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id="toc-Maryland's_first_colonial_settlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maryland's_first_colonial_settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.1 Maryland's first colonial settlement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maryland's_first_colonial_settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecution_of_Catholics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecution_of_Catholics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.2 Persecution of Catholics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecution_of_Catholics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Border_disputes_(1681–1760)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Border_disputes_(1681–1760)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Border disputes (1681–1760) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Border_disputes_(1681–1760)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 18th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 19th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Civil_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.1 Civil War </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Civil_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Civil_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.2 Post-Civil War </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Civil_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Description </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Geology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Flora </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Fauna </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cities_and_metro_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities_and_metro_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Cities and metro areas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities_and_metro_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Birth_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birth_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Birth data </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birth_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language_and_ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language_and_ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Language and ancestry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language_and_ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 LGBT population </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Port_of_Baltimore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Port_of_Baltimore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Port of Baltimore </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Port_of_Baltimore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Fishing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Agriculture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biotechnology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biotechnology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Biotechnology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biotechnology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Transportation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transportation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Roads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Airports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Rail </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Law and government </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Law_and_government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Law and government subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Law_and_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taxation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Taxation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Primary and secondary education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Colleges and universities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Public libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friendship_partners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friendship_partners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Friendship partners </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friendship_partners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Maryland</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 188 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-188" aria-hidden="true" > 188 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9C%E1%88%AA%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="ሜሪላንድ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሜሪላንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marianland" title="Marianland – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Marianland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ماريلند – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماريلند" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A0%DC%90%DC%A2%DC%95" title="ܡܐܪܝܠܐܢܕ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܐܪܝܠܐܢܕ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_suyu" title="Maryland suyu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Maryland suyu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merilend" title="Merilend – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Merilend" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="مریلند – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مریلند" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="মেরিল্যান্ড – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেরিল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэрыленд – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мэрыленд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэрылэнд – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэрылэнд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="मैरीलैंड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मैरीलैंड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мериленд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мериленд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BC%8D" title="མ་རིས་ལེན་ཌ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མ་རིས་ལེན་ཌ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_(estado)" title="Maryland (estado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Maryland (estado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ميريلاند – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ميريلاند" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3bin%C3%ADdahaazy%C3%ADn%C3%AD_Hahoodzo" title="Tóbinídahaazyíní Hahoodzo – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tóbinídahaazyíní Hahoodzo" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Μέριλαντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μέριλαντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilando" title="Marilando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marilando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="مریلند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مریلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryl%C3%A2n" title="Marylân – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Marylân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3" title="𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%A6%B4%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%A3%BC" title="메릴랜드주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메릴랜드주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melelana" title="Melelana – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Melelana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Մերիլենդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մերիլենդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="मैरिलैण्ड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मैरिलैण्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9r%C3%ADl%E1%BA%A1nd" title="Mérílạnd – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mérílạnd" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="মেরিল্যান্ড – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মেরিল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilaan" title="Marilaan – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Marilaan" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMarilandi" title="IMarilandi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IMarilandi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="מרילנד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרילנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariland%C9%A9" title="Marilandɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Marilandɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ಮೇರಿಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೇರಿಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="მერილენდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მერილენდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%90%D9%84%D9%8E%D9%86%DA%88" title="میرِلَنڈ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="میرِلَنڈ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tir_Maria" title="Tir Maria – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tir Maria" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merilann" title="Merilann – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Merilann" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Мэриленд (штат) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мэриленд (штат)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Mariae" title="Terra Mariae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Terra Mariae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%93rilenda" title="Mērilenda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mērilenda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merilandas" title="Merilandas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Merilandas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="मेरिल्याण्ड – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मेरिल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мериленд – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мериленд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="മേരിലാൻ‌ഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മേരിലാൻ‌ഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mererana" title="Mererana – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Mererana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1" title="मेरीलँड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मेरीलँड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="მერილენდი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მერილენდი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ماريلاند – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماريلاند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="مریلند – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مریلند" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%97" title="ꯃꯦꯔꯤꯂꯦꯟ꯭ꯗ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯦꯔꯤꯂꯦꯟ꯭ꯗ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэрилэнд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мэрилэнд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="မေရီလန်းပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မေရီလန်းပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="मेरिल्यान्ड – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मेरिल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="मेरिल्यान्द – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मेरिल्यान्द" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E5%B7%9E" title="メリーランド州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メリーランド州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਮੈਰੀਲੈਂਡ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੈਰੀਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="मेरील्यान्ड – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="मेरील्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="میریلینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میریلینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%DA%89" title="مریلنډ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مریلنډ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merilend" title="Merilend – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Merilend" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_suyu" title="Maryland suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Maryland suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэрилэнд – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мэрилэнд" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilani" title="Marilani – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Marilani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="मेरिलैण्ड – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मेरिलैण्ड" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meril%C3%ABnd" title="Merilënd – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Merilënd" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%8A" title="ميري لينڊ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ميري لينڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF" title="مێریلەند – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مێریلەند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мериленд – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мериленд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="மேரிலாந்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேரிலாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="รัฐแมริแลนด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐแมริแลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мэриленд – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мэриленд" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Меріленд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Меріленд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="میری لینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میری لینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_Shitati" title="Maryland Shitati – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Maryland Shitati" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%B7%9E" title="馬里蘭州 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="馬里蘭州" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E" title="马里兰州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马里兰州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="מערילאנד – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מערילאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E8%98%AD%E5%B7%9E" title="馬利蘭州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬利蘭州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merilands" title="Merilands – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Merilands" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E" title="马里兰州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马里兰州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilan" title="Marilan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Marilan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Maryland" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merilend" title="Merilend – Talysh" lang="tly" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Maryland&params=39_N_77_W_dim:300000_region:US-MD_type:adm1st&title=State+of+Maryland">39°N 77°W / 39°N 77°W / 39; -77 (State of Maryland)</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. state</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the U.S. state. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Maryland_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Maryland (disambiguation)">Maryland (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in the United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement 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.infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Maryland</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Maryland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Maryland"><img alt="Flag of Maryland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/125px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/188px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/250px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Maryland" title="Flag of Maryland">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Maryland_(reverse).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Maryland"><img alt="Official seal of Maryland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/100px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/150px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/200px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Maryland" title="Seal of Maryland">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_nicknames" title="List of U.S. state and territory nicknames">Nicknames</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">"<a href="/wiki/Maryland_400" title="Maryland 400">Old Line State</a>", "Free State", "Little America",<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> "America in Miniature"<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_mottos" title="List of U.S. state and territory mottos">Mottoes</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Maryland" title="Seal of Maryland">"Fatti maschii, parole femine"</a> (English: "Strong Deeds, Gentle Words")<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li><li>The Latin text encircling the seal: Scuto bonæ voluntatis tuæ coronasti nos ("With Favor Wilt Thou Compass Us as with a Shield") Psalm 5:12<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Maryland_in_United_States_(zoom).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the United States with Maryland highlighted"><img alt="Map of the United States with Maryland highlighted" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maryland_in_United_States_%28zoom%29.svg/300px-Maryland_in_United_States_%28zoom%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maryland_in_United_States_%28zoom%29.svg/450px-Maryland_in_United_States_%28zoom%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maryland_in_United_States_%28zoom%29.svg/600px-Maryland_in_United_States_%28zoom%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Map of the United States with Maryland highlighted</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Before statehood</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maryland" title="Province of Maryland">Province of Maryland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">Admitted to the Union</a></th><td class="infobox-data">April 28, 1788 (7th)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of largest cities of U.S. states and territories by population">Largest city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_populous_counties_by_U.S._state" title="List of the most populous counties by U.S. state">Largest county or equivalent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Statistical_area_(United_States)" title="Statistical area (United States)">Largest metro</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">urban</a> areas</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington–Baltimore metropolitan area">Washington–Baltimore</a> (combined)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">Baltimore</a> (metro and urban)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Maryland" title="Governor of Maryland">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wes_Moore" title="Wes Moore">Wes Moore</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Maryland" title="Lieutenant Governor of Maryland">Lieutenant governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Miller" title="Aruna Miller">Aruna Miller</a> (D)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_General_Assembly" title="Maryland General Assembly">General Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">Senate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">House of Delegates</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Maryland" title="Supreme Court of Maryland">Supreme Court of Maryland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin">Ben Cardin</a> (D)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">U.S. House delegation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>7 Democrats</li><li>1 <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></li></ul></div> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Maryland" title="United States congressional delegations from Maryland">list</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">12,407 sq mi (32,133 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">9,776 sq mi (25,314 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">2,633 sq mi (6,819 km2)  21%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">42nd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Dimensions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Length</th><td class="infobox-data">250 mi (400 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Width</th><td class="infobox-data">100 mi (200 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">350 ft (110 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Hoye-Crest" title="Hoye-Crest">Hoye-Crest</a><a href="#cite_note-USGS-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-6">[a]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,360 ft (1,024 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a><a href="#cite_note-USGS-5">[5]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0 ft (0 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts_2020_Census-7">[6]</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,177,224</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">19th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">632/sq mi (244/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_population_density" title="List of states and territories of the United States by population density">5th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Median household income</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$87,063</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Income rank<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_income#States_and_territories_ranked_by_median_household_income" title="List of U.S. states and territories by income">1st</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Marylander</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Official language</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None (English, de facto)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9204:00" title="UTC−04:00">UTC−04:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">USPS abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">MD</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:US" title="ISO 3166-2:US">US-MD</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">Traditional abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Md.</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Latitude</th><td class="infobox-data">37° 53′ N to 39° 43′ N</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Longitude</th><td class="infobox-data">75° 03′ W to 79° 29′ W</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maryland.gov">maryland.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style><table class="infobox ib-region-symbols"><caption class="infobox-title">State symbols of Maryland</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:85%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maryland_state_symbols" title="List of Maryland state symbols">List of state symbols</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Maryland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/175px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/263px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/350px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Maryland" title="Flag of Maryland">Flag of Maryland</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Maryland_(reverse).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/150px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/225px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/300px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Maryland" title="Seal of Maryland">Seal of Maryland</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg/225px-Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="555" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Maryland">Coat of arms of Maryland</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">Song</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None. Formerly: "<a href="/wiki/Maryland,_My_Maryland" title="Maryland, My Maryland">Maryland, My Maryland</a>" by <a href="/wiki/James_Ryder_Randall" title="James Ryder Randall">James Ryder Randall</a> (1861), (adopted 1939, repealed 2021)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Living insignia</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds" title="List of U.S. state birds">Bird</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_oriole" title="Baltimore oriole">Baltimore oriole</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_mammals" title="List of U.S. state mammals">Cat breed</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Calico_cat" title="Calico cat">Calico cat</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_crustaceans" title="List of U.S. state crustaceans">Crustacean</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Callinectes_sapidus" title="Callinectes sapidus">Blue crab</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_dogs" title="List of U.S. state dogs">Dog breed</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Retriever" title="Chesapeake Bay Retriever">Chesapeake Bay Retriever</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fish" title="List of U.S. state fish">Fish</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Striped_bass" title="Striped bass">Rock fish</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_flowers" title="List of U.S. state and territory flowers">Flower</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rudbeckia_hirta" title="Rudbeckia hirta">Black-eyed Susan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_mammals" title="List of U.S. state mammals">Horse breed</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred" title="Thoroughbred">Thoroughbred</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">Insect</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_checkerspot_butterfly" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore checkerspot butterfly">Baltimore checkerspot butterfly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_reptiles" title="List of U.S. state reptiles">Reptile</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diamondback_terrapin" title="Diamondback terrapin">Diamondback terrapin</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_trees" title="List of U.S. state and territory trees">Tree</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quercus_alba" title="Quercus alba">White oak</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Inanimate insignia</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_beverages" title="List of U.S. state beverages">Beverage</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_dances" title="List of U.S. state dances">Dance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Square_dance" title="Square dance">Square dance</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_dinosaurs" title="List of U.S. state dinosaurs">Dinosaur</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Astrodon_johnstoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrodon johnstoni">Astrodon johnstoni</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_foods" title="List of U.S. state foods">Food</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Smith_Island_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Smith Island cake">Smith Island cake</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fossils" title="List of U.S. state fossils">Fossil</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ecphora_gardnerae_gardnerae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecphora gardnerae gardnerae">Ecphora gardnerae gardnerae</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Gemstone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Patuxent_River_stone" title="Patuxent River stone">Patuxent River stone</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_ships" title="List of U.S. state ships">Ship</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">Skipjack</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_sports" title="List of U.S. state sports">Sport</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jousting" title="Jousting">Jousting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">Lacrosse</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States#State_highways" title="Numbered highways in the United States">State route marker</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:MD_Route_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Route marker"><img alt="Route marker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/MD_Route_2.svg/85px-MD_Route_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/MD_Route_2.svg/128px-MD_Route_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/MD_Route_2.svg/170px-MD_Route_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2400" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/50_State_quarters" title="50 State quarters">State quarter</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:2000_MD_Proof.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Maryland quarter dollar coin"><img alt="Maryland quarter dollar coin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/2000_MD_Proof.png/86px-2000_MD_Proof.png" decoding="async" width="86" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/2000_MD_Proof.png/130px-2000_MD_Proof.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/2000_MD_Proof.png/172px-2000_MD_Proof.png 2x" data-file-width="1086" data-file-height="1072" /></a><div>Released in 2000</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_state_symbols" title="Lists of United States state symbols">Lists of United States state symbols</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Maryland (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈmɛrɪlənd/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1f\/En-us-Maryland.ogg\/En-us-Maryland.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Maryland.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/En-us-Maryland.ogg/En-us-Maryland.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Maryland.ogg" title="File:En-us-Maryland.ogg">ⓘ</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">MERR-il-ənd</a>)<a href="#cite_note-9">[b]</a> is a <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a> region of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[9]</a> It borders <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> to its south, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> to its west, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> to its north, <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> to its east, and the national capital of <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> to the southwest. With a total area of 12,407 square miles (32,130 km2), Maryland is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">ninth-smallest state by land area</a>,<a href="#cite_note-12">[10]</a> and its population of 6,177,224 ranks it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">19th-most populous state</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_population_density" title="List of states and territories of the United States by population density">fifth-most densely populated</a>. Maryland's capital is <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a>, and the most populous city is <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BaltBrit-13">[11]</a> Maryland's coastline was first explored by Europeans in the 16th century. Prior to that, it was inhabited by several <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> tribes, mostly the <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_peoples" title="Algonquian peoples">Algonquian peoples</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[12]</a> As one of the original <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a>, Maryland was founded by <a href="/wiki/George_Calvert" class="mw-redirect" title="George Calvert">George Calvert</a>, 1st Baron Baltimore, a <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Catholic Church in England and Wales">Catholic</a> convert<a href="#cite_note-Cecilius_Calvert_2010-15">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[14]</a> who sought to provide a religious haven for Catholics persecuted in England.<a href="#cite_note-:1-17">[15]</a> In 1632, <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I of England</a> granted Lord Baltimore a <a href="/wiki/Colonial_charter" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial charter">colonial charter</a>, naming the colony after his wife, <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-18">[16]</a> In 1649, the Maryland General Assembly passed an <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Toleration_Act" title="Maryland Toleration Act">Act Concerning Religion</a>, which enshrined the principle of <a href="/wiki/Toleration" title="Toleration">toleration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[17]</a> Religious strife was common in Maryland's early years, and Catholics remained a minority, albeit in greater numbers than in any other English colony. Maryland's early settlements and population centers clustered around waterways that empty into the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>. Its economy was heavily <a href="/wiki/Plantation_economy" title="Plantation economy">plantation-based</a> and centered mostly on the cultivation of <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>. Demand for cheap labor from Maryland colonists led to the importation of numerous <a href="/wiki/Indentured_servitude_in_British_America" title="Indentured servitude in British America">indentured servants</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_Maryland" title="History of slavery in Maryland">enslaved Africans</a>. In 1760, Maryland's current boundaries took form following the <a href="/wiki/Mason%E2%80%93Dixon_line" title="Mason–Dixon line">settlement</a> of a long-running border dispute with Pennsylvania. Many of its citizens played <a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Maryland in the American Revolution">key political and military roles</a> in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>. Although it was a <a href="/wiki/Slave_states_and_free_states" title="Slave states and free states">slave state</a>, Maryland <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">remained in the Union</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, and its proximity to Washington D.C. and Virginia made it <a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Maryland in the American Civil War">a significant strategic location</a>. After the Civil War ended, Maryland took part in the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_the_United_States" title="Industrial Revolution in the United States">Industrial Revolution</a>, driven by its seaports, railroad networks, and mass immigration from Europe. Since the 1940s, the state's population has grown rapidly, to approximately six million residents, and it is among the most densely populated U.S. states. As of 2015<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit">[update]</a>, Maryland had the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_income" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by income">highest median household income</a> of any state, owing in large part to its proximity to Washington, D.C., and a highly diversified economy spanning manufacturing, retail services, public administration, real estate, higher education, information technology, defense contracting, health care, and biotechnology.<a href="#cite_note-20">[18]</a> Maryland is one of the most multicultural states in the country; it is one of the six states where <a href="/wiki/Majority_minority_in_the_United_States" title="Majority minority in the United States">non-Whites compose a majority of the population</a>, with the fifth-highest percentage of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a>, and high numbers of residents born in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>. The state's central role in U.S. history is reflected by its hosting of some of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._National_Historic_Landmarks_by_state" title="List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state">highest numbers of historic landmarks</a> per capita. The <a href="/wiki/Western_Maryland" title="Western Maryland">western</a> portion of the state contains stretches of the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">central portion</a> is primarily composed of the <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_(United_States)" title="Piedmont (United States)">Piedmont</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">eastern side of the state</a> makes up a significant portion of <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>. Sixteen of Maryland's twenty-three counties, and the city of Baltimore, border the tidal waters of the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay estuary</a> and its many tributaries,<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-BaltBrit-13">[11]</a> which combined total more than 4,000 miles of shoreline. Although one of the smallest states in the U.S., it features a variety of climates and topographical features that have earned it the moniker of America in Miniature.<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a> In a similar vein, Maryland's geography, culture, and history combine elements of the Mid-Atlantic, <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a> regions of the country. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Maryland" title="History of Maryland">History of Maryland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Native_American_tribes_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American tribes in Maryland">Native American tribes in Maryland</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_century">17th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 17th century">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maryland's_first_colonial_settlement">Maryland's first colonial settlement</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Maryland's first colonial settlement">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maryland" title="Province of Maryland">Province of Maryland</a></div> What is now Maryland was originally inhabited by tribes such as the <a href="/wiki/Piscataway_people" title="Piscataway people">Piscataway</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Patuxent_people" title="Patuxent people">Patuxent</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Nanticoke_people" title="Nanticoke people">Nanticoke</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Tockwogh" title="Tockwogh">Tocwogh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ozinie" title="Ozinie">Ozinie</a> and other subdivisions), the <a href="/wiki/Powhatan" title="Powhatan">Powhatan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lenape" title="Lenape">Lenape</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Susquehannock" title="Susquehannock">Susquehannock</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Shawnee" title="Shawnee">Shawnee</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tutelo" title="Tutelo">Tutelo</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Saponi" title="Saponi">Saponi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pocomoke_people" title="Pocomoke people">Pocomoke</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Massawomeck_people" title="Massawomeck people">Massawomeck</a>.<a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source?</a>] <a href="/wiki/George_Calvert,_1st_Lord_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore">George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore</a> (1579–1632), sought a charter from King <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> for the territory between <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> to the immediate south.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart_1967_42–43-24">[22]</a> After Baltimore died in April 1632, the charter was granted to his son, <a href="/wiki/Cecilius_Calvert,_2nd_Baron_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore">Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore</a> (1605–1675), on June 20, 1632. Officially, the new "Maryland Colony" was named in honor of <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria of France</a>, wife of Charles I.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarsh20115-25">[23]</a> Lord Baltimore initially proposed the name "Crescentia", the land of growth or increase, but "the King proposed Terra Mariae [Mary Land], which was concluded on and inserted in the bill."<a href="#cite_note-:1-17">[15]</a> The original capital of Maryland was <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_City,_Maryland" title="St. Mary's City, Maryland">St. Mary's City</a>, on the north shore of the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a>, and the county surrounding it, the first erected/created in the province,<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> was first called Augusta Carolina, after the King, and later named St. Mary's County.<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> Lord Baltimore's first settlers arrived in the new colony in March 1634, with his younger brother the Honorable <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Calvert" title="Leonard Calvert">Leonard Calvert</a> (1606–1647), as first provincial <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Maryland" title="Governor of Maryland">Governor of Maryland</a>. They made their first permanent settlement at <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_City,_Maryland" title="St. Mary's City, Maryland">St. Mary's City</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_County,_Maryland" title="St. Mary's County, Maryland">St. Mary's County</a>. They purchased the site from the <a href="/wiki/Paramount_chief" title="Paramount chief">paramount chief</a> of the region, who was eager to establish trade. St. Mary's became the first <a href="/wiki/State_capital" class="mw-redirect" title="State capital">capital</a> of Maryland, and remained so for 60 years until 1695. More settlers soon followed. Their tobacco crops were successful and quickly made the new colony profitable. However, given the incidence of <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yellow_fever" title="Yellow fever">yellow fever</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Typhoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Typhoid">typhoid</a>, life expectancy in Maryland was about 10 years less than in <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>.<a href="#cite_note-iha-28">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Persecution_of_Catholics">Persecution of Catholics</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Persecution of Catholics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Plundering_Time" title="Plundering Time">Plundering Time</a></div> Maryland was founded to provide a haven for England's <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> minority.<a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-29">[27]</a> Although Maryland was the most heavily Catholic of the English mainland colonies, the religion was still in the minority, consisting of less than 10% of the total population.<a href="#cite_note-:0-30">[28]</a> In 1642, a number of <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> left <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> for Maryland and founded the city of Providence, now called <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a>, on the western shore of the upper <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a> A dispute with traders from Virginia over <a href="/wiki/Kent_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent Island">Kent Island</a> in the Chesapeake led to armed conflict. In 1644, <a href="/wiki/William_Claiborne" title="William Claiborne">William Claiborne</a>, a Puritan, seized Kent Island while his associate, the <a href="/wiki/Roundheads" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundheads">pro-Parliament</a> Puritan <a href="/wiki/Richard_Ingle" title="Richard Ingle">Richard Ingle</a>, took over St. Mary's.