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Walters</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Cynthia Walters"> <meta name="keywords" content="Cynthia Walters"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Cynthia Walters"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 41</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Cynthia Walters</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> A Look into Surgical Site Infections: Impact of Collective Interventions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Bennett">Lisa Bennett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Walters"> Cynthia Walters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Argani"> Cynthia Argani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Satin"> Andy Satin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geeta%20Sood"> Geeta Sood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerri%20Huber"> Kerri Huber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Grubb"> Lisa Grubb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woodrow%20Noble"> Woodrow Noble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melissa%20Eichelberger"> Melissa Eichelberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darlene%20Zinalabedini"> Darlene Zinalabedini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Ausby"> Eric Ausby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeffrey%20Snyder"> Jeffrey Snyder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kirchoff"> Kevin Kirchoff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) within the obstetric population pose a variety of complications, creating clinical and personal challenges for the new mother and her neonate during the postpartum period. Our journey to achieve compliance with the SSI core measure for cesarean sections revealed many opportunities to improve these outcomes. Objective: Achieve and sustain core measure compliance keeping surgical site infection rates below the national benchmark pooled mean of 1.8% in post-operative patients, who delivered via cesarean section at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Methods: A root cause analysis was performed and revealed several environmental, pharmacologic, and clinical practice opportunities for improvement. A multidisciplinary approach led by the OB Safety Nurse, OB Medical Director, and Infectious Disease Department resulted in the implementation of fourteen interventions over a twenty-month period. Interventions included: post-operative dressing changes, standardizing operating room attire, broadening pre-operative antibiotics, initiating vaginal preps, improving operating room terminal cleaning, testing air quality, and re-educating scrub technicians on technique. Results: Prior to the implementation of our interventions, the SSI quarterly rate in Obstetrics peaked at 6.10%. Although no single intervention resulted in dramatic improvement, after implementation of all fourteen interventions, the quarterly SSI rate has subsequently ranged from to 0.0% to 2.70%. Significance: Taking an introspective look at current practices can reveal opportunities for improvement which previously were not considered. Collectively the benefit of these interventions has shown a significant decrease in surgical site infection rates. The impact of this quality improvement project highlights the synergy created when members of the multidisciplinary team work in collaboration to improve patient safety, and achieve a high quality of care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20site%20infection" title=" surgical site infection"> surgical site infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration%20and%20teamwork" title=" collaboration and teamwork"> collaboration and teamwork</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety" title=" patient safety"> patient safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement" title=" quality improvement"> quality improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35074/a-look-into-surgical-site-infections-impact-of-collective-interventions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Ta-DAH: Task Driven Automated Hardware Design of Free-Flying Space Robots</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Jackson">Lucy Jackson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celyn%20Walters"> Celyn Walters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Eckersley"> Steve Eckersley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mini%20Rai"> Mini Rai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Hadfield"> Simon Hadfield</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Space robots will play an integral part in exploring the universe and beyond. A correctly designed space robot will facilitate OOA, satellite servicing and ADR. However, problems arise when trying to design such a system as it is a highly complex multidimensional problem into which there is little research. Current design techniques are slow and specific to terrestrial manipulators. This paper presents a solution to the slow speed of robotic hardware design, and generalizes the technique to free-flying space robots. It presents Ta-DAH Design, an automated design approach that utilises a multi-objective cost function in an iterative and automated pipeline. The design approach leverages prior knowledge and facilitates the faster output of optimal designs. The result is a system that can optimise the size of the base spacecraft, manipulator and some key subsystems for any given task. Presented in this work is the methodology behind Ta-DAH Design and a number optimal space robot designs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20robots" title="space robots">space robots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automated%20design" title=" automated design"> automated design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-orbit%20operations" title=" on-orbit operations"> on-orbit operations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardware%20design" title=" hardware design"> hardware design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150830/ta-dah-task-driven-automated-hardware-design-of-free-flying-space-robots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Radiological Analysis of Skeletal Metastases from Cervical Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacklynn%20Walters">Jacklynn Walters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20A.%20Alblas"> Amanda A. Alblas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20M.%20Greyling"> Linda M. Greyling</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cervical carcinoma is the second most common cancer found in women. Diagnosis of skeletal metastases is uncommon in cervical cancer patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of skeletal metastases in in a Western Cape skeletal population. Skeletal samples (n=14) from the Kirsten Skeletal Collection at Stellenbosch University, diagnosed pre-mortem with cervical cancer, were examined. Macroscopic analysis was done using low magnification to examine each skeletal element for signs of disease. Skeletons were also x-rayed using the Lodox® Statscan® Imaging system and the scans evaluated by a musculoskeletal radiologist. Three (21%) of the skeletons showed metastases, with the os coxae and lower vertebral column affected in all three cases. Furthermore, metastases occurred in the scapulae and ribs in two of the cases and in one case the skull, mandible, and long bones were affected. Additionally, three skeletons without evidence of skeletal metastases presented with a periosteal reaction on the os coxae in response to the diseased adjacent soft tissue. Previous studies observed that skeletal metastases are more common than what is diagnosed pre-mortem with the vertebral spine most commonly affected. The findings of this study agree with previous reports and illustrate the effectiveness of the Lodox® scanner in diagnoses of metastases in skeletal material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervix" title=" cervix"> cervix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiology" title=" radiology"> radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skeletal%20metastases" title=" skeletal metastases "> skeletal metastases </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32598/radiological-analysis-of-skeletal-metastases-from-cervical-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Specialized Instruction: Teaching and Leading Diverse Learners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annette%20G.%20Walters%20Ph.D.">Annette G. Walters Ph.D.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With a global shortage of qualified educational professionals, school systems continue to struggle with adequate staffing. How might learning communities meet the needs of all students, in particular those with specialized needs. While the task may seem foreboding and certain factors may seem divergent, all are connected in the education of students. Special education has a significant impact on the teaching and learning experience of all students in an educational community. Even when there are concerted efforts at embracing learners with diverse aptitude and abilities, there are often many important local factors that are misaligned, overlooked, or misunderstood. Working with learners with diverse abilities, often requires intentional services and supports for students to achieve success. Developing and implementing specialized instruction requires a multifaceted approach to supports the entire learning community, which includes educational providers, learners, and families, all while being mindful of fiscal and natural resources. This research explores the implications and complexities of special education instruction and specializing instruction, as well as leading and teaching diverse learners. This work is separated into three sections: the state of special education, teaching and leading diverse learners, and developing educational competencies through collaborative engagement. This structured analysis extrapolates historical and current research on special education practices and the role of educators in ensuring diverse students meet success. