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<span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donkey_or_Khar_Darjal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donkey_or_Khar_Darjal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Donkey or Khar Darjal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donkey_or_Khar_Darjal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muslim_eschatology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muslim_eschatology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Muslim eschatology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Muslim_eschatology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Muslim eschatology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Muslim_eschatology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sunni_eschatology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sunni_eschatology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sunni eschatology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sunni_eschatology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ḥadīth_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ḥadīth_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span><i>Ḥadīth</i> literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ḥadīth_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twelver_Shīʿa_eschatology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twelver_Shīʿa_eschatology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Twelver Shīʿa eschatology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twelver_Shīʿa_eschatology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ḥadīth_literature_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ḥadīth_literature_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span><i>Ḥadīth</i> literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ḥadīth_literature_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ahmadi_Muslim_eschatology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ahmadi_Muslim_eschatology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Ahmadi Muslim eschatology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ahmadi_Muslim_eschatology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Defeat_of_the_Dajjal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defeat_of_the_Dajjal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Defeat of the Dajjal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defeat_of_the_Dajjal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Al-Masih ad-Dajjal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 43 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="المسيح الدجال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المسيح الدجال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="দাজ্জাল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দাজ্জাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%99%D0%B6%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%BB" title="Дәжжәл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Дәжжәл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ded%C5%BEal" title="Dedžal – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dedžal" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لمسيح الدجال – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمسيح الدجال" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daddsch%C4%81l" title="Daddschāl – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Daddschāl" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="دجال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دجال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Դաջալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաջալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="दज्जाल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दज्जाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajj%C4%81l" title="Dajjāl – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dajjāl" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%97_%D7%90-%D7%93%D7%92%27%D7%90%D7%9C" title="אל-מסיח א-דג'אל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אל-מסיח א-דג'אל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="دجال – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="دجال" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%99%D0%B6%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%BB" title="Дәжжәл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дәжжәл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daddzs%C3%A1l" title="Daddzsál – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Daddzsál" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BD" title="മസീഹുദ്ദജ്ജാൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മസീഹുദ്ദജ്ജാൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal" title="Al-Masih ad-Dajjal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Al-Masih ad-Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Дажжал – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дажжал" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masih_ad-Dajjal" title="Masih ad-Dajjal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Masih ad-Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjol" title="Dajjol – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dajjol" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="دجال – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دجال" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Даджжаль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Даджжаль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dexhal" title="Dexhal – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dexhal" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal" title="Al-Masih ad-Dajjal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Al-Masih ad-Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="مەسیحی دەجال – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەسیحی دەجال" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dajjal" title="Dajjal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dajjal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="தச்சால் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தச்சால்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%99%D2%97%D2%97%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Дәҗҗал – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Дәҗҗал" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5" title="อัลมะซีฮุดดัจญ์ญาล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลมะซีฮุดดัจญ์ญาล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%B7%D2%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Даҷҷол – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даҷҷол" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deccal" title="Deccal – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deccal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Islamic eschatological figure</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dajjal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Dajjal.jpg/220px-Dajjal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Dajjal.jpg/330px-Dajjal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Dajjal.jpg/440px-Dajjal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1488" /></a><figcaption>An image from a <a href="/wiki/Falnama" title="Falnama">Falname</a> made in India around 1610-1630, depicts <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Jesus</a> fighting the Dajjal (right). Behind, the <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a> with a veiled face.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Al-Masih ad-Dajjal</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الْمَسِيحُ الدَّجَّالُ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Al-Masih ad-Dajjal</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'the deceitful Messiah'),<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> otherwise referred to simply as the <b>Dajjal</b>, is an evil figure in <a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic eschatology</a> who will pretend to be the promised <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a> and later claim to be <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a>, appearing before the <a href="/wiki/Judgement_Day_in_Islam#Destruction_and_resurrection" title="Judgement Day in Islam">Day of Judgment</a> according to the Islamic eschatological narrative.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dajjal is not mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>, but he is mentioned and described in the <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Corresponding to the <a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a> in Christianity, the Dajjal is said to emerge out in the East, although the specific location varies among the various sources.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/110px-Allah3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/165px-Allah3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/220px-Allah3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="313" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Iman_(Islam)" title="Iman (Islam)">Beliefs</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Oneness</a> of <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy books</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_Day_in_Islam" title="Judgement Day in Islam">Judgement Day</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Predestination_in_Islam" title="Predestination in Islam">Predestination</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam" title="Five Pillars of Islam">Practices</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Profession of faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Prayer</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Almsgiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Islam" title="Fasting in Islam">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Pilgrimage</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Islamic_texts" title="List of Islamic texts">Texts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Foundations</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Sirah</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Tafsir</a></i> (exegesis)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aqidah" title="Aqidah">Aqidah</a> </i>(creed)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qisas_al-Anbiya" title="Qisas al-Anbiya">Qisas al-Anbiya</a></i> (<i>Stories of the Prophets</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathnawi" title="Mathnawi">Mathnawi</a></i> (poems)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh"><i>Fiqh</i></a> (jurisprudence)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia"><i>Sharia</i></a> (law)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Islamic_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Islamic history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahiliyyah" title="Jahiliyyah">Jahiliyyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Ahl al-Bayt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Sahabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">Rashidun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine" title="Imamate in Shia doctrine">Imamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam" title="Spread of Islam">Spread of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad" title="Succession to Muhammad">Succession to Muhammad</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_culture" title="Islamic culture">Culture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">society</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_Islam" title="Animals in Islam">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_art" title="Islamic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_association_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in association football">Association football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_children" title="Islam and children">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_(circumcision)" title="Khitan (circumcision)">Circumcision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_by_country" title="Islam by country">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_diaspora" title="Muslim diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">Denominations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibadi_Islam" title="Ibadi Islam">Ibadi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_economics" title="Islamic economics">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Islam" title="Education in Islam">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_ethics" title="Islamic ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession_and_exorcism_in_Islam" title="Spirit possession and exorcism in Islam">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_feminism" title="Islamic feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holidays" title="Islamic holidays">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_banking_and_finance" title="Islamic banking and finance">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_progressivism_within_Islam" title="Liberalism and progressivism within Islam">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morality_in_Islam" title="Morality in Islam">Moral teachings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_music" title="Islamic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_philosophy" title="Islamic philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_poetry" title="Islamic poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_aspects_of_Islam" title="Political aspects of Islam">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawah" title="Dawah">Proselytizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_attitudes_towards_science" title="Islamic attitudes towards science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Islam" title="Sexuality in Islam">Sexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_people_and_Islam" title="LGBTQ people and Islam">LGBTQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_slavery" title="Islamic