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policy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: service policy"> <meta name="keywords" content="service policy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="service policy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7171</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: service policy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7021</span> Visitors’ Attitude towards the Service Marketing Mix and Frequency of Visits to Bangpu Recreation Centre, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siri-Orn%20Champatong">Siri-Orn Champatong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper was aimed to examine the relationship between visitors’ attitude towards the service marketing mix and visitors’ frequency of visit to Bangpu Recreation Centre. Based on a large and uncalculated population, the number of samples was calculated according to the formula to obtain a total of 385 samples. In collecting the samples, systematic random sampling was applied and by using of a Likert five-scale questionnaire for, a total of 21 days to collect the needed information. Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson’s basic statistical correlations were utilized in analyzing the data. This study discovered a high level of visitors’ attitude product and service of Bangpu Recreation Centre, price, place, promotional activities, people who provided service and physical evidence of the centre. The attitude towards process of service was discovered to be at a medium level. Additionally, the finding of an examination of a relationship between visitors’ attitude towards service marketing mix and visitors’ frequency of visit to Bangpu Recreation Centre presented that product and service, people, physical evidence and process of service provision showed a relationship with the visitors’ frequency of visit to the centre per year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20of%20visit" title="frequency of visit">frequency of visit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitor" title=" visitor"> visitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20marketing%20mix" title=" service marketing mix"> service marketing mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangpu%20Recreation%20Centre" title=" Bangpu Recreation Centre"> Bangpu Recreation Centre</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8173/visitors-attitude-towards-the-service-marketing-mix-and-frequency-of-visits-to-bangpu-recreation-centre-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7020</span> Inclusive Education in South African Universities: Pre-Service Teachers’ Experiences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cina%20Mosito">Cina Mosito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toyin%20Mary%20Adewumi"> Toyin Mary Adewumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charlene%20Nissen"> Charlene Nissen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the goals of inclusive education is to provide learners with suitable learning environments and prospects to best attain their potential. This study sought to determine the experiences of studying inclusive education on pre-service teachers’ teaching within the South African education context. A purposeful sample comprising 6 pre-service teachers was selected from a university of technology located in the Western Cape South Africa. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires, which were exploratory in nature and analyzed thematically. The findings supported significant proportions of experiences as self-reported by pre-service teachers. The pre-service teachers’ experiences of studying inclusive education included inclusive education as an “eye-opener” to the fact that learners experiencing various barriers to learning can be accommodated in the regular classrooms, exposure to some aspects of inclusive education, such as diversity, learners’ rights, and curriculum differentiation. It was also revealed that studying inclusive education made pre-service teachers love and enjoy teaching more. The study shows that awareness of inclusive education has influenced pre-service teachers in South African schools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience" title="experience">experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusive%20education" title=" inclusive education"> inclusive education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-service%20teacher" title=" pre-service teacher"> pre-service teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122665/inclusive-education-in-south-african-universities-pre-service-teachers-experiences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7019</span> Revisiting the Fiscal Theory of Sovereign Risk from the DSGE View</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eiji%20Okano">Eiji Okano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyuki%20Inagaki"> Kazuyuki Inagaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We revisit Uribe's `Fiscal Theory of Sovereign Risk' advocating that there is a trade-off between stabilizing inflation and suppressing default. We develop a class of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with nominal rigidities and compare two de facto inflation stabilization policies, optimal monetary policy and optimal monetary and fiscal policy with the minimizing interest rate spread policy which completely suppress the default. Under the optimal monetary and fiscal policy, not only the nominal interest rate but also the tax rate work to minimize welfare costs through stabilizing inflation. Under the optimal monetary both inflation and output gap are completely stabilized although those are fluctuating under the optimal monetary policy. In addition, volatility in the default rate under the optimal monetary policy is considerably lower than one under the optimal monetary policy. Thus, there is not the SI-SD trade-off. In addition, while the minimizing interest rate spread policy makes inflation rate severely volatile, the optimal monetary and fiscal policy stabilize both the inflation and the default. A trade-off between stabilizing inflation and suppressing default is not so severe what pointed out by Uribe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereign%20risk" title="sovereign risk">sovereign risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20monetary%20policy" title=" optimal monetary policy"> optimal monetary policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiscal%20theory%20of%20the%20price%20level" title=" fiscal theory of the price level"> fiscal theory of the price level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSGE" title=" DSGE"> DSGE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50808/revisiting-the-fiscal-theory-of-sovereign-risk-from-the-dsge-view" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7018</span> Architecture for QoS Based Service Selection Using Local Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gopinath%20Ganapathy">Gopinath Ganapathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chellammal%20Surianarayanan"> Chellammal Surianarayanan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Services are growing rapidly and generally they are aggregated into a composite service to accomplish complex business processes. There may be several services that offer the same required function of a particular task in a composite service. Hence a choice has to be made for selecting suitable services from alternative functionally similar services. Quality of Service (QoS)plays as a discriminating factor in selecting which component services should be selected to satisfy the quality requirements of a user during service composition. There are two categories of approaches for QoS based service selection, namely global and local approaches. Global approaches are known to be Non-Polynomial (NP) hard in time and offer poor scalability in large scale composition. As an alternative to global methods, local selection methods which reduce the search space by breaking up the large/complex problem of selecting services for the workflow into independent sub problems of selecting services for individual tasks are coming up. In this paper, distributed architecture for selecting services based on QoS using local selection is presented with an overview of local selection methodology. The architecture describes the core components, namely, selection manager and QoS manager needed to implement the local approach and their functions. Selection manager consists of two components namely constraint decomposer which decomposes the given global or workflow level constraints in local or task level constraints and service selector which selects appropriate service for each task with maximum utility, satisfying the corresponding local constraints. QoS manager manages the QoS information at two