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=-%20%20diverse%20learners" title="- diverse learners">- diverse learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=-%20%20%20special%20education" title=" - special education"> - special education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=-%20%20modification%20and%20supports" title=" - modification and supports"> - modification and supports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=-%20%20%20curriculum%20and%20instruction" title=" - curriculum and instruction"> - curriculum and instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=-%20%20classroom%20management" title=" - classroom management"> - classroom management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=-%20%20%20formal%20and%20informal%20assessments" title=" - formal and informal assessments"> - formal and informal assessments</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177226/specialized-instruction-teaching-and-leading-diverse-learners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Assessment of the Ecological Tragedy on Lake Chad</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luke%20Onyekakeyah">Luke Onyekakeyah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Onyekakeyah"> Cynthia Onyekakeyah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The conflict in Northeastern Nigeria could mar local and international efforts to salvage the drying Lake Chad, which at present is merely 20 per cent of its original size. The conflict which began in 2009, assumed a monstrous dimension to the extent that any prospects of a redeeming action on the Lake is bleak. The concern of the authorities in the basin countries is how to bring the conflict to an end in the interest of the ecologically-dependent riparian population. Lake Chad is Africa’s fourth largest lake. From a previous 388,500 km2 some 600, 000 years ago, the Lake has shrunk to a maximum length of 25,000 km2. During the last four decades, the Lake has been susceptible to increasing variability and irregular rainfall. Dry spell, excessive evaporation and sandstorm have adversely affected the Lake, such that a 2001 estimate put the Lake to a meager 19,000 km2. Given the critical importance of the Lake as a source of livelihood for over 20 million people, there is mounting concern that an unprecedented human and ecological catastrophe is unfolding, should the Lake eventually dries up. The study evaluates the Lake Chad and how the conflict has adversely impacted it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lake%20chad" title="lake chad">lake chad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salvage" title=" salvage"> salvage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46453/assessment-of-the-ecological-tragedy-on-lake-chad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Translating Empathy in a Senior Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denver%20E.%20Severt">Denver E. Severt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Mejia"> Cynthia Mejia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With a grey wave sweeping across the world and people living longer than ever, more individuals will reside in retirement communities in unprecedented numbers. Enhancing the resident stay within these communities is imperative to reduce past stigmas associated with senior communities. This exploratory quantitative investigation examined interview contents of employees and residents to see if empathy was observed. The results showed the employees across all ranges had a much better grasp of affective empathy, yet with greater experience and age, it was clear that cognitive empathy had to be used with affective empathy in order to gain better trust across the community of residents. Outcomes from the study suggest that future training programs for employees are operationalized to include both affective and cognitive empathy practices. This study is unique in that two scales of empathy were transformed into qualitative questions, and in-depth employee and resident interviews were conducted. The study answers many calls of research to provide more specific studies in senior living communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=senior%20living%20community" title="senior living community">senior living community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformational%20service%20research" title=" transformational service research"> transformational service research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20research" title=" qualitative research"> qualitative research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135584/translating-empathy-in-a-senior-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Faithfulness of Film Adaptations: An Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mel%20Aljon%20A.%20Montesa">Mel Aljon A. Montesa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20A.%20Martinez"> Cynthia A. Martinez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the advent of the trend of lifting books into film flourishes, the study was conducted which concerns the evaluation of the level of faithfulness of film adaptations. This study assessed the level of faithfulness of the book based on the elements of fiction and determined whether the respondents were affected by it. Sixty (60) respondents were included in the study which composed of readers who have read the book before watching the film and viewers who watched the film first before reading the sourced text. The results revealed that most of the respondents evaluated the level of faithfulness of the four out of five elements of fiction including the plot, setting, conflict, and theme as moderately faithful while they found the characters somewhat faithful to the original characters. It was evident in the results that there are significant relationships among the plot and theme and its emotional effects to the respondents, thus, data also showed the significant relationships between the four out of five elements of fictions, excluding setting, and its social or behavioral effects to the respondents. A proposed rubric was made to evaluate film adaptations based on the film elements of fiction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elements%20of%20fiction" title="elements of fiction">elements of fiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20adaptations" title=" film adaptations"> film adaptations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20faithfulness" title=" level of faithfulness"> level of faithfulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20effects" title=" psychological effects"> psychological effects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23402/faithfulness-of-film-adaptations-an-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> An Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Study of CoTi Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20Alberto%20Duarte%20Moller">Jose Alberto Duarte Moller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Deisy%20Gomez%20Esparza"> Cynthia Deisy Gomez Esparza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cobalt-titanium system was grown as thin films in an INTERCOVAMEX V3 sputtering system, equipped with four magnetrons assisted by DC pulsed and direct DC. A polished highly oriented (400) silicon wafer was used as substrate and the growing temperature was 500 oC. Xray Absorption Spectroscopy experiments were carried out in the SSRL in the 4-3 beam line. The Extenden X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure spectra have been numerically processed by WINXAS software from the background subtraction until the normalization and FFT adjustment. Analyzing the absorption spectra of cobalt in the CoTi2 phase we can appreciate that they agree in energy with the reference spectra that corresponds to the CoO, which indicates that the valence where upon working is Co2+. The RDF experimental results were then compared with those RDF´s generated theoretically by using FEFF software, from a model compound of CoTi2 phase obtained by XRD. The fitting procedure is a highly iterative process. Fits are also checked in R-space using both the real and imaginary parts of Fourier transform. Finally, the presence of overlapping coordination shells and the correctness of the assumption about the nature of the coordinating atom were checked. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XAS" title="XAS">XAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EXAFS" title=" EXAFS"> EXAFS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEFF" title=" FEFF"> FEFF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CoTi" title=" CoTi"> CoTi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87384/an-extended-x-ray-absorption-fine-structure-study-of-coti-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Brine Waste from Seawater Desalination in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Mahadi">Cynthia Mahadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhafezah%20Kasmuri"> Norhafezah Kasmuri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water scarcity is a growing issue these days. As a result, saltwater is being considered a limitless supply of fresh water through the desalination process, which is likely to address the worldwide water crisis, including in Malaysia. This study aims to offer the best management practice for controlling brine discharge in Malaysia by comparing environmental regulations on brine waste management in other countries. Then, a survey was distributed to the public to acquire further information about their level of awareness of the harmful effects of brine waste and to find out their perspective on the proposed solutions to ensure the effectiveness of the measures. As a result, it has been revealed that Malaysia still lacks regulations regarding the disposal of brine waste. Thus, a recommendation based on practices in other nations has been put forth by this study. This study suggests that the government and Malaysia's environmental regulatory body should govern brine waste disposal in the Environmental Quality Act 1974. Also, to add the construction of a desalination plant in Schedule 1 of prescribed activities was necessary. Because desalination plants can harm the environment during both construction and operation, every proposal for the construction of a desalination plant should involve the submission of an environmental impact assessment (EIA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seawater%20desalination" title="seawater desalination">seawater desalination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brine%20waste" title=" brine waste"> brine waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact%20assessment" title=" environmental impact assessment"> environmental impact assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20Delphi%20method" title=" fuzzy Delphi method"> fuzzy Delphi method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168128/brine-waste-from-seawater-desalination-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Chemicals to Remove and Prevent Biofilm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20K.