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searchaux" style="display:none">Scarring of the lungs</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-medical-condition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Usual interstitial pneumonia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">Usual interstitial pneumonitis (UIP)</td></tr><tr style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_(UIP).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_%28UIP%29.jpg/220px-CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_%28UIP%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_%28UIP%29.jpg/330px-CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_%28UIP%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_%28UIP%29.jpg/440px-CT_scan_in_usual_interstitial_pneumonia_%28UIP%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="952" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/CT_scan" title="CT scan">CT scan</a> of a patient with UIP. There is interstitial thickening, architectural distortion, honeycombing and bronchiectasis.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Respirology" class="mw-redirect" title="Respirology">Respirology</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Usual interstitial pneumonia</b> (<b>UIP</b>) is a form of <a href="/wiki/Lung_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Lung disease">lung disease</a> characterized by progressive scarring of both <a href="/wiki/Lung" title="Lung">lungs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The scarring (<a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Pulmonary fibrosis">pulmonary fibrosis</a>) involves the <a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_interstitium" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonary interstitium">pulmonary interstitium</a> (the supporting framework of the lung). UIP is thus classified as a form of <a href="/wiki/Interstitial_lung_disease" title="Interstitial lung disease">interstitial lung disease</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term "usual" refers to the fact that UIP is the most common form of interstitial fibrosis. "Pneumonia" indicates "lung abnormality", which includes fibrosis and inflammation. A term previously used for UIP in the British literature is cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA), a term that has fallen out of favor since the basic underlying pathology is now thought to be fibrosis, not inflammation. The term <b>usual interstitial pneumonitis</b> (<b>UIP</b>) has also often been used, but again, the <i>-itis</i> part of that name may overemphasize inflammation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Signs_and_symptoms">Signs and symptoms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Signs and symptoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The typical symptoms of UIP are progressive <a href="/wiki/Shortness_of_breath" title="Shortness of breath">shortness of breath</a> and cough for a period of months. In some patients, UIP is diagnosed only when a more acute disease supervenes and brings the patient to medical attention. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cause of the scarring in UIP may be known (less commonly) or unknown (more commonly). Since the medical term for conditions of unknown cause is "idiopathic", the clinical term for UIP of unknown cause is <a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis">idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis</a> (IPF).<sup id="cite_ref-WuytsCavazza2014_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WuytsCavazza2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of known causes of UIP include <a href="/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease" title="Connective tissue disease">connective tissue diseases</a> (primarily <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>), drug toxicity, chronic <a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis" title="Hypersensitivity pneumonitis">hypersensitivity pneumonitis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asbestosis" title="Asbestosis">asbestosis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hermansky%E2%80%93Pudlak_syndrome" title="Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome">Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WuytsCavazza2014_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WuytsCavazza2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UIP_(Usual_interstitial_pneumonia)-CT_scan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/UIP_%28Usual_interstitial_pneumonia%29-CT_scan.jpg/220px-UIP_%28Usual_interstitial_pneumonia%29-CT_scan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/UIP_%28Usual_interstitial_pneumonia%29-CT_scan.jpg/330px-UIP_%28Usual_interstitial_pneumonia%29-CT_scan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/UIP_%28Usual_interstitial_pneumonia%29-CT_scan.jpg/440px-UIP_%28Usual_interstitial_pneumonia%29-CT_scan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption>Usual interstitial pneumonia seen on CT scan. Honeycomb fibrosis is seen at the bases of both lungs.</figcaption></figure> <p>UIP may be diagnosed by a radiologist using computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest, or by a pathologist using tissue obtained by a lung biopsy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radiology">Radiology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Radiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Radiologically, the main feature required for a confident diagnosis of UIP is honeycomb change in the periphery and the lower portions (bases) of the lungs.