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id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Powers_and_duties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Powers_and_duties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Powers and duties</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Powers_and_duties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Powers and duties subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Powers_and_duties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Executive_powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Executive powers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Cabinet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>State Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prosecution_and_pardoning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prosecution_and_pardoning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Prosecution and pardoning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prosecution_and_pardoning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Legislative powers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ceremonial_duties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceremonial_duties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ceremonial duties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceremonial_duties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Detailed_powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Detailed_powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Detailed powers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Detailed_powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compensation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compensation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Compensation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compensation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Residence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Residence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Residence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Residence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eligibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eligibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Eligibility</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eligibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Removal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Removal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Removal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Removal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>List</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Timeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">President of Iceland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_d%27Islandia" title="Presidente d'Islandia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Presidente d'Islandia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slandiya_Prezidenti" title="İslandiya Prezidenti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslandiya Prezidenti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Прэзідэнт Ісландыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прэзідэнт Ісландыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%86%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Прэзыдэнт Ісьляндыі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прэзыдэнт Ісьляндыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_d%27Isl%C3%A0ndia" title="President d'Islàndia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="President d'Islàndia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezident_Islandu" title="Prezident Islandu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prezident Islandu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islands_pr%C3%A6sident" title="Islands præsident – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islands præsident" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1ndda_presideanta" title="Islándda presideanta – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Islándda presideanta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sident_Islands" title="Präsident Islands – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsident Islands" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandi_president" title="Islandi president – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islandi president" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_de_Islandia" title="Presidente de Islandia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Presidente de Islandia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رئیس‌جمهور ایسلند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رئیس‌جمهور ایسلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_l%27Islande" title="Président de l'Islande – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Président de l'Islande" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uachtar%C3%A1n_na_h%C3%8Doslainne" title="Uachtarán na hÍoslainne – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uachtarán na hÍoslainne" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceann-suidhe_Innise_T%C3%ACle" title="Ceann-suidhe Innise Tìle – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ceann-suidhe Innise Tìle" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_de_Islandia" title="Presidente de Islandia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Presidente de Islandia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9" title="아이슬란드의 대통령 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이슬란드의 대통령" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forseti_%C3%8Dslands" title="Forseti Íslands – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Forseti Íslands" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="נשיא איסלנד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נשיא איסלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandes_prezidentu_uzskait%C4%ABjums" title="Islandes prezidentu uzskaitījums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islandes prezidentu uzskaitījums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandijos_prezidentas" title="Islandijos prezidentas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islandijos prezidentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ისლანდიაშ პრეზიდენტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ისლანდიაშ პრეზიდენტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="رئيس ايسلاندا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رئيس ايسلاندا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presiden_Iceland" title="Presiden Iceland – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Presiden Iceland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_van_IJsland" title="President van IJsland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="President van IJsland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98" title="アイスランドの大統領 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイスランドの大統領" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islands_president" title="Islands president – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islands president" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezydenci_Islandii" title="Prezydenci Islandii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prezydenci Islandii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre%C8%99edintele_Islandei" title="Președintele Islandei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Președintele Islandei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="featured list badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Президент Исландии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Президент Исландии" 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">President of Iceland</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><span title="Icelandic-language text"><i lang="is">Forseti Íslands</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Icelandic_language" title="Icelandic language">Icelandic</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/113px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1825" data-file-height="2301" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland" title="Coat of arms of Iceland">Presidential Coat of Arms</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iceland" title="Flag of Iceland">Presidential Standard</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg/200px-Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg/300px-Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg/400px-Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1926" data-file-height="2647" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Halla Tómasdóttir">Halla Tómasdóttir</a><br /></div>since 1 August 2024</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Office of the President</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_(government_title)" title="President (government title)">Madam/Mr President</a> (informal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excellency" title="Excellency">His/Her Excellency</a> (diplomatic)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data">State Council of Iceland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">Residence</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bessasta%C3%B0ir" title="Bessastaðir">Bessastaðir</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seat_(legal_entity)" title="Seat (legal entity)">Seat</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gar%C3%B0ab%C3%A6r" title="Garðabær">Garðabær</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">Popular vote</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting" title="Plurality voting">plurality voting</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Four years, no term limits</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Iceland" title="Constitution of Iceland">Constitution of Iceland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Precursor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarchy of Iceland">King of Iceland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">17 June 1944<span class="noprint">; 80 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1944-06-17</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson" title="Sveinn Björnsson">Sveinn Björnsson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Succession</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Succession">Line of succession</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data">€289,000 annually<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forseti.is/en">forseti<wbr />.is<wbr />/en</a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span><br /><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forseti.is">forseti<wbr />.is</a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Icelandic)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iceland" title="Politics of Iceland">Politics of Iceland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg/165px-Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="870" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iceland" title="Politics of Iceland">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Iceland" title="Constitution of Iceland">Constitution of Iceland</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Iceland" title="Law of Iceland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Iceland" title="Taxation in Iceland">Taxation</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932013_Icelandic_constitutional_reform" title="2010–2013 Icelandic constitutional reform">Constitutional reform</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Althing</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_Parliament_of_Iceland" title="List of speakers of the Parliament of Iceland">Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Birgir_%C3%81rmannsson" title="Birgir Ármannsson">Birgir Ármannsson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_(Iceland)" title="Independence Party (Iceland)">D</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_parliament_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the parliament of Iceland">Members of Parliament</a></li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Althing_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Althing_2019.svg/50px-Althing_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Althing_2019.svg/75px-Althing_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Althing_2019.svg/100px-Althing_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_Iceland" title="Constituencies of Iceland">Constituencies</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iceland#Executive_branch" title="Politics of Iceland">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/45px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1825" data-file-height="2301" /></a></span> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">President of Iceland</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Halla Tómasdóttir">Halla Tómasdóttir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">I</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">Prime Minister of Iceland</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1970)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1970)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independence_Party_(Iceland)" title="Independence Party (Iceland)">D</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Iceland" title="Cabinet of Iceland">Cabinet</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Judiciary of Iceland">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Iceland" title="Supreme Court of Iceland">Supreme Court of Iceland</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Justices of the Supreme Court of Iceland">President Benedikt Bogason</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Justices of the Supreme Court of Iceland">Justices of the Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Iceland" title="Elections in Iceland">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2020 Icelandic presidential election">Presidential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Icelandic_parliamentary_election" title="2021 Icelandic parliamentary election">Parliamentary</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Icelandic_constitutional_referendum" title="2012 Icelandic constitutional referendum">2012 referendum</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Iceland" title="List of political parties in Iceland">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Iceland" title="List of political parties in Iceland">List of political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Iceland" title="Administrative divisions of Iceland">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Iceland" title="Regions of Iceland">Regions <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>Landshlutar</i>)</span></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Iceland" title="Municipalities of Iceland">Municipalities <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>Sveitarfélög</i>)</span></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Localities_of_Iceland" title="Localities of Iceland">Localities <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>Kaupstaðir</i>)</span></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iceland" title="Foreign relations of Iceland">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; background:lavender; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_mission" title="Diplomatic mission">Diplomatic missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Iceland" title="List of diplomatic missions of Iceland">of Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Iceland" title="List of diplomatic missions in Iceland">in Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iceland–European Union relations">Iceland and the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_Wars" title="Cod Wars">Cod Wars <span style="font-size:85%;">(1950s / 1970s)</span></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Iceland" title="Portal:Iceland">Iceland portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Iceland" title="Template:Politics of Iceland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Iceland" title="Template talk:Politics of Iceland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Iceland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Iceland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>president of Iceland</b> (<a href="/wiki/Icelandic_language" title="Icelandic language">Icelandic</a>: <i lang="is">Forseti Íslands</i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>. The incumbent is <a href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Halla Tómasdóttir">Halla Tómasdóttir</a>, who won the <a href="/wiki/2024_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2024 Icelandic presidential election">2024 presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The president is elected to a four-year term by popular vote, is not term-limited, and has limited powers. </p><p>Historically, while first-term elections have often been hard-fought, an incumbent president who decides to run again for office has usually run unopposed, or they have won re-election with an overwhelming majority of the vote when opposed. The 2012 election was a notable exception to this, where incumbent Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson won with only 52.78% of the vote. </p><p>Iceland was the first country to have an elected female head of state when <a href="/wiki/Vigd%C3%ADs_Finnbogad%C3%B3ttir" title="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir">Vigdís Finnbogadóttir</a> assumed Iceland's presidency on 1 August 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The presidential residence is situated in <a href="/wiki/Bessasta%C3%B0ir" title="Bessastaðir">Bessastaðir</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gar%C3%B0ab%C3%A6r" title="Garðabær">Garðabær</a>, near the capital city <a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Iceland <a href="/wiki/1944_Icelandic_constitutional_referendum" title="1944 Icelandic constitutional referendum">became a republic</a> in 1944 by the passing of a new constitution the position of <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarchy of Iceland">King of Iceland</a> was simply replaced by the president of Iceland. A transitional provision of the new constitution stipulated that the first president be elected by the Parliament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Forseti" title="Forseti">Forseti</a></div> <p>The term for <i>president</i> in Icelandic is <i>forseti</i>. The word <i><a href="/wiki/Forseti" title="Forseti">forseti</a></i> means <i>one who sits foremost</i> (<i>sá sem fremst situr</i>) in <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a>/<a href="/wiki/Icelandic_language" title="Icelandic language">Icelandic</a> or literally <i>fore-sitter</i>. It is the name of one of the <a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir" title="Æsir">Æsir</a>, the god of justice and reconciliation in Norse mythology. He is generally identified with Fosite, a god of the <a href="/wiki/Frisians" title="Frisians">Frisians</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Powers_and_duties">Powers and duties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Powers and duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive_powers">Executive powers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Executive powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cabinet">Cabinet</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president appoints ministers to the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Iceland" title="Cabinet of Iceland">Cabinet of Iceland</a>, determines their number and division of assignments. Ministers are not able to resign and must be discharged by the president. The ministers are delegated the president's executive powers and are solely responsible for their actions. </p><p>In the aftermath of general elections, the president has the role to designate a party leader (the one that the president considers most likely to be able to form a majority coalition government) to formally start negotiations to form a government.