views on slavery">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concubinage_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubinage in Islam">Concubinage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_humanity" title="Islam and humanity">Social welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Islam" title="Women in Islam">Women</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">Related topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam" title="Apostasy in Islam">Apostasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islam" title="Criticism of Islam">Criticism</a></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Muhammad" title="Criticism of Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran" title="Criticism of the Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_hadith" title="Criticism of hadith">Hadith</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_other_religions" title="Islam and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_violence" title="Islam and violence">Violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_war" title="Islam and war">war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jihadism" title="Jihadism">Jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_jihadism" title="Salafi jihadism">Salafi jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deobandi_jihadism" title="Deobandi jihadism">Deobandi jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_military_jurisprudence" title="Islamic military jurisprudence">Military laws</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Islam" title="Glossary of Islam">Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam" title="Template:Islam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam" title="Template talk:Islam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Dajjal will imitate the miracles performed by <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Jesus</a>, such as healing the sick and raising the dead, the latter done with the aid of <a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">demons</a>. He will deceive many people such as weavers, magicians and children of fornication.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#D4CEF2;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Eschatology" title="Category:Eschatology">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:150%; padding-bottom:0.3em; background-color:#D4CEF2;"><a href="/wiki/Eschatology" title="Eschatology">Eschatology</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base);margin-top:0.3em;"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_eschatology" title="Buddhist eschatology">Buddhist</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maitreya" title="Maitreya">Maitreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Ages_of_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Ages of Buddhism">Three Ages</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b>Biblical texts</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Book of Daniel</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olivet_Discourse" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/The_Sheep_and_the_Goats" title="The Sheep and the Goats">Sheep and Goats</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Major figures</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Two_witnesses" title="Two witnesses">Two witnesses</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse">Four Horsemen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Different views</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preterism" title="Preterism">Preterism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)">Idealism</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" title="Historicism (Christianity)">Historicism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Futurism_(Christianity)" title="Futurism (Christianity)">Futurism</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Millennialism" title="Millennialism">Millennialism</a></b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premillennialism" title="Premillennialism">Premillennialism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Amillennialism" title="Amillennialism">Amillennialism</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmillennialism" title="Postmillennialism">Postmillennialism</a></li></ul> </div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Other events</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Events_of_Revelation" title="Events of Revelation">Events of Revelation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">Apocalypse</a>)</li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">Rapture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Armageddon" title="Armageddon">Armageddon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Seven_seals" title="Seven seals">Seven Seals</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Coming" title="Second Coming">Second Coming</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_eschatology" title="Hindu eschatology">Hindu</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pralaya" title="Pralaya">Pralaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b>Figures</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Qarnayn" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhul-Qarnayn">Dhul-Qarnayn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Suwayqatayn" title="Dhul-Suwayqatayn">Dhul-Suwayqatayn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Isa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dajjal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Q%C4%81%CA%BEim_%C4%80l_Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad">Al-Qa'im</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sufyani" title="Sufyani">Sufyani</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#In_Islamic_tradition" title="Gog and Magog">Yajuj and Majuj</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Events</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khasf_al-Bayda" title="Khasf al-Bayda">Swallowing in Bayda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Signs_of_the_appearance_of_Mahdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Signs of the appearance of Mahdi">Coming of the Mahdi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Coming_of_Christ#Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Coming of Christ">Return of Isa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Resurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of Resurrection">Resurrection</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Jewish</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b>Biblical texts</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Book of Isaiah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Book of Ezekiel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Zechariah" title="Book of Zechariah">Book of Zechariah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Book of Daniel</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Other sources</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabbinic_literature" title="Rabbinic literature">Rabbinic literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midrash" title="Midrash">Midrash</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Rishonim" title="Rishonim">Medieval Jewish scholars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah">Kabbalah</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Figures</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_the_Prophet" class="mw-redirect" title="Elijah the Prophet">Elijah the Prophet</a>, Messiah (<a href="/wiki/Messiah_in_Judaism" title="Messiah in Judaism">Mashiach Ben David</a>, <a href="/wiki/Messiah_ben_Joseph" title="Messiah ben Joseph">Mashiach Ben Yosef</a>), <a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog" title="Gog and Magog">Gog and Magog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armilus" title="Armilus">Armilus</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Events and terms</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atchalta_De%27Geulah" title="Atchalta De'Geulah">Atchalta De'Geulah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gathering_of_Israel" title="Gathering of Israel">Kibbutz Galuyot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Third_Temple" title="Third Temple">Third Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/War_of_Gog_and_Magog" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Gog and Magog">War of Gog and Magog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Resurrection#Judaism" title="Resurrection">Resurrection of the dead</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_to_come#Jewish_eschatology" title="World to come">Olam Haba</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><b>Figures and items</b> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bound_monster" title="Bound monster">Bound monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gjallarhorn" title="Gjallarhorn">Gjallarhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADf_and_L%C3%ADf%C3%BErasir" title="Líf and Lífþrasir">Líf and Lífþrasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naglfar" title="Naglfar">Naglfar</a></li></ul> </div> <div style="padding-top:0.75em;"> <ul><li><b>Events</b></li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fimbulwinter" title="Fimbulwinter">Fimbulwinter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Ragnarök</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADgr%C3%AD%C3%B0r" title="Vígríðr">Vígríðr</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoist</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hong_(Taoist_eschatology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Hong (Taoist eschatology)">Li Hong</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Divine_Incantations_Scripture" title="Divine Incantations Scripture">Divine Incantations Scripture</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrian">Zoroastrian</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frashokereti" title="Frashokereti">Frashokereti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saoshyant" title="Saoshyant">Saoshyant</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#EAE6FF;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Inter-religious</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_phenomenon" title="2012 phenomenon">2012 phenomenon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">Afterlife</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypticism" title="Apocalypticism">Apocalypticism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Fate_of_the_unlearned" title="Fate of the unlearned">Fate of the unlearned</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog" title="Gog and Magog">Gog and Magog</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Last Judgment</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Messianism" title="Messianism">Messianism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a> / <a href="/wiki/Messianic_Age" title="Messianic Age">Age</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Millenarianism" title="Millenarianism">Millenarianism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Universal_resurrection" title="Universal resurrection">Universal resurrection</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eschatology" title="Template:Eschatology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eschatology" title="Template talk:Eschatology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eschatology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eschatology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar-Latn">Dajjāl</i></span></i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">دجّال</span>) is the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/superlative" class="extiw" title="wikt:superlative">superlative</a> form of the root word <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">dajl</i></span></i> meaning "lie" or "deception".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It means "deceiver" and also appears in <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a> (<span title="Classical Syriac-language romanization"><i lang="syc-Latn">daggāl</i></span> <span title="Classical Syriac-language text"><span lang="syc" dir="rtl">ܕܓܠ</span></span>, "false, deceitful; spurious").<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The compound <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Masīḥ ad-Dajjāl</i></span></i>, with the definite article <i><a href="/wiki/Al-" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-">al-</a></i> ("the"), refers to "the deceiving Messiah", a specific <a href="/wiki/Eschatology" title="Eschatology">end time</a> deceiver, linguistically equivalent to the Christian Syriac <span title="Classical Syriac-language romanization"><i lang="syc-Latn">mšīḥā d-daggālūtā</i></span> <span title="Classical Syriac-language text"><span lang="syc" dir="rtl">ܡܫܝܚܐ ܕܕܓܠܘܬܐ</span></span>, "pseudo-Christ, false Messiah".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Dajjāl</i></span></i> is an evil being who will seek to impersonate the <a href="/wiki/Messiah#Islam" title="Messiah">true Messiah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Jesus</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic eschatology</a></div> <p>A number of locations are associated with the emergence of the Dajjal, but usually, he emerges from the east.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is usually described as blind in right eye, his left eye will be green, and the true believers can clearly see the words كافر (Arabic for "Non-believer"), it is believed that many will be deceived by him and join his ranks, among them <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bedouins" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedouins">Bedouins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">weavers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">magicians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fornication_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Fornication in Islam">children of fornication</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, he will be assisted by an army of devils (<i><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">Shayāṭīn</a></i>). Nevertheless, the most reliable supporters will be the Jews, to whom he will be the incarnation of God.