<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a> Both used religion as a tool to gain popular support. The two years from 1644 to 1646 when Claiborne and his Puritan associates held sway were known as "The Plundering Time". They captured Jesuit priests, imprisoned them, then sent them back to England. In 1646, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Calvert" title="Leonard Calvert">Leonard Calvert</a> returned with troops, recaptured St. Mary's City, and restored order. The House of Delegates passed the "Act concerning Religion" in 1649 granting religious liberty to all <a href="/wiki/Trinitarianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinitarianism">Trinitarian</a> Christians.<a href="#cite_note-iha-28">[26]</a> In 1650, the Puritans revolted against the proprietary government. "Protestants swept the Catholics out of the legislature ... and religious strife returned."<a href="#cite_note-iha-28">[26]</a> The Puritans set up a new government prohibiting both <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholicism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Anglicanism</a>. The Puritan revolutionary government persecuted Maryland Catholics during its reign, known as the "plundering time". Mobs burned down all the original Catholic churches of southern Maryland. The Puritan rule lasted until 1658 when the Calvert family and Lord Baltimore regained proprietary control and re-enacted the Toleration Act. After England's <a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution" title="Glorious Revolution">Glorious Revolution</a> in 1688, Maryland outlawed Catholicism. In 1704, the Maryland General Assembly prohibited Catholics from operating schools, limited the corporate ownership of property to hamper religious orders from expanding or supporting themselves, and encouraged the conversion of Catholic children.<a href="#cite_note-:0-30">[28]</a> The celebration of the Catholic sacraments was also officially restricted. This state of affairs lasted until after the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> (1775–1783). Wealthy Catholic planters built chapels on their land to practice their religion in relative secrecy. Into the 18th century, individual priests and lay leaders claimed Maryland farms belonging to the Jesuits as personal property and <a href="/wiki/Bequest" class="mw-redirect" title="Bequest">bequeathed</a> them in order to evade the legal restrictions on religious organizations' owning property.<a href="#cite_note-:0-30">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Border_disputes_(1681–1760)">Border disputes (1681–1760)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Border disputes (1681–1760)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Penn%E2%80%93Calvert_Boundary_Dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="Penn–Calvert Boundary Dispute">Penn–Calvert Boundary Dispute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cresap%27s_War" title="Cresap's War">Cresap's War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg/220px-1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="357" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg/330px-1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg/440px-1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2440" data-file-height="3964" /></a><figcaption>A 1732 map of Maryland<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a></figcaption></figure> The royal charter granted Maryland the land north of the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a> up to the <a href="/wiki/40th_parallel_north" title="40th parallel north">40th parallel</a>. A problem arose when <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a> granted a charter for <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. The grant defined Pennsylvania's southern border as identical to Maryland's northern border, the 40th parallel. But the grant indicated that Charles II and <a href="/wiki/William_Penn" title="William Penn">William Penn</a> assumed the 40th parallel would pass close to <a href="/wiki/New_Castle,_Delaware" title="New Castle, Delaware">New Castle, Delaware</a> when it falls north of <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, the site of which Penn had already selected for his colony's capital city. Negotiations ensued after the problem was discovered in 1681. A compromise proposed by Charles II in 1682 was undermined by Penn's receiving the additional grant of what is now Delaware.<a href="#cite_note-hubbard-34">[32]</a> Penn successfully argued that the Maryland charter entitled Lord Baltimore only to unsettled lands, and Dutch settlement in Delaware predated his charter. The dispute remained unresolved for nearly a century, carried on by the descendants of William Penn and Lord Baltimore—the <a href="/wiki/Baron_Baltimore" title="Baron Baltimore">Calvert family</a>, which controlled Maryland, and the <a href="/wiki/William_Penn" title="William Penn">Penn family</a>, which controlled Pennsylvania.<a href="#cite_note-hubbard-34">[32]</a> The border dispute with Pennsylvania led to Cresap's War in the 1730s. Hostilities erupted in 1730 and escalated through the first half of the decade, culminating in the deployment of military forces by Maryland in 1736 and by Pennsylvania in 1737. The armed phase of the conflict ended in May 1738 with the intervention of King George II, who compelled the negotiation of a cease-fire. A provisional agreement had been established in 1732.<a href="#cite_note-hubbard-34">[32]</a> Negotiations continued until a final agreement was signed in 1760. The agreement defined the border between Maryland and Pennsylvania as the line of latitude now known as the <a href="/wiki/Mason%E2%80%93Dixon_line" title="Mason–Dixon line">Mason–Dixon line</a>. Maryland's border with Delaware was based on a <a href="/wiki/Transpeninsular_Line" title="Transpeninsular Line">Transpeninsular Line</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Twelve-Mile_Circle" title="Twelve-Mile Circle">Twelve-Mile Circle</a> around New Castle.<a href="#cite_note-hubbard-34">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 18th century">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Maryland in the American Revolution">Maryland in the American Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">United States Declaration of Independence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_campaign" title="Philadelphia campaign">Philadelphia campaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation#Ratification" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation § Ratification</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris (1783)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon_Conference" title="Mount Vernon Conference">Mount Vernon Conference</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Convention_(1786)" title="Annapolis Convention (1786)">Annapolis Convention (1786)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Constitutional Convention (United States)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Admission_to_the_Union" title="Admission to the Union">Admission to the Union</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union</a></div> Most of the English colonists arrived in Maryland as <a href="/wiki/Indentured_servant" class="mw-redirect" title="Indentured servant">indentured servants</a>, and had to serve a several years' term as laborers to pay for their passage.<a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a> In the early years, the line between indentured servants and African slaves or laborers was fluid, and white and black laborers commonly lived and worked together, and formed unions. <a href="/wiki/Mixed-race" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed-race">Mixed-race</a> children born to white mothers were considered free by the principle of <a href="/wiki/Partus_sequitur_ventrem" title="Partus sequitur ventrem">partus sequitur ventrem</a>, by which children took the social status of their mothers, a principle of slave law that was adopted throughout the colonies, following Virginia in 1662. Many of the free black families migrated to Delaware, where land was cheaper.<a href="#cite_note-Heinegg-36">[34]</a> As the flow of indentured laborers to the colony decreased with improving economic conditions in England, planters in Maryland imported thousands more slaves and racial caste lines hardened. Maryland was one of the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">thirteen colonies</a> that revolted against British rule in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>. Near the end of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> (1775–1783), on February 2, 1781, Maryland became the last and 13th state to approve the ratification of the <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union</a>, first proposed in 1776 and adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a> in 1778, which brought into being the United States as a united, <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereign</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nation_state" title="Nation state">national state</a>. It also became the seventh state admitted to the Union after ratifying the new federal Constitution in 1788. In December 1790, prior to the move of the national capital from <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> in 1800, Maryland donated land selected by first President <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> for its creation. The land was provided along the north shore of the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a> from <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's</a> counties, as well as from <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_County,_Virginia" title="Fairfax County, Virginia">Fairfax County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria</a> on the south shore of the Potomac in <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>; however, the land donated by the Commonwealth of Virginia was later returned to that state by the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_retrocession" title="District of Columbia retrocession">District of Columbia retrocession</a> in 1846. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 19th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg/220px-Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg/330px-Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg/440px-Ft._Henry_bombardement_1814.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1004" data-file-height="735" /></a><figcaption>The bombardment of Fort McHenry in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baltimore" title="Battle of Baltimore">Battle of Baltimore</a>, which inspired "<a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">The Star-Spangled Banner</a>"</figcaption></figure> Influenced by a changing economy, revolutionary ideals, and preaching by ministers, numerous planters in Maryland freed their slaves in the 20 years after the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">Revolutionary War</a>. Across the Upper South the free black population increased from less than 1% before the war to 14% by 1810.<a href="#cite_note-Kolchin-37">[35]</a> Abolitionists <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman" title="Harriet Tubman">Harriet Tubman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Douglass" title="Frederick Douglass">Frederick Douglass</a> were born slaves during this time in <a href="/wiki/Dorchester_County,_Maryland" title="Dorchester County, Maryland">Dorchester County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talbot_County,_Maryland" title="Talbot County, Maryland">Talbot County</a>, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, the British military attempted to capture Baltimore, which was protected by <a href="/wiki/Fort_McHenry" title="Fort McHenry">Fort McHenry</a>. During its bombardment the song "<a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">The Star-Spangled Banner</a>" was written by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key" title="Francis Scott Key">Francis Scott Key</a>; it was later adopted as the national anthem. National Road, later renamed <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_40_in_Maryland" title="U.S. Route 40 in Maryland">U.S. Route 40</a>, was authorized in 1817 as the federal highway, and ran from <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> to <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_and_Ohio_Railroad" title="Baltimore and Ohio Railroad">Baltimore and Ohio Railroad</a> (B&O), the first chartered railroad in the United States, opened its first section of track for regular operation in 1830 between Baltimore and <a href="/wiki/Ellicott_City,_Maryland" title="Ellicott City, Maryland">Ellicott City</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Dilts-40">[38]</a> and in 1852 it became the first rail line to reach the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> from the eastern seaboard.<a href="#cite_note-Stover-41">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Civil_War">Civil War</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Civil War">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Maryland in the American Civil War">Maryland in the American Civil War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg/220px-Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg/330px-Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg/440px-Kurz_%26_Allison_-_Battle_of_Antietam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8160" data-file-height="5992" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antietam" title="Battle of Antietam">Battle of Antietam</a> in 1862, one of the bloodiest battles of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, with nearly 23,000 casualties</figcaption></figure> The state remained in the Union during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>,<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> due in significant part to demographics and Federal intervention. The 1860 census, held shortly before the outbreak of the civil war, showed that 49% of Maryland's African Americans were <a href="/wiki/Free_black" class="mw-redirect" title="Free black">free</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kolchin-37">[35]</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holliday_Hicks" title="Thomas Holliday Hicks">Thomas Holliday Hicks</a> suspended the state legislature, and to help ensure <a href="/wiki/1861_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="1861 Maryland gubernatorial election">the election</a> of a new pro-union governor and legislature, President <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> had a number of its pro-slavery politicians arrested, including the Mayor of Baltimore, <a href="/wiki/George_William_Brown_(mayor)" title="George William Brown (mayor)">George William Brown</a>; suspended several civil liberties, including habeas corpus; and ordered artillery placed on <a href="/wiki/Federal_Hill,_Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Hill, Baltimore, Maryland">Federal Hill</a> overlooking Baltimore. In April 1861, Federal units and state regiments were attacked as they marched through Baltimore, sparking the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_riot_of_1861" title="Baltimore riot of 1861">Baltimore riot of 1861</a>, the first bloodshed in the Civil War.<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> Of the 115,000 Marylanders who joined the military during the Civil War, around 85,000, or 77%, joined the <a href="/wiki/Union_army" title="Union army">Union army</a>, while the remainder joined the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Confederate Army">Confederate Army</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The largest and most significant battle in the state was the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antietam" title="Battle of Antietam">Battle of Antietam</a> on September 17, 1862, near <a href="/wiki/Sharpsburg,_Maryland" title="Sharpsburg, Maryland">Sharpsburg</a>. Although a tactical draw, the battle was considered a strategic Union victory and a <a href="/wiki/Turning_point_of_the_American_Civil_War" title="Turning point of the American Civil War">turning point</a> of the war. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post-Civil_War">Post-Civil War</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Post-Civil War">edit</a>]</div> A new state constitution in 1864 <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolished</a> slavery and Maryland was first recognized as a "Free State" in that context.<a href="#cite_note-freestate-44">[42]</a> Following passage of constitutional amendments that granted voting rights to <a href="/wiki/Freedmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedmen">freedmen</a>, in 1867 the state extended suffrage to non-white males. The <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> rapidly regained power in the state from <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Republican_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States Republican Party">Republicans</a>. Democrats replaced the Constitution of 1864 with the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Constitution_of_1867" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Constitution of 1867">Constitution of 1867</a>. Following the end of Reconstruction in 1877, Democrats devised means of <a href="/wiki/Disfranchisement_after_Reconstruction_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Disfranchisement after Reconstruction era">disenfranchising</a> blacks, initially by physical intimidation and voter fraud, later by constitutional amendments and laws. Blacks and immigrants, however, resisted Democratic Party disfranchisement efforts in the state. Maryland blacks were part of a biracial Republican coalition elected to state government in 1896–1904 and comprised 20% of the electorate.<a href="#cite_note-tuck-45">[43]</a> Compared to some other states, blacks were better established both before and after the civil war. Nearly half the black population was free before the war, and some had accumulated property. Half the population lived in cities. Literacy was high among blacks and, as Democrats crafted means to exclude them, suffrage campaigns helped reach blacks and teach them how to resist.<a href="#cite_note-tuck-45">[43]</a> Whites did impose <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">racial segregation</a> in public facilities and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Crow">Jim Crow</a> laws, which effectively lasted until the passage of federal civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s. Baltimore grew significantly during the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>, due in large part to its seaport and good railroad connections, attracting European immigrant labor. Many manufacturing businesses were established in the Baltimore area after the Civil War. Baltimore businessmen, including <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins" title="Johns Hopkins">Johns Hopkins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enoch_Pratt" title="Enoch Pratt">Enoch Pratt</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Peabody" title="George Peabody">George Peabody</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Walters" title="Henry Walters">Henry Walters</a>, founded notable city institutions that bear their names, including respectively a <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">university</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enoch_Pratt_Free_Library" title="Enoch Pratt Free Library">library system</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Institute" title="Peabody Institute">music and dance conservatory</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Walters_Art_Museum" title="Walters Art Museum">art museum</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Maryland" title="Cumberland, Maryland">Cumberland</a> was Maryland's second-largest city in the 19th century. Nearby supplies of natural resources along with railroads fostered its growth into a major manufacturing center.<a href="#cite_note-WDL-46">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 20th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg/220px-Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg/330px-Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg/440px-Rubble_of_the_Great_Baltimore_Fire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption>The ruins left by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Baltimore_Fire" title="Great Baltimore Fire">Great Baltimore Fire</a> of 1904</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Era" title="Progressive Era">Progressive Era</a> of the late 19th and early 20th centuries brought political reforms. In a series of laws passed between 1892 and 1908, reformers worked for standard state-issued ballots (rather than those distributed and marked by the parties); obtained closed voting booths to prevent party workers from "assisting" voters; initiated <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary elections</a> to keep party bosses from selecting candidates; and had candidates listed without party symbols, which discouraged the <a href="/wiki/Illiterate" class="mw-redirect" title="Illiterate">illiterate</a> from participating. These measures worked against ill-educated whites and blacks. Blacks resisted such efforts, with suffrage groups conducting voter education. Blacks defeated three efforts to disenfranchise them, making alliances with immigrants to resist various Democratic campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-tuck-45">[43]</a> Disenfranchisement bills in 1905, 1907, and 1911 were rebuffed, in large part because of black opposition. Blacks comprised 20% of the electorate and immigrants comprised 15%, and the legislature had difficulty devising requirements against blacks that did not also disadvantage immigrants.<a href="#cite_note-tuck-45">[43]</a> The Progressive Era also brought reforms in working conditions for Maryland's labor force. In 1902, the state regulated conditions in <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mines</a>; outlawed <a href="/wiki/Child_labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Child labor">child laborers</a> under the age of 12; mandated compulsory school attendance; and enacted the nation's first <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_compensation" title="Workers' compensation">workers' compensation</a> law. The workers' compensation law was overturned in the courts, but was redrafted and finally enacted in 1910. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Baltimore_Fire" title="Great Baltimore Fire">Great Baltimore Fire</a> of 1904 burned for more than 30 hours, destroying 1,526 buildings and spanning 70 city blocks. More than 1,231 <a href="/wiki/Firefighter" title="Firefighter">firefighters</a> worked to bring the blaze under control. With the nation's <a href="/wiki/World_War_I#Entry_of_the_United_States" title="World War I">entry into World War I</a> in 1917, new military bases such as <a href="/wiki/Fort_George_G._Meade" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort George G. Meade">Camp Meade</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Proving_Ground" title="Aberdeen Proving Ground">Aberdeen Proving Ground</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Edgewood_Arsenal" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgewood Arsenal">Edgewood Arsenal</a> were established. Existing facilities, including <a href="/wiki/Fort_McHenry" title="Fort McHenry">Fort McHenry</a>, were greatly expanded. After Georgia congressman <a href="/wiki/William_D._Upshaw" title="William D. Upshaw">William D. Upshaw</a> criticized Maryland openly in 1923 for not passing <a href="/wiki/Prohibition_in_the_United_States" title="Prohibition in the United States">Prohibition</a> laws, Baltimore Sun editor Hamilton Owens coined the "Free State" nickname for Maryland in that context, which was popularized by <a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">H. L. Mencken</a> in a series of newspaper editorials.<a href="#cite_note-freestate-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a> Maryland's urban and rural communities had different experiences during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. The "<a href="/wiki/Bonus_Army" title="Bonus Army">Bonus Army</a>" marched through the state in 1932 on its way to Washington, D.C. Maryland instituted its first <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a> in 1937 to generate revenue for schools and welfare.<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a> Passenger and freight steamboat service, once important throughout Chesapeake Bay and its many tributary rivers, ended in 1962.<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> Baltimore was a major war production center during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The biggest operations were <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem_Steel" title="Bethlehem Steel">Bethlehem Steel</a>'s Fairfield Yard, which built <a href="/wiki/Liberty_ship" title="Liberty ship">Liberty ships</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Glenn_L._Martin_Company" title="Glenn L. Martin Company">Glenn Martin</a>, an aircraft manufacturer. Maryland experienced population growth following World War II. Beginning in the 1960s, as suburban growth took hold around Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, the state began to take on a more mid-Atlantic culture as opposed to the traditionally Southern and Tidewater culture that previously dominated most of the state. Agricultural tracts gave way to residential communities, some of them carefully planned such as <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Maryland" title="Columbia, Maryland">Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Charles,_Maryland" title="St. Charles, Maryland">St. Charles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Village,_Maryland" title="Montgomery Village, Maryland">Montgomery Village</a>. Concurrently the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a> was built throughout the state, most notably <a href="/wiki/Interstate_95_in_Maryland" title="Interstate 95 in Maryland">I-95</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_695_(Maryland)" title="Interstate 695 (Maryland)">I-695</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_495_(Capital_Beltway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway)">Capital Beltway</a>, altering travel patterns. In 1952, the eastern and western halves of Maryland were linked for the first time by the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge" title="Chesapeake Bay Bridge">Chesapeake Bay Bridge</a>, which replaced a nearby <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> service.<a href="#cite_note-baybridge.com-history-50">[48]</a> Maryland's regions experienced economic changes following WWII. Heavy manufacturing declined in Baltimore. In Maryland's four westernmost counties, industrial, railroad, and coal mining jobs declined. On the lower <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a>, family farms were bought up by major concerns and large-scale poultry farms and vegetable farming became prevalent. In Southern Maryland, tobacco farming nearly vanished due to suburban development and a state tobacco buy-out program in the 1990s. In an effort to reverse depopulation due to the loss of working-class industries, Baltimore initiated <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">urban renewal</a> projects in the 1960s with <a href="/wiki/Charles_Center" title="Charles Center">Charles Center</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_World_Trade_Center" title="Baltimore World Trade Center">Baltimore World Trade Center</a>. Some resulted in the break-up of intact residential neighborhoods, producing social volatility, and some older residential areas around the harbor have had units renovated and have become popular with new populations. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Maryland" title="Geography of Maryland">Geography of Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Maryland" title="List of islands of Maryland">List of islands of Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Maryland" title="List of rivers of Maryland">List of rivers of Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MDGeoReg.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/MDGeoReg.PNG/220px-MDGeoReg.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/MDGeoReg.PNG/330px-MDGeoReg.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/MDGeoReg.PNG/440px-MDGeoReg.PNG 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>Physical regions of Maryland</figcaption></figure> Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles (32,133.2 km2) and is comparable in overall area with <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> [11,787 square miles (30,530 km2)].<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> It is the 42nd-largest and 9th-smallest state and is closest in size to the state of <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> [10,930.98 square miles (28,311.1 km2)], the next smallest state. The next largest state is Maryland's neighbor, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>, which is nearly twice the size of Maryland [24,229.76 square miles (62,754.8 km2)]. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Description">Description</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Description">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deep_Creek_Lake_Maryland_Panoramic_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Deep_Creek_Lake_Maryland_Panoramic_View.jpg/220px-Deep_Creek_Lake_Maryland_Panoramic_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Deep_Creek_Lake_Maryland_Panoramic_View.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="143" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Western_Maryland" title="Western Maryland">Western Maryland</a> is known for its heavily forested mountains. A panoramic view of <a href="/wiki/Deep_Creek_Lake" title="Deep Creek Lake">Deep Creek Lake</a> and the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> in <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett County</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Falls,_Maryland,_cliffs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Great_Falls%2C_Maryland%2C_cliffs.jpg/220px-Great_Falls%2C_Maryland%2C_cliffs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Great_Falls%2C_Maryland%2C_cliffs.jpg/330px-Great_Falls%2C_Maryland%2C_cliffs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Great_Falls%2C_Maryland%2C_cliffs.jpg/440px-Great_Falls%2C_Maryland%2C_cliffs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Great_Falls_(Potomac_River)" title="Great Falls (Potomac River)">Great Falls</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patapsco_fg01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Patapsco_fg01.jpg/220px-Patapsco_fg01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Patapsco_fg01.jpg/330px-Patapsco_fg01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Patapsco_fg01.jpg/440px-Patapsco_fg01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Patapsco_River" title="Patapsco River">Patapsco River</a> includes the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Viaduct" title="Thomas Viaduct">Thomas Viaduct</a> and is part of the <a href="/wiki/Patapsco_Valley_State_Park" title="Patapsco Valley State Park">Patapsco Valley State Park</a>; the river forms <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Inner_Harbor" title="Inner Harbor">Inner Harbor</a> as it empties into the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg/220px-Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg/330px-Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg/440px-Sunset_over_the_marsh_at_Cardinal_Cove_-_NOAA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1192" /></a><figcaption>Sunset over a marsh at Cardinal Cove on the <a href="/wiki/Patuxent_River" title="Patuxent River">Patuxent River</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg/220px-ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg/330px-ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg/440px-ChesapeakeTidalWetlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Tidal wetlands of the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>, the largest <a href="/wiki/Estuary" title="Estuary">estuary</a> in the nation and the largest water feature in Maryland</figcaption></figure> Maryland possesses a variety of <a href="/wiki/Topography" title="Topography">topography</a> within its borders, contributing to its nickname America in Miniature.<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> It ranges from sandy <a href="/wiki/Dunes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunes">dunes</a> dotted with seagrass in the east, to low marshlands teeming with wildlife and large <a href="/wiki/Taxodium" title="Taxodium">bald cypress</a> near the Chesapeake Bay, to gently rolling hills of oak forests in the <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_(United_States)" title="Piedmont (United States)">Piedmont Region</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> groves in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Maryland" title="List of mountains in Maryland">Maryland mountains</a> to the west. Maryland is bounded on its north by <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, on its north and east by <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a>, on its east by the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, and on its south and west, across the <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a>, by <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>. The mid-portion of its border with Virginia is interrupted by <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, which sits on land that was originally part of <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's</a> counties and including <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Georgetown (Washington, D.C.)">Georgetown, Maryland</a>, which was ceded to the United States federal government in 1790 to form the Washington, D.C. <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a> nearly bisects the state, and the counties east of the bay are known collectively as the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a>. Most of the state's waterways are part of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, with the exceptions of a tiny portion of extreme western <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett County</a> (drained by the <a href="/wiki/Youghiogheny_River" title="Youghiogheny River">Youghiogheny River</a> as part of the watershed of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>), the eastern half of Worcester County (which drains into Maryland's Atlantic coastal bays), and a small portion of the state's northeast corner (which drains into the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_River" title="Delaware River">Delaware River</a> watershed). So prominent is the Chesapeake in Maryland's geography and economic life that there has been periodic agitation to change the state's official nickname to the "Bay State", a nickname that has been used by <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> for decades. The highest point in Maryland, with an elevation of 3,360 feet (1,020 m), is <a href="/wiki/Backbone_Mountain" title="Backbone Mountain">Hoye Crest on Backbone Mountain</a>, in the southwest corner of <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett County</a>, near the border with West Virginia, and near the headwaters of the North Branch of the Potomac River. Close to the small town of <a href="/wiki/Hancock,_Maryland" title="Hancock, Maryland">Hancock</a>, in western Maryland, about two-thirds of the way across the state, less than 2 miles (3.2 km) separates its borders,<a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Mason%E2%80%93Dixon_line" title="Mason–Dixon line">Mason–Dixon line</a> to the north, and the northwards-arching <a href="/wiki/Potomac_River" title="Potomac River">Potomac River</a> to the south. Portions of Maryland are included in various official and unofficial geographic regions. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula" title="Delmarva Peninsula">Delmarva Peninsula</a> is composed of the Eastern Shore counties of Maryland, the entire <a href="/wiki/State_of_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Delaware">state of Delaware</a>, and the two counties that make up the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Virginia" title="Eastern Shore of Virginia">Eastern Shore of Virginia</a>, whereas the westernmost counties of Maryland are considered part of <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a>. Much of the Baltimore–Washington corridor lies just south of the Piedmont in the Coastal Plain,<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a> though it straddles the border between the two regions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a>]</div> Earthquakes in Maryland are infrequent and small due to the state's distance from seismic/earthquake zones.<a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale" title="Moment magnitude scale">M</a>5.8 <a href="/wiki/2011_Virginia_earthquake" title="2011 Virginia earthquake">Virginia earthquake in 2011</a> was felt moderately throughout Maryland. Buildings in the state are not well-designed for earthquakes and can suffer damage easily.<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> As well as this, notably a M4.8 earthquake from Tewksbury in central New Jersey was felt slightly throughout Maryland.<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a> Maryland has no natural lakes, mostly due to the lack of glacial history in the area.<a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> All lakes in the state today were constructed, mostly via dams.<a href="#cite_note-60">[58]</a> <a href="/wiki/Buckel%27s_Bog" title="Buckel's Bog">Buckel's Bog</a> is believed by geologists to have been a remnant of a former natural lake.<a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a> Maryland has shale formations containing natural gas, where fracking is theoretically possible.<a href="#cite_note-natgas-62">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora">Flora</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Flora">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BESusan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/BESusan.JPG/220px-BESusan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/BESusan.JPG/330px-BESusan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/BESusan.JPG/440px-BESusan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rudbeckia_hirta" title="Rudbeckia hirta">Black-eyed susans</a>, the state flower, grow throughout much of the state.<a href="#cite_note-maag-flower-63">[61]</a></figcaption></figure> As is typical of states on the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a>, Maryland's plant life is abundant and healthy. An adequate volume of annual precipitation helps to support many types of plants, including <a href="/wiki/Seagrass" title="Seagrass">seagrass</a> and various <a href="/wiki/Phragmites" title="Phragmites">reeds</a> at the smaller end of the spectrum to the gigantic <a href="/wiki/Wye_Oak" title="Wye Oak">Wye Oak</a>, a huge example of <a href="/wiki/White_oak" class="mw-redirect" title="White oak">white oak</a>, the state tree, which can grow over 70 feet (21 m) tall. <a href="/wiki/Middle_Atlantic_coastal_forests" title="Middle Atlantic coastal forests">Middle Atlantic coastal forests</a>, typical of the southeastern <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_coastal_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic coastal plain">Atlantic coastal plain</a>, grow around Chesapeake Bay and on the <a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula" title="Delmarva Peninsula">Delmarva Peninsula</a>. Moving west, a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_coastal_forests" title="Northeastern coastal forests">Northeastern coastal forests</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_mixed_forests" title="Southeastern mixed forests">Southeastern mixed forests</a> cover the central part of the state. The <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> of western Maryland are home to <a href="/wiki/Appalachian-Blue_Ridge_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests">Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests</a>. These give way to <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_mixed_mesophytic_forests" title="Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests">Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests</a> near the West Virginia border.<a href="#cite_note-ecoregions-64">[62]</a> Many foreign species are cultivated in the state, some as ornamentals, others as novelty species. Included among these are the <a href="/wiki/Lagerstroemia" title="Lagerstroemia">crape myrtle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_cypress" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian cypress">Italian cypress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnolia_grandiflora" title="Magnolia grandiflora">southern magnolia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Live_oak" title="Live oak">live oak</a> in the warmer parts of the state,<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Hardy_palms" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardy palms">hardy palm trees</a> in the warmer central and eastern parts of the state.<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> USDA plant <a href="/wiki/Hardiness_zone" title="Hardiness zone">hardiness zones</a> in the state range from Zones 5 and 6 in the extreme western part of the state to Zone 7 in the central part, and Zone 8 around the southern part of the coast, the bay area, and parts of <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Metropolitan Area">metropolitan Baltimore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Arbor_Day_Foundation-67">[65]</a> Invasive plant species, such as <a href="/wiki/Kudzu" title="Kudzu">kudzu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tree_of_heaven" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree of heaven">tree of heaven</a>, <a href="/wiki/Multiflora_rose" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiflora rose">multiflora rose</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Microstegium_vimineum" title="Microstegium vimineum">Japanese stiltgrass</a>, stifle growth of endemic plant life.<a href="#cite_note-68">[66]</a> Maryland's state flower, the <a href="/wiki/Rudbeckia_hirta" title="Rudbeckia hirta">black-eyed susan</a>, grows in abundance in wild flower groups throughout the state. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Fauna">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg/220px-Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg/330px-Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg/440px-Assateague_Island_horses_August_2009_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>A feral <a href="/wiki/Chincoteague_Pony" class="mw-redirect" title="Chincoteague Pony">Chincoteague Pony</a> on Assateague Island on Maryland's Atlantic coastal islands</figcaption></figure> The state harbors a considerable number of <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_deer" title="White-tailed deer">white-tailed deer</a>, especially in the woody and mountainous west of the state, and overpopulation can become a problem. Mammals can be found ranging from the mountains in the west to the central areas and include <a href="/wiki/American_black_bear" title="American black bear">black bears</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Maryland_Wildlife-69">[67]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bobcat" title="Bobcat">bobcats</a>,<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> foxes, <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyotes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a> raccoons, and otters.<a href="#cite_note-Maryland_Wildlife-69">[67]</a> There is a population of rare wild (feral) horses found on <a href="/wiki/Assateague_Island" title="Assateague Island">Assateague Island</a>.<a href="#cite_note-horse-72">[70]</a> They are believed to be descended from horses who escaped from Spanish galleon shipwrecks.