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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Histoire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Histoire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Histoire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Histoire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Géographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Géographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Géographie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Géographie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Géographie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Géographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arrondissements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrondissements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Arrondissements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrondissements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Climat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Transports</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aéroports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aéroports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Aéroports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aéroports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Trains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport_maritime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport_maritime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Transport maritime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport_maritime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Métro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Métro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Métro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Métro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tramway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tramway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Tramway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tramway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Bus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourisme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourisme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tourisme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourisme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_et_Enseignements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_et_Enseignements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture et Enseignements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_et_Enseignements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Culture et Enseignements</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_et_Enseignements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Musées" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musées"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Musées</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musées-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manifestations_sportives_internationales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manifestations_sportives_internationales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Manifestations sportives internationales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manifestations_sportives_internationales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enseignement_supérieur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enseignement_supérieur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Enseignement supérieur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enseignement_supérieur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliothèques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliothèques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Bibliothèques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliothèques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Économie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Économie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Économie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Économie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Économie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Économie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Principales_entreprises_d'Osaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principales_entreprises_d'Osaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Principales entreprises d'Osaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principales_entreprises_d'Osaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnes_célèbres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnes_célèbres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Personnes célèbres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personnes_célèbres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Personnes célèbres</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personnes_célèbres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personnes_célèbres_nées_à_Osaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnes_célèbres_nées_à_Osaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Personnes célèbres nées à Osaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personnes_célèbres_nées_à_Osaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnes_célèbres_décédées_à_Osaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnes_célèbres_décédées_à_Osaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Personnes célèbres décédées à Osaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personnes_célèbres_décédées_à_Osaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galerie_de_photos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerie_de_photos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Galerie de photos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerie_de_photos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jumelages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jumelages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Jumelages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jumelages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Osaka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 163 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-163" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">163 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – adyguéen" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adyguéen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A6%E1%88%B3%E1%8A%AB" title="ኦሳካ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኦሳካ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaca" title="Ōsaca – ancien anglais" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ōsaca" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="ancien anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7" title="أوساكا – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوساكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7" title="اوساكا – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوساكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوساکا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوساکا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – balinais" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="ওসাকা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওসাকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaka-shi_(kapital_sa_prepektura)" title="Ōsaka-shi (kapital sa prepektura) – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ōsaka-shi (kapital sa prepektura)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="ئۆساکا – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆساکا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93saka" title="Ósaka – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ósaka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – bas-sorabe" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="bas-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – dusun central" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="dusun central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="ओसाका – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ओसाका" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – éwé" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="éwé" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%83%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Οσάκα – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οσάκα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C5%9B%C3%A0ka" title="Uśàka – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Uśàka" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osako" title="Osako – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Osako" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaka" title="Ōsaka – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ōsaka" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوساکا – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوساکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recommandé"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – fidjien" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93saca" title="Ósaca – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ósaca" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaca" title="Osaca – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Osaca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰 – gotique" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai-f%C3%A1n-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Thai-fán-sṳ – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thai-fán-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%94" title="אוסקה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוסקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="ओसाका – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओसाका" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – haut-sorabe" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="haut-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oszaka" title="Oszaka – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oszaka" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Օսակա – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օսակա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%86%E1%93%B4%E1%91%B2" title="ᐆᓴᑲ – inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐆᓴᑲ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" title="大阪市 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大阪市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ოსაკა – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოსაკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Осака (қала) – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Осака (қала)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE" title="ಒಸಾಕಾ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒಸಾಕಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%82%AC%EC%B9%B4%EC%8B%9C" title="오사카시 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오사카시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozaca" title="Ozaca – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ozaca" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – mokcha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%95" title="ഓസക – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓസക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="ओसाका – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ओसाका" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အိုဆာကာမြို့ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုဆာကာမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوساکا – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اوساکا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka_(stad)" title="Osaka (stad) – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Osaka (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – chewa" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="chewa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Осакæ – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Осакæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="ਓਸਾਕਾ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਓਸਾਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوساکا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اوساکا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%83%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Οσάκα – pontique" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Οσάκα" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pontique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوساکا – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوساکا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaka" title="Ōsaka – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ōsaka" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱳᱥᱟᱠᱟ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱳᱥᱟᱠᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaka" title="Ōsaka – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ōsaka" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%AA%D8%A7" title="اوساڪا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اوساڪا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaka" title="Ōsaka – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ōsaka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%95%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F" title="ඕසකා – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඕසකා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka_(mesto)" title="Osaka (mesto) – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Osaka (mesto)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – silésien" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE" title="ஒசாக்கா – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒசாக்கா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B0" title="โอซากะ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โอซากะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7" title="ئوساكا – ouïghour" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوساكا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ouïghour" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Осака – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Осака" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="اوساکا – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اوساکا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osak" title="Osak – vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Osak" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Csaka_(th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91)" title="Ōsaka (thành phố) – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ōsaka (thành phố)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Osaka" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" title="大阪市 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大阪市" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" title="大阪市 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大阪市" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" title="大阪市 – chinois littéraire" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="大阪市" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chinois littéraire" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81i-p%C3%A1n-chh%C4%AB" title="Tāi-pán-chhī – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tāi-pán-chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA" title="大阪 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大阪" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35765#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Osaka" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Osaka"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Osaka"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Osaka" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Osaka" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&oldid=219891975" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Osaka&id=219891975&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOsaka"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOsaka"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Osaka"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Osaka&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E5%B8%82" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Osaka" hreflang="fr"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35765" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" class="noprint"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/34.69361/135.50194/fr" data-zoom="9" data-lat="34.69361" data-lon="135.50194" data-overlays="["_c17a4a5acebc99551ba69ef4ffc176bdaa92f3cc"]">34° 41′ 37″ nord, 135° 30′ 07″ est</a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Osaka_(homonymie)" class="mw-disambig" title="Osaka (homonymie)">Osaka (homonymie)</a>. </p> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete entete map" style="background-color:#C60B1E;color:#FFF;">Ōsaka-shi <br /><small><span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">大阪市</span></small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r151886662">.mw-parser-output .entete.map{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")}</style> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Osaka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg/280px-Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg/420px-Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg/560px-Osaka_Castle_03bs3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2133" /></a></span> <br />Le <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Osaka" title="Château d'Osaka">château d'Osaka</a> et le quartier d'affaires. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fichier:Flag_of_Osaka,_Osaka.svg&lang=fr" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Drapeau de Ōsaka-shi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg/langfr-130px-Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg/langfr-195px-Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg/langfr-260px-Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Drapeau" title="Drapeau">Drapeau</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#C60B1E; color:#FFF">Administration</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_pays_du_monde" title="Liste des pays du monde">Pays</a> </th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Japon"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Japon"><img alt="Drapeau du Japon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a></span> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gions_du_Japon" title="Régions du Japon">Région</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_du_Kansai" title="Région du Kansai">Kansai</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fectures_du_Japon" title="Préfectures du Japon">Préfecture</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_d%27Osaka" title="Préfecture d'Osaka">Osaka</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Maire" title="Maire">Maire</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Hideyuki_Yokoyama" title="Hideyuki Yokoyama">Hideyuki Yokoyama</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Code_postal" title="Code postal">Code postal</a> </th> <td>〒530-8201 </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#C60B1E; color:#FFF">Démographie</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Recensement_de_la_population" title="Recensement de la population">Population</a> </th> <td>2 773 544 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant">hab.</abbr> <small>(mars 2024)</small> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A9_de_population" title="Densité de population">Densité</a></th> <td>12 315 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant par kilomètre carré">hab./km<sup>2</sup></abbr></td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#C60B1E; color:#FFF">Géographie</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Coordonn%C3%A9es_g%C3%A9ographiques" title="Coordonnées géographiques">Coordonnées</a> </th><td><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/34.69361/135.50194/fr" data-zoom="9" data-lat="34.69361" data-lon="135.50194" data-overlays="["_c17a4a5acebc99551ba69ef4ffc176bdaa92f3cc"]">34° 41′ 37″ nord, 135° 30′ 07″ est</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Aire_(g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie)#Superficie" title="Aire (géométrie)">Superficie</a> </th> <td><span title="225 210 000 m² ou 225,21 km²" style="cursor:help">22 521</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="hectare">ha</abbr> = 225,21 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr> </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#C60B1E; color:#FFF">Localisation</th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <div class="img_toggle" style="text-align:center;"> <div class="geobox"> <div><small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a></small></div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0"><div style="position:relative;;"><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte topographique du Japon"><img alt="Voir sur la carte topographique du Japon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg/280px-Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg/420px-Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg/560px-Japan_relief_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2497" data-file-height="2256" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(70.494886363636% - 8px);left:calc(34.5313361864% - 8px);line-height:0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_12.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/16px-City_locator_12.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/24px-City_locator_12.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/32px-City_locator_12.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;font-size:110%;bottom:calc(100% - 70.494886363636% + 0.5em);left:calc(34.5313361864% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"><span class="toponyme">Ōsaka-shi</span></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div class="geobox"> <div><small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a></small></div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0"><div style="position:relative;;"><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte administrative du Japon"><img alt="Voir sur la carte administrative du Japon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/280px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/420px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/560px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="373" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(70.494886363636% - 8px);left:calc(34.5313361864% - 8px);line-height:0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_12.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/16px-City_locator_12.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/24px-City_locator_12.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/32px-City_locator_12.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;font-size:110%;bottom:calc(100% - 70.494886363636% + 0.5em);left:calc(34.5313361864% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"><span class="toponyme">Ōsaka-shi</span></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div class="geobox"> <div><small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_d%27Osaka" title="Préfecture d'Osaka">préfecture d'Osaka</a></small></div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0"><div style="position:relative;;"><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte topographique de la préfecture d'Osaka"><img alt="Voir sur la carte topographique de la préfecture d'Osaka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg/280px-Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="379" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg/420px-Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg/560px-Osaka_g%C3%A9olocalisation_relief.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="1004" /></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(45.928157863642% - 8px);left:calc(62.755263157892% - 8px);line-height:0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_12.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/16px-City_locator_12.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/24px-City_locator_12.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/City_locator_12.svg/32px-City_locator_12.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;font-size:110%;bottom:calc(100% - 45.928157863642% + 0.5em);left:calc(62.755263157892% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"><span class="toponyme">Ōsaka-shi</span></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#C60B1E; color:#FFF">Liens</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Site_web" title="Site web">Site web</a> </th> <td><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/">www.city.osaka.lg.jp</a></span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:left;"><div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #C60B1E solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Ville_du_Japon" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg/250px-Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg/375px-Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg/500px-Wfm_kansai_overview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3703" data-file-height="3235" /></a><figcaption>La baie d'Osaka.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Osaka</b> ou <b>Ōsaka</b> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">大阪市</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">Ōsaka-shi</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>, <span title="Information complémentaire">prononcé /<span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_phon%C3%A9tique_international" title="Alphabet phonétique international"><span class="nowrap">oː.sa.ka.ɕi</span></a></span>/</span>)</span> est la troisième plus grande municipalité du <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a> et le centre de la <a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">conurbation</a> du <i><a href="/wiki/Keihanshin" title="Keihanshin">Keihanshin</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>-<a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a>-Osaka), deuxième aire métropolitaine du pays tant en nombre d'habitants qu’en <a href="/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La ville est également le chef-lieu de la <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_d%27Osaka" title="Préfecture d'Osaka">préfecture du même nom</a>. Elle est située sur l'île de <a href="/wiki/Honsh%C5%AB" title="Honshū">Honshū</a> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">本州</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, l'île principale du Japon sur laquelle se trouve également <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, sur les rives de la <a href="/wiki/Mer_int%C3%A9rieure_de_Seto" title="Mer intérieure de Seto">mer intérieure de Seto</a>, plus précisément dans la <a href="/wiki/Baie_d%27Osaka" title="Baie d'Osaka">baie d'Osaka</a>. </p><p><i>Ōsaka</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7#ja" class="extiw" title="wikt:大">大</a><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%98%AA#ja" class="extiw" title="wikt:阪">阪</a></span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> signifie « grande pente ». </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_d%27Osaka" title="Chronologie d'Osaka">Chronologie d'Osaka</a>.