CINXE.COM
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page","20150530065519","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1432968919"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.26wmf7"/> <link rel="alternate" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/android-app://org.wikipedia/http/en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia picture of the day feed" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=featuredfeed&feed=potd&feedformat=atom"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia featured articles feed" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=featuredfeed&feed=featured&feedformat=atom"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia "On this day..." feed" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=featuredfeed&feed=onthisday&feedformat=atom"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="Wikipedia (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"/> <link rel="copyright" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519cs_/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.DRN-wizard%2CReferenceTooltips%2Ccharinsert%2Cfeatured-articles-links%2CrefToolbar%2Cswitcher%2Cteahouse%7Cext.uls.nojs%7Cext.visualEditor.viewPageTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikihiero%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cmediawiki.legacy.commonPrint%2Cshared%7Cmediawiki.sectionAnchor%7Cmediawiki.skinning.interface%7Cmediawiki.ui.button%7Cskins.vector.styles&only=styles&skin=vector&*"/> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519cs_/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=site&only=styles&skin=vector&*"/> <style>a:lang(ar),a:lang(kk-arab),a:lang(mzn),a:lang(ps),a:lang(ur){text-decoration:none} /* cache key: enwiki:resourceloader:filter:minify-css:7:3904d24a08aa08f6a68dc338f9be277e */</style> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519js_/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&skin=vector&*"></script> <script>if(window.mw){ mw.config.set({"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Main_Page","wgTitle":"Main Page","wgCurRevisionId":647785249,"wgRevisionId":647785249,"wgArticleId":15580374,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgMonthNamesShort":["","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"wgRelevantPageName":"Main_Page","wgRelevantArticleId":15580374,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["sysop"],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgIsMainPage":true,"wgWikiEditorEnabledModules":{"toolbar":true,"dialogs":true,"hidesig":true,"preview":false,"publish":false},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","usePageImages":true,"usePageDescriptions":true},"wikilove-recipient":"","wikilove-anon":0,"wgPoweredByHHVM":true,"wgULSAcceptLanguageList":[],"wgULSCurrentAutonym":"English","wgBetaFeaturesFeatures":[],"wgGatherShouldShowTutorial":true,"wgGatherPageImageThumbnail":"//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg/100px-FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg","wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1,"quality":2,"pristine":3}}},"wgStableRevisionId":null,"wgCategoryTreePageCategoryOptions":"{\"mode\":0,\"hideprefix\":20,\"showcount\":true,\"namespaces\":false}","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5296"}); }</script><script>if(window.mw){ mw.loader.implement("user.options",function($,jQuery){mw.user.options.set({"variant":"en"});});mw.loader.implement("user.tokens",function($,jQuery){mw.user.tokens.set({"editToken":"+\\","patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\"});}); /* cache key: enwiki:resourceloader:filter:minify-js:7:a5c52c063dc436c1ca7c9f456936a5e9 */ }</script> <script>if(window.mw){ mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.legacy.wikibits","mediawiki.legacy.ajax","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.head","ext.imageMetrics.head","ext.visualEditor.viewPageTarget.init","ext.uls.init","ext.uls.interface","ext.centralNotice.bannerController","skins.vector.js"]); }</script> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://meta.wikimedia.org/"/> <!--[if lt IE 7]><style type="text/css">body{behavior:url("/w/static/1.26wmf7/skins/Vector/csshover.min.htc")}</style><![endif]--> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-Main_Page skin-vector action-view"> <div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Main Page</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-head">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><table id="mp-topbanner" style="width:100%; background:#f9f9f9; margin:1.2em 0 6px 0; border:1px solid #ddd;"> <tr> <td style="width:61%; color:#000;"> <table style="width:280px; border:none; background:none;"> <tr> <td style="width:280px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000;"> <div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>,</div> <div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_content" title="Free content">free</a> <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a> that <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduction" title="Wikipedia:Introduction">anyone can edit</a>.</div> <div id="articlecount" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Statistics" title="Special:Statistics">4,880,618</a> articles in <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> <td style="width:13%; font-size:95%;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Arts" title="Portal:Arts">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li> </ul> </td> <td style="width:13%; font-size:95%;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Mathematics" title="Portal:Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science">Science</a></li> </ul> </td> <td style="width:13%; font-size:95%;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Society" title="Portal:Society">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology</a></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals" title="Portal:Contents/Portals">All portals</a></b></li> </ul> </td> </tr> </table> <table id="mp-upper" style="width: 100%; margin:4px 0 0 0; background:none; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr> <td class="MainPageBG" style="width:55%; border:1px solid #cef2e0; background:#f5fffa; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"> <table id="mp-left" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; background:#f5fffa;"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <h2 