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Riad</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ayeche Riad"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ayeche Riad"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Ayeche Riad"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ayeche Riad</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer Patients at Hospital of Amizour, Bejaia, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adjebli%20Ahmed">Adjebli Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messis%20Abdelaziz"> Messis Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayeche%20Riad"> Ayeche Riad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tighilet%20Karim"> Tighilet Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talbi%20Melissa"> Talbi Melissa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smaili%20Yanis"> Smaili Yanis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lehri%20Mokrane"> Lehri Mokrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louardiane%20Mustapha"> Louardiane Mustapha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Data and fecal samples from colorectal cancer patients were collected at the Amizour Public Hospital's oncology department (Bejaia, Algeria). Microbiological and cohort study were conducted at the Biological Engineering of Cancers laboratory at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Bejaia. All the data showed that patients aged between 50 and 70 years were the most affected by colorectal cancer, while the age categories of [30-40] and [40-50] were the least affected. Males were more likely to be at risk of contracting colorectal cancer than females. The most common types of colorectal cancer among the studied population were sigmoid cancer, rectal cancer, transverse colon cancer, and ascending colon cancer. The hereditary factor was found to be more dominant than other risk factors. Bacterial identification revealed the presence of certain pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial genera, such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Shigella sp, and Streptococcus group D. These results led us to conclude that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome is strongly present in colorectal cancer patients at the EPH of Amizour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiome" title="microbiome">microbiome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer" title=" colorectal cancer"> colorectal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title=" risk factors"> risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20identification" title=" bacterial identification"> bacterial identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164659/dysbiosis-of-the-intestinal-microbiome-in-colorectal-cancer-patients-at-hospital-of-amizour-bejaia-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Implementation of a Baseline RISC for the Realization of a Dynamically Reconfigurable Processor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajer%20Najjar">Hajer Najjar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Bourguiba"> Riad Bourguiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaouhar%20Mouine"> Jaouhar Mouine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processors are widely used because of their multiple advantages. In fact, they are based on a simple instruction set so that they increase the speed of the processor and reduce its energy consumption. In this paper, we will present a basic RISC architecture processor that will be developed later to converge to a new architecture with runtime reconfiguration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processor" title="processor">processor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RISC" title=" RISC"> RISC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DLX" title=" DLX"> DLX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipeline" title=" pipeline"> pipeline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runtime%20reconfiguration" title=" runtime reconfiguration"> runtime reconfiguration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16176/implementation-of-a-baseline-risc-for-the-realization-of-a-dynamically-reconfigurable-processor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16176.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> The Design and Implementation of an Enhanced 2D Mesh Switch</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manel%20Langar">Manel Langar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Bourguiba"> Riad Bourguiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaouhar%20Mouine"> Jaouhar Mouine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose the design and implementation of an enhanced wormhole virtual channel on chip router. It is a heart of a mesh NoC using the XY deterministic routing algorithm. It is characterized by its simple virtual channel allocation strategy which allows reducing area and complexity of connections without affecting the performance. We implemented our router on a Tezzaron process to validate its performances. This router is a basic element that will be used later to design a 3D mesh NoC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NoC" title="NoC">NoC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh" title=" mesh"> mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=router" title=" router"> router</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20NoC" title=" 3D NoC"> 3D NoC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16177/the-design-and-implementation-of-an-enhanced-2d-mesh-switch" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">568</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Wear Measurement of Thermomechanical Parameters of the Metal Carbide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Harouz">Riad Harouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Mahfoud"> Brahim Mahfoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The threads and the circles on reinforced concrete are obtained by process of hot rolling with pebbles finishers in metal carbide which present a way of rolling around the outside diameter. Our observation