</div></div> <p>La fondation de la ville remonterait au <a href="/wiki/IIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="3ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">III</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a>. Son port joue un rôle fondamental dans son développement et lui permet de nouer des contacts avec la <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e" title="Corée">Corée</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Chine_imp%C3%A9riale" title="Chine impériale">Chine</a>. C'est de cette époque que datent les <i><a href="/wiki/Kofun" title="Kofun">kofun</a></i>, impressionnantes structures funéraires. </p><p>Tournée vers le commerce et l'industrie, Osaka est aussi devenue grâce à l'<a href="/wiki/Empereur_du_Japon" title="Empereur du Japon">empereur</a> <a href="/wiki/Tenji_(empereur)" title="Tenji (empereur)">Tenji</a>, sous son ancien nom de <b><a href="/wiki/Naniwa-ky%C5%8D" title="Naniwa-kyō">Naniwa</a></b> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">難波 / 浪華 / 浪花</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, la capitale de l'empire entre le milieu du <a href="/wiki/VIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="7ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> et le milieu du <a href="/wiki/VIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="8ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. On construit à cette période le premier <a href="/wiki/Temples_bouddhistes_au_Japon" title="Temples bouddhistes au Japon">temple bouddhiste</a> du Japon, le <a href="/wiki/Shi_Tenn%C5%8D-ji" title="Shi Tennō-ji">Shi Tennō-ji</a>. </p><p>Un autre événement essentiel dans l'histoire d'Osaka a été la décision prise par <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> d'y construire un imposant château, <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Osaka" title="Château d'Osaka">Ōsaka-jō</a>, en 1583. Cela attira de nombreux négociants. </p><p>Bien qu'elle ait souffert lors des <a href="/wiki/Si%C3%A8ge_d%27Osaka" title="Siège d'Osaka">sièges de 1614 et 1615</a>, Osaka retrouva la prospérité et, lors de la <a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_d%27Edo" title="Époque d'Edo">période Edo</a>, était parfois surnommée « le garde-manger de la nation » <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">天下の台所</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">tenka no daidokoro</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> à cause de son rôle central dans le commerce du riz. Outre son économie florissante, la ville était un centre culturel qui vit se développer, par exemple, le <i><a href="/wiki/Bunraku" title="Bunraku">bunraku</a></i> (théâtre de marionnettes) et le <i><a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a></i>, ainsi qu'un lieu de savoir et d'éducation, en particulier dans le domaine de la médecine<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>A l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_Edo" class="mw-redirect" title="Époque Edo">époque Edo</a>, l'univers des <a href="/wiki/Almanach_des_maisons_vertes" class="mw-redirect" title="Almanach des maisons vertes">Maisons vertes</a> était très important dans la peinture des <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a>. À Osaka, ces lieux de prostitution étaient installés à partir de 1624 dans le quartier <a href="/wiki/Shinmachi" title="Shinmachi">Shinmachi</a> ("la nouvelle ville"). Tolérés par le <a href="/wiki/Shogunat" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogunat">shogunat</a>, ces quartiers étaient reconnus par des licences gouvernementales et constituaient de véritables enclaves dans lesquelles les distinctions sociales régissant la vie ordinaire n'avaient plus cours. Les théâtres <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a> étaient généralement installés au sein de ces quartiers et, au début, les actrices étaient des prostituées<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, Osaka était devenu un important centre industriel. </p><p>La ville a été profondément affectée par les bombardements américains de la <a href="/wiki/Seconde_Guerre_mondiale" title="Seconde Guerre mondiale">Seconde Guerre mondiale</a>. Les effets d'une reconstruction rapide et désordonnée se font encore sentir aujourd'hui dans son urbanisme. </p><p>Des années 1950 aux années 1970, la région a été la proie d'une pollution industrielle intense. Par exemple, en 1960, on a enregistré 156 jours de brouillard polluant. Depuis, Osaka est devenue pionnière au Japon en matière de politiques environnementales<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Osaka a accueilli l'<a href="/wiki/Exposition_horticole_de_1990" title="Exposition horticole de 1990">Exposition horticole de 1990</a>. <a href="/wiki/Suita" title="Suita">Suita</a>, dans sa préfecture, a été le siège de l'<a href="/wiki/Exposition_universelle_de_1970" title="Exposition universelle de 1970">Exposition universelle de 1970</a>. </p><p>Osaka présentera l'<a href="/wiki/Exposition_universelle_de_2025" title="Exposition universelle de 2025">Exposition universelle en 2025</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Population" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Population"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En 2000, la population d'Osaka le jour représentait 141 % de sa population la nuit, les travailleurs rentrant le soir chez eux, dans les autres villes de la <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fecture_d%27Osaka" title="Préfecture d'Osaka">préfecture</a>. Ce rapport de proportion s'élevait à 947,3 % dans l'arrondissement <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku_(Osaka)" title="Chūō-ku (Osaka)">Chūō</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg/220px-Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg/330px-Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg/440px-Osaka_in_Osaka_Prefecture_Ja.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption>La ville d'Osaka au sein de la préfecture d'Osaka.</figcaption></figure> <p>En 2016, 140 000 habitants d'Osaka reçoivent une aide sociale<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Géographie"><span id="G.C3.A9ographie"></span>Géographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Géographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Géographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Osaka est située sur l'île de <a href="/wiki/Honsh%C5%AB" title="Honshū">Honshū</a> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">本州 / 本土</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, au bord de la <a href="/wiki/Mer_int%C3%A9rieure_de_Seto" title="Mer intérieure de Seto">mer intérieure de Seto</a>, dans la <a href="/wiki/Baie_d%27Osaka" title="Baie d'Osaka">baie d'Osaka</a>. Elle est traversée par plusieurs rivières dont la principale est la <i><a href="/wiki/Yodo-gawa" title="Yodo-gawa">Yodo-gawa</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrondissements">Arrondissements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Arrondissements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Arrondissements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_d%27Osaka" title="Arrondissements d'Osaka">Arrondissements d'Osaka</a>.</div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_Wards.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Osaka_Wards.png/220px-Osaka_Wards.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Osaka_Wards.png/330px-Osaka_Wards.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Osaka_Wards.png/440px-Osaka_Wards.png 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption>Carte des arrondissements de la ville d'Osaka.</figcaption></figure> <p>Osaka est subdivisée en 24 arrondissements (<i>ku</i>) : </p> <div style="column-width:16em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abeno-ku" title="Abeno-ku">Abeno-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahi-ku_(Osaka)" title="Asahi-ku (Osaka)">Asahi-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku_(Osaka)" title="Chūō-ku (Osaka)">Chūō-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima-ku" title="Fukushima-ku">Fukushima-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashinari-ku" title="Higashinari-ku">Higashinari-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashisumiyoshi-ku" title="Higashisumiyoshi-ku">Higashisumiyoshi-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashiyodogawa-ku" title="Higashiyodogawa-ku">Higashiyodogawa-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirano-ku" title="Hirano-ku">Hirano-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikuno-ku" title="Ikuno-ku">Ikuno-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dt%C5%8D-ku" title="Jōtō-ku">Jōtō-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku_(Osaka)" title="Kita-ku (Osaka)">Kita-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konohana-ku" title="Konohana-ku">Konohana-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minato-ku_(Osaka)" title="Minato-ku (Osaka)">Minato-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyakojima-ku" title="Miyakojima-ku">Miyakojima-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naniwa-ku" title="Naniwa-ku">Naniwa-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku_(Osaka)" title="Nishi-ku (Osaka)">Nishi-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishinari-ku" title="Nishinari-ku">Nishinari-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishiyodogawa-ku" title="Nishiyodogawa-ku">Nishiyodogawa-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suminoe-ku" title="Suminoe-ku">Suminoe-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumiyoshi-ku" title="Sumiyoshi-ku">Sumiyoshi-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D-ku" title="Taishō-ku">Taishō-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenn%C5%8Dji-ku" title="Tennōji-ku">Tennōji-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsurumi-ku,_Osaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsurumi-ku, Osaka">Tsurumi-ku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yodogawa-ku" title="Yodogawa-ku">Yodogawa-ku</a></li></ul> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg/770px-Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="770" height="470" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg/1155px-Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg/1540px-Osaka_Umeda_Sky_Building_Panoramablick_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4554" data-file-height="2778" /></a><figcaption>Vue du centre-ville à partir de l'<a href="/wiki/Umeda_Sky_Building" title="Umeda Sky Building">Umeda Sky Building</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climat">Climat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Climat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Climat"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-modere"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><figure class="mw-halign-center noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/25px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/38px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg/50px-2017-fr.wp-orange-source.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><b>Cette section <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources">ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources</a></b><small> (octobre 2022)</small>. <div class="mw-collapsible-content">Pour l'améliorer, ajoutez <a href="/wiki/Aide:Identifier_des_sources_fiables" title="Aide:Identifier des sources fiables">des références de qualité et vérifiables</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">comment faire ?</a>) ou le modèle <a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Modèle:Référence nécessaire">{{Référence nécessaire}}</a> sur les passages nécessitant une source.</div></div> </div></div> <p>Le climat à Osaka est <a href="/wiki/Climat_subtropical_humide" title="Climat subtropical humide">subtropical humide</a> (<a href="/wiki/Classification_de_K%C3%B6ppen" title="Classification de Köppen">Köppen</a>: Cfa) selon la classification de Köppen. </p><p>Les précipitations sont abondantes et bien réparties tout au long de l'année, avec un léger creux pluviométrique en janvier. </p><p>L'humidité accentue la chaleur des étés, déjà très chauds avec des températures minimales moyennes qui ne descendent pas en dessous de <span title="77 °F ou 298,2 K">25 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> en plein mois d'août, même au milieu de la nuit. </p><p>Pour autant, le climat à Osaka n'est pas pleinement tropical car les hivers sont plutôt frais, secs et généralement sans gel, ce qui rend ces périodes agréables. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable centre" style="text-align:center; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);"> <caption>Normales et records pour la période 1991-2020 à Osaka</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col" style="background-color:#DFD" class="unsortable">Mois</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="janvier">jan.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="février">fév.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">mars</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">avril</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">mai</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">juin</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="juillet">jui.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">août</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="septembre">sep.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="octobre">oct.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="novembre">nov.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD"><abbr title="décembre">déc.