%20Burzell">Cynthia K. Burzell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aequor's Founder, a Marine and Medical Microbiologist, discovered novel, non-toxic chemicals in the ocean that uniquely remove biofilm in minutes and prevent its formation for days. These chemicals and over 70 synthesized analogs that Aequor developed can replace thousands of toxic biocides used in consumer and industrial products and, as new drug candidates, kill biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi Superbugs -the antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) pathogens for which there is no cure. Cynthia Burzell, PhD., is a Marine and Medical Microbiologist studying natural mechanisms that inhibit biofilm formation on surfaces in contact with water. In 2002, she discovered a new genus and several new species of marine microbes that produce small molecules that remove biofilm in minutes and prevent its formation for days. The molecules include new antimicrobials that can replace thousands of toxic biocides used in consumer and industrial products and can be developed into new drug candidates to kill the biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi -- including the antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) Superbugs for which there is no cure. Today, Aequor has over 70 chemicals that are divided into categories: (1) Novel natural chemicals. Lonza validated that the primary natural chemical removed biofilm in minutes and stated: "Nothing else known can do this at non-toxic doses." (2) Specialty chemicals. 25 of these structural analogs are already approved under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s Toxic Substances Control Act, certified as "green" and available for immediate sale. These have been validated for the following agro-industrial verticals: (a) Surface cleaners: The U.S. Department of Agriculture validated that low concentrations of Aequor's formulations provide deep cleaning of inert, nano and organic surfaces and materials; (b) Water treatments: NASA validated that one dose of Aequor's treatment in the International Space Station's water reuse/recycling system lasted 15 months without replenishment. DOE validated that our treatments lower energy consumption by over 10% in buildings and industrial processes. Future validations include pilot projects with the EPA to test efficacy in hospital plumbing systems. (c) Algae cultivation and yeast fermentation: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) validated that Aequor's treatment boosted biomass of renewable feedstocks by 40% in half the time -- increasing the profitability of biofuels and biobased co-products. DOE also validated increased yields and crop protection of algae under cultivation in open ponds. A private oil and gas company validated decontamination of oilfield water. (3) New structural analogs. These kill Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi alone, in combinations with each other, and in combination with low doses of existing, ineffective antibiotics (including Penicillin), "potentiating" them to kill AMR pathogens at doses too low to trigger resistance. Both the U.S. National Institutes for Health (NIH) and Department of Defense (DOD) has executed contracts with Aequor to provide the pre-clinical trials needed for these new drug candidates to enter the regulatory approval pipelines. Aequor seeks partners/licensees to commercialize its specialty chemicals and support to evaluate the optimal methods to scale-up of several new structural analogs via activity-guided fractionation and/or biosynthesis in order to initiate the NIH and DOD pre-clinical trials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofilm" title="biofilm">biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potentiation" title=" potentiation"> potentiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevention" title=" prevention"> prevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal" title=" removal"> removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147058/chemicals-to-remove-and-prevent-biofilm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Crossover Memories and Code-Switching in the Narratives of Arabic-Hebrew and Hebrew-English Bilingual Adults in Israel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amani%20Jaber-Awida">Amani Jaber-Awida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines two bilingual phenomena in the narratives of Arabic Hebrew and Hebrew-English bilingual adults in Israel: CO memories and code-switching (CS). The study examined these phenomena in the context of autobiographical memory, using a cue word technique. Student experimenters held two sessions in the homes of the participants. In separate language sessions, the participant was asked to look first at each of 16 cue words and then to state a concrete memory. After stating the memory, participants reported whether their memories were in the same language of the experiment session or different. Memories were classified as ‘Crossovers’ (CO) or ‘Same Language’ (SL) according to participants' self-reports. Participants were also required to elaborate about the setting, interlocutors and other languages involved in the specific memory. Beyond replicating the procedure of cuing technique, one memory from a specific lifespan period was chosen per participant, and the participant was required to provide further details about it. For the more detailed memories, CS count was conducted. Both bilingual groups confirmed the Reminiscence Bump phenomenon, retrieving more memories in the 10-30 age period. CO memories prevailed in second language sessions (L2). Same language memories were more abundant in first language sessions (L1). Higher CS frequency was found in L2 sessions. Finally, as predicted, 'individual' CS was prevalent in L2 sessions, but 'community-based' CS was not higher in L1 sessions. The two bilingual measures in this study, crossovers, and CS came from different research traditions, the former from an experimental paradigm in the psychology of autobiographical memory based on self-reported judgments, the latter a behavioral measure from linguistics. This merger of approaches offers new insight into the field of bilingual autobiographical memory. In addition, the study attempted to shed light on the investigation of motivations for CS, beginning with Walters’ SPPL Model and concluding with a distinction between ‘community-based’ and individual motivations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilinguals" title="bilinguals">bilinguals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code-switching" title=" code-switching"> code-switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crossover%20memories" title=" crossover memories"> crossover memories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narratives" title=" narratives"> narratives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88046/crossover-memories-and-code-switching-in-the-narratives-of-arabic-hebrew-and-hebrew-english-bilingual-adults-in-israel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Comparison of Student Grades in Dual-Enrollment Courses Taken Inside and Outside of Texas High Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20A.%20Gallardo">Cynthia A. Gallardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kelly%20S.%20Hall"> Kelly S. Hall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristopher%20Garza"> Kristopher Garza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Challoo"> Linda Challoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mais%20Nijim"> Mais Nijim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dual-enrollment programs have become more prevalent in college and high school settings. Also known as early college programs, dual-enrollment programs help students acquire a head start in earning college credit for post-secondary studies. The number and percentage of high school students who take college courses while in high school is growing. However, little is known about how dual-enrolled students fare. The classroom environment is important to learning. This study compares dually enrolled high school students who take courses that yield college credit either within their high school or at some other location. Mann-Whitney U was the statistical test used. Mean proportions were compared for each of the five standard letter grades earned across the state of Texas. Results indicated that students earn similar passing A, B, and C grades when they take dual-enrollment courses at their high school location but are more likely to fail if they take dual-enrollment courses at non-high school locations. Implications of results are that student success rate of dual-enrollment college courses may have a significant difference between the locations and student performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20leadership" title="educational leadership">educational leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-enrollment" title=" dual-enrollment"> dual-enrollment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20performance" title=" student performance"> student performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college" title=" college"> college</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168852/comparison-of-student-grades-in-dual-enrollment-courses-taken-inside-and-outside-of-texas-high-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Economic Meltdown and Inflation and Its Effect on Organization Performance: A Study of Nigerian Manufacturing Companies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Oluchi%20Akagha">Cynthia Oluchi Akagha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper highlights the increase in production cost and the corresponding outcomes in Nigeria using six major manufacturing companies as a case study. During an inflationary period, the cost-of-living increases, which reduces the purchasing power of money. Inflation has become a severe issue in many countries recently. To examine how inflation affects the success of businesses in Nigeria, a quantitative approach and a focus on causality were utilized to examine six (6) functional Nigerian manufacturing enterprises. The correlation between business production cost, cost of items supplied, and gross profit from 2021-2022 was analyzed. The analysis recorded that the cost of production increased in 2022 compared to 2021. The expansion varied between the six companies by 77.1%. Only one company out of six reported a decrease in gross profit in 2022 compared to the previous year. The other five companies' profits increased between 6.5% and 87%. Companies like these have thrived despite the rising cost of living because they have adjusted by increasing their product pricing. Since this change has the most significant influence on consumers, the best long-term reaction for a corporation to inflationary effects is often an improvement in cost efficiency, output, or both. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20meltdown" title="economic meltdown">economic meltdown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organization" title=" organization"> organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163042/economic-meltdown-and-inflation-and-its-effect-on-organization-performance-a-study-of-nigerian-manufacturing-companies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Attitude of Youth Farmers to Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Benue State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20E.%20Nwobodo">Cynthia E. Nwobodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20E.%20Agwu"> A. E. Agwu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was carried out in Benue State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents from two agricultural zones in the State. Data was collected using interview schedule. Descriptive statistics was used in data analysis. Findings showed that youth farmers in the area had positive attitude to climate change adaptation and mitigation as shown by their response to a set of positive and negative statement including: the youth are very important stakeholders in climate change issues (M= 2.91), youths should be encouraged to be climate change conscious (2.90), everybody should be involved in planting trees not just the government (M= 2.89), I will be glad to participate in climate change seminars (M= 2.89) among others. Findings on information seeking behavior indicate that majority (80.8 %) of the respondents sought climate change information from radio at an average of 19.78 times per month, 53.3 % sought from friends and neighbours at an average of 12.55 times per month and 42.5 % sought from family members at an average of 12.55 times per month among others. It was recommended that Youth farmers should be made important stakeholders in climate change policies and programmes since they have a very positive attitude to climate change adaptation and mitigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title="adaptation">adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20farmers" title=" youth farmers"> youth farmers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19959/attitude-of-youth-farmers-to-climate-change-adaptation-and-mitigation-in-benue-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">648</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Scaffold on Trial: The Rhetorical Controversy of a Public Artifact in Minneapolis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Pope">Cynthia Pope</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Though traditional art has been strong on showcasing aesthetics to imbue pleasantries, modern public art has been breaking trends to push citizens beyond the pleasure of seeing beauty. Contemporary public sculpture, in particular, has been the impetus of provoking questions about community standards, identity, and race relations. A phenomenon involving Scaffold, a sculpture by artist Sam Durant, became the focal point of contention within Minneapolis, Minnesota, recently. With intentions to better understand the power public sculpture has to disrupt community identity, in this book, It will use primarily rhetorical theory to explain how all parties involved—The Walker Art Museum, the Dakota Nation, Durant, and local citizens—participated in a controversy touching on racial politics, identity, culture, history and public art. This mixed-methods case study examines the public artifact contextually through historical and cultural frameworks. Findings in this project will reveal Scaffold to be represented as a tool of empowered Caucasians to the exclusion of marginalized people. This project also informs the fields of public rhetoric and political identity, marginalized voices, and community and social justice initiatives to include the difficult topic of race and identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20art%20controversy" title="public art controversy">public art controversy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20communication" title=" technical communication"> technical communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20narrative" title=" community narrative"> community narrative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20rhetoric" title=" ambient rhetoric"> ambient rhetoric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172241/scaffold-on-trial-the-rhetorical-controversy-of-a-public-artifact-in-minneapolis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Forecasting of COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalization Admissions, and Death Cases Based on Wastewater Sars-COV-2 Surveillance Using Copula Time Series Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hueiwang%20Anna%20Jeng">Hueiwang Anna Jeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norou%20Diawara"> Norou Diawara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nancy%20Welch"> Nancy Welch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Jackson"> Cynthia Jackson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rekha%20Singh"> Rekha Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyle%20Curtis"> Kyle Curtis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raul%20Gonzalez"> Raul Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Jurgens"> David Jurgens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasanka%20Adikari"> Sasanka Adikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modeling effort is needed to predict the COVID-19 trends for developing management strategies and adaptation measures. The objective of this study was to assess whether SARS-CoV-2 viral load in wastewater could serve as a predictor for forecasting COVID-19 cases, hospitalization cases, and death cases using copula-based time series modeling. SARS-CoV-2 RNA load in raw wastewater in Chesapeake VA was measured using the RT-qPCR method. Gaussian copula time series marginal regression model, incorporating an autoregressive moving average model and the copula function, served as a forecasting model. COVID-19 cases were correlated with wastewater viral load, hospitalization cases, and death cases. The forecasted trend of COVID-19 cases closely paralleled one of the reported cases, with over 90% of the forecasted COVID-19 cases falling within the 99% confidence interval of the reported cases. Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 viral load could serve as a predictor for COVID-19 cases and hospitalization cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copula%20function" title=" copula function"> copula function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175685/forecasting-of-covid-19-cases-hospitalization-admissions-and-death-cases-based-on-wastewater-sars-cov-2-surveillance-using-copula-time-series-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Public Participation as a Social Inclusion Tool in the Urban Planning Process: A Case Study of Abuja, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nwachi%20Prosper%20Louis">Nwachi Prosper Louis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Ogonna%20Ikesee"> Cynthia Ogonna Ikesee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The urban planning system of cities varies by country, but in general, it is an instrument for establishing long-term sustainable frameworks and plans for social, institutional and economic development. There is limited knowledge, development, and implementation of effective and sustainable urban planning structures and plans that encourage social inclusion in most communities. This has led to social, economic and environmental deficiencies resulting in community isolation and segregation in class, ethnicity, and race. Encouraging public participation in the urban planning process is one of the instruments that cities can utilise to achieve better social inclusion outcomes. This paper explores how public participation can be used as a social inclusion tool in the urban planning process to achieve better outcomes in Abuja urban planning system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of this approach. Also, a conceptual model was developed which evaluates the relationship between public participation and social inclusion outcomes in the urban planning process. It was seen that every community has its peculiar way of life and challenges, and an understanding of these social societal needs is paramount in the urban planning process. Therefore, the involvement of the public in identifying their needs, selecting priorities and identifying strategies offer better chances for developing solutions that are sustainable, feasible and implementable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20participation" title="public participation">public participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20inclusion" title=" social inclusion"> social inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning%20process" title=" urban planning process"> urban planning process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101255/public-participation-as-a-social-inclusion-tool-in-the-urban-planning-process-a-case-study-of-abuja-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Carcass Characteristics and Qualities of Philippine White Mallard (Anas boschas L.) and Pekin (Anas platyrhynchos L.) Duck</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerico%20M.