levels namely, service class level and individual service level. The architecture serves as an implementation model for local selection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture%20of%20service%20selection" title="architecture of service selection">architecture of service selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20method%20for%20service%20selection" title=" local method for service selection"> local method for service selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QoS%20based%20service%20selection" title=" QoS based service selection"> QoS based service selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approaches%20for%20QoS%20based%20service%20selection" title=" approaches for QoS based service selection"> approaches for QoS based service selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23484/architecture-for-qos-based-service-selection-using-local-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7017</span> Heightening Pre-Service Teachers’ Attitude towards Learning and Metacognitive Learning through Information and Communication Technology: Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abiodun%20Ezekiel%20Adesina">Abiodun Ezekiel Adesina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ijeoma%20Ginikanwa%20Akubugwo"> Ijeoma Ginikanwa Akubugwo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Information and Communication Technology, ICT can heighten pre-service teachers’ attitudes toward learning and metacognitive learning; however, there is a dearth of literature on the perception of the pre-service teachers on heightening their attitude toward learning and metacognitive learning. Thus, this study investigates the perception of pre-service science teachers on heightening their attitude towards learning and metacognitive learning through ICT. Two research questions and four hypotheses guided the research. A mixed methods research was adopted for the study in concurrent triangulation type of integrating qualitative and quantitative approaches to the study. The cluster random sampling technique was adopted to select 250 pre-service science teachers in Oyo township. Two self-constructed instruments: Heightening Pre-service Science Teachers’ Attitude towards Learning and Metacognitive Learning through Information and Communication Technology Scale (HPALMIS, r=.73), and an unstructured interview were used for data collection. Thematic analysis, frequency counts and percentages, t-tests, and analysis of variance were used for data analysis. The perception level of the pre-service science teachers on heightening their attitude towards learning and metacognitive learning through ICT is above average, with the majority perceiving that ICT can enhance their thinking about their learning. The perception was significant (mean=92.68, SD=10.86, df=249, t=134.91, p<.05). The perception was significantly differentiated by gender (t=2.10, df= 248, p<.05) in favour of the female pre-service teachers and based on the first time of ICTs use (F(5,244)= 9.586, p<.05). Lecturers of science and science related courses should therefore imbibe the use of ICTs in heightening pre-service teachers’ attitude towards learning and metacognitive learning. Government should organize workshops, seminars, lectures, and symposia along with professional bodies for the science education lecturers to keep abreast of the trending ICT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-service%20teachers%E2%80%99%20attitude%20towards%20learning" title="pre-service teachers’ attitude towards learning">pre-service teachers’ attitude towards learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metacognitive%20learning" title=" metacognitive learning"> metacognitive learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title=" ICT"> ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-service%20teachers%E2%80%99%20perspectives" title=" pre-service teachers’ perspectives"> pre-service teachers’ perspectives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154897/heightening-pre-service-teachers-attitude-towards-learning-and-metacognitive-learning-through-information-and-communication-technology-pre-service-science-teachers-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7016</span> Evaluating Service Trustworthiness for Service Selection in Cloud Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Amiri">Maryam Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leyli%20Mohammad-Khanli"> Leyli Mohammad-Khanli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular and more business applications are moving to cloud. In this regard, services that provide similar functional properties are increasing. So, the ability to select a service with the best non-functional properties, corresponding to the user preference, is necessary for the user. This paper presents an Evaluation Framework of Service Trustworthiness (EFST) that evaluates the trustworthiness of equivalent services without need to additional invocations of them. EFST extracts user preference automatically. Then, it assesses trustworthiness of services in two dimensions of qualitative and quantitative metrics based on the experiences of past usage of services. Finally, EFST determines the overall trustworthiness of services using Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The results of experiments and simulations show that EFST is able to predict the missing values of Quality of Service (QoS) better than other competing approaches. Also, it propels users to select the most appropriate services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20preference" title="user preference">user preference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20service" title=" cloud service"> cloud service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trustworthiness" title=" trustworthiness"> trustworthiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QoS%20metrics" title=" QoS metrics"> QoS metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72685/evaluating-service-trustworthiness-for-service-selection-in-cloud-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7015</span> The Reflection on Pre-Service Teacher Training Program in Science Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumalee%20Tientongdee">Sumalee Tientongdee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pre-service teacher training program at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bankgok Thailand has been provided for undergraduate students for more than 80 years. It was established as the first teacher college in the country. The pre-service teacher program in science education is considered as one of the new training programs to prepare pre-service teacher to teach science in secondary school level. The need of program assessment is strongly important. Therefore, this study was conducted to gain the opinions and recommendations from the principals, in-service teachers, and mentoring teachers from the partnership schools of Bangkok. The invited 120 participants for the annual meeting was hold in May 2017. The focus group discussion and questionnaires were used to collect the data during the reflection session. The content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The results showed that the pre-service teacher training program in science education should improve students’ creative thinking skill, service mind, personality, and attitudes toward teaching science career. Also, the future science teachers must be able to teach in English to have more opportunities to teach science in Southeast Asian countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-service%20teacher%20training%20program" title="pre-service teacher training program">pre-service teacher training program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflection" title=" reflection"> reflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20education" title=" science education"> science education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suan%20Sunandha%20Rajabhat%20university" title=" Suan Sunandha Rajabhat university"> Suan Sunandha Rajabhat university</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83060/the-reflection-on-pre-service-teacher-training-program-in-science-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7014</span> Rigorous Literature Review: Open Science Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20T.