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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Historia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Historia azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aurkikuntza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aurkikuntza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Aurkikuntza </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aurkikuntza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lehen_ekoizketa_eta_erabilerak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lehen_ekoizketa_eta_erabilerak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Lehen ekoizketa eta erabilerak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lehen_ekoizketa_eta_erabilerak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ezaugarri_nagusiak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ezaugarri_nagusiak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Ezaugarri nagusiak </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ezaugarri_nagusiak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Ezaugarri nagusiak azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Ezaugarri_nagusiak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gas_eta_plasma_egoera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gas_eta_plasma_egoera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Gas eta plasma egoera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gas_eta_plasma_egoera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egoera_solido_eta_likidoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egoera_solido_eta_likidoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Egoera solido eta likidoa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egoera_solido_eta_likidoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Helio_I_egoera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helio_I_egoera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Helio I egoera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helio_I_egoera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Helio_II_egoera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helio_II_egoera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Helio II egoera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helio_II_egoera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotopoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Isotopoak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotopoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osagaiak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osagaiak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Osagaiak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osagaiak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekoizpena_eta_prospekzioa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekoizpena_eta_prospekzioa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Ekoizpena eta prospekzioa </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ekoizpena_eta_prospekzioa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Erakutsi/ezkutatu Ekoizpena eta prospekzioa azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Ekoizpena_eta_prospekzioa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Helioa_naturan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helioa_naturan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Helioa naturan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helioa_naturan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekoizpena_gaur_egun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekoizpena_gaur_egun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Ekoizpena gaur egun </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekoizpena_gaur_egun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikazioak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikazioak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Aplikazioak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aplikazioak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izakiengan_duen_eragina_eta_segurtasuna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izakiengan_duen_eragina_eta_segurtasuna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Izakiengan duen eragina eta segurtasuna </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izakiengan_duen_eragina_eta_segurtasuna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Ikus, gainera </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Erreferentziak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Bibliografia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Kanpo estekak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Eduki-taula" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Helio</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 196 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-196" aria-hidden="true" > 196 hizkuntza </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%92%E1%88%8A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሒሊየም – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሒሊየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हीलियम – angikera" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हीलियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيليوم – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيليوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيليوم – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هيليوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيليوم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيليوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="হিলিয়াম – assamera" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হিলিয়াম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamera" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliu" title="Heliu – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Heliu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेलियम – awadhiera" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हेलियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="هلیوم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هلیوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – baliera" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="baliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helis" title="Helis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Helis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elyo" title="Elyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Elyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Гелій – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гелій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Гель – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гель" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Хелий – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хелий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हीलियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हीलियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဟီလီယမ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဟီလီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="হিলিয়াম – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিলিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧེ་རླུང་། – tibetera" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧེ་རླུང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetera" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliom" title="Heliom – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Heliom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Гели – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гели" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A2i" title="Hâi – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hâi" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyo" title="Helyo – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Helyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%8C%E1%8E%A7%E1%8E%AF%E1%8E%A8_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%83%E1%8E%B4" title="ᎦᏌᎧᎯᎨ ᎤᏃᎴ – txerokiera" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏌᎧᎯᎨ ᎤᏃᎴ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="txerokiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ھیلیۆم – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیلیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliu" title="Eliu – korsikera" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Eliu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%97%D1%A5" title="Илїѥ – elizako eslaviera" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Илїѥ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="elizako eslaviera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliwm" title="Heliwm – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Heliwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyum" title="Helyum – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Helyum" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ήλιο – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ήλιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ali" title="Êli – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Êli" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliumo" title="Heliumo – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Heliumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelium" title="Heelium – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Heelium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="هلیوم – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هلیوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelium" title="Heelium – iparraldeko frisiera" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Heelium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="iparraldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli" title="Eli – friulera" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Eli" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9iliam" title="Héiliam – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Héiliam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataveve" title="Tataveve – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tataveve" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="હીલિયમ – gujaratera" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હીલિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujaratera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hailium" title="Hailium – manxera" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Hailium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manxera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoi" title="Hoi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hoi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiliuma" title="Hiliuma – hawaiiera" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hiliuma" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="הליום – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הליום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हिलियम – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिलियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – goi-sorabiera" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="goi-sorabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ely%C3%B2m" title="Elyòm – Haitiko kreolera" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Elyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitiko kreolera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Հելիում – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հելիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – interlinguea" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlinguea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – ilocanoera" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helio" title="Helio – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Helio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel%C3%ADn" title="Helín – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Helín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="ヘリウム – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘリウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iiliom" title="Iiliom – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Iiliom" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/solnavni" title="solnavni – lojbana" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="solnavni" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojbana" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A8liyum" title="Hèliyum – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hèliyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჰელიუმი – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰელიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heelim" title="Heelim – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Heelim" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – kikuyuera" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyuera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98" title="អេល្យូម – khemerera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អេល្យូម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khemerera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹೀಲಿಯಮ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹೀಲಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%AC%EB%A5%A8" title="헬륨 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헬륨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – komi-permyakera" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permyakera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – koloniera" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="koloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hely%C3%BBm" title="Helyûm – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Helyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – komiera" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliom" title="Heliom – kornubiera" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Heliom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornubiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keriyaamu_(Herium)" title="Keriyaamu (Herium) – luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Keriyaamu (Herium)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – limburgera" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – liguriera" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elie" title="Elie – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Elie" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio_(element_chimich)" title="Elio (element chimich) – lombardiera" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Elio (element chimich)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliy%C3%BAmu" title="Eliyúmu – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Eliyúmu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%A1" title="ຮີລຽມ – laosera" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຮີລຽມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helis" title="Helis – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Helis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%93lijs" title="Hēlijs – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hēlijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haum%C4%81m%C4%81" title="Haumāmā – maoriera" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Haumāmā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maoriera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хелиум – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хелиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഹീലിയം – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹീലിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Гели – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гели" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯍꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ – manipurera" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेलियम – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हेलियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elju" title="Elju – maltera" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Elju" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဟီလီယမ် – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟီလီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – erziera" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonatiuhyoh" title="Tonatiuhyoh – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tonatiuhyoh" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हिलियम – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हिलियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हिलियम – newarera" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हिलियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AD%C5%82ch%CA%BCi_%C3%A1sz%C3%B3l%C3%AD" title="Níłchʼi ászólí – navajoera" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Níłchʼi ászólí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88li" title="Èli – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Èli" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heeliyeemii" title="Heeliyeemii – oromoera" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Heeliyeemii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromoera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – osetiera" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਹੀਲੀਅਮ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੀਲੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – papiamentoa" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamentoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="हेलियम – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="हेलियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(pierwiastek)" title="Hel (pierwiastek) – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hel (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio" title="Elio – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Elio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="ہیلیئم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہیلیئم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Ήλιον – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ήλιον" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هېليوم – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هېليوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lio" title="Hélio – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hélio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilyu" title="Ilyu – kitxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ilyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kitxua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliu" title="Heliu – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Heliu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – aromaniera" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="हीलियम् – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हीलियम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – sakhera" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ – santalera" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88liu" title="Èliu – sardiniera" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Èliu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88liu" title="Èliu – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Èliu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%85" title="هيليئم – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هيليئم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahilyum" title="Ahilyum – tachelhita" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ahilyum" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhita" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="හීලියම් – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හීලියම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helij" title="Helij – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Helij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Inariko samiera" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inariko samiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – shonera" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shonera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiliyaam" title="Hiliyaam – somaliera" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hiliyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliumi" title="Heliumi – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Heliumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Хелијум – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хелијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hélium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%88%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஈலியம் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஈலியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="హీలియం – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హీలియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ҳелий – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳелий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ฮีเลียม – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮีเลียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elyo" title="Elyo – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyum" title="Helyum – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Helyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий – tuvera" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Гелий" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%90%D9%84%D9%89%D9%8A" title="گېلىي – uigurrera" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گېلىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurrera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Гелій – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гелій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ہیلیم – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیلیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geliy" title="Geliy – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Geliy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelii" title="Gelii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gelii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helin" title="Helin – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Helin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliom" title="Eliom – valoniera" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Eliom" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helyo" title="Helyo – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Helyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гелион – kalmykera" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Гелион" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmykera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჰელიუმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰელიუმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="העליום – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="העליום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%ADl%C3%AD%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%C3%B9" title="Hílíọ̀mù – jorubera" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Hílíọ̀mù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%80%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E" title="ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ – amazigera estandarra" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazigera estandarra" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium" title="Helium – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Helium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="氦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IHwelanga" title="IHwelanga – zuluera" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IHwelanga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluera" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q560#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-3-featured-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikulu_nabarmenduak" title="Artikulu hau nabarmendua da. 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Informazio gehiago nahi baduzu, egin klik hemen." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="hd" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #c0ffff">Helioa</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Helium_discharge_tube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Helium_discharge_tube.jpg/220px-Helium_discharge_tube.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Helium_discharge_tube.jpg/330px-Helium_discharge_tube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Helium_discharge_tube.jpg/440px-Helium_discharge_tube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2008" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center">2 <a href="/wiki/Hidrogeno" title="Hidrogeno">Hidrogenoa</a> ← Helioa → <a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio">Litioa</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"> <table align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" style="border-collapse:separate;width:248px;background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogeno" title="Hidrogeno"> </a> </td> <td style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="7" rowspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;">  </td> <td colspan="7" rowspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="10" rowspan="3" style="border:none;text-align:center;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:10pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;">  2</td> <td style="font-size:16pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;">He</td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"> </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Karbono" title="Karbono"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogeno" title="Nitrogeno"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Oxigeno" title="Oxigeno"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon"> </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminio" title="Aluminio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Silizio" title="Silizio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Sufre" title="Sufre"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Kloro" title="Kloro"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon"> </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Potasio" title="Potasio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Kaltzio" title="Kaltzio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Eskandio" title="Eskandio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio"> </a> </td> <td 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style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Zink" title="Zink"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Galio" title="Galio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Artseniko" title="Artseniko"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton"> </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidio" title="Rubidio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Estrontzio" title="Estrontzio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Itrio" title="Itrio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Zirkonio" title="Zirkonio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Niobio" title="Niobio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeno" title="Molibdeno"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Teknezio" title="Teknezio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenio" title="Rutenio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rodio" title="Rodio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Paladio" title="Paladio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Zilar" title="Zilar"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Kadmio" title="Kadmio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Indio" title="Indio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Eztainu" title="Eztainu"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccc99;"><a 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</td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimio" title="Praseodimio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Neodimio" title="Neodimio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Prometio" title="Prometio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Samario" title="Samario"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Europio" title="Europio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinio" title="Gadolinio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Terbio" title="Terbio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Disprosio" title="Disprosio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Holmio" title="Holmio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Erbio" title="Erbio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Tulio" title="Tulio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Iterbio" title="Iterbio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Lutezio" title="Lutezio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnio" title="Hafnio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalo" title="Tantalo"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Wolframio" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolframio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Renio" title="Renio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridio" title="Iridio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Platino" title="Platino"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Urre" title="Urre"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Merkurio_(elementua)" title="Merkurio (elementua)"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Talio" title="Talio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Berun" title="Berun"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Astato" title="Astato"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon"> </a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Frantzio" title="Frantzio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinio" title="Aktinio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinio" title="Protaktinio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunio" title="Neptunio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonio" title="Plutonio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Amerizio" title="Amerizio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Curio" title="Curio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelio" title="Berkelio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornio" title="Kalifornio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Einstenio" class="mw-redirect" title="Einstenio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Fermio" title="Fermio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevio" title="Mendelevio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelio" title="Nobelio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrentzio" title="Lawrentzio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordio" title="Rutherfordio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnio" title="Dubnio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgio" title="Seaborgio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrio" title="Bohrio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Hasio" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerio" title="Meitnerio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtio" title="Darmstadtio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenio" title="Roentgenio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Kopernizio" title="Kopernizio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonio" title="Nihonio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovio" title="Flerovio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Moskovio" title="Moskovio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Teneso" title="Teneso"> </a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson"> </a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div align="center"><a href="/wiki/Taula_periodikoa" title="Taula periodikoa">Taula periodikoa</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #c0ffff">Ezaugarri orokorrak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Elementu_kimikoen_zerrenda_izenaren_arabera" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementu kimikoen zerrenda izenaren arabera">Izena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elementu_kimikoen_zerrenda_ikurraren_arabera" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementu kimikoen zerrenda ikurraren arabera">ikurra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zenbaki_atomiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Zenbaki atomiko">zenbakia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Helioa, He, 2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Serie_kimiko" title="Serie kimiko">Serie kimikoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gas_noble" title="Gas noble">Gas nobleak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Taula_periodikoko_talde" title="Taula periodikoko talde">Taldea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taula_periodikoko_periodo" title="Taula periodikoko periodo">periodoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbital_atomiko" title="Orbital atomiko">orbitala</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/18._taldeko_elementu" class="mw-redirect" title="18. taldeko elementu">18</a>, <a href="/wiki/1._periodoko_elementu" title="1. periodoko elementu">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/S_orbitala" class="mw-redirect" title="S orbitala">s</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Masa_atomiko" title="Masa atomiko">Masa atomikoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4,002602 g/mol</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Konfigurazio_elektroniko" title="Konfigurazio elektroniko">Konfigurazio elektronikoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1s2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Elektroi" title="Elektroi">Elektroiak</a> orbitaleko</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #c0ffff">Propietate fisikoak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Materiaren_egoera" title="Materiaren egoera">Egoera</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(fisika)" title="Dentsitate (fisika)">Dentsitatea</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(0 °C, 101,325 kPa) 0,1786 g/L</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Urtze-puntu" title="Urtze-puntu">Urtze-puntua</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(2,5 MPa) 0.95 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvin">K</a> (-272,2 <a href="/wiki/Celsius" class="mw-redirect" title="Celsius">°C</a>, -458,0 <a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fahrenheit">°F</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Irakite-puntu" title="Irakite-puntu">Irakite-puntua</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4,22 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvin">K</a> (-268,93 <a href="/wiki/Celsius" class="mw-redirect" title="Celsius">°C</a>, -452,07 <a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fahrenheit">°F</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Urtze-entalpia" title="Urtze-entalpia">Urtze-entalpia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0,0138 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_moleko" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilojoule moleko">kJ·mol−1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Irakite-entalpia" title="Irakite-entalpia">Irakite-entalpia</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0,0829 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_moleko" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilojoule moleko">kJ·mol−1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Bero_espezifiko" title="Bero espezifiko">Bero espezifikoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(25 °C) 20,786 J·mol−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Lurrun-presio" title="Lurrun-presio">Lurrun-presioa</a> <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Presio" title="Presio">P</a>/<a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unitatea)" title="Pascal (unitatea)">Pa</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>10</td> <td>100</td> <td>1 k</td> <td>10 k</td> <td>100 k </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenperatura" title="Tenperatura">T</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(unitatea)" title="Kelvin (unitatea)">K</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>3</td> <td>4 </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #c0ffff">Propietate atomikoak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Kristal-egitura" title="Kristal-egitura">Kristal-egitura</a></th><td class="infobox-data">hexagonala</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Oxidazio-zenbaki" title="Oxidazio-zenbaki">Oxidazio-zenbakia(k)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Elektronegatibotasun" title="Elektronegatibotasun">Elektronegatibotasuna</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,00 (Paulingen eskala)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ionizazio-potentzial" title="Ionizazio-potentzial">Ionizazio-potentziala</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.a: 2372,3 <a href="/wiki/Joule_moleko" title="Joule moleko">kJ/mol</a> 2.a: 5250,5 <a href="/wiki/Joule_moleko" title="Joule moleko">kJ/mol</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Erradio atomikoa (kalkulatua)</th><td class="infobox-data">31 pm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Erradio_kobalente" title="Erradio kobalente">Erradio kobalentea</a></th><td class="infobox-data">32 pm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Van_der_Waalsen_erradio" title="Van der Waalsen erradio">Van der Waalsen erradioa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">140 pm</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #c0ffff">Datu gehiago</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Eroankortasun_termiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Eroankortasun termiko">Eroankortasun termikoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(300 K) 0,152</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #c0ffff">Isotopo egonkorrenak</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helioaren_isotopoak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helioaren isotopoak (sortu gabe)">Helioaren isotopoak</a> <table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.5em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">iso</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Ugaritasun_natural" title="Ugaritasun natural">UN</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Semidesintegrazio-periodo" title="Semidesintegrazio-periodo">Sd-P</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Desintegrazio_erradioaktibo" title="Desintegrazio erradioaktibo">D</a> </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desintegrazio-energia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desintegrazio-energia (sortu gabe)">DE</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electronvolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronvolt">MeV</a>) </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desintegrazio-produktu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desintegrazio-produktu (sortu gabe)">DP</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>3He </td> <td>%0,000137* </td> <td colspan="4">He egonkorra da <a href="/wiki/Neutroi" title="Neutroi">neutroi</a> batekin </td></tr> <tr> <td>4He </td> <td>%99,999863* </td> <td colspan="4">He egonkorra da 2 <a href="/wiki/Neutroi" title="Neutroi">neutroirekin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6">* Balio atmosferikoak, baliteke beste ingurune batean aldatzea. </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> Helioa <a href="/wiki/Elementu_kimiko" title="Elementu kimiko">elementu kimiko</a> bat da, He <a href="/wiki/Elementu_kimikoen_zerrenda_ikurraren_arabera" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementu kimikoen zerrenda ikurraren arabera">ikurra</a> eta 2 <a href="/wiki/Atomo-zenbaki" title="Atomo-zenbaki">zenbaki atomikoa</a> dituena. Ez du kolore, zapore ezta usainik, ez da <a href="/wiki/Toxiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Toxiko">toxikoa</a> eta ia guztiz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inerte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inerte (sortu gabe)">inertea</a> da. <a href="/wiki/Gas_noble" title="Gas noble">Gas nobleen</a> zerrendan lehena da. Elementu guztien artean <a href="/wiki/Irakite-puntu" title="Irakite-puntu">irakite-</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Urtze-puntu" title="Urtze-puntu">urtze-puntu</a> txikienak dituena da eta <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> egoeran dago ezohiko hotz eta presiopean ez bada. Ezohiko <a href="/wiki/Presio" title="Presio">presio</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Tenperatura" title="Tenperatura">tenperaturak</a> medio soilik lor liteke helioa elementu gutxi batzuekin konbinatzea. 1868. urtean <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Janssen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Janssen">Pierre Janssen</a> <a href="/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia">astronomo</a> frantsesa izan zen helioa lehen aldiz detektatu zuena, <a href="/wiki/Eguzki_eklipse" title="Eguzki eklipse">eguzki eklipse</a> batean jasoriko eguzkiko <a href="/wiki/Espektro_elektromagnetiko" title="Espektro elektromagnetiko">argi espektroan</a> ageri zen argi espektral hori baten erregistroaren bidez. Estatu Batuetako gas naturalaren erreserbetan dago helio erreserbarik handiena eta <a href="/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuak" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuak">AEB</a> da helio ekoizlerik handiena. Helioak erabilpen anitz ditu, besteak beste <a href="/wiki/Kriogenia" title="Kriogenia">kriogenian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itsaspekaritza" class="mw-redirect" title="Itsaspekaritza">murgilketa</a> sakonerako arnas ekipamenduan, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iman_supereroale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iman supereroale (sortu gabe)">iman supereroaleen</a> errefrigerazioan, helio datatze izeneko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Datatze_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Datatze sistema (sortu gabe)">datatze sisteman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baloi_aerostatiko" title="Baloi aerostatiko">globo aerostatiko</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Zepelin" title="Zepelin">zeppelinetan</a> sostengatzaile gisa, babeserako gas bezala aplikazio industrial anitzetan (soldaduretan adibidez)... Helioa arnastuz gero, aldi batez ahotsaren tonua aldatzen du <a href="/w/index.php?title=Presio_uhin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Presio uhin (sortu gabe)">presio uhinak</a> era ezberdinean eroaten baititu (toxikoa ez den arren arriskutsua izan liteke). Helioa <a href="/wiki/Unibertso" class="mw-redirect" title="Unibertso">unibertsoko</a> bigarren elementurik arruntena da, baita bigarren elementurik arinena ere. <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bang</a>-ean sortu ziren elementuetako bat da. Unibertsoan gaur egun sortzen den heliorik gehiena <a href="/wiki/Hidrogeno" title="Hidrogeno">hidrogeno</a> atomoetatik abiatuz sortzen da <a href="/wiki/Izar" title="Izar">izarretako</a> <a href="/wiki/Fusio_nuklear" title="Fusio nuklear">fusio nuklearretan</a>. Lurrean, helioa zenbait elementu <a href="/wiki/Desintegrazio_erradioaktibo" title="Desintegrazio erradioaktibo">erradioaktiboren</a> desintegrazioan sortzen da (izatez, <a href="/wiki/Alfa_desintegrazio" title="Alfa desintegrazio">alfa desintegrazioan</a> sortzen diren <a href="/wiki/Alfa_partikula" title="Alfa partikula">alfa partikulak</a> helio-<a href="/wiki/Atomo_nukleo" title="Atomo nukleo">nukleoak</a> dira). Horrela sortzen diren partikuletako zenbait <a href="/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural">gas naturalean</a> biltzen dira, eta %7ko kontzentrazioan egotera irits daitezke. Gas naturaletik helioa bereizteko, gasa tenperatura oso txikietaraino hozten da, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zatikaturiko_destilazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zatikaturiko destilazio (sortu gabe)">zatikaturiko destilazio</a> deritzon prozesuaren bidez. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/220px--HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="61" data-mwtitle="HeNe_Laser_Build.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fitxategi:HeNe_Laser_Build.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm/HeNe_Laser_Build.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AHeNe_Laser_Build.