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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Practice of writing part of a drug's name in upper case letters</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dopamine_HCl.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Dopamine_HCl.JPG/220px-Dopamine_HCl.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Dopamine_HCl.JPG/330px-Dopamine_HCl.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Dopamine_HCl.JPG/440px-Dopamine_HCl.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>A vial of <a href="/wiki/Dopamine" title="Dopamine">Dopamine</a>, labeled as "DOPamine HCl"</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Tall man lettering</b> (<b>tall-man lettering</b> or <b>tallman lettering</b>) is the practice of writing part of a <a href="/wiki/Drug" title="Drug">drug</a>'s name in <a href="/wiki/Upper_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper case">upper case</a> letters to help distinguish sound-alike, look-alike drugs from one another in order to avoid medication errors.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ISMP_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISMP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, in tall man lettering, "<a href="/wiki/Prednisone" title="Prednisone">prednisone</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Prednisolone" title="Prednisolone">prednisolone</a>" should be written "predniSONE" and "predniSOLONE", respectively. The Office of Generic Drugs of the US <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) encourages <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceutical company">manufacturers</a> to use tall man lettering labels to visually differentiate their drugs' names,<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a number of hospitals, clinics, and health care systems use tall man lettering in their computerized order entry, automated dispensing machines, medication admission records, prescription labels, and drug product labels.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effectiveness">Effectiveness</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Effectiveness"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wrong-drug errors have been found to occur at a rate of about one per thousand orders filled or dispensed.<sup id="cite_ref-Lambert_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambert-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Evidence regarding the effect of Tall Man lettering on error rates is mixed. </p><p>A 2004 <a href="/wiki/Eye-tracking" class="mw-redirect" title="Eye-tracking">eye-tracking</a> study found that Tall Man lettering resulted in fewer errors when selecting a target drug from an array of choices.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other laboratory-based studies of Tall Man lettering show a mixture of positive and <a href="/wiki/Null_result" title="Null result">null results</a>, which may be further complicated due to <a href="/wiki/Demand_characteristics" title="Demand characteristics">demand characteristics</a> of some of the studies.<sup id="cite_ref-Lambert_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambert-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2016 <a href="/wiki/Time-series_analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Time-series analysis">time-series analysis</a> of data from 42 children's hospitals over a 9-year period found no significant difference before and after a 2007 recommendation for hospitals to adopt Tall Man lettering.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this study has been criticized due to methodological limitations, such as not recording when and how Tall Man lettering was adopted, if at all, at each of the hospitals studied.<sup id="cite_ref-Lambert_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lambert-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The FDA published a list<sup id="cite_ref-ismp_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ismp-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Location: Table 1">: Table 1 </span></sup> of recommended Tall-Man Letters for look-alike drugs which includes, but is not limited to: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetazolamide" title="Acetazolamide">acetaZOLAMIDE</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Acetohexamide" title="Acetohexamide">acetoHEXAMIDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">buPROPion</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Buspirone" title="Buspirone">busPIRone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpromazine" title="Chlorpromazine">chlorproMAZINE</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Chlorpropamide" title="Chlorpropamide">chlorproPAMIDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clomiphene" class="mw-redirect" title="Clomiphene">clomiPHENE</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Clomipramine" title="Clomipramine">clomiPRAMINE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycloserine" title="Cycloserine">cycloSERINE</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Cyclosporine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclosporine">cycloSPORINE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daunorubicin" title="Daunorubicin">DAUNOrubicin</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Doxorubicin" title="Doxorubicin">DOXOrubicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobutamine" title="Dobutamine">DOBUTamine</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Dopamine" title="Dopamine">DOPamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydralazine" title="Hydralazine">hydrALAzine</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Hydroxyzine" title="Hydroxyzine">hydrOXYzine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolazamide" title="Tolazamide">TOLAZamide</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Tolbutamide" title="Tolbutamide">TOLBUTamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinblastine" title="Vinblastine">vinBLAStine</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Vincristine" title="Vincristine">vinCRIStine</a></li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Safe_Medication_Practices" title="Institute for Safe Medication Practices">Institute for Safe Medication Practices</a> (ISMP) has a supplemental list covering pairs not recommended by the FDA, but considered necessary by the ISMP.<sup id="cite_ref-ismp_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ismp-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Location: Table 2">: Table 2 </span></sup> ISMP Canada also offers additional recommendations.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Health_informatics" title="Health informatics">Health informatics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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id="cite_note-FDA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FDA_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FDA_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription 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.cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080221164437/https://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/MedErrors/nameDiff.htm">"Name Differentiation Project"</a>. <i>FDA.gov</i>. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/MedErrors/nameDiff.htm">the original</a> on February 21, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FDA.gov&rft.atitle=Name+Differentiation+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Fcder%2Fdrug%2FMedErrors%2FnameDiff.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ISMP-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ISMP_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071218023454/https://www.ismp.org/faq.asp#Question_5">"FAQ: 5. How should Tallman lettering be applied to look-alike/sound-alike drug name pairs?"</a>. <i>ISMP.