%20Svahn">E. T. Svahn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article documents how open science policy is perceived in the scientific literature globally throughout the history. It also presents what policy needs are persistent to enable safe and effective dissemination of scientific knowledge. This information may be of interest to open science and science policy makers globally, especially in the view of recent adoption of supranational open science policies such as Plan S. Evaluation of open science policy landscape is in pressing need of assessment regarding its impact on the research community and society at wide as no previous literature review has been conducted on the topic. This study is a rigorous literature review based on constructivist grounded theory method on the full body of scientific open science policy publications. Selection of these articles has been conducted in 2019 and 2020 in major global knowledge databases. Through the analysis of these articles, two key themes emerged that are seen to shape the relationship between science and society. 1st is that of the policy enabling open science in a safe and effective way, and 2nd is that of the outcome of the science policy may have on the research community and the wider society. These findings accentuate that open science policies can have a major impact on not only research process and availability of knowledge but also on society itself. As an outcome of this study, a theoretical framework is constructed, and the need for further study on open science policy itself on a higher level becomes apparent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructivist%20grounded%20theory" title="constructivist grounded theory">constructivist grounded theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20science%20policy" title=" open science policy"> open science policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigorous%20literature%20review" title=" rigorous literature review"> rigorous literature review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20policy" title=" science policy"> science policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126920/rigorous-literature-review-open-science-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7013</span> The Influence of Theories and Approaches to Educational Policy and Planning in Ghana’s Current Educational Developments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruth%20Donkoh">Ruth Donkoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wing%20On%20Lee"> Wing On Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20A.%20Boateng"> Solomon A. Boateng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portia%20Oware%20Twerefoo"> Portia Oware Twerefoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josephine%20Donkor"> Josephine Donkor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we defend the value of theories and approaches to educational policy and planning in enhancing the educational developments in Ghana. This mission is achieved by enumerating the recent educational developments in Ghana and juxtaposing it with some educational theories, approaches to policy making, and policy planning to see if the educational developments conform with the theory principles as well as policy making and planning processes. Data collection for the research was made through textual analysis of policy documents as well as review of relevant literatures. The findings reveled that educational developments in Ghana are unable to attain its objectives due to the policies not conforming with the policy formation and planning principles. In addition, was that education planning in Ghana does not follow the policy-administration dichotomy theory principles and likewise the distribution of educational needs goes contrary to the equity theory. We recommend that educational policies in Ghana should be in conformity with the principles of theories as well as the approaches to educational policy making and planning to help meet the needs of learners, attain educational quality, and to help in the accomplishment of educational development objectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana%20education" title="Ghana education">Ghana education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity%20theories" title=" equity theories"> equity theories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics-%20administration%20dichotomy%20theory" title=" politics- administration dichotomy theory"> politics- administration dichotomy theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20policies" title=" educational policies"> educational policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20planning" title=" educational planning"> educational planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145080/the-influence-of-theories-and-approaches-to-educational-policy-and-planning-in-ghanas-current-educational-developments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7012</span> The Importance of Cultural Adaptation of B2C E-Services Design in Germany</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasha%20Alhendawi">Rasha Alhendawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research will give the introductory ideas for cultural adaption of B2C E-Service design in Germany. By the intense competition of E-Service development, many companies have realized the importance of understanding the emotional and cultural characteristics of their customers. Ignoring customers’ needs and requirements throughout the E-Service design can lead to faults, mistakes, and gaps. The term of E-Service usability now is changed not only to develop high quality E-Services, but also to be extended to include customer satisfaction and provide for them to feel local. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction%20%28HCI%29" title="human computer interaction (HCI)">human computer interaction (HCI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20usability" title=" cultural usability"> cultural usability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-Services" title=" E-Services"> E-Services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business-to-consumer%20%28B2C%29" title=" business-to-consumer (B2C)"> business-to-consumer (B2C)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-services" title=" e-services"> e-services</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36756/the-importance-of-cultural-adaptation-of-b2c-e-services-design-in-germany" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7011</span> Some Aspects of Improving Service Sphere Management in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gechbaia%20Badri">Gechbaia Badri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the article, it is studied and realized the perfection issues of service sphere management in Georgia’s reality. As stated above, to transfer the country's economy onto marketing relationships, to form competitive dynamic market is dictated by the time and represents objective necessity. In the last period, the abruptly increasing of changes on science and education caused servicing sphere and producing skills, consumptions based on fields of places and changing role in a structure of the national economy. The main recourse in the new system of the economy became the intellectual capital. The economical progress is significantly determined by developing informational technologies. In the article, it is investigated the service problems of different fields of national economy and are given sentences to settle these problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20management" title="service management">service management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service" title=" service"> service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paradigm" title=" paradigm"> paradigm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20and%20management%20engineering" title=" business and management engineering"> business and management engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24301/some-aspects-of-improving-service-sphere-management-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7010</span> Involvement in Health Policy and Political Efficacy among Hospital Nurses in Jordan: A Descriptive Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raeda%20F.%20Abualrub">Raeda F. Abualrub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amani%20Abdulnabi"> Amani Abdulnabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The aims of this study were to (a) examine the levels of nurses' political efficacy and involvement in health policy; and (b) explore the relationships between political efficacy, involvement in health policy, and participants’ background variables. Background: Nurses as citizens and health care providers have the right to express their opinions and beliefs in regard to issues that are concerned with the health care system or the public health domain. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design using was utilized. A self-administered questionnaire (Political Efficacy Scale & Involvement in Health Policy Scale) was completed by a convenience sample of 302 nurses. Results: The results of this study showed low levels of involvement in health policy and political efficacy and a positive weak correlation between political efficacy and involvement in health policy. The perceived level of political efficacy was associated positively with nurses’ age and experience. Conclusions: Nurse administrators and managers may empower, support, and encourage nurses to enhance their involvement in health policy. Implications for Nursing Management: The findings have implications for nursing leaders and administrators to design appropriate strategies to enhance nurses’ involvement in health policy development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20policy" title="health policy">health policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses" title=" nurses"> nurses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20efficacy" title=" political efficacy"> political efficacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152691/involvement-in-health-policy-and-political-efficacy-among-hospital-nurses-in-jordan-a-descriptive-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7009</span> The Development of Fiscal Policy in Light of Economic Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djehich%20Mohamed%20Yousri">Djehich Mohamed Yousri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research tries to highlight the different stages and developments of financial policy which has evolved significantly in its means and mechanism, goals as well, according to the successful developments of the society, in addition to that, the role of the country has been developed from custody to intervening country, that evolution does not impact only on financial science but it was reflected on financial system concepts, that helped fr transport it from neutral financial policy to intervening policy, since each stage was characterized by a set of characteristics, financial policy considers like reflective mirror to the role of state in all times, when the state has been absent as an organized authority to society, the role of financial policy was weakened and has been limited under the impact of ideology which exists at all time, financial role has was limited until the state intervened in all aspects of life, the state role is also influential in economic, social, and political life, this study highlighting the most important developments of financial policy under successful economic systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20expenditure" title="public expenditure">public expenditure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20spending" title=" government spending"> government spending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxes" title=" taxes"> taxes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revenues%20public" title=" revenues public"> revenues public</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics" title=" economics"> economics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161659/the-development-of-fiscal-policy-in-light-of-economic-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7008</span> Relationship Between In-Service Training and Employees’ Feeling of Psychological Ownership</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Kallhor%20Mohammadi">Mahsa Kallhor Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamideh%20Reshadatjoo"> Hamideh Reshadatjoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study verified the relationship between in-service training and employees’ feeling of psychological ownership. This research applied a descriptive survey that investigated a correlation between variables. The target population was 140 employees of a Drilling Fluid and Waste Management Service Company, and the sample was 123 employees who were selected randomly and encouraged to complete an electronic questionnaire which was designed based on standard questionnaires for research variables covering 62 questions. The face validity of the questionnaire was supported by an experimental test, and its content validity was approved by the thesis supervisor and consulting advisor. For the descriptive statistics frequency tables and diagrams, measures of central tendency such as mode, median, and mean and measures of variability such as variance, standards deviation, and quartile deviation were used. In the inferential statistics section, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to verify the relationship between the variables of the research. According to the results, all of the research hypotheses were supported. According to hypothesis 1, there was a positive and significant relationship between training policy-making and employees’ psychological ownership (r=0/408, α=0/05). According to hypothesis 2, there was a positive and significant relationship between training planning and employees’ psychological ownership (r=0/446, α=0/05). According to hypothesis 3, there was a positive and significant relationship between providing the training and employees’ psychological ownership (r=0/512, α=0/05). According to hypothesis 4, there was a positive and significant relationship between training performance management and employees’ psychological ownership (r=0/462, α=0/05). According to hypothesis 5, there was a positive and significant relationship between employees’ motivation and psychological ownership (r=0/694, α=0/05). Therefore, through systematic in-service training, which is in the same line with the strategic goals of an organization and is based on scientific needs analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation, it is possible to improve employees’ sense of psychological ownership toward an organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-service%20training" title="in-service training">in-service training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20behavior" title=" organizational behavior"> organizational behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20ownership" title=" psychological ownership"> psychological ownership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161593/relationship-between-in-service-training-and-employees-feeling-of-psychological-ownership" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7007</span> Public Service Ethics in Public Administration: An Empirical Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalsoom%20Sumra">Kalsoom Sumra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing concern of public sector reforms brings new challenges to public service ethics in developing countries not only at central level but also at local level. This paper aims to identify perceptions on public service ethics of public officials and examines more generally the understanding of public servants in Pakistan towards public service ethics in local public organizations. The study uses an independently administered structured questionnaire to collect data to know the extent of the recognition of public service ethics in local organizations. A total of 150 completed questionnaires are analyzed received from public servants working at the local level in Pakistan. The analysis explores how traditional, social patterns and cultural ethics can provide us with a rounded picture of the main antecedents, moderators of public service ethics in Pakistan. Moreover, the findings of this study contribute in association of public service ethics which are crucial in ongoing political and administrative culture of Pakistan, the most crucial core for public organizational ethical climate. This study also has numerous implications for local public administration and it highlights the importance of expanding research agenda on public service ethics in developing settings with challenging institutional contexts with imperfect training and operating environments. This study may well be particularly important for practice of public service ethics in developing countries in public administration. To the best of author’s knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to provide an initial step in practical implications to emphasize relevant public service ethics in public administration in developing transparent and accountable organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20service%20ethics" title="public service ethics">public service ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountability%20and%20transparency" title=" accountability and transparency"> accountability and transparency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20service%20reforms" title=" public service reforms"> public service reforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20administration" title=" public administration"> public administration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20ethical%20climate" title=" organizational ethical climate"> organizational ethical climate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97253/public-service-ethics-in-public-administration-an-empirical-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7006</span> Review of Research on Effectiveness Evaluation of Technology Innovation