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson" title="Sveinn Björnsson">Sveinn Björnsson</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%81sgeir_%C3%81sgeirsson" title="Ásgeir Ásgeirsson">Ásgeir Ásgeirsson</a> played highly active roles in the formation of governments, attempting to set up governments that suited their political preferences, whereas <a href="/wiki/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn" title="Kristján Eldjárn">Kristján Eldjárn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vigd%C3%ADs_Finnbogad%C3%B3ttir" title="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir">Vigdís Finnbogadóttir</a> were passive and neutral as to individuals and parties comprising the government.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="State_Council">State Council</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: State Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president and the Cabinet meet in the State Council. The Cabinet must inform the president of important matters of the state and drafted bills. During meetings the Cabinet may also suggest convening, adjourning or dissolving the Parliament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prosecution_and_pardoning">Prosecution and pardoning</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Prosecution and pardoning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president can decide that the prosecution for an offense be discontinued and can also grant <a href="/wiki/Pardon" title="Pardon">pardon</a> and amnesty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_powers">Legislative powers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legislative powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Article 2 of the constitution states that the president and the Parliament jointly exercise the legislative power. The president signs bills passed by the Parliament into law and can choose not to sign them, thus in effect <a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">vetoing</a> them. Bills vetoed by the president still take effect, should the Parliament not withdraw them, but they must be confirmed in a referendum. <a href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson" title="Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson">Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson</a> (who served 1996–2016) is the only president to have vetoed legislation from Parliament, having done so only on three occasions (2004, 2010, 2011). This power was originally intended to be used only in extremely extenuating circumstances.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The president has the power to submit bills and resolutions to the Parliament which it must take under consideration. Should the Parliament not be in session, the president can issue provisional laws which must conform with the constitution. Provisional laws become void if the Parliament does not confirm them when it convenes. No president has ever submitted bills nor resolutions, nor issued provisional laws. </p><p>Article 30 of the constitution states that the president can grant exceptions from laws. No president has yet exercised this authority. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Parliament">Parliament</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president convenes the Parliament after general elections and formally dissolves it. They can temporarily adjourn its sessions and move them if they deems so necessary. Furthermore, the president opens all regular sessions of the Parliament each year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ceremonial_duties">Ceremonial duties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ceremonial duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president is the designated grand master of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Falcon" title="Order of the Falcon">Order of the Falcon</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Detailed_powers">Detailed powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Detailed powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Powers of the President of Iceland </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Article in the Constitution</th> <th>Power </th></tr> <tr> <td>Article 15</td> <td>The President appoints Ministers and discharges them. He determines their number and assignments. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 19</td> <td>The signature of the President validates a legislative act or government measure when countersigned by a Minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 21</td> <td>The President of the Republic concludes treaties with other States. Unless approved by Althingi, he may not make such treaties if they entail renouncement of, or servitude on, territory or territorial waters, or if they require changes in the State system. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 23</td> <td>The President of the Republic may adjourn sessions of Althingi for a limited period of time, but not exceeding two weeks nor more than once a year. <p>Althingi may, however, authorize the President to deviate from this provision. If sessions of Althingi have been adjourned, the President of the Republic may nevertheless convene Althingi as deemed necessary. Moreover, the President, is obliged to do so upon the request of a majority of the Members of Althingi. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 24</td> <td>The President of the Republic may dissolve Althingi. A new election must take place within 45 days from the announcement of the dissolution. Althingi shall convene not later than ten weeks after its dissolution. Members of Althingi shall retain their mandate until Election Day. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 25</td> <td>The President of the Republic may have bills and draft resolutions submitted to Althingi. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 26</td> <td>If Althingi has passed a bill, it shall be submitted to the President of the Republic for confirmation not later than two weeks after it has been passed. Such confirmation gives it the force of law. If the President rejects a bill, it shall nevertheless become valid but shall, as soon as circumstances permit, be submitted to a vote by secret ballot of all those eligible to vote, for approval or rejection. The law shall become void if rejected, but otherwise retains its force. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 28</td> <td>In case of urgency, the President may issue provisional laws when Althingi is not in session. Such laws must not, however, be contrary to the Constitution. They shall always be submitted to Althingi as soon as it convenes.If Althingi does not approve a provisional law, or if it does not complete its consideration of the law within six weeks after convening, the law shall become void. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 29</td> <td>The President may decide that the prosecution for an offense be discontinued if there are strong reasons therefor. The President grants pardon and amnesty. However, he may not absolve a Minister from prosecution or from a punishment imposed by the Court of Impeachment, unless approved by Althingi. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 30</td> <td>The President, or other governmental authorities entrusted by the President, grants exemptions from laws in accordance with established practice. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compensation">Compensation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Compensation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president receives a monthly salary of 2,480,341 <a href="/wiki/Icelandic_kr%C3%B3na" title="Icelandic króna">ISK</a>. Article 9 of the constitution states the salary cannot be lowered for an incumbent president. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Residence">Residence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Residence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Article 12 of the constitution states that the president shall reside in or near <a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a>. Since inception the official residence of the president has been <a href="/wiki/Bessasta%C3%B0ir" title="Bessastaðir">Bessastaðir</a> which is in <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lftanes" title="Álftanes">Álftanes</a>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg/220px-Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg/330px-Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg/440px-Bessasta%C3%B0ir_with_Reykavik_in_the_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Bessastaðir with Reykjavík in the background</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eligibility">Eligibility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Eligibility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Articles 4 and 5 of the constitution set the following qualifications for holding the presidency: </p> <ul><li>meet the qualifications specified for members of the Althingi</li> <li>be at least thirty-five years old</li> <li>have at least 1,500 commendations</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession">Succession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Succession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Articles 7 and 8 of the constitution state that when the president dies, resigns or is otherwise unable to perform their duties, such as when they are abroad or sick, the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">prime minister</a>, the president of the <a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Parliament</a> and the president of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Iceland" title="Supreme Court of Iceland">Supreme Court</a> shall collectively assume the power of the office until the president can resume their duties or a new president has been elected. Their meetings are led by the president of the Parliament where they vote on any presidential decision. </p><p>The above also occurs as an <a href="/wiki/Interregnum" title="Interregnum">interregnum</a> between the expiration of the previous president's term at midnight on 1 August and the inauguration of their successor.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If the office of the president becomes vacant because of death or resignation, a new president shall be elected by the general public to a four-year term ending on 1 August in the fourth year after the elections. <a href="/wiki/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson" title="Sveinn Björnsson">Sveinn Björnsson</a> remains the only president to die in office in 1952, triggering a presidential election one year ahead of schedule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Removal">Removal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Removal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Article 11 of the constitution lays out the process by which the president can be removed from office. It states that the president does not bear responsibility for the actions of their government and that they can not be prosecuted without consent of the Parliament. A <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a> instigated by the Parliament with 3/4 support must approve of their removal. Once the Parliament has approved of the referendum, the president must temporarily step aside until the results of the referendum are known. The referendum must be held within two months of the vote, and, should the removal be rejected by the people, then the Parliament must immediately be dissolved and a new <a href="/wiki/General_election" title="General election">general election</a> held. </p><p>A removal from office has not occurred since the founding of the republic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List">List</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: List"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been seven presidents since the establishment of the republic. </p><p><b>Term:</b> <sup>1</sup> <i>appointed</i> · <sup>2</sup> <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_and_government_who_died_in_office" title="List of heads of state and government who died in office">died in office</a></i> · <sup>3</sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Uncontested_election" title="Uncontested election">uncontested</a></i> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nº </th> <th colspan="2">President </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Duration </th> <th>Term </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">Prime ministers</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="text-align: right;"><b>1</b> </td> <td rowspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg/100px-Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg/150px-Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg/200px-Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="4" style="width: 20%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson" title="Sveinn Björnsson">Sveinn Björnsson</a></b><br /><small>(1881–1952)</small> </td> <td rowspan="3">17 June 1944 </td> <td rowspan="3">25 January 1952<sup>2</sup> </td> <td rowspan="3">7 years, 7 months, 8 days<br /><small>(2,778 days)</small> </td> <td>1 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1944_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1944 Icelandic presidential election">1944</a>)</small><sup>1</sup> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_%C3%9E%C3%B3r%C3%B0arson" title="Björn Þórðarson">Björn Þórðarson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_Thors" title="Ólafur Thors">Ólafur Thors</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Stef%C3%A1n_J%C3%B3hann_Stef%C3%A1nsson" title="Stefán Jóhann Stefánsson">Stefán Jóhann Stefánsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_Thors" title="Ólafur Thors">Ólafur Thors</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Steingr%C3%ADmur_Stein%C3%BE%C3%B3rsson" title="Steingrímur Steinþórsson">Steingrímur Steinþórsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1945_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1945 Icelandic presidential election">1945</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1949_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1949 Icelandic presidential election">1949</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small>Regent of Iceland 1941–1944, later became the first president of Iceland. In 1950 considered forming a government that did not rely on parliamentary support after leaders of the parliamentary parties had reached an <a href="/wiki/Impasse" title="Impasse">impasse</a>. The only president to die in office; this led to a vacancy, the powers of the office being constitutionally vested jointly in the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">prime minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/Steingr%C3%ADmur_Stein%C3%BE%C3%B3rsson" title="Steingrímur Steinþórsson">Steingrímur Steinþórsson</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">president of the Parliament</a> (Jón Pálmason) and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Iceland" title="Supreme Court of Iceland">president of the Supreme Court</a> (Jón Ásbjörnsson).</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" style="text-align: right;"><b>2</b> </td> <td rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg/100px-Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg/150px-Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg/200px-Asgeir_Asgeirsson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="472" data-file-height="591" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/%C3%81sgeir_%C3%81sgeirsson" title="Ásgeir Ásgeirsson">Ásgeir Ásgeirsson</a></b><br /><small>(1894–1972)</small> </td> <td rowspan="4">1 August 1952 </td> <td rowspan="4">31 July 1968 </td> <td rowspan="4">16 years<br /><small>(5,844 days)</small> </td> <td>4 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1952_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1952 Icelandic presidential election">1952</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="4">Steingrímur Steinþórsson<br />Ólafur Thors<br /><a href="/wiki/Hermann_J%C3%B3nasson" title="Hermann Jónasson">Hermann Jónasson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Emil_J%C3%B3nsson" title="Emil Jónsson">Emil Jónsson</a><br />Ólafur Thors<br /><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1908)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1908)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a><br />Ólafur Thors<br /><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1908)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1908)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1956_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1956 Icelandic presidential election">1956</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1960_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1960 Icelandic presidential election">1960</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1964_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1964 Icelandic presidential election">1964</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small>First president elected by <a href="/wiki/Election" title="Election">popular vote</a>.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" style="text-align: right;"><b>3</b> </td> <td rowspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_(1982).