CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="de" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Kumys – Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )dewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januar","Februar","März","April","Mai","Juni","Juli","August","September","Oktober","November","Dezember"],"wgRequestId":"546d5ce4-c863-4590-9ca0-4852158e53a1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Kumys","wgTitle":"Kumys","wgCurRevisionId":248224984,"wgRevisionId":248224984,"wgArticleId":12402,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Sauermilch- und Milchfrischprodukt","Milchgetränk","Asiatische Küche","Gegorenes Getränk aus tierischen Produkten","Pferd als Milchlieferant"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"de","wgPageContentLanguage":"de","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Kumys","wgRelevantArticleId":12402,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":248224984,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"de","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"de"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q61081","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.54"}; RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.dewiki-logo":"ready","ext.gadget.citeRef":"ready","ext.gadget.defaultPlainlinks":"ready","ext.gadget.dewikiCommonHide":"ready","ext.gadget.dewikiCommonLayout":"ready","ext.gadget.dewikiCommonStyle":"ready","ext.gadget.dewikiDarkmode":"ready","ext.gadget.dewikiResponsive":"ready","ext.gadget.NavFrame":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.createNewSection","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.OpenStreetMap","ext.gadget.CommonsDirekt","ext.gadget.donateLink","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=de&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=de&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=de&modules=ext.gadget.NavFrame%2CciteRef%2CdefaultPlainlinks%2Cdewiki-logo%2CdewikiCommonHide%2CdewikiCommonLayout%2CdewikiCommonStyle%2CdewikiDarkmode%2CdewikiResponsive&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=de&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kumys-bottle.jpg/1200px-Kumys-bottle.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kumys-bottle.jpg/800px-Kumys-bottle.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kumys-bottle.jpg/640px-Kumys-bottle.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="960"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Kumys – Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Seite bearbeiten" href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (de)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//de.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom-Feed für „Wikipedia“" href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Letzte_%C3%84nderungen&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Kumys rootpage-Kumys skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Zum Inhalt springen</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Website"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Hauptmenü" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hauptmenü" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hauptmenü</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hauptmenü</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite" title="Hauptseite besuchen [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hauptseite</span></a></li><li id="n-topics" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wikipedia_nach_Themen"><span>Themenportale</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Zuf%C3%A4llige_Seite" title="Zufällige Seite aufrufen [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Zufälliger Artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Spezialseiten"><span>Spezialseiten</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Mitmachen" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Mitmachen" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mitmachen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Artikel-verbessern" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Beteiligen"><span>Artikel verbessern</span></a></li><li id="n-Neuerartikel" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hilfe:Neuen_Artikel_anlegen"><span>Neuen Artikel anlegen</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autorenportal" title="Info-Zentrum über Beteiligungsmöglichkeiten"><span>Autorenportal</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hilfe:%C3%9Cbersicht" title="Übersicht über Hilfeseiten"><span>Hilfe</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Letzte_%C3%84nderungen" title="Liste der letzten Änderungen in Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Letzte Änderungen</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt" title="Kontaktmöglichkeiten"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hauptseite" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Die freie Enzyklopädie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-de.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Suche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Durchsuche die Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Suche</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia durchsuchen" aria-label="Wikipedia durchsuchen" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Durchsuche die Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spezial:Suche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Suchen</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Meine Werkzeuge"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Erscheinungsbild"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Änderung des Aussehens der Schriftgröße, -breite und -farbe der Seite" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Erscheinungsbild" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Erscheinungsbild</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=de.wikipedia.org&uselang=de" class=""><span>Spenden</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen&returnto=Kumys" title="Wir ermutigen dich dazu, ein Benutzerkonto zu erstellen und dich anzumelden. Es ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich." class=""><span>Benutzerkonto erstellen</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmelden&returnto=Kumys" title="Anmelden ist zwar keine Pflicht, wird aber gerne gesehen. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Anmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Weitere Optionen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Meine Werkzeuge" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Meine Werkzeuge</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Benutzermenü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=de.wikipedia.org&uselang=de"><span>Spenden</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen&returnto=Kumys" title="Wir ermutigen dich dazu, ein Benutzerkonto zu erstellen und dich anzumelden. Es ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Benutzerkonto erstellen</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmelden&returnto=Kumys" title="Anmelden ist zwar keine Pflicht, wird aber gerne gesehen. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Anmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Seiten für nicht angemeldete Benutzer <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Starthilfe" aria-label="Erfahre mehr über das Bearbeiten"><span>Weitere Informationen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Meine_Beitr%C3%A4ge" title="Eine Liste der Bearbeitungen, die von dieser IP-Adresse gemacht wurden [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Beiträge</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Meine_Diskussionsseite" title="Diskussion über Änderungen von dieser IP-Adresse [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussionsseite</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003EVerbergen\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv role=\"alert\" style=\"border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding:.2em .4em;\"\u003EDas Aussehen der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia hat sich geändert: Das Hauptmenü ist nun links neben dem Logo erreichbar, die eigene Diskussionsseite und Beitragsliste rechts neben dem Link zum Anmelden und die Werkzeugleiste mit Verweisen zu Schwesterprojekten wie Wikimedia Commons rechts neben dem Link zur Versionsgeschichte. \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de:Hilfe:Skin/Vector_2022\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"w:de:Hilfe:Skin/Vector 2022\"\u003EWeitere Informationen\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Website"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Anfang)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Eigenschaften_und_Verwendung" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eigenschaften_und_Verwendung"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Eigenschaften und Verwendung</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eigenschaften_und_Verwendung-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herstellung" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herstellung"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Herstellung</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herstellung-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inhaltsstoffe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inhaltsstoffe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Inhaltsstoffe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inhaltsstoffe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Literatur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weblinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weblinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Weblinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weblinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Einzelnachweise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Einzelnachweise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Einzelnachweise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Einzelnachweise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhaltsverzeichnis" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kumys</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Zu einem Artikel in einer anderen Sprache gehen. Verfügbar in 66 Sprachen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 Sprachen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B5" title="قمارص – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قمارص" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="كوميس – Ägyptisches Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوميس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Ägyptisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1m%C4%B1z" title="Qımız – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qımız" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="قیمیز – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قیمیز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D2%99" title="Ҡымыҙ – Baschkirisch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡымыҙ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkirisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кумыс – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кумыс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кумыс – Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кумыс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Кумис – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кумис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Айраг – Russisches Burjatisch" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Айраг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russisches Burjatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys" title="Kumys – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kumys" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys" title="Kumys – Dänisch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kumys" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AF%CF%82" title="Κιμίς – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κιμίς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumiso" title="Kumiso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kumiso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kum%C3%B5ss" title="Kumõss – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kumõss" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="کومیس – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کومیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumissi" title="Kumissi – Finnisch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kumissi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koumis" title="Koumis – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Koumis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A1" title="קומיס – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קומיס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8" title="कूमीस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कूमीस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumisz" title="Kumisz – Ungarisch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kumisz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%BD" title="Կումիս – Armenisch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կումիս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis_(minuman)" title="Kumis (minuman) – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kumis (minuman)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%B9%B3%E9%85%92" title="馬乳酒 – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="馬乳酒" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Javanisch" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="კუმისი (სასმელი) – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კუმისი (სასმელი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="exzellenter Artikel"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Қымыз – Kasachisch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қымыз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%AF%80%EC%A6%88" title="크므즈 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크므즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Кымыз – Kirgisisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кымыз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmos_(potio)" title="Cosmos (potio) – Latein" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cosmos (potio)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumysas" title="Kumysas – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kumysas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumiss" title="Kumiss – Lettisch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kumiss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Кумис – Mazedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кумис" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Айраг – Mongolisch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Айраг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis_(minuman)" title="Kumis (minuman) – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kumis (minuman)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Niedersächsisch" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Niedersächsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koemis" title="Koemis – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koemis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumiss" title="Kumiss – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kumiss" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Хъуымыз – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хъуымыз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys" title="Kumys – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kumys" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koumyss" title="Koumyss – Piemontesisch" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Koumyss" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piemontesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cum%C3%A2s" title="Cumâs – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cumâs" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кумыс – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кумыс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кумыс – Russinisch" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Кумыс" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Russinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кымыс – Jakutisch" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кымыс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakutisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys" title="Kumys – Slowakisch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kumys" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Slowenisch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Кумис – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кумис" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumys" title="Kumys – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kumys" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="குமிஸ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குமிஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Қимиз – Tadschikisch" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қимиз" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadschikisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="เหล้านมม้า – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เหล้านมม้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1m%C4%B1z" title="Kımız – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kımız" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Кымыз – Tatarisch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кымыз" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Хымыс – Tuwinisch" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Хымыс" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuwinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Кумис – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кумис" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qimiz" title="Qimiz – Usbekisch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qimiz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumis" title="Kumis – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kumis" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%A5%B6%E9%85%92" title="马奶酒 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马奶酒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="კუმისი (ოშუმალი) – Mingrelisch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კუმისი (ოშუმალი)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%A5%B6%E9%85%92" title="马奶酒 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马奶酒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%A5%B6%E9%85%92" title="馬奶酒 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬奶酒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61081#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Links auf Artikel in anderen Sprachen bearbeiten" class="wbc-editpage">Links bearbeiten</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namensräume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kumys" title="Seiteninhalt anzeigen [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Kumys" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion zum Seiteninhalt [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sprachvariante