%20Consolacion">Jerico M. Consolacion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Cynthia%20R.%20Oliveros"> Maria Cynthia R. Oliveros </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Philippine White Mallard duck was compared with Pekin duck for potential meat production. A total of 50 ducklings were randomly assigned to five (5) pens per treatment after one month of brooding. Each pen containing five (5) ducks was considered as a replicate. The ducks were raised until 12 weeks of age and slaughtered at the end of the growing period. Meat from both breeds was analyzed. The data were subjected to the Independent-Sample T-test at 5% level of confidence. Results showed that post-mortem pH (0, 20 minutes, 50 minutes, 1 hour and 20 minutes, 1 hour and 50 minutes, and 24 hours ) did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between breeds. However, Pekin ducks (89.84±0.71) had a significantly higher water-holding capacity than Philippine White Mallard ducks (87.93±0.63) (P<0.05). Also, meat color (CIE L, a, b) revealed that no significant differences among the lightness, redness, and yellowness of the skin (breast) in both breeds (P>0.05) except for the yellowness of the lean muscles of the Pekin duck breast. Pekin duck meat (1.15±0.04) had significantly higher crude fat content than Philippine White Mallard (0.47±0.58). The study clearly showed that breed is a factor and provided some pronounced effects among the parameters. However, these results are considered as preliminary information on the meat quality of Philippine White Mallard duck. Hence, further studies are needed to understand and fully utilize it for meat production and develop different meat products from this breed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20fat" title="crude fat">crude fat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20color" title=" meat color"> meat color</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meat%20pH" title=" meat pH"> meat pH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-holding%20capacity" title=" water-holding capacity"> water-holding capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61059/carcass-characteristics-and-qualities-of-philippine-white-mallard-anas-boschas-l-and-pekin-anas-platyrhynchos-l-duck" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Sustainable Affordable Housing Development in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20Cynthia%20Raphita%20Hasibuan">Gina Cynthia Raphita Hasibuan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The housing sector in Indonesia is in critical condition where majority of low-income citizens live in substandard dwellings, and the number housing backlog is increasing every year. The housing problem becomes more urgent when the term 'sustainability' is considered, and sustainable affordable housing is yet to gain its successful implementation. Global urbanization develops fastest in developing countries like Indonesia where informal settlements are rapidly escalating, hence, making sustainable affordable housing strategies very critical in this context. The problem in developing countries like Indonesia lies on the institutional capacity of newly-established local governments having greater power to determine a development policy but apparently still lacking institutional capability and coordination with the central government and collaborative governance are still not established yet. The concept of upgrading informal settlements are seen changed over time and inconsistent. Despite much research on theme such as sustainable housing concept within Indonesian context, there has been a dearth of research examining the role of collaborative governance, as the current approach still shows fragmented approach between the stakeholders and the lack of community participation as the end user, and thus this research attempts to fill the gap on the aforementioned problems. By using case study with multi-methods conducted in Jakarta, this research has an overall aim to critically assess the role of collaborative governance in addressing sustainable affordable housing in Indonesia and to understand informal settlements and interventions in Indonesia rather than imposing a framework from western perspectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordable%20housing" title="affordable housing">affordable housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20governance" title=" collaborative governance"> collaborative governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73813/sustainable-affordable-housing-development-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The Effect of Multi-Stakeholder Extension Services towards Crop Choice and Farmer's Income, the Case of the Arc High Value Crop Programme</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Sello%20Kau">Joseph Sello Kau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Mashayamombe"> Elias Mashayamombe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Washington%20Madinkana"> Brian Washington Madinkana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Ngwane"> Cynthia Ngwane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the results for the statistical (stepwise linear regression and multiple regression) analyses, carried out on a number of crops in order to evaluate how the decision for crop choice affect the level of farm income generated by the farmers participating in the High Value Crop production (referred to as the HVC). The goal of the HVC is to encourage farmers cultivate fruit crops. The farmers received planting material from different extension agencies, together with other complementary packages such as fertilizer, garden tools, water tanks etc. During the surveys, it was discovered that a significant number of farmers were cultivating traditional crops even when their plot sizes were small. Traditional crops are competing for resources with high value crops. The results of the analyses show that farmers cultivating fruit crops, maize and potatoes were generating high income than those cultivating spinach and cabbage. High farm income is associated with plot size, access to social grants and gender. Choice for a crop is influenced by the availability of planting material and the market potential for the crop. Extension agencies providing the planting materials stand a good chance of having farmers follow their directives. As a recommendation, for the farmers to cultivate more of the HVCs, the ARC must intensify provision of fruit trees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farm%20income" title="farm income">farm income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nature%20of%20extension%20services" title=" nature of extension services"> nature of extension services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%20of%20crops%20cultivated" title=" type of crops cultivated"> type of crops cultivated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruit%20crops" title=" fruit crops"> fruit crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cabbage" title=" cabbage"> cabbage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize" title=" maize"> maize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potato%20and%20spinach" title=" potato and spinach"> potato and spinach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41764/the-effect-of-multi-stakeholder-extension-services-towards-crop-choice-and-farmers-income-the-case-of-the-arc-high-value-crop-programme" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Some Extreme Halophilic Microorganisms Produce Extracellular Proteases with Long Lasting Tolerance to Ethanol Exposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20G.%20Esquerre">Cynthia G. Esquerre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amparo%20Iris%20Zavaleta"> Amparo Iris Zavaleta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extremophiles constitute a potentially valuable source of proteases for the development of biotechnological processes; however, the number of available studies in the literature is limited compared to mesophilic counterparts. Therefore, in this study, Peruvian halophilic microorganisms were characterized to select suitable proteolytic strains that produce active proteases under exigent conditions. Proteolysis was screened using the streak plate method with gelatin or skim milk as substrates. After that, proteolytic microorganisms were selected for phenotypic characterization and screened by a semi-quantitative proteolytic test using a modified method of diffusion agar. Finally, proteolysis was evaluated using partially purified extracts by ice-cold ethanol precipitation and dialysis. All analyses were carried out over a wide range of NaCl concentrations, pH, temperature and substrates. Of a total of 60 strains, 21 proteolytic strains were selected, of these 19 were extreme halophiles and 2 were moderates. Most proteolytic strains demonstrated differences in their biochemical patterns, particularly in sugar fermentation. A total of 14 microorganisms produced extracellular proteases, 13 were neutral, and one was alkaline showing activity up to pH 9.0. Proteases hydrolyzed gelatin as the most specific substrate. In general, catalytic activity was efficient under a wide range of NaCl (1 to 4 M NaCl), temperature (37 to 55 °C) and after an ethanol exposition performed at -20 °C for 24 hours. In conclusion, this study reported 14 candidates extremely halophiles producing extracellular proteases capable of being stable and active on a wide range of NaCl, temperature and even long lasting ethanol exposition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotechnological%20processes" title="biotechnological processes">biotechnological processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol%20exposition" title=" ethanol exposition"> ethanol exposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extracellular%20proteases" title=" extracellular proteases"> extracellular proteases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremophiles" title=" extremophiles"> extremophiles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73031/some-extreme-halophilic-microorganisms-produce-extracellular-proteases-with-long-lasting-tolerance-to-ethanol-exposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Development of a Bi-National Thyroid Cancer Clinical Quality Registry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liane%20J.