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color:#DFD">année</th> </tr><tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Température minimale moyenne (<a href="/wiki/Degr%C3%A9_Celsius" title="Degré Celsius">°C</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">20,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">24,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">21,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">5,3</td> <td><b>13,6</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Température moyenne (°C)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">9,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">15,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">20,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">27,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">29</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">8,7</td> <td><b>17,1</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Température maximale moyenne (°C)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">9,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">14,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">24,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">28</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">31,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">33,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">29,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">17,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">12,3</td> <td><b>21,3</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Record de froid (°C)<br /><small>date du record</small></th> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−7,5<br /><small>1945</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−6,5<br /><small>1895</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−5,2<br /><small>1936</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−2,6<br /><small>1884</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3,5<br /><small>1935</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">8,9<br /><small>1891</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">14,8<br /><small>1913</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,6<br /><small>1884</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,4<br /><small>1883</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3<br /><small>1884</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−2,2<br /><small>1947</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−4,5<br /><small>1947</small></td> <td><b>−7,5</b><br /><small>1945</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Record de chaleur (°C)<br /><small>date du record</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,1<br /><small>2020</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">23,7<br /><small>1954</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">24,2<br /><small>2010</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">30,7<br /><small>2005</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">32,7<br /><small>1998</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">36,1<br /><small>2013</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">38<br /><small>2018</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">39,1<br /><small>1994</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">36,2<br /><small>2010</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">33,1<br /><small>2019</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">27,2<br /><small>1977</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">24,5<br /><small>2018</small></td> <td><b>39,1</b><br /><small>1994</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Ensoleillement (<a href="/wiki/Heure" title="Heure">h</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">146,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">140,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">172,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">192,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">203,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">154,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">184</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">222,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">161,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">166,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">152,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">152,1</td> <td><b>2 048,6</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Précipitations (<a href="/wiki/Millim%C3%A8tre" title="Millimètre">mm</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">47</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">60,5</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">103,1</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">101,9</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">136,5</td> <td style="background-color:#8CA0FF">185,1</td> <td style="background-color:#8CA0FF">174,4</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">113</td> <td style="background-color:#8CA0FF">152,8</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">136</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">72,5</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">55,5</td> <td><b>1 338,3</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;adding-left:10px;"><small>dont neige (<a href="/wiki/Centim%C3%A8tre" title="Centimètre">cm</a>)</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0</td> <td><b>1</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Nombre de jours avec précipitations</th> <td>5,6</td> <td>6,3</td> <td>9,1</td> <td>9,2</td> <td>9,5</td> <td>11,3</td> <td>10</td> <td>7,2</td> <td>9,5</td> <td>8,3</td> <td>6,2</td> <td>6,1</td> <td><b>98,2</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;"><small>dont nombre de jours avec précipitations ≥ 10 mm</small></th> <td>1,5</td> <td>2,2</td> <td>3,9</td> <td>3,6</td> <td>4,2</td> <td>5,6</td> <td>5,2</td> <td>3,2</td> <td>4,6</td> <td>3,9</td> <td>2,5</td> <td>1,9</td> <td><b>42,3</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Humidité relative (%)</th> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">61</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">60</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">59</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">58</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">61</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">68</td> <td style="background-color:#8CA0FF">70</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">66</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">67</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">65</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">64</td> <td style="background-color:#B4C8FF">62</td> <td><b>63</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background-color:#DFD; text-align:left;">Nombre de jours avec neige</th> <td>0</td> <td>0,3</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td><b>0,4</b></td> </tr> </tbody></table><div style="margin-top: -1em; text-align:center; font-size:85%">Source : <a href="/wiki/Agence_m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique_du_Japon" title="Agence météorologique du Japon">Agence météorologique du Japon</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</div> <table style="text-align:center; margin: 1em auto; border:solid 1px silver; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Diagramme_climatique" title="Diagramme climatique">Diagramme climatique</a> </td></tr> <tr><td><abbr title="janvier">J</abbr></td><td><abbr title="février">F</abbr></td><td><abbr title="mars">M</abbr></td><td><abbr title="avril">A</abbr></td><td><abbr title="mai">M</abbr></td><td><abbr title="juin">J</abbr></td><td><abbr title="juillet">J</abbr></td><td><abbr title="août">A</abbr></td><td><abbr title="septembre">S</abbr></td><td><abbr title="octobre">O</abbr></td><td><abbr title="novembre">N</abbr></td><td><abbr title="décembre">D</abbr></td></tr><tr><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.94em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.6em;left:.4em;height:1.34em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.69em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>9,7</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.1em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>47</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.21em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.64em;left:.4em;height:1.46em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.85em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>10,5</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.14em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>3,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>60,5</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:2.062em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.2em;left:.4em;height:1.64em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.59em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>14,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.7em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>6</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>103,1</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:2.038em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.18em;left:.4em;height:1.8em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.73em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>19,9</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.68em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>10,9</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>101,9</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:2.73em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.2em;left:.4em;height:1.78em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.73em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>24,9</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.7em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>16</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>136,5</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:3.702em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.06em;left:.4em;height:1.54em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.35em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>28</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.56em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>20,3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>185,1</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:3.488em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.92em;left:.4em;height:1.44em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:14.11em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>31,8</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.42em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>24,6</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>174,4</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:2.26em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.16em;left:.4em;height:1.58em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:14.49em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>33,7</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.66em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>25,8</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>113</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:3.056em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.38em;left:.4em;height:1.52em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.65em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>29,5</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.88em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>21,9</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>152,8</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:2.72em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.2em;left:.4em;height:1.54em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.49em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>23,7</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.7em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>16</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>136</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.45em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.04em;left:.4em;height:1.52em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.31em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>17,8</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.54em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>10,2</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>72,5</small></div></div></td><td><div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.11em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.06em;left:.4em;height:1.4em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent"> </div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.21em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"><small>12,3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.56em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"><small>5,3</small></div><div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"><small>55,5</small></div></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="text-align:left;">Moyennes : <abbr title="Températures">• Temp.</abbr> <span style="color:red">maxi</span> et <span style="color:blue">mini</span> <abbr title="Degrés Celsius">°C</abbr> <span style="color:#6478FF">• Précipitation</span> <abbr title="Millimètres">mm</abbr></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transports">Transports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Transports" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Transports"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aéroports"><span id="A.C3.A9roports"></span>Aéroports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Aéroports" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Aéroports"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'<a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_international_d%27Osaka" title="Aéroport international d'Osaka">aéroport international d'Osaka</a> (aéroport d'<a href="/wiki/Itami" title="Itami">Itami</a>) pour les vols intérieurs ou moyens courriers, et l'<a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_international_du_Kansai" title="Aéroport international du Kansai">aéroport international du Kansai</a> (<i>KIX</i>) sont à proximité de la ville. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trains">Trains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Trains" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Trains"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La ville est desservie par : </p> <ul><li>le train à grande vitesse <a href="/wiki/Shinkansen" title="Shinkansen">Shinkansen</a> à la <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Shin-Osaka" title="Gare de Shin-Osaka">gare de Shin-Osaka</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ligne_Shinkansen_Sany%C5%8D" title="Ligne Shinkansen Sanyō">ligne Shinkansen Sanyō</a> (opérée par <a href="/wiki/West_Japan_Railway_Company" title="West Japan Railway Company">JR West</a>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligne_Shinkansen_T%C5%8Dkaid%C5%8D" title="Ligne Shinkansen Tōkaidō">ligne Shinkansen Tōkaidō</a> (opérée par <a href="/wiki/Central_Japan_Railway_Company" title="Central Japan Railway Company">JR Central</a>) ;</li></ul></li> <li>plusieurs lignes de la compagnie <a href="/wiki/West_Japan_Railway_Company" title="West Japan Railway Company">JR West</a>, notamment la <a href="/wiki/Ligne_circulaire_d%27Osaka" title="Ligne circulaire d'Osaka">ligne circulaire d'Osaka</a> ;</li> <li>plusieurs lignes de compagnies privées : <a href="/wiki/Hankyu_Corporation" title="Hankyu Corporation">Hankyu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Electric_Railway" title="Hanshin Electric Railway">Hanshin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keihan_Electric_Railway" title="Keihan Electric Railway">Keihan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kintetsu_Corporation" title="Kintetsu Corporation">Kintetsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nankai_Electric_Railway" title="Nankai Electric Railway">Nankai</a>.</li></ul> <p>Un <a href="/wiki/Monorail_d%27Osaka" title="Monorail d'Osaka">monorail</a> circule au nord de la ville. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport_maritime">Transport maritime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Transport maritime" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Transport maritime"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:FerryKirishima.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/FerryKirishima.jpg/220px-FerryKirishima.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/FerryKirishima.jpg/330px-FerryKirishima.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/FerryKirishima.jpg/440px-FerryKirishima.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1538" /></a><figcaption>Navire de la compagnie <a href="/wiki/Ferry_Sunflower" title="Ferry Sunflower">Ferry Sunflower</a> assurant les liaisons avec l'île de <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" title="Kyūshū">Kyūshū</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Osaka est reliée de manière quotidienne aux îles de <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" title="Kyūshū">Kyūshū</a> et <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a> par des liaisons régulières en <a href="/wiki/Ferry_(bateau)" title="Ferry (bateau)">car-ferry</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Métro"><span id="M.C3.A9tro"></span>Métro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Métro" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Métro"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_d%27Osaka" title="Métro d'Osaka">métro d'Osaka</a>, avec 9 lignes, inauguré en 1933, compte 129,9 kilomètres de voies. Depuis le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-04-01" data-sort-value="2018-04-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> avril 2018</time>, l'ensemble de l'activité a été transféré à la compagnie privée <i>Osaka Metro</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tramway">Tramway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Tramway" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Tramway"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La compagnie <a href="/wiki/Hankai_Tramway" title="Hankai Tramway">Hankai Tramway</a> opère <a href="/wiki/Tramway_d%27Osaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Tramway d'Osaka">deux lignes de tramway</a> au sud d'Osaka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus">Bus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : Bus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bus"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jusqu'au <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-03-31" data-sort-value="2018-03-31">31 mars 2018</time>, la ville disposait de bus municipaux. À partir du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-04-01" data-sort-value="2018-04-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> avril 2018</time>, l'ensemble de l'activité a été transféré à la compagnie privée Osaka City Bus <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">大阪シティバス</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">Ōsaka shiti basu</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>. D'autres compagnies privées circulent à l'intérieur de la ville : Hankyu Bus, Hanshin Bus, Keihan Bus, Kintetsu Bus, Nankai Bus et Hokkoh Kanko Bus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourisme">Tourisme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifier la section : Tourisme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Tourisme"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Quelques sites intéressants ou célèbres : </p> <ul><li>le <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Osaka" title="Château d'Osaka">château d'Osaka</a> et à proximité la salle de spectacle <a href="/wiki/Osaka-j%C5%8D_Hall" title="Osaka-jō Hall">Osaka-jō Hall</a>.</li> <li>l'<a href="/wiki/Aquarium_Kaiyukan" title="Aquarium Kaiyukan">aquarium Kaiyukan</a> (un des plus grands du monde).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Studios_Japan" title="Universal Studios Japan">Universal Studios Japan</a>.</li> <li>la tour <a href="/wiki/Ts%C5%ABtenkaku" title="Tsūtenkaku">Tsūtenkaku</a> et le quartier de <a href="/wiki/Shinsekai" title="Shinsekai">ShinSekai</a>.</li> <li>les théâtres de <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a> et de <i><a href="/wiki/Bunraku" title="Bunraku">bunraku</a>.</i></li> <li>les quartiers de Minami, Kita, <a href="/wiki/Umeda" title="Umeda">Umeda</a> et <a href="/wiki/Tenn%C5%8Dji-ku" title="Tennōji-ku">Tennōji-ku</a> <ul><li>l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Amerikamura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amerikamura (page inexistante)">American Village</a> (« Amerika-mura » ou « Ame-mura »)</li></ul></li> <li>la rue <a href="/wiki/D%C5%8Dtonbori" title="Dōtonbori">Dōtonbori</a> <ul><li>l'affiche lumineuse <a href="/wiki/Ezaki_Glico" title="Ezaki Glico">Glico</a>: célèbre publicité qui représente un athlète les bras levés en signe de victoire</li></ul></li> <li>le temple <a href="/wiki/Shi_Tenn%C5%8D-ji" title="Shi Tennō-ji">Shi Tennō-ji</a> (construit en 593)</li> <li>le sanctuaire <a href="/wiki/Sumiyoshi-taisha" title="Sumiyoshi-taisha">Sumiyoshi-taisha</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_et_Enseignements">Culture et Enseignements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifier la section : Culture et Enseignements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Culture et Enseignements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_universelle_de_1970" title="Exposition universelle de 1970">Expo '70</a> est le nom de l'<a href="/wiki/Exposition_universelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Exposition universelle">Exposition universelle</a> qui a eu lieu à <a href="/wiki/Suita" title="Suita">Suita</a> (banlieue d'Osaka).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansai-ben" title="Kansai-ben">Kansai-ben</a>.</li> <li>Osaka est connue pour être « la cuisine de la nation » <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">天下の台所</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">tenka no daidokoro</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_r%C3%A9gionale_d%27Osaka" title="Cuisine régionale d'Osaka">cuisine régionale d'Osaka</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>La forme de <a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">rakugo</a> créée par <a href="/wiki/Shikano_Buzaemon" title="Shikano Buzaemon">Shikano Buzaemon</a> (1649 - 1699), une des trois principales avec celles de <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> et, plus récemment, de <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, qui a évolué plus tard en <a href="/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai">manzai</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musées"><span id="Mus.C3.A9es"></span>Musées</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifier la section : Musées" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=15" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Musées"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27art_(Osaka)" title="Musée national d'art (Osaka)">Musée national d'Art</a> (NMAO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27histoire_d%27Osaka" title="Musée de l'histoire d'Osaka">Musée de l'histoire d'Osaka</a>, ouvert en 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_sciences_d%27Osaka" title="Musée des sciences d'Osaka">Musée des sciences d'Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoo_de_Tennoji" title="Zoo de Tennoji">Zoo de Tennoji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9e_Kamigata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musée Kamigata (page inexistante)">Musée Kamigata</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">Ukiyo-e</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifier la section : Sport" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=16" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Sport"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg/220px-Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg/330px-Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg/440px-Kyocera_Dome_Osaka1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>Le <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Dome" title="Osaka Dome">Kyocera Dome Osaka</a>, stade dans lequel évoluent les clubs des <a href="/wiki/Orix_Buffaloes" title="Orix Buffaloes">Orix Buffaloes</a> et <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Tigers" title="Hanshin Tigers">Hanshin Tigers</a>.</figcaption></figure><p> Osaka abrite trois clubs sportifs professionnels de renommée nationale. L'un d'eux est le <a href="/wiki/Orix_Buffaloes" title="Orix Buffaloes">Orix Buffaloes</a> : une équipe japonaise de <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> qui évolue au <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Dome" title="Osaka Dome">Kyocera Dome Osaka</a> pour ses matchs à domicile. La ville possède un autre club de <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a>, les <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Tigers" title="Hanshin Tigers">Hanshin Tigers</a>, qui joue une partie de ses matchs à domicile au <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Dome" title="Osaka Dome">Kyocera Dome Osaka</a> et l'autre au <a href="/wiki/Koshien_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Koshien Stadium">Koshien Stadium</a>. </p><p>Osaka compte également un club de <a href="/wiki/Football" title="Football">football</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Cerezo_Osaka" title="Cerezo Osaka">Cerezo Osaka</a> évoluant au <a href="/wiki/Nagai_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagai Stadium">Nagai Stadium</a>, ainsi qu'un club de <a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">futsal</a> le club de <a href="/wiki/Shriker_Osaka" title="Shriker Osaka">Shriker Osaka</a> qui évolue en première division pour la saison 2015-2016<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Le <a href="/wiki/Basket-ball" title="Basket-ball">basket-ball</a> est représenté par le club de <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Evessa" title="Osaka Evessa">Osaka Evessa</a> fondé en 2004. On y trouve aussi du <a href="/wiki/Rugby_%C3%A0_XV" title="Rugby à XV">rugby à XV</a>: les <a href="/wiki/NTT_Docomo_Red_Hurricanes" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT Docomo Red Hurricanes">NTT Docomo Red Hurricanes</a> évoluent en <a href="/wiki/Championnat_du_Japon_de_rugby_%C3%A0_XV" title="Championnat du Japon de rugby à XV">première division</a>. </p><p>La ville accueille en outre régulièrement différents événements sportifs. L'un des six tournois de <a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">sumo</a> professionnel a lieu chaque année au <a href="/wiki/Gymnase_pr%C3%A9fectoral_d%27Osaka" title="Gymnase préfectoral d'Osaka">gymnase préfectoral d'Osaka</a>. Le <a href="/wiki/Marathon_d%27Osaka" title="Marathon d'Osaka">Marathon international féminin d'Osaka</a> se déroule quant à lui tous les ans en janvier. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Manifestations_sportives_internationales">Manifestations sportives internationales</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifier la section : Manifestations sportives internationales" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=17" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Manifestations sportives internationales"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Championnats_du_monde_d%27athl%C3%A9tisme_2007" title="Championnats du monde d'athlétisme 2007">Championnats du monde d'athlétisme 2007</a>, « Osaka 2007 ».</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathon_d%27Osaka" title="Marathon d'Osaka">Marathon international féminin d'Osaka</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enseignement_supérieur"><span id="Enseignement_sup.C3.A9rieur"></span>Enseignement supérieur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modifier la section : Enseignement supérieur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=18" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Enseignement supérieur"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27Osaka" title="Université d'Osaka">Université d'Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27%C3%A9ducation_d%27Osaka" title="Université d'éducation d'Osaka">Université d'éducation d'Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Kansai" title="Université du Kansai">Université du Kansai</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliothèques"><span id="Biblioth.C3.A8ques"></span>Bibliothèques</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modifier la section : Bibliothèques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=19" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliothèques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bibliothèque préfectorale de <a href="/wiki/Nakano-shima_(Osaka)" title="Nakano-shima (Osaka)">Nakano-shima</a></li> <li>Bibliothèque centrale d'Osaka</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Économie"><span id=".C3.89conomie"></span>Économie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modifier la section : Économie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=20" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Économie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a> dans la région du <i><a href="/wiki/Keihanshin" title="Keihanshin">Keihanshin</a></i> (Osaka, <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> et <a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a>) est de 240 <abbr class="abbr" title="milliards d'euros">milliards d'<a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euros</a></abbr>, ce qui en fait une des zones les plus productives du monde. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principales_entreprises_d'Osaka"><span id="Principales_entreprises_d.27Osaka"></span>Principales entreprises d'Osaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modifier la section : Principales entreprises d'Osaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=21" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Principales entreprises d'Osaka"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="column-width:16em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capcom" title="Capcom">Capcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimaru" title="Daimaru">Daimaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daikin" title="Daikin">Daikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezaki_Glico" title="Ezaki Glico">Ezaki Glico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIZA_studio" title="GIZA studio">GIZA studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hankyu_Corporation" title="Hankyu Corporation">Hankyu Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Electric_Railway" title="Hanshin Electric Railway">Hanshin Electric Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itochu" title="Itochu">Itochu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kintetsu_Corporation" title="Kintetsu Corporation">Kintetsu Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurabo_Industries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurabo Industries (page inexistante)">Kurabo Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansai_Electric_Power_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansai Electric Power Company">Kansai Electric Power Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyence" title="Keyence">Keyence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marubeni" title="Marubeni">Marubeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizuno" title="Mizuno">Mizuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nankai_Electric_Railway" title="Nankai Electric Railway">Nankai Electric Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Ham" title="Nippon Ham">Nippon Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Life_Insurance_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Life Insurance Company">Nippon Life Insurance Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissin_Foods" title="Nissin Foods">Nissin Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NOVA_(eikaiwa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NOVA (eikaiwa) (page inexistante)">Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olfa" title="Olfa">Olfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Gas" title="Osaka Gas">Osaka Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic (Matsushita)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pias_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pias Corporation (page inexistante)">Pias Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resona_Holdings,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resona Holdings, Inc. (page inexistante)">Resona Holdings, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Roland Corporation">Roland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumitomo" title="Sumitomo">Sumitomo Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suntory" title="Suntory">Suntory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takashimaya" title="Takashimaya">Takashimaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Takeda_Chemical_Industries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takeda Chemical Industries (page inexistante)">Takeda Chemical Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toyobo_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toyobo Corporation (page inexistante)">Toyobo Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyo_Tire_%26_Rubber_Company" title="Toyo Tire & Rubber Company">Toyo Tire & Rubber Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Japan_Railway_Company" title="West Japan Railway Company">West Japan Railway Company</a> (JR West)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanmar" title="Yanmar">Yanmar</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnes_célèbres"><span id="Personnes_c.C3.A9l.C3.A8bres"></span>Personnes célèbres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modifier la section : Personnes célèbres" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=22" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personnes célèbres"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personnes_célèbres_nées_à_Osaka"><span id="Personnes_c.C3.A9l.C3.A8bres_n.C3.A9es_.C3.A0_Osaka"></span>Personnes célèbres nées à Osaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modifier la section : Personnes célèbres nées à Osaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=23" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personnes célèbres nées à Osaka"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jir%C5%8D_Yoshihara" title="Jirō Yoshihara">Jirō Yoshihara</a> (1905), membre fondateur du mouvement avant-gardiste japonais <a href="/wiki/Guta%C3%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Gutaï">Gutaï</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenz%C5%8D_Tange" title="Kenzō Tange">Kenzō Tange</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1913-09-04" data-sort-value="1913-09-04">4 septembre 1913</time>), architecte.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabur%C5%8D_Murakami" title="Saburō Murakami">Saburō Murakami</a> (1925), membre fondateur du mouvement avant-gardiste japonais <a href="/wiki/Guta%C3%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Gutaï">Gutaï</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atsuko_Tanaka_(artiste)" title="Atsuko Tanaka (artiste)">Atsuko Tanaka</a> (1932), artiste contemporaine.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobuyoshi_Tamura" title="Nobuyoshi Tamura">Nobuyoshi Tamura</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1933-03-02" data-sort-value="1933-03-02">2 mars 1933</time>), directeur technique national (<a href="/wiki/Directeur_technique_national" title="Directeur technique national">DTN</a>) de la <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_fran%C3%A7aise_d%27a%C3%AFkido_et_de_budo" title="Fédération française d'aïkido et de budo">FFAB</a> (Fédération Française d'<a href="/wiki/A%C3%AFkido" title="Aïkido">Aikido</a> et de Budo).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsumi_Kudo" title="Tetsumi Kudo">Tetsumi Kudo</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1935-02-23" data-sort-value="1935-02-23">23 février 1935</time>), inventeur d'un néo-dadaïsme et d'une nouvelle écologie.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Myung-bak" title="Lee Myung-bak">Lee Myung-bak</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1941-12-19" data-sort-value="1941-12-19">19 décembre 1941</time>), <abbr class="abbr" title="Dixième">10<sup>e</sup></abbr> président de la <b><a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadao_And%C5%8D" title="Tadao Andō">Tadao Andō</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1941-09-13" data-sort-value="1941-09-13">13 septembre 1941</time>), architecte.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasumasa_Morimura" title="Yasumasa Morimura">Yasumasa Morimura</a> (1951), artiste contemporain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dji_Gushiken" title="Kōji Gushiken">Kōji Gushiken</a> (1956-), double champion olympique de gymnastique.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takashi_Miike" title="Takashi Miike">Takashi Miike</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1960-08-24" data-sort-value="1960-08-24">24 août 1960</time>), réalisateur.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getsu_Gen" title="Getsu Gen">Getsu Gen</a> (1965), écrivain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryuhei_Kitamura" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryuhei Kitamura">Ryuhei Kitamura</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1969-05-30" data-sort-value="1969-05-30">30 mai 1969</time>), réalisateur, producteur et scénariste.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiaki_Toyoda" title="Toshiaki Toyoda">Toshiaki Toyoda</a> (1969), réalisateur et scénariste.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasuhiko_Tsuchida" title="Yasuhiko Tsuchida">Yasuhiko Tsuchida</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1969-07-30" data-sort-value="1969-07-30">30 juillet 1969</time>), artisan verrier japonais.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsuya_Ogawa" title="Tetsuya Ogawa">Tetsu</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1969-10-03" data-sort-value="1969-10-03">3 octobre 1969</time>), bassiste et leader du groupe <a href="/wiki/L%27Arc-en-Ciel" title="L'Arc-en-Ciel">L'Arc-en-Ciel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%AB_Watase" title="Yū Watase">Yū Watase</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1970-03-05" data-sort-value="1970-03-05">5 mars 1970</time>), dessinatrice de <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken%E2%80%99ichi_Suzumura" class="mw-redirect" title="Ken’ichi Suzumura">Ken’ichi Suzumura</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1974-09-12" data-sort-value="1974-09-12">12 septembre 1974</time>), doubleur (<a href="/wiki/Seiyuu" class="mw-redirect" title="Seiyuu">seiyuu</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reiko_Chiba" title="Reiko Chiba">Reiko Chiba</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1975-01-08" data-sort-value="1975-01-08">8 janvier 1975</time>), actrice.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinya_Terashi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinya Terashi">Shinya</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-02-24" data-sort-value="1978-02-24">24 février 1978</time>), batteur du groupe de <a href="/wiki/Visual_kei" title="Visual kei">visual kei</a> Japonais <a href="/wiki/Dir_en_grey" class="mw-redirect" title="Dir en grey">Dir en grey</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koike_Teppei" class="mw-redirect" title="Koike Teppei">Koike Teppei</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1986-01-05" data-sort-value="1986-01-05">5 janvier 1986</time>), chanteur dans le duo WaT, acteur.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikaru_Nakamura" title="Hikaru Nakamura">Hikaru Nakamura</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1987-12-09" data-sort-value="1987-12-09">9 décembre 1987</time>), joueur d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89checs" title="Échecs">échecs</a> américain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ai_%C5%8Ctsuka" title="Ai Ōtsuka">Ai Ōtsuka</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1982-09-09" data-sort-value="1982-09-09">9 septembre 1982</time>), chanteuse</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryo_Nishikido" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryo Nishikido">Ryo Nishikido</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1984-11-03" data-sort-value="1984-11-03">3 novembre 1984</time>), acteur, chanteur des groupes <a href="/wiki/NEWS" title="NEWS">NEWS</a> et <a href="/wiki/Kanjani8" title="Kanjani8">Kanjani8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kato_Shigeaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Kato Shigeaki">Kato Shigeaki</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1987-07-11" data-sort-value="1987-07-11">11 juillet 1987</time>), acteur, chanteur du groupe <a href="/wiki/NEWS" title="NEWS">NEWS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsuda_Satoshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matsuda Satoshi (page inexistante)">Matsuda Satoshi</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-12-16" data-sort-value="1978-12-16">16 décembre 1978</time>), acteur, chanteur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shota_Horie" title="Shota Horie">Shota Horie</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1986-01-21" data-sort-value="1986-01-21">21 janvier 1986</time>), talonneur de <a href="/wiki/Rugby_%C3%A0_XV" title="Rugby à XV">rugby à XV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masashi_Oguro" title="Masashi Oguro">Masashi Oguro</a>, né le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1980-05-04" data-sort-value="1980-05-04">4 mai 1980</time> - Footballeur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hironobu_Kageyama" title="Hironobu Kageyama">Hironobu Kageyama</a> (18 février 1961), chanteur japonais spécialisé dans les génériques de dessins animés</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayaka_Yamamoto_(NMB48)" title="Sayaka Yamamoto (NMB48)">Sayaka Yamamoto</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-07-14" data-sort-value="1993-07-14">14 juillet 1993</time>), chanteuse et <a href="/wiki/Idole_japonaise" title="Idole japonaise">idole japonaise</a>, membre des groupes d'idoles <a href="/wiki/NMB48" title="NMB48">NMB48</a> et son groupe sœur <a href="/wiki/AKB48" title="AKB48">AKB48</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossfaith" title="Crossfaith">Crossfaith</a> (depuis 2006) groupe de <a href="/wiki/Metalcore" title="Metalcore">Metalcore</a> japonais</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sana_(chanteuse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana (chanteuse)">Sana (chanteuse)</a> ( <time class="nowrap" datetime="1996-12-29" data-sort-value="1996-12-29">29 décembre 1996</time>), membre du groupe Coréen <a href="/wiki/Twice_(groupe)" title="Twice (groupe)">Twice (groupe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Osaka" title="Naomi Osaka">Naomi Osaka</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1997-10-16" data-sort-value="1997-10-16">16 octobre 1997</time>), joueuse de tennis professionnelle, vainqueur de plusieurs Grands Chelems.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Nanri" title="Fumio Nanri">Fumio Nanri</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1910-12-24" data-sort-value="1910-12-24">24 décembre 1910</time>), trompettiste de jazz.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personnes_célèbres_décédées_à_Osaka"><span id="Personnes_c.C3.A9l.C3.A8bres_d.C3.A9c.C3.A9d.C3.A9es_.C3.A0_Osaka"></span>Personnes célèbres décédées à Osaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modifier la section : Personnes célèbres décédées à Osaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=24" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personnes célèbres décédées à Osaka"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ihara_Saikaku" title="Ihara Saikaku">Saikaku Ihara</a> (1642-1693), poète de haïku, écrivain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bash%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashō">Bashō Matsuo</a> (1644-1694), poète de haïku.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie_de_photos">Galerie de photos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modifier la section : Galerie de photos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=25" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Galerie de photos"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Le château d'Osaka vu des jardins Nishinomaru."