ändern" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Deutsch</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ansichten"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kumys"><span>Lesen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit" title="Diese Seite mit dem VisualEditor bearbeiten [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit" title="Den Quelltext dieser Seite bearbeiten [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=history" title="Frühere Versionen dieser Seite [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Versionsgeschichte</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Werkzeuge" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Werkzeuge</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Werkzeuge</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Weitere Optionen" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aktionen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kumys"><span>Lesen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit" title="Diese Seite mit dem VisualEditor bearbeiten [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit" title="Den Quelltext dieser Seite bearbeiten [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=history"><span>Versionsgeschichte</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allgemein </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Linkliste/Kumys" title="Liste aller Seiten, die hierher verlinken [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links auf diese Seite</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:%C3%84nderungen_an_verlinkten_Seiten/Kumys" rel="nofollow" title="Letzte Änderungen an Seiten, die von hier verlinkt sind [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Änderungen an verlinkten Seiten</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&oldid=248224984" title="Dauerhafter Link zu dieser Seitenversion"><span>Permanenter Link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=info" title="Weitere Informationen über diese Seite"><span>Seiteninformationen</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Zitierhilfe&page=Kumys&id=248224984&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hinweise, wie diese Seite zitiert werden kann"><span>Artikel zitieren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:URL-K%C3%BCrzung&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKumys"><span>Kurzlink</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKumys"><span>QR-Code herunterladen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drucken/exportieren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kumys&action=show-download-screen"><span>Als PDF herunterladen</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&printable=yes" title="Druckansicht dieser Seite [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Druckversion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In anderen Projekten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kymyz" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61081" title="Link zum verbundenen Objekt im Datenrepositorium [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-Datenobjekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Erscheinungsbild"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Erscheinungsbild</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Kumys-bottle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kumys-bottle.jpg/170px-Kumys-bottle.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kumys-bottle.jpg/255px-Kumys-bottle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Kumys-bottle.jpg/340px-Kumys-bottle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Kumys, in Flaschen abgefüllt</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kumys</b> (andere Schreibweisen: <i>Kumyß, Kumyss, Kumiss, Kumis</i> oder <i>Kumiß</i> aus <a href="/wiki/Russische_Sprache" title="Russische Sprache">russisch</a> <i>кумыс</i>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache">türkisch</a> oder <a href="/wiki/Tataren" title="Tataren">tatarisch</a> <i>kımız/kymyz</i>, <a href="/wiki/Kasachische_Sprache" title="Kasachische Sprache">kasachisch</a> <i>қымыз</i>, <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Kirgisische_Sprache" title="Kirgisische Sprache">kirgisisch</a></span> <span lang="ky-Cyrl" class="Cyrl" style="font-style:normal"><i>кымыз</i></span>) ist vergorene <a href="/wiki/Stutenmilch" title="Stutenmilch">Stutenmilch</a>. An der <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A4rung" title="Gärung">Gärung</a> sind <a href="/wiki/Milchs%C3%A4urebakterien" title="Milchsäurebakterien">Milchsäurebakterien</a> und <a href="/wiki/Hefen" title="Hefen">Hefen</a> beteiligt. </p><p>In der <a href="/wiki/Mongolische_K%C3%BCche" title="Mongolische Küche">mongolischen Küche</a> wird das Getränk <b>Airag</b> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Mongolische_Sprache" title="Mongolische Sprache">mongolisch</a></span> <span lang="mn-Cyrl" class="Cyrl" style="font-style:normal">айраг</span>) genannt. Es gilt dort als <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nationalgetr%C3%A4nk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nationalgetränk (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Nationalgetränk</a>. Ähnlich ist der <a href="/wiki/Kefir" title="Kefir">Kefir</a>. „Airag und die damit verbundenen Gebräuche“ wurde 2019 in die <a href="/wiki/Repr%C3%A4sentative_Liste_des_immateriellen_Kulturerbes_der_Menschheit" title="Repräsentative Liste des immateriellen Kulturerbes der Menschheit">UNESCO-Liste des immateriellen Kulturerbes der Menschheit</a> aufgenommen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften_und_Verwendung">Eigenschaften und Verwendung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Eigenschaften und Verwendung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Eigenschaften und Verwendung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg/220px-Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg/330px-Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg/440px-Mare_milking_Suusamyr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Kirgisistan:Eine Stute wird gemolken.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kumys bzw. Airag ist milchweiß und schmeckt säuerlich, prickelnd, kühl erfrischend, mit mandelartigem Nachgeschmack.