<a href="#cite_note-horse-72">[70]</a> Every year during the last week of July, they are captured and swim across a shallow bay for sale at <a href="/wiki/Chincoteague,_Virginia" title="Chincoteague, Virginia">Chincoteague, Virginia</a>, a conservation technique which ensures the tiny island is not overrun by the horses.<a href="#cite_note-horse-72">[70]</a> The ponies and their sale were popularized by the children's book, <a href="/wiki/Misty_of_Chincoteague_(novel)" title="Misty of Chincoteague (novel)">Misty of Chincoteague</a>. The purebred <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Retriever" title="Chesapeake Bay Retriever">Chesapeake Bay Retriever</a> dog was bred specifically for water sports, hunting and search and rescue in the Chesapeake area.<a href="#cite_note-Maryland1-73">[71]</a> In 1878, the Chesapeake Bay Retriever was the first individual retriever breed recognized by the <a href="/wiki/American_Kennel_Club" title="American Kennel Club">American Kennel Club</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Maryland1-73">[71]</a> and was later adopted by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore_County" title="University of Maryland, Baltimore County">University of Maryland, Baltimore County</a> as their mascot. Maryland's reptile and amphibian population includes the <a href="/wiki/Diamondback_terrapin" title="Diamondback terrapin">diamondback terrapin</a> turtle, which was adopted as the mascot of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland, College Park</a>, as well as the threatened <a href="/wiki/Eastern_box_turtle" title="Eastern box turtle">Eastern box turtle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> The state is part of the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_oriole" title="Baltimore oriole">Baltimore oriole</a>, which is the official state bird and mascot of the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a> team the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a> Aside from the oriole, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Maryland_birds" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Maryland birds">435 other species of birds</a> have been reported from Maryland.<a href="#cite_note-MRC2-76">[74]</a> The state insect is the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_checkerspot" title="Baltimore checkerspot">Baltimore checkerspot butterfly</a>, although it is not as common in Maryland as it is in the southern edge of its range.<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Environment">edit</a>]</div> Maryland joined with neighboring states during the end of the 20th century to improve the health of the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>. The bay's aquatic life and seafood industry have been threatened by development and by fertilizer and livestock waste entering the bay.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-hog-79">[77]</a> In 2007, Forbes.com rated Maryland as the fifth "Greenest" state in the country, behind three of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific States">Pacific States</a> and Vermont. Maryland ranks 40th in total energy consumption nationwide, and it managed less toxic waste per capita than all but six states in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-80">[78]</a> In April 2007, Maryland joined the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Greenhouse_Gas_Initiative" title="Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative">Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative</a> (RGGI) — a regional initiative, formed by all the Northeastern states, Washington, D.C., and three Canadian provinces, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.<a href="#cite_note-81">[79]</a> In March 2017, Maryland became the first state with proven gas reserves to ban fracking by passing a law against it. Vermont has such a law, but no shale gas, and New York has such a ban, though it was made by executive order.<a href="#cite_note-natgas-62">[60]</a> In 2023, <a href="/wiki/AES_Corporation" title="AES Corporation">AES Corporation</a> announced its intent to retire the 23-year-old <a href="/wiki/Warrior_Run_Generating_Station" title="Warrior Run Generating Station">Warrior Run coal plant</a> in June 2024. It was the state's last coal-fired power plant that did not already have plans to shut down.<a href="#cite_note-82">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Maryland" title="Climate change in Maryland">Climate change in Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png/220px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png/330px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png/440px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Maryland.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1126" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate types</a> of Maryland, using 1991–2020 <a href="/wiki/Climatological_normal" title="Climatological normal">climate normals</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg/220px-Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg/330px-Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg/440px-Baltimore_Snowpocalypse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>Winter on Lancaster Street in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fell%27s_Point,_Baltimore" title="Fell's Point, Baltimore">Fells Point</a></figcaption></figure> Maryland has a wide array of climates, due to local variances in elevation, proximity to water, and protection from colder weather due to <a href="/wiki/Katabatic_wind" title="Katabatic wind">downslope winds</a>. The eastern half of Maryland, which includes <a href="/wiki/Ocean_City,_Maryland" title="Ocean City, Maryland">Ocean City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">Salisbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annapolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Annapolis">Annapolis</a>, and the southern and eastern suburbs of Washington, D.C., and <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, lies on the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Coastal_Plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Coastal Plain">Atlantic Coastal Plain</a>, with flat topography and sandy or muddy soil. This region has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> Cfa), with hot, humid summers and cool to cold winters; it falls under USDA <a href="/wiki/Hardiness_zone" title="Hardiness zone">Hardiness zone</a> 8a.<a href="#cite_note-Arbor_Day_Foundation-67">[65]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_(United_States)" title="Piedmont (United States)">Piedmont</a> region, which includes northern and western greater Baltimore, <a href="/wiki/Westminster,_Maryland" title="Westminster, Maryland">Westminster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg,_Maryland" title="Gaithersburg, Maryland">Gaithersburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">Hagerstown</a>, has average seasonal snowfall totals generally exceeding 20 inches (51 cm), and, as part of USDA Hardiness zones 7b and 7a,<a href="#cite_note-Arbor_Day_Foundation-67">[65]</a> temperatures below 10 °F (−12 °C) are less rare. From the <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Valley" title="Cumberland Valley">Cumberland Valley</a> on westward, the climate begins to transition to a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (Köppen Dfa). In western Maryland, the higher elevations of <a href="/wiki/Allegany_County,_Maryland" title="Allegany County, Maryland">Allegany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett</a> counties, including the cities of <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Maryland" title="Cumberland, Maryland">Cumberland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frostburg,_Maryland" title="Frostburg, Maryland">Frostburg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_Maryland" title="Oakland, Maryland">Oakland</a>, display more characteristics of the humid continental zone, due in part to elevation. They fall under USDA Hardiness zones 6b and below.<a href="#cite_note-Arbor_Day_Foundation-67">[65]</a> Precipitation in the state is characteristic of the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a>. Annual rainfall ranges from 35 to 45 inches (890 to 1,140 mm) with more in higher elevations. Nearly every part of Maryland receives 3.5–4.5 inches (89–114 mm) per month of rain. Average annual snowfall varies from 9 inches (23 cm) in the coastal areas to over 100 inches (250 cm) in the western mountains of the state.<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a> Because of its location near the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">Atlantic Coast</a>, Maryland is somewhat vulnerable to <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclones" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical cyclones">tropical cyclones</a>, although the <a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula" title="Delmarva Peninsula">Delmarva Peninsula</a> and the outer banks of <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> provide a large buffer, such that strikes from major hurricanes (category 3 or above) occur infrequently. More often, Maryland gets the remnants of a tropical system that has already come ashore and released most of its energy. Maryland averages around 30–40 days of thunderstorms a year, and averages around six tornado strikes annually.<a href="#cite_note-Annual_average_number_of_tornadoes-84">[82]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption style="vertical-align:top; background:silver;">Monthly average high and low temperatures for various Maryland cities and landmarks (covering breadth and width of the state) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>City </th> <th>Jan </th> <th>Feb </th> <th>Mar </th> <th>Apr </th> <th>May </th> <th>Jun </th> <th>Jul </th> <th>Aug </th> <th>Sep </th> <th>Oct </th> <th>Nov </th> <th>Dec </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_Maryland" title="Oakland, Maryland">Oakland</a> </th> <td>34 °F (1 °C) 16 °F (−9 °C) </td> <td>38 °F (3 °C) 17 °F (−8 °C) </td> <td>48 °F (9 °C) 25 °F (−4 °C) </td> <td>59 °F (15 °C) 34 °F (1 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 45 °F (7 °C) </td> <td>75 °F (24 °C) 53 °F (12 °C) </td> <td>79 °F (26 °C) 58 °F (14 °C) </td> <td>78 °F (26 °C) 56 °F (13 °C) </td> <td>71 °F (22 °C) 49 °F (9 °C) </td> <td>62 °F (17 °C) 37 °F (3 °C) </td> <td>50 °F (10 °C) 28 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>39 °F (4 °C) 21 °F (−6 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Maryland" title="Cumberland, Maryland">Cumberland</a> </th> <td>41 °F (5 °C) 22 °F (−6 °C) </td> <td>46 °F (8 °C) 24 °F (−4 °C) </td> <td>56 °F (13 °C) 32 °F (0 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 41 °F (5 °C) </td> <td>77 °F (25 °C) 51 °F (11 °C) </td> <td>85 °F (29 °C) 60 °F (16 °C) </td> <td>89 °F (32 °C) 65 °F (18 °C) </td> <td>87 °F (31 °C) 63 °F (17 °C) </td> <td>80 °F (27 °C) 55 °F (13 °C) </td> <td>69 °F (21 °C) 43 °F (6 °C) </td> <td>57 °F (14 °C) 34 °F (1 °C) </td> <td>45 °F (7 °C) 26 °F (−3 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">Hagerstown</a> </th> <td>39 °F (4 °C) 22 °F (−6 °C) </td> <td>42 °F (6 °C) 23 °F (−5 °C) </td> <td>52 °F (11 °C) 30 °F (−1 °C) </td> <td>63 °F (17 °C) 39 °F (4 °C) </td> <td>72 °F (22 °C) 50 °F (10 °C) </td> <td>81 °F (27 °C) 59 °F (15 °C) </td> <td>85 °F (29 °C) 64 °F (18 °C) </td> <td>83 °F (28 °C) 62 °F (17 °C) </td> <td>76 °F (24 °C) 54 °F (12 °C) </td> <td>65 °F (18 °C) 43 °F (6 °C) </td> <td>54 °F (12 °C) 34 °F (1 °C) </td> <td>43 °F (6 °C) 26 °F (−3 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick</a> </th> <td>42 °F (6 °C) 26 °F (−3 °C) </td> <td>47 °F (8 °C) 28 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>56 °F (13 °C) 35 °F (2 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 45 °F (7 °C) </td> <td>77 °F (25 °C) 54 °F (12 °C) </td> <td>85 °F (29 °C) 63 °F (17 °C) </td> <td>89 °F (32 °C) 68 °F (20 °C) </td> <td>87 °F (31 °C) 66 °F (19 °C) </td> <td>80 °F (27 °C) 59 °F (15 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 47 °F (8 °C) </td> <td>56 °F (13 °C) 38 °F (3 °C) </td> <td>45 °F (7 °C) 30 °F (−1 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore</a> </th> <td>42 °F (6 °C) 29 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>46 °F (8 °C) 31 °F (−1 °C) </td> <td>54 °F (12 °C) 39 °F (4 °C) </td> <td>65 °F (18 °C) 48 °F (9 °C) </td> <td>75 °F (24 °C) 57 °F (14 °C) </td> <td>85 °F (29 °C) 67 °F (19 °C) </td> <td>90 °F (32 °C) 72 °F (22 °C) </td> <td>87 °F (31 °C) 71 °F (22 °C) </td> <td>80 °F (27 °C) 64 °F (18 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 52 °F (11 °C) </td> <td>58 °F (14 °C) 43 °F (6 °C) </td> <td>46 °F (8 °C) 33 °F (1 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Elkton,_Maryland" title="Elkton, Maryland">Elkton</a> </th> <td>42 °F (6 °C) 24 °F (−4 °C) </td> <td>46 °F (8 °C) 26 °F (−3 °C) </td> <td>55 °F (13 °C) 32 °F (0 °C) </td> <td>67 °F (19 °C) 42 °F (6 °C) </td> <td>76 °F (24 °C) 51 °F (11 °C) </td> <td>85 °F (29 °C) 61 °F (16 °C) </td> <td>88 °F (31 °C) 66 °F (19 °C) </td> <td>87 °F (31 °C) 65 °F (18 °C) </td> <td>80 °F (27 °C) 57 °F (14 °C) </td> <td>69 °F (21 °C) 45 °F (7 °C) </td> <td>58 °F (14 °C) 36 °F (2 °C) </td> <td>46 °F (8 °C) 28 °F (−2 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ocean_City,_Maryland" title="Ocean City, Maryland">Ocean City</a> </th> <td>45 °F (7 °C) 28 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>46 °F (8 °C) 29 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>53 °F (12 °C) 35 °F (2 °C) </td> <td>61 °F (16 °C) 44 °F (7 °C) </td> <td>70 °F (21 °C) 53 °F (12 °C) </td> <td>79 °F (26 °C) 63 °F (17 °C) </td> <td>84 °F (29 °C) 68 °F (20 °C) </td> <td>82 °F (28 °C) 67 °F (19 °C) </td> <td>77 °F (25 °C) 60 °F (16 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 51 °F (11 °C) </td> <td>58 °F (14 °C) 39 °F (4 °C) </td> <td>49 °F (9 °C) 32 °F (0 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Waldorf,_Maryland" title="Waldorf, Maryland">Waldorf</a> </th> <td>44 °F (7 °C) 26 °F (−3 °C) </td> <td>49 °F (9 °C) 28 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>58 °F (14 °C) 35 °F (2 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 43 °F (6 °C) </td> <td>75 °F (24 °C) 53 °F (12 °C) </td> <td>81 °F (27 °C) 62 °F (17 °C) </td> <td>85 °F (29 °C) 67 °F (19 °C) </td> <td>83 °F (28 °C) 65 °F (18 °C) </td> <td>78 °F (26 °C) 59 °F (15 °C) </td> <td>68 °F (20 °C) 47 °F (8 °C) </td> <td>59 °F (15 °C) 38 °F (3 °C) </td> <td>48 °F (9 °C) 30 °F (−1 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Point_Lookout_State_Park" title="Point Lookout State Park">Point Lookout State Park</a> </th> <td>47 °F (8 °C) 29 °F (−2 °C) </td> <td>51 °F (11 °C) 31 °F (−1 °C) </td> <td>60 °F (16 °C) 38 °F (3 °C) </td> <td>70 °F (21 °C) 46 °F (8 °C) </td> <td>78 °F (26 °C) 55 °F (13 °C) </td> <td>86 °F (30 °C) 64 °F (18 °C) </td> <td>89 °F (32 °C) 69 °F (21 °C) </td> <td>87 °F (31 °C) 67 °F (19 °C) </td> <td>81 °F (27 °C) 60 °F (16 °C) </td> <td>71 °F (22 °C) 49 °F (9 °C) </td> <td>61 °F (16 °C) 41 °F (5 °C) </td> <td>50 °F (10 °C) 32 °F (0 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="13" style="text-align:center"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-85">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Cumberland-87">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Frederick-89">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Baltimore_downtown-90">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Ocean_City-92">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[92]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities_and_metro_areas">Cities and metro areas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Cities and metro areas">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Maryland_statistical_areas" title="Maryland statistical areas">Maryland statistical areas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maryland_population_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Maryland_population_map.png/220px-Maryland_population_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Maryland_population_map.png/330px-Maryland_population_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Maryland_population_map.png/440px-Maryland_population_map.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Maryland population distribution map; Maryland's population is concentrated mostly in the <a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore_combined_statistical_area" title="Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area">Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area</a>.</figcaption></figure> Most of the population of Maryland lives in the central region of the state, in the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">Baltimore metropolitan area</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a>, both of which are part of the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore%E2%80%93Washington_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area">Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area</a>. The majority of Maryland's population is concentrated in the cities and suburbs surrounding <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, and in and around <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, Maryland's most populous city. Historically, these and many other Maryland cities developed along the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Seaboard_fall_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Seaboard fall line">Fall Line</a>, the line along which rivers, brooks, and streams are interrupted by rapids and waterfalls. Maryland's capital city, <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a>, is one exception to this pattern since it lies along the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Severn_River_(Maryland)" title="Severn River (Maryland)">Severn River</a>, close to where it empties into the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>. The Eastern Shore is less populous and more rural, as are the counties of western Maryland. The two westernmost counties of Maryland, <a href="/wiki/Allegany_County,_Maryland" title="Allegany County, Maryland">Allegany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett</a>, are mountainous and sparsely populated, resembling West Virginia and <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a> more than they do the rest of the state. Both eastern and western Maryland are, however, dotted with cities of regional importance, such as <a href="/wiki/Ocean_City,_Maryland" title="Ocean City, Maryland">Ocean City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Anne,_Maryland" title="Princess Anne, Maryland">Princess Anne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">Salisbury</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Maryland" title="Cumberland, Maryland">Cumberland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frostburg,_Maryland" title="Frostburg, Maryland">Frostburg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hancock,_Maryland" title="Hancock, Maryland">Hancock</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Maryland" title="Western Maryland">Western Maryland</a>. Southern Maryland is still somewhat rural, but suburbanization from Washington, D.C., has encroached significantly since the 1960s; important local population centers include <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Park,_Maryland" title="Lexington Park, Maryland">Lexington Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Frederick,_Maryland" title="Prince Frederick, Maryland">Prince Frederick</a>, <a href="/wiki/California,_Maryland" title="California, Maryland">California</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waldorf,_Maryland" title="Waldorf, Maryland">Waldorf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;">Largest cities or towns in Maryland <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020 U.S. Census</a> populations</div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Maryland">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Maryland" title="List of counties in Maryland">County</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_baltimore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baltimore"><img alt="Baltimore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Downtown_baltimore.jpg/120px-Downtown_baltimore.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Downtown_baltimore.jpg/180px-Downtown_baltimore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Downtown_baltimore.jpg/240px-Downtown_baltimore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_View_of_Columbia,_MD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Columbia"><img alt="Columbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Aerial_View_of_Columbia%2C_MD.jpg/120px-Aerial_View_of_Columbia%2C_MD.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Aerial_View_of_Columbia%2C_MD.jpg/180px-Aerial_View_of_Columbia%2C_MD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Aerial_View_of_Columbia%2C_MD.jpg/240px-Aerial_View_of_Columbia%2C_MD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="606" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Maryland" title="Columbia, Maryland">Columbia</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent city</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">585,708 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:Germantown_Library,_Germantown,_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germantown"><img alt="Germantown" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Germantown_Library%2C_Germantown%2C_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg/120px-Germantown_Library%2C_Germantown%2C_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Germantown_Library%2C_Germantown%2C_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg/180px-Germantown_Library%2C_Germantown%2C_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Germantown_Library%2C_Germantown%2C_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg/240px-Germantown_Library%2C_Germantown%2C_Maryland_LCCN2012630021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6144" data-file-height="4117" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Maryland" title="Germantown, Maryland">Germantown</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_(21603494465).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Waldorf"><img alt="Waldorf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_%2821603494465%29.jpg/120px-Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_%2821603494465%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_%2821603494465%29.jpg/180px-Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_%2821603494465%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_%2821603494465%29.jpg/240px-Dr._Samuel_Mudd_House_%2821603494465%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Waldorf,_Maryland" title="Waldorf, Maryland">Waldorf</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Maryland" title="Columbia, Maryland">Columbia</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland" title="Howard County, Maryland">Howard</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">104,681 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Maryland" title="Germantown, Maryland">Germantown</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">91,249 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Waldorf,_Maryland" title="Waldorf, Maryland">Waldorf</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_County,_Maryland" title="Charles County, Maryland">Charles</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">81,410 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring,_Maryland" title="Silver Spring, Maryland">Silver Spring</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">81,015 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_County,_Maryland" title="Frederick County, Maryland">Frederick</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">78,171 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ellicott_City,_Maryland" title="Ellicott City, Maryland">Ellicott City</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland" title="Howard County, Maryland">Howard</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">75,947 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Glen_Burnie,_Maryland" title="Glen Burnie, Maryland">Glen Burnie</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County,_Maryland" title="Anne Arundel County, Maryland">Anne Arundel</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">72,891 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg,_Maryland" title="Gaithersburg, Maryland">Gaithersburg</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">69,657 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bethesda,_Maryland" title="Bethesda, Maryland">Bethesda</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">68,056 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Maryland" title="List of counties in Maryland">List of counties in Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_incorporated_places_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of incorporated places in Maryland">List of incorporated places in Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_census-designated_places_in_Maryland" title="List of census-designated places in Maryland">List of census-designated places in Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg/220px-Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg/330px-Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg/440px-Map_of_maryland_counties.jpg 2x" data-file-width="814" data-file-height="436" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Maryland" title="List of counties in Maryland">Maryland's counties</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1790_United_States_census" title="1790 United States census">1790</a></th><td>319,728</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_census" title="1800 United States census">1800</a></th><td>341,548</td><td></td><td>6.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810</a></th><td>380,546</td><td></td><td>11.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820</a></th><td>407,350</td><td></td><td>7.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td>447,040</td><td></td><td>9.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td>470,019</td><td></td><td>5.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>583,034</td><td></td><td>24.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>687,049</td><td></td><td>17.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>780,894</td><td></td><td>13.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>934,943</td><td></td><td>19.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>1,042,390</td><td></td><td>11.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>1,188,044</td><td></td><td>14.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>1,295,346</td><td></td><td>9.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>1,449,661</td><td></td><td>11.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>1,631,526</td><td></td><td>12.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>1,821,244</td><td></td><td>11.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>2,343,001</td><td></td><td>28.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>3,100,689</td><td></td><td>32.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>3,922,399</td><td></td><td>26.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>4,216,975</td><td></td><td>7.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>4,781,468</td><td></td><td>13.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>5,296,486</td><td></td><td>10.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>5,773,552</td><td></td><td>9.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>6,177,224</td><td></td><td>7.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">6,180,253</td><td></td><td>0.0%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote" style="text-align: center">Source: 1910–2020<a href="#cite_note-censusdata-97">[95]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> In the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020 United States census</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> found that population of Maryland was 6,185,278 people, a 7.1% increase from the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-censusdata-97">[95]</a> The United States Census Bureau estimated that the population of Maryland was 6,045,680 on July 1, 2019, a 4.71% increase from the 2010 United States census and an increase of 2,962, from the prior year. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 269,166 (464,251 births minus 275,093 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 116,713 people into the state. <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 129,730 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 13,017 people.<a href="#cite_note-PopEstUS-98">[96]</a> In 2018, The top countries of origin for Maryland's immigrants were <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> (11%), <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (6%), <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (5%), <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> (5%), and the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> (4%).<a href="#cite_note-99">[97]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Center_of_population" title="Center of population">center of population</a> of Maryland is located on the county line between <a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County,_Maryland" title="Anne Arundel County, Maryland">Anne Arundel County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland" title="Howard County, Maryland">Howard County</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">unincorporated community</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jessup,_Maryland" title="Jessup, Maryland">Jessup</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a> Maryland's history as a <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(Civil_War)" class="mw-redirect" title="Border states (Civil War)">border state</a> has led it to exhibit characteristics of both the <a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern</a> regions of the United States. Generally, rural <a href="/wiki/Western_Maryland" title="Western Maryland">Western Maryland</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Panhandle_of_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia">West Virginian Panhandle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> has an <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachian</a> culture; the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Maryland" title="Southern Maryland">Southern</a> and Eastern Shore regions of Maryland embody a <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Culture of the Southern United States">Southern culture</a>,<a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a> while densely populated Central Maryland – radiating outward from <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> – has more in common with that of the <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeast</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a> The U.S. Census Bureau designates Maryland as one of the <a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_States" class="mw-redirect" title="South Atlantic States">South Atlantic States</a>, but it is commonly associated with the <a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-Atlantic States">Mid-Atlantic States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a> by other federal agencies, the media, and some residents.<a href="#cite_note-LOC-103">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-EPA-104">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-FBI-105">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-amtrak-106">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-princeton-107">[105]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">HUD</a>'s 2022 <a href="/wiki/Annual_Homeless_Assessment_Report_to_Congress" title="Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress">Annual Homeless Assessment Report</a>, there were an estimated 5,349 <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homeless</a> people in Maryland.<a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birth_data">Birth data</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Birth data">edit</a>]</div> As of 2011, 58.0 percent of Maryland's population younger than age 1 were minority background.<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a> Note: Births in the table do not add up because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>Live births by single race/ethnicity of mother </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Race</a> </th> <th>2013<a href="#cite_note-111">[109]</a> </th> <th>2014<a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a> </th> <th>2015<a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a> </th> <th>2016<a href="#cite_note-114">[112]</a> </th> <th>2017<a href="#cite_note-115">[113]</a> </th> <th>2018<a href="#cite_note-116">[114]</a> </th> <th>2019<a href="#cite_note-117">[115]</a> </th> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-118">[116]</a> </th> <th>2021<a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> </th> <th>2022<a href="#cite_note-120">[118]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a>: </td> <td>41,474 (57.6%) </td> <td>42,525 (57.5%) </td> <td>42,471 (57.7%) </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td> <td>... </td></tr> <tr> <td>> <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic White</a> </td> <td>32,568 (45.2%) </td> <td>33,178 (44.9%) </td> <td>32,412 (44.0%) </td> <td>31,278 (42.8%) </td> <td>29,809 (41.6%) </td> <td>29,585 (41.6%) </td> <td>28,846 (41.1%) </td> <td>28,060 (40.9%) </td> <td>28,193 (41.3%) </td> <td>27,333 (39.7%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> </td> <td>24,764 (34.4%) </td> <td>25,339 (34.3%) </td> <td>25,017 (34.0%) </td> <td>22,829 (31.2%) </td> <td>22,327 (31.1%) </td> <td>21,893 (30.8%) </td> <td>21,494 (30.6%) </td> <td>20,869 (30.4%) </td> <td>20,449 (29.9%) </td> <td>20,438 (29.7%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td>5,415 (7.5%) </td> <td>5,797 (7.8%) </td> <td>5,849 (7.9%) </td> <td>5,282 (7.2%) </td> <td>5,276 (7.3%) </td> <td>4,928 (6.9%) </td> <td>4,928 (7.0%) </td> <td>4,595 (6.7%) </td> <td>4,431 (6.5%) </td> <td>4,480 (6.5%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> </td> <td>300 (0.4%) </td> <td>260 (0.3%) </td> <td>279 (0.4%) </td> <td>104 (0.1%) </td> <td>127 (0.2%) </td> <td>114 (0.2%) </td> <td>113 (0.2%) </td> <td>79 (0.1%) </td> <td>83 (0.1%) </td> <td>113 (0.2%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a> (of any race) </td> <td>10,515 (14.6%) </td> <td>10,974 (14.8%) </td> <td>11,750 (16.0%) </td> <td>11,872 (16.2%) </td> <td>12,223 (17.1%) </td> <td>12,470 (17.5%) </td> <td>12,872 (18.3%) </td> <td>13,034 (19.0%) </td> <td>13,164 (19.3%) </td> <td>14,398 (20.9%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total Maryland </td> <td>71,953 (100%) </td> <td>73,921 (100%) </td> <td>73,616 (100%) </td> <td>73,136 (100%) </td> <td>71,641 (100%) </td> <td>71,080 (100%) </td> <td>70,178 (100%) </td> <td>68,554 (100%) </td> <td>68,285 (100%) </td> <td>68,782 (100%) </td></tr></tbody></table> Since 2016, data for births of <a href="/wiki/White_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="White Hispanic and Latino Americans">White Hispanic</a> origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. <table class="wikitable floatright"> <caption>Country of birth (2022)<a href="#cite_note-121">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[120]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Birthplace</th> <th>Population </th></tr> <tr> <td>United States</td> <td>4,999,873 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></td> <td>105,778 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td>60,535 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td>43,499 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></td> <td>39,185 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></td> <td>38,222 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td> <td>37,020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td>34,091 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></td> <td>33,833 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></td> <td>28,554 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></td> <td>26,068 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></td> <td>21,991 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></td> <td>19,934 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></td> <td>19,082 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td>17,414 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td>16,386 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> </td> <td>14,722 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a> </td> <td>13,880 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td> <td>8,646-25,000<a href="#cite_note-123">[c]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language_and_ancestry">Language and ancestry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Language and ancestry">edit</a>]</div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#9400D3; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 126.76746135478px; border-left-color:#E94196"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#E94196"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#E94196"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 121.81132965259px; border-left-color:#00FFFF"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#00FFFF"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#00FFFF"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 84.974339496826px; border-left-color:#122"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#122"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#122"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 84.542459079742px; border-left-color:#928"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#928"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#928"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 81.884032469272px; border-left-color:#1A9"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#1A9"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#1A9"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 29.5302455857px; border-left-color:#36A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#36A"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#36A"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 8841.56428855px 100px 0; border-right-color:#6A5"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#6A5"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Racial makeup of Maryland excluding Hispanics from racial categories (2019)<a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a> NH = Non-Hispanic <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  White NH (49.82%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Black NH (29.75%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Asian NH (6.35%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Native American NH (0.25%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Pacific Islander NH (0.04%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Two or more races NH (2.85%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Other NH (0.31%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Hispanic Any Race (10.64%)</div> </div> </div></div> As of 2016, the most spoken languages in Maryland other than English were <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> (9%), <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> (1.2%), West African languages (mostly <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a>, 1%), <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (1%), <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a> (0.7%), <a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afro-Asiatic languages</a> (mostly <a href="/wiki/Amharic" title="Amharic">Amharic</a>, 0.6% and <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, 0.4%), and <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a> (0.6%). Other languages with a large number of speakers in Maryland include <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> (0.4%), <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> (0.4%), <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a> (0.2%), and <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> (0.2%).<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption>Racial breakdown of population of Maryland </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Racial composition</th> <th>1970<a href="#cite_note-census-127">[124]</a></th> <th>1990<a href="#cite_note-census-127">[124]</a></th> <th>2000<a href="#cite_note-128">[125]</a></th> <th>2010<a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> </th> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-census.gov-130">[127]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">White</a></td> <td>81.5%</td> <td>71.0%</td> <td>64.0%</td> <td>60.8% </td> <td>58.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a></td> <td>17.8%</td> <td>24.9%</td> <td>27.9%</td> <td>29.8% </td> <td>31.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>2.9%</td> <td>4.0%</td> <td>5.5% </td> <td>6.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a></td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</a></td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.9%</td> <td>1.8%</td> <td>3.6% </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Two or more races</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>2.0%</td> <td>2.9% </td> <td>2.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic whites</a></td> <td>80.4%</td> <td>69.6%</td> <td>62.1%</td> <td>54.7% </td> <td>50.0% </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png/220px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png/330px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png/440px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Maryland.png 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic origins in Maryland</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maryland_Counties_by_race_(2020_census).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maryland_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg/241px-Maryland_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="241" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maryland_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg/362px-Maryland_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maryland_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg/482px-Maryland_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="224" data-file-height="119" /></a><figcaption>Map of counties in Maryland by racial plurality, according to <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 U.S. census</a> findings <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> Non-Hispanic White <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  40–50%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  50–60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  70–80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  80–90%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  90%+</div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> Black or African American <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  50–60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  60–70%</div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></figcaption></figure> In 1970, the U.S. Census Bureau reported Maryland's population as 17.8 percent African-American and 80.4 percent non-Hispanic White.<a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a> In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">non-Hispanic white Americans</a> were 49.8% of Maryland's population (<a href="/wiki/White_Americans_in_Maryland" title="White Americans in Maryland">White Americans</a>, including <a href="/wiki/White_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="White Hispanic and Latino Americans">White Hispanics</a>, were 57.3%), which made Maryland a <a href="/wiki/Majority_minority" title="Majority minority">majority minority</a> state.<a href="#cite_note-132">[129]</a> 50.2% of Maryland's population is non-white, or is Hispanic or Latino, the highest percentage of any state on the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a>, and the highest percentage after the majority-minority states of <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> By 2031, minorities are projected to become the majority of voting eligible residents of Maryland.