><img alt="Le château d'Osaka vu des jardins Nishinomaru." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG/120px-Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG/180px-Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG/240px-Osaka_Castle_Nishinomaru_Garden_April_2005.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Le <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Osaka" title="Château d'Osaka">château d'Osaka</a> vu des jardins Nishinomaru.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Osaka Business Park."><img alt="Osaka Business Park." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg/80px-OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg/120px-OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg/160px-OBP_Osaka01s4s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2133" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Osaka Business Park.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Le Musée Maritime, œuvre de Paul Andreu."><img alt="Le Musée Maritime, œuvre de Paul Andreu." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg/120px-Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg/180px-Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg/240px-Osaka_maritime_museum01s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3658" data-file-height="2439" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Le Musée Maritime, œuvre de <a href="/wiki/Paul_Andreu" title="Paul Andreu">Paul Andreu</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Umeda Sky Building."><img alt="Umeda Sky Building." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg/81px-2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg/121px-2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg/162px-2018_Umeda_Sky_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1684" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Umeda_Sky_Building" title="Umeda Sky Building">Umeda Sky Building</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tour Tsūtenkaku."><img alt="Tour Tsūtenkaku." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg/90px-Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg/135px-Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg/180px-Tsutenkaku-Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tour <a href="/wiki/Ts%C5%ABtenkaku" title="Tsūtenkaku">Tsūtenkaku</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Rue commerciale Dōtonbori."><img alt="Rue commerciale Dōtonbori." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG/120px-Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG/180px-Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG/240px-Dotonbori_in_201504_003.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rue commerciale <a href="/wiki/D%C5%8Dtonbori" title="Dōtonbori">Dōtonbori</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Shitennoji03s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Temple Shitennō-ji."><img alt="Temple Shitennō-ji." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Shitennoji03s3200.jpg/120px-Shitennoji03s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Shitennoji03s3200.jpg/180px-Shitennoji03s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Shitennoji03s3200.jpg/240px-Shitennoji03s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3510" data-file-height="2340" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shi_Tenn%C5%8D-ji" title="Shi Tennō-ji">Temple Shitennō-ji</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_(drum_bridge)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sumiyoshi-taisha."><img alt="Sumiyoshi-taisha." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_%28drum_bridge%29_1.jpg/120px-Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_%28drum_bridge%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_%28drum_bridge%29_1.jpg/180px-Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_%28drum_bridge%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_%28drum_bridge%29_1.jpg/240px-Sumiyoshi_Taisha_Taikobashi_%28drum_bridge%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4897" data-file-height="3115" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sumiyoshi-taisha" title="Sumiyoshi-taisha">Sumiyoshi-taisha</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="L'île Nakano-shima avec, à l'arrière plan, Umeda."><img alt="L'île Nakano-shima avec, à l'arrière plan, Umeda." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg/120px-Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg/180px-Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg/240px-Skyline_in_Osaka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2450" data-file-height="1320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">L'île <a href="/wiki/Nakano-shima_(Osaka)" title="Nakano-shima (Osaka)">Nakano-shima</a> avec, à l'arrière plan, <a href="/wiki/Umeda" title="Umeda">Umeda</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jumelages">Jumelages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Modifier la section : Jumelages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=26" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Jumelages"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En 2016, la ville d'Osaka est officiellement jumelée avec huit grandes villes d'envergure internationale<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> : </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#811541"><span style="color:white;">Date</span> </th> <th style="background:#811541">  </th> <th style="background:#811541"><span style="color:white;">Ville sœur</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1957-2018 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des États-Unis"><img alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Brazil.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Brésil"><img alt="Drapeau du Brésil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A9sil" title="Brésil">Brésil</a><sup id="cite_ref-São_Paulo_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-São_Paulo-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-São_Paulo2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-São_Paulo2-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des États-Unis"><img alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"><img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chine" title="Chine">Chine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Australie"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Australie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australie" title="Australie">Australie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Russie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint-P%C3%A9tersbourg" title="Saint-Pétersbourg">Saint-Pétersbourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a><sup id="cite_ref-Saint_Petersburg_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saint_Petersburg-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Italie"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italie" title="Italie">Italie</a><sup id="cite_ref-Milan_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milan-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Allemagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Allemagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hambourg" title="Hambourg">Hambourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allemagne" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#811541"><span style="color:white;">Date</span> </th> <th style="background:#811541">  </th> <th style="background:#811541"><span style="color:white;">Amitié et Coopération<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Argentina.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Argentine"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Argentine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentine" title="Argentine">Argentine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Hongrie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Hongrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hongrie" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a><sup id="cite_ref-Budapest_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Budapest-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td style="background:#ffffcf;"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud"><img alt="Drapeau de la Corée du Sud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/20px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/30px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pusan" title="Pusan">Pusan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A9e_du_Sud" title="Corée du Sud">Corée du Sud</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-09" data-sort-value="2017-09">septembre 2017</time>, la municipalité américaine de <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> fait installer, dans un parc du <a href="/wiki/Chinatown_(San_Francisco)" title="Chinatown (San Francisco)">quartier asiatique</a> de la ville, un <a href="/wiki/Monument_aux_femmes_de_r%C3%A9confort" class="mw-redirect" title="Monument aux femmes de réconfort">monument</a> en mémoire des « <a href="/wiki/Femmes_de_r%C3%A9confort" title="Femmes de réconfort">femmes de réconfort</a> », <a href="/wiki/Esclavage_sexuel" title="Esclavage sexuel">esclaves sexuelles</a> coréennes, chinoises, philippines ou néerlandaises de l'<a href="/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_imp%C3%A9riale_japonaise" title="Armée impériale japonaise">Armée impériale japonaise</a> du début des années 1930 à la fin de la <a href="/wiki/Seconde_Guerre_mondiale" title="Seconde Guerre mondiale">Seconde Guerre mondiale</a>. Un an plus tard, <a href="/wiki/Hirofumi_Yoshimura" title="Hirofumi Yoshimura">Hirofumi Yoshimura</a>, maire d'Osaka, met fin au <a href="/wiki/Jumelage" title="Jumelage">jumelage</a> de plus de soixante ans entre les deux villes, afin d'affirmer officiellement l'opposition de la ville (et du gouvernement japonais) à l'érection de ce mémorial<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=27" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">JETRO Osaka, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jetro.go.jp/austria/topics/20121112014-topics/Profile.pdf">Profile of Osaka/Kansai</a> (sans date)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/contents/wdu020/english/for_tourists/c_historical_overview.html">Historical Overview</a> - Site officiel de la ville d'Osaka</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/contents/wdu020/french/events_tourism/history/overview.html">Ville d'osaka. Histoire d'Osaka (Site officiel)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Prigent2004"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hélène_Prigent2004">Hélène Prigent, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Images du Monde flottant</cite> », <i>Le Petit Journal des grandes expositions</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 369,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-09-29" data-sort-value="2004-09-29">29 septembre 2004</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 7 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-7118-4852-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-7118-4852-3"><span class="nowrap">2-7118-4852-3</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Images+du+Monde+flottant&rft.jtitle=Le+Petit+Journal+des+grandes+expositions&rft.issue=369&rft.aulast=Prigent&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rft.date=2004-09-29&rft.pages=7&rft.isbn=2-7118-4852-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AOsaka"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japanfocus.org/-Carin-Holroyd/3844">Carin Holroyd,"Local Economies and the Future of Environmental Sustainability in Japan and Asia: Osaka and Kitakyushu," The Asia-Pacific Journal, 10, 42, 1 (15 octobre 2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bie-paris.org/site/fr/2025-osaka"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Expo 2025 Osaka</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">www.bie-paris.org</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-08-13" data-sort-value="2023-08-13">13 août 2023</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/kokusei/2000/jutsu1/00/01.htm">Ministère de l'Intérieur et des Communications. Bureau des statistiques. Recensement. Population le jour (en)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Jiji Press, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/07/01/national/osaka-nations-welfare-capital-conduct-big-data-analysis-recipients-find-many-need/#.V3c6wxIRqAh">Osaka, nation’s welfare capital, to conduct big data analysis on recipients to find why so many are in need</a>, <i>The Japan Times</i> <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07-01" data-sort-value="2016-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 2016</time>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : japonais">(ja)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=62&block_no=47772&year=&month=&day=&view="><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ja">大阪　平年値（年・月ごとの値）　主な要素</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/Agence_m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique_du_Japon" title="Agence météorologique du Japon">Agence météorologique du Japon</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-08-23" data-sort-value="2021-08-23">23 août 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : japonais">(ja)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_s.php?prec_no=62&block_no=47772&year=&month=&day=&view="><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ja">観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/Agence_m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique_du_Japon" title="Agence météorologique du Japon">Agence météorologique du Japon</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-08-23" data-sort-value="2021-08-23">23 août 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fleague.jp/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">ゼビオＦリーグ公式サイト</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">www.fleague.jp</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-12-30" data-sort-value="2015-12-30">30 décembre 2015</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="City_of_Osaka2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : japonais">(ja)</abbr> City of Osaka, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/keizaisenryaku/page/0000302383.