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turustatavate varade loetelu"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/assets/guide/html/index.et.html">Kasutajajuhend</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/html/index.et.html">Tagatise mobiliseerimine</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Tagatise mobiliseerimine"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/ccbm/html/index.et.html">Keskpankadevaheline piiriüleste tagatiste haldamise raamistik</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/eligiblesss/html/index.et.html">Kõlblikud väärtpaberiarveldussüsteemid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/ssslinks/html/index.et.html">Kõlblikud ühendused</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/coll/triparty/html/index.et.html">Kõlblikud kolmepoolsed agendid</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/html/index.et.html">Riskide leevendamine</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Riskide leevendamine"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/ecaf/html/index.et.html">Eurosüsteemi krediidihindamisraamistik</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/riskcontrol/html/index.et.html">Riskikontroll</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/liquidity/html/index.et.html">Väärtuskärpe liigid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/risk/valuation/html/index.et.html">Väärtuse hindamine</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/html/index.et.html">Laenuandmete algatus</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Laenuandmete algatus"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/transmission/html/index.et.html">Andmevormid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/implementation/html/index.et.html">Kõlblikkusnõuded</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/loanlevel/faq/html/index.et.html">Korduma kippuvad küsimused</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/coll/contacts/html/index.et.html">Kontaktid</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/eaec/html/index.et.html">Euroala majanduse struktuur</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Euroala majanduse struktuur"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/ecopolicy/html/index.et.html">Majanduspoliitika</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/fiscal/html/index.et.html">Eelarvepoliitika</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/trade/html/index.et.html">Väliskaubandus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/eer/html/index.et.html">Efektiivsed vahetuskursid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/structure/html/index.et.html">Finantsstruktuur</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/markets/html/index.et.html">Finantsturud</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/intermediaries/html/index.et.html">Finantsvahendajad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/diversity/html/index.et.html">Majanduslik mitmekesisus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/eaec/labour/html/index.et.html">Tööturg</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/html/index.et.html">Turgude kontaktrühmad</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Turgude kontaktrühmad"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/bmcg/html/index.et.html">Võlakirjaturu kontaktrühm</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/mmcg/html/index.et.html">Rahaturu kontaktrühm</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/dimcg/html/index.et.html">Võlakirjade emiteerimise turu kontaktrühm (DIMCG)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/omg/html/index.et.html">EKP operatsioonihaldurite rühm</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/fxcg/html/index.et.html">Välisvaluuta kontaktrühm</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/mopo/market-contact-groups/iid/html/index.et.html">Institutsiooniliste investorite vaheline dialoog</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/paym/html/index.et.html">Maksed & finantsstabiilsus</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Maksed & finantsstabiilsus"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Maksed ja finantsstabiilsus</div> <p>Ülevaade meie tööst finantsstabiilsuse ning makse- ja turuinfrastruktuuride valdkonnas</p><a href="/paym/html/index.en.html">Ülevaade maksete ja finantsstabiilsuse teemadest</a><hr> <div class="nav-title">Lingid</div> <ul> <li><a href="/euro/digital_euro/html/index.en.html">Digitaalne euro</a></li> <li><a href="/press/intro/html/index.en.html">Maksete valdkonna arengud ja sündmused</a></li> <li><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/html/index.en.html">Dokumendid ja lingid TARGETi ekspertidele</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/pub/financial-stability/fsr/html/index.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/paym/financial-stability/html/index/fsr_1000x750.jpg" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"><div class="image-caption">Värskeim finantsstabiilsuse ülevaade</div> <div class="image-date">16. mai 2024</div></a></div></div><ul><li class="clearfix"><span>Maksed</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/html/index.et.html">TARGETi teenused</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for TARGETi teenused"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/coco/html/index.et.html">Ühised elemendid</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/t2/html/index.et.html">T2</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for T2"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2/facts/html/index.et.html">Facts and figures</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2/governance/html/index.et.html">Juhtimine</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/html/index.et.html">T2S</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for