is that this throat presents geometrical wear after the end of its cycle determined in tonnage. In our study, we have determined, in a first step, experimentally measurements of the wear in terms of thermo-mechanical parameters (Speed, Load, and Temperature) and the influence of these parameters on the wear. In the second stage, we have developed a mathematical model of lifetime useful for the prognostic of the wear and their changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lifetime" title="lifetime">lifetime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20carbides" title=" metal carbides"> metal carbides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-mechanical" title=" thermo-mechanical"> thermo-mechanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26931/wear-measurement-of-thermomechanical-parameters-of-the-metal-carbide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Bioengineering System for Prediction and Early Prenosological Diagnostics of Stomach Diseases Based on Energy Characteristics of Bioactive Points with Fuzzy Logic </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Alshamasin">Mahdi Alshamasin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Al-Kasasbeh"> Riad Al-Kasasbeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolay%20Korenevskiy"> Nikolay Korenevskiy </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We apply mathematical models for the interaction of the internal and biologically active points of meridian structures. Amongst the diseases for which reflex diagnostics are effective are those of the stomach disease. It is shown that use of fuzzy logic decision-making yields good results for the prediction and early diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract diseases, depending on the reaction energy of biologically active points (acupuncture points). It is shown that good results for the prediction and early diagnosis of diseases from the reaction energy of biologically active points (acupuncture points) are obtained by using fuzzy logic decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acupuncture%20points" title="acupuncture points">acupuncture points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostically%20important%20points%20%28DIP%29" title=" diagnostically important points (DIP)"> diagnostically important points (DIP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidence%20factors" title=" confidence factors"> confidence factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membership%20functions" title=" membership functions"> membership functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stomach%20diseases" title=" stomach diseases "> stomach diseases </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34901/bioengineering-system-for-prediction-and-early-prenosological-diagnostics-of-stomach-diseases-based-on-energy-characteristics-of-bioactive-points-with-fuzzy-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Forecasting Cancers Cases in Algeria Using Double Exponential Smoothing Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messis%20A.">Messis A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adjebli%20A."> Adjebli A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayeche%20R."> Ayeche R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talbi%20M."> Talbi M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tighilet%20K."> Tighilet K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louardiane%20M."> Louardiane M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cancers are the second cause of death worldwide. Prevalence and incidence of cancers is getting increased by aging and population growth. This study aims to predict and modeling the evolution of breast, Colorectal, Lung, Bladder and Prostate cancers over the period of 2014-2019. In this study, data were analyzed using time series analysis with double exponential smoothing method to forecast the future pattern. To describe and fit the appropriate models, Minitab statistical software version 17 was used. Between 2014 and 2019, the overall trend in the raw number of new cancer cases registered has been increasing over time; the change in observations over time has been increasing. Our forecast model is validated since we have good prediction for the period 2020 and data not available for 2021 and 2022. Time series analysis showed that the double exponential smoothing is an efficient tool to model the future data on the raw number of new cancer cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20exponential%20smoothing" title=" double exponential smoothing"> double exponential smoothing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164142/forecasting-cancers-cases-in-algeria-using-double-exponential-smoothing-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> A Study on How Domestic Cats' Nutritional Behavior is Affected by Adjustment Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Maria Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is activated by the adaptation stress, and this might result in the alteration of certain behavioral signs. The primary purpose of this paper is the adaptive stress effect on dietary behavior, which is directly correlated with changes in plasma cortisol levels. Physiological factors have a role in systems of adaptation and stress. Objectives: Ten clinically healthy cats were included in the study, and they were all kept in the same setting. Methods: On days 1, 5, 9, and 10 of the stay, each cat's behavior was observed through ethograms, and the serum cortisol levels were also measured at the same time. Significant behavioral changes in terms of nutrition were seen on the first day, with 50% of the participants not feeding and all participants not watering. Toward the study's conclusion, between days 5 and 9, there were no longer any discernible changes in the dietary habits, which might be attributed to the adaptation to the new living conditions. Cortisol variations in serological levels were consistent with behavioral changes; in 50% of the participants under observation, there was a substantial increase in values (p<0.05), which gradually declined as the study came to an end. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20cats" title="domestic cats">domestic cats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ewes" title=" ewes"> ewes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20behavior" title=" nutritional behavior"> nutritional behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjustment%20stress" title=" adjustment stress"> adjustment stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20cortisol%20levels" title=" plasma cortisol levels"> plasma cortisol levels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187021/a-study-on-how-domestic-cats-nutritional-behavior-is-affected-by-adjustment-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">41</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Power Generation through Water Vapour: An Approach of Using Sea/River/Lake Water as Renewable Energy Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad">Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As present world needs more and more energy in a low cost way, it needs to find out the optimal way of power generation. In the sense of low cost, renewable energy is one of the greatest sources of power generation. Water vapour of sea/river/lake can be used for power generation by using the greenhouse effect in a large flat type water chamber floating on the water surface. The water chamber will always be kept half filled. When water evaporates by sunlight, the high pressured gaseous water will be stored in the chamber. By passing through a pipe and by using aerodynamics it can be used for power generation. The water level of the chamber is controlled by some means. As a large amount of water evaporates, an estimation can be highlighted, approximately 3 to 4 thousand gallons of water evaporates from per acre of surface (this amount will be more by greenhouse effect). This large amount of gaseous water can be utilized for power generation by passing through a pipe. This method can be a source of power generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title="renewable energy">renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenhouse%20effect" title=" greenhouse effect"> greenhouse effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20chamber" title=" water chamber"> water chamber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20vapour" title=" water vapour"> water vapour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63915/power-generation-through-water-vapour-an-approach-of-using-seariverlake-water-as-renewable-energy-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> 4G LTE Dynamic Pricing: The Drivers, Benefits, and Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Rashad%20Harb%20Riad%20Ismail">Ahmed Rashad Harb Riad Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to study the potential of Dynamic Pricing if deployed by mobile operators and analyse its effects from both operators and consumers side. Furthermore, to conclude, throughout the research study, the recommended conditions for successful Dynamic Pricing deployment, recommended factors identifying the type of markets where Dynamic Pricing can be effective, and proposal for a Dynamic Pricing stakeholders’ framework were presented. Currently, the mobile telecommunications industry is witnessing a dramatic growth rate in the data consumption, being fostered mainly by higher data speed technology as the 4G LTE and by the smart devices penetration rates. However, operators’ revenue from data services lags behind and is decupled from this data consumption growth. Pricing strategy is a key factor affecting this ecosystem. Since the introduction of the 4G LTE technology will increase the pace of data growth in multiples, consequently, if pricing strategies remain constant, then the revenue and usage gap will grow wider, risking the sustainability of the ecosystem. Therefore, this research study is focused on Dynamic Pricing for 4G LTE data services, researching the drivers, benefits and challenges of 4G LTE Dynamic Pricing and the feasibility of its deployment in practice from different perspectives including operators, regulators, consumers, and telecommunications equipment manufacturers point of views. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTE" title="LTE">LTE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20pricing" title=" dynamic pricing"> dynamic pricing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPC" title=" EPC"> EPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6817/4g-lte-dynamic-pricing-the-drivers-benefits-and-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> VII Phytochemistry UNIT-IV Glycoside</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magy%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Magy Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Glycosides: Enzymatic and hydrolysis reactions of glycosides, mechanism of action, SAR, therapeutic uses and toxicity of glycosides. Cardiac glycosides of digitalis, bufa and squill. Structure of salicin, hesperidin and rutin. Glycosides are certain molecules in which a sugar part is bound to some other part. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Formally, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group and form glycosidic bonds via an O-glycosidic bond or an S-glycosidic bond; glycosides involving the latter are also called thioglycosides. The purpose: the addition of sugar be bonded to a non-sugar for the molecule to qualify as a glycoside, The sugar group is then known as the glycone and the non-sugar group as the aglycone or genin part of the glycoside. The glycone can consist of a single sugar group (monosaccharide) or several sugar groups (oligosaccharide). The glycone and aglycone portions can be chemically separated by hydrolysis in the presence of acid. Methods: There are also numerous enzymes that can form and break glycosidic bonds. Results: The most important cleavage enzymes are the glycoside hydrolases, and the most important synthetic enzymes in nature are glycosyltransferases. Mutant enzymes termed glycosynthases have been developed that can form glycosidic bonds. Conclusions: There are a great many ways to chemically synthesize glycosidic