id="mp-tfa-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="From_today.27s_featured_article">From today's featured article</span></h2> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:#000;"> <div id="mp-tfa" style="padding:2px 5px"><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Headley" title="George Headley">George Headley</a></b> (1909–1983) was a <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indian</a> <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricketer</a> who played 22 <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket">Test matches</a>, mostly before the Second World War. Considered one of the best batsmen to play for West Indies and one of the greatest cricketers of all time, he also represented <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_national_cricket_team" title="Jamaica national cricket team">Jamaica</a> and played professionally in England. Headley was born in <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> but raised in Jamaica where he quickly established a cricketing reputation as a batsman. West Indies had a weak cricket team through most of Headley's career; as their one world-class player, he carried a heavy responsibility, and they depended on his batting. He batted <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batting_order_(cricket)#Top_order" title="Batting order (cricket)">at number three</a>, scoring 2,190 <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_(cricket)" title="Run (cricket)">runs</a> in Tests at an <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batting_average#Cricket" title="Batting average">average</a> of 60.83, and 9,921 runs in all first-class matches at an average of 69.86. He was chosen as one of the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisden_Cricketers_of_the_Year" title="Wisden Cricketers of the Year">Wisden Cricketers of the Year</a> in 1934. Following his tour of England in 1933, Headley signed as a professional at <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haslingden_Cricket_Club" title="Haslingden Cricket Club">Haslingden</a> in the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancashire_League_(cricket)" title="Lancashire League (cricket)">Lancashire League</a>, where he played until the outbreak of war in 1939 interrupted his career. Although he returned to Tests in 1948 he was hampered by injuries. Even so, he was chosen as West Indies captain in 1948 against England, the first black player to be appointed to the position. (<a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Headley" title="George Headley"><b>Full article...</b></a>) <ul style="list-style:none; margin-left:0; text-align:right;"> <li>Recently featured: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speechless_(Michael_Jackson_song)" title="Speechless (Michael Jackson song)">"Speechless" (Michael Jackson song)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_starling" title="Common starling">Common starling</a></li> <li><i><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menominee_Tribe_v._United_States" title="Menominee Tribe v. United States">Menominee Tribe v. United States</a></i></li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <div style="text-align: right;" class="hlist noprint" id="mp-tfa-footer"> <ul> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Today%27s_featured_article/May_2015" title="Wikipedia:Today's featured article/May 2015">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/daily-article-l" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles" title="Wikipedia:Featured articles">More featured articles...</a></b></li> </ul> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <h2 id="mp-dyk-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Did_you_know...">Did you know...</span></h2> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px 5px;"> <div id="mp-dyk"> <div><i>From Wikipedia's <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_additions" title="Wikipedia:Recent additions">new and recently improved content</a>:</i></div> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;"> <p><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg" class="image" title="Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in her Coronation gown, 1937"><img alt="Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in her Coronation gown, 1937" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg/78px-Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg" width="78" height="100" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg/118px-Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg/157px-Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="414"/></a></p> </div> <ul> <li>... that <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Handley-Seymour" title="Elizabeth Handley-Seymour">Elizabeth Handley-Seymour</a></b> created <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother</a>'s <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronation_of_King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth" title="Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth">1937 Coronation</a> dress <i>(pictured)</i> and <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_Albert,_Duke_of_York,_and_Lady_Elizabeth_Bowes-Lyon" title="Wedding of Prince Albert, Duke of York, and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon">her 1923 wedding</a> dress?</li> <li>... that <i>kosha mangsho</i>, a type of <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutton_curry" title="Mutton curry">mutton curry</a></b>, is traditionally prepared as part of the celebration of <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Puja" title="Kali Puja">Kali Puja</a>?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Tscherning" title="Andreas Tscherning">Andreas Tscherning</a></b>, author of <i>Deutscher Getichte Frühling</i> (Spring of German Poems), was the first to translate <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_poetry" title="Arabic poetry">Arabic poetry</a> into <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>?</li> <li>... that the <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965_Soviet_economic_reform" title="1965 Soviet economic reform">1965 Soviet economic reform</a></b> counteracted <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1956%E2%80%9362" title="Wage reform in the Soviet Union, 1956–62">wage reforms</a> which had just been introduced?