<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> Maryland's multiculturalism and diversity can be explained by its historically large African American population, and immigration brought by the importance of the D.C. and Baltimore areas, especially from Central America, Africa, the Caribbean, and Asia. <a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Maryland" title="African Americans in Maryland">African Americans</a> form a sizable portion of the state's population, 31.1% as of 2020.<a href="#cite_note-census.gov-130">[127]</a> Most are descendants of people transported to the area as slaves from West Africa. Concentrations of African Americans live in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_County,_Maryland" title="Charles County, Maryland">Charles County</a>, western parts of <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County,_Maryland" title="Baltimore County, Maryland">Baltimore County</a>, and the southern Eastern Shore. Charles County and Prince George's County are the two counties where African Americans are the most successful monetarily in the country, with average household incomes much higher than in the rest of the country. As a former slave state, Maryland has had a large African-American population for much of its history; African American populations have increased over time with the <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a> to the D.C. and Baltimore areas, and in more recent times with the <a href="/wiki/New_Great_Migration" title="New Great Migration">New Great Migration</a> and with movement out from Washington D.C. into Montgomery, Prince George's, and Charles counties, as a result of gentrification and rising housing costs in D.C. causing many African Americans to leave. Prince George's County in particular has been a magnet for African Americans from D.C. to move to for decades; it is often referred to as "Ward 9" of D.C. Maryland has by far the highest percentage of residents born in Africa out of any state; residents of African descent include 20th-century and later immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian American">Nigeria</a>, particularly of the <a href="/wiki/Igbo_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Igbo American">Igbo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_people" title="Yoruba people">Yoruba</a> tribes; <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Amhara_people" title="Amhara people">Amharas</a> with significant <a href="/wiki/Oromo_people" title="Oromo people">Oromo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tigrayans" title="Tigrayans">Tigrayan</a> populations; <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>.<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a> Maryland also hosts populations from other African and <a href="/wiki/West_Indian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="West Indian American">Caribbean</a> nations. Maryland's African immigrant population is generally well-educated and is most concentrated in the inner suburbs of Baltimore and D.C. Nigerians are the fourth-largest immigrant group in Maryland, and are largely concentrated in the Baltimore area and surrounding suburbs, as well as Prince George's county. Many immigrants from the <a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, have settled in Maryland, with large communities in the suburbs of Washington, D.C., particularly in Montgomery and Prince George's counties. The <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a> has the world's largest population of <a href="/wiki/Ethiopians_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Ethiopians in Washington, D.C.">Ethiopians</a> outside of Ethiopia.<a href="#cite_note-Westley-136">[133]</a> The Ethiopian community of Greater D.C. was historically based in the <a href="/wiki/Adams_Morgan" title="Adams Morgan">Adams Morgan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shaw,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Shaw, Washington, D.C.">Shaw</a> neighborhoods of Washington, D.C., but as the community has grown, many Ethiopians have settled in <a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring,_Maryland" title="Silver Spring, Maryland">Silver Spring</a>.<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> The Ethiopian American population in Maryland and the rest of the D.C. area is largely <a href="/wiki/Amharic" title="Amharic">Amharic</a>-speaking, but there are significant numbers of speakers of <a href="/wiki/Oromo_language" title="Oromo language">Oromo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tigrinya_language" title="Tigrinya language">Tigrinya</a> speakers as well. The Washington metropolitan area is also home to a large <a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Americans" title="Eritrean Americans">Eritrean</a> community. The top reported ancestries by Maryland residents are: <a href="/wiki/German_American" class="mw-redirect" title="German American">German</a> (15%), <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a> (11%), <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a> (8%), <a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">American</a> (7%), <a href="/wiki/Italian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian American">Italian</a> (6%), and <a href="/wiki/Polish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish American">Polish</a> (3%).<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a> <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish American</a> populations can be found <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Irish_in_Baltimore" title="History of the Irish in Baltimore">throughout the Baltimore area</a>,<a href="#cite_note-teaching.msa.maryland.gov-139">[136]</a> and the Northern and Eastern suburbs of Washington, D.C., in Maryland, who were descendants of those who moved out to the suburbs<a href="#cite_note-abcswamp-140">[137]</a> of Washington, D.C.'s once predominantly Irish neighborhoods<a href="#cite_note-abcswamp-140">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-141">[138]</a>), as well as Western Maryland, where Irish immigrant laborers helped to build the B&O Railroad.<a href="#cite_note-teaching.msa.maryland.gov-139">[136]</a> Smaller but much older Irish populations can be found in Southern Maryland, with some roots dating as far back as the early Maryland colony.<a href="#cite_note-142">[139]</a> This population, however, still remains culturally very active and yearly festivals are held.<a href="#cite_note-143">[140]</a> A large percentage of the population of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Maryland" title="Southern Maryland">Southern Maryland</a> are descendants of <a href="/wiki/British_American" class="mw-redirect" title="British American">British American</a> ancestry. The Eastern Shore was settled by Protestants, chiefly <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> and the southern counties were initially settled by English Catholics. Western and northern Maryland have large <a href="/wiki/German-American" class="mw-redirect" title="German-American">German-American</a> populations. More recent European immigrants of the late 19th and early 20th century settled first in Baltimore, attracted to its industrial jobs. These groups were largely of <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Baltimore" title="History of the Jews in Baltimore">Jewish</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Italians_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Italians in Baltimore">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Greeks_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Greeks in Baltimore">Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Poles_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Poles in Baltimore">Polish</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Czechs_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Czechs in Baltimore">Czech</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Lithuanians_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Lithuanians in Baltimore">Lithuanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Russians_in_Baltimore" title="History of Russians in Baltimore">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Ukrainians_in_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Ukrainians in Baltimore">Ukrainian</a> descent. The Greek community includes a number of <a href="/wiki/Greek_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Jews">Greek Jews</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a> These <a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern European</a> immigrants were largely concentrated in Southeast Baltimore and significantly influenced the unique culture of the city; although many have moved out into surrounding areas of Baltimore County due to gentrification, the city retains the culture and influence of these immigrants, and cultural events celebrating these communities are common in Baltimore. Maryland has had a significant <a href="/wiki/American_Jews" title="American Jews">Jewish American</a> presence since the early 20th century, with large numbers of Jewish immigrants to the Baltimore area, followed by Jewish migration to the Washington D.C. area; Maryland has the fifth-highest percentage of Jewish residents in the country (including Washington D.C.), with 239,000 Jews making up four percent of the population, and the <a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore_combined_statistical_area" title="Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area">Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area</a>, which has the seventh-largest number of Jews of any combined metropolitan area in the country, with a Jewish population estimated at 300,000.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The shares of European immigrants born in Eastern Europe increased significantly between 1990 and 2010. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia, many immigrants from Eastern Europe came to the United States—12 percent of whom currently reside in Maryland.<a href="#cite_note-145">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[143]</a> Hispanic immigrants of the later 20th century have settled in <a href="/wiki/Aspen_Hill,_Maryland" title="Aspen Hill, Maryland">Aspen Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyattsville,_Maryland" title="Hyattsville, Maryland">Hyattsville</a>/<a href="/wiki/Langley_Park,_Maryland" title="Langley Park, Maryland">Langley Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenmont,_Maryland" title="Glenmont, Maryland">Glenmont</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wheaton,_Maryland" title="Wheaton, Maryland">Wheaton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bladensburg,_Maryland" title="Bladensburg, Maryland">Bladensburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riverdale_Park,_Maryland" title="Riverdale Park, Maryland">Riverdale Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg,_Maryland" title="Gaithersburg, Maryland">Gaithersburg</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Highlandtown,_Baltimore" title="Highlandtown, Baltimore">Highlandtown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greektown,_Baltimore" title="Greektown, Baltimore">Greektown</a> in East Baltimore. Maryland has the highest percentage of residents of <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central American</a> origin of any state.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvadoran American">Salvadorans</a> are the largest Hispanic group in Maryland, and Maryland has the largest percentage of Salvadoran residents of any state.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The D.C. area also has the highest percentage of Salvadorans of any American metro area, who are particularly concentrated in Prince George's and Montgomery counties, and has the second-highest total number of Salvadorans after the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles area</a>. Other Hispanic groups with significant populations in the state include <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexicans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guatemalans" title="Guatemalans">Guatemalans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honduran_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Honduran American">Hondurans</a>, <a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="People of the Dominican Republic">Dominicans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peruvians" title="Peruvians">Peruvians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans" title="Puerto Ricans">Puerto Ricans</a>, along with growing populations of <a href="/wiki/Brazilians" title="Brazilians">Brazilians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombians" title="Colombians">Colombians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecuadorians" title="Ecuadorians">Ecuadorians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bolivians" title="Bolivians">Bolivians</a>. Maryland's Hispanic population is especially concentrated in Montgomery County and Prince George's County, with other large populations in the Baltimore area and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_County,_Maryland" title="Frederick County, Maryland">Frederick County</a>. Maryland has one of the most diverse Hispanic populations in the country, with significant populations from various <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Caribbean" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Caribbean">Caribbean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central American</a> nations.<a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a> Caribbean Americans have a significant presence in Maryland, especially <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Americans" title="Jamaican Americans">Jamaican Americans</a>, who make up 0.6% of the population and have had a significant presence and influence in Maryland's politics and culture; Maryland's current governor, <a href="/wiki/Wes_Moore" title="Wes Moore">Wes Moore</a>, is the son of a Jamaican immigrant mother. Other Caribbean American nationalities with a large population in Maryland include <a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="People of the Dominican Republic">Dominicans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haitians" title="Haitians">Haitians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinidadians_and_Tobagonians" title="Trinidadians and Tobagonians">Trinidadians and Tobagonians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Guyanese_people" title="Guyanese people">Guyanese</a>. Caribbean Americans are most concentrated in Prince George's County, the city of Baltimore, and Baltimore County. Asian Americans are concentrated in the suburban counties surrounding Washington, D.C., and in Baltimore suburbs, especially <a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland" title="Howard County, Maryland">Howard County</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans" title="Chinese Americans">Chinese American</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean American">Korean American</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese American">Taiwanese American</a> communities in <a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg,_Maryland" title="Gaithersburg, Maryland">Gaithersburg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Maryland" title="Germantown, Maryland">Germantown</a>. Chinese in particular form the second largest group of Asian Americans, and are the largest group in Montgomery County.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Maryland also has a large Korean American population, especially in Howard County, where there is a <a href="/wiki/Koreatown" title="Koreatown">Koreatown</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ellicott_City,_Maryland" title="Ellicott City, Maryland">Ellicott City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/Filipino_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino American">Filipino Americans</a>, the largest group of Southeast Asians, form major communities in Montgomery, Prince George's, and Charles counties; other large groups of Southeast Asians include Vietnamese, who are concentrated in Montgomery County, and Burmese, who are concentrated in Frederick, Howard, and Baltimore Counties.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Maryland has a very large and diverse <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Americans" title="South Asian Americans">South Asian American</a> population that has had a major presence in the state since the 1970s. <a href="/wiki/Indian_Americans" title="Indian Americans">Indian Americans</a> are the largest Asian group in Maryland, making up 1.7 percent of the population, and live throughout the state, especially in <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland" title="Howard County, Maryland">Howard</a> counties, with large numbers in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County,_Maryland" title="Baltimore County, Maryland">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_County,_Maryland" title="Frederick County, Maryland">Frederick</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's</a> counties.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The Indian American population is culturally and linguistically diverse, with the Indian languages spoken most being <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] There are also large <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Americans" title="Pakistani Americans">Pakistani American</a> populations throughout the D.C. and Baltimore areas, especially in Baltimore County and Howard County, and a large <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Americans" title="Bangladeshi Americans">Bangladeshi American</a> community in the D.C. area.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Maryland has one of the largest populations of <a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Americans" title="Nepalese Americans">Nepali Americans</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_Americans" title="Bhutanese Americans">Bhutanese Americans</a> of Nepali descent, in the U.S., many of whom are recent immigrants or refugees who sought asylum after <a href="/wiki/Lhotshampa" title="Lhotshampa">expulsion from Bhutan</a> or the <a href="/wiki/April_2015_Nepal_earthquake" title="April 2015 Nepal earthquake">2015 Nepal earthquake</a>; there are an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 Nepalis in Maryland, concentrated in the Baltimore area with significant populations in the D.C. area.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The first Nepali American elected to a state legislature, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Bhandari" title="Harry Bhandari">Harry Bhandari</a>, was elected in Maryland, representing part of Baltimore County.<a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a> There are three <a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">state-recognized tribes</a>, and in 2020, 31,845 identified as being Native American alone, and 96,805 did in combination with one or more other races.<a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> Attracting educated Asians and Africans to the professional jobs in the region, Maryland has the fifth-largest proportions of racial minorities in the country.<a href="#cite_note-153">[150]</a> In 2006, 645,744 were counted as foreign born, which represents mainly people from Latin America and Asia. About four percent are <a href="/wiki/Undocumented_immigrants" class="mw-redirect" title="Undocumented immigrants">undocumented immigrants</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> According to The Williams Institute's analysis of the 2010 U.S. census, 12,538 same-sex couples are living in Maryland, representing 5.8 same-sex couples per 1,000 households.<a href="#cite_note-freedomtomarry.org-155">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BasilicaExterior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BasilicaExterior.jpg/220px-BasilicaExterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BasilicaExterior.jpg/330px-BasilicaExterior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BasilicaExterior.jpg/440px-BasilicaExterior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_National_Shrine_of_the_Assumption_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Baltimore Basilica</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> built in the U.S.</figcaption></figure> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Maryland (2014)<a href="#cite_note-Pew_Religion_and_Politics-156">[153]</a></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">religion</td> <td style="width:; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:purple; width:52%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">52%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">None</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:23%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">23%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Dodgerblue; width:15%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">15%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other faiths</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:gray; width:2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:yellow; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:orange; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormon</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Orthodox Christian</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:cyan; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> Maryland has been historically prominent to <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">American Catholic tradition</a> because the English <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony of Maryland">colony of Maryland</a> was intended by <a href="/wiki/George_Calvert" class="mw-redirect" title="George Calvert">George Calvert</a> as a haven for English Catholics. Baltimore was the seat of the first Catholic bishop in the U.S. (1789), and <a href="/wiki/Emmitsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmitsburg">Emmitsburg</a> was the home and burial place of the first American-born citizen to be <a href="/wiki/Canonized" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonized">canonized</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Elizabeth_Ann_Seton" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Elizabeth Ann Seton">St. Elizabeth Ann Seton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a>, the first Catholic University, was founded in 1789 in what was then part of Maryland; it became a part of the District of Columbia when it was created in the 1790s. The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_National_Shrine_of_the_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary">Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary</a> in Baltimore was the first Roman Catholic cathedral built in the United States, and the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Baltimore" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Baltimore">Archbishop of Baltimore</a> is, albeit without formal primacy, the United States' quasi-<a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">primate</a>,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] and often a cardinal. Among the immigrants of the 19th and 20th centuries from eastern and southern Europe were many Catholics. Despite its historic relevance to the Catholic Church in the United States, the percentage of Catholics in the state of Maryland is below the national average of 20%. Demographically, both Protestants and those identifying with no religion are more numerous than Catholics. According to the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> in 2014, 69 percent of Maryland's population identifies themselves as <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>. Nearly 52% of the adult population are <a href="/wiki/Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestants">Protestants</a>.<a href="#cite_note-157">[d]</a> Following Protestantism, <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> is the second largest religious affiliation, comprising 15% percent of the population.<a href="#cite_note-Pew_Religion_and_Politics-156">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-www.thearda.com-158">[154]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mennonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Mennonite">Mennonite</a> communities are found in <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_County,_Maryland" title="St. Mary's County, Maryland">St. Mary's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cecil_County,_Maryland" title="Cecil County, Maryland">Cecil</a> counties.<a href="#cite_note-amishamerica-159">[155]</a> <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> is the largest non-Christian religion in Maryland, with 241,000 adherents, or four percent of the total population.<a href="#cite_note-160">[156]</a> <a href="/wiki/American_Jews" title="American Jews">Jews</a> are numerous throughout <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery County</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Pikesville,_Maryland" title="Pikesville, Maryland">Pikesville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Owings_Mills" class="mw-redirect" title="Owings Mills">Owings Mills</a> northwest of Baltimore. An estimated 81,500 Jewish Americans live in Montgomery County, constituting approximately 10% of the total population.<a href="#cite_note-161">[157]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a>'s world headquarters and <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a> Muslims' national headquarters are located in <a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring,_Maryland" title="Silver Spring, Maryland">Silver Spring</a>, just outside <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> Per the <a href="/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a> in 2020, 61 percent of Maryland's population identified with Christianity.<a href="#cite_note-162">[158]</a> Protestantism and Roman Catholicism continued to dominate the Christian landscape, and the Jewish community remained at 3% of the total religious population. Of the unaffiliated, the PRRI study determined their increase to 28% of the population. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_population">LGBT population</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: LGBT population">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Maryland">LGBT rights in Maryland</a></div> Maryland has one of the highest percentages of LGBT people in its populace out of any state; 5.7% of Marylanders identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer, the highest of any state. (Washington, D.C. ranks higher with a LGBT population of 8.6%.) Maryland ranks as one of the best states in the nation for rights of the LGBT community, with protections against discrimination enacted since 2001 for sexuality and 2014 for gender, same-sex marriage legalization in 2013, bans on conversion therapy enacted in 2018, abolition of the gay panic defense in 2021, and issuance in 2023 of an executive order protecting the rights of transgender individuals. In 2020, Montgomery County unanimously passed an ordinance implementing an LGBTIQ+ bill of rights. The first person known to describe himself as a <a href="/wiki/Drag_queen" title="Drag queen">drag queen</a> was <a href="/wiki/William_Dorsey_Swann" title="William Dorsey Swann">William Dorsey Swann</a>, born enslaved in Hancock, Maryland. Swann was the first American on record who pursued legal and political action to defend the <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_community" title="LGBTQ community">LGBTQ community</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Right_to_assemble" class="mw-redirect" title="Right to assemble">right to assemble</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:6-163">[159]</a> In February 2010, Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Doug_Gansler" title="Doug Gansler">Doug Gansler</a> issued an opinion stating that Maryland law should honor <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriages</a> from out of state. At the time, the state Supreme Court wrote a decision upholding marriage discrimination.<a href="#cite_note-freedomtomarry.org-155">[152]</a> On March 1, 2012, Maryland Governor <a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Malley" title="Martin O'Malley">Martin O'Malley</a> signed the freedom to marry bill into law after it passed in the state legislature. Opponents of same-sex marriage began collecting signatures to overturn the law, which faced a referendum, as Question 6, in the November 2012 election.<a href="#cite_note-freedomtomarry.org-155">[152]</a> A January 2011 Gonzales Research & Marketing Strategies poll showed 51% support for marriage in the state.<a href="#cite_note-164">[160]</a> In May 2012, Maryland's Court of Appeals ruled that the state will recognize marriages of same-sex couples who married out-of-state, no matter the outcome of the November election.<a href="#cite_note-freedomtomarry.org-155">[152]</a> Voters upheld the bill, passing Question 6 with 52% to 48% on November 6, 2012. Same-sex couples began marrying in Maryland on January 1, 2013.<a href="#cite_note-freedomtomarry.org-155">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Business_in_Maryland" title="Business in Maryland">Business in Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_installations_in_Maryland" title="List of federal installations in Maryland">List of federal installations in Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Maryland" title="List of shopping malls in Maryland">List of shopping malls in Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maryland_locations_by_per_capita_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland locations by per capita income">Maryland locations by per capita income</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png/220px-Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png/330px-Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png/440px-Geo_Map_of_Median_Income_by_Location_in_Maryland.png 2x" data-file-width="1208" data-file-height="882" /></a><figcaption>A map showing Maryland's median income by county. Data is sourced from the 2014 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">ACS</a> five-year estimate report, published by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Economic_Analysis" title="Bureau of Economic Analysis">Bureau of Economic Analysis</a> estimates that Maryland's gross state product in 2016 was $382.4 billion.<a href="#cite_note-165">[161]</a> However, Maryland has been using <a href="/wiki/Genuine_Progress_Indicator" class="mw-redirect" title="Genuine Progress Indicator">Genuine Progress Indicator</a>, an indicator of well-being, to guide the state's development, rather than relying only on growth indicators like GDP.<a href="#cite_note-166">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[163]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a>, Maryland households are currently the wealthiest in the country, with a 2013 median household income of $72,483,<a href="#cite_note-168">[164]</a> which puts it ahead of <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, which are second and third respectively. Two of Maryland's counties, Howard and Montgomery, are the second and eleventh <a href="/wiki/Highest-income_counties_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Highest-income counties in the United States">wealthiest counties in the nation</a> respectively. Maryland has the most millionaires per capita in 2013, with a ratio of 7.7 percent.<a href="#cite_note-169">[165]</a> Also, the state's poverty rate of 7.8 percent is the lowest in the country.<a href="#cite_note-170">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_personal_income_in_the_United_States" title="Per capita personal income in the United States">Per capita personal income</a> in 2006 was $43,500, fifth in the nation. As of March 2022, the state's unemployment rate was 4.6 percent.<a href="#cite_note-173">[169]</a> Maryland's economy benefits from the state's proximity to the federal government in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, with an emphasis on technical and administrative tasks for the defense/aerospace industry and bio-research laboratories, as well as staffing of satellite government headquarters in the suburban or exurban Baltimore/Washington area. Ft. Meade serves as the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Defense_Information_Systems_Agency" title="Defense Information Systems Agency">Defense Information Systems Agency</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cyber_Command" title="United States Cyber Command">United States Cyber Command</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a>/<a href="/wiki/Central_Security_Service" title="Central Security Service">Central Security Service</a>. In addition, a number of educational and medical research institutions are located in the state. In fact, the various components of The <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a> and its medical research facilities are now the largest single employer in the Baltimore area.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Altogether, <a href="/wiki/White-collar_worker" title="White-collar worker">white collar</a> technical and administrative workers comprise 25 percent of Maryland's <a href="/wiki/Labor_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor force">labor force</a>,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] attributable in part to nearby Maryland being a part of the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Metro Area">Washington Metro Area</a> where the federal government office employment is relatively high. Manufacturing, while large in dollar value, is highly diversified with no sub-sector contributing over 20 percent of the total. Typical forms of manufacturing include electronics, computer equipment, and chemicals. The once-mighty primary metals sub-sector, which once included what was then the largest steel factory in the world at <a href="/wiki/Sparrows_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Sparrows Point">Sparrows Point</a>, still exists, but is pressed with foreign competition, <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Merger" class="mw-redirect" title="Merger">mergers</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] During World War II, the Glenn Martin Company (now part of <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a>) airplane factory employed some 40,000 people. Mining other than construction materials is virtually limited to coal, which is located in the mountainous western part of the state. The brownstone quarries in the east, which gave Baltimore and Washington much of their characteristic architecture in the mid-19th century, were once a predominant natural resource. Historically, there used to be small gold-mining operations in Maryland, some near Washington, but these no longer exist. In 2022, the top private employers by number of employees were <a href="/wiki/BYK_Additives_%26_Instruments" title="BYK Additives & Instruments">BYK Gardner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clean_Harbors" title="Clean Harbors">Clean Harbors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Cross_Hospital_(Silver_Spring)" title="Holy Cross Hospital (Silver Spring)">Holy Cross Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Bayview_Medical_Center" title="Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center">Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Applied_Physics_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory">Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_School_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine">Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland">Maryland Neuroimaging Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_System_of_Maryland" title="University System of Maryland">University of Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_Medical_Center" title="University of Maryland Medical Center">University of Maryland Medical Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Port_of_Baltimore">Port of Baltimore</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Port of Baltimore">edit</a>]</div> One major service activity is transportation, centered on the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Baltimore" title="Port of Baltimore">Port of Baltimore</a> and its related <a href="/wiki/Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Railroad">rail</a> and trucking access. The port ranked 17th in the U.S. by tonnage in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a> Although the port handles a wide variety of products, the most typical imports are raw materials and bulk commodities, such as <a href="/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron ore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertilizers</a>, often distributed to the relatively close manufacturing centers of the inland <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a> via good overland transportation. The port also receives several brands of imported motor vehicles and is the number one auto port in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-176">[172]</a> Baltimore City is among the top 15 largest ports in the nation,<a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> and was one of six major U.S. ports that were part of the February 2006 <a href="/wiki/Dubai_Ports_World_controversy" title="Dubai Ports World controversy">controversy</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Dubai_Ports_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubai Ports World">Dubai Ports World</a> deal.<a href="#cite_note-178">[174]</a> The state as a whole is heavily industrialized, with a booming economy and influential technology centers. Its computer industries are some of the most sophisticated in the United States, and the federal government has invested heavily in the area. Maryland is home to several large military bases and scores of high-level government jobs. The <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_and_Delaware_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Chesapeake and Delaware Canal">Chesapeake and Delaware Canal</a> is a 14 miles (23 km) <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canal</a> on the Eastern Shore that connects the waters of the Delaware River with those of the Chesapeake Bay, and in particular with the Port of Baltimore, carrying 40 percent of the port's ship traffic.<a href="#cite_note-179">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fishing">Fishing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Fishing">edit</a>]</div> Maryland has a large food-production sector. A large component of this is commercial <a href="/wiki/List_of_freshwater_fishes_of_Maryland" title="List of freshwater fishes of Maryland">fishing</a>, centered in the Chesapeake Bay, but also including activity off the short Atlantic seacoast. The largest catches by species are the <a href="/wiki/Callinectes_sapidus" title="Callinectes sapidus">blue crab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oysters" class="mw-redirect" title="Oysters">oysters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Striped_bass" title="Striped bass">striped bass</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Menhaden" title="Menhaden">menhaden</a>. The Bay also has overwintering waterfowl in its wildlife refuges. The waterfowl support a <a href="/wiki/Birdwatching" title="Birdwatching">tourism sector of sportsmen</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Agriculture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Maryland" title="Agriculture in Maryland">Agriculture in Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CarrollCountyMD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CarrollCountyMD.jpg/220px-CarrollCountyMD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/CarrollCountyMD.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="220" /></a><figcaption>Agriculture is an important part of Maryland's economy.</figcaption></figure> Maryland has large areas of fertile agricultural land in its coastal and <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Piedmont Plateau">Piedmont</a> zones, though this land use is being encroached upon by urbanization. Agriculture is oriented to dairy farming (especially in foothill and piedmont areas) for nearby large city milksheads, plus specialty perishable horticulture crops, such as <a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">cucumbers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Watermelon" title="Watermelon">watermelons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweet_corn" title="Sweet corn">sweet corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">tomatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cucumis_melo" title="Cucumis melo">melons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squash_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squash (fruit)">squash</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peas" class="mw-redirect" title="Peas">peas</a> (Source:USDA Crop Profiles). The southern counties of the western shoreline of Chesapeake Bay are warm enough to support a <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> <a href="/wiki/Cash_crop" title="Cash crop">cash crop</a> zone, which has existed since early Colonial times, but declined greatly after a state government buy-out in the 1990s. There is also a large automated <a href="/wiki/Chicken" title="Chicken">chicken</a>-farming sector in the state's southeastern part; <a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">Salisbury</a> is home to <a href="/wiki/Perdue_Farms" title="Perdue Farms">Perdue Farms</a>. Maryland's food-processing plants are the most significant type of manufacturing by value in the state. Farming suffers from weeds as anywhere else, including an unusual <a href="/wiki/Multiple_herbicide_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple herbicide resistance">multiply resistant</a> ragweed (<a href="/wiki/Ambrosia_artemisiifolia" title="Ambrosia artemisiifolia">Ambrosia artemisiifolia</a>) found by Rousonelos et al., 2012 with both <a href="/wiki/ALS_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="ALS resistance">ALS-</a> and <a href="/wiki/PPO_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="PPO resistance">PPO</a>-resistances<a href="#cite_note-Rousonelos-et-al-2012-180">[176]</a> and which by 2016 had developed a third, <a href="/wiki/EPSP_resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="EPSP resistance">EPSP resistance</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Heap-2022-181">[177]</a> This ragweed population is a drag on <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybean</a> cultivation and, as of May 7, 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit">[update]</a>, is the worst multiresistant weed problem in the state.<a href="#cite_note-Heap-2022-181">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Biotechnology">edit</a>]</div> Maryland is a major center for <a href="/wiki/Life_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Life sciences">life sciences</a> research and development. With more than 400 biotechnology companies located there, Maryland is the fourth largest nexus in this field in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-182">[178]</a> Institutions and government agencies with an interest in research and development located in Maryland include the <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Applied_Physics_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory">Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory</a>, more than one campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_System_of_Maryland" title="University System of Maryland">University System of Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goddard_Space_Flight_Center" title="Goddard Space Flight Center">Goddard Space Flight Center</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a> (NIH), the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a> (NIST), the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health" title="National Institute of Mental Health">National Institute of Mental Health</a> (NIMH), the <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_National_Military_Medical_Center" title="Walter Reed National Military Medical Center">Walter Reed National Military Medical Center</a>, the federal <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA), the <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes_Medical_Institute" title="Howard Hughes Medical Institute">Howard Hughes Medical Institute</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Celera_Genomics" class="mw-redirect" title="Celera Genomics">Celera Genomics</a> company, the <a href="/wiki/J._Craig_Venter_Institute" title="J. Craig Venter Institute">J. Craig Venter Institute</a> (JCVI), and <a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a>). Maryland is home to defense contractor <a href="/wiki/Emergent_BioSolutions" title="Emergent BioSolutions">Emergent BioSolutions</a>, which manufactures and provides an <a href="/wiki/Anthrax_vaccine" title="Anthrax vaccine">anthrax vaccine</a> to U.S. government military personnel.