bonds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycosides" title="glycosides">glycosides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bufa" title=" bufa"> bufa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=squill" title=" squill"> squill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thioglycosides" title=" thioglycosides"> thioglycosides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184292/vii-phytochemistry-unit-iv-glycoside" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Daily Variations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Industrial Sites in an Suburban Area of Sour El Ghozlane, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidali%20Khedidji">Sidali Khedidji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Yassaa"> Noureddine Yassaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Ladji"> Riad Ladji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, n-alkanes which are hazardous for the environment and human health were investigated in Sour El Ghozlane suburban atmosphere at a sampling point from April 2013 to Mai 2013. Ambient concentration measurements of n-Alkanes were carried out at a regional study of the cement industry in Sour El Ghozlane. During sampling, the airborne particulate matter was enriched onto PTFE filters by using a two medium volume samplers with or without a size-selective inlet for PM10 and TSP were used and each sampling period lasted approximately 24 h. The organic compounds were characterized using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS). Total concentrations for n-Alkanes recorded in Sour El Ghozlane suburban ranged from 42 to 69 ng m-3. Gravimeter method was applied to the black smoke concentration data for Springer seasons. The 24 h average concentrations of n-alkanes contain the PM10 and TSP of Sour El Ghozlane suburban atmosphere were found in the range 0.50–7.06 ng/m3 and 0.29–6.97 ng/m3, respectively, in the sampling period. Meteorological factors, such as (relative humidity and temperature) were typically found to be affecting PMs, especially PM10. Air temperature did not seem to be significantly affecting TSP and PM10 mass concentrations. The guide value fixed by the European Community, 40 μg/m3 was not to exceed 35 days, was exceeded in some samples. However, it should be noted that the value limit fixed by the Algerian regulations 80 μg/m3 has been exceeded in 1 sampler during the period study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=n-alkanes" title="n-alkanes">n-alkanes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM10" title=" PM10"> PM10</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TSP" title=" TSP"> TSP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate%20matter" title=" particulate matter"> particulate matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20industry" title=" cement industry"> cement industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17744/daily-variations-of-polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons-pahs-in-industrial-sites-in-an-suburban-area-of-sour-el-ghozlane-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Evaluation of the Practice of Veterinary Pharmacy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Maria Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In the United Kingdom (UK), pharmacists' roles have expanded considerably in recent decades to encompass clinical practice through more direct patient care. However, dispensing and compounding remain core activities for pharmacists. A lack of marketed preparations for species-specific animal use results in veterinary pharmacy practice compounding, retaining its prominence. Current participation by pharmacists to support this sphere of practice would appear to be minimal. Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the opinions and views toward the practice of veterinary pharmacy by a cross-sectional group of pharmacists. Methods: Research data were collected via a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed at the 2012 annual conference of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Sampling was purposive, with a random distribution of the questionnaire to pharmacists during the conference sessions. Key findings: Interaction by pharmacists with veterinary pharmacies is currently minimal, primarily due to a lack of knowledge of veterinary medicines. Respondents revealed a lack of veterinary pharmacy courses during their undergraduate studies. This has led to situations where some veterinary prescriptions are dispensed without adequate checks being performed by the pharmacist. Pharmacists, on occasion, do not dispense veterinary prescriptions presented to them due to insufficient knowledge of veterinary medicines and/or a lack of consultable reference sources. The effect on practice is that pharmacists do not always participate as fully as would seem logical. Conclusions: Pharmacists' participation in veterinary pharmacy is limited by a lack of knowledge of veterinary medicines, mostly resulting from inadequate tuition on veterinary pharmacy during their initial education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20pharmacy" title="veterinary pharmacy">veterinary pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20medicines" title=" veterinary medicines"> veterinary medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy%20education" title=" pharmacy education"> pharmacy education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacists%20continuing%20professional%20development" title=" pharmacists continuing professional development"> pharmacists continuing professional development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166835/evaluation-of-the-practice-of-veterinary-pharmacy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Daily Variations of Particulate Matter (PM10) in Industrial Sites in an Suburban Area of Sour El Ghozlane, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidali%20Khedidji">Sidali Khedidji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Ladji"> Riad Ladji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Yassaa"> Noureddine Yassaa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, particulate