T2S"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/governance/html/index.et.html">Juhtimine</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/facts/html/index.et.html">Faktid ja arvud</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/t2s/pricing/html/index.et.html">Hinnakujundus</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/tips/html/index.et.html">TARGETi välkmaksete arveldussüsteem (TIPS)</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for TARGETi välkmaksete arveldussüsteem (TIPS)"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/crossborder/html/index.et.html">Cross-border payments</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/governance/html/index.et.html">Juhtimine</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/facts/html/index.et.html">Faktid ja arvud</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/tips/onboarding/html/index.et.html">Ühinemine</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/ecms/html/index.et.html">Eurosüsteemi tagatiste haldamise süsteem</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/html/index.et.html">TARGETi dokumendid ja lingid eksperdile</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for TARGETi dokumendid ja lingid eksperdile"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/coco/html/index.et.html">Ühised elemendid: dokumendid ja lingid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/t2/html/index.et.html">T2 dokumendid ja lingid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/t2s/html/index.et.html">T2S dokumendid ja lingid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/tips/html/index.et.html">TIPS: dokumendid ja lingid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/target/target-professional-use-documents-links/ecms/html/index.et.html">Ekspertidele</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/integration/html/index.et.html">Lõimumine ja innovatsioon</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Lõimumine ja innovatsioon"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/integration/distributed/html/index.et.html">Hajusraamatu tehnoloogia</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Hajusraamatu tehnoloogia"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/distributed/exploratory/html/index.et.html">Uurimistegevus</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/html/index.et.html">Jaemaksed</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Jaemaksed"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/retail_payments_strategy/html/index.et.html">Jaemakseteenuste strateegia</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/ecb/html/index.et.html">EKP kiirendav roll</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/sepa/html/index.et.html">Ühtne euromaksete piirkond (SEPA)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/retail/instant_payments/html/index.et.html">Välkmaksed</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/integration/collateral/html/index.et.html">Tagatiste haldamise ühtlustamine</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Tagatiste haldamise ühtlustamine"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/collateral/implementation/html/index.et.html">Rakendamine</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/integration/collateral/faq/html/index.et.html">Korduma kippuvad küsimused</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/cyber-resilience/html/index.et.html">Kübervastupidavusvõime</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Kübervastupidavusvõime"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cyber-resilience/fmi/html/index.et.html">Finantsturutaristud</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/cyber-resilience/tiber-eu/html/index.et.html">ELi TIBER-raamistik</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/pol/html/index.et.html">Järelevaatamine</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Järelevaatamine"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/systems/html/index.et.html">Maksesüsteemid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/target2-securities/html/index.et.html">TARGET2-Securities</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/instr/html/index.et.html">E-maksed</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/clearing/html/index.et.html">Väärtpaberiarveldussüsteemid ja kesksed vastaspooled</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/critical/html/index.et.html">Kriitilise tähtsusega teenusepakkujad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/correspondent-and-custodian-banks/html/index.et.html">Korrespondent- ja depoopangad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/pol/forum/html/index.et.html">SecuRe Pay foorum</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/erms/html/index.et.html">Reservihaldusteenused</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Reservihaldusteenused"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/erms/aspects/html/index.et.html">Põhiaspektid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/erms/service/html/index.et.html">Teenused</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/cashprof/html/index.et.html">Sularahakäitlejad</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Sularahakäitlejad"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/paym/cashprof/cashhand/html/index.et.html">Sularahakäitlus</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle 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href="/paym/groups/erpb/html/index.et.html">Eurojaemaksete nõukogu</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/groups/efip/html/index.et.html">Euroopa makseuuenduste