<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der Journalist <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Ruge" title="Gerd Ruge">Gerd Ruge</a> beschrieb den Geschmack als „Joghurt mit Bier“. Er ist leicht alkoholhaltig, der <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">Ethanolgehalt</a> liegt zwischen 1,0 und 3,0 %,<sup id="cite_ref-belitz_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belitz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mit 2,0 % als durchschnittlichem Wert.<sup id="cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyrgyzstan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kumys gehört zur Alltagsnahrung asiatischer <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">Steppenvölker</a>. </p><p>Er galt auch als Nährmittel bei Krankheiten, wie z. B. <a href="/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose">Tuberkulose</a><sup id="cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyrgyzstan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <a href="/wiki/An%C3%A4mie" title="Anämie">Blutarmut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So war es im 19. Jahrhundert in <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russland</a> üblich, eine <a href="/wiki/Kur" title="Kur">Kur</a> in einem Kumys-<a href="/wiki/Sanatorium" title="Sanatorium">Sanatorium</a> durchzuführen.<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyrgyzstan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aufgrund seines hohen Vitamin- und Mineralstoffgehalts diente der Kumys den Steppenvölkern teilweise als Ersatz für frisches Obst und Gemüse.<sup id="cite_ref-dfs_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dfs-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er kann (bei regelmäßigem Konsum) auch leicht abführend wirken.<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bei <a href="/wiki/Destillation" title="Destillation">Destillation</a> von Airag erhält man den <a href="/wiki/Branntwein" title="Branntwein">Branntwein</a> <a href="/wiki/Archi_(Spirituose)" title="Archi (Spirituose)">Archi</a>. Er kann auch aus Kefir hergestellt werden.<sup id="cite_ref-arkhi_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arkhi-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herstellung">Herstellung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Herstellung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Herstellung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eduard Stahlberg, leitender Arzt der russischen Kumys-Heilanstalt in Moskau im 19. Jahrhundert, gab an, dass die sicherste Methode sei, Stutenmilch mit altem Kumys <a href="/wiki/Inokulation" title="Inokulation">anzuimpfen</a> und die für die zweitägige <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A4rung" title="Gärung">Gärung</a> richtige Temperatur einzuhalten. Lässt man den Kumys weiter gären, so wird auch der restliche Milchzucker umgesetzt und man erhält nach acht bis zehn Tagen ein Getränk, das deutlich sauerer schmeckt und mehr Alkohol enthält. Daher ist Kumys am besten zu genießen, wenn er sich noch in der Gärung befindet.<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm,_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm%2C_1910.jpg/220px-Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm%2C_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm%2C_1910.jpg/330px-Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm%2C_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm%2C_1910.jpg/440px-Jakute_im_Landeskost%C3%BCm%2C_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1831" data-file-height="2637" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jakuten" title="Jakuten">Jakutin</a> bei der Zubereitung des Kumys für das Isyakh-Festival (1910)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG/220px-Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG/330px-Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG/440px-Leather_Airag_Pouch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="467" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Ein Lederbeutel, in dem Airag traditionell hergestellt wird.</figcaption></figure> <p>Die traditionelle Herstellung in <a href="/wiki/Kirgisistan" title="Kirgisistan">Kirgisistan</a> geht von Stutenmilch aus, die in einem zuvor mit <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4uchern" title="Räuchern">Rauch</a> behandelten Behälter für ein bis zwei Tage gelagert wird. Dann wird frische Milch hinzugefügt und der Behälter an einem warmen Ort aufbewahrt, damit die Gärung ablaufen kann. Anschließend wird der Inhalt in einem zylindrischen Holzfass, „Pischpek“ genannt, das ähnlich wie ein <a href="/wiki/Butterfass" title="Butterfass">Butterfass</a> aussieht, gerührt. Der fertige Kumys wird dann zur Lagerung in lederne Flaschen umgefüllt. Dieses traditionell hergestellte Produkt ist jedoch nur wenige Tage haltbar.<sup id="cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyrgyzstan-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In der <a href="/wiki/Mongolei" title="Mongolei">Mongolei</a> wird der Airag hergestellt, indem die Stutenmilch durch ein Tuch in einen ledernen Beutel gegeben wird. Der Sack hängt am Eingang der <a href="/wiki/Jurte" title="Jurte">Jurte</a>. Alternativ erfolgt die traditionelle Herstellung auch in einem hölzernen Fass, dessen Inhalt regelmäßig umgerührt wird.<sup id="cite_ref-airag_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airag-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Für eine industrielle Herstellung oder zumindest für eine Herstellung unter standardisierten Bedingungen wird die Stutenmilch mit Kumys-Kulturen versetzt. Auch die Verwendung von <a href="/wiki/Ziegenmilch" title="Ziegenmilch">Ziegenmilch</a> ist möglich.<sup id="cite_ref-belitz_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belitz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Kulturen enthalten <a href="/wiki/Milchs%C3%A4urebakterien" title="Milchsäurebakterien">Milchsäurebakterien</a>, darunter <a href="/wiki/Lactobacillus_delbrueckii_subsp._bulgaricus" title="Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus"><i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</i> subsp. <i>bulgaricus</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-schlegel_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schlegel-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-müller_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-müller-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Auch die Beteiligung von <a href="/wiki/Streptococcus_salivarius_subsp._thermophilus" class="mw-redirect" title="Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus"><i>Streptococcus salivarius</i> subsp. <i>thermophilus</i></a> wird genannt,<sup