matter (PM10) which are hazardous for environment and human health were investigated in Sour El Ghozlane suburban atmosphere at a sampling point from March 2013 to April 2013. Ambient concentration measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were carried out at a regional study of the cement industry in Sour El Ghozlane. During sampling, the airborne particulate matter was enriched onto PTFE filters by using a two medium volume samplers with or without a size-selective inlet for PM10 and TSP were used and each sampling period lasted approximately 24 h. The organic compounds were characterized using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MSD). Total concentrations for PAHs recorded in sour el ghozlane suburban ranged from 101 to 204 ng m-3. Gravimeter method was applied to the black smoke concentration data for Springer seasons. The 24 h average concentrations of PM10 and TSP of Sour El Ghozlane suburban atmosphere were found in the range 4.76–165.76 μg/m3 and 28.63–800.14 μg/m3, respectively, in the sampling period. Meteorological factors, such as (relative humidity and temperature) were typically found to be affecting PMs, especially PM10. Air temperature did not seem to be significantly affecting TSP and PM10 mass concentrations.The guide value fixed by the European Community «40 μg/m3» not to exceed 35 days, were exceeded in some samples. However, it should be noted that the value limit fixed by the Algerian regulations «80 μg/m3» has been exceeded in 3 samplers during the period study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAHs" title="PAHs">PAHs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM10" title=" PM10"> PM10</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TSP" title=" TSP"> TSP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate%20matter" title=" particulate matter"> particulate matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20industry" title=" cement industry "> cement industry </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17745/daily-variations-of-particulate-matter-pm10-in-industrial-sites-in-an-suburban-area-of-sour-el-ghozlane-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Effect of Many Levels of Undegradable Protein on Performance, Blood Parameters, Colostrum Composition and Lamb Birth Weight in Pregnant Ewes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Maria Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different protein sources with different degradability ratios during late gestation of ewes on colostrum composition and its IgG concentration, body weight change of dams, and birth weight of their lambs. Objectives: 35 multiparous native crossbred ewes (BW= 59±2.5kg) were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (7 ewes / treatment) for 2 months prior to lambing. Methods: Experimental diets were isonitrogenous (12.27% CP) and isocaloric (2.22 Mcal ME/kg DM). In diet I (the control), solvent extract soybeans (SESM 33% RUP of CP), II feed grade urea (FGU 31% RUP), III slow release urea (SRU 31% RUP). As sources of undegradable protein, extruded expeller SBM-EESM 40 (37% RUP) and extruded expeller SBM-EESM 60 (41% RUP) were used in groups IV and V, respectively. Results showed no significant effect on feed intake, crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy (ME), and body condition score (BCS). Ewes fed the 37% RUP diet gained more (p<0.05) weight compared with ewes fed the 31% RUP diet (5.62 vs. 2.5kg). Ewes in EESM 60 had the highest levels of fat, protein, total solid, solid not fat, and immunoglobulin and the lowest in urea N content (P< 0.05) in colostrum during the first 24hrs after lambing. Conclusions: Protein source and RUP levels in ewes’ diets had no significant effect (P< 0.05) on lambs’ birth weight and ewes' blood biochemical parameters. Increasing the RUP content of diet during late gestation resulted in an increase in colostrum constituents and its IgG level but had no effect on ewes’ performance and their lambs’ outcome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colostrum" title="colostrum">colostrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ewes" title=" ewes"> ewes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lambs%20output" title=" lambs output"> lambs output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undegradable%20protein" title=" undegradable protein"> undegradable protein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184596/effect-of-many-levels-of-undegradable-protein-on-performance-blood-parameters-colostrum-composition-and-lamb-birth-weight-in-pregnant-ewes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> The Bayesian Premium Under Entropy Loss</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farouk%20Metiri">Farouk Metiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halim%20Zeghdoudi"> Halim Zeghdoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Riad%20Remita"> Mohamed Riad Remita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Credibility theory is an experience rating technique in actuarial science which can be seen as one of quantitative tools that allows the insurers to perform experience rating, that is, to adjust future premiums based on past experiences. It is used usually in automobile insurance, worker's compensation premium, and IBNR (incurred but not reported claims to the insurer) where credibility theory can be used to estimate the claim size amount. In this study, we focused on a popular tool in credibility theory which is the Bayesian premium estimator, considering Lindley distribution as a claim distribution. We derive this estimator under entropy loss which is asymmetric and squared error loss which is a symmetric loss function with informative and non-informative priors. In a purely Bayesian setting, the prior distribution represents the insurer’s prior belief about the insured’s risk level after collection of the insured’s data at the end of the period. However, the explicit form of the Bayesian premium in the case when the prior is not a member of the exponential family could be quite difficult to obtain as it involves a number of integrations which are not analytically solvable. The paper finds a solution