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_%281982%29.jpg/100px-Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_%281982%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_%281982%29.jpg/150px-Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_%281982%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_%281982%29.jpg/200px-Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn_%281982%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="796" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="4"><b><a href="/wiki/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn" title="Kristján Eldjárn">Kristján Eldjárn</a></b><br /><small>(1916–1982)</small> </td> <td rowspan="3">1 August 1968 </td> <td rowspan="3">31 July 1980 </td> <td rowspan="3">12 years<br /><small>(4,383 days)</small> </td> <td>8 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1968_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1968 Icelandic presidential election">1968</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1908)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1908)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3hann_Hafstein" title="Jóhann Hafstein">Jóhann Hafstein</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_J%C3%B3hannesson" title="Ólafur Jóhannesson">Ólafur Jóhannesson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Geir_Hallgr%C3%ADmsson" title="Geir Hallgrímsson">Geir Hallgrímsson</a><br />Ólafur Jóhannesson<br /><a href="/wiki/Benedikt_Sigur%C3%B0sson_Gr%C3%B6ndal" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal">Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Thoroddsen" title="Gunnar Thoroddsen">Gunnar Thoroddsen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1972_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1972 Icelandic presidential election">1972</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1976_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1976 Icelandic presidential election">1976</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small>At one point considered forming a government that did not rely on parliamentary support after leaders of the parliamentary parties had reached an <a href="/wiki/Impasse" title="Impasse">impasse</a>.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" style="text-align: right;"><b>4</b> </td> <td rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_(1985).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_%281985%29.jpg/100px-Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_%281985%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_%281985%29.jpg/150px-Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_%281985%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_%281985%29.jpg/200px-Vigdis_Finnbogadottir_%281985%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="761" data-file-height="1014" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Vigd%C3%ADs_Finnbogad%C3%B3ttir" title="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir">Vigdís Finnbogadóttir</a></b><br /><small>(born 1930)</small> </td> <td rowspan="4">1 August 1980 </td> <td rowspan="4">31 July 1996 </td> <td rowspan="4">16 years<br /><small>(5,844 days)</small> </td> <td>11 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1980_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1980 Icelandic presidential election">1980</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Thoroddsen" title="Gunnar Thoroddsen">Gunnar Thoroddsen</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Steingr%C3%ADmur_Hermannsson" title="Steingrímur Hermannsson">Steingrímur Hermannsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorsteinn_P%C3%A1lsson" title="Þorsteinn Pálsson">Þorsteinn Pálsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Steingr%C3%ADmur_Hermannsson" title="Steingrímur Hermannsson">Steingrímur Hermannsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dav%C3%AD%C3%B0_Oddsson" title="Davíð Oddsson">Davíð Oddsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1984_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1984 Icelandic presidential election">1984</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1988_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1988 Icelandic presidential election">1988</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1992_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1992 Icelandic presidential election">1992</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small>Was the world's first elected <a href="/wiki/List_of_elected_or_appointed_female_heads_of_state#List_of_female_heads_of_state" class="mw-redirect" title="List of elected or appointed female heads of state">female president</a>. Won first term in office with the lowest historical share of the votes for a first-term election (33.79%) but overwhelmingly won her <a href="/wiki/1988_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1988 Icelandic presidential election">third-term election in 1988</a>.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" style="text-align: right;"><b>5</b> </td> <td rowspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson,_September_2011_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson%2C_September_2011_%28cropped%29.jpeg/100px-%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson%2C_September_2011_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson%2C_September_2011_%28cropped%29.jpeg/150px-%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson%2C_September_2011_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson%2C_September_2011_%28cropped%29.jpeg/200px-%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson%2C_September_2011_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="1676" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="6"><b><a href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson" title="Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson">Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson</a></b><br /><small>(born 1943)</small> </td> <td rowspan="5">1 August 1996 </td> <td rowspan="5">31 July 2016 </td> <td rowspan="5">20 years<br /><small>(7,305 days)</small> </td> <td>15 <small>(<a href="/wiki/1996_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="1996 Icelandic presidential election">1996</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Dav%C3%AD%C3%B0_Oddsson" title="Davíð Oddsson">Davíð Oddsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Halld%C3%B3r_%C3%81sgr%C3%ADmsson" title="Halldór Ásgrímsson">Halldór Ásgrímsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Geir_Haarde" title="Geir Haarde">Geir Haarde</a><br /><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3hanna_Sigur%C3%B0ard%C3%B3ttir" title="Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir">Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sigmundur_Dav%C3%AD%C3%B0_Gunnlaugsson" title="Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson">Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sigur%C3%B0ur_Ingi_J%C3%B3hannsson" title="Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson">Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2000_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2000 Icelandic presidential election">2000</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2004_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2004 Icelandic presidential election">2004</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2008_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2008 Icelandic presidential election">2008</a>)</small><sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2012_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2012 Icelandic presidential election">2012</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small>First to use the constitutional veto power under Article 26 to deny signing a law from the <a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Parliament</a>. Used it again on two occasions.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align: right;"><b>6</b> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_(2017-03-30).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_%282017-03-30%29.jpg/100px-Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_%282017-03-30%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_%282017-03-30%29.jpg/150px-Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_%282017-03-30%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_%282017-03-30%29.jpg/200px-Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson_%282017-03-30%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1097" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="3"><b><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson" title="Guðni Th. Jóhannesson">Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson</a></b><br /><small>(born 1968)</small> </td> <td rowspan="2">1 August 2016 </td> <td rowspan="2">31 July 2024 </td> <td rowspan="2">8 years<br /><small>(2,921 days)</small> </td> <td>20 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2016_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2016 Icelandic presidential election">2016</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sigur%C3%B0ur_Ingi_J%C3%B3hannsson" title="Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson">Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1970)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1970)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Katr%C3%ADn_Jakobsd%C3%B3ttir" title="Katrín Jakobsdóttir">Katrín Jakobsdóttir</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1970)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1970)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2020_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2020 Icelandic presidential election">2020</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small>Overwhelmingly won his <a href="/wiki/2020_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2020 Icelandic presidential election">second-term election in 2020</a>.