%20Ioannou">Liane J. Ioannou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Serpell"> Jonathan Serpell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanne%20Dean"> Joanne Dean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cino%20Bendinelli"> Cino Bendinelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenny%20Gough"> Jenny Gough</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dean%20Lisewski"> Dean Lisewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julie%20Miller"> Julie Miller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Win%20Meyer-Rochow"> Win Meyer-Rochow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stan%20Sidhu"> Stan Sidhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duncan%20Topliss"> Duncan Topliss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Walters"> David Walters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Zalcberg"> John Zalcberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susannah%20Ahern"> Susannah Ahern</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The occurrence of thyroid cancer is increasing throughout the developed world, including Australia and New Zealand, and since the 1990s has become the fastest increasing malignancy. Following the success of a number of institutional databases that monitor outcomes after thyroid surgery, the Australian and New Zealand Endocrine Surgeons (ANZES) agreed to auspice the development of a bi-national thyroid cancer registry. Objectives: To establish a bi-national population-based clinical quality registry with the aim of monitoring and improving the quality of care provided to patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer in Australia and New Zealand. Patients and Methods: The Australian and New Zealand Thyroid Cancer Registry (ANZTCR) captures clinical data for all patients, over the age of 18 years, diagnosed with thyroid cancer, confirmed by histopathology report, that have been diagnosed, assessed or treated at a contributing hospital. Data is collected by endocrine surgeons using a web-based interface, REDCap, primarily via direct data entry. Results: A multi-disciplinary Steering Committee was formed, and with operational support from Monash University the ANZTCR was established in early 2017. The pilot phase of the registry is currently operating in Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia, with over 30 sites expected to come on board across Australia and New Zealand in 2018. A modified-Delphi process was undertaken to determine the key quality indicators to be reported by the registry, and a minimum dataset was developed comprising information regarding thyroid cancer diagnosis, pathology, surgery, and 30-day follow up. Conclusion: There are very few established thyroid cancer registries internationally, yet clinical quality registries have shown valuable outcomes and patient benefits in other cancers. The establishment of the ANZTCR provides the opportunity for Australia and New Zealand to further understand the current practice in the treatment of thyroid cancer and reasons for variation in outcomes. The engagement of endocrine surgeons in supporting this initiative is crucial. While the pilot registry has a focus on early clinical outcomes, it is anticipated that future collection of longer-term outcome data particularly for patients with the poor prognostic disease will add significant further value to the registry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20cancer" title="thyroid cancer">thyroid cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20registry" title=" clinical registry"> clinical registry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20health" title=" population health"> population health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20improvement" title=" quality improvement"> quality improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95307/development-of-a-bi-national-thyroid-cancer-clinical-quality-registry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Protective Effect of Diosgenin against Silica-Induced Tuberculosis in Rat Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Williams%20A.%20Adu">Williams A. Adu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20A.%20Danquah"> Cynthia A. Danquah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20P.%20S.%20Ossei"> Paul P. S. Ossei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selase%20Ativui"> Selase Ativui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Ofori"> Michael Ofori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Asenso"> James Asenso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Owusu"> George Owusu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background Silicosis is an occupational disease of the lung that is caused by chronic exposure to silica dust. There is a higher frequency of co-existence of silicosis with tuberculosis (TB), ultimately resulting in lung fibrosis and respiratory failure. Chronic intake of synthetic drugs has resulted in undesirable side effects. Diosgenin is a steroidal saponin that has been shown to exert a therapeutic effect on lung injury. Therefore, we investigated the ability of diosgenin to reduce the susceptibility of silica-induced TB in rats. Method Silicosis was induced by intratracheal instillation of 50 mg/kg crystalline silica in Sprague Dawley rats. Different doses of diosgenin (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg), Mycobacterium smegmatis and saline were administered for 30 days. Afterwards, 5 of the rats from each group were sacrificed, and the 5 remaining rats in each group, except the control, received Mycobacterium smegmatis. Treatment of diosgenin continued until the 50th day, and the rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The result was analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Graph-pad prism Result At a half-maximal inhibition concentration of 48.27 µM, diosgenin inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis. There was a marked decline in the levels of immune cell infiltration and cytokines production. Lactate dehydrogenase and total protein levels were significantly reduced compared to control. There was an increase in the survival rate of the treatment group compared to the control. Conclusion Diosgenin ameliorated silica-induced pulmonary tuberculosis by declining the levels of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines and, in effect, significantly reduced the susceptibility of rats to pulmonary TB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicosis" title="silicosis">silicosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title=" tuberculosis"> tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diosgenin" title=" diosgenin"> diosgenin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibrosis" title=" fibrosis"> fibrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystalline%20silica" title=" crystalline silica"> crystalline silica</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171785/protective-effect-of-diosgenin-against-silica-induced-tuberculosis-in-rat-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Family Treatment Drug Court Cost Analysis: An In-depth Look At The Cost And Savings Of A Southeastern Family Treatment Drug Court</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashley%20R.%20%20Logsdon">Ashley R. Logsdon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Becky%20F.%20%20Antle"> Becky F. Antle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20M.%20Kamer"> Cynthia M. Kamer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the cost and benefits of a family treatment drug court in an urban county in a southeastern state. Additionally, this cost analysis will provide a detailed description of the type and cost of activities to produce the services provided to child welfare families. This study utilized return-on-investment analysis, which uses child welfare practices, disaggregates them into separate activities and estimates costs for these activities including child-level placement data for total cost of care for the child. Direct and indirect costs were considered as well as saving calculations what costs would be associated with child welfare outcomes both short and long term. The costs included were general program costs (salaries, drug screens, transportation, childcare, parent education, program evaluation, visitation, incentives) or personnel costs for other team members (judges, court administrators, child welfare workers, child welfare supervisors, and community mental health provider). The savings that were used in the study were length of time in out of home care, Medicaid costs, substance exposed births, emergency room utilization and jail/probation costs. This study documents an overall savings of between $168,993.30 and $837,993.30. The total savings per family divided by the 40 families who have participated in the program was between $4,224.83 to $20,949.83 per family. The results of this cost benefit analysis are consistent with prior research documenting savings associated with out of home care and jail/probation; however, there are also unique contributions of this study to the literature on cost effectiveness of family treatment drug courts. We will present recommendations for further utilization of family treatment drug courts and how to expand the current model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20welfare" title="child welfare">child welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20analysis" title=" cost analysis"> cost analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20drug%20court" title=" family drug court"> family drug court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20treatment%20drug%20court" title=" family treatment drug court"> family treatment drug court</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134564/family-treatment-drug-court-cost-analysis-an-in-depth-look-at-the-cost-and-savings-of-a-southeastern-family-treatment-drug-court" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Efforts to Revitalize Piipaash Language: An Explorative Study to Develop