to this problem by deriving this estimator using numerical approximation (Lindley approximation) which is one of the suitable approximation methods for solving such problems, it approaches the ratio of the integrals as a whole and produces a single numerical result. Simulation study using Monte Carlo method is then performed to evaluate this estimator and mean squared error technique is made to compare the Bayesian premium estimator under the above loss functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bayesian%20estimator" title="bayesian estimator">bayesian estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credibility%20theory" title=" credibility theory"> credibility theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy%20loss" title=" entropy loss"> entropy loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo%20simulation" title=" monte carlo simulation"> monte carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47704/the-bayesian-premium-under-entropy-loss" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Modeling of a Pilot Installation for the Recovery of Residual Sludge from Olive Oil Extraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riad%20Benelmir">Riad Benelmir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shoaib%20Ahmed%20Khan"> Muhammad Shoaib Ahmed Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The socio-economic importance of the olive oil production is significant in the Mediterranean region, both in terms of wealth and tradition. However, the extraction of olive oil generates huge quantities of wastes that may have a great impact on land and water environment because of their high phytotoxicity. Especially olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is one of the major environmental pollutants in olive oil industry. This work projects to design a smart and sustainable integrated thermochemical catalytic processes of residues from olive mills by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) and fast pyrolysis of olive mill wastewater sludge (OMWS). The byproducts resulting from OMWW-HTC treatment are a solid phase enriched in carbon, called biochar and a liquid phase (residual water with less dissolved organic and phenolic compounds). HTC biochar can be tested as a fuel in combustion systems and will also be utilized in high-value applications, such as soil bio-fertilizer and as catalyst or/and catalyst support. The HTC residual water is characterized, treated and used in soil irrigation since the organic and the toxic compounds will be reduced under the permitted limits. This project’s concept includes also the conversion of OMWS to a green diesel through a catalytic pyrolysis process. The green diesel is then used as biofuel in an internal combustion engine (IC-Engine) for automotive application to be used for clean transportation. In this work, a theoretical study is considered for the use of heat from the pyrolysis non-condensable gases in a sorption-refrigeration machine for pyrolysis gases cooling and condensation of bio-oil vapors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=olive%20oil%20extraction" title=" olive oil extraction"> olive oil extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption%20cooling" title=" adsorption cooling"> adsorption cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolisis" title=" pyrolisis"> pyrolisis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160362/modeling-of-a-pilot-installation-for-the-recovery-of-residual-sludge-from-olive-oil-extraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Local Governments Supporting Environmentally Sustainable Meals to Protect the Planet and People</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The ability of our world to support the expanding population after 2050 is at risk due to the food system's global role in poor health, climate change, and resource depletion. Healthy, equitable, and sustainable food systems must be achieved from the point of production through consumption in order to meet several of the sustainable development goals (SDG) targets. There is evidence that changing the local food environment can effectively change dietary habits in a community. The purpose of this article is to outline the policy initiatives taken by local governments to support environmentally friendly eating habits. Methods: Five databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles that described local government authorities' implementation of environmentally sustainable eating habits, were located in cities that had signed the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact, were published after 2015, were available in English, and described policy interventions. Data extraction was a two-step approach that started with extracting information from the included study and ended with locating information unique to policies in the grey literature. Results: 45 papers that described a variety of policy initiatives from low-, middle-, and high-income countries met the inclusion criteria. A variety of desired dietary behaviors were the focus of policy action, including reducing food waste, procuring food locally and in season, boosting breastfeeding, avoiding overconsumption, and consuming more plant-based meals and fewer items derived from animals. Conclusions: In order to achieve SDG targets, local governments are under pressure to implement evidence-based interventions. This study can help direct local governments toward evidence-based policy measures to improve regional food systems and support ecologically friendly eating habits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meals" title="meals">meals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planet" title=" planet"> planet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poor%20health" title=" poor health"> poor health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eating%20habits" title=" eating habits"> eating habits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171773/local-governments-supporting-environmentally-sustainable-meals-to-protect-the-planet-and-people" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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