foorum</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Finantsstabiilsus</span></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/financial-stability/html/index.et.html">Ülevaade</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/macroprudential-measures/html/index.et.html">Makrotasandi usaldatavusmeetmed</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/paym/financial_stability_contact_groups/html/index.et.html">Finantsstabiilsusega tegelevad kontaktrühmad</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/stats/html/index.et.html">Statistika</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Statistika"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Statistika</div> <p>Juurdepääs EKP statistikale ja taustteabele</p><a href="/stats/html/index.en.html">EKP statistika ülevaade</a><hr> <div class="nav-title">Lingid</div> <ul> <li><a href="https://data.ecb.europa.eu/main-figures">Olulised näitajad</a></li> <li><a href="https://data.ecb.europa.eu/">EKP andmeportaal</a></li> <li><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/accessing-our-data/html/index.en.html">Kõik andmeteenused</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/press/blog/date/2024/html/ecb.blog20240418~2240ea1850.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/press/blog/date/2024/html//ecb.blog20240418~2240ea1850/ecb.blog20240418~2240ea1850.jpg" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"><div class="image-caption">EKP BLOGI – Tõhustatud andmed: kuidas mõjutavad kliimamuutused panku</div> <div class="image-date">18. aprill 2024</div></a></div></div><ul><li class="clearfix"><span>Enim vaadatud</span></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/euro-exchange-rates/html/index.et.html">Euro vahetuskursid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/key-ecb-interest-rates/html/index.et.html">EKP baasintressimäärad</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/euro-short-term-rates/html/index.et.html">Euro lühiajaline intressimäär (€STR)</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Euro lühiajaline intressimäär (€STR)"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/euro-short-term-rates/interest_rate_benchmarks/html/index.et.html">Viiteintressimäärad</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Viiteintressimäärad"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/euro-short-term-rates/interest_rate_benchmarks/WG_euro_risk-free_rates/html/index.et.html">Euro riskivabade intressimäärade töörühm</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/inflation/html/index.et.html">Inflatsioon</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/euro-area-yield-curves/html/index.et.html">Euroala tulukõverad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Kogu statistika ja taustteave</span></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/all-key-statistics/html/index.et.html">Kõik olulised statistikaandmed</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/accessing-our-data/html/index.et.html">Juurdepääs andmetele</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/html/index.et.html">Põhiteemad</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Põhiteemad"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/governance_and_quality_framework/html/index.et.html">Statistika haldamine ja kvaliteediraamistik</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/co-operation_and_standards/html/index.et.html">Koostöö ja standardid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/reporting/html/index.et.html">Pankade aruandlus</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/anacredit/html/index.et.html">AnaCredit</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for AnaCredit"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/anacredit/questions/html/index.et.html">AnaCredit: küsimused ja vastused</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/consultations/html/index.et.html">Avalikud konsultatsioonid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/dialogue/html/index.et.html">Pangandussektori dialoog EKPSi statistika ja integreeritud aruandluse küsimustes</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/sdmx/html/index.et.html">Statistiliste andmete vahetuse mudel (SDMX)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/stats/ecb_statistics/inexda/html/index.et.html">Granulaarsete andmete võrgustik (INEXDA)</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/euro/html/index.et.html">Euro</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Euro"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Euro</div> <p>Ühisvääringuga seotud teemad</p><a href="/euro/html/index.en.html">Ülevaade eurost</a><hr> <div class="nav-title">Lingid</div> <ul> <li><a href="/paym/cashprof/html/index.en.html">Sularahakäitlejad</a></li> <li><a href="/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/banknotes+coins/html/index.en.html">Statistika pangatähtede ja müntide kohta</a></li> <li><a href="/stats/policy_and_exchange_rates/euro_reference_exchange_rates/html/index.en.html">Euro vahetuskursid</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/stats/ecb_surveys/space/html/ecb.space2024~19d46f0f17.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/euro/shared/img/cover.png" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"><div class="image-caption">Euroala tarbijate maksealaste hoiakute uuring (2024)</div> <div class="image-date">19. detsember 2024</div></a></div></div><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/html/index.et.html">Digitaalne euro</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Digitaalne euro"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/features/html/index.et.html">Põhiomadused</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Põhiomadused"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/features/privacy/html/index.et.html">Digital euro and privacy</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/how-it-works/html/index.et.html">Kuidas digitaalne euro toimib</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/why-we-need-it/html/index.et.html">Miks on digitaalne euro vajalik?