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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-my" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-my" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">天球仪</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。17种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%85)" title="كرة سماوية (مجسم) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كرة سماوية (مجسم)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Небесен глобус – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Небесен глобус" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himmelsglobus" title="Himmelsglobus – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Himmelsglobus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_globe" title="Celestial globe – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Celestial globe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globe_c%C3%A9leste" title="Globe céleste – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Globe céleste" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E5%84%80_(%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F)" title="天球儀 (恒星) – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天球儀 (恒星)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EA%B5%AC%EC%9D%98" title="천구의 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="천구의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himmelsglobus" title="Himmelsglobus – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Himmelsglobus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stjerneglobus" title="Stjerneglobus – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stjerneglobus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himmelglobus" title="Himmelglobus – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Himmelglobus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Звёздный глобус – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Звёздный глобус" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="آسماني گولو – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آسماني گولو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himmelsglob" title="Himmelsglob – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Himmelsglob" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globu_ya_nyota" title="Globu ya nyota – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Globu ya nyota" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Глобуси осмон – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Глобуси осмон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6ksel_k%C3%BCre" title="Göksel küre – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Göksel küre" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E5%84%80" title="天球儀 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="天球儀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1425895#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">大马简体</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="selected ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" lang="zh-Hans-MY" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此条目<b>没有列出任何<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">参考或来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2022年6月19日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>维基百科所有的内容都应该<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">可供查证</a>。请协助补充<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>。无法查证的内容可能会因为异议提出而被移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG/220px-G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG/330px-G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG/440px-G%C3%B6ttingen-Himmelsglobus.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>天球仪</figcaption></figure> <p><b>天球仪</b>是将星空表示在一个球上的一种天文仪器。在天球仪上<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F" title="恒星">恒星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%A7" title="星座">星座</a>的位置可以不变形地显示出来，但是观看一个天球仪的人是从仪器的外面来看它上面显示的星座的，因此它实际上是天球的一个<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9C%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="镜子">镜像反射</a>。 </p><p>在过去天球仪非常普及，它有以下这些好处： </p> <ol><li>假如一台天球仪制造得非常精确的话它可以不变形地从任何角度来显示星空</li> <li>与一个同样大小的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E4%BB%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="地球仪">地球仪</a>结合在一起它是一台非常精确和准确的计算仪器</li></ol> <p>早在古代天球和地球仪就出现了，<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="托勒密">托勒密</a>描写过制造天球仪的方法。在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="中世纪">中世纪</a>晚期天球仪非常普及。后来的天球仪也非常注重其艺术表现。许多宫廷天文学家为其雇主制作过天球仪。有些天球仪结合在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%AA" title="太阳系仪">太阳系仪</a>中，带有机械的驱动。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="奥地利国家图书馆">奥地利国家图书馆</a>拥有世界上最大的天球仪的收集。 </p><p>今天出售的除了有天球仪和地球仪外还有表示个天体表面地形的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%84%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球仪（页面不存在）">月球仪</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%84%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="火星仪（页面不存在）">火星仪</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%84%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金星仪（页面不存在）">金星仪</a>。 </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saturn_template.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="小作品图示" 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