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/High-resolution_computed_tomography" title="High-resolution computed tomography">high-resolution computed tomography</a> (HRCT), the following categories, depending on imaging findings, have been recommended by a collaborative effort by the <a href="/wiki/American_Thoracic_Society" title="American Thoracic Society">American Thoracic Society</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Respiratory_Society" title="European Respiratory Society">European Respiratory Society</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Japanese_Respiratory_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japanese Respiratory Society (page does not exist)">Japanese Respiratory Society</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin_American_Thoracic_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latin American Thoracic Society (page does not exist)">Latin American Thoracic Society</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>UIP pattern</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honeycombing" title="Honeycombing">Honeycombing</a>, with or without peripheral traction <a href="/wiki/Bronchiectasis" title="Bronchiectasis">bronchiectasis</a>; or bronchiolectasis (dilatation of the terminal bronchioles)<sup id="cite_ref-MW1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MW1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Predominantly subpleural and basal</li> <li>Often heterogenous distribution, being occasionally diffuse, and may be asymmetrical</li></ul></dd></dl> <p>There may be superimposed CT features such as mild <a href="/wiki/Ground-glass_opacity" title="Ground-glass opacity">ground-glass opacity</a>, reticular pattern and pulmonary ossification. </p> <ul><li><b>Probable UIP pattern</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Predominantly subpleural and basal</li> <li>Often heterogenous distribution</li> <li>Reticular pattern with peripheral traction bronchiectasis or bronchiolectasis</li> <li>There may be mild ground-glass opacity</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Indeterminate for UIP</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Predominantly subpleural and basal</li> <li>Subtle reticular pattern</li> <li>May have mild ground-glass opacity or distortion (“early UIP pattern”)</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li>Findings suggestive of <b>another diagnosis</b>, including:<sup id="cite_ref-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RaghuRemy-Jardin2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Other predominant distribution:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>Peribronchovascular</li> <li>Perilymphatic</li> <li>Upper or mid-lung</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li>Cysts</li> <li>Marked mosaic pattern</li> <li>Predominant ground-glass opacity</li> <li>Profuse <a href="/wiki/Lung_nodule" title="Lung nodule">lung micronodules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lung_nodule" title="Lung nodule">Lung nodules</a>, especially centrilobular</li> <li>Consolidation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleural_plaques" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleural plaques">Pleural plaques</a> (indicating asbestosis)</li> <li>Dilated esophagus (indicating <a href="/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease" title="Connective tissue disease">connective tissue disease</a>)</li> <li>Distal clavicular erosions (indicating <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>)</li> <li>Extensive lymph node enlargement</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleural_effusion" title="Pleural effusion">Pleural effusion</a></li> <li>Pleural thickening (indicating <a href="/wiki/Connective_tissue_disease" title="Connective tissue disease">connective tissue disease</a>/drugs)</li></ul></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Histology">Histology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Histology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The histologic hallmarks of UIP, as seen in lung tissue under a microscope by a pathologist, are interstitial fibrosis in a "patchwork pattern", honeycomb change and fibroblast foci (see images below).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Pathological findings in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UIPlungbiopsy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Appearance of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The tissue is stained with hematoxylin (purple dye) and eosin (pink dye) to make it visible. The pink areas in this picture represent lung fibrosis (collagen stains pink). Note the "patchwork" (quilt-like) pattern of the fibrosis."><img alt="Appearance of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The tissue is stained with hematoxylin (purple dye) and eosin (pink dye) to make it visible. The pink areas in this picture represent lung fibrosis (collagen stains pink). Note the "patchwork" (quilt-like) pattern of the fibrosis." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/UIPlungbiopsy.jpg/120px-UIPlungbiopsy.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/UIPlungbiopsy.jpg/180px-UIPlungbiopsy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/UIPlungbiopsy.jpg/240px-UIPlungbiopsy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Appearance of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The tissue is stained with hematoxylin (purple dye) and eosin (pink dye) to make it visible. The pink areas in this picture represent lung fibrosis (collagen stains pink). Note the "patchwork" (quilt-like) pattern of the fibrosis.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Honeycomb_change.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Appearance of honeycomb change in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The dilated spaces seen here are filled with mucin. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, low magnification."><img alt="Appearance of honeycomb change in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The dilated spaces seen here are filled with mucin. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, low magnification." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Honeycomb_change.jpg/120px-Honeycomb_change.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Honeycomb_change.jpg/180px-Honeycomb_change.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Honeycomb_change.jpg/240px-Honeycomb_change.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Appearance of honeycomb change in a surgical lung biopsy at low magnification. The dilated spaces seen here are filled with mucin. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, low magnification. </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fibroblast_focus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A fibroblast focus in a surgical lung biopsy of UIP. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, high magnification. The white space to the left is an airspace. The pale area to the right is a fibroblast focus. It is an area of active fibroblast proliferation within the interstitium of the lung."><img alt="A fibroblast focus in a surgical lung biopsy of UIP. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, high magnification. The white space to the left is an airspace. The pale area to the right is a fibroblast focus. It is an area of active fibroblast proliferation within the interstitium of the lung." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Fibroblast_focus.jpg/120px-Fibroblast_focus.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Fibroblast_focus.jpg/180px-Fibroblast_focus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Fibroblast_focus.jpg/240px-Fibroblast_focus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A fibroblast focus in a surgical lung biopsy of UIP. Hematoxylin-eosin stain, high magnification. The white space to the left is an airspace. The pale area to the right is a fibroblast focus. It is an area of active fibroblast proliferation within the interstitium of the lung. </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Differential_diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Differential diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The differential diagnosis includes other types of lung disease that cause similar symptoms and show similar abnormalities on chest radiographs. Some of these diseases cause fibrosis, scarring or honeycomb change. The most common considerations include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_hypersensitivity_pneumonitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis">chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-specific_interstitial_pneumonia" title="Non-specific interstitial pneumonia">non-specific interstitial pneumonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcoidosis" title="Sarcoidosis">sarcoidosis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulmonary_Langerhans_cell_histiocytosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (page does not exist)">pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbestosis" title="Asbestosis">asbestosis</a><sup id="cite_ref-leslie_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leslie-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Management">Management</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_therapy" title="Oxygen therapy">Oxygen therapy</a> may assist with daily living. In case of <a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis">idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis</a>, certain medications like <a href="/wiki/Nintedanib" title="Nintedanib">nintedanib</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pirfenidone" title="Pirfenidone">pirfenidone</a> can help slow the progression.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lastly, <a href="/wiki/Lung_transplantation" title="Lung transplantation">lung transplants</a> may help. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prognosis">Prognosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Prognosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Regardless of cause, UIP is relentlessly progressive, usually leading to <a href="/wiki/Respiratory_failure" title="Respiratory failure">respiratory failure</a> and death without a lung transplant.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Some patients do well for a prolonged period of time, but then deteriorate rapidly because of a superimposed acute illness (so-called "accelerated UIP"). The outlook for long-term survival is poor. In most studies, the <a href="/wiki/Median" title="Median">median</a> survival is 3 to 4 years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Patients with UIP in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis have a slightly better prognosis than UIP without a known cause (IPF). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>UIP, as a term, first appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">pathology</a> literature. It was coined by <a href="/wiki/Averill_A._Liebow" title="Averill A. Liebow">Averill Abraham Liebow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumoconiosis" title="Pneumoconiosis">Pneumoconiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicosis" title="Silicosis">Silicosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbestosis" title="Asbestosis">Asbestosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis">Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Pulmonary fibrosis">Pulmonary fibrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emphysema" title="Emphysema">Emphysema</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTravisKingBateman2002" class="citation journal cs1">Travis WD, King TE, Bateman ED, et al. (2002). "ATS/ERS international multidisciplinary consensus classification of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Medical+Definition+of+BRONCHIOLECTASIS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fmedical%2Fbronchiolectasis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsual+interstitial+pneumonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatzensteinMukhopadhyayMyers2008" class="citation journal cs1">Katzenstein AL, Mukhopadhyay S, Myers JL (2008). 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(2005). <i>Practical pulmonary pathology: a diagnostic approach</i>. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-443-06631-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-443-06631-0"><bdi>0-443-06631-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/156861539">156861539</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practical+pulmonary+pathology%3A+a+diagnostic+approach&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Churchill+Livingstone&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F156861539&rft.isbn=0-443-06631-0&rft.au=Leslie%2C+Kevin+O&rft.au=Wick%2C+Mark+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUsual+interstitial+pneumonia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pulmonary-fibrosis/patients/how-is-pulmonary-fibrosis-treated/medications.html">Reviewed and approved by the American Lung Association Scientific and Medical Editorial Review Panel</a>. Last reviewed February 5, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2548.html">Averill Abraham Liebow</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Who_Named_It%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Who Named It?">Who Named It?