</li> <li>... that when <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Bradford_Endicott" title="Henry Bradford Endicott">Henry Bradford Endicott</a></b> built the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endicott_Estate" title="Endicott Estate">Endicott Estate</a> mansion in 1904, his distant cousins in the nearby <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairbanks_House_(Dedham,_Massachusetts)" title="Fairbanks House (Dedham, Massachusetts)">Fairbanks House</a> did not have indoor plumbing or electricity?</li> <li>... that Korean nationalist <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yun_Bong-gil" title="Yun Bong-gil">Yun Bong-gil</a> used a bomb to assassinate Japanese officials gathered in Shanghai's <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu_Xun_Park_(Shanghai)" title="Lu Xun Park (Shanghai)">Hongkou Park</a></b>?</li> <li>... that until 1918, <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Kosma%C4%8D" title="Fort Kosmač">Fort Kosmač</a></b> in <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> was the southernmost fortress of the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire" class="mw-redirect">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>?</li> <li>... that unlike many <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalist</a> painters, <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Frederick_Lewis" title="John Frederick Lewis">John Frederick Lewis</a></b> never painted a nude, and used his wife as a model in some <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harem" title="Harem">harem</a> scenes?</li> </ul> <div style="text-align:right;" class="hlist noprint" id="mp-dyk-footer"> <ul> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_additions" title="Wikipedia:Recent additions">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Your_first_article" title="Wikipedia:Your first article">Start a new article</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Did_you_know" title="Template talk:Did you know">Nominate an article</a></b></li> </ul> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> <td style="border:1px solid transparent;"></td> <td class="MainPageBG" style="width:45%; border:1px solid #cedff2; background:#f5faff; vertical-align:top;"> <table id="mp-right" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; background:#f5faff;"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <h2 id="mp-itn-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="In_the_news">In the news</span></h2> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px;"> <div id="mp-itn"> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-itn-img"> <p><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:FIFA-Headquarter.jpg" title="FIFA headquarters in Zürich, Switzerland"><img alt="FIFA headquarters" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg/120px-FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg" width="120" height="90" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg/180px-FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg/240px-FIFA-Headquarter_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="672"/></a></p> </div> <ul> <li>Two separate criminal probes result in the <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_FIFA_corruption_case" title="2015 FIFA corruption case">arrest</a></b> of seven <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a></b> officials and the raid of <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA_headquarters" title="FIFA headquarters">its headquarters</a> <i>(pictured)</i> by Swiss police.</li> <li>Cable telecommunications company <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_Communications" title="Charter Communications">Charter</a></b> agrees to buy <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Warner_Cable" title="Time Warner Cable">Time Warner Cable</a></b> in a deal worth <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>55.1 billion.</li> <li>Opposition candidate <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrzej_Duda" title="Andrzej Duda">Andrzej Duda</a> is <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_presidential_election,_2015" title="Polish presidential election, 2015">elected</a></b> as President of Poland.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_heat_wave_in_India" title="2015 heat wave in India">A heat wave</a></b> in India kills at least 1,800 people.</li> <li>In motorsport, <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nico_Rosberg" title="Nico Rosberg">Nico Rosberg</a> wins the <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="2015 Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco Grand Prix</a></b>.</li> <li>In cricket, <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai_Indians" title="Mumbai Indians">Mumbai Indians</a> win the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Indian_Premier_League" title="2015 Indian Premier League">Indian Premier League</a> after defeating <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai_Super_Kings" title="Chennai Super Kings">Chennai Super Kings</a> in <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Indian_Premier_League_Final" title="2015 Indian Premier League Final">the final</a></b>.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5ns_Zelmerl%C3%B6w" title="Måns Zelmerlöw">Måns Zelmerlöw</a></b>, representing <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest">Sweden</a> with the song "<a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heroes_(M%C3%A5ns_Zelmerl%C3%B6w_song)" title="Heroes (Måns Zelmerlöw song)">Heroes</a>", wins the <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2015" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2015">Eurovision Song Contest</a></b> in <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, Austria.</li> </ul> <ul style="list-style:none; margin-left:0;"> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Ongoing events</a></b>: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Rohingya_refugee_crisis" title="2015 Rohingya refugee crisis">Rohingya refugee crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deaths_in_2015" title="Deaths in 2015">Recent deaths</a></b>: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marques_Haynes" title="Marques Haynes">Marques Haynes</a></li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <h2 id="mp-otd-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="On_this_day...">On this day...