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dajjal will be able to perform miracles, such as healing the sick, raising the dead, causing the earth to grow vegetation, causing livestock to prosper and to die, and stopping the sun's movement.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His miracles will resemble those performed by <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a>. At the end, the Dajjal will be defeated and killed by ʿĪsā when the latter simply looks at him, and - according to some narrations - puts a sword through the Dajjal.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nature of the Dajjal is ambiguous.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the nature of his birth indicates that the first generations of Muslim apocalyptists regarded him as human, he is also identified rather as a devil (<i><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">shayṭān</a></i>) in human form in the Islamic tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The characteristical one-eye is believed to symbolize spiritual blindness.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Thus, the Dajjal, blind to the immanent aspect of God, could only comprehend the transcendent aspect of God's wrath. Hadiths describe the Dajjal as twisting paradise and hell, as he would bring his own paradise and hell with him, but his hell would be paradise and his paradise would be hell.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Donkey_or_Khar_Darjal">Donkey or Khar Darjal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Donkey or Khar Darjal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the first Iranian <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a> Mazdista religion, Jewish tradition, and Arab legend, the false Dajjal has a steed: a mysterious singing female donkey comparable to Beast of the Earth who‌ is around 6 Parasang, drops food and lures people to doom. It appears at the end of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Muslim_eschatology">Muslim eschatology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Muslim eschatology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic eschatology</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Jesus in Islam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg/263px-Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg" decoding="async" width="263" height="351" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg/395px-Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg/526px-Umayyad_Mosque_Jesus_Minaret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Minaret of Isa on the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Mosque" title="Umayyad Mosque">Umayyad Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, Syria, which is thought to be one of the possible places where <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a> will descend.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sunni_eschatology">Sunni eschatology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sunni eschatology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Signs_of_the_appearance_of_the_Mahdi" title="Signs of the appearance of the Mahdi">Signs of the appearance of the Mahdi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Mosque" title="Umayyad Mosque">Umayyad Mosque</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Muslims</a> have affirmed that the Dajjal is an individual man, and that when the Dajjal appears, he will stay for 40 days, one like a year, one like a month, one like a week, and rest of his days like normal days.<sup id="cite_ref-abidawud4321_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abidawud4321-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some time after the appearance of the Dajjal, <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a> will descend on a white minaret to the east of <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-abidawud4321_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abidawud4321-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thought to be the Minaret of Isa located on the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Mosque" title="Umayyad Mosque">Umayyad Mosque</a> in Damascus. He will descend from the heavens wearing two garments lightly dyed with <a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">saffron</a> and his hands resting on the shoulders of two <a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">angels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he lowers his head it will seem as if water is flowing from his hair, when he raises his head, it will appear as though his hair is beaded with silvery pearls.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every disbeliever who would smell the odor of his self would die.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Sunni <i>ḥadīth</i>, the Dajjal will then be chased to the gate of <a href="/wiki/Lod" title="Lod">Lod</a> where he will be captured and killed by ʿĪsā.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-abidawud4321_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abidawud4321-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ʿĪsā will then break the <a href="/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Christian cross">Christian cross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Gerasene_demoniac" title="Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac">kill all the pigs</a>, abolish the <i><a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">jizya</a></i> tax, and establish peace among all nations.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ḥadīth_literature"><span id=".E1.B8.A4ad.C4.ABth_literature"></span><i>Ḥadīth</i> literature</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ḥadīth literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following account describes one of the signs of the arrival of the Dajjal in Sunni eschatology. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Narrated <a href="/wiki/Mu%27adh_ibn_Jabal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mu'adh ibn Jabal">Mu'adh ibn Jabal</a>: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: The flourishing state of Jerusalem will be when Yathrib is in ruins, the ruined state of Yathrib will be when the great war comes, the outbreak of the great war will be at the conquest of Constantinople and the conquest of Constantinople when the Dajjal (Antichrist) comes forth. He (the Prophet) struck his thigh or his shoulder with his hand and said: This is as true as you are here or as you are sitting (meaning Mu'adh ibn Jabal).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Thawban ibn Kaidad narrated that Prophet Muhammad said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"There will be 30 dajjals among my Ummah. Each one will claim that he is a prophet; but I am the last of the Prophets (Seal of the Prophets), and there will be no Prophet after me."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Related by <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Hanbal" title="Ahmad ibn Hanbal">Ahmad ibn Hanbal</a> as a sound hâdith.</cite></div></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Abu_Hurayra" title="Abu Hurayra">Abu Hurairah</a> narrated that Rasulullah said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"The Hour will not be established until two big groups fight each other whereupon there will be a great number of casualties on both sides and they will be following one and the same religious doctrine, until about 30 dajjals appear, and each of them will claim that he is Allah's Apostle..."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a>, Volume 9, Book 88: Afflictions and the End of the World, Hâdith Number 237.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Rasulullah also stated that the last of these dajjals would be the Islamic Antichrist, al-Masih ad-Dajjal (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">the Deceitful Messiah</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dajjal is never mentioned in the Quran but he's mentioned and described in the <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith"><i>ḥadīth</i> literature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like in Christianity, the Dajjal is said to emerge out in the east, although the specific location varies among the various sources.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dajjal will imitate the miracles performed by <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a>, such as healing the sick and raising the dead, the latter done with the aid of demons (<i><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">Shayāṭīn</a></i>). He will deceive many people, such as weavers, magicians, half-castes, and children of prostitutes, but the majority of his followers will be <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic eschatological narrative</a>, the events related to the final battle before the <a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Day of Judgment</a> will proceed in the following order: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>11 <i>Hadith</i> also report on the “<a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology#Greater_signs" title="Islamic eschatology">Greater Signs</a>” of the end, which include the appearance of the Antichrist (Dajjal) and the reappearance of the prophet <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Jesus</a> to join in battle with him at <a href="/wiki/Dabiq,_Syria" title="Dabiq, Syria">Dabbiq</a> in <a href="/wiki/Syria_(region)" title="Syria (region)">Syria</a>, as well as the arrival of the <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdī</a>, the “guided one.” As another <i>hadith</i> attributed to <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Alī ibn Abī Talib</a> puts it, “Most of the Dajjal’s followers are <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fornication_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Fornication in Islam">children of fornication</a>; God will kill him in Syria, at a pass called the Pass of Afiq, after three hours are gone from the day, at the hand of Jesus".<sup id="cite_ref-Gallagher_2020_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallagher_2020-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Jews are prophesied to be followers of the dajjal, as narrated by <a href="/wiki/Anas_ibn_Malik" title="Anas ibn Malik">Anas bin Malik</a>: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Seventy thousand of the Jews of <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isbahan</a> will follow the Dajjal, wearing Tayalisahs.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a> 2944<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p><br /> <a href="/wiki/Samura_ibn_Jundab" title="Samura ibn Jundab">Samra ibn Jundab</a> reported that once Prophet Muhammad, while delivering a ceremonial speech at an occasion of a <a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse" title="Solar eclipse">solar eclipse</a>, said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Verily by Allah, the Last Hour will not come until 30 dajjals will appear and the final one will be the One-eyed False Messiah.",</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Related by <a href="/wiki/Musnad_Ahmad_ibn_Hanbal" title="Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal">Imam Ahmed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Tabarani" title="Al-Tabarani">Imam Tabarani</a> as a sound hâdith.</cite></div></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Anas_ibn_Malik" title="Anas ibn Malik">Anas ibn Malik</a> narrated that Rasulullah said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"There is never a prophet who has not warned the Ummah of that one-eyed liar; behold he is one-eyed and your Lord is not one-eyed.<sup id="cite_ref-muslim1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muslim1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dajjal is blind of one eye<sup id="cite_ref-muslim2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muslim2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On his forehead are the letters <a href="/wiki/K-F-R" class="mw-redirect" title="K-F-R">k. f. r.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kafir" title="Kafir">Kafir</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-muslim1_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muslim1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> between the eyes of the Dajjal<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which every Muslim would be able to read."<sup id="cite_ref-muslim2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muslim2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a>, Book 41: The Book Pertaining to the Turmoil and Portents of the Last Hour, Chapter 7: The Turmoil Would Go Like The Mounting Waves of the Ocean, Ahâdith 7007-7009.</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">the rightly guided one</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) is the redeemer according to Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-EI2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just like the Dajjal,<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Mahdi is never mentioned in the Quran but his description can be found in the <i>ḥadīth</i> literature;<sup id="cite_ref-EI2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> according to the Islamic eschatological narrative, he will appear on Earth before the <a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Day of Judgment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gallagher_2020_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallagher_2020-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muslim_World_2004_p.421_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muslim_World_2004_p.421-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Glasse_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glasse-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Coming#Islam" title="Second Coming">Second Coming of Christ</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the prophet ʿĪsā shall return to defeat and kill al-Masih ad-Dajjal.