<a href="#cite_note-183">[179]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Maryland" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Maryland">List of National Historic Landmarks in Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg/220px-Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg/330px-Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg/440px-Ocean_City_MD_beach_looking_north_at_25th_Street.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ocean_City,_Maryland" title="Ocean City, Maryland">Ocean City</a>, a beach resort along the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> and a popular tourist destination in Maryland</figcaption></figure> Tourism is popular in Maryland. Many tourists visit Baltimore, the beaches of the Eastern Shore, and the nature of western Maryland. Attractions in Baltimore include the <a href="/wiki/Harborplace" title="Harborplace">Harborplace</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Aquarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Aquarium">Baltimore Aquarium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_McHenry" title="Fort McHenry">Fort McHenry</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Camden_Yards" class="mw-redirect" title="Camden Yards">Camden Yards</a> baseball stadium. <a href="/wiki/Ocean_City,_Maryland" title="Ocean City, Maryland">Ocean City</a> on the Atlantic Coast has been a popular beach destination in summer, particularly since the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge" title="Chesapeake Bay Bridge">Chesapeake Bay Bridge</a> was built in 1952 connecting the Eastern Shore to the more populated Maryland cities.<a href="#cite_note-baybridge.com-history-50">[48]</a> The state capital of <a href="/wiki/Annapolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Annapolis">Annapolis</a> offers sites such as the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_House" title="Maryland State House">state capitol building</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Annapolis_Historic_District" title="Colonial Annapolis Historic District">historic district</a>, and the waterfront. Maryland also has several sites of interest to military history, given Maryland's role in the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Maryland in the American Civil War">American Civil War</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baltimore" title="Battle of Baltimore">War of 1812</a>. Other attractions include the historic and picturesque towns along the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_City,_Maryland" title="St. Mary's City, Maryland">Saint Mary's</a>, Maryland's first colonial settlement and original capital.<a href="#cite_note-darkroom.baltimoresun.com-184">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Maryland" title="List of hospitals in Maryland">List of hospitals in Maryland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maryland_hospital_payment_system" title="Maryland hospital payment system">Maryland hospital payment system</a></div> As of 2017, the top two health insurers including all types of insurance were <a href="/wiki/CareFirst_BlueCross_BlueShield" title="CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield">CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield</a> with 47% market share followed by <a href="/wiki/UnitedHealth_Group" title="UnitedHealth Group">UnitedHealth Group</a> at 15%.<a href="#cite_note-185">[181]</a> Maryland has experimented with healthcare payment reforms, notably beginning in the 1970s with an <a href="/wiki/All-payer_rate_setting" title="All-payer rate setting">all-payer rate setting</a> program regulated by the Health Services Cost Review Commission.<a href="#cite_note-:3-186">[182]</a> In 2014, it switched to a global budget revenue system, whereby hospitals receive a <a href="/wiki/Capitation_(healthcare)" title="Capitation (healthcare)">capitated</a> payment to care for their population.<a href="#cite_note-:3-186">[182]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Department_of_Transportation" title="Maryland Department of Transportation">Maryland Department of Transportation</a> oversees most transportation in the state through its various administration-level agencies.<a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> The independent <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Transportation_Authority" title="Maryland Transportation Authority">Maryland Transportation Authority</a> maintains and operates the state's eight toll facilities. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Roads">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Interstate_Highways_in_Maryland" title="List of Interstate Highways in Maryland">List of Interstate Highways in Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Maryland_state_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Maryland state highways">List of Maryland state highways</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Maryland_state_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of minor Maryland state highways">List of minor Maryland state highways</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_former_Maryland_state_highways" title="List of former Maryland state highways">List of former Maryland state highways</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg/220px-Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg/330px-Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg/440px-Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge_viewed_from_Sandy_Point_State_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2052" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge" title="Chesapeake Bay Bridge">Chesapeake Bay Bridge</a>, which connects Maryland's <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern</a> and Western Shores</figcaption></figure> Maryland's <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate highways</a> include 110 miles (180 km) of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_95_in_Maryland" title="Interstate 95 in Maryland">Interstate 95</a> (I-95), which enters the northeast portion of the state, travels through <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, and becomes part of the eastern section of the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_495_(Capital_Beltway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway)">Capital Beltway</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Bridge" title="Woodrow Wilson Bridge">Woodrow Wilson Bridge</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_68_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 68 in Maryland">I-68</a> travels 81 miles (130 km), connecting the western portions of the state to <a href="/wiki/Interstate_70_in_Maryland" title="Interstate 70 in Maryland">I-70</a> at the small town of Hancock. I-70 enters from Pennsylvania north of Hancock and continues east for 93 miles (150 km) to Baltimore, connecting <a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">Hagerstown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick</a> along the way. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_83_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 83 in Maryland">I-83</a> has 34 miles (55 km) in Maryland and connects Baltimore to southern central Pennsylvania (<a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/York,_Pennsylvania" title="York, Pennsylvania">York, Pennsylvania</a>). Maryland also has an 11-mile (18 km) portion of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_81_in_Maryland" title="Interstate 81 in Maryland">I-81</a> that travels through the state near Hagerstown. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_97" title="Interstate 97">I-97</a>, fully contained within Anne Arundel County and the shortest (17.6 miles (28.3 km)) one- or two-digit interstate highway in the contiguous US, connects the Baltimore area to the Annapolis area. There are also several <a href="/wiki/List_of_auxiliary_Interstate_Highways" title="List of auxiliary Interstate Highways">auxiliary Interstate highways</a> in Maryland. Among them are two beltways encircling the major cities of the region: <a href="/wiki/Interstate_695_(Maryland)" title="Interstate 695 (Maryland)">I-695</a>, the McKeldin (Baltimore) Beltway, which encircles Baltimore; and a portion of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_495_(Capital_Beltway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway)">I-495</a>, the Capital Beltway, which encircles <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_270_(Maryland)" title="Interstate 270 (Maryland)">I-270</a>, which connects the Frederick area with <a href="/wiki/Northern_Virginia" title="Northern Virginia">Northern Virginia</a> and Washington, D.C. through major suburbs to the northwest of Washington, is a major commuter route and is as wide as fourteen lanes at points. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_895_(Maryland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 895 (Maryland)">I-895</a>, also known as the Harbor Tunnel Thruway, provides an alternate route to I-95 across <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Harbor" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Harbor">Baltimore Harbor</a>. Both I-270 and the Capital Beltway were extremely <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">congested</a>; however, the <a href="/wiki/Intercounty_Connector" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercounty Connector">Intercounty Connector</a> (ICC; <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_200" title="Maryland Route 200">MD 200</a>) has alleviated some congestion over time. Construction of the ICC was a major part of the campaign platform of former Governor <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ehrlich" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Ehrlich">Robert Ehrlich</a>, who was in office from 2003 until 2007, and of Governor <a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Malley" title="Martin O'Malley">Martin O'Malley</a>, who succeeded him. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_595_(Maryland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 595 (Maryland)">I-595</a>, which is an <a href="/wiki/Unsigned_highway" title="Unsigned highway">unsigned highway</a> concurrent with <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_50_in_Maryland" title="U.S. Route 50 in Maryland">US 50</a>/<a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_301_in_Maryland" title="U.S. Route 301 in Maryland">US 301</a>, is the longest unsigned interstate in the country and connects <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's County</a> and Washington, D.C. with <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a> via the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay_Bridge" title="Chesapeake Bay Bridge">Chesapeake Bay Bridge</a>. Maryland also has a <a href="/wiki/State_highway" title="State highway">state highway</a> system that contains routes numbered from 2 through 999, however most of the higher-numbered routes are either unsigned or are relatively short. Major state highways include Routes <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_2" title="Maryland Route 2">2</a> (Governor Ritchie Highway/Solomons Island Road/Southern Maryland Blvd.), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_4" title="Maryland Route 4">4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Avenue_(Washington,_D.C.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania Avenue (Washington, D.C.)">Pennsylvania Avenue</a>/Southern Maryland Blvd./Patuxent Beach Road/St. Andrew's Church Road), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_5" title="Maryland Route 5">5</a> (Branch Avenue/Leonardtown Road/Point Lookout Road), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_32" title="Maryland Route 32">32</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_45" title="Maryland Route 45">45</a> (York Road), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_97" title="Maryland Route 97">97</a> (Georgia Avenue), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_100" title="Maryland Route 100">100</a> (Paul T. Pitcher Memorial Highway), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_210" title="Maryland Route 210">210</a> (Indian Head Highway), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_235" title="Maryland Route 235">235</a> (Three Notch Road), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_295" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Route 295">295</a> (Baltimore-Washington Parkway), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_355" title="Maryland Route 355">355</a> (Wisconsin Avenue/Rockville Pike/Frederick Road), <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_404" title="Maryland Route 404">404</a> (Queen Anne Highway/ Shore Highway), and <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Route_650" title="Maryland Route 650">650</a> (New Hampshire Avenue). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Airports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_Maryland" title="Aviation in Maryland">Aviation in Maryland</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Maryland" title="List of airports in Maryland">List of airports in Maryland</a></div> Maryland's largest airport is <a href="/wiki/Baltimore-Washington_International_Thurgood_Marshall_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport">Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport</a>, more commonly referred to as BWI. The airport is named for the Baltimore-born <a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a>, the first African-American <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court justice</a>. The only other airports with commercial service are at <a href="/wiki/Hagerstown_Regional_Airport" title="Hagerstown Regional Airport">Hagerstown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wicomico_Regional_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Wicomico Regional Airport">Salisbury</a>. The Maryland suburbs of Washington, D.C. are also served by the other two airports in the region, <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Washington_National_Airport" title="Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport">Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dulles_International_Airport" title="Dulles International Airport">Dulles International Airport</a>, both in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Virginia" title="Northern Virginia">Northern Virginia</a>. The <a href="/wiki/College_Park_Airport" title="College Park Airport">College Park Airport</a> is the nation's oldest, founded in 1909, and is still used. <a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Wright" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilbur Wright">Wilbur Wright</a> trained military aviators at this location.<a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Rail">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Maryland_railroads" title="List of Maryland railroads">List of Maryland railroads</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249493202">.mw-parser-output .RMbox{box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.14),0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12),0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float:left;margin-right:5px;white-space:nowrap"><ul class="navbar-brackets" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:#FFF"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maryland_rail_network" title="Template:Maryland rail network"><abbr title="View this template" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:#FFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maryland_rail_network" title="Template talk:Maryland rail network"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:#FFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland_rail_network" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland rail network"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:#FFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="margin-left:55px"><div style="white-space:nowrap;margin-right:55px;font-size:113.63636363636%">Maryland passenger rail stations</div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="line-height:normal;padding:4px 5px"><div class="selfreference noprint" style="text-align:right;font-size:97%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Railway_line_legend" title="Template:Railway line legend">Legend</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0px 6px"> <table class="nogrid routemap" style="font-size:107.95454545455%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249493202"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;font-style:italic;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Floridian_(train)" title="Floridian (train)">Floridian</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">to <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Union_Station" title="Chicago Union Station">Chicago</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/BSicon_CONTg_cerulean.svg/20px-BSicon_CONTg_cerulean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/BSicon_CONTg_cerulean.svg/30px-BSicon_CONTg_cerulean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/BSicon_CONTg_cerulean.svg/40px-BSicon_CONTg_cerulean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_station_(Maryland)" title="Cumberland station (Maryland)">Cumberland</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/BSicon_HST_cerulean.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_cerulean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/BSicon_HST_cerulean.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_cerulean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/BSicon_HST_cerulean.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_cerulean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi">Via <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></div> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_LSTR_cerulean.svg/20px-BSicon_LSTR_cerulean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_LSTR_cerulean.svg/30px-BSicon_LSTR_cerulean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/BSicon_LSTR_cerulean.svg/40px-BSicon_LSTR_cerulean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249493202"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Line" title="Brunswick Line">Brunswick Line</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">to <a href="/wiki/Martinsburg_station" title="Martinsburg station">Martinsburg</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" 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class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249493202"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Corridor" title="Northeast Corridor">Northeast Corridor</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">to <a href="/wiki/South_Station" title="South Station">Boston South</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_station_(Maryland)" title="Brunswick station (Maryland)">Brunswick</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/BSicon_KACCa_red.svg/20px-BSicon_KACCa_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/BSicon_KACCa_red.svg/30px-BSicon_KACCa_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/BSicon_KACCa_red.svg/40px-BSicon_KACCa_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_STR_cerulean.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_cerulean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_STR_cerulean.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_cerulean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/BSicon_STR_cerulean.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_cerulean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Perryville_station" title="Perryville station">Perryville</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Point_of_Rocks_station" title="Point of Rocks station">Point of Rocks</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_station_(Maryland)" title="Aberdeen station (Maryland)">Aberdeen</a> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak"><img alt="Amtrak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/20px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/30px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/40px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HST_red.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HST_red.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HST_red.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Edgewood_station_(MARC)" title="Edgewood station (MARC)">Edgewood</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_station" title="Frederick station">Frederick</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/BSicon_KHSTACCa_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_KHSTACCa_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/BSicon_KHSTACCa_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_KHSTACCa_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/BSicon_KHSTACCa_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_KHSTACCa_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/BSicon_INT_red.svg/20px-BSicon_INT_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/BSicon_INT_red.svg/30px-BSicon_INT_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/BSicon_INT_red.svg/40px-BSicon_INT_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Martin_State_Airport_station" title="Martin State Airport station">Martin Airport</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Martin_State_Airport" title="Martin State Airport"><img alt="Martin State Airport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/13px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/20px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/26px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Monocacy_station" title="Monocacy station">Monocacy</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Penn_Station" title="Baltimore Penn Station">Penn Station</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak"><img alt="Amtrak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/20px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/30px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/40px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Light_Rail" title="Baltimore Light Rail"><img alt="Baltimore Light Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_TRAM.svg/14px-BSicon_TRAM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_TRAM.svg/21px-BSicon_TRAM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BSicon_TRAM.svg/28px-BSicon_TRAM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/BSicon_KRWg%2Bl_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_KRWg%2Bl_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/BSicon_KRWg%2Bl_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_KRWg%2Bl_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/BSicon_KRWg%2Bl_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_KRWg%2Bl_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/BSicon_KRWr_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_KRWr_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/BSicon_KRWr_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_KRWr_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/BSicon_KRWr_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_KRWr_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HST_red.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HST_red.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HST_red.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/West_Baltimore_station" title="West Baltimore station">West Baltimore</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dickerson_station" title="Dickerson station">Dickerson</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/BSicon_lHSTACC~L.svg/20px-BSicon_lHSTACC~L.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/BSicon_lHSTACC~L.svg/30px-BSicon_lHSTACC~L.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/BSicon_lHSTACC~L.svg/40px-BSicon_lHSTACC~L.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BSicon_KRW%2Bl_red.svg/20px-BSicon_KRW%2Bl_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BSicon_KRW%2Bl_red.svg/30px-BSicon_KRW%2Bl_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BSicon_KRW%2Bl_red.svg/40px-BSicon_KRW%2Bl_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div></div><div><div class="RMov"><div class="RMic"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/BSicon_lHSTACC~R.svg/20px-BSicon_lHSTACC~R.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/BSicon_lHSTACC~R.svg/30px-BSicon_lHSTACC~R.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/BSicon_lHSTACC~R.svg/40px-BSicon_lHSTACC~R.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BSicon_KRWr_red.svg/20px-BSicon_KRWr_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BSicon_KRWr_red.svg/30px-BSicon_KRWr_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BSicon_KRWr_red.svg/40px-BSicon_KRWr_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Halethorpe_station" title="Halethorpe station">Halethorpe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_KINTACCa_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_KINTACCa_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_KINTACCa_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_KINTACCa_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BSicon_KINTACCa_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_KINTACCa_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Camden_Station" title="Camden Station">Camden Station</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Light_RailLink" title="Baltimore Light RailLink"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Baltimore_Light_RailLink_logo.svg/16px-Baltimore_Light_RailLink_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Baltimore_Light_RailLink_logo.svg/24px-Baltimore_Light_RailLink_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Baltimore_Light_RailLink_logo.svg/32px-Baltimore_Light_RailLink_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="298" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Barnesville_station" title="Barnesville station">Barnesville</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_mKRWl%2Blo_orange%2Bred.svg/20px-BSicon_mKRWl%2Blo_orange%2Bred.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_mKRWl%2Blo_orange%2Bred.svg/30px-BSicon_mKRWl%2Blo_orange%2Bred.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BSicon_mKRWl%2Blo_orange%2Bred.svg/40px-BSicon_mKRWl%2Blo_orange%2Bred.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/BSicon_mKRWro%2Br_orange%2Bred.svg/20px-BSicon_mKRWro%2Br_orange%2Bred.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/BSicon_mKRWro%2Br_orange%2Bred.svg/30px-BSicon_mKRWro%2Br_orange%2Bred.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/BSicon_mKRWro%2Br_orange%2Bred.svg/40px-BSicon_mKRWro%2Br_orange%2Bred.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/BWI_Rail_Station" title="BWI Rail Station">BWI Airport</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Baltimore%E2%80%93Washington_International_Airport" title="Baltimore–Washington International Airport"><img alt="Baltimore–Washington International Airport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/13px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/20px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/BSicon_FLUG.svg/26px-BSicon_FLUG.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak"><img alt="Amtrak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/20px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/30px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/40px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Boyds_station" title="Boyds station">Boyds</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/BSicon_pHST_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_pHST_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/BSicon_pHST_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_pHST_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/BSicon_pHST_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_pHST_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/St._Denis_station_(MARC)" title="St. Denis station (MARC)">St. Denis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dorsey_station" title="Dorsey station">Dorsey</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Germantown_station_(MARC)" title="Germantown station (MARC)">Germantown</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_ACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Odenton_station" title="Odenton station">Odenton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_HST_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_HST_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_HST_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Jessup_station" title="Jessup station">Jessup</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Grove_station" title="Metropolitan Grove station">Metropolitan Grove</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Savage_station" title="Savage station">Savage</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bowie_State_station" title="Bowie State station">Bowie State</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg_station" title="Gaithersburg station">Gaithersburg</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/BSicon_pHST_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_pHST_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/BSicon_pHST_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_pHST_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/BSicon_pHST_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_pHST_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Race_Track_station" title="Laurel Race Track station">Laurel Race Track</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_station_(MARC)" title="Laurel station (MARC)">Laurel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Grove_station" title="Washington Grove station">Washington Grove</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Seabrook_station" title="Seabrook station">Seabrook</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STR_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Muirkirk_station_(MARC)" title="Muirkirk station (MARC)">Muirkirk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/16px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/24px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/32px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="390" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak"><img alt="Amtrak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/20px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/30px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/40px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></div> <a href="/wiki/Rockville_station" title="Rockville station">Rockville</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/BSicon_INTACC_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/BSicon_INTACC_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/BSicon_INTACC_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Greenbelt_station" title="Greenbelt station">Greenbelt</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/16px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/24px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/32px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="390" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Park_station" title="Garrett Park station">Garrett Park</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_HST_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/BSicon_STR_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/BSicon_INTACC_red.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_Carrollton_station" title="New Carrollton station">New Carrollton</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/16px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/24px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/32px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="390" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak"><img alt="Amtrak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/20px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/30px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/40px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kensington_station_(Maryland)" title="Kensington station (Maryland)">Kensington</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_HSTACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/BSicon_INT_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_INT_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/BSicon_INT_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_INT_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/BSicon_INT_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_INT_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/College_Park%E2%80%93University_of_Maryland_station" title="College Park–University of Maryland station">College Park</a> <div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/16px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/24px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/32px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="390" /></a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/16px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/24px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg/32px-WMATA_Metro_Logo_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="390" /></a></div> <a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring_station" title="Silver Spring station">Silver Spring</a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_INTACC_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_HST_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_HST_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_HST_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_HST_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/BSicon_HST_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_HST_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Riverdale_station_(MARC)" title="Riverdale station (MARC)">Riverdale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249493202"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Line" title="Brunswick Line">Brunswick Line</a> to <a href="/wiki/Washington_Union_Station" title="Washington Union Station">D.C.</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Floridian_(train)" title="Floridian (train)">Floridian</a> to <a href="/wiki/Miami_station_(Amtrak)" title="Miami station (Amtrak)">Miami</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/BSicon_CONTf_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_CONTf_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/BSicon_CONTf_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_CONTf_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/BSicon_CONTf_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_CONTf_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/BSicon_CONTf%40F_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_CONTf%40F_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/BSicon_CONTf%40F_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_CONTf%40F_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/BSicon_CONTf%40F_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_CONTf%40F_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/BSicon_STR_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STR_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249493202"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Camden_Line" title="Camden Line">Camden Line</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">to <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C._station" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, D.C. station">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BSicon_CONTf_red.svg/20px-BSicon_CONTf_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BSicon_CONTf_red.svg/30px-BSicon_CONTf_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/BSicon_CONTf_red.svg/40px-BSicon_CONTf_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><div class="RMsi"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1249493202"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RMsplit" style="text-align:inherit;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit"><a href="/wiki/Penn_Line" title="Penn Line">Penn Line</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:inherit;padding:0;line-height:.9;font-size:inherit">to <a href="/wiki/Washington_Union_Station" title="Washington Union Station">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 3px 0 0;"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="padding:0 0 0 3px;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <table class="mw-collapsible" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="display:table;min-width:100%;margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <th style="border-top: 5px solid var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border-bottom: 5px solid var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);padding:3px 5px;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:#252525;background:#EEEEEE"><div style="margin:0 55px;font-size:113.63636363636%">Key</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0px 6px 6px"> <table class="nogrid routemap" style="font-size:107.95454545455%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/MARC_Train" title="MARC Train"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/MARC_train.svg/19px-MARC_train.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/MARC_train.svg/29px-MARC_train.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/MARC_train.svg/38px-MARC_train.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="92" /></a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_STRq_saffron.svg/20px-BSicon_STRq_saffron.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_STRq_saffron.svg/30px-BSicon_STRq_saffron.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BSicon_STRq_saffron.svg/40px-BSicon_STRq_saffron.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Line" title="Brunswick Line">Brunswick Line</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STRq_orange.svg/20px-BSicon_STRq_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STRq_orange.svg/30px-BSicon_STRq_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/BSicon_STRq_orange.svg/40px-BSicon_STRq_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Camden_Line" title="Camden Line">Camden Line</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BSicon_STRq_red.svg/20px-BSicon_STRq_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BSicon_STRq_red.svg/30px-BSicon_STRq_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/BSicon_STRq_red.svg/40px-BSicon_STRq_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Penn_Line" title="Penn Line">Penn Line</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak"><img alt="Amtrak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/20px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/30px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg/40px-BSicon_LOGO_Amtrak2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/BSicon_STRq_cerulean.svg/20px-BSicon_STRq_cerulean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/BSicon_STRq_cerulean.svg/30px-BSicon_STRq_cerulean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/BSicon_STRq_cerulean.svg/40px-BSicon_STRq_cerulean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 3px 0 0;"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="padding:0 0 0 3px;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg/220px-Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg/330px-Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg/440px-Ellicott_City_Station_1970.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4098" data-file-height="3225" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ellicott_City_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellicott City Station">Ellicott City Station</a>, on the original <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_and_Ohio_Railroad" title="Baltimore and Ohio Railroad">Baltimore and Ohio Railroad</a> line, the oldest remaining passenger station in the nation. The rail line is still used by <a href="/wiki/CSX_Transportation" title="CSX Transportation">CSX Transportation</a> for freight trains, and the station is now a museum.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> trains, including the high-speed <a href="/wiki/Acela_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Acela Express">Acela Express</a> serve <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Station_(Baltimore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania Station (Baltimore)">Penn Station</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/BWI_Rail_Station" title="BWI Rail Station">BWI Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Carrollton_(Washington_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Carrollton (Washington Metro)">New Carrollton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_(Amtrak_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeen (Amtrak station)">Aberdeen</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> to <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Corridor" title="Northeast Corridor">Northeast Corridor</a>. Train service is provided to <a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Maryland" title="Cumberland, Maryland">Cumberland</a> by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>'s Washington, D.C., to <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Limited_(Amtrak)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Limited (Amtrak)">Capitol Limited</a>. The <a href="/wiki/WMATA" class="mw-redirect" title="WMATA">WMATA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro">Metrorail</a> <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metrobus_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Metrobus (Washington, D.C.)">Metrobus</a> local bus systems (the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_rapid_transit_systems_by_ridership" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership">2nd</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_local_bus_agencies_by_ridership" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States local bus agencies by ridership">6th</a> busiest in the nation of their respective modes) provide service in Montgomery and Prince George's counties and connect them to Washington D.C.. The <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Transit_Administration" title="Maryland Transit Administration">Maryland Transit Administration</a> (often abbreviated as "MTA Maryland"), a state agency part of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Department_of_Transportation" title="Maryland Department of Transportation">Maryland Department of Transportation</a> also provides transit services within the state. Headquartered in Baltimore, MTA's transit services are largely focused on central Maryland, as well as some portions of the Eastern Shore and Southern MD. Baltimore's <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Light_RailLink" title="Baltimore Light RailLink">Light RailLink</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Metro_SubwayLink" title="Baltimore Metro SubwayLink">Metro SubwayLink</a> systems serve its densely populated inner-city and the surrounding suburbs. The MTA also serves the city and its suburbs with its <a href="/wiki/MTA_Maryland_bus_service" class="mw-redirect" title="MTA Maryland bus service">local bus</a> service (the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_local_bus_agencies_by_ridership" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States local bus agencies by ridership">9th largest system</a> in the nation). The MTA's <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Transit_Administration#Commuter_bus" title="Maryland Transit Administration">Commuter Bus</a> system provides express coach service on longer routes connecting Washington, D.C. and Baltimore to parts of Central and Southern MD as well as the Eastern Shore. The commuter rail service, known as <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Area_Rail_Commuter" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Area Rail Commuter">MARC</a>, operates three lines which all terminate at <a href="/wiki/Washington_Union_Station" title="Washington Union Station">Washington Union Station</a> and provide service to Baltimore's <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Penn_Station" title="Baltimore Penn Station">Penn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camden_Station" title="Camden Station">Camden</a> stations, <a href="/wiki/Perryville,_Maryland" title="Perryville, Maryland">Perryville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Martinsburg,_West_Virginia" title="Martinsburg, West Virginia">Martinsburg, West Virginia</a>. In addition, many suburban counties operate local bus systems which connect to and complement the larger MTA and WMATA/Metro services. The MTA will also administer the <a href="/wiki/Purple_Line_(Maryland)" title="Purple Line (Maryland)">Purple Line</a>, an under-construction light rail line that will connect the Maryland branches of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Red Line (Washington Metro)">Red</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Green Line (Washington Metro)">Green</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Yellow Line (Washington Metro)">Yellow</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Orange Line (Washington Metro)">Orange</a> lines of the Washington Metro, as well as offer transfers to all three lines of the MARC commuter rail system.