</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/progress/html/index.et.html">Ajakava ja kulg</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/html/index.et.html">Projektist lähemalt</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Projektist lähemalt"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/stakeholder/html/index.et.html">Juhtimine ja sidusrühmade kaasamine</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/profuse/html/index.et.html">Tehniline teave ja uurimistöö</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/timeline/rulebook/html/index.et.html">Projekti reeglistik</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/digital_euro/faqs/html/index.et.html">Korduma kippuvad küsimused</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Sularaha</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/html/index.et.html">Eurosüsteemi sularahastrateegia</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Eurosüsteemi sularahastrateegia"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/cash_role/html/index.et.html">Sularaha roll</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/issuance/html/index.et.html">Emiteerimine ja ringlus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/acceptance-cash/html/index.et.html">Juurdepääs sularahale ja selle aktsepteerimine maksevahendina</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/cash_strategy/faqs/html/index.et.html">Korduma kippuvad küsimused</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/html/index.et.html">Pangatähed</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pangatähed"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/future_banknotes/html/index.et.html">Uued pangatähed</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Uued pangatähed"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/future_banknotes/redesign/html/index.et.html">Kujunduse muutmise protsess</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/html/index.et.html">Praegu ringluses olevad pangatähed</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Praegu ringluses olevad pangatähed"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/denominations/html/index.et.html">Nimiväärtused</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/design/html/index.et.html">Kujunduselemendid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/current/security/html/index.et.html">Turvaelemendid</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/ac/html/index.et.html">Võltsimisvastane tegevus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/production/html/index.et.html">Pangatähtede tootmine ja varud</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/damaged/html/index.et.html">Kahjustatud ja tindiplekkidega pangatähed</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/banknotes/environmental/html/index.et.html">Keskkond, tervishoid ja ohutus</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Keskkond, tervishoid ja ohutus"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/environmental/pef/html/index.et.html">Toote keskkonnajalajälg</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/research/html/index.et.html">Teadus- ja arendustegevus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/images/html/index.et.html">Pangatähtede pildid ja reprodutseerimiseeskirjad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/banknotes/info/html/index.et.html">Teabe- ja koolitusmaterjalid</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/coins/html/index.et.html">Mündid</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Mündid"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/2euro/html/index.et.html">2 €</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/1euro/html/index.et.html">1 €</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/50cents/html/index.et.html">50 senti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/20cents/html/index.et.html">20 senti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/10cents/html/index.et.html">10 senti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/5cents/html/index.et.html">5 senti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/2cents/html/index.et.html">2 senti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/1cent/html/index.et.html">1 sent</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/common/html/index.et.html">Ühine külg</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/comm/html/index.et.html">2-eurosed mälestusmündid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/security/html/index.et.html">Turvaelemendid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/coins/collect/html/index.et.html">Meenemündid</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/changeover/html/index.et.html">Sularahale üleminek</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Sularahale üleminek"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/croatia/html/index.et.html">Horvaatia (2023)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/lithuania/html/index.et.html">Leedu (2015)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/latvia/html/index.et.html">Läti (2014)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/estonia/html/index.et.html">Eesti (2011)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/slovakia/html/index.et.html">Slovakkia (2009)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/cyprus/html/index.et.html">Küpros (2008)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/malta/html/index.et.html">Malta (2008)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/slovenia/html/index.et.html">Sloveenia (2007)</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/changeover/2002/html/index.et.html">Sularahale