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Safe_Medication_Practices" title="Institute for Safe Medication Practices">Institute for Safe Medication Practices</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ismp.org/faq.asp#Question_5">the original</a> on December 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISMP.org&rft.atitle=FAQ%3A+5.+How+should+Tallman+lettering+be+applied+to+look-alike%2Fsound-alike+drug+name+pairs%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ismp.org%2Ffaq.asp%23Question_5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Examples: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uuhsc.utah.edu/pharmacy/alerts/191.html">"University of Utah Health Care Pharmacy Alert #191"</a> dated 2006/12/04, browsed 2007/12/20; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fraserhealth.ca/NR/rdonlyres/ewn3tcyxapmdwy2tuswtkze6o4gueut4oe2gwl752igxymg4agig4eofkj2vazzf6bg44rn5c7lkdj/DocKnowSept06.pdf">Fraser Health 'Doctors in the Know' newsletter</a> dated September, 2006, browsed 2007/12/20; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070315205409/http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/anesthesiology/Headlines/news_0725_Hosp_Pharm_July2005.pdf">Johns Hopkins Hospital "Pharmacy and Therapeutics Newsletter"</a> dated July 2005, archived 2007/3/15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lambert-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambertSchroederGalanter2016" class="citation journal cs1">Lambert, Bruce L; Schroeder, Scott R; Galanter, William L (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmjqs-2015-004929">"Does Tall Man lettering prevent drug name confusion errors? Incomplete and conflicting evidence suggest need for definitive study"</a>. Editorial. <i><a href="/wiki/BMJ_Quality_%26_Safety" title="BMJ Quality & Safety">BMJ Quality & Safety</a></i>. <b>25</b> (4): 213–217. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmjqs-2015-004929">10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004929</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26700541">26700541</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ+Quality+%26+Safety&rft.atitle=Does+Tall+Man+lettering+prevent+drug+name+confusion+errors%3F+Incomplete+and+conflicting+evidence+suggest+need+for+definitive+study&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=213-217&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmjqs-2015-004929&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26700541&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Bruce+L&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+Scott+R&rft.au=Galanter%2C+William+L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1136%252Fbmjqs-2015-004929&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFilikPurdyGaleGerrett2004" class="citation journal cs1">Filik, R; Purdy, K; Gale, A; Gerrett, D (December 2004). "Drug name confusion: Evaluating the effectiveness of capital ("Tall Man") letters using eye movement data". <i><a href="/wiki/Social_Science_%26_Medicine" title="Social Science & Medicine">Social Science & Medicine</a></i>. <b>59</b> (12): 2597–601. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2004.04.008">10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.04.008</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15474212">15474212</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+%26+Medicine&rft.atitle=Drug+name+confusion%3A+Evaluating+the+effectiveness+of+capital+%28%22Tall+Man%22%29+letters+using+eye+movement+data&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=2597-601&rft.date=2004-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2004.04.008&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15474212&rft.aulast=Filik&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Purdy%2C+K&rft.au=Gale%2C+A&rft.au=Gerrett%2C+D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhongFeinsteinPatelDai2016" class="citation journal cs1">Zhong, Wenjun; Feinstein, James A; Patel, Neil S; Dai, Dingwei; Feudtner, Chris (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmjqs-2015-004562">"Tall Man lettering and potential prescription errors: A time series analysis of 42 children's hospitals in the USA over 9 years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BMJ_Quality_%26_Safety" title="BMJ Quality & Safety">BMJ Quality & Safety</a></i>. <b>25</b> (4): 233–240. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmjqs-2015-004562">10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004562</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26534995">26534995</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ+Quality+%26+Safety&rft.atitle=Tall+Man+lettering+and+potential+prescription+errors%3A+A+time+series+analysis+of+42+children%27s+hospitals+in+the+USA+over+9+years&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=233-240&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmjqs-2015-004562&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26534995&rft.aulast=Zhong&rft.aufirst=Wenjun&rft.au=Feinstein%2C+James+A&rft.au=Patel%2C+Neil+S&rft.au=Dai%2C+Dingwei&rft.au=Feudtner%2C+Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1136%252Fbmjqs-2015-004562&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ismp-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ismp_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ismp_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ismp.org/recommendations/tall-man-letters-list">"Look-Alike Drug Names with Recommended Tall Man Letters"</a>. <i>ISMP.org</i>. Institute for Safe Medication Practices. November 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISMP.org&rft.atitle=Look-Alike+Drug+Names+with+Recommended+Tall+Man+Letters&rft.date=2016-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ismp.org%2Frecommendations%2Ftall-man-letters-list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adldata.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/tallmanletters.pdf">PDF attachment (registration needed, 2011 version)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ismp-canada.org/download/TALLman/TALLman_lettering.pdf">"TALLman Lettering for Look-Alike/Sound-Alike Drug Names in Canada"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ismp-canada.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ismp-canada.org&rft.atitle=TALLman+Lettering+for+Look-Alike%2FSound-Alike+Drug+Names+in+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ismp-canada.org%2Fdownload%2FTALLman%2FTALLman_lettering.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ismp.org/Newsletters/acutecare/articles/20101118.asp">ISMP updates its list of drug name pairs with TALL man letters</a>, November 18, 2010</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ismp-canada.org/download/TALLman/TALLmanLettering-ProjectReport.pdf">"Drug Labelling and the Application of TALLman Lettering Project Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Institute for Safe Medication Practices Canada</i>. March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Institute+for+Safe+Medication+Practices+Canada&rft.atitle=Drug+Labelling+and+the+Application+of+TALLman+Lettering+Project+Report&rft.date=2016-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ismp-canada.org%2Fdownload%2FTALLman%2FTALLmanLettering-ProjectReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATall+Man+lettering" class="Z3988"></span> – for an overview, and for a list of TALLman respelling systems</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&oldid=1239827298">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tall_Man_lettering&oldid=1239827298</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Health_informatics" title="Category:Health informatics">Health informatics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pharmacy" title="Category:Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Capitalization" title="Category:Capitalization">Capitalization</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 August 2024, at 19:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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