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align: right;"><b>7</b> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg/100px-Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg/150px-Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg/200px-Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir_at_Arctic_Circle_2024_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1926" data-file-height="2647" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Halla Tómasdóttir">Halla Tómasdóttir</a></b><br /><small>(born 1968)</small> </td> <td>1 August 2024 </td> <td>Incumbent </td> <td>119 days </td> <td>22 <small>(<a href="/wiki/2024_Icelandic_presidential_election" title="2024 Icelandic presidential election">2024</a>)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bjarni_Benediktsson_(born_1970)" title="Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1970)">Bjarni Benediktsson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><small></small><small>Won with the second lowest historical share of the votes for a first-term election (34.15%). This was her second attempt at a presidential run, the first one having been in 2016 where she came in second.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_61ci3braleh2f3ug4puoefy86g1x3v9"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" coords="371,200,536,224" title="Halla Tómasdóttir" alt="Halla Tómasdóttir" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0ni_Thorlacius_J%C3%B3hannesson" coords="319,177,557,201" title="Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson" alt="Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson" coords="250,154,449,178" title="Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson" alt="Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Vigd%C3%ADs_Finnbogad%C3%B3ttir" coords="197,131,388,155" title="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir" alt="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn" coords="162,108,321,132" title="Kristján Eldjárn" alt="Kristján Eldjárn" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%C3%81sgeir_%C3%81sgeirsson" coords="84,86,249,110" title="Ásgeir Ásgeirsson" alt="Ásgeir Ásgeirsson" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson" coords="50,63,201,87" title="Sveinn Björnsson" alt="Sveinn Björnsson" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_61ci3braleh2f3ug4puoefy86g1x3v9" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/61ci3braleh2f3ug4puoefy86g1x3v9.png" /></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Per Article 5 of the Constitution.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Iceland">List of rulers of Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spouses_and_partners_of_Icelandic_presidents" title="List of spouses and partners of Icelandic presidents">List of spouses and partners of Icelandic presidents</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icelandmag.is/article/icelands-president-turns-down-a-monthly-pay-increase-5300-usd">"Iceland's president turns down a monthly pay increase of 5,300 USD"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iceland%27s+president+turns+down+a+monthly+pay+increase+of+5%2C300+USD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ficelandmag.is%2Farticle%2Ficelands-president-turns-down-a-monthly-pay-increase-5300-usd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/2/businesswoman-halla-tomasdottir-set-to-become-icelands-next-president">"Businesswoman Halla Tomasdottir set to become Iceland's next president"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240602163049/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/6/2/businesswoman-halla-tomasdottir-set-to-become-icelands-next-president">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Businesswoman+Halla+Tomasdottir+set+to+become+Iceland%27s+next+president&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F6%2F2%2Fbusinesswoman-halla-tomasdottir-set-to-become-icelands-next-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/20200731-vigdis-finnbogadottir-the-world-s-first-elected-female-president">"Vigdis Finnbogadottir, the world's first elected female president"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 31 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Vigdis+Finnbogadottir%2C+the+world%27s+first+elected+female+president.&rft.date=2020-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2F20200731-vigdis-finnbogadottir-the-world-s-first-elected-female-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=22085">"Hvað gerir forseti Íslands og hvaða völd hefur hann?"</a>. <i>Vísindavefurinn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=V%C3%ADsindavefurinn&rft.atitle=Hva%C3%B0+gerir+forseti+%C3%8Dslands+og+hva%C3%B0a+v%C3%B6ld+hefur+hann%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visindavefur.is%2Fsvar.php%3Fid%3D22085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJóhannesson2016" class="citation book cs1">Jóhannesson, Guðni Th. (2016). <i>Fyrstu forsetarnir</i>. p. 196.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fyrstu+forsetarnir&rft.pages=196&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=J%C3%B3hannesson&rft.aufirst=Gu%C3%B0ni+Th.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJóhannesson2016" class="citation book cs1">Jóhannesson, Guðni Th. (2016). <i>Fyrstu forsetarnir</i>. p. 57.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fyrstu+forsetarnir&rft.pages=57&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=J%C3%B3hannesson&rft.aufirst=Gu%C3%B0ni+Th.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.government.is/library/01-Ministries/Prime-Ministrers-Office/constitution_of_iceland.pdf">Constitution of the Republic of Iceland</a> government.is</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsdóttir2024" class="citation web cs1">Adamsdóttir, Margrét (31 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ruv.is/english/418769">"Goodbye to Guðni, hello to Halla"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%9AV" title="RÚV">RÚV</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2024</span>. <q>According to tradition, Guðni's presidential term ends at midnight. Then the Speaker of the Althing, the Prime Minister and the President of the Supreme Court take over. They will perform the president's official duties until Halla takes the oath.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=R%C3%9AV&rft.atitle=Goodbye+to+Gu%C3%B0ni%2C+hello+to+Halla&rft.date=2024-07-31&rft.aulast=Adamsd%C3%B3ttir&rft.aufirst=Margr%C3%A9t&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruv.is%2Fenglish%2F418769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Iceland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.forseti.is">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iceland_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iceland_topics" title="Template:Iceland topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iceland_topics" title="Template talk:Iceland topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iceland_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iceland topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iceland_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Iceland/Lists_of_pages/Articles" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Iceland/Lists of pages/Articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Iceland" title="History of Iceland">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Iceland" title="Outline of Iceland">By topic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Iceland" title="Economic history of Iceland">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Iceland" title="Military history of Iceland">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Icelandic_nationality" title="History of Icelandic nationality">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_Iceland" title="Prohibition in Iceland">Prohibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Iceland">Rulers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Icelandic_history" title="Timeline of Icelandic history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Settlement_of_Iceland" title="Settlement of Iceland">Settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Commonwealth" title="Icelandic Commonwealth">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Iceland" title="Christianization of Iceland">Christianization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_in_Iceland" title="Nobility in Iceland">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_the_Sturlungs" title="Age of the Sturlungs">Sturlung Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Reformation" title="Icelandic Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish%E2%80%93Icelandic_Trade_Monopoly" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish–Icelandic Trade Monopoly">Danish trade monopoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_independence_movement" title="Icelandic independence