id="cite_ref-müller_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-müller-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> diese beiden Bakterien werden auch zur Produktion von <a href="/wiki/Joghurt" title="Joghurt">Joghurt</a> eingesetzt. Sie führen eine homofermentative <a href="/wiki/Milchs%C3%A4ureg%C3%A4rung" title="Milchsäuregärung">Milchsäuregärung</a> durch, bei der Milchzucker (<a href="/wiki/Lactose" title="Lactose">Lactose</a>) aus der Milch zu <a href="/wiki/Milchs%C3%A4ure" title="Milchsäure">Milchsäure</a> abgebaut wird. Weiterhin enthalten die Kumys-Kulturen <a href="/wiki/Hefen" title="Hefen">Hefen</a> der <a href="/wiki/Gattung_(Biologie)" title="Gattung (Biologie)">Gattung</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torula (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Torula</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-schlegel_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schlegel-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Hefen führen eine <a href="/wiki/Alkoholische_G%C3%A4rung" title="Alkoholische Gärung">alkoholische Gärung</a> durch, dabei wird Zucker zu Alkohol (Ethanol) und <a href="/wiki/Kohlenstoffdioxid" title="Kohlenstoffdioxid">Kohlenstoffdioxid</a> umgewandelt, Letzteres wird in gelöster Form als <i><a href="/wiki/Kohlens%C3%A4ure" title="Kohlensäure">Kohlensäure</a></i> bezeichnet. Die Herstellung verläuft ähnlich der von Joghurt, nach dem Animpfen mit den Kumys-Kulturen wird die Mischung <a href="/wiki/Inkubator_(Biologie)" title="Inkubator (Biologie)">inkubiert</a>, damit die Gärungen ablaufen können.<sup id="cite_ref-belitz_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belitz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Milchsäurebakterien gehören zu den eher <a href="/wiki/Thermophilie" title="Thermophilie">thermophilen</a> Organismen, so wird der Joghurtansatz bei 43–45 °C bebrütet, sie vermehren sich jedoch auch bei 30 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-schlegel_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schlegel-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hefen vermehren sich in der Regel besser bei etwas niedrigeren Temperaturen (20–30 °C),<sup id="cite_ref-dsmz_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsmz-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so dass für die beteiligten <a href="/wiki/Mikroorganismus" title="Mikroorganismus">Mikroorganismen</a> eine mittlere Temperatur als „Kompromiss“ gefunden werden muss. Auch bei der Kefirherstellung sind Milchsäurebakterien und Hefen beteiligt, es handelt sich jedoch um andere <a href="/wiki/Art_(Biologie)" title="Art (Biologie)">Arten</a> oder <a href="/wiki/Unterart" title="Unterart">Unterarten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-belitz_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belitz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-schlegel_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schlegel-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inhaltsstoffe">Inhaltsstoffe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Inhaltsstoffe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Inhaltsstoffe"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nach Stahlbergs Untersuchungen enthält Kumys, der aus der Milch der <a href="/wiki/Pferde_in_Kirgisistan" title="Pferde in Kirgisistan">Kirgisen-Steppenstuten</a> hergestellt wird, nach zweitägiger Inkubation:<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1,60 % Alkohol</li> <li>2,05 % <a href="/wiki/Milchfett" title="Milchfett">Fett</a></li> <li>2,20 % Milchzucker</li> <li>1,15 % Milchsäure</li> <li>1,12 % <a href="/wiki/Casein" title="Casein">Casein</a></li> <li>0,28 % Salze</li> <li>0,79 % Kohlensäure</li></ul> <p>Lässt man den Kumys weiter gären, wird auch der restliche Milchzucker vergoren, so dass man nach acht bis zehn Tagen ein Getränk erhält, das bis zu 3,23 % Alkohol, 1,86 % Kohlensäure und 2,92 % Milchsäure oder andere <a href="/wiki/Organische_S%C3%A4uren" title="Organische Säuren">organische Säuren</a> enthält.<sup id="cite_ref-stahlberg_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stutenmilch enthält mit etwa 6,1 % deutlich mehr Lactose als <a href="/wiki/Milch#Eigenschaften" title="Milch">Kuhmilch</a> (4,8 %). Da diese als <a href="/wiki/Substrat_(Biochemie)" title="Substrat (Biochemie)">Substrat</a> für die Gärung dient, enthält das Produkt Kumys auch mehr Alkohol und Milchsäure im Vergleich zum Kefir, der aus Kuhmilch hergestellt wird.<sup id="cite_ref-dfs_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dfs-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>F. Forkert, B. Stelling: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mongolei: Das komplette Handbuch für individuelles Reisen und Entdecken</cite>. Reise Know-How Rump GmbH, Osnabrück 2005, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783831715695" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-8317-1569-5</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>66</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=F.+Forkert%2C+B.+Stelling&rft.btitle=Mongolei%3A+Das+komplette+Handbuch+f%C3%BCr+individuelles+Reisen+und+Entdecken&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783831715695&rft.pages=66&rft.place=Osnabr%C3%BCck&rft.pub=Reise+Know-How+Rump+GmbH" style="display:none"> </span></li> <li>W. Grosch, H.-D. Belitz, P. Schieberle: <cite style="font-style:italic">Lehrbuch der Lebensmittelchemie</cite>. Springer, Berlin 2007, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783540732013" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-540-73201-3</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>540–541</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.de/books?id=r7EMMme5h48C&pg=PA540">online</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=W.+Grosch%2C+H.-D.+Belitz%2C+P.+Schieberle&rft.btitle=Lehrbuch+der+Lebensmittelchemie&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783540732013&rft.pages=540-541&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Springer" style="display:none"> </span></li> <li>G. Ruge: <cite style="font-style:italic">Sibirisches Tagebuch</cite>. Knaur, München 1998, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3426611627" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-426-61162-7</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=G.