</span></h2> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px 5px;"> <div id="mp-otd"> <p><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a></b>: <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lod_Airport_massacre" title="Lod Airport massacre">Lod Massacre Remembrance Day</a></b> in Puerto Rico</p> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-otd-img"> <p><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg" class="image" title="Joan of Arc"><img alt="Joan of Arc" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg/66px-Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg" width="66" height="100" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg/99px-Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg/132px-Joan_of_arc_miniature_graded.jpg 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="1482"/></a></p> </div> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1431" title="1431">1431</a> – <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War" title="Hundred Years' War">Hundred Years' War</a>: <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a></b> <i>(pictured)</i> was <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_by_burning" title="Execution by burning" class="mw-redirect">burned at the stake</a> in <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>, France, after being convicted of heresy in a politically motivated trial.</li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1815" title="1815">1815</a> – The <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Indiaman" title="East Indiaman">East Indiaman</a> ship <i><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arniston_(East_Indiaman)" title="Arniston (East Indiaman)">Arniston</a></b></i> was wrecked during a storm at <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waenhuiskrans" title="Waenhuiskrans" class="mw-redirect">Waenhuiskrans</a>, near <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Agulhas" title="Cape Agulhas">Cape Agulhas</a>, present-day South Africa, with the loss of 372 lives.</li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> – A <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levee" title="Levee">dike</a> holding the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_River" title="Columbia River">Columbia River</a> broke, causing a flood that destroyed <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanport,_Oregon" title="Vanport, Oregon">Vanport, Oregon</a></b>, US, only five years after it was built.</li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a> – <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chukwuemeka_Odumegwu_Ojukwu" title="Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu" class="mw-redirect">Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu</a> announced the establishment of <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biafra" title="Biafra">Biafra</a></b>, a secessionist state in southeastern Nigeria, an event that sparked the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_Civil_War" title="Nigerian Civil War">Nigerian Civil War</a> one week later.</li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a> – American student <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disappearance_of_Natalee_Holloway" title="Disappearance of Natalee Holloway">Natalee Holloway</a></b> disappeared while on a high school graduation trip to <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a>, and caused a media sensation in the United States.</li> </ul> <ul style="list-style:none; margin-left:0;"> <li>More anniversaries: <div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_29" title="May 29">May 29</a></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_30" title="May 30">May 30</a></b></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_31" title="May 31">May 31</a></li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <div style="text-align: right;" class="hlist noprint" id="mp-otd-footer"> <ul> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries/May" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/May">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/daily-article-l" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_historical_anniversaries" title="List of historical anniversaries">List of historical anniversaries</a></b></li> </ul> <div style="font-size:smaller;"> <ul> <li>Today is <span class="nowrap">May 30, 2015</span> (<a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>)</li> <li><span class="plainlinks" id="otd-purgelink"><span class="nowrap"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=purge">Reload this page</a></span></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table id="mp-lower" style="margin:4px 0 0 0; width:100%; background:none; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr> <td class="MainPageBG" style="width:100%; border:1px solid #ddcef2; background:#faf5ff; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"> <table id="mp-bottom" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; background:#faf5ff; color:#000;"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <h2 id="mp-tfp-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#ddcef2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em"><span class="mw-headline" id="Today.27s_featured_picture">Today's featured picture</span></h2> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="color:#000; padding:2px;"> <div id="mp-tfp"> <table style="margin:0 3px 3px; width:100%; text-align:center; background-color:transparent; border-collapse: collapse; padding:0.9em"> <tr> <td><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg" class="image" title="Olmec heartland"><img alt="Olmec heartland" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg/450px-Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg.png" width="450" height="320" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg/675px-Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg/900px-Olmec_Heartland_Overview_4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1788" data-file-height="1273"/></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 0.9em 0.9em 0.9em;"> <p>A map of the <b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec_heartland" title="Olmec heartland">Olmec heartland</a></b>, the southern portion of Mexico's <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_Mexico" title="Gulf Coast of Mexico">Gulf Coast region</a> between the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuxtla_mountains" title="Tuxtla mountains" class="mw-redirect">Tuxtla mountains</a> and the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec" title="Olmec">Olmec</a> archaeological site of <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Venta" title="La Venta">La Venta</a>. It is considered the heartland of the Olmec culture, which was widespread over <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a> from 1400 <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">BCE</a> until roughly 400 BCE.