</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usual_interstitial_pneumonia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147306" class="extiw" title="d:Q17147306">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: J84.1</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=515">515</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb4815.htm">4815</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Diseases_of_the_respiratory_system" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Respiratory_pathology" title="Template:Respiratory pathology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Respiratory_pathology" title="Template talk:Respiratory pathology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Respiratory_pathology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Respiratory pathology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diseases_of_the_respiratory_system" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_disease" title="Respiratory disease">Diseases of the respiratory system</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_respiratory_tract_infection" title="Upper respiratory tract infection">Upper RT</a><br />(including <a href="/wiki/Upper_respiratory_tract_infection" title="Upper respiratory tract infection">URTIs</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Common_cold" title="Common cold">common cold</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_head" title="Human head">Head</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Paranasal_sinuses" title="Paranasal sinuses">sinuses</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sinusitis" title="Sinusitis">Sinusitis</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Human_nose" title="Human nose">nose</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rhinitis" title="Rhinitis">Rhinitis</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Nonallergic_rhinitis" title="Nonallergic rhinitis">Vasomotor rhinitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chronic_atrophic_rhinitis" title="Chronic atrophic rhinitis">Atrophic rhinitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis" title="Allergic rhinitis">Hay fever</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nasal_polyp" title="Nasal polyp">Nasal polyp</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rhinorrhea" title="Rhinorrhea">Rhinorrhea</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Nasal_septum" title="Nasal septum">nasal septum</a></i> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Nasal_septum_deviation" title="Nasal septum deviation">Nasal septum deviation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nasal_septum_perforation" title="Nasal septum perforation">Nasal septum perforation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nasal_septal_hematoma" title="Nasal septal hematoma">Nasal septal hematoma</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Tonsil" title="Tonsil">tonsil</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tonsillitis" title="Tonsillitis">Tonsillitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Adenoid_hypertrophy" title="Adenoid hypertrophy">Adenoid hypertrophy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Peritonsillar_abscess" title="Peritonsillar abscess">Peritonsillar abscess</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neck" title="Neck">Neck</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Pharynx" title="Pharynx">pharynx</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pharyngitis" title="Pharyngitis">Pharyngitis</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Streptococcal_pharyngitis" title="Streptococcal pharyngitis">Strep throat</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngopharyngeal_reflux" title="Laryngopharyngeal reflux">Laryngopharyngeal reflux</a> (LPR)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Retropharyngeal_abscess" title="Retropharyngeal abscess">Retropharyngeal abscess</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Larynx" title="Larynx">larynx</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Croup" title="Croup">Croup</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngomalacia" title="Laryngomalacia">Laryngomalacia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngeal_cyst" title="Laryngeal cyst">Laryngeal cyst</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngitis" title="Laryngitis">Laryngitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngopharyngeal_reflux" title="Laryngopharyngeal reflux">Laryngopharyngeal reflux</a> (LPR)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngospasm" title="Laryngospasm">Laryngospasm</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Vocal_cords" title="Vocal cords">vocal cords</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngopharyngeal_reflux" title="Laryngopharyngeal reflux">Laryngopharyngeal reflux</a> (LPR)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vocal_cord_nodule" title="Vocal cord nodule">Vocal fold nodule</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vocal_cord_paresis" title="Vocal cord paresis">Vocal fold paresis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vocal_cord_dysfunction" title="Vocal cord dysfunction">Vocal cord dysfunction</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Epiglottis" title="Epiglottis">epiglottis</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Epiglottitis" title="Epiglottitis">Epiglottitis</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i><a href="/wiki/Trachea" title="Trachea">trachea</a></i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tracheitis" title="Tracheitis">Tracheitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Laryngotracheal_stenosis" title="Laryngotracheal stenosis">Laryngotracheal stenosis</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_respiratory_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower respiratory tract">Lower RT</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_disease" title="Respiratory disease">lung disease</a><br />(including <a href="/wiki/Lower_respiratory_tract_infection" title="Lower