üleminek 2002. aastal</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/euro/exchange/html/index.et.html">Liikmesriigi vääringu vahetamine euro vastu</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Liikmesriigi vääringu vahetamine euro vastu"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/au/html/index.et.html">Austria</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/be/html/index.et.html">Belgia</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/hr/html/index.et.html">Horvaatia</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/cy/html/index.et.html">Küpros</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/et/html/index.et.html">Eesti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/fi/html/index.et.html">Soome</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/fr/html/index.et.html">Prantsusmaa</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/de/html/index.et.html">Saksamaa</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/gr/html/index.et.html">Kreeka</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/ir/html/index.et.html">Iirimaa</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/it/html/index.et.html">Itaalia</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/lv/html/index.et.html">Läti</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/lt/html/index.et.html">Leedu</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/lu/html/index.et.html">Luksemburg</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/mt/html/index.et.html">Malta</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/nl/html/index.et.html">Madalmaad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/pt/html/index.et.html">Portugal</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/slovakia/html/index.et.html">Slovakkia</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/sl/html/index.et.html">Sloveenia</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/exchange/es/html/index.et.html">Hispaania</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/euro/visually/html/index.et.html">Teave vaegnägijatele</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/pub/html/index.et.html">Uurimistegevus</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Uurimistegevus"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"><div class="item"> <div class="title">Uurimistegevus</div> <p>Põhjalikud uuringud ja ekspertanalüüsid, mis hõlmavad erinevaid teemasid ja valdkondi</p> <a href="/pub/html/index.en.html">EKP uuringute ülevaade</a> <hr> <div class="nav-title">Lingid</div> <ul>  <li><a href="/press/conferences/html/index.en.html">Konverentsid ja seminarid</a></li> <li><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/html/index.en.html">Võimalused majandusuurijatele</a></li> </ul> </div><a href="/press/research-publications/resbull/html/index.en.html" class="item image"> <img src="/pub/html/index/research-bulletin_2560x800.jpg" width="357" height="179" loading="lazy" style="object-fit:cover"> <div class="image-caption">Uuringute bülletäänid</div> </a></div></div><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/economic-research/html/index.et.html">Majandusuuringud</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Majandusuuringud"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/html/index.et.html">Uuringute kava</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Uuringute kava"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/monetary_policy/html/index.et.html">Rahapoliitika, strateegia ja rakendamine</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/fiscal_policy/html/index.et.html">Eelarvepoliitika ja juhtimine majandus- ja rahaliidus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/international/html/index.et.html">Rahvusvaheline makromajandus ja rahandus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/real_sector/html/index.et.html">Reaalsektor ja mikromajanduslik analüüs</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/forecasting/html/index.et.html">Prognoosimine ja majandustsükli analüüs</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/macro-finance/html/index.et.html">Makrotasandi rahandus, süsteemne risk ja makrotasandi usaldatavusjärelevalve poliitika</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/research_agenda/financial_institutions/html/index.et.html">Finantsasutused, mikrotasandi usaldatavusjärelevalve poliitika, finantsturud ja maksed</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/html/index.et.html">Võimalused majandusuurijatele</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Võimalused majandusuurijatele"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/duisenberg/html/index.et.html">Wim Duisenbergi stipendium</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/visitors/html/index.et.html">Korralised külalisteadlased</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/lamfalussy/html/index.et.html">Lamfalussy stipendium</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/graduate/html/index.et.html">Suvine teadusuuringute programm</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/economic-research/programmes/traineeship/html/index.et.html">Üliõpilaste praktikavõimalused</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/legal-research/html/index.et.html">Õigusalased uuringud</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Õigusalased uuringud"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/legal-research/legal-conferences-and-seminars/html/index.et.html">Õigusalased konverentsid ja seminarid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/legal-research/legal-research-programme/html/index.et.html">Õigusuuringute programm</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/pub/research/html/index.et.html">Teadus- ja üldtoimetised</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Teadus- ja