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="ja"><span class="lang-ja" lang="ja">大阪市姉妹都市交流推進事業補助</span></cite></a> » [« Osaka : villes jumelées, promotion des échanges culturels et soutien aux entreprises »], sur <span class="italique">www.city.osaka.lg.jp</span>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10" data-sort-value="2016-10">octobre 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10-24" data-sort-value="2016-10-24">24 octobre 2016</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/contents/wdu020/port/exchange/sister.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">International Exchange Osaka's Sister Ports</span></cite></a> » [« Échanges internationaux : villes portuaires jumelées »] <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10-24" data-sort-value="2016-10-24">24 octobre 2016</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Eric de Salve, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfi.fr/ameriques/20171124-osaka-rompt-san-francisco-jumelage-villes-statues-femmes-reconfort">San Francisco rend hommage aux «femmes de réconfort», Osaka rompt son jumelage</a>, RFI (24 novembre 2017).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-São_Paulo-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-São_Paulo_15-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001"><cite style="font-style:normal; color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Prefeitura.Sp - Descentralized Cooperation</cite></a> »<sup class="plainlinks">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001">Archive.org</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001">Wikiwix</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001">Archive.is</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?hl=fr&q=cache:http://www2.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/ingles/descentralized_cooperation/sister_cities/0001">Google</a> • <a href="/wiki/Projet:Correction_des_liens_externes#J'ai_trouvé_un_lien_mort,_que_faire_?" title="Projet:Correction des liens externes">Que faire ?</a>)</sup></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-São_Paulo2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-São_Paulo2_16-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/cidade/secretarias/relacoes_internacionais/cidadesirmas/index.php?p=1066"><cite style="font-style:normal;">International Relations - São Paulo City Hall - Official Sister Cities</cite></a> », Prefeitura.sp.gov.br <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2010-05-05" data-sort-value="2010-05-05">5 mai 2010</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saint_Petersburg-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Saint_Petersburg_17-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.gov.spb.ru/figures/ities"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Saint Petersburg in figures - International and Interregional Ties</cite></a> », Saint Petersburg City Government <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-07-14" data-sort-value="2008-07-14">14 juillet 2008</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Milan-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Milan_18-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comune.milano.it/portale/wps/portal/CDM?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/ContentLibrary/In%20Comune/In%20Comune/Citt%20Gemellate"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><i>Milano - Città Gemellate</i></cite></a> », Municipalité de Milan <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-07-17" data-sort-value="2009-07-17">17 juillet 2009</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090323013630/http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/contents/wdu020/english/more_about_osaka/osaka_world/ock003r.html">Amitié et Coopération, Site officiel d'Osaka</a> »</span> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-03-23" data-sort-value="2009-03-23">23 mars 2009</time> sur <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Budapest-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Budapest_20-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : hongrois">(hu)</abbr> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050309070457/http://www.budapest.hu/engine.aspx?page=20030224-cikk-testvervarosok">Sister cities of Budapest</a> »</span>, Official Website of Budapest <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-03-09" data-sort-value="2005-03-09">9 mars 2005</time> sur <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/seisakukikakushitsu/page/0000017659.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">大阪市市政　友好協力都市（釜山広域市）(Busan (Friendship Cooperation City), the official website of the Osaka city)</cite></a> » <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-08-05" data-sort-value="2009-08-05">5 août 2009</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mesmer2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Philippe_Mesmer2018">Philippe Mesmer, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/m-actu/article/2018/10/12/l-hommage-aux-femmes-de-reconfort-herisse-les-nationalistes-japonais_5368234_4497186.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">L’hommage aux « femmes de réconfort » hérisse les nationalistes japonais</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-10-12" data-sort-value="2018-10-12">12 octobre 2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1950-6244">1950-6244</a></span>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-10-29" data-sort-value="2018-10-29">29 octobre 2018</time>)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Fortin2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacey_Fortin2017"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Jacey Fortin, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/25/world/asia/comfort-women-statue.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">‘Comfort Women’ Statue in San Francisco Leads a Japanese City to Cut Ties</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-11-25" data-sort-value="2017-11-25">25 novembre 2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-10-29" data-sort-value="2018-10-29">29 octobre 2018</time>)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=28" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Osaka?uselang=fr">Osaka</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wikivoyage"><a href="https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Osaka" class="extiw" title="voy:Osaka">Osaka</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikivoyage</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=29" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>P. Marmignon, <i>La création de l'urbain. Paysage urbain et socialité à Osaka depuis Meiji (1868),</i> Sarrebruck, 2010.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=30" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquarium_Kaiyukan" title="Aquarium Kaiyukan">Aquarium Kaiyukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okonomiyaki" title="Okonomiyaki">Okonomiyaki</a>, spécialité culinaire</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Dome" title="Osaka Dome">Osaka Dome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_des_lumi%C3%A8res_d%27Osaka" title="Renaissance des lumières d'Osaka">Renaissance des lumières d'Osaka</a>, festival de la ville</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takoyaki" title="Takoyaki">Takoyaki</a>, spécialité culinaire</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ts%C5%ABtenkaku" title="Tsūtenkaku">Tsutenkaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colline_Tenp%C5%8D" title="Colline Tenpō">Colline Tenpō</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osaka&action=edit&section=31" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="wd_p856"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : japonais">(ja)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/">Site officiel</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35765?uselang=fr#P856" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></cite></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative au spectacle<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35765?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.performing-arts.ch/p/94d41e3f-1954-4a45-8721-f8fde6fee685"><i>Archives suisses des arts de la scène</i></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35765?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T064043"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Grove Art Online</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35765?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/30bcaa92-9870-4798-be1a-4e0036755316"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">MusicBrainz</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35765?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Osaka-Japan"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/osaka"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Osaka/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/%C5%8Csaka%2B%28citt%C3%A0%29.html"><i>Enciclopedia De Agostini</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0047839.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3952122"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/ville/Osaka/136409"><i>Larousse</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/osaka"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proleksis.lzmk.hr/40020"><i>Proleksis enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Osaka"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/osaka"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/osaka/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35765?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/122548794">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000406162721">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15283394k">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15283394k">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/027238202">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80022951">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4043961-6">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00257146">Japon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00489840?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5747781">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007561931405171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/156055">Suède</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000646694&local_base=nsk10">Croatie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ge283684">Tchéquie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.bn.pt/nca/unimarc-authorities/txt?id=164430">Portugal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/Authority/Record?id=au.223272">Grèce</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.helveticarchives.ch/detail.aspx?ID=40439615">Suisse</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n80-022951">WorldCat</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langues : japonais et français">(ja + fr)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/index.html">Site officiel de la ville d'Osaka</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osaka-info.jp/en/">Site officiel touristique d'Osaka</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osaka.fr">Site du bureau de représentation à Paris</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japan-travel-guide.de/japanosaka.html">Tourisme Osaka</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : japonais">(ja)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osakaport.co.jp/">Port d'Osaka</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Villes_majeures_du_Japon" title="Modèle:Palette Villes majeures du Japon"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Villes_majeures_du_Japon&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Ville_(Japon)" title="Ville (Japon)">Villes japonaises</a> de plus de 500 000 habitants</div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Plus de 10 000 000</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Plus de 2 000 000</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Plus de 1 000 000</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe">Kobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_(Kanagawa)" title="Kawasaki (Kanagawa)">Kawasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saitama" title="Saitama">Saitama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Plus de 500 000</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:center;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitaky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" title="Kitakyūshū">Kitakyūshū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiba" title="Chiba">Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai" title="Sakai">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niigata" title="Niigata">Niigata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka" title="Shizuoka">Shizuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamihara" title="Sagamihara">Sagamihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funabashi" title="Funabashi">Funabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaguchi" title="Kawaguchi">Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachi%C5%8Dji" title="Hachiōji">Hachiōji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsuyama_(Ehime)" title="Matsuyama (Ehime)">Matsuyama</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Osaka" title="Portail d'Osaka et sa préfecture"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg/36px-Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg/54px-Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg/72px-Flag_of_Osaka%2C_Osaka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Osaka" title="Portail:Osaka">Portail d'Osaka et sa préfecture</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Japon" title="Portail du Japon"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/50px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/66px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Japon" title="Portail:Japon">Portail du Japon</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Osaka&oldid=219891975">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Osaka&oldid=219891975</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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