Policy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xue%20Wang">Xue Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Wei%20Fan"> Li-Wei Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The technology innovation has become the driving force of social and economic development and transformation. The guidance and support of public policies is an important condition to promote the realization of technology innovation goals. Policy effectiveness evaluation is instructive in policy learning and adjustment. This paper reviews existing studies and systematically evaluates the effectiveness of policy-driven technological innovation. We used 167 articles from WOS and CNKI databases as samples to clarify the measurement of technological innovation indicators and analyze the classification and application of policy evaluation methods. In general, technology innovation input and technological output are the two main aspects of technological innovation index design, among which technological patents are the focus of research, the number of patents reflects the scale of technological innovation, and the quality of patents reflects the value of innovation from multiple aspects. As for policy evaluation methods, statistical analysis methods are applied to the formulation, selection and evaluation of the after-effect of policies to analyze the effect of policy implementation qualitatively and quantitatively. The bibliometric methods are mainly based on the public policy texts, discriminating the inter-government relationship and the multi-dimensional value of the policy. Decision analysis focuses on the establishment and measurement of the comprehensive evaluation index system of public policy. The economic analysis methods focus on the performance and output of technological innovation to test the policy effect. Finally, this paper puts forward the prospect of the future research direction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20innovation" title="technology innovation">technology innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index" title=" index"> index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20effectiveness" title=" policy effectiveness"> policy effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20of%20policy" title=" evaluation of policy"> evaluation of policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bibliometric%20analysis" title=" bibliometric analysis"> bibliometric analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175542/review-of-research-on-effectiveness-evaluation-of-technology-innovation-policy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7005</span> Border Trade Policy to Promote Thailand - Myanmar Mae Sai, Chiang Rai Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakapas%20Saengchai">Sakapas Saengchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pichamon%20Chansuchai"> Pichamon Chansuchai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research Thai- Myanmar Border Trade Promotion Policy, Mae Sai District, Chiang Rai Province The objectives of this study were to study the policy of promoting Thai- Myanmar border trade in Mae Sai district, Chiang Rai province. And suitable models for the development of border trade in Mae Sai. Chiang Rai province This research uses qualitative methodology. The method of collecting data from research papers. Participatory Observation In-depth interviews in which the information is important, the governor of Chiang Rai. Chiang Rai Customs Service Executive Office of Mae Sai Immigration Bureau Maesai Chamber of Commerce and Private Entrepreneurs By specific sampling Data analysis uses content analysis. The study indicated that Border Trade Promotion Policy The direction taken by the government to focus on developing 1. Security is further reducing crime. Smuggling and human trafficking Including the preparation to protect people from terrorism and natural disasters. And cooperation with Burma on border security. 2. The development of wealth is the promotion of investment. The transport links, logistics value chain. Products and services across the Thai-Myanmar border. Improve the regulations and laws to promote fair trade. Convenient and fast 3. Sustainable development is the ability to generate income, quality of life of people in the Thai border to increase continuously. By using balanced natural resources, production and consumption are environmentally friendly. Which featured the participation of all sectors of the public and private sectors in the region to drive the development of the border with Thailand. Chiang Rai province To be more competitive . <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Border" title="Border">Border</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trade" title=" Trade"> Trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Policy" title=" Policy"> Policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Promote" title=" Promote"> Promote</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104489/border-trade-policy-to-promote-thailand-myanmar-mae-sai-chiang-rai-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7004</span> On the End-of-Life Inventory Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hans%20Frenk">Hans Frenk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonya%20Javadi"> Sonya Javadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semih%20Onur%20Sezer"> Semih Onur Sezer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We consider the so-called end of life inventory problem for the supplier of a product in its final phase of the service life cycle. This phase starts when the production of the items stops and continues until the warranty of the last sold item expires. At the beginning of this phase, the supplier places a final order for spare parts to serve customers coming with defective items. At any time during the final phase, the supplier may also decide to switch to an alternative and more cost-effective policy. This alternative policy may be in the form of replacing a defective item with a substitutable product or offering discounts / rebates on new generation products. In this setup, the objective is to find a final order quantity and also a switching time which will minimize the total expected discounted cost. We study this problem under a general cost structure in a continuous-time framework where arrivals of defective items are given by a non-homogeneous Poisson process. We consider four formulations which differ by the nature of the switching time. These formulations are studied in detail and properties of the objective function are derived in each case. Using these properties, we provide exact algorithms for efficient numerical implementations. Numerical examples are provided illustrating the application of these algorithms. In these examples, we also compare the costs associated with these different formulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=End-of-life%20inventory%20control" title="End-of-life inventory control">End-of-life inventory control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martingales" title=" martingales"> martingales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20parts" title=" service parts"> service parts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71462/on-the-end-of-life-inventory-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7003</span> Implementing Service Learning in the Health Education Curriculum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Butler">Karen Butler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Johnson C. Smith University, one of the nation’s oldest Historically Black Colleges and Universities, has a strong history of service learning and community service. We first integrated service learning and peer education into health education courses in the spring of 2000. Students enrolled in the classes served as peer educators for the semester. Since then, the program has evolved and expanded but remains an integral part of several courses. The purpose of this session is to describe our program in terms of development, successes, and obstacles, and feedback received. A detailed description of the service learning component in HED 235: Drugs and Drug Education and HED 337: Environmental Health will be provided. These classes are required of our Community Health majors but are also popular electives for students in other disciplines. Three sources of student feedback were used to evaluate and continually modify the component: the SIR II course evaluation, service learning reflection papers, and focus group interviews. Student feedback has been largely positive. When criticism was given, it was thoughtful and constructive – given in the spirit of making it better for the next group. Students consistently agreed that the service learning program increased their awareness of pertinent health issues; that both the service providers and service recipients benefited from the project; and that the goals/issues targeted by the service learning component fit the objectives of the course. Also, evidence of curriculum and learning enhancement was found in the reflection papers and focus group sessions. Service learning sets up a win-win situation. It provides a way to respond to campus and community health needs while enhancing the curriculum, as students learn more by doing things that benefit the health and wellness of others. Service learning is suitable for any health education course and any target audience would welcome the effort. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20colleges" title="black colleges">black colleges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20health" title=" community health"> community health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20education" title=" health education"> health education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20learning" title=" service learning"> service learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59328/implementing-service-learning-in-the-health-education-curriculum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7002</span> Relations between the Internal Employment Conditions of International Organizations and the Characteristics of the National Civil Service</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renata%20Hrecska">Renata Hrecska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research seeks to fully examine the internal employment law of international organizations by comparing it with the characteristics of the national civil service. The aim of the research is to compare the legal system that has developed over many centuries and the relatively new internal staffing regulations to find out what solution schemes can help each other through mutual legal development in order to respond effectively to the social challenges of everyday life. Generally, the rules of civil service of any country or international entity have in common that they have, in their pragmatics inherently, the characteristic that makes them serving public interests. Though behind the common base there are many differences: there is the clear fragmentation of state regulation and the unity of organizational regulation. On the other hand, however, this difference disappears to some extent: the public service regulation of international organizations can be considered uniform until we examine it within, but not outside an organization. As soon as we compare the different organizations we may find many different solutions for staffing regulations. It is clear that the national civil service is a strong model for international organizations, but the question may be whether the staffing policy of international organizations can serve the national civil service as an example, too. In this respect, the easiest way to imagine a legislative environment would be to have a single comprehensive code, the general part of which is the Civil Service Act itself, and the specific part containing specific, necessarily differentiating rules for each layer of the civil service. Would it be advantageous to follow the footsteps of the leading international organizations, or is there any speciality in national level civil service that we cannot avoid during regulating processes? In addition to the above, the personal competencies of officials working in international organizations and public administrations also show a high degree of similarity, regardless of the type of employment. Thus, the whole public service system is characterized by the fundamental and special values that a person capable of holding a public office must be able to demonstrate, in some cases, even without special qualifications. It is also interesting how we can compare the two spheres of employment in light of the theory of Lawyer Louis Brandeis, a judge at the US Supreme Court, who formulated a complex theory of profession as distinguished from other occupations. From this point of view we can examine the continuous development of research and specialized knowledge at work; the community recognition and social status; that to what extent we can see a close-knit professional organization of altruistic philosophy; that how stability grows in the working conditions due to the stability of the profession; and that how the autonomy of the profession can prevail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20service" title="civil service">civil service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20law" title=" comparative law"> comparative law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20organizations" title=" international organizations"> international organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulatory%20systems" title=" regulatory systems"> regulatory systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120890/relations-between-the-internal-employment-conditions-of-international-organizations-and-the-characteristics-of-the-national-civil-service" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7001</span> Security Analysis of SIMSec Protocol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerem%20Ok">Kerem Ok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cem%20Cevikbas"> Cem Cevikbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vedat%20Coskun"> Vedat Coskun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alsadi"> Mohammed Alsadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Busra%20Ozdenizci"> Busra Ozdenizci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Un-keyed SIM cards do not contain the required security infrastructure to provide end-to-end encryption with Service Providers. Hence, new, emerging, or smart services those require end-to-end encryption between SIM card and a Service Provider is impossible. SIMSec key exchange protocol creates symmetric keys between SIM card and Service Provider. After a successful protocol execution, SIM card and Service Provider creates the symmetric keys and can perform end-to-end data encryption when required. In this paper, our aim is to analyze the SIMSec protocol’s security. According to the results, SIM card and Service Provider can generate keys securely using SIMSec protocol. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=End-to-end%20encryption" title="End-to-end encryption">End-to-end encryption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20exchange" title=" key exchange"> key exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SIM%20card" title=" SIM card"> SIM card</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20card" title=" smart card"> smart card</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46503/security-analysis-of-simsec-protocol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7000</span> Implementation of Total Quality Management in Public Sector: Case of Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafla%20Hchaichi">Rafla Hchaichi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The public administration is currently experiencing in the field of quality unprecedented effervescence. However, in a globalized world more and more competitive, public services are confronted with the need to improve their performances which push public companies to implement quality approaches. Quality approaches have taken diverse forms such as service commitment, labels, certifications and the Common Assessment Framework. This paper provides an overview on the strategy for administrative development in Tunisia since the Carthaginian civilization until today. It outlines the evolution of quality management in the Tunisian public context while focusing on the National Referential of Quality of Administrative Services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20approach" title="quality approach">quality approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20common%20assessment%20framework" title=" the common assessment framework"> the common assessment framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20commitment" title=" service commitment"> service commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=label" title=" label"> label</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=certification" title=" certification"> certification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20public%20service" title=" quality of public service"> quality of public service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20of%20public%20service" title=" performance of public service"> performance of public service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisian%20Public%20Service" title=" Tunisian Public Service"> Tunisian Public Service</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19471/implementation-of-total-quality-management-in-public-sector-case-of-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6999</span> Analysis of Developments in the