respiratory tract infection">LRTIs</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bronchus" title="Bronchus">Bronchial</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Obstructive_lung_disease" title="Obstructive lung disease">obstructive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><i>acute</i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Acute_bronchitis" title="Acute bronchitis">Acute bronchitis</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i>chronic</i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease" title="Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease">COPD</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bronchitis#Chronic_bronchitis" title="Bronchitis">Chronic bronchitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Acute_exacerbation_of_chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease" title="Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease">Acute exacerbation of COPD</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">Asthma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Status_asthmaticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Status asthmaticus">Status asthmaticus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aspirin-exacerbated_respiratory_disease" title="Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease">AERD</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Exercise-induced_asthma" class="mw-redirect" title="Exercise-induced asthma">Exercise-induced</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bronchiectasis" title="Bronchiectasis">Bronchiectasis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis" title="Cystic fibrosis">Cystic fibrosis</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i>unspecified</i></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bronchitis" title="Bronchitis">Bronchitis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bronchiolitis" title="Bronchiolitis">Bronchiolitis</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bronchiolitis_obliterans" title="Bronchiolitis obliterans">Bronchiolitis obliterans</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Diffuse_panbronchiolitis" title="Diffuse panbronchiolitis">Diffuse panbronchiolitis</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_lung_disease" title="Interstitial lung disease">Interstitial</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Restrictive_lung_disease" title="Restrictive lung disease">restrictive</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Pulmonary fibrosis">fibrosis</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External agents/<br /><a href="/wiki/Occupational_disease" title="Occupational disease">occupational</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Occupational_lung_disease" title="Occupational lung disease">lung disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Pneumoconiosis" title="Pneumoconiosis">Pneumoconiosis</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Aluminosis" title="Aluminosis">Aluminosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Asbestosis" title="Asbestosis">Asbestosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Baritosis" title="Baritosis">Baritosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bauxite_fibrosis" title="Bauxite fibrosis">Bauxite fibrosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Berylliosis" title="Berylliosis">Berylliosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caplan%27s_syndrome" title="Caplan's syndrome">Caplan's syndrome</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chalicosis" title="Chalicosis">Chalicosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Coalworker%27s_pneumoconiosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalworker's pneumoconiosis">Coalworker's pneumoconiosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Siderosis" title="Siderosis">Siderosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Silicosis" title="Silicosis">Silicosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_talcosis" title="Pulmonary talcosis">Talcosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Byssinosis" title="Byssinosis">Byssinosis</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis" title="Hypersensitivity pneumonitis">Hypersensitivity pneumonitis</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Bagassosis" title="Bagassosis">Bagassosis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bird_fancier%27s_lung" title="Bird fancier's lung">Bird fancier's lung</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Farmer%27s_lung" title="Farmer's lung">Farmer's lung</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lycoperdonosis" title="Lycoperdonosis">Lycoperdonosis</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome">ARDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_pulmonary_fibrosis_and_emphysema" title="Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema">Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_edema" title="Pulmonary edema">Pulmonary edema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6ffler%27s_syndrome" title="Löffler's syndrome">Löffler's syndrome</a>/<a href="/wiki/Eosinophilic_pneumonia" title="Eosinophilic pneumonia">Eosinophilic pneumonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_hypersensitivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Respiratory hypersensitivity">Respiratory hypersensitivity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis" title="Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis">Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamman%E2%80%93Rich_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamman–Rich syndrome">Hamman–Rich syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis" title="Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis">Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcoidosis" title="Sarcoidosis">Sarcoidosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaping-associated_pulmonary_injury" title="Vaping-associated pulmonary injury">Vaping-associated pulmonary injury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obstructive /<br /> Restrictive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">Pneumonia</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Pneumonitis" title="Pneumonitis">pneumonitis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By