<sup id="cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gallagher_2020_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallagher_2020-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muslims believe that both ʿĪsā and the Mahdi will rid the world of wrongdoing, injustice, and tyranny, ensuring peace and tranquility.<sup id="cite_ref-Momen_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Momen-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, the Dajjal will be killed by the Mahdi and ʿĪsā at the gate of <a href="/wiki/Lod" title="Lod">Lud</a>, who upon seeing Dajjal will cause him to slowly dissolve (like salt in water).<sup id="cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 1980s, popular Islamic writers, such as Said Ayyub of Egypt, have blamed the forces of Dajjal for the overtaking of the Islamic world by the Western states.<sup id="cite_ref-Akyol-nyt-3-10-16_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Akyol-nyt-3-10-16-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twelver_Shīʿa_eschatology"><span id="Twelver_Sh.C4.AB.CA.BFa_eschatology"></span>Twelver Shīʿa eschatology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Twelver Shīʿa eschatology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Occultation_(Islam)" title="Occultation (Islam)">Occultation (Islam)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reappearance_of_Muhammad_al-Mahdi" title="Reappearance of Muhammad al-Mahdi">Reappearance of Muhammad al-Mahdi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Fourteen_Infallibles" title="The Fourteen Infallibles">The Fourteen Infallibles</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg/263px-Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg" decoding="async" width="263" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg/395px-Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg/526px-Jamkaran_Mosque_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%85_21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jamkaran_Mosque" title="Jamkaran Mosque">Jamkaran Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Qom" title="Qom">Qom</a>, Iran is a popular pilgrimage site for <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shīʿa Muslims</a>. Local belief holds that the <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Mahdi" title="Muhammad al-Mahdi">12th Shīʿīte Imam</a>—the promised <a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a> according to <a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelvers</a>—once appeared and offered prayers at Jamkaran.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver denomination</a> of <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shīʿa Islam</a>, one of the signs of the reappearance of the Mahdi whom Twelvers consider to be <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Mahdi" title="Muhammad al-Mahdi">their 12th Imam</a> from the <i><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Ahl al-Bayt</a></i> ("People of the Household"), is the advent of the Dajjal.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Whoever denies al-Mahdi has denied God, and whoever accepts al-Dajjal has denied God (turned an infidel)." This Shīʿīte <i>ḥadīth</i> attributed to Muhammad strongly emphasizes the return of Dajjal and the event of the reappearance of the Mahdi.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ḥadīth_literature_2"><span id=".E1.B8.A4ad.C4.ABth_literature_2"></span><i>Ḥadīth</i> literature</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ḥadīth literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a Twelver Shīʿīte <i>ḥadīth</i> on the topic of the Dajjal, an excerpt from a longer sermon by <a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib</a>: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Narrated <a href="/wiki/Shaykh_Saduq" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaykh Saduq">Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn Babawayh al-Qummi</a> in <i>Kamal al-din wa tamam al-ni'mah Vol 2, Ch 47, Hadith 1</i>: </p><p>Narrated to us Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Ishaq that he said: Narrated to us Abdul Aziz bin Yahya Jaludi in Basra: Narrated to us Husain bin Maaz: Narrated to us Qais bin Hafs: Narrated to us Yunus bin Arqam from Abi Yasar Shaibani from Zahhak bin Muzahim from Nazaal bin Sabra that he said: </p><p> Asbagh bin Nubatah stood up and said: "O Maula! Who would be the Dajjal?" He (Imam Ali) replied: "The name of Dajjal is Saeed bin Saeed. Thus one who supports him is unfortunate. And fortunate are those who deny him. He shall emerge from Yahoodiya village of Isfahan. On his forehead would be inscribed: 'Kafir' (disbeliever) which would readable to the literate as well as the illiterate.</p><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><p>He shall jump into the seas. The Sun will follow him. A mountain of smoke will precede him and a white mountain will follow him, which in times of famine will be mistaken to be a mountain of food (bread). He shall be mounted on a white ash. One step of that ash will be of one mile. Whichever spring or well he reaches, will dry up forever. He will call out aloud which shall be audible to all in the east and the west from the jinns, humans, and satans."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto2_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>He would tell his followers that he is their Lord, whereas he would be a one-eyed man with human needs and God does not have any needs nor he has an eye. Muhammad strongly warned his companions and believers about this deceiving claim. According to a tradition "Al-Dajjal will verily be given birth by his mother in Qous in Egypt, and there will be thirty years separating between his birth and appearance. Shia reports regarding Isa state that he will descend at the Damascus east gate then he will appear in the East where he will be granted caliphate." This is a narration by <a href="/wiki/Naim_ibn_Hammad" title="Naim ibn Hammad">Nu'aym bin Hammad</a> and also according to the hadith of Jassasah, "it is reported that he is confined in an abbey or a palace at an island in the Shaam or the Sea of Yemen. Some hadith reports that he will emerge from Khorasan whereas some say that he will appear in a place between the <a href="/wiki/Syria_(region)" title="Syria (region)">Shaam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People will be deceived by his magic and sorcery for which he will be falsely claimed as Messiah. On the first day of his appearance, seventy thousand Jews will follow him. They will be wearing green caps. They will consider him as their promised savior; the one who is described in their holy books. The actual cause of their faith would be their animosity with the Muslims. <a href="/wiki/Ja%27far_al-Sadiq" title="Ja'far al-Sadiq">Ja'far al-Sadiq</a> narrates from the Prophet Muhammad that, most of Dajjal's followers would be people from illegitimate relationships, habitual drinkers, singers, musicians, bedouins, and women. He will travel all around the world except Mecca and Medina.. The earth would be under his control to such an extent that even the ruins will turn into treasures and the earth will sprout vegetation on his command. As soon as he descends, he will order a river to flow and then return and then dry up. The river will follow his command. Even the mountains, clouds and wind will be controlled by him. Due to this, his followers will gradually increase which will eventually make him proclaim himself as God.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A hadith from the Prophet indicates the condition of the world. He said, "Five years prior to the advent of Dajjal there shall be drought and nothing shall be cultivated. Such that all the hoofed animals shall perish”. After his emergence, the world would be facing acute famine. He will have food and water with him. Many people will accept his claim just for some food and water. He will spread oppression and tyranny all over the world.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main aim of the Dajjal will be mischief and test of the people. The one who follows him will be exited from Islam and the one who denies him will be the believer.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Mahdi reappears, he will appoint Isa (Jesus) as his representative. Isa would attack him and catch him at the gate of Ludd (present day 'Lod' near Tel Aviv)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the narrations of Ali, when the Mahdi returns, he will lead the prayers and Isa will follow him. As soon as Dajjal sees Isa, Dajjal would melt like Lead. Ali mentions Dajjal's defeat in one of his sermons, saying that Dajjal will set out toward the Hijaz and Isa (Jesus) will intercept him at the passage of Harsha. ‘Isa will direct a horrible shout at him and strike him a decisive blow. <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Baqir" title="Muhammad al-Baqir">Muhammad al-Baqir</a> narrated that at the time when Dajjal will arise, the people would not know about God, hence making it easy for the Dajjal to claim himself as God. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ahmadi_Muslim_eschatology">Ahmadi Muslim eschatology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ahmadi Muslim eschatology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:88%; line-height:200%;"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="nobold">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Ahmadiyya" title="Category:Ahmadiyya">a series</a> on</span></span> <br /><span style="font-size:200%;"><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg/175px-Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg/263px-Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg/350px-Liwa-e-Ahmadiyya_1-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Aqidah" title="Aqidah">Beliefs and practices</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Tawhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam" title="Five Pillars of Islam">Five Pillars of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iman_(Islam)" title="Iman (Islam)">Six articles of faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay%27ah_(Ahmadiyya)" title="Bay'ah (Ahmadiyya)">Bay'ah</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Distinct views</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_in_Ahmadiyya" title="Prophets in Ahmadiyya">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Ahmadiyya" title="Jesus in Ahmadiyya">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_view_on_Jihad" title="Ahmadiyya view on Jihad">Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_views_on_evolution" title="Ahmadiyya views on evolution">Evolution</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Days of remembrance</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate_Day" title="Caliphate Day">Caliphate Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promised_Messiah_Day" title="Promised Messiah Day">Promised Messiah Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promised_Reformer_Day" title="Promised Reformer Day">Promised Reformer Day</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Islamic_texts" title="List of Islamic texts">Foundational texts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">sciences</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Sirah</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqidah" title="Aqidah"><i>Aqidah</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(creed)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir"><i>Tafsir</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(exegesis)</span></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh"><i>Fiqh</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(jurisprudence)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia"><i>Sharia</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(law)</span></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Key literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad_bibliography" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad bibliography"><i>Rūhānī Khazā᾽in</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malf%C5%ABz%C4%81t" title="Malfūzāt">Malfūzāt</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafseer-e-Kabeer" class="mw-redirect" title="Tafseer-e-Kabeer"><i>Tafsīr-e-Kabīr</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqaiq_al-furqan" title="Haqaiq al-furqan"><i>Haqā'iq al-Furqān</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Review_of_Religions" title="Review of Religions">Review of Religions</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Fazl_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Fazl (newspaper)"><i>Al Fazl</i> (newspaper)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Muslim_Sunrise" title="The Muslim Sunrise">The Muslim Sunrise</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revelation,_Rationality,_Knowledge_%26_Truth" class="mw-redirect" title="Revelation, Rationality, Knowledge & Truth">Revelation, Rationality, Knowledge & Truth</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_Caliphate" title="Ahmadiyya Caliphate">Organizational structure</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_Caliphate" title="Ahmadiyya Caliphate">Caliphs:</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Noor-ud-Din" title="Hakeem Noor-ud-Din">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Basheer-ud-Din_Mahmood_Ahmad" title="Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Nasir_Ahmad" title="Mirza Nasir Ahmad">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Tahir_Ahmad" title="Mirza Tahir Ahmad">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Masroor_Ahmad" title="Mirza Masroor Ahmad">V</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya#The_Consultative_Council" title="Ahmadiyya">Majlis