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>Helio</figcaption></figure> 4He <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopoa</a> da arruntena, eta <a href="/wiki/Atomo_nukleo" title="Atomo nukleo">nukleoan</a> bi protoi eta bi neutroi ditu. <a href="/wiki/Karga_elektriko" title="Karga elektriko">Elektrikoki</a> neutroak diren He atomoek bi elektroi izaten dituzte inguruan. Helioak badu beste isotopo egonkor bat hain arrunta ez dena, 3He hain zuzen, <a href="/wiki/Neutroi" title="Neutroi">neutroi</a> bakarrekoa. 4He-ak, helio arruntak alegia, bi <a href="/wiki/Fase_(kimika)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fase (kimika)">fase</a> eduki ditzake likido egoeran: helio I eta helio II faseak. Bi fase hauek <a href="/wiki/Mekanika_kuantiko" title="Mekanika kuantiko">mekanika kuantikoaren</a> ikuspuntutik ikertu ohi dira, bereziki <a href="/wiki/Superfluido" title="Superfluido">superfluidotasun</a> fenomenoak ulertzeko. Helio likidoa materiaren <a href="/wiki/Supereroankortasun" title="Supereroankortasun">supereroankortasunean</a> <a href="/wiki/Zero_absolutu" title="Zero absolutu">zero absolututik</a> gertu izaten diren aldaketak ikertzeko erabiltzen da.fff <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aurkikuntza">Aurkikuntza</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Aurkikuntza»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Aurkikuntza">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Janssen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Janssen">Pierre Janssen</a> astronomo frantsesa izan zen 1868ko abuztuaren 18an helioaren aztarnak aurkitu zituen lehena egun hartan gertatu zen <a href="/wiki/Eklipse" title="Eklipse">eklipsean</a> zehar eguzkiaren <a href="/wiki/Kromosfera" title="Kromosfera">kromosferaren</a> <a href="/wiki/Espektro_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Espektro (argipena)">espektroa</a> aztertu eta 587,49 nanometroko <a href="/wiki/Uhin-luzera" title="Uhin-luzera">uhin luzeran</a> lerro argi hori bat jaso zuenean <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indiako</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guntur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guntur (sortu gabe)">Guntur</a> hirian zegoela<a href="#cite_note-frnch-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a>. Hasieran espektroko marka honek <a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">sodioa</a> adierazten zuela uste izan zen. Urte bereko Urriaren 20ean Norman Lockyer astronomo ingelesak D3 izenpetu zuen lerro horia antzeman zuen, izena lerro honetatik gertu dauden D1 eta D2 lerroetatik dator zeinak sodioa adierazten duten<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Norman Lockyerrek lerro honek lurrean aurki ez zitekeen elementu bat adierazten zuela iritzi zuen. Lockyer eta Edward Fankland kimikari ingelesa izan ziren <a href="/wiki/Greziera" title="Greziera">grezieraz</a> eguzkia adierazten duen hitza, ἥλιος (<a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">helios</a>), elementu berri honi egotzi ziotenak<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Helium_spectrum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Helium_spectrum.jpg/200px-Helium_spectrum.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Helium_spectrum.jpg/300px-Helium_spectrum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Helium_spectrum.jpg/400px-Helium_spectrum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="151" /></a><figcaption>Helioaren lerroak espektroan</figcaption></figure> 1882 urtean, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luigi_Palmieri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luigi Palmieri (sortu gabe)">Luigi Palmieri</a> italiar fisikariak lurrean helioa detektatu zuen lehenengo aldiz D3 lerroaren bitartez. <a href="/wiki/Vesuvio" title="Vesuvio">Vesubio</a> mendiko <a href="/wiki/Laba" title="Laba">laba</a> analizatzean gertatu zen<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>. 1895eko martxoaren 26an <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a> kimikari eskoziarrak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klebeita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klebeita (sortu gabe)">klebeita</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uraninita" title="Uraninita">uraninita</a> mota bat, gutxienez 10%-a lurreko elementu arraroekin osaturik dagoena) izeneko mineralekin nahastuz helioa lurrean bereizi zuen lehenekoz. Ramsay <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">argoi</a> bila zebilen baina klebeitak <a href="/wiki/Azido_sulfuriko" title="Azido sulfuriko">azido sulfurikoarekin</a> erreakzionatzerakoan sortu zen gasetik nitrogeno eta oxigenoa bereizi ondoren lortu zuen espektroan eguzkiaren kromosferan detektatu zen D3 lerro hori berbera antzeman zuen<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>. Norman Lockyer eta William Crookes fisikari ingelesek Ramsayk antzemandako lerro honek helioa adierazten zuela konfirmatu zuen. Urte berean eta Ramsayren lorpenak ezagutu gabe <a href="/wiki/Per_Teodor_Cleve" title="Per Teodor Cleve">Per Teodor Cleve</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Langlet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Langlet (sortu gabe)">Abraham Langlet</a> kimikari suediarrek Suedian bertan dagoen <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a> hirian helioa lortu zuten klebeitatik ere, gainera kasu honetan zehaztasun nahikoarekin elementu berriaren masa atomikoa neurtzeko haina helio bereizi ahal izan zuten<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Francis_Hillebrand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Francis Hillebrand (sortu gabe)">William Francis Hillebrand</a> <a href="/wiki/Geokimika" title="Geokimika">geokimikari</a> estatu batuarrak aurkikuntza bera burutu zuen Ramsay berak baino lehenago <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranita (sortu gabe)">uranita</a> mineralaren espektroa aztertzen zebilela aipaturiko D3 lerroa ikusi zuenean, hala ere Hillebrandek kasu honetan marka hori nitrogenoari egotzi zion tamalez. Hillebrandek Ramsayri gutun bat idatzi zion helioa lehenekoz aurkitzetik zein gertu egon zen konturatu zenean<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>. 1907 urtean <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> eta Thomas Royds fisikariek <a href="/wiki/Alfa_partikula" title="Alfa partikula">alfa partikulak</a> helio atomoen nukleoak zirela aurkitu zuten, honetarako iturri batek igortzen zituen alfa partikulak hutsik zegoen kristalezko hodi baten pareta zeharka zezatela lortu zuten, hodi barnean agertu zen gasaren espektroak helioa zela adierazi zuen. <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Heike Kamerlingh Onnes</a> fisikari holandarrak 1908 urtean lortu zuen lehenekoz helioa kondentsatzea, zeina horretarako <a href="/wiki/Kelvin_gradu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvin gradu">kelvin gradu</a> bat baino tenperatura baxuagora hoztu zuen<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>. Helio likidoa lortu ondoren tenperatura gehiago jaitsiz helio solidoa lortu nahi izan zuen baina ez zuen horrelakorik lortu, gaur egun badakigu helioak ez duela <a href="/wiki/Puntu_hirukoitz" title="Puntu hirukoitz">puntu hirukoitzik</a> non fase gaseoso, likido eta solidoa batera existitzen diren. Aurrekoaren ikasle izandako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willem_Hendrik_Keesom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willem Hendrik Keesom (sortu gabe)">Willem Hendrik Keesom</a>-ek lortu zuen lehen aldiz helio solidoa 1926an; horretako tenperatura oso baxuez gain 25 atmosferako presioa behar izan zuen<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a>. 1938. urtean <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Leonidovich_Kapitsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa">Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa</a> fisikari <a href="/wiki/Sobietar_Errepublika_Sozialisten_Batasuna" title="Sobietar Errepublika Sozialisten Batasuna">sobietarrak</a> <a href="/wiki/Helio_4" title="Helio 4">helio 4</a> <a href="/wiki/Bosoi" title="Bosoi">bosoiak</a> zero absolututik gertu zeuden tenperaturetan ia biskositaterik ez zuela antzeman zuen, gaur egun fenomeno honi <a href="/wiki/Superfluido" title="Superfluido">superjariakortasun</a> esaten zaio<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a>. Fenomeno hau <a href="/wiki/Bose-Einstein_kondentsatu" title="Bose-Einstein kondentsatu">Bose-Einstein kondentsatuarekin</a> erlazionaturik dago. 1972an zero absolututik askoz ere gertuago <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helio 3 (sortu gabe)">helio 3arengan</a> portaera bertsua antzeman zuten Douglas D. Osheroff, David M. Lee eta Robert C. Richardson fisikari estatu batuarrek. Helio-3aren kasuan uste da superjariakortasuna <a href="/wiki/Fermioi" title="Fermioi">fermioiak</a> bikoteka bosoiak osatzeko elkartzen direnean agertzen dela, supereroakortasunaren kasuan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cooperren_elektroi_bikote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cooperren elektroi bikote (sortu gabe)">Cooperren elektroi bikoteekin</a> gertatzen den antzera<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lehen_ekoizketa_eta_erabilerak">Lehen ekoizketa eta erabilerak</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lehen ekoizketa eta erabilerak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Lehen ekoizketa eta erabilerak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Helium_amp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Helium_amp.jpg/100px-Helium_amp.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Helium_amp.jpg/150px-Helium_amp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Helium_amp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Helioz beteriko hoditxoa</figcaption></figure> 1903 urtean estatu batuetan dagoen <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> eskualdean burutzen ari ziren prospekzio batzuetan su hartzen ez zuen gas <a href="/wiki/Geiser" title="Geiser">geiser</a> bat agertu zen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erasmus_Haworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erasmus Haworth (sortu gabe)">Erasmus Haworth</a> estatu hartako geologoak handik irteten zen gasaren lagin zenbait jaso zuen eta Kansaseko unibertsitatera eraman zuen non <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamilton_Cady&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamilton Cady (sortu gabe)">Hamilton Cady</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_McFaland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David McFaland (sortu gabe)">David McFaland</a> kimikariekin batera laginetan agertzen ziren gasak aztertu zituzten. Bertan bolumenaren arabera %72 nitrogeno, %15 <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a> (erretzeko ez nahikoa), %1 hidrogeno eta gas ezezagun baten %12 zegoela aurkitu zuten<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a>. Analisi sakon baten ostean Cady eta McFarlandek laginaren %1,84a helioa zela aurkitu zuten<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>. Aurkikuntza honek lurrean helioa uste zena baino kopuru handiagoan aurki zitekeela erakutsi zuen, bereziki estatu batuetako lautada handien azpian erretserba itzelak zeudela gas naturalarekin nahasturik<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a>. Aurkikuntza honi esker Estatu Batuak munduko helio ekoizle handiena bihurtzea ahalbidetu zuen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Richard_Threlfall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Richard Threlfall (sortu gabe)">Sir Richard Threlfall</a> en iradokizunei jarraiki AEBetako armadak helioa lortzen zuten hiru lantegi eraiki zituen <a href="/wiki/Lehen_Mundu_Gerra" title="Lehen Mundu Gerra">lehen mundu gerrak</a> irauten zuen artean. Proiektu hauen helburua gas erregaien beharrik ez zuten globo eta zepelinak eraikitzea zen. Ordurarte soilik 100 litro inguru helio lortu izan bazen ere fabrika haiek 5.700 m3 bildu zituzten %92ko garbitasunarekin gainera<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Gas guzti honen zati bat helioak sustengaturiko lehen <a href="/wiki/Aerostato" title="Aerostato">aerostatoa</a> betetzeko erabili zen, EABko armadaren C-7 izeneko <a href="/wiki/Aireontzi" title="Aireontzi">aireontzia</a>, zeinak lehen bidaia <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginian</a> dagoen Hampton Roadsetik <a href="/wiki/Washington_(estatua)" title="Washington (estatua)">Washingtongo</a> Bolling Fieldera burutu zuen 1921eko abenduaren 1ean<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a>. Helioa gasen kondentsazio bitartez lortzeko metodoa ez zen lehen gerrate bukaeraldera garatu, hala ere ekoizketan bere hortan jarraitu zuen. Helioaren erabilera nagusia aerostatoen sostengu gisa izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Bigarren_Mundu_Gerra" title="Bigarren Mundu Gerra">Bigarren mundu gerra</a> urreratu ahala zepelinentzako helio beharrak gora egin zuen ikaragarri bai eta soldaketa gas lez erabiltzeko eskaera. Lehen <a href="/wiki/Bonba_nuklear" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonba nuklear">bonba atomikoa</a> garatu zuen <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_proiektu" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan proiektu">Manhattan proiektuan</a> ere helioa erabili zen<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>. Amerikako Estatu Batuetako gobernuak 1925 urtean Helio Erreserba Nazionala sortu zuen <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texaseko</a> <a href="/wiki/Amarillo_(Texas)" title="Amarillo (Texas)">Amarillon</a> bake garaian aireontzi komertzialak eta gudetan aireontzi militarrak betetzeko<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. AEBk garai hartan <a href="/wiki/Alemania" title="Alemania">Alemaniari</a> ezarririko debekuek Alemaniako helio iturri nagusia bertan behera utzi zuen eta hortaz euren aireontziak hidrogenoz bete behar izan zituzten <a href="/wiki/LZ_129_Hindenburg" title="LZ 129 Hindenburg">Hindenburgaren</a> akzidente gogoangarriaren arrazoi nagusia. Bigarren mundu gerra ostean helioz beteriko aireontziak alde batera utzi baziren ere helio likido eskaerak gora egin zuen eta horrela Amarilloko erreserba handitu behar izan zen. Helio likido oro har hoztaile bezala erabiltzen zen besteak beste <a href="/wiki/Kohete" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohete">koheteek</a> erabiltzen duten oxigeno eta hidrogeno likidoa lortzeko oso garrantzitua izan zena garaiko <a href="/wiki/Espazioko_lasterketa" title="Espazioko lasterketa">lasterketa espazial</a> baita <a href="/wiki/Gerra_Hotza" title="Gerra Hotza">gerra hotzean</a> ere. 1965ean urtean AEBk erabiltzen zuen helioa bigarren mundu gerran erabiltzen zena zortzi aldiz zen<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>. 1960ko hamarkadan AEBk bost konpainia pribaturi helioa gas naturaletik lortzeko baimena eman zien horrela helio eskaerari aurre egin ahal izateko. 