<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/Freight_rail_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight rail transport">Freight rail transport</a> is handled principally by two <a href="/wiki/Class_I_railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Class I railroad">Class I railroads</a>, as well as several smaller regional and local carriers. <a href="/wiki/CSX_Transportation" title="CSX Transportation">CSX Transportation</a> has more extensive <a href="/wiki/Rail_tracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail tracks">trackage</a> throughout the state, with 560 miles (900 km),<a href="#cite_note-CSXT-192">[188]</a> followed by <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway" title="Norfolk Southern Railway">Norfolk Southern Railway</a>. Major <a href="/wiki/Rail_yard" title="Rail yard">rail yards</a> are located in Baltimore and Cumberland,<a href="#cite_note-CSXT-192">[188]</a> with an <a href="/wiki/Intermodal_freight_transport" title="Intermodal freight transport">intermodal</a> terminal (rail, truck and marine) in Baltimore.<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_and_government">Law and government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Law and government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Maryland" title="Government of Maryland">Government of Maryland</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Maryland">List of Governors of Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Army_National_Guard" title="Maryland Army National Guard">Maryland Army National Guard</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Air_National_Guard" title="Maryland Air National Guard">Maryland Air National Guard</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Annapolis2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Annapolis2.jpg/220px-Annapolis2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Annapolis2.jpg/330px-Annapolis2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Annapolis2.jpg/440px-Annapolis2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_House" title="Maryland State House">Maryland State House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a> dates to 1772, and houses the Maryland General Assembly and offices of the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Maryland" title="Governor of Maryland">governor</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_(illustrated,_1876).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_%28illustrated%2C_1876%29.jpg/220px-Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_%28illustrated%2C_1876%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_%28illustrated%2C_1876%29.jpg/330px-Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_%28illustrated%2C_1876%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_%28illustrated%2C_1876%29.jpg/440px-Maryland_state_coat_of_arms_%28illustrated%2C_1876%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3826" data-file-height="3870" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Historical_coats_of_arms_of_the_U.S._states" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical coats of arms of the U.S. states">historical coat of arms</a> of Maryland in 1876</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Maryland" title="Government of Maryland">government of Maryland</a> is conducted according to the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Constitution">state constitution</a>. The government of Maryland, like the other 49 <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States#Local_government" title="Politics of the United States">state governments</a>, has exclusive authority over matters that lie entirely within the state's borders, except as limited by the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution of the United States</a>. Power in Maryland is divided among three branches of government: <a href="/wiki/Executive_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive branch">executive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legislative_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative branch">legislative</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Judicial_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial branch">judicial</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Maryland_General_Assembly" title="Maryland General Assembly">Maryland General Assembly</a> is composed of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">Maryland Senate</a>. <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Maryland" title="Governor of Maryland">Maryland's governor</a> is unique in the United States as the office is vested with significant authority in budgeting. Unlike many other states, significant autonomy is granted to many of Maryland's <a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</a>. Most of the business of government is conducted in <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a>, the state <a href="/wiki/Capital_(political)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital (political)">capital</a>; however some cabinet departments and state officials have their offices in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>. Elections for governor and most statewide offices, as well as most county elections, are held in <a href="/wiki/United_States_midterm_election" title="United States midterm election">midterm-election years</a> (even-numbered years not divisible by four). The judicial branch of state government consists of one united <a href="/wiki/Maryland_District_Court" title="Maryland District Court">District Court of Maryland</a> that sits in every county and Baltimore City, as well as 24 <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Circuit_Courts" title="Maryland Circuit Courts">Circuit Courts</a> sitting in each County and Baltimore City, the latter being courts of general jurisdiction for all civil disputes over $30,000, all equitable jurisdiction and major criminal proceedings. The intermediate appellate court is known as the <a href="/wiki/Appellate_Court_of_Maryland" title="Appellate Court of Maryland">Appellate Court of Maryland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">state supreme court</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Maryland" title="Supreme Court of Maryland">Supreme Court of Maryland</a>. The appearance of the justices of the Supreme Court of Maryland is unique; Maryland is the only state whose justices wear red robes.<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxation">Taxation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Taxation">edit</a>]</div> Maryland imposes five <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a> brackets, ranging from 2 to 6.25 percent of personal income.<a href="#cite_note-195">[191]</a> The city of Baltimore and Maryland's 23 counties levy local "piggyback" income taxes at rates between 1.25 and 3.2 percent of Maryland taxable income. Local officials set the rates and the revenue is returned to the local governments quarterly. The top income tax bracket of 9.45 percent is the fifth highest combined state and local income tax rates in the country, behind New York City's 11.35 percent, California's 10.3 percent, Rhode Island's 9.9 percent, and Vermont's 9.5 percent.<a href="#cite_note-196">[192]</a> Maryland's state <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> is six percent.<a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a> All real property in Maryland is subject to the <a href="/wiki/Property_tax" title="Property tax">property tax</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dat.maryland.gov-198">[194]</a> Generally, properties that are owned and used by religious, charitable, or educational organizations or property owned by the federal, state or local governments are exempt.<a href="#cite_note-dat.maryland.gov-198">[194]</a> Property tax rates vary widely.<a href="#cite_note-dat.maryland.gov-198">[194]</a> No restrictions or limitations on property taxes are imposed by the state, meaning cities and counties can set tax rates at the level they deem necessary to fund governmental services.<a href="#cite_note-dat.maryland.gov-198">[194]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Elections">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Maryland" title="Elections in Maryland">Elections in Maryland</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Maryland" title="Political party strength in Maryland">Political party strength in Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spiro_Agnew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Spiro_Agnew.jpg/220px-Spiro_Agnew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Spiro_Agnew.jpg/330px-Spiro_Agnew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Spiro_Agnew.jpg/440px-Spiro_Agnew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1464" data-file-height="1878" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Spiro Agnew</a>, the 39th <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon administration</a>, the highest-ranking political leader from Maryland since the nation's founding</figcaption></figure> Prior to the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, Maryland's elections were <a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Maryland" title="Political party strength in Maryland">largely controlled</a> by the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Democratic Party">Democrats</a>, which account for 54.9% of all registered voters as of May 2017.<a href="#cite_note-Maryland_State_Board_of_Elections-199">[195]</a> State elections are dominated by <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> and four populous suburban counties bordering <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, and Baltimore: <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County,_Maryland" title="Anne Arundel County, Maryland">Anne Arundel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore County">Baltimore counties</a>. As of July 2017,<a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a> 66 percent of the state's population resides in these six jurisdictions, most of which contain large, traditionally Democratic <a href="/wiki/Voting_bloc" title="Voting bloc">voting blocs</a>: <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> in Baltimore City and Prince George's; <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal</a> employees in Prince George's, Anne Arundel, and Montgomery; and <a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">post-graduates</a> in Montgomery. The remainder of the state, particularly <a href="/wiki/Western_Maryland" title="Western Maryland">Western Maryland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a>, is more supportive of <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] One of Maryland's best known political figures is a Republican – former governor <a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Spiro Agnew</a>, who pled <a href="/wiki/Nolo_contendere" title="Nolo contendere">no contest</a> to tax evasion and resigned in 1973.<a href="#cite_note-201">[197]</a> In <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980</a>, Maryland was one of six states to vote for <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> fared better in Maryland than any other state, except his home state of <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a>, Maryland was Clinton's sixth best; in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a>, Maryland ranked fourth for Gore; and in <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> showed his fifth-best performance in Maryland. In <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> won the state's 10 electoral votes with 61.9 percent of the vote, to <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a>'s 36.5 percent. In 2002, former Governor <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ehrlich" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Ehrlich">Robert Ehrlich</a> was the first Republican to be elected to that office in four decades, and after one term, he lost his seat to <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Mayor">Baltimore Mayor</a> and Democrat <a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Malley" title="Martin O'Malley">Martin O'Malley</a>. Ehrlich ran again for governor in 2010, losing again to O'Malley. <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Voter registration and party enrollment in Maryland as of May 2024<a href="#cite_note-202">[198]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Total </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2,214,915 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">52.75% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,000,668 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23.83% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DDDDBB; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Independents / unaffiliated </td> <td style="text-align:center;">907,899 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">21.62% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FED105; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19,018 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.45% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#775eb2; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/No_Labels" title="No Labels">No Labels</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,858 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.04% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DDDDBB; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Other parties </td> <td style="text-align:center;">54,299 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.29% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <th style="text-align:center;">4,185,173 </th> <th style="text-align:center;">100.00% </th></tr></tbody></table> The 2006 election brought no change in the pattern of Democratic dominance. After Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a> announced that he was retiring, Democratic Congressman <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Cardin" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Cardin">Benjamin Cardin</a> defeated Republican Lieutenant Governor <a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Steele" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael S. Steele">Michael S. Steele</a>, with 55 percent of the vote, against Steele's 44 percent. While Republicans typically win more counties in statewide elections by piling up large margins in the west and east, they are usually overcome by the densely populated and solidly Democratic Baltimore–Washington axis. In <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="2008 United States presidential election in Maryland">2008</a>, for instance, McCain won 17 counties to Obama's six (plus Baltimore City). While McCain won most of the western and eastern counties by margins of 2-to-1 or more, he was almost completely shut out in the larger counties surrounding Baltimore and Washington; every large county except Anne Arundel went for Obama, who won by 25 points statewide.<a href="#cite_note-203">[199]</a> From 2007 to 2011, U.S. Congressman <a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">Steny Hoyer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 5th congressional district">MD-5</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a>, was elected as <a href="/wiki/Majority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority Leader">Majority Leader</a> for the <a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th Congress</a> and <a href="/wiki/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th Congress</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>, serving in that post again from 2019 to 2023. In addition, Hoyer served as House Minority Whip from 2003 to 2006 and 2012 to 2018. His district covers parts of <a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County,_Maryland" title="Anne Arundel County, Maryland">Anne Arundel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's</a> counties, in addition to all of <a href="/wiki/Charles_County,_Maryland" title="Charles County, Maryland">Charles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calvert_County,_Maryland" title="Calvert County, Maryland">Calvert</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Mary%27s_County,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Mary's County, Maryland">St. Mary's</a> counties in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Maryland" title="Southern Maryland">southern Maryland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-204">[200]</a> In 2010, Republicans won control of most counties. The Democratic Party remained in control of eight county governments, including that of <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[201]</a> In <a href="/wiki/2022_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="2022 Maryland gubernatorial election">2022</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes_Moore" title="Wes Moore">Wes Moore</a> became the first Democrat elected Governor of Maryland since <a href="/wiki/2010_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="2010 Maryland gubernatorial election">2010</a>, replacing Republican <a href="/wiki/Larry_Hogan" title="Larry Hogan">Larry Hogan</a>, who did not run for re-election due to term limits. Moore is the first African-American elected Governor of Maryland, and the fifth African-American governor in American history.<a href="#cite_note-206">[202]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> A well-known newspaper in Maryland is <a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a>.<a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a> Many residents of the <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a> receive <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The most populous areas are served by either <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> or <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> broadcast stations. The Eastern Shore is served primarily by <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">broadcast media</a> based around the <a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula" title="Delmarva Peninsula">Delmarva Peninsula</a>; the northeastern section receives both Baltimore and <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> stations. <a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett County</a>, which is mountainous, is served by stations from <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, and requires cable or satellite for reception. Maryland is served by statewide <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> member station <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Public_Television" title="Maryland Public Television">Maryland Public Television</a> (MPT).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_education">Primary and secondary education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary education">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_Maryland" title="List of school districts in Maryland">List of school districts in Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Maryland" title="List of high schools in Maryland">List of high schools in Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arts_and_culture_of_Maryland" title="Arts and culture of Maryland">Arts and culture of Maryland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP,_front_view_off-center,_August_21,_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP%2C_front_view_off-center%2C_August_21%2C_2006.jpg/220px-Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP%2C_front_view_off-center%2C_August_21%2C_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP%2C_front_view_off-center%2C_August_21%2C_2006.jpg/330px-Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP%2C_front_view_off-center%2C_August_21%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP%2C_front_view_off-center%2C_August_21%2C_2006.jpg/440px-Memorial_Chapel_at_UMCP%2C_front_view_off-center%2C_August_21%2C_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2410" data-file-height="3237" /></a><figcaption>Memorial Chapel at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland</a>, Maryland's flagship university</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg/220px-UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg/330px-UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg/440px-UMBC_Commons_and_Quad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="531" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore_County" title="University of Maryland, Baltimore County">University of Maryland, Baltimore County</a></figcaption></figure> Education Week ranked Maryland #1 in its nationwide 2009–2013 Quality Counts reports.<a href="#cite_note-208">[204]</a> Primary and secondary education in Maryland is overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_Department_of_Education" title="Maryland State Department of Education">Maryland State Department of Education</a>, which is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[205]</a> The highest educational official in the state is the <a href="/wiki/Superintendent_(education)" title="Superintendent (education)">State Superintendent of Schools</a>, who is appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_education" title="Board of education">State Board of Education</a> to a four-year term of office. The Maryland General Assembly has given the Superintendent and State Board autonomy to make educationally related decisions, limiting its influence on the day-to-day functions of public education. Each county and county-equivalent in Maryland has a <a href="/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_Maryland" title="List of school districts in Maryland">local Board of Education</a> charged with running the public schools in that particular jurisdiction. The budget for education was $5.5 billion in 2009, representing about 40 percent of the state's general fund.<a href="#cite_note-210">[206]</a> Data from the 2017 census shows that, among large school districts, four Maryland districts are in the top six for per-pupil annual spending, exceeded only by the Boston and New York City districts.<a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a> Maryland has a broad range of private primary and secondary schools. Many of these are affiliated with various religious sects, including <a href="/wiki/Parochial_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Parochial schools">parochial schools</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> schools, <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist</a> schools, and <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> schools. In 2003, Maryland law was changed to allow for the creation of publicly funded charter schools, although the charter schools must be approved by their local Board of Education and are not exempt from state laws on education, including collective bargaining laws. In 2008, the state led the entire country in the percentage of students passing <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Placement" title="Advanced Placement">Advanced Placement</a> examinations. 23.4 percent of students earned passing grades on the AP tests given in May 2008. This marks the first year that Maryland earned this honor.<a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a> Three Maryland high schools (in Montgomery County) were ranked among the top 100 in the country by US News in 2009, based in large part on AP test scores.<a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Maryland" title="List of colleges and universities in Maryland">List of colleges and universities in Maryland</a></div> Maryland has several historic and renowned private colleges and universities, the most prominent of which is <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a>, founded in 1876 with a grant from Baltimore entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins" title="Johns Hopkins">Johns Hopkins</a>. The first public university in the state is the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore" title="University of Maryland, Baltimore">University of Maryland, Baltimore</a>, which was founded in 1807 and contains the University of Maryland's only public academic <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_School_of_Medicine" title="University of Maryland School of Medicine">health</a>, human services, and one of two <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland School of Law">law centers</a> (the other being the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Baltimore_School_of_Law" title="University of Baltimore School of Law">University of Baltimore School of Law</a>). Seven professional and graduate schools train the majority of the state's physicians, nurses, dentists, lawyers, social workers, and pharmacists.<a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a> The flagship university and largest undergraduate institution in Maryland is the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland, College Park</a> which was founded as the Maryland Agricultural College in 1856 and became a public <a href="/wiki/Land_grant_college" class="mw-redirect" title="Land grant college">land grant college</a> in 1864. <a href="/wiki/Towson_University" title="Towson University">Towson University</a>, founded in 1866, is the state's second largest university. In 1974, Maryland, along with seven other states, mainly in the South, submitted plans to desegregate its state universities; Maryland's plans were approved by the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.<a href="#cite_note-215">[211]</a> Baltimore is home to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore_County" title="University of Maryland, Baltimore County">University of Maryland, Baltimore County</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Institute_College_of_Art" title="Maryland Institute College of Art">Maryland Institute College of Art</a>. The majority of public universities in the state (Bowie State University, Coppin State University, Frostburg State University, Salisbury University and the University of Maryland-Eastern Shore) are affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/University_System_of_Maryland" title="University System of Maryland">University System of Maryland</a>. Two state-funded institutions, <a href="/wiki/Morgan_State_University" title="Morgan State University">Morgan State University</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_College_of_Maryland" title="St. Mary's College of Maryland">St. Mary's College of Maryland</a>, as well as two federally funded institutions, the <a href="/wiki/Uniformed_Services_University_of_the_Health_Sciences" title="Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences">Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy" title="United States Naval Academy">United States Naval Academy</a>, are not affiliated with the University System of Maryland. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_Global_Campus" title="University of Maryland Global Campus">University of Maryland Global Campus</a> is the largest public university in Maryland<a href="#cite_note-216">[212]</a> and one of the largest distance-learning institutions in the world.<a href="#cite_note-217">[213]</a> <a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_College_(Annapolis/Santa_Fe)" title="St. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe)">St. John's College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_College" title="Washington College">Washington College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chestertown,_Maryland" title="Chestertown, Maryland">Chestertown</a>, both private institutions, are the oldest colleges in the state and among the oldest in the country. Other private institutions include <a href="/wiki/Mount_St._Mary%27s_University" title="Mount St. Mary's University">Mount St. Mary's University</a>, <a href="/wiki/McDaniel_College" title="McDaniel College">McDaniel College</a> (formerly known as Western Maryland College), <a href="/wiki/Hood_College" title="Hood College">Hood College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stevenson_University" title="Stevenson University">Stevenson University</a> (formerly known as Villa Julie College), <a href="/wiki/Loyola_University_Maryland" title="Loyola University Maryland">Loyola University Maryland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Goucher_College" title="Goucher College">Goucher College</a>, among others. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_libraries">Public libraries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Public libraries">edit</a>]</div> Maryland's 24 public library systems deliver public education for everyone in the state of Maryland through a curriculum that comprises three pillars: Self-Directed Education (books and materials in all formats, e-resources), Research Assistance & Instruction (individualized research assistance, classes for students of all ages), and Instructive & Enlightening Experiences (e.g., Summer Reading Clubs, author events). Maryland's library systems include, in part: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County_Public_Library" title="Anne Arundel County Public Library">Anne Arundel County Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County_Public_Library" title="Baltimore County Public Library">Baltimore County Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_County_Public_Library" title="Cecil County Public Library">Cecil County Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Pratt_Free_Library" title="Enoch Pratt Free Library">Enoch Pratt Free Library</a></li> <li>Frederick County Public Library</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harford_County_Public_Library" title="Harford County Public Library">Harford County Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_County_Public_Library" title="Howard County Public Library">Howard County Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County_Public_Libraries" title="Montgomery County Public Libraries">Montgomery County Public Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County_Memorial_Library_System" title="Prince George's County Memorial Library System">Prince George's County Memorial Library System</a></li> <li>St. Mary's County Public Library<a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a></li></ul> Many of the library systems have established formalized partnerships with other educational institutions in their counties and regions.<a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Maryland" title="Sports in Maryland">Sports in Maryland</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Maryland#Athletes" title="List of people from Maryland">List of people from Maryland § Athletes</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg/220px-CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg/330px-CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg/440px-CamdenYards_2005-05-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oriole_Park_at_Camden_Yards" title="Oriole Park at Camden Yards">Oriole Park at Camden Yards</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg/220px-M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg/330px-M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg/440px-M%26T_Bank_Stadium_DoD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1682" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M%26T_Bank_Stadium" title="M&T Bank Stadium">M&T Bank Stadium</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Ravens" title="Baltimore Ravens">Baltimore Ravens</a></figcaption></figure> With two major metropolitan areas, Maryland has a number of major and minor professional sports franchises. Two <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> teams play in Maryland, the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Ravens" title="Baltimore Ravens">Baltimore Ravens</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Commanders" title="Washington Commanders">Washington Commanders</a> in <a href="/wiki/Landover,_Maryland" title="Landover, Maryland">Landover</a>. The <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Baltimore_Colts" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Baltimore Colts">Baltimore Colts</a> represented the NFL in Baltimore from 1953 to 1983 before moving to <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Orioles" title="Baltimore Orioles">Baltimore Orioles</a> are the state's <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> franchise. The <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Washington_Capitals" title="Washington Capitals">Washington Capitals</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Washington_Wizards" title="Washington Wizards">Washington Wizards</a> formerly played in Maryland, until the construction of an arena in Washington, D.C. in 1997 (now known as <a href="/wiki/Capital_One_Arena" title="Capital One Arena">Capital One Arena</a>). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland</a>'s team is the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_Terrapins" title="Maryland Terrapins">Maryland Terrapins</a>. Maryland enjoys considerable historical repute for the talented sports players of its past, including <a href="/wiki/Cal_Ripken_Jr." title="Cal Ripken Jr.">Cal Ripken Jr.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a>. In 2012, <a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a> published a list of Maryland's top ten athletes in the state's history. The list includes Babe Ruth, Cal Ripken Jr, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Unitas" title="Johnny Unitas">Johnny Unitas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brooks_Robinson" title="Brooks Robinson">Brooks Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Lewis" title="Ray Lewis">Ray Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phelps" title="Michael Phelps">Michael Phelps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Foxx" title="Jimmie Foxx">Jimmie Foxx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Parker_(American_football)" title="Jim Parker (American football)">Jim Parker</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wes_Unseld" title="Wes Unseld">Wes Unseld</a>.<a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a> Other professional sports franchises in the state include three affiliated <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league baseball</a> teams, one <a href="/wiki/Independent_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent league baseball">independent league baseball</a> team, the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Blast_(current)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore Blast (current)">Baltimore Blast</a> indoor soccer team, two indoor football teams and three low-level outdoor soccer teams. Maryland is also home to one of the three races in horse racing's annual Triple Crown, the <a href="/wiki/Preakness_Stakes" title="Preakness Stakes">Preakness Stakes</a>, which is run every spring at <a href="/wiki/Pimlico_Race_Course" title="Pimlico Race Course">Pimlico Race Course</a> in Baltimore. <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Stallions" title="Baltimore Stallions">The Baltimore Stallions</a> were a Canadian Football Team in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Football_League" title="Canadian Football League">CFL</a> that played the 1994–95 season. <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Country_Club" title="Congressional Country Club">Congressional Country Club</a> has hosted three golf tournaments for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Open_(golf)" title="U.S. Open (golf)">U.S. Open</a> and a <a href="/wiki/PGA_Championship" title="PGA Championship">PGA Championship</a>. The official state sport of Maryland, since 1962, is <a href="/wiki/Jousting" title="Jousting">jousting</a>; the official team sport since 2004 is <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">lacrosse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[217]</a> The <a href="/wiki/National_Lacrosse_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="National Lacrosse Hall of Fame">National Lacrosse Hall of Fame</a> is located in <a href="/wiki/Sparks,_Maryland" title="Sparks, Maryland">Sparks, Maryland</a> at the <a href="/wiki/US_Lacrosse" class="mw-redirect" title="US Lacrosse">USA Lacrosse</a> headquarters. In 2008, intending to promote physical fitness for all ages, <a href="/wiki/Walking#Leisure_activity" title="Walking">walking</a> became the official state exercise. Maryland is the first state with an official state exercise.<a href="#cite_note-222">[218]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Friendship_partners">Friendship partners</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Friendship partners">edit</a>]</div> Maryland has relationships with many provinces, states, and other entities worldwide. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia"><img alt="Liberia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bong_County" title="Bong County">Bong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maryland_County" title="Maryland County">Maryland Counties</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[219]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> (1996)<a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria"><img alt="Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ondo_State" title="Ondo State">Ondo States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[222]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kwazulu-Natal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwazulu-Natal">Kwazulu-Natal</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[223]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Medan_Marelan" title="Medan Marelan">Medan Marelan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Maryland" title="Portal:Maryland">Maryland portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Maryland-related_articles" title="Index of Maryland-related articles">Index of Maryland-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Maryland" title="Outline of Maryland">Outline of Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Maryland" title="List of people from Maryland">List of people from Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Maryland" title="USS Maryland">USS Maryland</a>, 4 ships</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NAVD88-6"><a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_6-0">^</a> Elevation adjusted to <a href="/wiki/North_American_Vertical_Datum_of_1988" title="North American Vertical Datum of 1988">North American Vertical Datum of 1988</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> In US English, the first syllable is pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈmɛr-/</a> even by the minority of speakers who contrast the vowels in merry <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈmɛri/</a> and Mary <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈmɛəri/</a>. The pronunciation <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈmɛərɪlənd/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">MAIR-il-ənd</a> is the predominant one in British <a href="/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" title="Received Pronunciation">Received Pronunciation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> As of 2022–2023, there were only 8,646 Nepali immigrants in Maryland; however, numerous sources cite the number of Nepali or Nepali-Bhutanese immigrants and refugees in Maryland as between 20,000 and 25,000, considering that the community has often been undercounted. </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> Including <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Protestants">Evangelical Protestants</a> (18%), <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainline Protestants">Mainline Protestants</a> (18%), and Historically[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">further explanation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/Black_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Protestant">Black Protestants</a> (16%).<a href="#cite_note-Pew_Religion_and_Politics-156">[153]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indexarticles.com/business/daily-record-the-baltimore/marylands-quality-of-life-ranks-high-compared-to-other-states/">"Maryland's quality of life ranks high compared to other states"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Record_(Maryland)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Record (Maryland)">The Daily Record</a>. July 1, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231022213144/https://indexarticles.com/business/daily-record-the-baltimore/marylands-quality-of-life-ranks-high-compared-to-other-states/">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved September 30, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Record&rft.atitle=Maryland%27s+quality+of+life+ranks+high+compared+to+other+states&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findexarticles.com%2Fbusiness%2Fdaily-record-the-baltimore%2Fmarylands-quality-of-life-ranks-high-compared-to-other-states%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitmaryland.org/Students/Pages/MarylandFacts.aspx">"Maryland Facts"</a>. Maryland Office of Tourism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613040009/http://visitmaryland.org/Students/Pages/MarylandFacts.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on June 13, 2010. Retrieved June 2, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maryland+Facts&rft.pub=Maryland+Office+of+Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitmaryland.org%2FStudents%2FPages%2FMarylandFacts.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170929054058/http://mgaleg.maryland.gov/2017RS/bills/sb/sb0088T.pdf">"Senate Bill 88"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mgaleg.maryland.gov/2017RS/bills/sb/sb0088T.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senate+Bill+88&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmgaleg.maryland.gov%2F2017RS%2Fbills%2Fsb%2Fsb0088T.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/reverse.html">"Great Seal of Maryland (reverse)"</a>. Maryland State Archives. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130104185053/http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/reverse.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 4, 2013. Retrieved March 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Great+Seal+of+Maryland+%28reverse%29&rft.pub=Maryland+State+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsa.maryland.gov%2Fmsa%2Fmdmanual%2F01glance%2Fhtml%2Fsymbols%2Freverse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGS-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">"Elevations and Distances in the United States"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>. 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">the original</a> on October 15, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elevations+and+Distances+in+the+United+States&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fegsc.usgs.gov%2Fisb%2Fpubs%2Fbooklets%2Felvadist%2Felvadist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-QuickFacts_2020_Census-7"><a href="#cite_ref-QuickFacts_2020_Census_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/MD/POP010220">"QuickFacts: Maryland"</a>. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QuickFacts%3A+Maryland&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2FMD%2FPOP010220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Wells" title="John C. Wells">Wells, John C.</a> (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0"><bdi>978-1-4058-8118-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Longman+Pronunciation+Dictionary&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bls.gov/regions/mid-atlantic/">"Mid-Atlantic Home : Mid–Atlantic Information Office"</a>. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408092405/https://www.bls.gov/regions/mid-atlantic/">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Bureau+of+Labor+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-Atlantic+Home+%3A+Mid%E2%80%93Atlantic+Information+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bls.gov%2Fregions%2Fmid-atlantic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalgeographic.org/maps/united-states-regions/">"United States Regions"</a>. National Geographic Society. January 3, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211128101711/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/maps/united-states-regions/">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic+Society&rft.atitle=United+States+Regions&rft.date=2012-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.org%2Fmaps%2Funited-states-regions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mchb.tvisdata.hrsa.gov/Narratives/Overview/5f6bf77b-2287-4416-9871-38c1d74644fd">"Maryland - 2023 - III.B. Overview of the State"</a>. mchb.tvisdata.hrsa.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240103080055/https://mchb.tvisdata.hrsa.gov/Narratives/Overview/5f6bf77b-2287-4416-9871-38c1d74644fd">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2024. Retrieved January 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mchb.tvisdata.hrsa.gov&rft.atitle=Maryland+-+2023+-+III.B.+Overview+of+the+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmchb.tvisdata.hrsa.gov%2FNarratives%2FOverview%2F5f6bf77b-2287-4416-9871-38c1d74644fd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BaltBrit-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BaltBrit_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BaltBrit_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Baltimore">"Baltimore"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. June 18, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190719161537/https://www.britannica.com/place/Baltimore">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2019. Retrieved April 25, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Baltimore&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2023-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBaltimore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/native/html/01native.html">"People, Tribes and Bands"</a>. Maryland Manual On-line: A Guide to Maryland and its Government. Maryland State Archives. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190717013734/https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/native/html/01native.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2019. Retrieved August 25, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Manual+On-line%3A+A+Guide+to+Maryland+and+its+Government&rft.atitle=People%2C+Tribes+and+Bands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmsa.maryland.gov%2Fmsa%2Fmdmanual%2F01glance%2Fnative%2Fhtml%2F01native.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cecilius_Calvert_2010-15"><a href="#cite_ref-Cecilius_Calvert_2010_15-0">^</a> "George Calvert and Cecilius Calvert, Barons Baltimore" William Hand Browne, Nabu Press (August 1, 2010), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/117662539X" title="Special:BookSources/117662539X">117662539X</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1176625396" title="Special:BookSources/978-1176625396">978-1176625396</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrugler,_John_D.2004" class="citation book cs1">Krugler, John D. (2004). English and Catholic : the Lords Baltimore in the seventeenth century. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0801879630" title="Special:BookSources/978-0801879630"><bdi>978-0801879630</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/53967315">53967315</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+and+Catholic+%3A+the+Lords+Baltimore+in+the+seventeenth+century&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F53967315&rft.isbn=978-0801879630&rft.au=Krugler%2C+John+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_17-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrews1929" class="citation book cs1">Andrews, Matthew Page (1929). History of Maryland: Province and State. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. pp. 3–5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Maryland%3A+Province+and+State&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+New+York&rft.pages=3-5&rft.pub=Doubleday%2C+Doran+%26+Company%2C+Inc&rft.date=1929&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=Matthew+Page&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-18"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/ma01.asp">"The Charter of Maryland : 1632"</a>. avalon.law.yale.edu. December 18, 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150325164510/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/ma01.asp">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=avalon.law.yale.edu&rft.atitle=The+Charter+of+Maryland+%3A+1632&rft.date=1998-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Favalon.law.yale.edu%2F17th_century%2Fma01.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/maryland_toleration.asp">"Avalon Project—Maryland Toleration Act; September 21, 1649"</a>. avalon.law.yale.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091125140850/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/maryland_toleration.asp">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2009. Retrieved May 3, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=avalon.law.yale.edu&rft.atitle=Avalon+Project%E2%80%94Maryland+Toleration+Act%3B+September+21%2C+1649&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Favalon.law.yale.edu%2F18th_century%2Fmaryland_toleration.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://proximityone.com/stmhi0910.htm">"State Median Household Income Patterns: 1990–2010"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111026201715/http://proximityone.com/stmhi0910.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2011. Retrieved August 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Median+Household+Income+Patterns%3A+1990%E2%80%932010&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fproximityone.com%2Fstmhi0910.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTom_HortonWilliam_Chesapeake_Bay_Foundation2013" class="citation book cs1">Tom Horton; William Chesapeake Bay Foundation (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FHCtrYIDq0MC&pg=PA221">Turning the Tide: Saving the Chesapeake Bay</a>. Island Press. p. 221. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781610911160" title="Special:BookSources/9781610911160"><bdi>9781610911160</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turning+the+Tide%3A+Saving+the+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=Island+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781610911160&rft.au=Tom+Horton&rft.au=William+Chesapeake+Bay+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFHCtrYIDq0MC%26pg%3DPA221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitmaryland.org/info/maryland-facts">"Maryland Facts"</a>. Visit Maryland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190425083324/https://www.visitmaryland.org/info/maryland-facts">Archived</a> from the original on April 25, 2019. Retrieved April 25, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Visit+Maryland&rft.atitle=Maryland+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitmaryland.org%2Finfo%2Fmaryland-facts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.native-languages.org/maryland.htm">"Maryland Indian Tribes and Languages"</a>. www.native-languages.org. Retrieved September 3, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.native-languages.org&rft.atitle=Maryland+Indian+Tribes+and+Languages&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.native-languages.org%2Fmaryland.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stewart_1967_42–43-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_1967_42–43_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart1967" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_R._Stewart" title="George R. Stewart">Stewart, George R.</a> (1967) [1945]. 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Maryland State Archives. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010135440/http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/speccol/photos/lowe/html/sm_2.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2017. Retrieved September 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+State+Archives&rft.atitle=Maryland+In+Focus%E2%80%94St.+Mary%27s+County&rft.aulast=Masser&rft.aufirst=Kristin+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsa.maryland.gov%2Fmsa%2Fspeccol%2Fphotos%2Flowe%2Fhtml%2Fsm_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> History of Maryland, p. 32 </li> <li id="cite_note-iha-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iha_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iha_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iha_28-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322155310/http://www.ushistory.org/us/5a.asp">"Maryland—The Catholic Experiment"</a>. www.ushistory.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ushistory.org/us/5a.asp">the original</a> on March 22, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ushistory.org&rft.atitle=Maryland%E2%80%94The+Catholic+Experiment&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ushistory.org%2Fus%2F5a.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-washingtonpost.com-29"><a href="#cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_29-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwell2008" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Megan_Greenwell" title="Megan Greenwell">Greenwell, Megan</a> (August 21, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/15/AR2008081504104.html">"Religious Freedom Byway Would Recognize Maryland's Historic Role"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210217132059/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/15/AR2008081504104.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved May 3, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Religious+Freedom+Byway+Would+Recognize+Maryland%27s+Historic+Role&rft.date=2008-08-21&rft.aulast=Greenwell&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F08%2F15%2FAR2008081504104.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_30-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilder2016" class="citation book cs1">Wilder, Craig Steven (2016). "War and Priests: Catholic Colleges and Slavery in the Age of Revolution". In Beckert, Seth; Rockman, Seth (eds.). Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania. p. 233. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-4841-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-4841-8"><bdi>978-0-8122-4841-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=War+and+Priests%3A+Catholic+Colleges+and+Slavery+in+the+Age+of+Revolution&rft.btitle=Slavery%27s+Capitalism%3A+A+New+History+of+American+Economic+Development&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+PA&rft.pages=233&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-8122-4841-8&rft.aulast=Wilder&rft.aufirst=Craig+Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Taylor, Owen M., History of Annapolis (1872) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vr9ib-I1WlIC">p. 5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> Brenner, Robert. Merchants and Revolution London:Verso. 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85984-333-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85984-333-6">1-85984-333-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTom2014" class="citation web cs1">Tom (March 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostsofbaltimore.org/2014/03/04/lord-baltimores-map-maryland-1732/">"Lord Baltimore's Map of Maryland in 1732"</a>. Ghosts of Baltimore. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190225044819/https://ghostsofbaltimore.org/2014/03/04/lord-baltimores-map-maryland-1732/">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2019. Retrieved February 24, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ghosts+of+Baltimore&rft.atitle=Lord+Baltimore%27s+Map+of+Maryland+in+1732&rft.date=2014-03-04&rft.au=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fghostsofbaltimore.org%2F2014%2F03%2F04%2Flord-baltimores-map-maryland-1732%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hubbard-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard_34-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hubbard_34-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHubbard2009" class="citation book cs1">Hubbard, Bill Jr. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanboundari00jrbi">American Boundaries: the Nation, the States, the Rectangular Survey</a>. University of Chicago Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanboundari00jrbi/page/n35">21</a>–23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-35591-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-35591-7"><bdi>978-0-226-35591-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Boundaries%3A+the+Nation%2C+the+States%2C+the+Rectangular+Survey&rft.pages=21-23&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-226-35591-7&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=Bill+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanboundari00jrbi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folger.edu/html/folger_institute/jamestown/c_shifflet.htm">"Indentured Servants and the Pursuits of Happiness"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100104180311/http://www.folger.edu/html/folger_institute/jamestown/c_shifflet.htm">Archived</a> January 4, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Crandall Shifflett, Virginia Tech. </li> <li id="cite_note-Heinegg-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Heinegg_36-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/">Paul Heinegg. Free African Americans in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland and Delaware</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100807191511/http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/">Archived</a> August 7, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved February 15, 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kolchin-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kolchin_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kolchin_37-1">b</a> Peter Kolchin, American Slavery: 1619–1877, New York: Hill and Wang, 1993, pp. 81–82 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/harriet-tubman">"Harriet Tubman"</a>. HISTORY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121457/https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/harriet-tubman">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2019. 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New York, NY: Barnes & Noble Classics. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59308-041-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59308-041-9"><bdi>978-1-59308-041-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrative+of+the+Life+of+Frederick+Douglass%2C+an+American+Slave&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble+Classics&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-59308-041-9&rft.aulast=Douglass&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dilts-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Dilts_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDilts1993" class="citation book cs1">Dilts, James D. (1993). The Great Road: The Building of the Baltimore and Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828–1853. 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West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-911198-81-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-911198-81-2"><bdi>978-0-911198-81-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Baltimore+and+Ohio+Railroad&rft.place=West+Lafayette%2C+IN&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Purdue+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-911198-81-2&rft.aulast=Stover&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalter_Coffey2016" class="citation web cs1">Walter Coffey (April 29, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817135903/https://civilwarmonths.com/2016/04/29/maryland-remains-in-the-union/">"Maryland Remains in the Union"</a>. 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Retrieved February 11, 2014 – via Brandon Kendhammer, Ohio University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Democratization+and+the+Disfranchisement+of+African+Americans+in+the+US+South+during+the+Late+19th+Century&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Tuck&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brandonkendhammer.com%2Fdemocratization_Spring2013%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F11%2FTuck-2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WDL-46"><a href="#cite_ref-WDL_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11374/">"Bird's Eye View of Cumberland, Maryland 1906"</a>. <a href="/wiki/World_Digital_Library" title="World Digital Library">World Digital Library</a>. 1906. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003004014/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11374/">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2013. 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UM Carey Law. pp. 1, 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112451/http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1093&context=mlr">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 19, 2015. <q>... 1937 Special Session of the Maryland Legislature imposed an income tax ... expenditure of public funds for the benefit of able-bodied persons whose inability to support themselves arises from the prevalence of widespread unemployment.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Law+Review&rft.atitle=History+and+Constitutionality+of+the+Maryland+Income+Tax+Law&rft.pages=pp.+1%2C+6&rft.date=1937-12&rft.aulast=Cairns&rft.aufirst=Huntington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1093%26context%3Dmlr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804222419/http://calvertmarinemuseum.com/DocumentCenter/View/2347/-Bugeye-Times-Winter-2017?bidId=">"The Steamboats of Chesapeake Bay"</a>. 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Retrieved October 24, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zone+Hardiness+Map+through+Prairie+Frontier&rft.pub=Prairiefrontier.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prairiefrontier.com%2Fpages%2Fhardiness%2Fzone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Leeds_Bozman1837" class="citation book cs1">John Leeds Bozman (1837). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historymaryland00bozmgoog">The history of Maryland: from its first settlement, in 1633, to the restoration, in 1660; with a copious introduction, and notes and illustrations</a>. J. Lucas & E.K. 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Arbor Day Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180629141838/https://www.arborday.org/media/zones.cfm">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2018. Retrieved March 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hardiness+Zones&rft.pub=Arbor+Day+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arborday.org%2Fmedia%2Fzones.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/list_terrestrial_plants.html">"Invasive Species of concern in Maryland"</a>. Mdinvasivesp.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100103082840/http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/list_terrestrial_plants.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Invasive+Species+of+concern+in+Maryland&rft.pub=Mdinvasivesp.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdinvasivesp.org%2Flist_terrestrial_plants.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maryland_Wildlife-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maryland_Wildlife_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maryland_Wildlife_69-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070830021023/http://www.sailor.lib.md.us/MD_topics/res/env_ani.html">"Maryland Animals"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sailor.lib.md.us/MD_topics/res/env_ani.html">the original</a> on August 30, 2007. Retrieved August 30, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maryland+Animals&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sailor.lib.md.us%2FMD_topics%2Fres%2Fenv_ani.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTherres2007" class="citation web cs1">Therres, Glenn (Fall 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110419203123/http://www.dnr.state.md.us/naturalresource/fall2007/lions.pdf">"Lions in our mountains? The mystery of cougars in Maryland"</a> (PDF). Wildlife and Heritage. Maryland Department of Natural Resources. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.state.md.us/naturalresource/fall2007/lions.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on April 19, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2009. <q>Historically bobcats were distributed statewide but during the post colonization period densities began to plummet. By the mid-1900s, populations had probably reached all-time lows, with remnant populations existing only in western Maryland. This prompted the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to classify them as a state-listed "Species of Special Concern." During the past quarter century, occupied range and densities have increased markedly. Results from the annual Bowhunter Survey and the Hunter Mail survey have identified bobcat sightings in 14 of Maryland's 23 counties. Currently, bobcats have dual legal classification in Maryland. In addition to the Species of Special Concern designation, they are also defined as a Game Animal / Furbearer with a closed harvest season.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wildlife+and+Heritage&rft.atitle=Lions+in+our+mountains%3F+The+mystery+of+cougars+in+Maryland&rft.ssn=fall&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Therres&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnr.state.md.us%2Fnaturalresource%2Ffall2007%2Flions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110815030808/http://www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/Hunt_Trap/furbearers/coyote.asp">"Coyotes in Maryland"</a>. Maryland Department of Natural Resources. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/Hunt_Trap/furbearers/coyote.asp">the original</a> on August 15, 2011. Retrieved September 16, 2011. <q>Coyotes were historically a western species with core populations found west of the Mississippi River. Alterations and/or elimination of competing predators during the post-European colonization period facilitated rapid range expansion into eastern North America during the 20th Century. Established populations now occur in every state and province in North America. Coyotes are a relatively new addition to local ecosystems, and were first documented in Maryland during 1972. Initial substantiated sightings occurred in Cecil, Frederick and Washington counties. Since that time population densities and occupied range have expanded incrementally and coyotes now occur statewide.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coyotes+in+Maryland&rft.pub=Maryland+Department+of+Natural+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnr.state.md.us%2Fwildlife%2FHunt_Trap%2Ffurbearers%2Fcoyote.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-horse-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-horse_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-horse_72-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-horse_72-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.assateagueisland.com/wildlife/pony.htm">"Assateague Island National Seashore wild Ponies"</a>. Assateagueisland.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100304232538/http://www.assateagueisland.com/wildlife/pony.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Assateague+Island+National+Seashore+wild+Ponies&rft.pub=Assateagueisland.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.assateagueisland.com%2Fwildlife%2Fpony.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maryland1-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maryland1_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maryland1_73-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101024192224/http://www.k9web.com/dog-faqs/breeds/chessies.html">"Chesapeake Bay Retriever History"</a>. K9web.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.k9web.com/dog-faqs/breeds/chessies.html">the original</a> on October 24, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chesapeake+Bay+Retriever+History&rft.pub=K9web.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.k9web.com%2Fdog-faqs%2Fbreeds%2Fchessies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180709010633/https://www.marylandbiodiversity.com/viewSpecies.php?species=865">"Eastern Box Turtle"</a>. Maryland Biodiversity Project. 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Maryland/District of Columbia Records Committee. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdbirds.org/mddcrc/pdf/mdlist.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 9, 2018. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2007/10/16/environment-energy-vermont-biz-beltway-cx_bw_mm_1017greenstates_2.html">the original</a> on November 5, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes.com&rft.atitle=America%27s+Greenest+States&rft.date=2007-10-16&rft.aulast=Wingfield&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Miriam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2007%2F10%2F16%2Fenvironment-energy-vermont-biz-beltway-cx_bw_mm_1017greenstates_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rggi.org/program-overview-and-design/design-archive">"Program Design Archive"</a>. 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Retrieved December 17, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NowData%E2%80%94NOAA+Online+Weather+Data&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fw2.weather.gov%2Fclimate%2Fxmacis.php%3Fwfo%3Dlwx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/USMD0294">"Monthly Averages for Oakland, MD"</a>. weather.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927112832/http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/USMD0294">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Oakland%2C+MD&rft.pub=weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fweather%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2FUSMD0294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA_Cumberland-87"><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_Cumberland_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USC00182282.normals.txt">"Station Name: MD Cumberland 2"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525202652/ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USC00182282.normals.txt">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Station+Name%3A+MD+Cumberland+2&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.ncdc.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2Fdata%2Fnormals%2F1981-2010%2Fproducts%2Fstation%2FUSC00182282.normals.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/USMD0195">"Monthly Averages for Hagerstown, MD"</a>. weather.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927112834/http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/USMD0195">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Hagerstown%2C+MD&rft.pub=weather.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fweather%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2FUSMD0195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA_Frederick-89"><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_Frederick_89-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USC00183348.normals.txt">"Station Name: MD Frederick Police Brks"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525202658/ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USC00183348.normals.txt">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Station+Name%3A+MD+Frederick+Police+Brks&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.ncdc.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2Fdata%2Fnormals%2F1981-2010%2Fproducts%2Fstation%2FUSC00183348.normals.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA_Baltimore_downtown-90"><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_Baltimore_downtown_90-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USW00093784.normals.txt">"Station Name: MD MD Sci Ctr Baltimore"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525202702/ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USW00093784.normals.txt">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Station+Name%3A+MD+MD+Sci+Ctr+Baltimore&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.ncdc.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2Fdata%2Fnormals%2F1981-2010%2Fproducts%2Fstation%2FUSW00093784.normals.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/21921">"Monthly Averages for Elkton, MD (21921)"</a>. The Weather Channel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106191004/https://weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/21921">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Elkton%2C+MD+%2821921%29&rft.pub=The+Weather+Channel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fweather%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2F21921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA_Ocean_City-92"><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_Ocean_City_92-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USW00093786.normals.txt">"Station Name: MD Ocean City Muni Ap"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525202706/ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USW00093786.normals.txt">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Station+Name%3A+MD+Ocean+City+Muni+Ap&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.ncdc.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2Fdata%2Fnormals%2F1981-2010%2Fproducts%2Fstation%2FUSW00093786.normals.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USMD0414">"Monthly Averages for Waldorf, MD"</a>. The Weather Channel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106191134/https://weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USMD0414">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Waldorf%2C+MD&rft.pub=The+Weather+Channel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.com%2Fweather%2Fwxclimatology%2Fmonthly%2Fgraph%2FUSMD0414&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://weather.com/weather/monthly/l/20687">"Monthly Averages for Point Lookout State Park [Scotland, MD]"</a>. The Weather Channel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110081756/https://weather.com/weather/monthly/l/20687">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monthly+Averages+for+Point+Lookout+State+Park+%5BScotland%2C+MD%5D&rft.pub=The+Weather+Channel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweather.com%2Fweather%2Fmonthly%2Fl%2F20687&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/P1000II5.TXT?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=2000+Thru+2005&Docs=&Query=&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D%3A%5Czyfiles%5CIndex%20Data%5C00thru05%5CTxt%5C00000014%5CP1000II5.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=1&SeekPage=x&ZyPURL">"Calvert County, Maryland's Success in Controlling Sprawl"</a>. Environmental Protection Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160913223055/https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/P1000II5.TXT?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=2000+Thru+2005&Docs=&Query=&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D%3A%5Czyfiles%5CIndex%20Data%5C00thru05%5CTxt%5C00000014%5CP1000II5.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=1&SeekPage=x&ZyPURL">Archived</a> from the original on September 13, 2016. Retrieved September 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calvert+County%2C+Maryland%27s+Success+in+Controlling+Sprawl&rft.pub=Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnepis.epa.gov%2FExe%2FZyNET.exe%2FP1000II5.TXT%3FZyActionD%3DZyDocument%26Client%3DEPA%26Index%3D2000%2BThru%2B2005%26Docs%3D%26Query%3D%26Time%3D%26EndTime%3D%26SearchMethod%3D1%26TocRestrict%3Dn%26Toc%3D%26TocEntry%3D%26QField%3D%26QFieldYear%3D%26QFieldMonth%3D%26QFieldDay%3D%26IntQFieldOp%3D0%26ExtQFieldOp%3D0%26XmlQuery%3D%26File%3DD%253A%255Czyfiles%255CIndex%2520Data%255C00thru05%255CTxt%255C00000014%255CP1000II5.txt%26User%3DANONYMOUS%26Password%3Danonymous%26SortMethod%3Dh%257C-%26MaximumDocuments%3D1%26FuzzyDegree%3D0%26ImageQuality%3Dr75g8%2Fr75g8%2Fx150y150g16%2Fi425%26Display%3Dhpfr%26DefSeekPage%3Dx%26SearchBack%3DZyActionL%26Back%3DZyActionS%26BackDesc%3DResults%2520page%26MaximumPages%3D1%26ZyEntry%3D1%26SeekPage%3Dx%26ZyPURL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShields,_Todd1997" class="citation news cs1">Shields, Todd (February 16, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/local/longterm/library/growth/part1/southmd.htm">"On Edge"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160917123821/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/local/longterm/library/growth/part1/southmd.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 17, 2016. Retrieved September 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=On+Edge&rft.date=1997-02-16&rft.au=Shields%2C+Todd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Flocal%2Flongterm%2Flibrary%2Fgrowth%2Fpart1%2Fsouthmd.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-censusdata-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-censusdata_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusdata_97-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210429012609/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html">"Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020)"</a>. Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html">the original</a> on April 29, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census.gov&rft.atitle=Historical+Population+Change+Data+%281910%E2%80%932020%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fdata%2Ftables%2Ftime-series%2Fdec%2Fpopchange-data-text.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopEstUS-98"><a href="#cite_ref-PopEstUS_98-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/md,US/PST045218">"QuickFacts Maryland; United States"</a>. 2018 Population Estimates. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, Population Division. February 7, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123843/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/md,US/PST045218">Archived</a> from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 7, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2018+Population+Estimates&rft.atitle=QuickFacts+Maryland%3B+United+States&rft.date=2019-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fmd%2CUS%2FPST045218&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_maryland.pdf">"Immigrants in Maryland"</a> (PDF). American Immigration Council. 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230811224047/https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_maryland.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on August 11, 2023. Retrieved August 12, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Immigration+Council&rft.atitle=Immigrants+in+Maryland&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanimmigrationcouncil.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fresearch%2Fimmigrants_in_maryland.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011212170351/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt">"Population and Population Centers by State—2000"</a>. United States Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt">the original</a> on December 12, 2001. Retrieved December 5, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+and+Population+Centers+by+State%E2%80%942000&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fwww%2Fcenpop%2Fstatecenters.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080605104450/http://dixienet.org/New%20Site/thesouthasitsownnation.shtml">"The South As It's [sic] Own Nation"</a>. League of the South. 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dixienet.org/New%20Site/thesouthasitsownnation.shtml">the original</a> on June 5, 2008. Retrieved May 23, 2008. <q>On the other hand, areas beyond these thirteen States maintain their Southern culture to varying degrees. Much of Missouri remains basically Southern, as do parts of southern Maryland and Maryland's eastern shore.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+South+As+It%27s%26%2332%3B%26%2391%3Bsic%26%2393%3B+Own+Nation&rft.pub=League+of+the+South&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdixienet.org%2FNew%2520Site%2Fthesouthasitsownnation.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckRandallFrandsen2007" class="citation web cs1">Beck, John; Randall, Aaron & Frandsen, Wendy (June 27, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cap-press.com/pdf/1517.pdf">"Southern Culture: An Introduction"</a> (PDF). Durham, North Carolina: Carolina Academic Press. pp. 14–15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708114653/http://www.cap-press.com/pdf/1517.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved May 23, 2008. <q>Kentucky, Missouri, West Virginia, and Maryland – slaveholding states and regions before the Civil War that did not secede from the Union – are also often included as part of the South. As border states, these states always were crossroads of values and customs, and today parts of Maryland seem to have become part of the 'Northeast'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Southern+Culture%3A+An+Introduction&rft.place=Durham%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=14-15&rft.pub=Carolina+Academic+Press&rft.date=2007-06-27&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Randall%2C+Aaron&rft.au=Frandsen%2C+Wendy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cap-press.com%2Fpdf%2F1517.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOC-103"><a href="#cite_ref-LOC_103-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/rrhtml/regdef.html">"Regions of the United States"</a>. American Memory. 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U.S. Census Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200726220420/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/MD/PST045219">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QuickFacts%3A+Maryland&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2FMD%2FPST045219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080725044857/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html">"Maryland—Race and Hispanic Origin: 1790 to 1990"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. 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Retrieved May 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baltimore+Business+Journal&rft.atitle=Education+Viewpoint%3A+This+pandemic+puts+online+education+in+the+spotlight&rft.date=2020-04-08&rft.aulast=Miyares&rft.aufirst=Javier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fbaltimore%2Fnews%2F2020%2F04%2F08%2Fviewpoint-this-pandemic-puts-online-education-in.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD'Amato2020" class="citation web cs1">D'Amato, Pete (May 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hechingerreport.org/coronavirus-accelerates-higher-educations-trend-toward-distance-learning/">"Coronavirus accelerates higher education's trend toward distance learning"</a>. The Hechinger Report. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200516215547/https://hechingerreport.org/coronavirus-accelerates-higher-educations-trend-toward-distance-learning/">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hechinger+Report&rft.atitle=Coronavirus+accelerates+higher+education%27s+trend+toward+distance+learning&rft.date=2020-05-01&rft.aulast=D%27Amato&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhechingerreport.org%2Fcoronavirus-accelerates-higher-educations-trend-toward-distance-learning%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cosmos.somd.lib.md.us/">"Home"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161115131855/https://cosmos.somd.lib.md.us/">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2016. Retrieved November 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcosmos.somd.lib.md.us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imls.gov/grants/grants-state/state-profiles/maryland">"Institute of Museum and Library Services—Maryland State Profile"</a>. IMLS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190227060812/https://www.imls.gov/grants/grants-state/state-profiles/maryland">Archived</a> from the original on February 27, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMLS&rft.atitle=Institute+of+Museum+and+Library+Services%E2%80%94Maryland+State+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imls.gov%2Fgrants%2Fgrants-state%2Fstate-profiles%2Fmaryland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/sports/bal-top-175-top-10-story-gallery,0,2436595.storygallery">"Top 10 Maryland athletes in The Sun's 175-year history"</a>. Baltimore Sun. May 16, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130120112259/http://www.baltimoresun.com/sports/bal-top-175-top-10-story-gallery,0,2436595.storygallery">Archived</a> from the original on January 20, 2013. Retrieved March 16, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Top+10+Maryland+athletes+in+The+Sun%27s+175-year+history&rft.date=2012-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fsports%2Fbal-top-175-top-10-story-gallery%2C0%2C2436595.storygallery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/sport.html">"State Symbols"</a>. Maryland State Archives. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527151933/http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/symbols/sport.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved December 6, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Symbols&rft.pub=Maryland+State+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msa.md.gov%2Fmsa%2Fmdmanual%2F01glance%2Fhtml%2Fsymbols%2Fsport.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130928143050/http://www.journalism.umd.edu/cns/wire/2008-editions/09-September-editions/080930-Tuesday/WalkingState_CNS-UMCP.html">"State Symbols: Marylanders take a walk, and eat cake too"</a>. Journalism.umd.edu. September 30, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.journalism.umd.edu/cns/wire/2008-editions/09-September-editions/080930-Tuesday/WalkingState_CNS-UMCP.html">the original</a> on September 28, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+Symbols%3A+Marylanders+take+a+walk%2C+and+eat+cake+too&rft.pub=Journalism.umd.edu&rft.date=2008-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journalism.umd.edu%2Fcns%2Fwire%2F2008-editions%2F09-September-editions%2F080930-Tuesday%2FWalkingState_CNS-UMCP.