al-Shura </a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lajna_Ima%27illah" title="Lajna Ima'illah">Lajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuddam-ul_Ahmadiyya" title="Khuddam-ul Ahmadiyya">Khuddām</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansarullah_(Ahmadiyya)" title="Ansarullah (Ahmadiyya)">Ansār</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalsa_Salana" title="Jalsa Salana">Jalsa Salana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ahmadiyya_buildings_and_structures" title="List of Ahmadiyya buildings and structures">Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamia_Ahmadiyya" title="Jamia Ahmadiyya">Jamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Television_Ahmadiyya_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim Television Ahmadiyya International">MTA</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Key sites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Hijaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hijaz">Hijaz</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al-Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">Al-Masjid an-Nabawi</a></li></ul> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fazl_Mosque,_London" title="Fazl Mosque, London">Fazl Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitul_Futuh_Mosque" title="Baitul Futuh Mosque">Baitul Futuh Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mubarak_Mosque,_Tilford" title="Mubarak Mosque, Tilford">Mubarak Mosque</a></li></ul> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Qadian" title="Qadian">Qadian</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aqsa_Mosque,_Qadian" title="Aqsa Mosque, Qadian">Aqsa Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minaret-ul-Masih" class="mw-redirect" title="Minaret-ul-Masih">Minaret-ul-Masih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mubarak_Mosque,_Qadian" title="Mubarak Mosque, Qadian">Mubarak Mosque</a></li></ul> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Rabwah" title="Rabwah">Rabwah</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aqsa_Mosque,_Rabwah" title="Aqsa Mosque, Rabwah">Aqsa Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamia_Ahmadiyya" title="Jamia Ahmadiyya">Jamia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Miscellaneous</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Ahmadis" title="Persecution of Ahmadis">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_by_country" title="Ahmadiyya by country">Ahmadiyya by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_and_other_faiths" title="Ahmadiyya and other faiths">Ahmadiyya and other faiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ahmadis" title="List of Ahmadis">List of Ahmadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanity_First" title="Humanity First">Humanity First</a> (NGO Charity)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Ahmadiyya_Movement_for_the_Propagation_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam">Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_translations_of_the_Quran" title="Ahmadiyya translations of the Quran">Ahmadiyya translations of the Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roza_Bal" title="Roza Bal">Roza Bal</a> (Tomb of Jesus)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mai_Mari_da_Ashtan" title="Mai Mari da Ashtan">Mai Mari da Ashtan</a> (Tomb of Mary)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ahmadiyya" title="Template:Ahmadiyya"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ahmadiyya" title="Template talk:Ahmadiyya"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ahmadiyya" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ahmadiyya"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Prophecies concerning the emergence of the Dajjal are interpreted in <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a> teachings as designating a specific group of nations centered upon a false theology (or Christology) instead of an individual, with reference to the Dajjal in the singular indicating its unity as a system rather than its personal individuality. In particular, Ahmadis identify the Dajjal collectively with the missionary expansion and colonial dominance of <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Europe" title="Christianity in Europe">European Christianity</a> throughout the world, a development which had begun soon after the Muslim <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">conquest of Constantinople</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a> in the 15th century and accelerated by the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with other eschatological themes, <a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a>, the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement, wrote extensively on this topic. </p><p>The identification of the Dajjal, principally with <a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_colonialism" title="Christianity and colonialism">colonial missionaries</a> was drawn by Ghulam Ahmad through linking the <i>hadith</i> traditions about him with certain Quranic passages such as, <i>inter alia</i>, the description in the <i>hadith</i> of the emergence of the Dajjal as the greatest tribulation since the creation of <a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>, taken in conjunction with the Quran's description of the deification of Jesus as the greatest abomination; the warning only against the putative lapses of the Jews and Christians in <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Fatiha" title="Al-Fatiha">al-Fatiha</a></i>—the principal Islamic prayer—and the absence therein of any warning specifically against the Dajjal; a prophetic <i>hadith</i> which prescribed the recitation of the opening and closing ten verses of chapter eighteen of the Quran, (<i><a href="/wiki/Al-Kahf" title="Al-Kahf">al-Kahf</a></i>) as a safeguard against the mischief of the Dajjal, the former of which speak of a people “who assign a son to God” and the latter, of those whose lives are entirely given to the pursuit and manufacture of material goods; and descriptions of the period of the Dajjal's reign as coinciding with the dominance of Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The attributes of the Dajjal as described in the <i>hadith</i> literature are thus taken as symbolic representations and interpreted in a way which would make them compatible with Quranic readings and not compromise the <a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">inimitable</a> attributes of God in Islam. The Dajjal being blind in his right eye while being sharp and oversized in his left, for example, is indicative of being devoid of religious insight and spiritual understanding, but excellent in material and scientific attainment.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, the Dajjal not entering <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> is interpreted with reference to the failure of colonial missionaries in reaching these two places.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Defeat_of_the_Dajjal">Defeat of the Dajjal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Defeat of the Dajjal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The defeat of the Dajjal in Ahmadi Muslim eschatology is to occur by force of argument and by the warding off of its mischief through the very advent of the Messiah rather than through physical warfare,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the Dajjal's power and influence gradually disintegrating and ultimately allowing for the recognition and worship of God along with Islamic ideals to prevail throughout the world in a period similar to the period of time it took for nascent Christianity to rise through the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers" title="Seven Sleepers">Seven Sleepers</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In particular, the teaching that Jesus was a mortal man who survived crucifixion and <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Ahmadiyya_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam">died a natural death</a>, as propounded by Ghulam Ahmad, has been seen by some scholars as a move to neutralise Christian soteriologies of Jesus and to project the superior rationality of Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 'gate of Lud' (<i>Bāb al-Ludd</i>) spoken of in the <i>hadith</i> literature as the site where the Dajjal is to be slain (or captured)<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is understood in this context as indicating the confutation of Christian proclaimants by way of disputative engagement in light of the Quran (<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D19%3Averse%3D97">19:97</a></span>). The <i>hadith</i> has also been exteriorly linked with <a href="/wiki/Ludgate_Hill" title="Ludgate Hill">Ludgate</a> in London, the westernmost point where <a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul of Tarsus</a>—widely believed by Muslims to be the principal corrupter of Jesus' original teachings—is thought to have preached according to the <a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Chapter_of_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="The Lost Chapter of the Acts of the Apostles">Sonnini Manuscript</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts of the Apostles</a> and other ecclesiastical works predating its discovery. Upon his arrival in London in 1924, Ghulam Ahmad's son and second <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_Caliphate" title="Ahmadiyya Caliphate">Successor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mirza_Basheer-ud-Din_Mahmood_Ahmad" title="Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad">Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud</a> proceeded directly to this site and led a lengthy <a href="/wiki/Dua" title="Dua">prayer</a> outside the entrance of <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a> before laying the foundation for a <a href="/wiki/Fazl_Mosque,_London" title="Fazl Mosque, London">mosque in London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saf_ibn_Sayyad" title="Saf ibn Sayyad">Saf ibn Sayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadith_of_Najd" title="Hadith of Najd">Hadith of Najd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufyani" title="Sufyani">Sufyani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armilus" title="Armilus">Armilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djall" title="Djall">Djall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Farhang_2017-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Farhang_2017_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFarhang2017" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Farhang, Mehrvash (2017). "Dajjāl". In Madelung, Wilferd; Daftary, Farhad (eds.). <i>Encyclopaedia Islamica</i>. Translated by Negahban, Farzin. <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1875-9831_isla_COM_035982">10.1163/1875-9831_isla_COM_035982</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1875-9823">1875-9823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dajj%C4%81l&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Islamica&rft.place=Leiden+and+Boston&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1875-9831_isla_COM_035982&rft.issn=1875-9823&rft.aulast=Farhang&rft.aufirst=Mehrvash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiddiqi2020" class="citation web cs1">Siddiqi, Shazia (17 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oleantimesherald.com/lifestyle/the-antichrist-of-islamic-tradition/article_762406ec-41b5-5fb4-aa6e-656fb0141803.html">"The Antichrist of Islamic tradition"</a>. <i>Olean Times Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Olean+Times+Herald&rft.atitle=The+Antichrist+of+Islamic+tradition&rft.date=2020-01-17&rft.aulast=Siddiqi&rft.aufirst=Shazia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oleantimesherald.com%2Flifestyle%2Fthe-antichrist-of-islamic-tradition%2Farticle_762406ec-41b5-5fb4-aa6e-656fb0141803.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cook_2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook_2021_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Cook_(historian)" title="David Cook (historian)">Cook, David</a> (2021) [2002]. <i>Studies in Muslim Apocalyptic</i>. <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> and <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: Gerlach Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">93–</span>104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783959941211" title="Special:BookSources/9783959941211"><bdi>9783959941211</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/238821310">238821310</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Muslim+Apocalyptic&rft.place=Berlin+and+London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E93-%3C%2Fspan%3E104&rft.pub=Gerlach+Press&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F238821310&rft.isbn=9783959941211&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWahiduddin_Khan2011" class="citation book cs1">Wahiduddin Khan (2011). <i>The Alarm of Doomsday</i>. Goodword Books. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Alarm+of+Doomsday&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Goodword+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Wahiduddin+Khan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._Payne-Smith1903" class="citation book cs1">J. Payne-Smith (1903). <i>A Compendious Syriac Dictionary</i>. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Compendious+Syriac+Dictionary&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1903&rft.au=J.+Payne-Smith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewisohn, L., Shackle, C. (2006). Attar and the Persian Sufi Tradition: The Art of Spiritual Flight. Vereinigtes Königreich: Bloomsbury Publishing.