</p> <p>On this map, yellow dots represent ancient habitation sites, including <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Lorenzo_Tenochtitl%C3%A1n" title="San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán">San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán</a>, <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Venta" title="La Venta">La Venta</a>, and <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tres_Zapotes" title="Tres Zapotes">Tres Zapotes</a>. Red dots represent isolated artifact finds unassociated with any ancient town or village, such as the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Limas_Monument_1" title="Las Limas Monument 1">Las Limas Monument 1</a>, the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Mart%C3%ADn_Pajapan_Monument_1" title="San Martín Pajapan Monument 1">San Martín Pajapan Monument 1</a>, and "<a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wrestler_(sculpture)" title="The Wrestler (sculpture)">The Wrestler</a>".</p> <p><small>Map: <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Madman2001" title="User:Madman2001">Madman2001</a></small></p> <ul style="list-style:none; margin-left:0; text-align:right;"> <li>Recently featured: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2015-05-29" title="Template:POTD/2015-05-29">Impact sprinkler</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2015-05-28" title="Template:POTD/2015-05-28">Little wattlebird</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD/2015-05-27" title="Template:POTD/2015-05-27">Dolomite</a></li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <div style="text-align:right;" class="hlist noprint"> <ul> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Picture_of_the_day/May_2015" title="Wikipedia:Picture of the day/May 2015">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_pictures" title="Wikipedia:Featured pictures">More featured pictures...</a></b></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <div id="mp-other" style="padding-top:4px; padding-bottom:2px;"> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_areas_of_Wikipedia">Other areas of Wikipedia</span></h2> <ul> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="Wikipedia:Community portal">Community portal</a></b> – Bulletin board, projects, resources and activities covering a wide range of Wikipedia areas.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></b> – Ask questions about using Wikipedia.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Local_Embassy" title="Wikipedia:Local Embassy">Local embassy</a></b> – For Wikipedia-related communication in languages other than English.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desk</a></b> – Serving as virtual librarians, Wikipedia volunteers tackle your questions on a wide range of subjects.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:News" title="Wikipedia:News">Site news</a></b> – Announcements, updates, articles and press releases on Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation.</li> <li><b><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump" title="Wikipedia:Village pump">Village pump</a></b> – For discussions about Wikipedia itself, including areas for technical issues and policies.</li> </ul> </div> <div id="mp-sister"> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Wikipedia.27s_sister_projects">Wikipedia's sister projects</span></h2> <p>Wikipedia is hosted by the <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Our_projects" class="extiw" title="wmf:Our projects">projects</a>:</p> <table class="layout plainlinks" style="width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:left; background:transparent;"> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9d/Commons-logo-31px.png" width="31" height="41" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="41"/></a></td> <td style="width:33%; padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://commons.wikimedia.org/">Commons</a></b><br/> Free media repository</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/" title="MediaWiki"><img alt="MediaWiki" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mediawiki-logo.png/35px-Mediawiki-logo.png" width="35" height="26" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mediawiki-logo.png/53px-Mediawiki-logo.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Mediawiki-logo.png/70px-Mediawiki-logo.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="102"/></a></td> <td style="width:33%; padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://mediawiki.org/">MediaWiki</a></b><br/> Wiki software development</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="Meta-Wiki"><img alt="Meta-Wiki" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bc/Meta-logo-35px.png" width="35" height="35" data-file-width="35" data-file-height="35"/></a></td> <td style="width:33%; padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://meta.wikimedia.org/">Meta-Wiki</a></b><br/> Wikimedia project coordination</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/" title="Wikibooks"><img alt="Wikibooks" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7f/Wikibooks-logo-35px.png" width="35" height="35" data-file-width="35" data-file-height="35"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikibooks.org/">Wikibooks</a></b><br/> Free textbooks and manuals</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:3px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wikidata" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/47px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" width="47" height="26" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/71px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/94px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://www.wikidata.org/">Wikidata</a></b><br/> Free knowledge base</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/" title="Wikinews"><img