pathogen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viral_pneumonia" title="Viral pneumonia">Viral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacterial_pneumonia" title="Bacterial pneumonia">Bacterial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumococcal_infection" title="Pneumococcal infection">Pneumococcal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klebsiella_pneumoniae#Klebsiella_pneumonia" title="Klebsiella pneumoniae">Klebsiella</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atypical_pneumonia" title="Atypical pneumonia">Atypical bacterial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mycoplasma_pneumonia" title="Mycoplasma pneumonia">Mycoplasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionellosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Legionellosis">Legionnaires' disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlamydiota" title="Chlamydiota">Chlamydiae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fungal_pneumonia" title="Fungal pneumonia">Fungal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumocystis_pneumonia" title="Pneumocystis pneumonia">Pneumocystis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitic_pneumonia" title="Parasitic pneumonia">Parasitic</a></li> <li><i>noninfectious</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_pneumonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemical pneumonia">Chemical</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mendelson%27s_syndrome" title="Mendelson's syndrome">Mendelson's syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspiration_pneumonia" title="Aspiration pneumonia">Aspiration</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lipid_pneumonia" title="Lipid pneumonia">Lipid</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By vector/route</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community-acquired_pneumonia" title="Community-acquired pneumonia">Community-acquired</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare-associated_pneumonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare-associated pneumonia">Healthcare-associated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital-acquired_pneumonia" title="Hospital-acquired pneumonia">Hospital-acquired</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By distribution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronchopneumonia" title="Bronchopneumonia">Broncho-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobar_pneumonia" title="Lobar pneumonia">Lobar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_interstitial_pneumonia" title="Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia">IIP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">UIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desquamative_interstitial_pneumonia" title="Desquamative interstitial pneumonia">DIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronchiolitis_obliterans_organizing_pneumonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia">BOOP-COP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonspecific_interstitial_pneumonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia">NSIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_bronchiolitis" title="Respiratory bronchiolitis">RB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atelectasis" title="Atelectasis">Atelectasis</a></li> <li><i>circulatory</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_hypertension" title="Pulmonary hypertension">Pulmonary hypertension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_embolism" title="Pulmonary embolism">Pulmonary embolism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lung_abscess" title="Lung abscess">Lung abscess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pleural_cavity" title="Pleural cavity">Pleural cavity</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Mediastinum" title="Mediastinum">mediastinum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pleural_disease" title="Pleural disease">Pleural disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pleurisy" title="Pleurisy">Pleuritis/pleurisy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pneumothorax" title="Pneumothorax">Pneumothorax</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hemopneumothorax" title="Hemopneumothorax">Hemopneumothorax</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Pleural_effusion" title="Pleural effusion">Pleural effusion</a></dt> <dd></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hemothorax" title="Hemothorax">Hemothorax</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hydrothorax" title="Hydrothorax">Hydrothorax</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chylothorax" title="Chylothorax">Chylothorax</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pleural_empyema" title="Pleural empyema">Empyema/pyothorax</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Malignant_pleural_effusion" title="Malignant pleural effusion">Malignant</a></dd></dl> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Fibrothorax" title="Fibrothorax">Fibrothorax</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mediastinal_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediastinal disease">Mediastinal disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediastinitis" title="Mediastinitis">Mediastinitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumomediastinum" title="Pneumomediastinum">Mediastinal emphysema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other/general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_failure" title="Respiratory failure">Respiratory failure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">Influenza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_cold" title="Common cold">Common cold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe acute respiratory syndrome">SARS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_haemosiderosis" title="Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis">Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_alveolar_proteinosis" title="Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis">Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis</a></li></ul> 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