üldtoimetised"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/research/authors/html/index.et.html">Autori järgi</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/researchers/html/index.et.html">EKP majandusuurijad</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/pub/research-networks/html/index.et.html">Teadusuuringute võrgustikud</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="has-subpages" aria-expanded="false"><a href="/press/html/index.et.html">Uudised & väljaanded</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Uudised & väljaanded"></a><div class="nav-first-level-wrap -nav-in-first-column"><div class="nav-featured-wrap"><div class="nav-featured"> <div class="item"> <div class="title">Uudised ja väljaanded</div><a href="/press/pubbydate/html/index.en.html">Kõik uudised ja väljaanded</a><hr> </div> </div><ul><li><span>Uudised</span></li><li><a href="/press/pr/html/index.et.html">Pressiteated</a></li><li><a href="/press/stats/html/index.et.html">Statistikateemalised pressiteated</a></li><li><a href="/press/key/html/index.et.html">Kõned</a></li><li><a href="/press/inter/html/index.et.html">Intervjuud</a></li><li><a href="/press/blog/html/index.et.html">EKP blogi</a></li><li><a href="/press/tvservices/html/index.et.html">TV</a></li><li><a href="/press/intro/html/index.et.html">Maksete valdkonna arengud ja sündmused</a></li><li><a href="/press/contacts/html/index.et.html">Kontaktandmed</a></li></ul></div><ul><li class="clearfix"><span>Väljaanded</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/govcdec/html/index.et.html">EKP nõukogu otsused</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for EKP nõukogu otsused"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/govcdec/mopo/html/index.et.html">Rahapoliitilised otsused</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/govcdec/otherdec/html/index.et.html">Muud otsused</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/accounts/html/index.et.html">Rahapoliitikaistungite protokollid</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/economic-bulletin/html/index.et.html">EKP majandusülevaade</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for EKP majandusülevaade"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/economic-bulletin/articles/html/index.et.html">Artiklid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/economic-bulletin/focus/html/index.et.html">Fookus</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/economic-bulletin/mb/html/index.et.html">EKP kuubülletään</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/projections/html/index.et.html">Makromajanduslik ettevaade</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/html/index.et.html">Aasta- ja finantsaruanded</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Aasta- ja finantsaruanded"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/annual/html/index.et.html">Aastaaruanne</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Aastaaruanne"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/annual/annual-accounts/html/index.et.html">Raamatupidamise aastaaruanne</a></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/annual/balance/html/index.et.html">Eurosüsteemi konsolideeritud bilanss</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Eurosüsteemi konsolideeritud bilanss"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/annual/balance/mpo/html/index.et.html">Rahapoliitilised operatsioonid</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/wfs/html/index.et.html">Iganädalased finantsaruanded</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Iganädalased finantsaruanded"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/annual-reports-financial-statements/wfs/dis/html/index.et.html">Struktureeritud andmed</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/financial-stability-publications/html/index.et.html">Finantsstabiilsuse valdkonna väljaanded</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Finantsstabiilsuse valdkonna väljaanded"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/financial-stability-publications/fsr/html/index.et.html">Finantsstabiilsuse ülevaade</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Finantsstabiilsuse ülevaade"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/financial-stability-publications/fsr/special/html/index.et.html">Teemakäsitlused</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/financial-stability-publications/macroprudential-bulletin/html/index.et.html">EKP makrotasandi usaldatavusjärelevalve ülevaade</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/research-publications/html/index.et.html">Väljaanded</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Väljaanded"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/research-publications/resbull/html/index.et.html">Uuringute bülletään</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/research-publications/working-papers/html/index.et.html">Toimetised</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/research-publications/discussion-papers/html/index.et.html">Aruteludokumendid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/research-publications/occasional-papers/html/index.et.html">Üldtoimetised</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/research-publications/legal-working-papers/html/index.et.html">Õigusalased teadustoimetised</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/research-publications/statistics-papers/html/index.et.html">Statistikatoimetised</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/other-publications/html/index.et.html">Muud väljaanded</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Muud väljaanded"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/other-publications/mep-letters/html/index.et.html">Kirjad Euroopa Parlamendi