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-bong-county-maryland-county-liberia/">"Bong County & Maryland County, Liberia"</a>. Maryland Sister States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210904145146/https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-bong-county-maryland-county-liberia/">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved September 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Sister+States&rft.atitle=Bong+County+%26+Maryland+County%2C+Liberia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marylandsisterstates.org%2Fabout-bong-county-maryland-county-liberia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-state-of-jalisco-mexico">"State of Jalisco, Mexico"</a>. Maryland Sister States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210903140450/https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-state-of-jalisco-mexico/">Archived</a> from the original on September 3, 2021. Retrieved September 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Sister+States&rft.atitle=State+of+Jalisco%2C+Mexico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marylandsisterstates.org%2Fabout-state-of-jalisco-mexico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-cross-river-state-nigeria/">"Cross River State, Nigeria"</a>. Maryland Sister States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210918045936/https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-cross-river-state-nigeria/">Archived</a> from the original on September 18, 2021. Retrieved September 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Sister+States&rft.atitle=Cross+River+State%2C+Nigeria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marylandsisterstates.org%2Fabout-cross-river-state-nigeria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-ondo-state-nigeria/">"Ondo State, Nigeria"</a>. Maryland Sister States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210918043006/https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/about-ondo-state-nigeria/">Archived</a> from the original on September 18, 2021. Retrieved September 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Sister+States&rft.atitle=Ondo+State%2C+Nigeria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marylandsisterstates.org%2Fabout-ondo-state-nigeria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/kwazulu-natal-south-africa/">"Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa"</a>. Maryland Sister States. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210904145139/https://www.marylandsisterstates.org/kwazulu-natal-south-africa/">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2021. Retrieved September 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Sister+States&rft.atitle=Kwazulu-Natal%2C+South+Africa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marylandsisterstates.org%2Fkwazulu-natal-south-africa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://net24jam.id/ternyata-ini-asal-usul-marelan-salah-satu-kecamatan-di-kota-medan/">"It turns out that this is the origin of Marelan, one of the sub-districts in Medan City"</a>. Net24jam.id. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231022213147/https://net24jam.id/ternyata-ini-asal-usul-marelan-salah-satu-kecamatan-di-kota-medan/">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Net24jam.id&rft.atitle=It+turns+out+that+this+is+the+origin+of+Marelan%2C+one+of+the+sub-districts+in+Medan+City&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnet24jam.id%2Fternyata-ini-asal-usul-marelan-salah-satu-kecamatan-di-kota-medan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrugger1988" class="citation book cs1">Brugger, Robert J. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fNspu2FxwUwC&pg=PP1">Maryland, A Middle Temperament: 1634–1980</a>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5465-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5465-1"><bdi>978-0-8018-5465-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maryland%2C+A+Middle+Temperament%3A+1634%E2%80%931980&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-5465-1&rft.aulast=Brugger&rft.aufirst=Robert+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfNspu2FxwUwC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappelle1986" class="citation book cs1">Chappelle, Susan Ellery Green; et al. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zw87C-gF8GgC&pg=PP1">Maryland: A History of its People</a>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-3005-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-3005-1"><bdi>978-0-8018-3005-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maryland%3A+A+History+of+its+People&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-3005-1&rft.aulast=Chappelle&rft.aufirst=Susan+Ellery+Green&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzw87C-gF8GgC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Davis, William Wilkins. Religion and Politics in Maryland on the Eve of the Civil War: The Letters of W. Wilkins Davis. Foreword by Charles W. Mitchell. 1988; rev. ed., Eugene, Ore.: Wipf & Stock, 2009.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenton1995" class="citation book cs1">Denton, Lawrence M. (1995). A Southern Star for Maryland. Baltimore: Publishing Concepts. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9635159-3-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9635159-3-3"><bdi>978-0-9635159-3-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Southern+Star+for+Maryland&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Publishing+Concepts&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-9635159-3-3&rft.aulast=Denton&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsh2011" class="citation book cs1">Marsh, Carole (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QEALLg_Yo0wC&pg=PA5">My First Pocket Guide About Maryland</a>. Gallopade International. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780635086280" title="Special:BookSources/9780635086280"><bdi>9780635086280</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+First+Pocket+Guide+About+Maryland&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Gallopade+International&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780635086280&rft.aulast=Marsh&rft.aufirst=Carole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQEALLg_Yo0wC%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaryland" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Maryland at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Maryland" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Maryland">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Maryland" class="extiw" title="c:Maryland">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Maryland" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Maryland">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Maryland" class="extiw" title="q:Maryland">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Maryland" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Maryland">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Maryland" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Maryland">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Maryland" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Maryland">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Maryland" class="extiw" title="voy:Maryland">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maryland.gov/Pages/default.aspx?jse=0">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitmaryland.org/">Maryland Office of Tourism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090105205944/http://visitmaryland.org/">Archived</a> January 5, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229213555/http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=MD">Energy Data & Statistics for Maryland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070219020312/http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=MD">USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Maryland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111154525/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/24000.html">U.S. Census Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09755b.htm">Catholic Encyclopedia article</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612165717/http://newadvent.org/cathen/09755b.htm">Archived</a> June 12, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=24&StateName=Maryland#.U8A5S_ldUeo">Maryland State Facts from USDA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160824212759/http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=24&StateName=Maryland#.U8A5S_ldUeo">Archived</a> August 24, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/162112">Maryland</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/speccol/maps/carto/html/carto_h.html">Maryland State Archives: Special Collections, Map Collections</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110160015/https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/speccol/maps/carto/html/carto_h.html">Archived</a> November 10, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdhs.org/library/research-resources/county-maps">Maryland Historical Society: County Maps</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200719235924/https://www.mdhs.org/library/research-resources/county-maps">Archived</a> July 19, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/speccol/1399/carto/html/hopkins.html">The Huntingfield Map Collection</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200630123831/https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/speccol/1399/carto/html/hopkins.html">Archived</a> June 30, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guides.loc.gov/maryland-state-guide">Maryland: State Resource Guide, from the Library of Congress</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419133131/https://guides.loc.gov/maryland-state-guide">Archived</a> April 19, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union</a> Ratified <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">Constitution</a> on April 28, 1788 (7th) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Maryland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maryland" title="Template:Maryland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maryland" title="Template talk:Maryland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Maryland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maryland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Maryland" title="Outline of Maryland">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Maryland-related_articles" title="Index of Maryland-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Maryland" title="List of municipalities in Maryland">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Maryland" title="Government of Maryland">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_congressional_districts" title="Maryland's congressional districts">Congressional delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maryland_congressional_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Maryland congressional districts">Congressional maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Maryland" title="History of Maryland">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Maryland" title="Category:Mass media in Maryland">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Maryland" title="List of newspapers in Maryland">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Maryland" title="List of radio stations in Maryland">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Maryland" title="List of television stations in Maryland">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Maryland" title="List of people from Maryland">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maryland_state_symbols" title="List of Maryland state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Maryland" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Maryland">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Maryland" title="Abortion in Maryland">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Maryland" title="African Americans in Maryland">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Maryland" title="Agriculture in Maryland">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Maryland" title="Climate change in Maryland">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of Maryland">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Maryland" title="Crime in Maryland">Crime</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Demographics">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_Maryland" title="Category:Economy of Maryland">Economy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Maryland" title="Gun laws in Maryland">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Maryland">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Maryland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Maryland">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Maryland" title="Sports in Maryland">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Maryland" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Mountains" title="Allegheny Mountains">Allegheny Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_coastal_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic coastal plain">Atlantic coastal plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Mountains" title="Blue Ridge Mountains">Blue Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Valley" title="Cumberland Valley">Cumberland Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Peninsula" title="Delmarva Peninsula">Delmarva Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Shore_of_Maryland" title="Eastern Shore of Maryland">Eastern Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont_(United_States)" title="Piedmont (United States)">Piedmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridge-and-Valley_Appalachians" title="Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians">Ridge and Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Maryland" title="Southern Maryland">Southern Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidewater_(region)" title="Tidewater (region)">Tidewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore_combined_statistical_area" title="Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area">Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">Baltimore metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Maryland" title="Western Maryland">Western Maryland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Maryland" title="List of municipalities in Maryland">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen,_Maryland" title="Aberdeen, Maryland">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowie,_Maryland" title="Bowie, Maryland">Bowie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick,_Maryland" title="Brunswick, Maryland">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Maryland" title="Cambridge, Maryland">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Park,_Maryland" title="College Park, Maryland">College Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Maryland" title="Cumberland, Maryland">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland" title="Frederick, Maryland">Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaithersburg,_Maryland" title="Gaithersburg, Maryland">Gaithersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenbelt,_Maryland" title="Greenbelt, Maryland">Greenbelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">Hagerstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havre_de_Grace,_Maryland" title="Havre de Grace, Maryland">Havre de Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurel,_Maryland" title="Laurel, Maryland">Laurel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocomoke_City,_Maryland" title="Pocomoke City, Maryland">Pocomoke City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockville,_Maryland" title="Rockville, Maryland">Rockville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takoma_Park,_Maryland" title="Takoma Park, Maryland">Takoma Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster,_Maryland" title="Westminster, Maryland">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Maryland" title="List of municipalities in Maryland">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bel_Air,_Harford_County,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Bel Air, Harford County, Maryland">Bel Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Maryland" title="Denton, Maryland">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easton,_Maryland" title="Easton, Maryland">Easton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkton,_Maryland" title="Elkton, Maryland">Elkton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardtown,_Maryland" title="Leonardtown, Maryland">Leonardtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_City,_Maryland" title="Ocean City, Maryland">Ocean City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Deposit,_Maryland" title="Port Deposit, Maryland">Port Deposit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Marlboro,_Maryland" title="Upper Marlboro, Maryland">Upper Marlboro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_census-designated_places_in_Maryland" title="List of census-designated places in Maryland">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbutus,_Maryland" title="Arbutus, Maryland">Arbutus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold,_Maryland" title="Arnold, Maryland">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspen_Hill,_Maryland" title="Aspen Hill, Maryland">Aspen Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Highlands,_Maryland" title="Baltimore Highlands, Maryland">Baltimore Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethesda,_Maryland" title="Bethesda, Maryland">Bethesda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Springs,_Maryland" title="Camp Springs, Maryland">Camp Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carney,_Maryland" title="Carney, Maryland">Carney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catonsville,_Maryland" title="Catonsville, Maryland">Catonsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chillum,_Maryland" title="Chillum, Maryland">Chillum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton,_Maryland" title="Clinton, Maryland">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockeysville,_Maryland" title="Cockeysville, Maryland">Cockeysville-Hunt Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colesville,_Maryland" title="Colesville, Maryland">Colesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Maryland" title="Columbia, Maryland">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crofton,_Maryland" title="Crofton, Maryland">Crofton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundalk,_Maryland" title="Dundalk, Maryland">Dundalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgewood,_Maryland" title="Edgewood, Maryland">Edgewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldersburg,_Maryland" title="Eldersburg, Maryland">Eldersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkridge,_Maryland" title="Elkridge, Maryland">Elkridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellicott_City,_Maryland" title="Ellicott City, Maryland">Ellicott City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Maryland" title="Essex, Maryland">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairland,_Maryland" title="Fairland, Maryland">Fairland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferndale,_Maryland" title="Ferndale, Maryland">Ferndale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Washington,_Maryland" title="Fort Washington, Maryland">Fort Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Maryland" title="Germantown, Maryland">Germantown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Burnie,_Maryland" title="Glen Burnie, Maryland">Glen Burnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Haven,_Maryland" title="Green Haven, Maryland">Green Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillcrest_Heights,_Maryland" title="Hillcrest Heights, Maryland">Hillcrest Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landover,_Maryland" title="Landover, Maryland">Landover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley_Park,_Maryland" title="Langley Park, Maryland">Langley Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanham,_Maryland" title="Lanham, Maryland">Lanham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansdowne,_Maryland" title="Lansdowne, Maryland">Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochearn,_Maryland" title="Lochearn, Maryland">Lochearn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutherville,_Maryland" title="Lutherville, Maryland">Lutherville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_River,_Maryland" title="Middle River, Maryland">Middle River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford_Mill,_Maryland" title="Milford Mill, Maryland">Milford Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Village,_Maryland" title="Montgomery Village, Maryland">Montgomery Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odenton,_Maryland" title="Odenton, Maryland">Odenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olney,_Maryland" title="Olney, Maryland">Olney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owings_Mills,_Maryland" title="Owings Mills, Maryland">Owings Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxon_Hill,_Maryland" title="Oxon Hill, Maryland">Oxon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkville,_Maryland" title="Parkville, Maryland">Parkville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_Maryland" title="Pasadena, Maryland">Pasadena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Hall,_Maryland" title="Perry Hall, Maryland">Perry Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikesville,_Maryland" title="Pikesville, Maryland">Pikesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potomac,_Maryland" title="Potomac, Maryland">Potomac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randallstown,_Maryland" title="Randallstown, Maryland">Randallstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redland,_Maryland" title="Redland, Maryland">Redland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reisterstown,_Maryland" title="Reisterstown, Maryland">Reisterstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosedale,_Maryland" title="Rosedale, Maryland">Rosedale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Charles,_Maryland" title="St. Charles, Maryland">St. Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severn,_Maryland" title="Severn, Maryland">Severn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severna_Park,_Maryland" title="Severna Park, Maryland">Severna Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Spring,_Maryland" title="Silver Spring, Maryland">Silver Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Gate,_Maryland" title="South Gate, Maryland">South Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suitland,_Maryland" title="Suitland, Maryland">Suitland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timonium,_Maryland" title="Timonium, Maryland">Timonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Towson,_Maryland" title="Towson, Maryland">Towson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbana,_Maryland" title="Urbana, Maryland">Urbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf,_Maryland" title="Waldorf, Maryland">Waldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton%E2%80%93Glenmont,_Maryland" title="Wheaton–Glenmont, Maryland">Wheaton-Glenmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Oak,_Maryland" title="White Oak, Maryland">White Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlawn,_Baltimore_County,_Maryland" title="Woodlawn, Baltimore County, Maryland">Woodlawn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Maryland" title="List of counties in Maryland">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegany_County,_Maryland" title="Allegany County, Maryland">Allegany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County,_Maryland" title="Anne Arundel County, Maryland">Anne Arundel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_County,_Maryland" title="Baltimore County, Maryland">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvert_County,_Maryland" title="Calvert County, Maryland">Calvert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_County,_Maryland" title="Caroline County, Maryland">Caroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Maryland" title="Carroll County, Maryland">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_County,_Maryland" title="Cecil County, Maryland">Cecil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_County,_Maryland" title="Charles County, Maryland">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_County,_Maryland" title="Dorchester County, Maryland">Dorchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_County,_Maryland" title="Frederick County, Maryland">Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland" title="Garrett County, Maryland">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harford_County,_Maryland" title="Harford County, Maryland">Harford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland" title="Howard County, Maryland">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_County,_Maryland" title="Kent County, Maryland">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland" title="Montgomery County, Maryland">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Prince George's County, Maryland">Prince George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_County,_Maryland" title="Queen Anne's County, Maryland">Queen Anne's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_County,_Maryland" title="St. Mary's County, Maryland">St. Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_County,_Maryland" title="Somerset County, Maryland">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_County,_Maryland" title="Talbot County, Maryland">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Maryland" title="Washington County, Maryland">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicomico_County,_Maryland" title="Wicomico County, Maryland">Wicomico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_County,_Maryland" title="Worcester County, Maryland">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Maryland" title="Portal:Maryland">Maryland portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Southern_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_United_States" title="Template:Southern United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Southern_United_States" title="Template talk:Southern United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Southern_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Southern United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Southern_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Culture of the Southern United States">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_American_English" title="Southern American English">Dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Economy" title="Southern United States">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Geography" title="Southern United States">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Politics of the Southern United States">Government and politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="History of the Southern United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Sports" title="Southern United States">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Southerners" title="Black Southerners">Black Southerners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Southerners" title="White Southerners">White Southerners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">Major cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston (SC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_Virginia" title="Hampton, Virginia">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_News,_Virginia" title="Newport News, Virginia">Newport News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Virginia" title="Portsmouth, Virginia">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">State capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Northeastern_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Northeast_US" title="Template:Northeast US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Northeast_US" title="Template talk:Northeast US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Northeast_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Northeast US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Northeastern_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States#Culture" title="Northeastern United States">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States#Geography" title="Northeastern United States">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States#Elections" title="Northeastern United States">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States#History" title="Northeastern United States">History</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">Major cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania" title="Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_County,_Virginia" title="Arlington County, Virginia">Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Connecticut" title="Bridgeport, Connecticut">Bridgeport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington,_Vermont" title="Burlington, Vermont">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth,_New_Jersey" title="Elizabeth, New Jersey">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie,_Pennsylvania" title="Erie, Pennsylvania">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">New Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paterson,_New_Jersey" title="Paterson, New Jersey">Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Maine" title="Portland, Maine">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania" title="Reading, Pennsylvania">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scranton,_Pennsylvania" title="Scranton, Pennsylvania">Scranton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford,_Connecticut" title="Stamford, Connecticut">Stamford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterbury,_Connecticut" title="Waterbury, Connecticut">Waterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">State capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_megalopolis" title="Northeast megalopolis">Northeast megalopolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Thirteen_Colonies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thirteen_Colonies" title="Template:Thirteen Colonies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thirteen_Colonies" title="Template talk:Thirteen Colonies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thirteen_Colonies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thirteen Colonies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Thirteen_Colonies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-weight:bold;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Colonies" title="New England Colonies">New England Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Colonies" title="Middle Colonies">Middle Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Colonies" title="Chesapeake Colonies">Chesapeake Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobacco_colonies" title="Tobacco colonies">Tobacco Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Colonies" title="Southern Colonies">Southern Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-bottom:1px #ccc solid"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia</a> (1607–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Hampshire" title="Province of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> (1629–1641; 1679–1686; 1689–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maryland" title="Province of Maryland">Maryland</a> (1632–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Colony" title="Connecticut Colony">Connecticut</a> (1636–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Rhode_Island_and_Providence_Plantations" title="Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations">Rhode Island</a> (1636–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Colony" title="Delaware Colony">Delaware</a> (1664–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Jersey" title="Province of New Jersey">New Jersey</a> (1664–1673; 1702–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_York" title="Province of New York">New York</a> (1664–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pennsylvania" title="Province of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> (1681–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Province of Massachusetts Bay">Massachusetts Bay</a> (1691–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_North_Carolina" title="Province of North Carolina">North Carolina</a> (1712–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_South_Carolina" title="Province of South Carolina">South Carolina</a> (1712–1776)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Georgia" title="Province of Georgia">Georgia</a> (1732–1776)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-weight:bold;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Other British colonial entities in the contemporary <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roanoke_Colony" title="Roanoke Colony">Roanoke</a> (1585–1590)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popham_Colony" title="Popham Colony">Popham</a> (1607–1608)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Virginia" title="Jamestown, Virginia">Jamestown</a> (1607–1699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Hundred" title="Berkeley Hundred">Berkeley Hundred</a> (1619)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Colony" title="Plymouth Colony">Plymouth</a> (1620–1686; 1689–1691)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maine" title="Province of Maine">Maine</a> (1622–1658)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Croix#History" title="Saint Croix">Saint Croix</a> (1625–1650)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolana" title="Carolana">Carolana</a> (1629–1663)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a> (1629–1686; 1689–1691)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saybrook_Colony" title="Saybrook Colony">Saybrook</a> (1635–1644)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Colony" title="New Haven Colony">New Haven</a> (1638–1664)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Confederation" title="New England Confederation">New England Confederation</a> (1643–1654; 1675–<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1680)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Carolina" title="Province of Carolina">Carolina</a> (1663–1712)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert%27s_Land" title="Rupert's Land">Rupert's Land</a> (1670–1811)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Western_Territory" title="North-Western Territory">North-Western Territory</a> (1670–1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Jersey" title="East Jersey">East Jersey</a> (1674–1702)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Jersey" title="West Jersey">West Jersey</a> (1674–1702)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion of New England</a> (1686–1689)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reserve_(1763)" title="Indian Reserve (1763)">Indian Reserve</a> (1763–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Quebec</a> (1763–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">East Florida</a> (1763–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Florida" title="West Florida">West Florida</a> (1763–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Ireland_(Maine)" title="New Ireland (Maine)">New Ireland</a> (1779–1783; 1814–1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_District" title="Columbia District">Columbia District</a> (1810–1846)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Colony" title="Red River Colony">Red River Colony</a> (1811–1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickeen_Territories" title="Stickeen Territories">Stickeen Territories</a> (1862–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1858%E2%80%931866)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866)">Colony of British Columbia</a> (1863–1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1866%E2%80%931871)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)">Colony of British Columbia and Vancouver Island</a> (1866–1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">Province of British Columbia</a> (1871–1903)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-weight:bold;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Non-British colonial entities in the contemporary United States</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbian_Viceroyalty" title="Columbian Viceroyalty">Columbian Viceroyalty</a> (1492–1535)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a> <ul><li>1521–1821; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">Spanish Florida</a>, 1565–1763</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Navarre" title="New Navarre">New Navarre</a>, 1565–1821</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_the_Philippines" title="Captaincy General of the Philippines">Captaincy General of the Philippines</a>, 1565–1898</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Captaincy General of Puerto Rico">Captaincy General of Puerto Rico</a>, 1580–1898</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_de_Nuevo_M%C3%A9xico" title="Santa Fe de Nuevo México">Santa Fe de Nuevo México</a>, 1598–1821</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Cuba" title="Captaincy General of Cuba">Captaincy General of Cuba</a>, 1607–1801</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Croix#History" title="Saint Croix">Spanish Saint Croix</a>, 1650–1651</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Texas" title="Spanish Texas">Spanish Texas</a>, 1690–1821</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Californias" title="Province of Las Californias">Las Californias</a>, 1767–1804</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Spanish Louisiana</a>, 1769–1801</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincias_Internas" title="Provincias Internas">Provincias Internas</a>, 1776–1821</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">Spanish East Florida</a>, 1783–1821</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_West_Florida" title="Spanish West Florida">Spanish West Florida</a>, 1783–1821</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a>, 1804–1821</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a> <ul><li>1534–1763; <a href="/wiki/French_Florida" title="French Florida">French Florida</a>, 1562–1565</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospitaller_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Hospitaller colonization of the Americas">Hospitaller Saint Croix</a>, 1651–1665</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_West_Indies#Former_French_West_Indian_islands" title="French West Indies">French Saint Croix</a>, 1665–1733</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">French Louisiana</a>, 1682–1763 and 1801–1803</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Netherland" title="New Netherland">New Netherland</a> (1614–1667)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Virgin_Islands" title="Dutch Virgin Islands">Dutch Virgin Islands</a> (1625–1672)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Sweden" title="New Sweden">New Sweden</a> (1638–1655)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_West_Indies" title="Danish West Indies">Danish West Indies</a> (1672–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_(Brandenburg_colony)" title="Saint Thomas (Brandenburg colony)">Brandenburger Saint Thomas</a> (1685–1754)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vieques,_Puerto_Rico#History" title="Vieques, Puerto Rico">Krabbeninsel</a> (1689–1693)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vieques,_Puerto_Rico#History" title="Vieques, Puerto Rico">Scottish Darien Company</a> (1698)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian America">Russian America</a> (1799–1867)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Related Documents</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discourse_Concerning_Western_Planting" title="Discourse Concerning Western Planting">Discourse Concerning Western Planting</a> (1584)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayflower_Compact" title="Mayflower Compact">Mayflower Compact</a> (1620)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourt%27s_Relation" title="Mourt's Relation">Mourt's Relation</a> (1622)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation" title="Of Plymouth Plantation">Of Plymouth Plantation</a> (1630–1651)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Orders_of_Connecticut" title="Fundamental Orders of Connecticut">Fundamental Orders of Connecticut</a> (1638)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintipartite_Deed" title="Quintipartite Deed">Quintipartite Deed</a> (1676)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Thirteen_Colonies" title="Category:Thirteen Colonies">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_divisions_of_the_United_States" style="text-align:left;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_political_divisions" title="Template:United States political divisions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_political_divisions" title="Template talk:United States political divisions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_political_divisions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States political divisions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_divisions_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Political divisions of the United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States" title="List of states and territories of the United States">List of states and territories</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">Outlying islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Island" title="Baker Island">Baker Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island">Howland Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarvis_Island" title="Jarvis Island">Jarvis Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston_Atoll" title="Johnston Atoll">Johnston Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingman_Reef" title="Kingman Reef">Kingman Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midway_Atoll" title="Midway Atoll">Midway Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navassa_Island" title="Navassa Island">Navassa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_Atoll" title="Palmyra Atoll">Palmyra Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wake_Island" title="Wake Island">Wake Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">List of Indian reservations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Concessions_and_leases_in_international_relations" title="Concessions and leases in international relations">International concessions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base" title="Guantanamo Bay Naval Base">Guantanamo Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pituffik_Space_Base" title="Pituffik Space Base">Pituffik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000405094077">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/151255387">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204739/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkxFCqq7cQBtvRGb9J7HC">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4037776-3">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79029831">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11945072r">France</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152384732">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11945072r">BnF data</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb152384732">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00629327">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge134357&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX455318">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000326640&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000765513&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000273206">Chile</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=8013">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000051526">Argentina</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/ljx0zsq45rrv2sj">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007559669805171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058514845806706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/1ed51cbe-4272-4df9-9b18-44b0d4714086">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05878497?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/176522379">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045218">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=65584">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/57811">RISM</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Maryland&params=39_N_77_W_dim:300000_region:US-MD_type:adm1st&title=State+of+Maryland">39°N 77°W / 39°N 77°W / 39; -77 (State of Maryland)</a>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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