684 <a href="/wiki/Kilometro" title="Kilometro">km</a> luzerako gasbidea eraiki zuten <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansaseko</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bushton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bushton (sortu gabe)">Bushtonetik</a> gobernuaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cliffside&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cliffside (sortu gabe)">Cliffsideko</a> erreserbetaraino, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texaseko</a> Amarillo hiritik gertu. Gasbidean zehar helioa nitrogenoarekin nahasturik garraiatzen zen horrela metatu eta behar zen garaian purifikatzeko. 1995 urterako mila milioi metro kubiko helio lortu ziren; AEBen erreserbek 1400 milioi dolarreko zorra zuten. 1996 urtean AEBetako kongresuak 1996ko Helioaren Pribatizazio Dokumentua argitaratu zuen, erreserba saltzeko agindua jasotzen zuena, eta epea 2005erainokoa zen<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>. 1945. urtearen aurretik ekoizten zen helioaren garbitasuna %98koa zen, eta %2 inguruko nitrogeno maila zuen. Urte horretan bertan lehenekoz %99,9ko garbitasuna zuen helioa ekoizten hasi zen batik bat soldaketarako. 1949 urterako A kalitatezko %99,995eko garbitasuneko helioa iada bazen erosgai<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>. <a href="/wiki/1990eko_hamarkada" title="1990eko hamarkada">1990eko hamarkadararte</a> AEB munduko helio komertzial guztiaren %90aren jatorria zen, eta gainerako ekoizleak <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Errusia" title="Errusia">Errusia</a> ziren batik bat. 1990ko hamarkadan <a href="/wiki/Aljeria" title="Aljeria">Algeriako</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arzew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arzew (sortu gabe)">Arzewen</a> helio ekoizpen zentru berri bat eraiki zuten ekoizpen errendimendu oso altukoa, <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> osoko helio eskaerak asetzeko hainakoa. <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>-<a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> urteen artean <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatargo</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ras_Laffen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ras Laffen (sortu gabe)">Ras Laffenen</a> eta Algeriako <a href="/wiki/Skikda" title="Skikda">Skikdan</a> beste bi zentru eraiki ziren eta iada Algeria munduko bigarren helio ekoizlea dugu<a href="#cite_note-wwsupply-27">[27]</a>. Garai honetan bai helioaren kontsumoa eta bai ekoizte kostua ere handitu egin ziren<a href="#cite_note-Kaplan2007-28">[28]</a>. 2002 eta 2007 urte tartean prezioa bikoiztu egin zen<a href="#cite_note-Basu2007-29">[29]</a> eta 2008an %50 ere igo ziren. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ezaugarri_nagusiak">Ezaugarri nagusiak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ezaugarri nagusiak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ezaugarri nagusiak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gas_eta_plasma_egoera">Gas eta plasma egoera</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gas eta plasma egoera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Gas eta plasma egoera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helioa elementu kimikoen artean <a href="/wiki/Erreaktibotasun" title="Erreaktibotasun">erreaktibotasun</a> txikiena duena da (<a href="/wiki/Gas_noble" title="Gas noble">gas noblea</a> izaki); <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monoatomiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monoatomiko (sortu gabe)">monoatomikoa</a> eta inertea da ia edozein egoeratan. Helioaren <a href="/wiki/Masa_molar" title="Masa molar">masa molar</a> txikia dela eta, gas egoeran bere <a href="/wiki/Eroankortasun_termiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Eroankortasun termiko">eroankortasun termikoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bero_espezifiko" title="Bero espezifiko">bero espezifikoa</a> eta presio uhinen eroate abiadura (<a href="/wiki/Soinuaren_abiadura" class="mw-redirect" title="Soinuaren abiadura">soinuaren abiadura</a> azken finean) gasetan bigarren handienak dira hidrogenoarenen atzetik. Arrazoi bertsuak direla eta, helioak solidoak zeharkatzeko duen difusio gaitasuna <a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">airearena</a> baino hiru aldiz handiagoa da eta hidrogenoarenaren %65a da<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:HeTube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/220px-HeTube.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/330px-HeTube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/HeTube.jpg/440px-HeTube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Helioz beteriko hodiak elementuaren ikur atomikoa irudikatuz</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">Gasen</a> artean, helioak uretan disolbatzeko gaitasunik txikiena du<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Errefrakzio_indize" class="mw-redirect" title="Errefrakzio indize">errefrakzio indizea</a> beste gas guztiena baino hurbilago dago unitatetik (1 zenbakia alegia)<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a>. Tenperatura normalean helioaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joule-Thomson_koefiziente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joule-Thomson koefiziente (sortu gabe)">Joule-Thomson koefizientea</a> negatiboa da, hau da bere kabuz zabaltzen bada, hedatu, berotu egiten da. Joule Thomson koefizienteak zero balioa izaten du presio eta tenperatura baldintza jakin batzuetan (P = 1 atm eta T = 40 K-eko baldintzetan, adibidez, helioaren koefizienteak zero balio du). Puntu honi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joule-Thomson_inbertsio_tenperatura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joule-Thomson inbertsio tenperatura (sortu gabe)">Joule-Thomson inbertsio tenperatura</a> esaten zaio eta presioaren araberakoa da. Bada helioa bere inbertsio tenperaturaren azpitik dagoenean bere kabuz zabaltzen denean hoztu egiten da beste gasen antzera<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Helioa likido bihurtzeko sistemetako batek propietate hau erabiltzen du: lehenik inbertsio tenperaturaz harago hozten da eta gero bere kabuz zabaltzen uzten badugu helioa gehiago hoztuko da bere kondentsazio puntua lortzen duen arte non likido bihurtuko den. <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Plasma (argipena)">Plasma</a> egoeran aurki genezake unibertsoko helio gehiena. Helio plasmaren eta helio atomikoaren ezaugarriak nahiko ezberdinak dira. Plasma egoeran ez da <a href="/wiki/Protoi" title="Protoi">protoi</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Elektroi" title="Elektroi">elektroien</a> arteko loturarik eta beraz <a href="/wiki/Eroankortasun_elektriko" title="Eroankortasun elektriko">eroankortasun elektrikoa</a> asko hazten da, baita gasa guztiz ionizatu ez bada ere. <a href="/wiki/Eremu_magnetiko" title="Eremu magnetiko">Eremu magnetiko</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Eremu_elektriko" title="Eremu elektriko">elektrikoek</a> sekulako eragina dute plasmaren baitan dabiltzan kargadun partikulengan. Adibidez, eguzki-haizeak dakarren helio eta hidrogeno ionizatuak <a href="/wiki/Lurraren_eremu_magnetikoa" title="Lurraren eremu magnetikoa">lurraren eremu magnetikoaren</a> eragina jasaten du eta elkarrekintza hau dela eta, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birkelanden_korronte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birkelanden korronte (sortu gabe)">Birkelanden korronteak</a> edota <a href="/wiki/Aurora" class="mw-disambig" title="Aurora">aurora</a> boreal eta australak sortzen dira<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egoera_solido_eta_likidoa">Egoera solido eta likidoa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Egoera solido eta likidoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Egoera solido eta likidoa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:He4_de.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/He4_de.svg/300px-He4_de.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/He4_de.svg/450px-He4_de.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/He4_de.svg/600px-He4_de.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption>Helioaren presio-tenperatura diagrama zero absolututik gertu</figcaption></figure> Helio <a href="/wiki/Solido" title="Solido">solidoa</a> <a href="/wiki/Kolore" title="Kolore">kolorerik</a> gabekoa da, ia ikustezina eta oso <a href="/wiki/Konprimagarritasun" title="Konprimagarritasun">konprimagarria</a>, Los Alamos-eko Laborategi Nazionalean (AEB) adibidez helio solidoa presiopean %30-tik harago murrizten dela antzeman dute<a href="#cite_note-LANL.gov-33">[33]</a>. Presio uniforme batek helioarengan sortzen duen deformazioa tamaina modulua (bulk modulus) deritzan magnitudearen bidez antzeman liteke, Helioaren modulua 5×107 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unitatea)" title="Pascal (unitatea)">Pa</a> da<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">urarena</a> baino 50 aldiz handiagoa, hau da, helio solidoa izotza baino 50 aldiz konprimagarriagoa da. Helio solidoa lortzeko presio ikaragarri handiak behar dira, hori dela eta helioa presio normalean (<a href="/wiki/Presio_atmosferiko" title="Presio atmosferiko">presio atmosferikoaren</a> inguruan) <a href="/wiki/Zero_absolutu" title="Zero absolutu">zero absoluturaino</a> hoztea lortuko bagenu oraindik ere likido egoeran egongo litzateke. Ezaugarri hori duen elementu bakarra da, beste elementu guztiak solidoak baitira baldintza horietan. Guzti hau <a href="/wiki/Mekanika_kuantiko" title="Mekanika kuantiko">mekanika kuantikoari</a> esker aurreikus dezakegu: helioaren zero puntuko energia handiegia da solido egoera ahalbidetzeko. Orain arte lortu den helio solidoa 1 eta 1,5°<a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(unitatea)" title="Kelvin (unitatea)">K</a> (-277°<a href="/wiki/Celsius_gradu" title="Celsius gradu">C</a>) inguruko tenperatura eta 2,5 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unitatea)" title="Pascal (unitatea)">MPa</a>-eko (gutxi gorabehera 25 aldiz presio atmosferikoa) presioarekin lortu da<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>. Oso zaila da helio solidoa eta likidoa elkarrengandik bereiztea, biek <a href="/wiki/Errefrakzio_indize" class="mw-redirect" title="Errefrakzio indize">errefrakzio indize</a> antzekoa baitute, hau da, argiak ia berdin jokatzen du bi faseak zeharkatzerakoan. Helioa oso erraz urtzen da eta egitura <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristalinoa</a> du. 66 atmosferatako presioan eta 1,15 ºK-tan helio solidoaren <a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dentsitate (argipena)">dentsitatea</a> 214±6 kg/m3 koa da. Baldintza horietan konprimagarritasun isotermoa 0.0031 ±0.0008/atm-koa da. Saiakuntzetan ez da dentsitatean ia aldaketarik antzeman 1,5 eta 1,8 ºK artean; hori dela eta, uste da 0ºK eta 2,5 MPa-ko presioan helio solidoaren dentsitatea 187±9 kg/m3 izango litzatekeela<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Helio_I_egoera">Helio I egoera</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Helio I egoera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Helio I egoera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helioaren <a href="/wiki/Irakite-puntu" title="Irakite-puntu">irakite puntuaren</a> (4,22º<a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(unitatea)" title="Kelvin (unitatea)">K</a>) eta <a href="/wiki/Lambda_puntu" title="Lambda puntu">lambda</a> deritzan puntuaren (2,1768ºK) artean <a href="/wiki/Helio-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Helio-4">helio-4</a> isotopo koloregabea aurki genezake egoera likido arruntean, fase honi <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Helio_I_egoera">helio I</a> deritzo<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Beste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Likido_kriogeniko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Likido kriogeniko (sortu gabe)">likido kriogenikoen</a> antzera, helio I-a berotzen denean irakiten hasten da. Helio I fasea hozten badugu berau konprimatu egiten da, bolumena murriztu egiten da, lambda puntura iritsi artean non irakiteari utzi eta hedatzeari ekiten dio, hau da bolumena areagotzen hasten da. Lambda puntuan nabari den hedatze joera txikitu egiten da tenperatura jaitsi ahala 1ºK ingurura iritsi artean, tenperatura honetan hedatzea eten eta berriro ere konprimatzen hasten da. Helio I-aren <a href="/wiki/Errefrakzio_indize" class="mw-redirect" title="Errefrakzio indize">errefrakzio indizea</a> gasek izan ohi dituzten balioen antzekoa da 1,026-koa baita; ezaugarri honi esker helio I-aren gainazala ia ikusezina da eta <a href="/wiki/Polimero" title="Polimero">polimero</a> zatitxoak erabili ohi dira gainazala non den antzeman ahal izateko<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Likido koloregabe honek <a href="/wiki/Biskositate" title="Biskositate">biskositate</a> txikia du oso eta bere <a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dentsitate (argipena)">dentsitatea</a> <a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">urarenaren</a> zortzirena dugu, alegia, <a href="/wiki/Fisika_klasiko" title="Fisika klasiko">fisika klasikoak</a> aurreikusten zuen balioaren laurdena<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Teoria klasikoaren akats hau mekanika kuantikoaren bidez saihesten da: helioaren bi fase likidoei (orain tratatzen ari garen helio-Ia eta ondoren datorren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio-II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helio-II (sortu gabe)">helio-II</a>-a) jariakin edo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluido_kuantiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluido kuantiko (sortu gabe)">fluido kuantiko</a> deritze, eskala makroskopikoan fenomeno <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">atomikoen</a> ondorioak aurkezten dituztelako. Portaera kuantiko honen zergatia <a href="/wiki/Irakite-puntu" title="Irakite-puntu">irakite-tenperatura</a> txikian aurki genezake ziurrenik, izan ere, 0<a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(unitatea)" title="Kelvin (unitatea)">ºK</a> edo zero absolututik oso gertu baitago, eta hain tenperatura hotzetan <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekulen</a> mugimendu kaotikoa hutsaren urrena da eta horrek beste kasu askotan ikusi ezin litezkeen fenomenoak agerrarazten ditu<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Helio_II_egoera">Helio II egoera</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Helio II egoera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Helio II egoera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Lambda_puntu" title="Lambda puntu">Lambda puntua</a> baino hotzagoak diren tenperaturetan helio likidoak zenbait ezohizko ezaugarri darakusta. Egoera honi <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Helio_II_egoera">Helio II</a> deritzo eta <a href="/wiki/Superfluido" title="Superfluido">superfluido</a> bat dela esan ohi da. Helio II-aren <a href="/wiki/Eroankortasun_termiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Eroankortasun termiko">eroankortasun termikoa</a> hain da handia ezen irakingaitza dela, hau da, ezinezkoa da helio II-a irakinaraztea, berotuz gero bapatean gas bihurtzen baita. Helio-3 <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopoak</a> superfluido fase bat ere badu, nahiz eta tenperatura hotzagoetan agertu. Helio-3 superfluidoa lortzeko zailtasuna dela eta, gutxi dakigu honi buruz<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Helium-II-creep.