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cgie.org.ir/fa/article/240697/%D8%AE%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84">https://www.cgie.org.ir/fa/article/240697/%D8%AE%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abidawud4321-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-abidawud4321_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abidawud4321_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-abidawud4321_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/abudawud/39/31">"Sunan Abi Dawud 4321"</a>. <i>sunnah.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sunnah.com&rft.atitle=Sunan+Abi+Dawud+4321&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fabudawud%2F39%2F31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span> In-book reference: Book 39 (Battles), Hadith 31; English translation: Book 38, Hadith 4307</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/muslim:2937a">"Sahih Muslim 2937a - The Book of Tribulations and Portents of the Last Hour - كتاب الفتن وأشراط الساعة - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)"</a>. <i>sunnah.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sunnah.com&rft.atitle=Sahih+Muslim+2937a+-+The+Book+of+Tribulations+and+Portents+of+the+Last+Hour+-+%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%86+%D9%88%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9+-+Sunnah.com+-+Sayings+and+Teachings+of+Prophet+Muhammad+%28%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%89+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87+%D9%88+%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fmuslim%3A2937a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/muslim/54/134">"Sahih Muslim 2937a"</a>. <i>sunnah.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sunnah.com&rft.atitle=Sahih+Muslim+2937a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fmuslim%2F54%2F134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span> In-book reference: Book 54 (Tribulations and Portents of the Last Hour), Hadith 134; Reference: Sahih Muslim 2937a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah/36/152">"Sunan Ibn Majah 4077"</a>. <i>sunnah.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sunnah.com&rft.atitle=Sunan+Ibn+Majah+4077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fibnmajah%2F36%2F152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span> In-book reference: Book 36 (Tribulations), Hadith 152; English translation: Vol. 5, Book 36, Hadith 4077</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/abudawud/39/4">"Sunan Abi Dawud 4294"</a>. <i>sunnah.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sunnah.com&rft.atitle=Sunan+Abi+Dawud+4294&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnah.com%2Fabudawud%2F39%2F4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span>; In-book reference: Book 39 (Battles), Hadith 4; English translation: Book 38, Hadith 4281, Hasan</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/bukhari/088-sbt.php#009.088.237">9:88:237</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gallagher_2020-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gallagher_2020_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gallagher_2020_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gallagher_2020_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallagher2020" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Gallagher" title="Eugene V. Gallagher">Gallagher, Eugene</a> (28 February 2020). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordre.com/religion/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-125">"Millennialism"</a></span>. <i>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199340378.013.125">10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.125</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199340378" title="Special:BookSources/9780199340378"><bdi>9780199340378</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Millennialism&rft.btitle=Oxford+Research+Encyclopedia+of+Religion&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020-02-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199340378.013.125&rft.isbn=9780199340378&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordre.com%2Freligion%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199340378.001.0001%2Facrefore-9780199340378-e-125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Persian shawls</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/SahihMuslim-Arabic-english7Vol.Set">"Sahih Muslim - Arabic-English (7 Vol. Set)"</a> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sahih+Muslim+-+Arabic-English+%287+Vol.+Set%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FSahihMuslim-Arabic-english7Vol.Set&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-muslim1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-muslim1_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-muslim1_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/muslim/041-smt.php#041.7007">41:7007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-muslim2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-muslim2_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-muslim2_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/muslim/041-smt.php#041.7009">41:7009</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/muslim/041-smt.php#041.7008">41:7008</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315191536/http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?id=1704">"The Signs Before the Day of Judgment by Ibn Kathîr"</a>. Qa.sunnipath.com. 3 July 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?id=1704">the original</a> on 15 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Signs+Before+the+Day+of+Judgment+by+Ibn+Kath%C3%AEr&rft.pub=Qa.sunnipath.com&rft.date=2005-07-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fqa.sunnipath.com%2Fissue_view.asp%3Fid%3D1704&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI2-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EI2_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI2_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadelung1986" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wilferd_Madelung" title="Wilferd Madelung">Madelung, Wilferd</a> (1986). "al-Mahdī". In <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Edmund_Bosworth" title="Clifford Edmund Bosworth">Bosworth, C. E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Emeri_Johannes_van_Donzel" class="mw-redirect" title="Emeri Johannes van Donzel">van Donzel, E. J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Wolfhart_Heinrichs" title="Wolfhart Heinrichs">Heinrichs, W. P.</a>; Lewis, B.; <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pellat" title="Charles Pellat">Pellat, Ch.</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam#2nd_edition,_EI2" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam">Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</a></i>. Vol. 5. <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0618">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0618</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16121-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16121-4"><bdi>978-90-04-16121-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=al-Mahd%C4%AB&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Second+Edition&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0618&rft.isbn=978-90-04-16121-4&rft.aulast=Madelung&rft.aufirst=Wilferd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muslim_World_2004_p.421-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Muslim_World_2004_p.421_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin 2004: 421</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Glasse-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Glasse_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Glasse 2001: 280</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup>[<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D3%3Averse%3D55">3:55</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/muslim/041-smt.php#041.7023">41:7023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Momen-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Momen_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Momen 1985: 166-8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Akyol-nyt-3-10-16-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Akyol-nyt-3-10-16_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkyol2016" class="citation news cs1">Akyol, Mustafa (3 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/04/opinion/the-problem-with-the-islamic-apocalypse.html">"The Problem With the Islamic Apocalypse"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. New York Times<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Problem+With+the+Islamic+Apocalypse&rft.date=2016-10-03&rft.aulast=Akyol&rft.aufirst=Mustafa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F10%2F04%2Fopinion%2Fthe-problem-with-the-islamic-apocalypse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/life-imam-al-mahdi-baqir-shareef-al-qurashi/signs-reappearance-imam-time-0">"Signs of the Reappearance of the Imam of the Time (a.s.)"</a>. <i>Al-Islam.org</i>. 13 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Islam.org&rft.atitle=Signs+of+the+Reappearance+of+the+Imam+of+the+Time+%28a.s.%29&rft.date=2016-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Flife-imam-al-mahdi-baqir-shareef-al-qurashi%2Fsigns-reappearance-imam-time-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/lights-muhammadan-sunnah-or-defence-hadith-mahmud-abu-rayyah/al-dajjal-impostor">"Al-Dajjal (Impostor)"</a>. <i>Al-Islam.org</i>. 28 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Islam.org&rft.atitle=Al-Dajjal+%28Impostor%29&rft.date=2020-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Flights-muhammadan-sunnah-or-defence-hadith-mahmud-abu-rayyah%2Fal-dajjal-impostor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbu_Ja'far_Muhammad_ibn_'Ali_ibn_Babawayh_al-Qummi" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Shaykh_Saduq" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaykh Saduq">Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn Babawayh al-Qummi</a>. "Chapter 47: Narration regarding Dajjal (anti-Christ)". <i>Kamal al-din wa tamam al-ni'mah</i>. Vol. 2. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+47%3A+Narration+regarding+Dajjal+%28anti-Christ%29&rft.btitle=Kamal+al-din+wa+tamam+al-ni%27mah&rft.place=Tehran&rft.pub=Dar+al-Kutub+al-Islamiyya&rft.au=Abu+Ja%27far+Muhammad+ibn+%27Ali+ibn+Babawayh+al-Qummi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sahih Muslim (Dhikr ad-Dajjal)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-islam.org/jesus-though-shiite-narrations-mahdi-muntazir-qaim/his-second-coming">"His Second Coming"</a>. <i>Al-Islam.org</i>. 18 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Islam.org&rft.atitle=His+Second+Coming&rft.date=2013-11-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Fjesus-though-shiite-narrations-mahdi-muntazir-qaim%2Fhis-second-coming&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlasséSmith2003" class="citation book cs1">Glassé, Cyril; Smith, Huston (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=focLrox-frUC"><i>The New Encyclopedia of Islam</i></a>. Altamira Press. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7591-0190-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7591-0190-6"><bdi>0-7591-0190-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Altamira+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7591-0190-6&rft.aulast=Glass%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rft.au=Smith%2C+Huston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfocLrox-frUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonker2015" class="citation book cs1">Jonker, Gerdien (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GUUpCwAAQBAJ"><i>The Ahmadiyya Quest for Religious Progress: Missionizing Europe 1900-1965</i></a>. Brill Publishers. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30529-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30529-8"><bdi>978-90-04-30529-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ahmadiyya+Quest+for+Religious+Progress%3A+Missionizing+Europe+1900-1965&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30529-8&rft.aulast=Jonker&rft.aufirst=Gerdien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGUUpCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValentine2008" class="citation book cs1">Valentine, Simon (2008). <i>Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat: history, belief, practice</i>. Columbia University Press. p. 148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70094-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70094-8"><bdi>978-0-231-70094-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Ahmadiyya+jama%CA%BBat%3A+history%2C+belief%2C+practice&rft.pages=148&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-231-70094-8&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Malik Ghulam Farid, et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alislam.org/quran/tafseer/?page=1479&region=E1">Al-Kahf, <i>The Holy Quran with English Translation and Commentary</i></a> Vol. III, p.1479</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muhammad Ali. (1992) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf"><i>The Antichrist and Gog and Magog</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701133728/http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf">Archived</a> 1 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Ohio: Ahmadiyya Anjuman-i Ishāʿat-i Islām</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alislam.org/library/browse/book/The_Essence_of_Islam/?p=3#page/279/mode/1up"><i>The Essence of Islam</i>, Vol. III</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171111042054/https://www.alislam.org/library/browse/book/The_Essence_of_Islam/?p=3">Archived</a> 11 November 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Tilford: Islam International, p.290</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muhammad Ali. (1992) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf"><i>The Antichrist and Gog and Magog</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701133728/http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf">Archived</a> 