liikmetele</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/other-publications/convergence/html/index.et.html">Lähenemisaruanne</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/other-publications/ire/html/index.et.html">Euro rahvusvaheline roll</a></li></ul></li><li class="clearfix"><span>Sündmused ja ajakavad</span></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/press_conference/html/index.et.html">Pressikonverents</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Pressikonverents"></a><ul><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/press_conference/monetary-policy-statement/html/index.et.html">Pressikonverentsid</a></li><li class="clearfix"><a href="/press/press_conference/visual-mps/html/index.et.html">Rahapoliitikaotsuste ülevaated</a></li></ul></li><li class="has-subpages"><a href="/press/conferences/html/index.et.html">Konverentsid ja seminarid</a><a href="#" class="subpages" title="toggle subpages for Konverentsid ja seminarid"></a><ul><li class="has-subpages"><a 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need to ensure that you can be reached via the telephone numbers and e-mail address provided in your application.</p> </div> <div class="section -right"> <h2>Step 2: Pre-screening stage</h2><p> After an initial review of your application, we may ask you to complete one or more assessment exercises. This helps us to better identify the most suitable candidates to be invited to the next stages of the process. Some examples of the types of assessment we use are: </p><h3>Psychometric tests</h3><p>Psychometric tests are administered online and assess cognitive abilities and behavioural style. The tests are in English. You can choose when to do each exercise and you may spread them out over several days, as long as they are all completed by the deadline.</p><h3>Pre-recorded video interviews</h3><p>The video interview gives you the opportunity to bring your application alive and helps us to get to know you better as a person.</p><p>During your interview you will be presented with a series of questions, which you should answer in the order they are given. For each question, you will have a predefined preparation time and a maximum answer time, during which the answer is recorded. </p><h3>Remote written exercise</h3><p>We will inform you in advance of the start time and length of the exercise. We will send you the questions via email at the stated time and you must respond within the set time, typically one hour. </p><p>For leadership roles, our external <a href="#leadershiproles">assessment of leadership competencies</a> may be taken into account at the pre-screening stage.</p><p>The various assessment exercises are designed to help us assess one or more aspects relevant for the position that you are applying for.</p><p>Your application form and the results of the assessment exercises will form the basis of our decision on whether to invite you to interview. </p><p> Interviews will take place at the ECB in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, or by phone/video conference. We will give you a minimum of five days’ notice and we request that you respond to our invitations within 48 hours.</p> </div> <div class="section"> <h2>Step 3: Interview stage</h2><h3>Standard assessment tools</h3><p>If you are invited for an interview, we will let you know what to expect during the recruitment process. We may use a number of the following assessment methods:</p><ul> <li>written exercises (mostly run on standard, office-based software packages)</li> <li>a presentation by the candidate (prepared either prior to or on the interview day)</li> <li>an interview with the selection committee (we will ask you about your knowledge, experience and opinions, as well as about how you have dealt with situations in the past and how you would handle specific scenarios)</li> <li>additional interviews (e.g. technical, peer-to-peer interviews, interviews with senior/local managers)</li> </ul><h3>Our interview method in more detail</h3><p>A competency-based interview is one of the recruitment assessment tools used by the ECB. It may take place via telephone, by video conference or in person.</p><p>During the interview, we aim to learn more about your skills, experience and behavioural competencies that are directly related to your likely success in the job.</p><p>Competency-based interviews provide us with specific examples of past performance which are regarded as a better predictor of future performance than theoretical questions. Examples of such competency-based questions are:</p><ul> <li>When was the last time you used your problem-solving skills to resolve an issue?</li> <li>Tell us about an occasion when you were faced with a number of demands simultaneously without enough time to deal with them all.</li> </ul><h3>Preparing for the interview</h3><p>One of the best ways you can prepare for your interview is to analyse your performance in your current and past roles in the light of the competencies outlined in the job description. Take some time to think of examples from your previous work that are relevant and that provide evidence of your strengths and abilities.</p><p>You will find it easier to answer the interview questions and illustrate your strengths and experience if you have reflected on how you have performed in the past.</p><p>You may find it useful to ask yourself: </p><ul> <li>what were the challenges involved in a particular experience?</li> <li>how did I address those challenges?</li> <li>what was the result of my actions and decisions?</li> <li>if I were faced with the same challenge again, what would I do differently?</li> </ul><p>Familiarise yourself with the ECB and its main tasks and objectives, and think about how you could contribute to the work of the ECB and what you could bring to the specific job you are applying for. Have a look at our <a href="/careers/pdf/leadership_competencies.en.pdf" data-label="inglise keel">capability framework</a> and find out as much as you can about the business area you are applying to work in.