Culturally Appropriate and Contextually Relevant Teaching Materials for Preschoolers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahzadi%20Laibah%20Burq">Shahzadi Laibah Burq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20Scarpete%20Walters"> Gina Scarpete Walters</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Piipaash, representing one large family of North American languages, Yuman, is reported as one of the seriously endangered languages in the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community of Arizona. In a collaborative venture between Arizona State University (ASU) and Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC), efforts have been made to revitalize and preserve the Piipaash language and its cultural heritage. The present study is one example of several other language documentation and revitalization initiatives that Humanities Lab ASU has taken. This study was approved to receive a “Beyond the lab” grant after the researchers successfully created a Teaching Guide for Early Childhood Piipaash storybook during their time working in the Humanities Lab. The current research is an extension of the previous project and focuses on creating customized teaching materials and tools for the teachers and parents of the students of the Early Enrichment Program at SRPMIC. However, to determine and maximize the usefulness of the teaching materials with regards to their reliability, validity, and practicality in the given context, this research aims to conduct Environmental Analysis and Need Analysis. Environmental Analysis seeks to evaluate the Early Enrichment Program situation and Need Analysis to investigate the specific and situated requirements of the teachers to assist students in building target language skills. The study employs a qualitative methods approach for the collection of the data. Multiple data collection strategies are used concurrently to gather information from the participants. The research tools include semi-structured interviews with the program administrators and teachers, classroom observations, and teacher shadowing. The researchers utilize triangulation of the data to maintain validity in the process of data interpretation. The preliminary results of the study show a need for culturally appropriate materials that can further the learning of students of the target language as well as the culture, i.e., clay pots and basket-making materials. It was found that the course and teachers focus on developing the Listening and Speaking skills of the students. Moreover, to assist the young learners beyond the classroom, the teachers could make use of send-home teaching materials to reinforce the learning (i.e., coloring books, including illustrations of culturally relevant animals, food, and places). Audio language resources are also identified as helpful additional materials for the parents to assist the learning of the kids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20education" title="indigenous education">indigenous education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials%20development" title=" materials development"> materials development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=need%20analysis" title=" need analysis"> need analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piipaash%20language%20revitalizaton" title=" piipaash language revitalizaton"> piipaash language revitalizaton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156792/efforts-to-revitalize-piipaash-language-an-explorative-study-to-develop-culturally-appropriate-and-contextually-relevant-teaching-materials-for-preschoolers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156792.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Assessment of the Possible Effects of Biological Control Agents of Lantana camara and Chromolaena odorata in Davao City, Mindanao, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristine%20P.%20Canlas">Cristine P. Canlas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crislene%20Mae%20L.%20Gever"> Crislene Mae L. Gever</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Bea%20R.%20Rosialda"> Patricia Bea R. Rosialda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma.%20Nina%20Regina%20M.%20Quibod"> Ma. Nina Regina M. Quibod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perry%20Archival%20C.%20Buenavente"> Perry Archival C. Buenavente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Normandy%20M.%20Barbecho"> Normandy M. Barbecho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Adeline%20A.%20Layusa"> Cynthia Adeline A. Layusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Day"> Michael Day</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Invasive plants have an impact on global biodiversity and ecosystem function, and their management is a complex and formidable task. Two of these invasive plant species, Lantana camara and Chromolaena odorata, are found in the Philippines. Lantana camara has the ability to suppress the growth of and outcompete neighboring plants. Chromolaena odorata causes serious agricultural and economical damage and causes fire hazards during dry season. In addition, both species has been reported to poison livestock. One of the known global management strategies to control invasive plants is the introduction of biological control agents. These natural enemies of the invasive plants reduce population density and impacts of the invasive plants, resulting in the balance of the nature in their invasion. Through secondary data sources, interviews, and field validation (e.g. microhabitat searches, sweep netting, opportunistic sampling, photo-documentation), we investigated whether the biocontrol agents previously released by the Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA) in their Davao Research Center to control these invasive plants are still present and are affecting their respective host weeds. We confirm the presence of the biocontrol agent of L. camara, Uroplata girardi, which was introduced in 1985, and Cecidochares connexa, a biocontrol agent of C. odorata released in 2003. Four other biocontrol agents were found to affect L. camara. Signs of damage (e.g. stem galls in C. odorata, and leaf mines in L. camara) signify that these biocontrol agents have successfully established outside of their release site in Davao. Further investigating the extent of the spread of these biocontrol agents in the Philippines and their damage to the two weeds will contribute to the management of invasive plant species in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invasive%20alien%20species" title="invasive alien species">invasive alien species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20control%20agent" title=" biological control agent"> biological control agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entomology" title=" entomology"> entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=worst%20weeds" title=" worst weeds"> worst weeds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67203/assessment-of-the-possible-effects-of-biological-control-agents-of-lantana-camara-and-chromolaena-odorata-in-davao-city-mindanao-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67203.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Cross Reactivity of Risperidone in Fentanyl Point of Care Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barry%20D.%20Kyle">Barry D. Kyle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Boyd"> Jessica Boyd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robin%20Pickersgill"> Robin Pickersgill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicole%20Squires"> Nicole Squires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Balion"> Cynthia Balion</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background-Aim: Fentanyl is a highly-potent synthetic μ-opioid receptor agonist used for exceptional pain management. Its main metabolite, norfentanyl, is typically present in urine at significantly high concentrations (i.e. ~20%) representing an effective targeting molecule for immunoassay detection. Here, we evaluated the NCS<sup>TM</sup> One Step Fentanyl Test Device© and the BTNX Rapid Response<sup>TM</sup> Single Drug Test Strip© point of care (POC) test strips targeting norfentanyl (20 ng/ml) and fentanyl (100 ng/ml) molecules for potential risperidone interference. Methods: POC tests calibrated against norfentanyl (20 ng/ml) used [immunochromatographic] lateral flow devices to provide qualitative results within five minutes of urine sample contact. Results were recorded as negative if lines appeared in the test and control regions according to manufacturer’s instructions. Positive results were recorded if no line appeared in the test region (i.e., control line only visible). Pooled patient urine (n=20), that screened negative for drugs of abuse (using NCS One Step Multi-Line Screen) and fentanyl (using BTNX Rapid Response Strip) was used for spiking studies. Urine was spiked with risperidone alone and with combinations of fentanyl, norfentanyl and/or risperidone to evaluate cross-reactivity in each test device. Results: A positive screen result was obtained when 8,000 ng/mL of risperidone was spiked into drug free urine using the NCS test device. Positive screen results were also obtained in spiked urine samples containing fentanyl and norfentanyl combinations below the cut-off concentrations when 4000 ng/mL risperidone was present using the NCS testing device. There were no screen positive test results using the BTNX test strip with up to 8,000 ng/mL alone or in combination with concentrations of fentanyl and norfentanyl below the cut-off. Both devices screened positive when either fentanyl or norfentanyl exceeded the cut-off threshold in the absence and presence of risperidone. Conclusion: We report that urine samples containing risperidone may give a false positive result using the NCS One Step Fentanyl Test Device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fentanyl" title="fentanyl">fentanyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interferences" title=" interferences"> interferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point%20of%20care%20test" title=" point of care test"> point of care test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Risperidone" title=" Risperidone"> Risperidone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87607/cross-reactivity-of-risperidone-in-fentanyl-point-of-care-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Extracellular Hydrolase-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Chilca Salterns in Peru</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carol%20N.