movement">Independence Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iceland" title="Kingdom of Iceland">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland_in_World_War_II" title="Iceland in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_invasion_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="British invasion of Iceland">Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland_in_the_Cold_War" title="Iceland in the Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_Wars" title="Cod Wars">Cod Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932011_Icelandic_financial_crisis" title="2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis">2008–2011 financial crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Arms_of_Iceland.svg/80px-Arms_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Arms_of_Iceland.svg/120px-Arms_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Arms_of_Iceland.svg/160px-Arms_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Iceland" title="Geography of Iceland">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Iceland" title="Climate of Iceland">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Iceland" title="List of earthquakes in Iceland">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_Iceland" title="List of extreme points of Iceland">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fjords_of_Iceland" title="List of fjords of Iceland">Fjords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forests_in_Iceland" title="List of forests in Iceland">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Iceland" title="Geology of Iceland">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_Iceland" title="List of glaciers in Iceland">Glaciers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlands_of_Iceland" title="Highlands of Iceland">Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Iceland" title="List of islands of Iceland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Iceland" title="List of lakes of Iceland">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Iceland" title="List of national parks of Iceland">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Iceland" title="List of rivers of Iceland">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_of_Iceland" title="List of valleys of Iceland">Valleys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanism_of_Iceland" title="Volcanism of Iceland">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of waterfalls of Iceland">Waterfalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Iceland" title="Wildlife of Iceland">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_Iceland" title="Constituencies of Iceland">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Iceland" title="Counties of Iceland">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farthings_of_Iceland" title="Farthings of Iceland">Farthings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localities_of_Iceland" title="Localities of Iceland">Localities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Iceland" title="Municipalities of Iceland">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Iceland" title="Regions of Iceland">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iceland" title="Politics of Iceland">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Iceland" title="Administrative divisions of Iceland">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Iceland" title="Cabinet of Iceland">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Iceland" title="Constitution of Iceland">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Iceland" title="Elections in Iceland">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iceland" title="Foreign relations of Iceland">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Iceland" title="Human rights in Iceland">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Iceland" title="Law of Iceland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Police" title="Icelandic Police">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Iceland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Iceland">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althing" title="Althing">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Iceland" title="List of political parties in Iceland">Political parties</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Iceland" title="Supreme Court of Iceland">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Iceland" title="Agriculture in Iceland">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Iceland" title="Banking in Iceland">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Iceland" title="Telecommunications in Iceland">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_kr%C3%B3na" title="Icelandic króna">Króna <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Iceland" title="Energy in Iceland">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Iceland" title="Nasdaq Iceland">Nasdaq Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_outvasion" title="Icelandic outvasion">Outvasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Iceland" title="Taxation in Iceland">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Iceland" title="Tourism in Iceland">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Iceland" title="Transport in Iceland">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Iceland" title="Category:Society of Iceland">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Iceland" title="Abortion in Iceland">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Iceland" title="Demographics of Iceland">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Iceland" title="Education in Iceland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Iceland" title="Healthcare in Iceland">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelanders" title="Icelanders">Icelanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Icelandic Language">Icelandic Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Iceland" title="Languages of Iceland">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iceland" title="Religion in Iceland">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Iceland" title="Women in Iceland">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Iceland" title="Culture of Iceland">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lofs%C3%B6ngur" title="Lofsöngur">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Iceland" title="Architecture of Iceland">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_art" title="Icelandic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chess_in_Iceland" title="Category:Chess in Iceland">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Iceland" title="Cinema of Iceland">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland" title="Coat of arms of Iceland">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_cuisine" title="Icelandic cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iceland" title="Flag of Iceland">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_literature" title="Icelandic literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Iceland" title="Mass media in Iceland">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iceland" title="Music of Iceland">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Iceland" title="Names of Iceland">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_national_costume" title="Icelandic national costume">National costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Iceland" title="Public holidays in Iceland">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Iceland" title="Sport in Iceland">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Iceland" title="Television in Iceland">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Iceland" title="Outline of Iceland">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Iceland/Lists_of_pages/Articles" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Iceland/Lists of pages/Articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Iceland" title="Category:Iceland">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Iceland" title="Portal:Iceland">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_Iceland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Iceland" title="Template:Presidents of Iceland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Iceland" title="Template talk:Presidents of Iceland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Iceland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Iceland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_Iceland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Presidents of Iceland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sveinn_Bj%C3%B6rnsson" title="Sveinn Björnsson">Sveinn Björnsson</a> (1944–1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81sgeir_%C3%81sgeirsson" title="Ásgeir Ásgeirsson">Ásgeir Ásgeirsson</a> (1952–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristj%C3%A1n_Eldj%C3%A1rn" title="Kristján Eldjárn">Kristján Eldjárn</a> (1968–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigd%C3%ADs_Finnbogad%C3%B3ttir" title="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir">Vigdís Finnbogadóttir</a> (1980–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93lafur_Ragnar_Gr%C3%ADmsson" title="Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson">Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson</a> (1996–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0ni_Th._J%C3%B3hannesson" title="Guðni