alt="Wikinews" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/60/Wikinews-logo-51px.png" width="51" height="30" data-file-width="51" data-file-height="30"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikinews.org/">Wikinews</a></b><br/> Free-content news</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Wikiquote"><img alt="Wikiquote" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/46/Wikiquote-logo-51px.png" width="51" height="41" data-file-width="51" data-file-height="41"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikiquote.org/">Wikiquote</a></b><br/> Collection of quotations</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/" title="Wikisource"><img alt="Wikisource" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b6/Wikisource-logo-35px.png" width="35" height="37" data-file-width="35" data-file-height="37"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikisource.org/">Wikisource</a></b><br/> Free-content library</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="Wikispecies"><img alt="Wikispecies" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bf/Wikispecies-logo-35px.png" width="35" height="41" data-file-width="35" data-file-height="41"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://species.wikimedia.org/">Wikispecies</a></b><br/> Directory of species</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/" title="Wikiversity"><img alt="Wikiversity" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e3/Wikiversity-logo-41px.png" width="41" height="32" data-file-width="41" data-file-height="32"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikiversity.org/">Wikiversity</a></b><br/> Free learning materials and activities</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/" title="Wikivoyage"><img alt="Wikivoyage" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/35px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" width="35" height="35" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/53px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/70px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikivoyage.org/">Wikivoyage</a></b><br/> Free travel guide</td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:4px;"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Wiktionary"><img alt="Wiktionary" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f2/Wiktionary-logo-51px.png" width="51" height="35" data-file-width="51" data-file-height="35"/></a></td> <td style="padding:4px;"><b><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wiktionary.org/">Wiktionary</a></b><br/> Dictionary and thesaurus</td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="mp-lang"> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Wikipedia_languages">Wikipedia languages</span></h2> <div id="lang" class="nowraplinks nourlexpansion plainlinks"> <p>This Wikipedia is written in <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. Started in 2001<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2001</span>)</span>, it currently contains <a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Statistics" title="Special:Statistics">4,880,618</a> articles. Many other Wikipedias are available; some of the largest are listed below.</p> <ul> <li id="lang-4">More than 1,000,000 articles: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="German (de:)" lang="de" xml:lang="de">Deutsch</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Spanish (es:)" lang="es" xml:lang="es">español</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="French (fr:)" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">français</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Italian (it:)" lang="it" xml:lang="it">italiano</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Dutch (nl:)" lang="nl" xml:lang="nl">Nederlands</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Polish (pl:)" lang="pl" xml:lang="pl">polski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Russian (ru:)" lang="ru" xml:lang="ru">русский</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Swedish (sv:)" lang="sv" xml:lang="sv">svenska</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li id="lang-3">More than 400,000 articles: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Catalan (ca:)" lang="ca" xml:lang="ca">català</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Persian (fa:)" lang="fa" xml:lang="fa">فارسی</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Japanese (ja:)" lang="ja" xml:lang="ja">日本語</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian (no:)" lang="no" xml:lang="no">norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Portuguese (pt:)" lang="pt" xml:lang="pt">português</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Vietnamese (vi:)" lang="vi" xml:lang="vi">Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Ukrainian (uk:)" lang="uk" xml:lang="uk">українська</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Chinese (zh:)" lang="zh" xml:lang="zh">中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li id="lang-2">More than 200,000 articles: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Arabic (ar:)" lang="ar" xml:lang="ar">العربية</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Indonesian (id:)" lang="id" xml:lang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malay (ms:)" lang="ms" xml:lang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Czech (cs:)" lang="cs" xml:lang="cs">čeština</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Esperanto (eo:)" lang="eo" xml:lang="eo">Esperanto</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Basque (eu:)" lang="eu" xml:lang="eu">euskara</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Korean (ko:)" lang="ko" xml:lang="ko">한국어</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hungarian (hu:)" lang="hu" xml:lang="hu">magyar</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Romanian (ro:)" lang="ro" xml:lang="ro">română</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovak (sk:)" lang="sk" xml:lang="sk">slovenčina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbian (sr:)" lang="sr" xml:lang="sr">српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbo-Croatian (sh:)" lang="sh" xml:lang="sh">srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Finnish (fi:)" lang="fi" xml:lang="fi">suomi</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Turkish (tr:)" lang="tr" xml:lang="tr">Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </li> <li id="lang-1">More than 50,000 