%20Flores-Fern%C3%A1ndez">Carol N. Flores-Fernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guadalupe%20Espilco"> Guadalupe Espilco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Esquerre"> Cynthia Esquerre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amparo%20I.%20Zavaleta"> Amparo I. Zavaleta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saline environments represent a valuable source of enzymes with novel properties and particular features for application in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industry. This study focuses on the isolation and screening of hydrolase-producing bacteria from Chilca salterns and the evaluation of their biotechnological potential. Soil samples were collected from Chilca salterns in Peru. For the isolation, medium containing 0.2 % of yeast extract, 5 % of NaCl and 10 % of the soil sample was used. After 72 h of incubation at 37 °C, serial dilutions were made up to 10−12 dilutions, spread on agar plates with 0.5 % of yeast extract and 5 % of NaCl, and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Screening of hydrolase-producing bacteria was carried out for cellulases, amylases, lipases, DNase, and proteases on specific media. Moreover, protease-producing bacteria were tested using protein extracted from the following legumes as substrate: Glycine max, Lupinus mutabilis, Pisum sativum, Erythrina edulis, Cicer arietinum, Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba. A total of 16 strains were isolated from soil samples. On the screening media; 75, 44, 81 and 50 % were cellulase, amylase, DNase and protease producers, respectively. Also, 19 % of the isolates produced all the hydrolytic enzymes above mentioned. Lipase producers were not found. The 37 % and 12 % of the strains grew at 20 % and 30 % of salt concentration, respectively. In addition, 75 % of the strains grew at pH range between 5 and 10. From the total of protease-producing bacteria, 100 % hydrolyzed Glycine max, Lupinus mutabilis, and Pisum sativum protein, while 87 % hydrolyzed Erythrina edulis and Cicer arietinum protein. Finally, 75 % and 50 % of the strains hydrolyzed Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba protein, respectively. Hydrolase-producing bacteria isolated from Chilca salterns in Peru grew at high salt concentrations and wide range of pH. In addition, protease-producing bacteria hydrolyzed protein from different sources such as leguminous. These enzymes have great biotechnological potential and could be used for different industrial processes and applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extracellular" title=" extracellular"> extracellular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrolases" title=" hydrolases"> hydrolases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peru" title=" Peru"> Peru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salterns" title=" salterns"> salterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72791/extracellular-hydrolase-producing-bacteria-isolated-from-chilca-salterns-in-peru" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Management Support, Role Ambiguity and Role Ambiguity among Professional Nurses at National Health Insurance Pilot Sites in South Africa: An Interpretive Phenomenology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nomcebo%20N.%20Mpili">Nomcebo N. Mpili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20Z.%20Madlabana"> Cynthia Z. Madlabana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The South African Primary Health Care (PHC) system has undergone a number of transformations such as the introduction of National Health Insurance (NHI) to bring about easily accessible universal health coverage and to meet the health needs for all its citizens. This provides ongoing challenges to ensure that health workers are equipped with appropriate knowledge, support, and skills to meet these changes. Therefore it is crucial to understand the experiences and challenges of nurses as the backbone of PHC in providing quality healthcare services. In addition there has been a need to understand nurses’ experiences with management support, role ambiguity and role conflict amongst other challenges in light of the current reforms in healthcare. Indeed these constructs are notorious for having a detrimental impact on the outcomes of change initiatives within any organisation, this is no different in healthcare. This draws a discussion on professional nurses within the South African health care system especially since they have been labelled as the backbone of PHC, meaning any healthcare backlog falls on them. The study made use of semi-structured interviews and adopted the interpretative phenomenological approach (IPA) as the researcher aimed to explore the lived experiences of (n= 18) participants. The study discovered that professional nurses experienced a lack of management support within PHC facilities and that management mainly played an administrative and disciplinary role. Although participants mainly held positive perceptions with regards to changes happening in health care however they also expressed negative experiences in terms of how change initiatives were introduced resulting in role conflict and role ambiguity. Participants mentioned a shortage of staff, inadequate training as well as a lack of management support as some of the key challenges faced in facilities. This study offers unique findings as participants have not only experienced the various reforms within the PHC system however they have also been part of NHI pilot. The authors are not aware of any other studies published that examine management support, role conflict and role ambiguity together especially in South African PHC facilities. In conclusion understanding these challenges may provide insight and opportunities available to improve the current landscape of PHC not only in South Africa but internationally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20support" title="management support">management support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20nurse" title=" professional nurse"> professional nurse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role%20ambiguity" title=" role ambiguity"> role ambiguity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role%20conflict" title=" role conflict"> role conflict</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95448/management-support-role-ambiguity-and-role-ambiguity-among-professional-nurses-at-national-health-insurance-pilot-sites-in-south-africa-an-interpretive-phenomenology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Medical Authorizations for Cannabis-Based Products in Canada: Sante Cannabis Data on Patient’s Safety and Treatment Profiles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rihab%20Gamaoun">Rihab Gamaoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cynthia%20El%20Hage"> Cynthia El Hage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Ruiz"> Laura Ruiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erin%20Prosk"> Erin Prosk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Vigano"> Antonio Vigano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Santé Cannabis (SC), a Canadian medical cannabis-specialized group of clinics based in Montreal and in the province of Québec, has served more than 5000 patients seeking cannabis-based treatment prescription for medical indications over the past five years. Within a research frame, data on the use of medical cannabis products from all the above patients were prospectively collected, leading to a large real-world database on the use of medical cannabis. The aim of this study was to gather information on the profiles of both patients and prescribed medical cannabis products at SC clinics and to assess the safety of medical cannabis among Canadian patients. Methods: Using a retrospective analysis of the database, records of 2585 patients who were prescribed medical cannabis products for therapeutic purposes between 01-November 2017 and 04-September 2019 were included. Patients’ demographics, primary diagnosis, route of administration, and chemovars recorded at the initial visits were investigated. Results: At baseline: 9% of SC patients were female, with a mean age of 57 (SD= 15.8, range= [18-96]); Cannabis products were prescribed mainly for patients with a diagnosis of chronic pain (65.9% of patients), cancer (9.4%), neurological disorders (6.5%), mood disorders (5.8 %) and inflammatory diseases (4.1%). Route of administration and chemovars of prescribed cannabis products were the following: 96% of patients received cannabis oil (51% CBD rich, 42.5% CBD:THC); 32.1% dried cannabis (21.3% CBD:THC, 7.4% THC rich, 3.4 CBD rich), and 2.1% oral spray cannabis (1.1% CBD:THC, 0.8% CBD rich, 0.2% THC rich). Most patients were prescribed simultaneously, a combination of products with different administration routes and chemovars. Safety analysis is undergoing. Conclusion: Our results provided initial information on the profile of medical cannabis products prescribed in a Canadian population and the experienced adverse events over the past three years. The Santé Cannabis database represents a unique opportunity for comparing clinical practices in prescribing and titrating cannabis-based medications across different centers. Ultimately real-world data, including information about safety and effectiveness, will help to create standardized and validated guidelines for choosing dose, route of administration, and chemovars types for the cannabis-based medication in different diseases and indications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20cannabis" title="medical cannabis">medical cannabis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-world%20data" title=" real-world data"> real-world data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacovigilance" title=" pharmacovigilance"> pharmacovigilance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116812/medical-authorizations-for-cannabis-based-products-in-canada-sante-cannabis-data-on-patients-safety-and-treatment-profiles" class="btn 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