1 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Ohio: Ahmadiyya Anjuman-i Ishāʿat-i Islām, pp.12-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muhammad Ali. (1992) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf"><i>The Antichrist and Gog and Magog</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701133728/http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf">Archived</a> 1 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Ohio: Ahmadiyya Anjuman-i Ishāʿat-i Islām, pp.19-20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alislam.org/library/browse/book/The_Essence_of_Islam/?p=3#page/290/mode/1up"><i>The Essence of Islam</i>, Vol. III</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171111042054/https://www.alislam.org/library/browse/book/The_Essence_of_Islam/?p=3">Archived</a> 11 November 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Tilford: Islam International, p.290</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muhammad Ali. (1992) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf"><i>The Antichrist and Gog and Magog</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180701133728/http://aaiil.org/text/books/mali/gog/antichristgogmagog.pdf">Archived</a> 1 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Ohio: Ahmadiyya Anjuman-i Ishāʿat-i Islām, pp.57-60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mirza Masroor Ahmad, (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alislam.org/introduction/conditions.pdf"><i>Conditions of Bai'at and Responsibilities of an Ahmadi</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101228043314/http://www.alislam.org/introduction/conditions.pdf">Archived</a> 28 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Surrey: Islam International, p.184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValentine2008" class="citation book cs1">Valentine, Simon (2008). <i>Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat: history, belief, practice</i>. Columbia University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">148–</span>9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70094-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70094-8"><bdi>978-0-231-70094-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Ahmadiyya+jama%CA%BBat%3A+history%2C+belief%2C+practice&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E148-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-231-70094-8&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis Robinson.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XLvL4zh8KK4C">‘The British Empire and the Muslim World' in Judith Brown, Wm Roger Louis (ed) <i>The Oxford History of the British Empire: Volume IV: The Twentieth Century</i>.</a> Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 411. "At their most extreme religious strategies for dealing with the Christian presence might involve attacking Christian revelation at its heart, as did the Punjabi Muslim, Ghulam Ahmad (d. 1908), who founded the Ahmadiyya missionary sect. He claimed that he was the messiah of the Jewish and Muslim tradition; the figure known as Jesus of Nazareth had not died on the cross but survived to die in Kashmir."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yohanan Friedmann. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rv8EAAAACAAJ&q=Prophecy+Continuous"><i>Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and its Medieval Background</i></a> Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 114. "He [Ghulam Ahmad] realized the centrality of the crucifixion and of the doctrine of vicarious atonement in the Christian dogma, and understood that his attack on these two was an attack on the innermost core of Christianity "</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kambiz_GhaneaBassiri" title="Kambiz GhaneaBassiri">Kambiz GhaneaBassiri</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_Islam_in_America.html?id=xKsLCx2VmcwC"><i>A History of Islam in America: From the New World to the New World Order</i></a> Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 208. "Ghulam Ahmad denied the historicity of Jesus' crucifixion and claimed that Jesus had fled to India where he died a natural death in Kashmir. In this way, he sought to neutralize Christian soteriologies of Christ and to demonstrate the superior rationality of Islam."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValentine2008" class="citation book cs1">Valentine, Simon (2008). <i>Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat: history, belief, practice</i>. Columbia University Press. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70094-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-70094-8"><bdi>978-0-231-70094-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Ahmadiyya+jama%CA%BBat%3A+history%2C+belief%2C+practice&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-231-70094-8&rft.aulast=Valentine&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span> "Proclaiming himself as reformer of Islam, and wanting to undermine the validity of Christianity, Ahmad went for the theological jugular, the foundational teachings of the Christian faith. 'The death of Jesus Christ' explained one of Ahmad's biographers ‘was to be the death-knell of the Christian onslaught against Islam'. As Ahmad argued, the idea of Jesus dying in old age, rather than death on a cross, as taught by the gospel writers, 'invalidates the divinity of Jesus and the doctrine of Atonement'."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Gate of Lud' Abul Husayn Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj Qushayri al-Nishapuri. <i>Sahih Muslim</i>. Of the Turmoil & Portents of the Last Hour. No 7015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeaves2017" class="citation book cs1">Geaves, Ron (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mMA2DwAAQBAJ"><i>Islam and Britain: Muslim Mission in an Age of Empire</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 138. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4742-7173-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4742-7173-8"><bdi>978-1-4742-7173-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+Britain%3A+Muslim+Mission+in+an+Age+of+Empire&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4742-7173-8&rft.aulast=Geaves&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmMA2DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Masih+ad-Dajjal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shahid, Dost Mohammad, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alislam.org/urdu/pdf/Tarikh-e-Ahmadiyyat-V04.pdf"><i>Tarikh e Ahmadiyyat</i> vol IV.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807003931/http://www.alislam.org/urdu/pdf/Tarikh-e-Ahmadiyyat-V04.pdf">Archived</a> 7 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> p446.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/ahm/cardiff.htm"><i>Seeing with Both Eyes</i></a>, transcript of a lecture on the Dajjal by Cambridge Professor Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad (born <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Winter" title="Timothy Winter">Timothy Winter</a>)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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title="Strangelet">Strangelet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_intelligence" title="Synthetic intelligence">Synthetic intelligence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AI_takeover" title="AI takeover">AI takeover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Existential_risk_from_artificial_general_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Existential risk from artificial general intelligence">Existential risk from artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_singularity" title="Technological singularity">Technological singularity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sociological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropogenic_hazard" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropogenic hazard">Anthropogenic hazard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collapsology" title="Collapsology">Collapsology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doomsday_argument" title="Doomsday argument">Doomsday argument</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-indication_assumption_doomsday_argument_rebuttal" title="Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal">Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-referencing_doomsday_argument_rebuttal" title="Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal">Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_collapse" title="Economic collapse">Economic collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malthusianism" title="Malthusianism">Malthusian catastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_(conspiracy_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="New World Order (conspiracy theory)">New World Order (conspiracy theory)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_holocaust" title="Nuclear holocaust">Nuclear holocaust</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobalt_bomb" title="Cobalt bomb">cobalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_famine" title="Nuclear famine">famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_winter" title="Nuclear winter">winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Societal_collapse" title="Societal collapse">Societal collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_collapse" title="State collapse">State collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_III" title="World War III">World War III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climate_apocalypse" title="Climate apocalypse">Ecological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Climate_variability_and_change" title="Climate variability and change">Climate change</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anoxic_event" title="Anoxic event">Anoxic event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_loss" title="Biodiversity loss">Biodiversity loss</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_mortality_event" title="Mass mortality event">Mass mortality event</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_effect_(ecology)" title="Cascade effect (ecology)">Cascade effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataclysmic_pole_shift_hypothesis" title="Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis">Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_and_civilizational_collapse" title="Climate change and civilizational collapse">Climate change and civilizational collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">Desertification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extinction_risk_from_climate_change" title="Extinction risk from climate change">Extinction risk from climate change</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tipping_points_in_the_climate_system" title="Tipping points in the climate system">Tipping points in the climate system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flood_basalt" title="Flood basalt">Flood basalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_dimming" title="Global dimming">Global dimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_terrestrial_stilling" title="Global terrestrial stilling">Global terrestrial stilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">Global warming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypercane" title="Hypercane">Hypercane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_age" title="Ice age">Ice age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecocide" title="Ecocide">Ecocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_collapse" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecological collapse">Ecological collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_degradation" title="Environmental degradation">Environmental degradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitat_destruction" title="Habitat destruction">Habitat destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_impact_on_the_environment" title="Human impact on the environment">Human impact on the environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_with_coral_reefs" title="Environmental issues with coral reefs">coral reefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_impact_on_marine_life" title="Human impact on marine life">on marine life</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_degradation" title="Land degradation">Land degradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_consumption" title="Land consumption">Land consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_surface_effects_on_climate" title="Land surface effects on climate">Land surface effects on climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_acidification" title="Ocean acidification">Ocean acidification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozone_depletion" title="Ozone depletion">Ozone depletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_depletion" title="Resource depletion">Resource depletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_level_rise" title="Sea level rise">Sea level rise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supervolcano" title="Supervolcano">Supervolcano</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_winter" title="Volcanic winter">winter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verneshot" title="Verneshot">Verneshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_pollution" title="Water pollution">Water pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_scarcity" title="Water scarcity">Water scarcity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Earth_Overshoot_Day" title="Earth Overshoot Day">Earth Overshoot Day</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Overexploitation" title="Overexploitation">Overexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overpopulation" title="Overpopulation">Overpopulation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_overpopulation" title="Human overpopulation">Human