articles: <div class="hlist inline"> <ul> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bosnian (bs:)" lang="bs" xml:lang="bs">bosanski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bulgarian (bg:)" lang="bg" xml:lang="bg">български</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Danish (da:)" lang="da" xml:lang="da">dansk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Estonian (et:)" lang="et" xml:lang="et">eesti</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Greek (el:)" lang="el" xml:lang="el">Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Simple English (simple:)" lang="simple" xml:lang="simple">English (simple)</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Galician (gl:)" lang="gl" xml:lang="gl">galego</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hebrew (he:)" lang="he" xml:lang="he">עברית</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Croatian (hr:)" lang="hr" xml:lang="hr">hrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Latvian (lv:)" lang="lv" xml:lang="lv">latviešu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Lithuanian (lt:)" lang="lt" xml:lang="lt">lietuvių</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian Nynorsk (nn:)" lang="nn" xml:lang="nn">norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovenian (sl:)" lang="sl" xml:lang="sl">slovenščina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Thai (th:)" lang="th" xml:lang="th">ไทย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="metalink" style="text-align:center;" class="plainlinks"><b><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" class="extiw" title="meta:List of Wikipedias">Complete list of Wikipedias</a></b></div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw1105 CPU time usage: 0.308 seconds Real time usage: 0.397 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2150/1000000 Preprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000 Post‐expand include size: 93279/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2737/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/40 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Lua time usage: 0.029/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 863 KB/50 MB --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 214.279 1 - -total 42.09% 90.184 1 - Wikipedia:Main_Page/Tomorrow 29.76% 63.761 2 - Template:Wikipedia_languages 21.37% 45.787 88 - Template:Wikipedia_languages/core 19.70% 42.211 2 - Template:In_the_news 16.08% 34.462 2 - Template:In_the_news/image 13.43% 28.782 1 - Wikipedia:Today's_featured_article/May_31,_2015 10.80% 23.145 1 - Template:Lang 9.85% 21.106 1 - Template:Did_you_know/Queue/4 9.55% 20.463 1 - Template:Category_handler --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:15580374-0!*!0!!*!4!* and timestamp 20150530064616 and revision id 647785249 --> <noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"/></noscript></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=647785249">http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=647785249</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden"></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <div id="p-personal" role="navigation" class="" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label"> <h3 id="p-personal-label">Personal tools</h3> <ul> <li id="pt-createaccount"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Main+Page&type=signup" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory">Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Main+Page" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o">Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="left-navigation"> <div id="p-namespaces" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label"> <h3 id="p-namespaces-label">Namespaces</h3> <ul> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected"><span><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Main Page</a></span></li> <li id="ca-talk"><span><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Main_Page" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <div id="p-variants" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label"> <h3 id="p-variants-label"><span>Variants</span><a href="#"></a></h3> <div class="menu"> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <div id="p-views" role="navigation" class="vectorTabs" aria-labelledby="p-views-label"> <h3 id="p-views-label">Views</h3> <ul> <li id="ca-view" class="selected"><span><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">Read</a></span></li> <li id="ca-viewsource"><span><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=edit" title="This page is protected. You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e">View source</a></span></li> <li id="ca-history" class="collapsible"><span><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=history" title="Past versions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <div id="p-cactions" role="navigation" class="vectorMenu emptyPortlet" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label"> <h3 id="p-cactions-label"><span>More</span><a href="#"></a></h3> <div class="menu"> <ul> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-search" role="search"> <h3> <label for="searchInput">Search</label> </h3> <form action="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php" id="searchform"> <div id="simpleSearch"> <input type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput"/><input type="hidden" value="Special:Search" name="title"/><input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Search" title="Search Wikipedia for this text" id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton"/><input type="submit" name="go" value="Go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if one exists" id="searchButton" class="searchButton"/> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"><a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page"></a></div> <div class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-navigation" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label"> <h3 id="p-navigation-label">Navigation</h3> <div class="body"> <ul> <li id="n-mainpage-description"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li> <li id="n-contents"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li> <li id="n-featuredcontent"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Featured_content" title="Featured content – the best of Wikipedia">Featured content</a></li> <li