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Helium-II-creep.svg/200px-Helium-II-creep.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Helium-II-creep.svg/300px-Helium-II-creep.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Helium-II-creep.svg/400px-Helium-II-creep.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="357" /></a><figcaption>Helio IIak besteak beste paretetan gora eta behera narrasean arituko litzateke, diagraman bezala, orekatu arte; denbora laburrean bi guneetako mailak berdindu egingo lirateke; narrasean dabilen helio II geruzak kutxa barneko pareta guztiak estaltzen ditu; horrelakoak kutxa hermetiko batean egingo ez balira helio IIak kanpora alde egingo luke.</figcaption></figure> Helio II-a <a href="/wiki/Superfluido" title="Superfluido">superfluido</a> bat dugu, hau da, mekanika kuantikoak aurreikusten duen ezohizko ezaugarriak dituen <a href="/wiki/Materia" title="Materia">materiaren</a> egoera bat. Besteak beste nahiz eta helio II-a 10−7 eta 10−8 metroko zabalera duten kapilarretan zehar (kapilarrak hodi izugarri estuen antzekoak dira) iraganarazi ezin izan da <a href="/wiki/Biskositate" title="Biskositate">biskositaterik</a> antzeman, hau da Helio II-ak ez du nolabaiteko <a href="/wiki/Marruskadura_indarra" class="mw-redirect" title="Marruskadura indarra">marruskadurarik</a> kapilarretako paretekin<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a>. Hala ere higitzen diren bi diskoen artean Helio II-a iraganarazten denean helio gaseosoarenaren pareko <a href="/wiki/Biskositate" title="Biskositate">biskositatea</a> neurtu ahal izan da. Aurreko kontraesana bi-fluidoen modeloa deritzanaren bidez ebazten da gaur egun. Modelo honek dioenez lamda puntu azpitik helio likidoaren baitan dabiltzan helio <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">atomoak</a> bi egoeratan aurki litezke: Alde batetik zenbait atomo mekanika kuantikoan ground state deritzan egoeran egongo lirateke, hau da <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> maila minimoa lukete, eta atomo hauek ematen dizkiote helio II-ari superfluido baten propietateak, besteak beste biskositate gabezia. Bestalde gainontzeko atomoak kitzikaturik leudeke, hau da energia maila gorenago batean eta atomo hauek fluido arrunt baten propietateak agerrarazten dituzte, hala nola biskositatea<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a>. Bi atomo mota hauen proportzioan legoke biskositateari eta beste zenbait efektuei dagokienean kontraesanen muinean. <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Helio_II_egoera">Helio IIan</a> iturri efektu esan dakiokeen portaera du. Helio II gordailu bati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapilare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapilare (sortu gabe)">kapilare</a> oso finak dituen tapoi bat jartzen badiogu Helio IIaren baitan dauden <a href="/wiki/Superfluido" title="Superfluido">superfluido</a> atomoek (ikus gorago bi-fluidoen modeoa) kanpora alde egingo dute tapoian zehar, helio likido arruntaren <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">atomoak</a> berriz barnean geratzen dira (biskositateak ez ditu zirrikitu estuetatik pasatzen uzten). Gauzak horrela gordailua berotzen bada barneko superfluido partikula kopurua murriztu egingo da likido arrunt bihurtuz, murrizte honek bi fluido moten arteko oreka aldatzen du eta berau mantendu nahian irteten ari zen suprefluidoa berriro ere sartzen hasten da, eta honek presio gainkarga bat dakar helio likidoa txorrotadaka tapoitik irteten hasten den arte, iturrietan bezala<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>. Helio IIak ezagutzen diren substantzien arteko <a href="/wiki/Eroankortasun_termiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Eroankortasun termiko">eroankortasun termiko</a> handiena du, helio Iarena baino milioika aldiz handiagoa eta <a href="/wiki/Kobre" title="Kobre">kobrearen</a> eroankortasun termikoa ehunka aldiz hobetzen du<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Honen zergatia helio IIak beroa garraiatzeko erabiltzen dituen maila kuantikoan ematen diren mekanismoei zor diegu. Bero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eroale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eroale (sortu gabe)">eroale</a> hoberenek hiru elektroi izaten dituzte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balentzia_banda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balentzia banda (sortu gabe)">balentzia bandan</a> zeinak beroa eroateaz arduratzen diren, Helio IIak ez du balentzia bandaren parekorik eta hala ere beste ezerk baino hobe eroaten du. Helio IIan eroankortasun termikoa modelizatzeko erabiltzen diren <a href="/wiki/Ekuazio" title="Ekuazio">ekuazioak</a> soinua airean eroaten den era argitzeko erabiltzen diren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uhin_ekuazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uhin ekuazio (sortu gabe)">uhin ekuazioen</a> antzekoak dira. Soinua airean <a href="/wiki/Soinuaren_abiadura" class="mw-redirect" title="Soinuaren abiadura">soinuaren abiadan</a> edatzen den bezala beroa 20 m/sg-ko abiaduran edatzen da helio IIan zehar 1,8 ºKeko tenperaturan, bero hedaketa fenomeno honi bigarren soinu (second sound) deritzo soinuaren medioen zeharkako hedadurarekin duen antza dela eta<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Helio IIak narras efektua izeneko fenomenoa ere antzeman da. Helio IIan objektu baten zati bat ondoratzen badugu helio IIak objektuan gora egiten du, eta <a href="/wiki/Grabitazio" title="Grabitazio">grabitatearen</a> aurka jokatzen duela dirudi. Helio IIa itxirik ez dagoen edukiontzi batean badago paretetan gora egin eta alde egingo du zona beroago batera iritsi arte non gas bihurtuko den. Narrasean dabilen helioa 30 <a href="/wiki/Nanometro" title="Nanometro">nanometro</a> inguruko lodiera duen likido pelikula edo geruza fin baten forman mugitzen da <a href="/wiki/Material" title="Material">material</a> guztietan. Geruza edo pelikula honi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rollin_geruza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rollin geruza (sortu gabe)">Rollin geruza</a> esaten zaio, Bernard V. Rollin fenomeno honen aurkitzailearen omenez<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a>. Helio IIak narrasean aritzeko duen joeraren eta zirrikitu txikietatik alde egiteko duen erraztasunagatik oso zaila da helio likidoa gordetzea. Gordailua ez bada kontu handiz eraiki eta zaintzen helio IIak gainazal eta balbuletan zehar alde egingo du gune epelagoren bat aurkitu artean non lurrundu egingo den. Rollin geruzetan barreiatzen diren <a href="/wiki/Uhin" title="Uhin">uhinak</a> grabitatearen eraginez higitzen diren uhinen antzekoak dira (ur axaletako olatuak bezala) baina kasu hontan grabitatearen beharrean <a href="/wiki/Van_der_Waalsen_indar" title="Van der Waalsen indar">Van der Waals-en indarrak</a> dira mugimenduaren eragile<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a>. Uhin hauei hirugarren soinu (third sound) esaten zaie <a href="/wiki/Soinu" title="Soinu">soinua</a> uhinen bidez barreiatzen baita baita ere<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotopoak">Isotopoak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Isotopoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopoak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helioak dakigunez zortzi <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopo</a> ezberdin ditu horietako bi soilik, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helio-3 (sortu gabe)">helio-3</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Helio-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Helio-4">helio-4a</a> egonkorrak direlarik. Lur <a href="/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta">planetako</a> atmosferan He-4 isotopoaren milioi bat atomoko He-3 atomo bat legoke, hau da He-3aren kontzentrazioa He-4arena baino milioi bat aldiz txikiagoa da<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a>. Helioaren sortze prozesuaren arabera isotopo bat edo beste era liteke. Helioaren isotopo arruntenak, helio-4ak, lurrean nukleo astunagoen desknposaketa erradiaktiboan igortzen diren alfa partikuletan du jatorria. <a href="/wiki/Alfa_partikula" title="Alfa partikula">Alfa partikula</a> hauek helio-4 <a href="/wiki/Atomo_nukleo" title="Atomo nukleo">nukleoak</a> izan ohi dira. Helio-4aren nukleoak ezohizko egonkortasuna du bertako <a href="/wiki/Nukleoi" title="Nukleoi">nukleoiek</a> oso egitura irmoa baitute. <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bangean</a> sortu zen helio-4 atomo gehien hala ere<a href="#cite_note-bigbang-43">[43]</a>. Helio-3 oso gutxi dago lurrean, gehiena lurraren sorreratik eta gainontzekoa orduzgeroztik espaziotik iritsitakoa <a href="#cite_note-heliumfundamentals-44">[44]</a>. Helio-3aren kantitate murritzak deskonposaketa erradiaktiboak sortzen ditu <a href="/wiki/Tritio" title="Tritio">tritioa</a> deskonposatzen denean<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>. Lurreko kanpoaldeko <a href="/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia">geruzetako</a> harroketan helio isotopoen kontzentrazioen arteko erlazioek harroken jatorri eta antzinatasunaren berri ematen digute eta lurraren mantuaren konposizioa aztertzeko erabili daitezke. He-3a <a href="/wiki/Espazio" title="Espazio">espazioan</a> lurrean baino arruntagoa da izarretako fusioaren emaitzetako bat baita; espazioan dagoen He-3aren proportzioa lurrekoa baino 100 aldiz handiagoa da<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta">Planeta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kometa" title="Kometa">kometa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satelite" class="mw-disambig" title="Satelite">satelite</a> eta gainantzeko materia zerutarrean He-3 arrasto txikiak aurkitu dira ziurrenik eguzki-haizearen bonbardaketaren ondorio. <a href="/wiki/Ilargia" title="Ilargia">Ilargiaren</a> gainazalean 0,01 parte milioiko He-3 neurtu da<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a>. Zenbait aditu eta idazleek ilargiko He-3a bildu eta <a href="/wiki/Fusio_nuklear" title="Fusio nuklear">fusio nuklearrean</a> erabiltzearen inguruan espekulazioak burutu dituzte, Gerald Kulciskik izan zen lehena <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> urtean<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a>. Lurrunketa bidezko hozketa erabiliz helio-4 likidoa 1º<a href="/wiki/Kelvin_gradu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvin gradu">K</a>-rarte hoztu liteke. <a href="/wiki/Kondentsazio" title="Kondentsazio">Kondentsazio</a> tenperatura baxuagoa duen helio-3ari antzeko prozesuak aplikatzen bazaizkio 0,2 ºKrarte hoztu liteke. 0,8ºK azpitik He-3 eta He-4 kantitate bera nahasten badugu bi fase ezberdin eta nahastezin ikusiko lirateke, hau da, 0,8ºK azpitik bi isotopoak nahastezinak dira bere ezberdintasun kuantikoak tenperatura hauetara nabarmendu egiten baitira (He-4 atomoak <a href="/wiki/Bosoi" title="Bosoi">bosoiak</a> dira eta He-3 atomoak ordea <a href="/wiki/Fermioi" title="Fermioi">fermioiak</a>)<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Bada diluzio hozkailu izeneko gailu kriogeniko bat zeina bi isotopoen faseen nahastezintasunaz baliatzen den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Milikelvin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Milikelvin (sortu gabe)">milikelvin</a> mailako tenperaturak lortzeko. He-3 eta He-4az beste helio isotopoak ekoiztea posible den arren hauek azkar asko deskonposatzen dira bizi laburrekoak baitira ezegonkorrak izaki. Biziraupen laburrena duen helio isotopoa helio-5a dugu isotopo honen iraupena 7,6×10−22 segundoetakoa delarik. Helio-6ak 0,8 segundo irauten ditu <a href="/wiki/Beta_partikula" title="Beta partikula">beta partikula</a> bat igorriz deskonposatzen delarik. Helio-7a beta partikulaz gain <a href="/wiki/Gamma_izpi" title="Gamma izpi">gamma izpi</a> bat igortzen du deskonposatzen denean. Bai He-7a zein He-8a zenbait erreakzio nuklearren ondorioz agertzen diren hiperfragmentuak lirateke<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. He-6 eta He-8arengan halo edo dizdira nuklearra antzeman ahal izan da. Helio-2a (<a href="/wiki/Neutroi" title="Neutroi">neutroirik</a> ez duen <a href="/wiki/Protoi" title="Protoi">protoi</a> bikotea) protoi bat igorriz deskonposatu eta <a href="/wiki/Protio" title="Protio">protioan</a> bihurtzen den <a href="/wiki/Erradioisotopo" class="mw-redirect" title="Erradioisotopo">erradioisotopoa</a> dugu bere biziraupena 3x10−27 segundoetakoa delarik<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osagaiak">Osagaiak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Osagaiak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Osagaiak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:He@C60.