overpopulation</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Biological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">Extinction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extinction_event" title="Extinction event">Extinction event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_extinction" title="Holocene extinction">Holocene extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_extinction" title="Human extinction">Human extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extinction_events" title="List of extinction events">List of extinction events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_erosion" title="Genetic erosion">Genetic erosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_pollution" title="Genetic pollution">Genetic pollution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_loss" title="Biodiversity loss">Biodiversity loss</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decline_in_amphibian_populations" title="Decline in amphibian populations">Decline in amphibian populations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_in_insect_populations" title="Decline in insect populations">Decline in insect populations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biotechnology_risk" title="Biotechnology risk">Biotechnology risk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biological_agent" title="Biological agent">Biological agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare" title="Biological warfare">Biological warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioterrorism" title="Bioterrorism">Bioterrorism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_collapse_disorder" title="Colony collapse disorder">Colony collapse disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defaunation" title="Defaunation">Defaunation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysgenics" title="Dysgenics">Dysgenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_contamination" title="Interplanetary contamination">Interplanetary contamination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic">Pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollinator_decline" title="Pollinator decline">Pollinator decline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">Overfishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Astronomical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Crunch" title="Big Crunch">Big Crunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Rip" title="Big Rip">Big Rip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection" title="Coronal mass ejection">Coronal mass ejection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmological_phase_transition" title="Cosmological phase transition">Cosmological phase transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geomagnetic_storm" title="Geomagnetic storm">Geomagnetic storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_vacuum_decay" class="mw-redirect" title="False vacuum decay">False vacuum decay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_burst" title="Gamma-ray burst">Gamma-ray burst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_death_of_the_universe" title="Heat death of the universe">Heat death of the universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton_decay" title="Proton decay">Proton decay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_black_hole" title="Virtual black hole">Virtual black hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_event" title="Impact event">Impact event</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_impact_avoidance" title="Asteroid impact avoidance">Asteroid impact avoidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_impact_prediction" title="Asteroid impact prediction">Asteroid impact prediction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">Potentially hazardous object</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth object</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_winter" title="Impact winter">winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_planet" title="Rogue planet">Rogue planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_star" title="Intergalactic star">Rogue star</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_supernova" title="Near-Earth supernova">Near-Earth supernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypernova" title="Hypernova">Hypernova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronova" title="Micronova">Micronova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_flare" title="Solar flare">Solar flare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_collision" title="Stellar collision">Stellar collision</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eschatology" title="Eschatology">Eschatological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_eschatology" title="Buddhist eschatology">Buddhist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maitreya" title="Maitreya">Maitreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Ages_of_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Ages of Buddhism">Three Ages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_eschatology" title="Hindu eschatology">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Last Judgement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Coming" title="Second Coming">Second Coming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">1 Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Daniel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abomination_of_desolation" title="Abomination of desolation">Abomination of desolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophecy_of_Seventy_Weeks" title="Prophecy of Seventy Weeks">Prophecy of Seventy Weeks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Futurism_(Christianity)" title="Futurism (Christianity)">Futurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" title="Historicism (Christianity)">Historicism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historicist_interpretations_of_the_Book_of_Revelation" title="Historicist interpretations of the Book of Revelation">Interpretations of Revelation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)"> Idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preterism" title="Preterism">Preterism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_to_the_Thessalonians" title="Second Epistle to the Thessalonians">2 Thessalonians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Man_of_sin" title="Man of sin">Man of sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katechon" title="Katechon">Katechon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Events_of_Revelation" title="Events of Revelation">Events</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse">Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_of_fire" title="Lake of fire">Lake of fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Number_of_the_beast" title="Number of the beast">Number of the Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_bowls" title="Seven bowls">Seven bowls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_seals" title="Seven seals">Seven seals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beast_(Revelation)" title="The Beast (Revelation)">The Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_witnesses" title="Two witnesses">Two witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Heaven" title="War in Heaven">War in Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whore_of_Babylon" title="Whore of Babylon">Whore of Babylon</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Apostasy" title="Great Apostasy">Great Apostasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Earth_(Christianity)" title="New Earth (Christianity)">New Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jerusalem" title="New Jerusalem">New Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivet_Discourse" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Tribulation" title="Great Tribulation">Great Tribulation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_perdition" title="Son of perdition">Son of perdition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sheep_and_the_Goats" title="The Sheep and the Goats">Sheep and Goats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qa%27im_Al_Muhammad" title="Qa'im Al Muhammad">Al-Qa'im</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Qarnayn" title="Dhu al-Qarnayn">Dhu al-Qarnayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Suwayqatayn" title="Dhul-Suwayqatayn">Dhul-Suwayqatayn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dajjal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufyani" title="Sufyani">Sufyani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messiah_in_Judaism" title="Messiah in Judaism">Messiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog" title="Gog and Magog">War of Gog and Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Temple" title="Third Temple">Third Temple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Norse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frashokereti" title="Frashokereti">Zoroastrian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saoshyant" title="Saoshyant">Saoshyant</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_end_times_prediction" title="2011 end times prediction">2011 end times prediction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_phenomenon" title="2012 phenomenon">2012 phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">Apocalypse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalyptic_literature" title="Apocalyptic literature">Apocalyptic literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypticism" title="Apocalypticism">Apocalypticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armageddon" title="Armageddon">Armageddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_moon_prophecy" title="Blood moon prophecy">Blood moon prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Changes" title="Earth Changes">Earth Changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_catastrophic_risk" title="Global catastrophic risk">End time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog" title="Gog and Magog">Gog and Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dates_predicted_for_apocalyptic_events" title="List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events">List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianism" title="Messianism">Messianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Age" title="Messianic Age">Messianic Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millenarianism" title="Millenarianism">Millenarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennialism" title="Millennialism">Millennialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premillennialism" title="Premillennialism">Premillennialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amillennialism" title="Amillennialism">Amillennialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmillennialism" title="Postmillennialism">Postmillennialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis_(hypothetical_star)" title="Nemesis (hypothetical star)">Nemesis (hypothetical star)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibiru_cataclysm" title="Nibiru cataclysm">Nibiru cataclysm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">Rapture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rapture#Prewrath_premillennialism" title="Rapture">Prewrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posttribulation_rapture" title="Posttribulation rapture">Posttribulation rapture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_resurrection" title="Universal resurrection">Resurrection of the dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_to_come" title="World to come">World to come</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alien_invasion" title="Alien invasion">Alien invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction" title="Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction">Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction" title="List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction">List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">List of apocalyptic films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_fiction" title="Climate fiction">Climate fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster films</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disaster_films" title="List of disaster films">List of disaster films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_apocalypse" title="Zombie apocalypse">Zombie apocalypse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie" title="Zombie">Zombie</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_the_Study_of_Existential_Risk" title="Centre for the Study of Existential Risk">Centre for the Study of Existential Risk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_Humanity_Institute" title="Future of Humanity Institute">Future of Humanity Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_Life_Institute" title="Future of Life Institute">Future of Life Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Threat_Initiative" title="Nuclear Threat Initiative">Nuclear Threat Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ransomware" title="Ransomware">Ransomware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberwarfare" title="Cyberwarfare">Cyberwarfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster" title="Disaster">Disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_depression" title="Economic depression">Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis" title="Financial crisis">Financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic">Pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot" title="Riot">Riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_crisis" title="Social crisis">Social crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survivalism" title="Survivalism">Survivalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" 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