id="n-currentevents"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Find background information on current events">Current events</a></li> <li id="n-randompage"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random" title="Load a random article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li> <li id="n-sitesupport"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" title="Support us">Donate to Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="n-shoplink"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://shop.wikimedia.org/" title="Visit the Wikimedia Shop">Wikipedia store</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-interaction" aria-labelledby="p-interaction-label"> <h3 id="p-interaction-label">Interaction</h3> <div class="body"> <ul> <li id="n-help"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li> <li id="n-aboutsite"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Find out about Wikipedia">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="n-portal"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things">Community portal</a></li> <li id="n-recentchanges"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li> <li id="n-contactpage"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact page</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-tb" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label"> <h3 id="p-tb-label">Tools</h3> <div class="body"> <ul> <li id="t-whatlinkshere"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Main_Page" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li> <li id="t-recentchangeslinked"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Main_Page" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li> <li id="t-upload"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li> <li id="t-specialpages"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li> <li id="t-permalink"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=647785249" title="Permanent link to this revision of the page">Permanent link</a></li> <li id="t-info"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li> <li id="t-wikibase"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5296" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> <li id="t-cite"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Main_Page&id=647785249" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-coll-print_export" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label"> <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label">Print/export</h3> <div class="body"> <ul> <li id="coll-create_a_book"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Main+Page">Create a book</a></li> <li id="coll-download-as-rdf2latex"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=render_article&arttitle=Main+Page&oldid=647785249&writer=rdf2latex">Download as PDF</a></li> <li id="t-print"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="portal" role="navigation" id="p-lang" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label"> <h3 id="p-lang-label">Languages</h3> <div class="body"> <ul> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="German" lang="de" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh">中文</a></li> <li class="uls-p-lang-dummy"><a href="#"></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last modified on 18 February 2015, at 23:52.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="license" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a><a rel="license" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" style="display:none;"></a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" title="wikimedia:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimer"><a href="/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/How_to_contribute">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"> <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://wikimediafoundation.org/"><img src="/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/wikimedia-button.png" srcset="/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x" width="88" height="31" alt="Wikimedia Foundation"/></a> </li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"> <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519/http://www.mediawiki.org/"><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/1.26wmf7/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/1.26wmf7/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150530065519im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/static/1.26wmf7/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x" width="88" height="31"/></a> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:both"></div> </div> <script>if(window.jQuery)jQuery.ready();</script><script>if(window.mw){ mw.loader.state({"ext.globalCssJs.site":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","site":"loading","user":"ready","user.groups":"ready"}); }</script> <script>if(window.mw){ mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.action.view.postEdit","mediawiki.user","mediawiki.hidpi","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.searchSuggest","ext.cirrusSearch.loggingSchema","mmv.bootstrap.autostart","ext.imageMetrics.loader","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.eventLogging.subscriber","ext.wikimediaEvents.statsd","ext.navigationTiming","schema.UniversalLanguageSelector","ext.uls.eventlogger","ext.uls.interlanguage","ext.gadget.teahouse","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.DRN-wizard","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.featured-articles-links"],null,true); }</script> <script>if(window.mw){ document.write("\u003Cscript src=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/load.php?debug=false\u0026amp;lang=en\u0026amp;modules=site\u0026amp;only=scripts\u0026amp;skin=vector\u0026amp;*\"\u003E\u003C/script\u003E"); }</script> <script>if(window.mw){ mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":513,"wgHostname":"mw1105"}); }</script> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 06:55:19 May 30, 2015 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 20:55:38 Dec 03, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 1.644 exclusion.robots: 0.144 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.055 esindex: 0.018 cdx.remote: 32.133 LoadShardBlock: 241.327 (6) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 206.562 (7) load_resource: 166.737 PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 103.486 -->