+Ruge&rft.btitle=Sibirisches+Tagebuch&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3426611627&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.pub=Knaur" style="display:none"> </span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weblinks" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weblinks"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kymyz?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Kumys</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumys&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01172"><i>Traditional technique of making Airag in Khokhuur and its associated customs.</i></a> UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, 2019,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 8. Januar 2024</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AKumys&rft.title=Traditional+technique+of+making+Airag+in+Khokhuur+and+its+associated+customs&rft.description=Traditional+technique+of+making+Airag+in+Khokhuur+and+its+associated+customs&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2F01172&rft.publisher=UNESCO+Intangible+Cultural+Heritage&rft.date=2019&rft.language=en"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stahlberg-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-stahlberg_2-6">g</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> E. Stahlberg: <cite style="font-style:italic">Der Kumys: Seine physiologischen und therapeutischen Wirkungen</cite>. 1. Auflage. AD Marcks, St. Petersburg 1869, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1, 15–19, 20, 31–33</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.de/books?id=HQQ9AAAAcAAJ">online</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=E.+Stahlberg&rft.btitle=Der+Kumys%3A+Seine+physiologischen+und+therapeutischen+Wirkungen&rft.date=1869&rft.edition=1.&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=1%2C+15-19%2C+20%2C+31-33&rft.place=St.+Petersburg&rft.pub=AD+Marcks" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-belitz-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-belitz_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-belitz_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-belitz_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-belitz_3-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> Hans-Dieter Belitz, Walter Grosch: <cite style="font-style:italic">Lehrbuch der Lebensmittelchemie</cite>. 4. Auflage. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg/Berlin 1992, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3540554491" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-540-55449-1</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>474</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=Hans-Dieter+Belitz%2C+Walter+Grosch&rft.btitle=Lehrbuch+der+Lebensmittelchemie&rft.date=1992&rft.edition=4.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3540554491&rft.pages=474&rft.place=Heidelberg%2FBerlin&rft.pub=Springer+Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kyrgyzstan-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-kyrgyzstan_4-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> Laurence Mitchell: <cite style="font-style:italic">Kyrgyzstan</cite>. 2. Auflage. Bradt Travel Guides, Chalfont St Peter, England 2012, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9781841623498" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-84162-349-8</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>42</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=Laurence+Mitchell&rft.btitle=Kyrgyzstan&rft.date=2012&rft.edition=2.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781841623498&rft.pages=42&rft.place=Chalfont+St+Peter%2C+England&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dfs-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dfs_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dfs_5-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stutenmilchfachverband.de/stutenmilch/"><i>Stutenmilch.</i></a> In: <i>Website Deutscher Fachverband für Stutenmilch e. V. (DFS).</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 22. April 2014</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AKumys&rft.title=Stutenmilch&rft.description=Stutenmilch&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stutenmilchfachverband.de%2Fstutenmilch%2F"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arkhi-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-arkhi_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mongolfood.info/de/rezepte/mongol-arkhi.html"><i>Mongol Arkhi.</i></a> In: <i>Webseite Alle Mongolischen Rezepte – Essen wie die Nomaden.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 22. April 2014</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AKumys&rft.title=Mongol+Arkhi&rft.description=Mongol+Arkhi&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mongolfood.info%2Fde%2Frezepte%2Fmongol-arkhi.html"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-airag-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-airag_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mongolfood.info/de/rezepte/airag.html"><i>Airag.</i></a> In: <i>Webseite Alle Mongolischen Rezepte – Essen wie die Nomaden.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 22. April 2014</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AKumys&rft.title=Airag&rft.description=Airag&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mongolfood.info%2Fde%2Frezepte%2Fairag.html"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schlegel-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-schlegel_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-schlegel_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-schlegel_8-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-schlegel_8-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> Hans G. Schlegel, Christiane Zaborosch: <cite style="font-style:italic">Allgemeine Mikrobiologie</cite>. 7. Auflage. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart/New York 1992, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3134446073" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-13-444607-3</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>299, 303–304</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=Hans+G.+Schlegel%2C+Christiane+Zaborosch&rft.btitle=Allgemeine+Mikrobiologie&rft.date=1992&rft.edition=7.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3134446073&rft.pages=299%2C+303-304&rft.place=Stuttgart%2FNew+York&rft.pub=Thieme+Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-müller-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-müller_9-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-müller_9-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> Gunther Müller: <cite style="font-style:italic">Grundlagen der Lebensmittelmikrobiologie</cite>. 