Understanding of In-Service Training in Turkish Public Administration: Personnel Management to Human Resource Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sema%20M%C3%BCge%20%C3%96zdemiray">Sema Müge Özdemiray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In line with the new public management approach to provide effective and efficient services necessary to achieve the social goals of public institutions, employees must have the knowledge and skills required by the age. In conjunction with the transition from personnel management to human resources management, it is seen that there is a change in the understanding of in-service training, the understanding of "required in-service training" has switched to the understanding of "continuous in-service training". However, in terms of in-service training in Turkey, it seems to be trouble at the point of adopting to change. The main purpose of this study is to primarily create a conceptual framework of in-service training and subsequently determine, analyze and discuss the developments and problems faced by in-service training in Turkey in the transition from personnel management to human resources management. In accordance with this purpose, the necessary data of this study were collected using qualitative approaches. Observation and document analysis was used and content analysis was performed on the data gathered in the study. The results of this study, according to data such as the number of institutions requesting in-service training, allocated budget of in-service training, the number of people participating in such training, transition of personnel management to human resources management should not lead to a paradigm shift in Turkey’s understanding of in-service training, although this is compulsory for public institutions in accordance with the law in Turkey. In-service training in Turkish public administration is still not implemented effectively and is seen as a social activity for employees and a formality for institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Human%20resources%20management" title="Human resources management">Human resources management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20service%20training" title=" in service training"> in service training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personnel%20management" title=" personnel management"> personnel management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20institutions" title=" public institutions"> public institutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55245/analysis-of-developments-in-the-understanding-of-in-service-training-in-turkish-public-administration-personnel-management-to-human-resource-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6998</span> A Survey on Requirements and Challenges of Internet Protocol Television Service over Software Defined Networking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmeralda%20Hysenbelliu">Esmeralda Hysenbelliu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last years, the demand for high bandwidth services, such as live (IPTV Service) and on-demand video streaming, steadily and rapidly increased. It has been predicted that video traffic (IPTV, VoD, and WEB TV) will account more than 90% of global Internet Protocol traffic that will cross the globe in 2016. Consequently, the importance and consideration on requirements and challenges of service providers faced today in supporting user’s requests for entertainment video across the various IPTV services through virtualization over Software Defined Networks (SDN), is tremendous in the highest stage of attention. What is necessarily required, is to deliver optimized live and on-demand services like Internet Protocol Service (IPTV Service) with low cost and good quality by strictly fulfill the essential requirements of Clients and ISP’s (Internet Service Provider’s) in the same time. The aim of this study is to present an overview of the important requirements and challenges of IPTV service with two network trends on solving challenges through virtualization (SDN and Network Function Virtualization). This paper provides an overview of researches published in the last five years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title="challenges">challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPTV%20service" title=" IPTV service"> IPTV service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirements" title=" requirements"> requirements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20defined%20networking%20%28SDN%29" title=" software defined networking (SDN)"> software defined networking (SDN)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49752/a-survey-on-requirements-and-challenges-of-internet-protocol-television-service-over-software-defined-networking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6997</span> Perceptions of Senior Academics in Teacher Education Colleges Regarding the Integration of Digital Games during the Pandemic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merav%20Hayakac">Merav Hayakac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orit%20Avidov-Ungarab"> Orit Avidov-Ungarab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study adopted an interpretive-constructivist approach to examine how senior academics from a large sample of Israeli teacher education colleges serving general or religious populations perceived the integration of digital games into their teacher instruction and what their policy and vision were in this regard in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Half the participants expressed a desire to integrate digital games into their teaching and learning but acknowledged that this practice was uncommon. Only a small minority believed they had achieved successful integration, with doubt and skepticism expressed by some religious colleges. Most colleges had policies encouraging technology integration supported by ongoing funding. Although a considerable gap between policy and implementation remained, the COVID-19 pandemic was viewed as having accelerated the integration of digital games into pre-service teacher instruction. The findings suggest that discussions around technology-related vision and policy and their translation into practice should relate to the specific cultural needs and academic preparedness of the population(s) served by the college. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20games" title=" digital games"> digital games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogy" title=" pedagogy"> pedagogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education%20colleges" title=" teacher education colleges"> teacher education colleges</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150553/perceptions-of-senior-academics-in-teacher-education-colleges-regarding-the-integration-of-digital-games-during-the-pandemic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6996</span> Coping Mechanisms for Families in Raising a Child with Disability in Bangladesh: Family Members' Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reshma%20P.%20Nuri">Reshma P. Nuri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebenezer%20Dassah"> Ebenezer Dassah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Raising a child with a disability can affect family members in different ways. However, this can be determined by the way in which a family member copes with the situation. There is little research that explores how families develop coping strategies to overcome barriers in raising CWDs. Objective: This study explored family members’ coping mechanism in raising a child with disability in Bangladesh. Method: A qualitative approach that involved 20 interviews with family members of CWDs. A purposive sampling procedure was used in selecting the study participants. A digital recorder was used to record all the interviews. Transcriptions were done in Bengali, translated into English, and then imported to NVivo software 12 for analysis. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The study revealed that family members adopted different coping strategies for their CWDs, including seeking support from formal (e.g., service providers) and informal sources (family members and friends); relying on religious beliefs; accepting the situation. Additionally, to cope with extra cost in raising CWDs, family members strategies included relying on overtime work; borrowing money from financial institutions; selling or mortgaging assets; and replying on donations from community members. Finally, some families had to reduce spending on food and buying toys for their CWDs. Conclusion: This qualitative study highlighted a range of coping mechanism adopted by family members in Bangladesh. The information provided in this study is potentially important to policy makers and service providers as it presents evidence on the coping mechanism of families in raising their CWDs. This underscores the need for policy design and service delivery in government support system in Bangladesh and potentially in other low- and middle-income contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20disabilities" title=" children with disabilities"> children with disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coping%20mechanism" title=" coping mechanism"> coping mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20members" title=" family members"> family members</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109385/coping-mechanisms-for-families-in-raising-a-child-with-disability-in-bangladesh-family-members-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6995</span> Using Axiomatic Design for Developing a Framework of Manufacturing Cloud Service Composition in the Equilibrium State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Vaziri%20Goodarzi">Ehsan Vaziri Goodarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmood%20Houshmand"> Mahmood Houshmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Fatahi%20Valilai"> Omid Fatahi Valilai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahidreza%20Ghezavati"> Vahidreza Ghezavati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrooz%20Bamdad"> Shahrooz Bamdad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One important paradigm of industry 4.0 is Cloud Manufacturing (CM). In CM everything is considered as a service, therefore, the CM platform should consider all service provider's capabilities and tries to integrate services in an equilibrium state. This research develops a framework for implementing manufacturing cloud service composition in the equilibrium state. The developed framework using well-known tools called axiomatic design (AD) and game theory. The research has investigated the factors for forming equilibrium for measures of the manufacturing cloud service composition. Functional requirements (FRs) represent the measures of manufacturing cloud service composition in the equilibrium state. These FRs satisfied by related Design Parameters (DPs). The FRs and DPs are defined by considering the game theory, QoS, consumer needs, parallel and cooperative services. Ultimately, four FRs and DPs represent the framework. To insure the validity of the framework, the authors have used the first AD’s independent axiom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axiomatic%20design" title="axiomatic design">axiomatic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing%20cloud%20service%20composition" title=" manufacturing cloud service composition"> manufacturing cloud service composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20manufacturing" title=" cloud manufacturing"> cloud manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry%204.0" title=" industry 4.0"> industry 4.0</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113120/using-axiomatic-design-for-developing-a-framework-of-manufacturing-cloud-service-composition-in-the-equilibrium-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6994</span> Prioritizing Quality Dimensions in ‘Servitised’ Business through AHP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohita%20Gangwar%20Sharma">Mohita Gangwar Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different factors are compelling manufacturers to move towards the phenomenon of servitization i.e. when firms go beyond giving support to the customers in operating the equipment. The challenges that are being faced in this transition by the manufacturing firms from being a product provider to a product- service provider are multipronged. Product-Service Systems (PSS) lies in between the pure-product and pure-service continuum. Through this study, we wish to understand the dimensions of ‘PSS-quality’. We draw upon the quality literature for both the product and services and through an expert survey for a specific transportation sector using analytical hierarchical process (AHP) derive a conceptual model that can be used as a comprehensive measurement tool for PSS offerings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=servitisation" title="servitisation">servitisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product-service%20system" title=" product-service system"> product-service system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHP" title=" AHP"> AHP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46680/prioritizing-quality-dimensions-in-servitised-business-through-ahp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6993</span> The Challenges of Decentralised Education Policy for Teachers in Indonesian Contexts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ardillah%20Rahman">Ahmad Ardillah Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The decentralisation policy in education has been a trend in some countries in the last two decades. In Indonesia, the implementation of the policy has been introduced since 2003 with the occurrence of School-Based Management policy. The reform has affected the way principals and teachers should involve in school practices in which more autonomies and flexibilities are given to teachers in conducting their teaching practices. Almost 13 years since the policy was firstly introduced, the government and teachers in Indonesia still face some obstacles in maximising the potential benefits of the implementation of the decentralised education system. This study, thus, critically analyses the challenges of decentralised education policy for teachers in Indonesian education context. The purposes of this study are threefold. Firstly, it will explore the history of policy transformation from a centralised to a decentralised education policy. Secondly, it points out the advantages of the decentralised policy implementation. The last, it provides a comprehensive description of challenges faced by Indonesian teachers with the new roles in designing and implementing a curriculum. By using data from existing surveys and research, this study concludes that to successfully implement the transformation in the educational reform of Indonesia, continual and gradual teachers’ training, professional career pathway, and local monitoring for teachers should be developed and strengthened. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20design" title="curriculum design">curriculum design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralisation" title=" decentralisation"> decentralisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school-based%20management" title=" school-based management"> school-based management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers%E2%80%99%20autonomy" title=" teachers’ autonomy"> teachers’ autonomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64534/the-challenges-of-decentralised-education-policy-for-teachers-in-indonesian-contexts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6992</span> The Project Management for Quality Services in Special Education Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysegul%20Salikutluk">Aysegul Salikutluk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zehra%20Altinay"> Zehra Altinay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gokmen%20%20Dagli"> Gokmen Dagli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahriye%20Altinay"> Fahriye Altinay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the study is to reveal the performance of special education schools as regards the service quality and management within the school culture. The project management and school climate are the fundamental elements for the quality in organisations. Having strategic plans, activities and funded projects improve service quality and satisfaction for the families who have children with disabilities. The research has qualitative nature, self-reports were used to examine the perceptions of teachers upon project management and school climate for service quality. The results show that special education schools' teachers are aware of essence of school climate and flow of communication for service quality and project management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20quality" title=" service quality"> service quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title=" project management"> project management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81469/the-project-management-for-quality-services-in-special-education-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20policy&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20policy&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20policy&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20policy&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20policy&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20policy&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item 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