<br></p><p>Towards the end of the interview you will be given the opportunity to ask questions. We encourage you to refrain from asking for information that is readily available elsewhere e.g. online.</p><h3>Interview expenses</h3><p>If you travel to Frankfurt for an interview, we will reimburse you for your expenses according to our interview travel expenses guidelines.</p> <a href="/careers/pdf/Guidelines_reimbursement_interview_travel_expenses.pdf??5a2470b24299d583514b018e4d8e8886">Interview travel expenses guidelines</a> <h3 id="leadershiproles">For leadership roles only</h3> <p>Your leadership competencies will be assessed by an external provider, and the assessment will take place either virtually or face-to-face at their offices in Frankfurt and, if applicable, during the panel interview at the ECB. The assessment is designed to provide an insight into your strengths and development needs. It consists of three main components:</p> <ol> <li>an online personality assessment – two questionnaires;</li> <li>a holistic interview;</li> <li>a business thinking exercise;</li> </ol> </div> <div class="section -right"> <h3>Online assessment: personality assessment</h3><p>You will be invited to participate in the assessment process and receive an invitation to complete online psychometrics, which will take roughly one hour to do. The purpose of the online psychometrics is to provide insight into underlying personality factors. You will also complete two online personality measurements in advance of the assessment session, in your own time.</p><h3>Virtual/face-to-face assessment: holistic interview, business thinking exercise, feedback and debrief</h3><p>You will then be invited to take part in a virtual or face-to-face four-hour assessment with an external provider, which will be organised as follows.</p><ol> <li>Introduction: An overview of the session and the opportunity to meet and ask questions to the assessors.</li> <li>Holistic interview: One-to-one biographical interview to understand your experience, motivation, work approach and aspects of your leadership style and capability.</li> <li>Business thinking exercise: A thinking exercise to understand the way you think about work and a number of key leadership areas that are relevant to the role applied for.</li> <li>Wrap-up: A feedback discussion based on the online psychometrics completed. </li> </ol><h3> Preparing for the leadership assessment</h3><p>The online psychometrics do not require any preparation. They are neither a technical assessment nor a university-style exam; they are simply a way to gain additional insight into the personality factors that are likely to help you to be successful as a leader. You just need to express your preferences from a series of options.</p><p>No specific preparation is required for the face-to-face/virtual assessment session. If you are scheduled for a face-to-face assessment, we ask that you arrive at the location on time for the session, as there are a number of activities that you will be completing.</p><h3>Leadership assessment outcome</h3><p>The assessors will use all of the elements described above to provide the ECB selection committee with an assessment of your leadership skills in the form of a report. The report forms part of the selection committee’s deliberations.</p><p>We encourage you to participate in a feedback call with the assessor and kindly ask you to inform us accordingly. You will receive a copy of your report prior to the call. The report provides you with individualised insights based on the assessment process and will give you an opportunity to learn from the process: for example strengths you want to build on or areas in which you could further develop. As part of the feedback call you will go through your individual report with the assessor, to explore key insights and themes that emerged from the assessment process. This will also be an opportunity to ask any questions you have on your report.</p><h2 id="outcome"> Step 4: Outcome </h2><p>If you are successful, the recruiting manager will call to inform you of our intention to offer you the position and to provide feedback on how we assessed your performance throughout the interview process.</p><p>If you are unsuccessful after interview, you will be informed either via email or via a phone call from the recruiting manager, who will also be in a position to provide you with feedback upon request.</p><p>The selection committee may place suitable candidates on a reserve list, from which candidates may be appointed to similar positions within 24 months of the selection decision.</p><p>You may also ask to receive the feedback in writing by sending an email to our Recruitment Team within two months of being notified of the outcome. Please provide your name and the vacancy number, and send your request from the email address given in your application form.</p><h3>Complaints about the outcome</h3><p>In the event that you wish to formally challenge the decision of the selection committee, you should follow the procedures indicated in Articles 41 and 42 of the Conditions of Employment for Staff of the European Central Bank or Articles 32 and 33 of the Conditions of Short-Term Employment.</p><p>This involves requesting an administrative review of the decision within two months of the date on which it was communicated to you. The request should be sent to the Director General Human Resources via <a href="mailto:DG-HRInternalAppeals@ecb.europa.eu">email</a>. If you still wish to appeal the decision after you have submitted a request for administrative review and have made full use of the ECB’s internal appeal procedures, you can make a complaint to the European Ombudsman. 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