Th. Jóhannesson">Guðni Th. Jóhannesson</a> (2016–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halla_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Halla Tómasdóttir">Halla Tómasdóttir</a> (since 2024)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Presidential coat of arms of Iceland"><img alt="Presidential coat of arms of Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/59px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg/79px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_President_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1825" data-file-height="2301" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" title="Template:Heads of state and government of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Heads of state and government of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Heads of state and government of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Heads of state and government of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Heads<br />of state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">UN members  <br />and observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Princes_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-Princes of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Armenia" title="President of Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Austria" title="President of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Azerbaijan" title="President of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Belarus" title="President of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Belgium" title="Monarchy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Croatia" title="President of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Cyprus" title="President of Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="President of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Denmark" title="Monarchy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Finland" title="President of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Georgia" title="President of Georgia">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Germany" title="President of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Greece" title="President of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Holy See (Vatican City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Hungary" title="President of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Latvia" title="President of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Monarchy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Lithuania" title="President of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Luxembourg" title="Monarchy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Malta" title="President of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Moldova" title="President of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Monaco" title="Monarchy of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Montenegro" title="President of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_North_Macedonia" title="President of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Norway" title="Monarchy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Poland" title="President of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">Russian Federation</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captains_Regent" title="Captains Regent">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Serbia" title="President of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Slovakia" title="President of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Slovenia" title="President of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princes_and_Grand_Masters_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Spain" title="Monarchy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden" title="Monarchy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Partially recognised<sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Abkhazia" title="President of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kosovo" title="President of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="President of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Ossetia" title="President of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Unrecognised states<sup>3</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Transnistria" title="President of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">Heads of<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">UN members  <br />and observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Andorra" title="List of heads of government of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Armenia" title="Prime Minister of Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Austria" title="Chancellor of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Azerbaijan" title="Prime Minister of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belarus" title="Prime Minister of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Croatia" title="Prime Minister of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Cyprus" title="President of Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Prime Minister of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Denmark" title="Prime Minister of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_France" title="Prime Minister of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Georgia" title="Prime Minister of Georgia">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Prime Minister of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">Holy See (Vatican City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Latvia" title="Prime Minister of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Liechtenstein" title="List of heads of government of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Lithuania" title="Prime Minister of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Luxembourg" title="List of prime ministers of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Moldova" title="Prime Minister of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Monaco)" title="Minister of State (Monaco)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Montenegro" title="Prime Minister of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_North_Macedonia" title="Prime Minister of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Norway" title="Prime Minister of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Poland" title="Prime Minister of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Russian Federation</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captains_Regent" title="Captains Regent">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Serbia" title="Prime Minister of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovakia" title="Prime Minister of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovenia" title="Prime Minister of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princes_and_Grand_Masters_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Partially recognised<sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Abkhazia" title="Prime Minister of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kosovo" title="Prime Minister of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Ossetia" title="Prime Minister of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Unrecognised states<sup>3</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Transnistria" title="Prime Minister of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>1. Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on geographical definition.</li> <li>2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.</li> <li>3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&oldid=1256024310">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=President_of_Iceland&oldid=1256024310</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_Iceland" title="Category:Presidents of Iceland">Presidents of Iceland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_political_office-holders_in_Iceland" title="Category:Lists of political office-holders in Iceland">Lists of political office-holders in Iceland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1944_introductions" title="Category:1944 introductions">1944 introductions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_by_country" title="Category:Presidents by country">Presidents by country</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1944_establishments_in_Iceland" title="Category:1944 establishments in Iceland">1944 establishments in Iceland</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_EasyTimeline_extension" title="Category:Pages using the EasyTimeline extension">Pages using the EasyTimeline extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2024">Use dmy dates from August 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Icelandic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Icelandic-language text">Articles containing Icelandic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Icelandic-language_sources_(is)" title="Category:Articles with Icelandic-language sources (is)">Articles with Icelandic-language sources (is)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 7 November 2024, at 21:02<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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