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/He%40C60.GIF" decoding="async" width="160" height="161" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="161" /></a><figcaption>Helioa barnean txertatua duen fulereno molekula baten eskema</figcaption></figure> Baldintza normaletan helioaren erreaktibitatea hutsaren urrena da bere <a href="/wiki/Balentzia" title="Balentzia">balentzia</a>, beste <a href="/wiki/Gas_noble" title="Gas noble">gas nobleena</a> bezala, zero baita<a href="#cite_note-LANL.gov-33">[33]</a>. Ionizaturik ez dagoenean <a href="/wiki/Isolatzaile_elektriko" title="Isolatzaile elektriko">isolatzaile elektrikoa</a> da. Beste gas nobleen antzera helioak baditu metastable deritzen energia mailak behin ionizaturik dagoenean ionizazio potentziala baino baxuagoak diren <a href="/wiki/Potentzial_elektriko" title="Potentzial elektriko">potentzial elektrikoek</a> ionizaturik mantentzea ahalbidetzen dutenak<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Korronte elektriko batek helio <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Plasma (argipena)">plasma</a> iragaten duenean helioak konposatu ezegonkorrak osa ditzake besteak beste <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">tungsteno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iodo" title="Iodo">iodo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor">fluor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sufre" title="Sufre">sufre</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo">fosforoarekin</a>. HeNe, HgHe10, WHe2 molekula neutroak eta He2+, He22+, HeH+(Hidrohelio ioia), HeD+ ioi molekularrak eratu ahal izan dira gaurdaino sistema hau erabiliz<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a>. Helio plasman zehar doazen korronteak aplikatuz, He2 molekula neutroa sortzea lortu da, zeinak espektroan banda sistema anitz dituen. Beste molekula bat HgHe molekula dugu zeina polarizazio indarren bidez soilik kohesioa mantentzen duela dirudien<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Teoriak beste zenbait konposatu aurreikusten ditu, besteak bete helio fluorhidridioa (HHeF) 2000. urtean aurkituriko <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">argoi</a> fluorhidridoaren (HArF) antzekoa litzatekeena<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a>. Badira <a href="/wiki/Fulereno" title="Fulereno">fulereno</a> izeneko <a href="/wiki/Karbono" title="Karbono">karbono</a> atomoz osaturiko egitura molekularrak. Molekula hauek karbono atomoekin eraikitako egitura geometrikoen antzekoak lirateke. Bada helio atomoak fulereno molekulen barneko hutsuneetan txertatzea lortu da gaurdaino ezagutzen diren heliodun molekula egonkor bakarrak osatuz. Txertatzea berotu ostean presio altuak aplikatzerakoan burutzen da. Heliodun molekula berri hauek egonkortasunari eusten diote, egonkortasuna hala ere mugatua da betiere molekula hauek tenperatura jakin batetik gora berotzean desegiten baitira. Barnean helioa duten fulerenoekin konposatu berriak osatzen direnean helioak molekulen barnean tokiari eusten dio<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a>. Molekula hauen ekoizketan helio-3 <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopoa</a> erabili izan da NMR <a href="/wiki/Espektroskopia" title="Espektroskopia">espektroskopiaren</a> bidez erraz detektatzen baita<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a>. Gaurdaino helioa fulereno ugaritan txertatu ahal izan da. Molekula hauen barneko helioak ez ditu lotura ez <a href="/wiki/Lotura_kobalente" title="Lotura kobalente">kobalente</a> ez <a href="/wiki/Lotura_ioniko" title="Lotura ioniko">ionikoak</a> sortzen baina hala ere molekulak direla esan dezakegu. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekoizpena_eta_prospekzioa">Ekoizpena eta prospekzioa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ekoizpena eta prospekzioa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Ekoizpena eta prospekzioa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Helioa_naturan">Helioa naturan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Helioa naturan»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Helioa naturan">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helioa aztergai den <a href="/wiki/Unibertso" class="mw-redirect" title="Unibertso">unibertsoko</a> bigarren elementu arruntena dugu, <a href="/wiki/Hidrogeno" title="Hidrogeno">hidrogenoa</a> litzateke lehena, unibertsoko masa elementalaren %23a osatzen duelarik<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a>. Helio gehiena <a href="/wiki/Izar" title="Izar">izarretan</a> dago eta hidrogeno <a href="/wiki/Fusio_nuklear" title="Fusio nuklear">fusio</a> prozesuen emaitza dugu. <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">Big Bangaren</a> teoriaren arabera unibertsoko helioaren gehiengoa Big Bangaren nukleosintesian zehar sortu zen, Big Banga gertatu eta handik minutu bat eta hiru minutu artean gutxi gorabehera<a href="#cite_note-bigbang-43">[43]</a>. Lurreko <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosferak</a> 5,2 parte milioiko helio du<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a>. Helioaren arintasuna dela eta prozesu ugariren bitartez helio atomoek espaziora alde egiten dute; eguzki haizeak eta beste zenbait fenomenok galera hau konpentsatzen dute helio atmosferikoaren kontzentrazioa ia konstantea delarik<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a>. Lurreko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterosfera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterosfera (sortu gabe)">heterosferan</a>, atmosfera garaiko zonalde batean, helioa eta beste zenbait gas arin elementurik arruntenak dira. Lurrean aurki litekeen helio gehiena deskonposizio erradiaktiboaren ondorio dugu. Elementu <a href="/wiki/Erradiaktibo" class="mw-redirect" title="Erradiaktibo">erradiaktiboek</a> orohar <a href="/wiki/Alfa_partikula" title="Alfa partikula">alfa partikulak</a> igortzen dituzte eta alfa partikula hauek ez dira helio atomo nukleoak besterik (He2+). Alfa partikulak falta zaizkien bi elektroiak lortzen dituztenean helio atomo bihurtzen dira. <a href="/wiki/Mea" title="Mea">Mineral</a> erradiaktibo nagusiak honako hauek dira: <a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio">uranioa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio">torioa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klebeita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klebeita (sortu gabe)">klebeita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnotita" title="Karnotita">karnotita</a> eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monazita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monazita (sortu gabe)">monazita</a>. Mineral hauek igortzen duten helioaren batezbesteko kopurua 3,4 <a href="/wiki/Litro" title="Litro">litrokoa</a> da urteko eta lurrazaleko kilometro kubikoko. <a href="/wiki/Lurrazal" title="Lurrazal">Lurrazalean</a> helio kontzentrazioa milia milioiko 8 partekoa dugu. <a href="/wiki/Itsaso" title="Itsaso">Itsasoko</a> uretan kontzentrazioa eskasagoa da oraindik bilioiko 4 partetakoa baita. Helio kopuru txikiak gainontzeko mineraletan, <a href="/wiki/Sumendi" title="Sumendi">sumendietako</a> gasetan eta burdin meteorikoan aurki litezke baita ere. Lurreko helio kontzentrazio altuenak <a href="/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural">gas naturalean</a> daude helio komertzialaren iturri nagusia delarik. Kontzentrazioa asko aldatzen da, milioiko parte gutxi batzuetatik <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_County&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Juan County (sortu gabe)">San Juan County</a>-n dagoen gune bateko 7%-ra<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ekoizpena_gaur_egun">Ekoizpena gaur egun</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ekoizpena gaur egun»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Ekoizpena gaur egun">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helio komertziala <a href="/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural">gas naturalaren</a> frakzio <a href="/wiki/Destilazio" title="Destilazio">distilazio</a> bidez lortzen da gas naturalak %7rainoko helio kontzentrazioak izan baititzake<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a>. Helioak elementuen arteko irakite tenperatura baxuena duenez gas naturala hoztu eta konprimitu egiten da helioaz beste elementuak, metano eta nitrogenoa batik bat, likidotu daitezen eta horrela geratzen den gasa jasotzeko. Horrela lorturiko helioa behin eta berriz prozesu beraren bidez garbitzen da gas egoeran gera litekeen <a href="/wiki/Nitrogeno" title="Nitrogeno">nitrogeno</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metanoa</a> ezabatzearren.Aktibaturiko <a href="/wiki/Harrikatz" title="Harrikatz">ikatz</a> filtroak erabiltzen dira purifikazioaren azken pausoetan bereziki A mailako %99,995eko garbitasuna duen helioa lortzeko<a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. A mailako helioan aurki litezkeen beste gasen arrastoen artean <a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">neoia</a> litzateke garrantzitsuena. Behin distilazioa amaitzen denean helioa prozesu kriogenikoen bidez likidotu egiten da. Helioa likidotzearen arrazoia garraioa erraztea da batik bat, baita likido egoeran helioak dituen propietateak erabiltzea ere<a href="#cite_note-wwsupply-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a>. 2008 urtean 169 milioi <a href="/wiki/Metro_kubiko" title="Metro kubiko">metro kubiko</a> helio merkaturatu zen, kopuru honen %78a AEBk ekoiztua zelarik, %10 <a href="/wiki/Aljeria" title="Aljeria">Algeriak</a> eta gainontzekoa Errusia, Polonia eta beste gutxi batzuk<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a>. Gas naturala zenbait material iragazkor berezietan zehar difunditzea helioa garbitzeko beste sistema bat dugu<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a>. Bada helioa lortzeko gas naturalik behar ez duen sistemarik, besteak beste helioa <a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio">litio</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">boro</a> partikulak abiadura handiko protoiekin bonbardatu ezkero sintetiza liteke nahiz eta sistema hau ez den inondik inora ekonomikoki baliagarria; helioa beste prozesu batzuen hondakin bezala azaltzen da azken kasu honetan<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplikazioak">Aplikazioak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Aplikazioak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Aplikazioak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helioak dituen ezaugarri bereziak direla eta zeregin ezberdinetarako elementu aproposa dugu, besteak beste asko hoztu behar da kondentsatzen hasteko, <a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dentsitate (argipena)">dentsitate</a> txikia du oso, ez da ia disolbagarria, oso bero <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eroale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eroale (sortu gabe)">eroale</a> ona da eta erreaktibitate apalekoa da. Komertzialki helioa oro har gas eran saltzen da naiz eta likido egoeran ere aurki litekeen. Helio likidoa dewars izeneko gordailuetan banatzen da 1.000 <a href="/wiki/Litro" title="Litro">litro</a> ingururaino kopuru txikiak behar direnean, bestelakoetan 40.000 litro inguruko ISO edukiontziak erabiltzen dira. Gasa bonbonetan banatu ohi da kopuru txikiak behar direnean, gas asko nahi izan ezkero trailerren gordailuetan garraiatu ohi da. <dl><dt>Globo, zeppelin eta bestelakoak</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Goodyear-blimp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Goodyear-blimp.jpg/220px-Goodyear-blimp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Goodyear-blimp.jpg/330px-Goodyear-blimp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Goodyear-blimp.jpg/440px-Goodyear-blimp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="182" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dentsitate (argipena)">Dentsitate</a> txikikoa eta erreaktibitate apalekoa denez, helioa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aerostatoak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aerostatoak (sortu gabe)">aerostatoak</a> betetzeko gas aproposa da.</figcaption></figure> Airea baino arinagoa denez <a href="/wiki/Baloi_aerostatiko" title="Baloi aerostatiko">globo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zepelin" title="Zepelin">zeppelin</a> eta bestelako <a href="/wiki/Aerostato" title="Aerostato">aerostatoak</a> betetzeko erabili ohi da. Hidrogenoa helioa baino arinagoa den arren helioa erregaitza da eta segurtasun handia ematen du, gainera helioaren erreaktibitatea oso baxua da. <a href="/wiki/Bigarren_Mundu_Gerra" title="Bigarren Mundu Gerra">Bigarren mundu gerra</a> aurretik <a href="/wiki/Alemania" title="Alemania">Alemaniak</a> AEB-tik helioa lortzeko zailtasunak zituenez bere zeppelinak hidrogenoz bete behar izan zituen eta horren ondorio izan zen besteak beste <a href="/wiki/LZ_129_Hindenburg" title="LZ 129 Hindenburg">Hindenburg</a> zeppelinaren ezbeharra. <a href="/wiki/Suziri" title="Suziri">Kohetegintzan</a> <a href="/wiki/Erregai" title="Erregai">erregai</a> likidoa darabilten gailuetan helioa erregai gordailuetatik irtenarazteko erabiltzen da, xiringa baten enboloak egiten duen bezala. Gainera hidrogeno eta oxigenoa kondentsatzeko ere erabiltzen da oxigeno eta hidrogenoa lortu nahi denean, bi likido hauek asko erabiltzen dira erregai gisa koheteetan. Honez beste <a href="/wiki/Jaurtigune" title="Jaurtigune">jaurtiguneetan</a> erregai eta oxidatzaile sistemak purgatzeko ere erabiltzen da. Adibidez <a href="/wiki/Apollo_programa" title="Apollo programa">apollo programako</a> <a href="/wiki/Espazio_ontzi" title="Espazio ontzi">espaziontziak</a> jaurtitzen zituen <a href="/wiki/Saturno_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturno V">Saturno V</a> koheteak 370.000 m3 behar zituen<a href="#cite_note-LANL.gov-33">[33]</a>. <dl><dt>Merkataritza eta aisia</dt></dl> Aire arrunta baino arinagoa denez (<a href="/wiki/Dentsitate_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dentsitate (argipena)">dentsitate</a> baxuagoa du) bere soinuaren abiadura ere ezberdina da eta hori dela eta helioa arnastu ezkero pertsonen <a href="/wiki/Ahots" title="Ahots">ahotsaren</a> tonua alda dezake. Helioa toxikoa ez bada ere helioarekin ahotsa aldatzera jolastea arriskutsua izan liteke konturatu gabe helioak gure biriketako oxigenoa gehiegi ordezten badu <a href="/wiki/Asfixia" title="Asfixia">asfixia</a> sor dezake ia konturatu gabe (ez baita aire gabezia nabaritzen birikak beterik daudelako), gainera helio bonbona komertzialek zenbaitetan gas kaltegarrien ondarrak izan ditzakete baita bonbonen balbulak lubrikatzeko erabiltzen diren <a href="/wiki/Koipe" title="Koipe">koipeen</a> arrastoak. Uretan ia disolbagaitza da, hala nola giza <a href="/wiki/Odol" title="Odol">odolean</a> (urez osatua baitago gehienbat), horregatik oso erabilgarria da aire arnasgarriarekin nahasteko trimix izeneko oxigeno, <a href="/wiki/Nitrogeno" title="Nitrogeno">nitrogeno</a> eta helio nahasketa lortzeko edota <a href="/wiki/Oxigeno" title="Oxigeno">oxigeno</a> eta helioz osaturiko <a href="/wiki/Heliox" title="Heliox">helioxa</a> lortzeko. Helioxa sakonera handiko <a href="/wiki/Itsaspekaritza" class="mw-redirect" title="Itsaspekaritza">urperatzeetan</a> erabiltzen da presio handiko inguruneetan nitrogenoa kaltegarria izan baitaiteke (presioa ondoratu ahala azkar asko azten da) baldintza horietan nitrogenoa uretan disolbatu egiten baita eta beraz baita odolean ere. Odolean disolbaturiko nitrogenoak efektu <a href="/wiki/Narkotiko" title="Narkotiko">narkotikoak</a> ditu hasieran <a href="/wiki/Alkohol" title="Alkohol">alkoholarenaren</a> antzekoak eta sakoneko mozkor deritzana sortzen du oso arriskutsua izan liteke. Helioxak ordea ez du nitrogenorik eta bai arnasteko beharrezkoa den oxigenoa, gainera <a href="/wiki/Deskonpresio_(geologia)" title="Deskonpresio (geologia)">deskonpresioaren</a> efektuak murritz ditzake eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiperoxia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiperoxia (sortu gabe)">hiperoxia</a> edo oxigeno gehiegi arnastea ekiditen du<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-thomas-66">[66]</a>. Bada helio-neoi <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">laser</a> izeneko laser mota bat non helio eta <a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">neoi</a> nahasketa bat erabiltzen den ganantzia optiko mediotzat<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a>. <dl><dt>Industria</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Ac-system_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ac-system_2.jpg/220px-Ac-system_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ac-system_2.jpg/330px-Ac-system_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ac-system_2.jpg/440px-Ac-system_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1563" data-file-height="939" /></a><figcaption>Ganbara bikoitza duen isurpenak detektatzeko heliozko makina, KONTIKAB-ekoa.