6. Auflage. Steinkopff Verlag, Darmstadt 1986, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3798506736" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-7985-0673-6</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>178</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Kumys&rft.au=Gunther+M%C3%BCller&rft.btitle=Grundlagen+der+Lebensmittelmikrobiologie&rft.date=1986&rft.edition=6.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3798506736&rft.pages=178&rft.place=Darmstadt&rft.pub=Steinkopff+Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dsmz-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dsmz_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dsmz.de/de/kataloge/katalog-mikroorganismen.html"><i>Katalog der Mikroorganismen.</i></a> In: <i>Webseite des <a href="/wiki/DSMZ" class="mw-redirect" title="DSMZ">Leibniz Institut DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH</a>.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 22. April 2014</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AKumys&rft.title=Katalog+der+Mikroorganismen&rft.description=Katalog+der+Mikroorganismen&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsmz.de%2Fde%2Fkataloge%2Fkatalog-mikroorganismen.html"> </span></span> </li> </ol></div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Abgerufen von „<a dir="ltr" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumys&oldid=248224984">https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumys&oldid=248224984</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorien" title="Wikipedia:Kategorien">Kategorien</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Sauermilch-_und_Milchfrischprodukt" title="Kategorie:Sauermilch- und Milchfrischprodukt">Sauermilch- und Milchfrischprodukt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Milchgetr%C3%A4nk" title="Kategorie:Milchgetränk">Milchgetränk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Asiatische_K%C3%BCche" title="Kategorie:Asiatische Küche">Asiatische Küche</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Gegorenes_Getr%C3%A4nk_aus_tierischen_Produkten" title="Kategorie:Gegorenes Getränk aus tierischen Produkten">Gegorenes Getränk aus tierischen Produkten</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Pferd_als_Milchlieferant" title="Kategorie:Pferd als Milchlieferant">Pferd als Milchlieferant</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 1. September 2024 um 14:32 Uhr bearbeitet.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><div id="footer-info-copyright-stats" class="noprint"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/?pages=Kumys&project=de.wikipedia.org">Abrufstatistik</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xtools.wmcloud.org/authorship/de.wikipedia.org/Kumys?uselang=de">Autoren</a> </div><div id="footer-info-copyright-separator"><br /></div><div id="footer-info-copyright-info"> <p>Der Text ist unter der Lizenz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">„Creative-Commons Namensnennung – Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen“</a> verfügbar; Informationen zu den Urhebern und zum Lizenzstatus eingebundener Mediendateien (etwa Bilder oder Videos) können im Regelfall durch Anklicken dieser abgerufen werden. Möglicherweise unterliegen die Inhalte jeweils zusätzlichen Bedingungen. Durch die Nutzung dieser Website erklären Sie sich mit den <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/de">Nutzungsbedingungen</a> und der <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Privacy_policy/de">Datenschutzrichtlinie</a></span> einverstanden.<br /> </p> Wikipedia® ist eine eingetragene Marke der Wikimedia Foundation Inc.</div></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/de">Datenschutz</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%C3%9Cber_Wikipedia">Über Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Impressum">Impressum</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Verhaltenskodex</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Entwickler</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/de.wikipedia.org">Statistiken</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Stellungnahme zu Cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//de.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumys&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile Ansicht</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Suche</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia durchsuchen"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spezial:Suche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Suchen</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kumys</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>66 Sprachen</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Abschnitt hinzufügen</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-86f66869dd-zxd6c","wgBackendResponseTime":186,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.327","walltime":"0.443","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1778,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":20180,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3030,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":14555,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 388.140 1 -total"," 32.06% 124.445 5 Vorlage:Internetquelle"," 23.22% 90.129 8 Vorlage:Literatur"," 20.86% 80.954 1 Vorlage:KyS-Cyrl"," 17.94% 69.644 1 Vorlage:Commonscat"," 10.85% 42.128 1 Vorlage:Wikidata-Registrierung"," 2.82% 10.927 1 Vorlage:Str_left"," 2.72% 10.573 5 Vorlage:Str_len"," 1.45% 5.636 1 Vorlage:WikiLayout"," 1.31% 5.078 1 Vorlage:MnS-Cyrl"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.193","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5955628,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.next-5c776cc5b8-dcz6c","timestamp":"20250306203140","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Kumys","url":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kumys","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q61081","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q61081","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Autoren der Wikimedia-Projekte"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-11-10T07:21:42Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1b\/Kumys-bottle.jpg","headline":"vergorene Stutenmilch"}</script> </body> </html>