</figcaption></figure> Helioak solidoak iragateko aireak baino hiru aldiz gaitasun gehiago duenez (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Solido_zeharkako_difusio_ahalmen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solido zeharkako difusio ahalmen (sortu gabe)">solido zeharkako difusio ahalmena</a>) <a href="/wiki/Huts_(fisika)" title="Huts (fisika)">hutsa</a> eragiteko ekipamenduetan pitzadura eta zulotxoak detektatzeko erabiltzen da, berdin presio handia jasan behar duten gas gordailuetan, <a href="/wiki/Bero_aldagailu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bero aldagailu">bero aldagailuetan</a> (bi korronteen, bata hotza eta bestea beroa, arteko energia termiko transmisioa hobetzen duten gailuak), <a href="/wiki/Balbula" title="Balbula">balbuletan</a> eta gasak erabiltzen dituzten hainbat eta hainbat sistemetan<a href="#cite_note-nostrand-67">[67]</a>. Erreaktibitate baxua duenez (beste gas nobleen antzera),neutroiekiko gardena delako eta isotopo <a href="/wiki/Desintegrazio_erradioaktibo" title="Desintegrazio erradioaktibo">erradiaktiboak</a> osatzea zilegi delako zenbait <a href="/wiki/Erreaktore_nuklear" title="Erreaktore nuklear">erreaktore nuklearretan</a> hoztaile edo hozgarri gisa erabiltzen da<a href="#cite_note-nostrand-67">[67]</a>. Helioaren erreaktibitate baxua dela eta <a href="/wiki/Silizio" title="Silizio">silizio</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio">germanio</a> kristalak, <a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio">titanioa</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Zirkonio" title="Zirkonio">zirkonioa</a> ekoizteko erabiltzen da alanola gas kromatografian<a href="#cite_note-LANL.gov-33">[33]</a> eta antzinako dokumentu eta objektuak kontserbatzeko giroetan baita <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haize_tunel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haize tunel (sortu gabe)">haize tunel</a> <a href="/wiki/Supersoniko" class="mw-redirect" title="Supersoniko">supersonikoetan</a> ere<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a>. Helioaren <a href="/wiki/Eroankortasun_termiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Eroankortasun termiko">eroankortasun termikoa</a> eta helioan zehar doan <a href="/wiki/Soinuaren_abiadura" class="mw-redirect" title="Soinuaren abiadura">soinuaren abiadura</a> handiak direnez, errefrigerazio termoakustikoan erabiltzen da<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a>. Helioaren erreaktibitate baxuak hozte sistema hau <a href="/wiki/Ekologia" title="Ekologia">ekologikoki</a> oso garbi bihurtzen du ez baitu <a href="/wiki/Ozono_geruza" title="Ozono geruza">ozono geruza</a> ondatzen ez eta <a href="/wiki/Negutegi-efektua" class="mw-redirect" title="Negutegi-efektua">negutegi efekturik</a> areagotzen<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a>. Helio gasa <a href="/wiki/Soldadura" title="Soldadura">soldatzeko</a> zenbait tekniketan erabiltzen da <a href="/wiki/Arku_bidezko_soldaketa" class="mw-redirect" title="Arku bidezko soldaketa">arku bidezko soldaketan</a> adibidez aireak kutsa ditzakeen materialekin. Oso erabilgarria da buruzgain soldatu behar denean airea baino arinagoa denez bertan flotatu egiten du beste zenbait gas astunago ondoratu egiten direlarik. <dl><dt>Zientzia</dt></dl> Helioaren <a href="/wiki/Errefrakzio_indize" class="mw-redirect" title="Errefrakzio indize">errefrakzio indize</a> txikia dela eta oso aproposa da <a href="/wiki/Leiar" title="Leiar">leiar</a> eta ekipamendu optikoen arteko hutsuneak betetzeko zenbait ekipamendu optiko ultrasentsibleetan gainera bide batez tenperatura aldaketen ondorioak murrizten dira, teknika hauek teleskopioetan aplikatzen dira batik bat. <a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio">Uranioa</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio">torioa</a> duten <a href="/wiki/Mea" title="Mea">mineral</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Geologia" title="Geologia">arrokek</a> <a href="/wiki/Alfa_partikula" title="Alfa partikula">alfa partikulak</a> igortzen dituzte, alfa partikula hauek ez dira helio atomoen nukleoak besterik (bi neutroi eta bi protoi), mineral hauetako lagin batean dagoen helio proportzioa neurtuz mineralaren antzinatasuna jakin liteke helio bidezko datatze sistema deritzo honi. Metodo hau beste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Datatze_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Datatze sistema (sortu gabe)">datatze sistema</a> askoren antzekoa da non elementu baten edo elementu baten isotopo jakin baten maila neurtuz laginaren antzinatasuna jakin litekeen<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-enc-3">[3]</a>. Tenperatura ikaragarri baxuetan (zero absolututik gertu) helio likidoa zenbait metalengan supereroankortasuna lortzeko erabiltzen da. Supereroakortasun elektrikoa iman supereroaleak lortzeko erabiltzen da erresonantzia magnetikoak edota karga astunak lebitatzeko balio dute gailu hauek (<a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">japoniako</a> bala trenak lebitazio magnetikoa darabil nahiz eta kasu hartan nitrogeno likidoa erabiltzen den). Tenperatura hotzak lortzeko ere erabili ohi da (ikus <a href="/wiki/Kriogenia" title="Kriogenia">kriogenia</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izakiengan_duen_eragina_eta_segurtasuna">Izakiengan duen eragina eta segurtasuna</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Izakiengan duen eragina eta segurtasuna»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Izakiengan duen eragina eta segurtasuna">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Helioa arnastean giza <a href="/wiki/Ahots" title="Ahots">ahotsaren</a> <a href="/wiki/Tonu" class="mw-disambig" title="Tonu">tonua</a> altutu egiten da aldi batez, honen arrazoaia <a href="/wiki/Soinu" title="Soinu">soinuak</a> helioan zehar edatzeko duen abiaduran datza airean zehar baino hiru aldiz azkarragoa baita. Ahotsaren tonua <a href="/wiki/Ahots_korda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahots korda">ahots korden</a> <a href="/wiki/Bibrazio" title="Bibrazio">bibrazioan</a> datza eta bibrazio hauek sorturiko <a href="/wiki/Uhin" title="Uhin">uhinek</a> medioan zehar edatzeko duten moduan<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Presio_uhin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Presio uhin (sortu gabe)">Presio uhinek</a> medioan zehar edatzen diren abiadurari <a href="/wiki/Soinuaren_abiadura" class="mw-redirect" title="Soinuaren abiadura">soinuaren abiadura</a> deritzo eta esan bezala baldintza normaletan helioaren soinu abiadura airearena baino hiru aldiz handiagoa da. Helioa arnasterakoan ahots kordek helioz beteriko ingurune batean bibratzen dute tonua altutzen delarik. Bada kontrako efektua, ahots tonuaren beheratzea, eragiten duen gasik <a href="/wiki/Sufre" title="Sufre">sufre</a> hexafluoridoa esaterako. Helioak bere hortan gorputzarengan kalterik eragiten ez duen arren helioa denbora luzez <a href="/wiki/Arnasketa" title="Arnasketa">arnastea</a> kaltegarria izan liteke <a href="/wiki/Birika" title="Birika">biriketako</a> <a href="/wiki/Aire" title="Aire">airea</a> ordezkatu eta <a href="/wiki/Asfixia" title="Asfixia">asfixia</a> sor baitezake, gainera helioak birikak beterik mantentzen dituenez, birikek ez dute helio eta airearen arteko alderik nabaritzen, ez da asfixia sentsaziorik nabari oso arriskutsua izan litekeena<a href="#cite_note-nbb-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Grass-72">[72]</a>. Helio puruak minutu gutxi batzuen buruan heriotza ekar dezake. Helio bidezko asfixian zein <a href="/wiki/Karbono_dioxido" title="Karbono dioxido">karbono dioxido</a> bidezkoan ez da aire faltarik nabaritzen biktimak ohartu gabe hiltzen direlarik. Helioa bonbona batetik bere hortan arnastea arriskutsua izan liteke gasa presio handiz irten bailiteke barotrauma sortuz edota birikak leherraraziz<a href="#cite_note-Grass-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-slate-73">[73]</a>. Bonbona batetik arnasteak gainera bonbonaren balbulak engrasatzeko erabilitako substantzien arnastea ekar dezake hauek oso kaltegarriak izan daitezkelarik<a href="#cite_note-slate-73">[73]</a>. Helio neutrala, baldintza estandarretan, ez da toxikoa eta ez du eragin biologikorik giza odolean helio arrastoak aurki daitezkeelarik. Presio altuan ordea, 20 atm edo 20 MPa baino altuagoak, helio eta oxigeno nahasketek (helioxak adibidez) sistema nerbiosoarengan eragina dute logura sor dezaketelarik, hau ebazeko nitrogeno piska bat gehitu ohi da helio eta oxigeno nahasketetan<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a>. 5 eta 10ºK artean helioa gordetzen duten gordailuak kontu handiz erabili behar dira, barnean helio likidoa balute bezala, barneko gasa kanpora irtetean harrigarriki handitzen baita eta honek leherketak sor ditzake<a href="#cite_note-LANL.gov-33">[33]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera">Ikus, gainera</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">Isotopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elementu_kimiko" title="Elementu kimiko">Elementu kimiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_noble" title="Gas noble">Gas noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">Molekula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superfluido" title="Superfluido">Superjariakortasun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriogenia" title="Kriogenia">Kriogenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Materiaren_egoera" title="Materiaren egoera">Materiaren egoera</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-frnch-1"><a href="#cite_ref-frnch_1-0">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Kochhar, R. K.. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1991JBAA..101...95K/0000100.000.html">«French astronomers in India during the 17th - 19th centuries»</a> Journal of the British Astronomical Association 101 (2): 95–100. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2008-07-27). </li> <li id="cite_note-nbb-2">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbb_2-9">j</a> (Ingelesez) Emsley, John. (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. 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Hampel. (1968). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. 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(1906). «Helium in Natural Gas» Science 24 (611): 344.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.24.611.344">10.1126/science.24.611.344</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17772798">17772798</a>.. </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Cady, H. P.; McFarland, D. F.. (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mc1litvip.jstor.org/stable/3624645">Helium in Kansas Natural Gas. </a> 20 Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 80–81 or.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F3624645">10.2307/3624645</a>. 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(2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airproducts.com/NR/rdonlyres/E44F8293-1CEE-4D80-86EA-F9815927BE7E/0/ChallengestoHeliumSupply111003.pdf">«Challenges to the Worldwide Supply of Helium in the Next Decade»</a> (PDF) Advances in Cryogenic Engineering 49 A (710): 119–138.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1063%2F1.1774674">10.1063/1.1774674</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2008-07-20). </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaplan2007-28"><a href="#cite_ref-Kaplan2007_28-0">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Kaplan, Karen H.. (June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ptonline.aip.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_60/iss_6/31_1.shtml">«Helium shortage hampers research and industry»</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Physics_Today&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Physics Today (sortu gabe)">Physics Today</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Institute_of_Physics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Institute of Physics (sortu gabe)">American Institute of Physics</a>) 60 (6): 31–32.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1063%2F1.2754594">10.1063/1.2754594</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2008-07-20). </li> <li id="cite_note-Basu2007-29"><a href="#cite_ref-Basu2007_29-0">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Basu, Sourish. (October 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciamdigital.com/index.cfm?fa=Products.ViewIssuePreview&ARTICLEID_CHAR=E0D18FB2-3048-8A5E-104115527CB01ADB">«Updates: Into Thin Air»</a> in Yam, Philip Scientific American (Scientific American, Inc.) 297 (4): 18. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2008-08-04). </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> (Ingelesez) «Solubility of helium and neon in water and seawater» J. Chem. Eng. Data 16 (2): 235–241.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fje60049a019">10.1021/je60049a019</a>.. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Stone, Jack A.; Stejskal, Alois. 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(1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2661">«The causes, mechanisms and prevention of the high pressure nervous syndrome»</a> Undersea Biomed. Res. 1 (1): 1–28. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/2068005">.2068005</a> <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4619860">4619860</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2008-08-09). </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bibliografia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helio&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="references-small"> <ul><li>(Ingelesez) Bureau of Mines. (1967). Minerals yearbook mineral fuels Year 1965, Volume II (1967). U. S. Government Printing Office.</li> <li>(Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chartofthenuclides.com/default.html">«Chart of the Nuclides: Fourteenth Edition»</a> General Electric Company.</li> <li>(Ingelesez) Emsley, John. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elements0000emsl">The Elements. </a> (3.. argitaraldia) New York: Oxford University Press <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-0198558187" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-0198558187">978-0198558187</a>..</li> <li>(Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/helium/heliumcs07.pdf">«Mineral Information for Helium»</a> (PDF) United States Geological Survey (usgs.gov) (Noiz kontsultatua: 2007-01-05).</li> <li>(Ingelesez) Vercheval, J.. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050101090349/www.oma.be/BIRA-IASB/Public/Research/Thermo/Thermotxt.en.html">«The thermosphere: a part of the heterosphere»</a> Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (Noiz kontsultatua: 2008-07-12).</li> <li>(Ingelesez) Zastenker, G. N. et al.. 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