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interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enant_tur%C5%9Fusu" title="Enant turşusu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Enant turşusu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="هپتانویک اسید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هپتانویک اسید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80cid_heptanoic" title="Àcid heptanoic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àcid heptanoic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyselina_enanthov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina enanthová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kyselina enanthová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96nanths%C3%A4ure" title="Önanthsäure – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Önanthsäure" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BF%CE%BE%CF%8D" title="Οινανθικό οξύ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οινανθικό οξύ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_heptanoico" title="Ácido heptanoico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ácido heptanoico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptanata_acido" title="Heptanata acido – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Heptanata acido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="هپتانوئیک اسید – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هپتانوئیک اسید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acide_heptano%C3%AFque" title="Acide heptanoïque – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acide heptanoïque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_heptanoico" title="Ácido heptanoico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ácido heptanoico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%82%9C%ED%8A%B8%EC%82%B0" title="에난트산 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에난트산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_heptanoat" title="Asam heptanoat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asam heptanoat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acido_eptanoico" title="Acido eptanoico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Acido eptanoico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantsk%C4%81be" title="Enantskābe – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Enantskābe" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹെപ്റ്റനോയിക് ആസിഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹെപ്റ്റനോയിക് ആസിഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptaanzuur" title="Heptaanzuur – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Heptaanzuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8A%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E9%85%B8" title="エナント酸 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エナント酸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81cido_en%C3%A2ntico" title="Ácido enântico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ácido enântico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_heptanoic" title="Acid heptanoic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Acid heptanoic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Энантовая кислота – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Энантовая кислота" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptanska_kiselina" title="Heptanska kiselina – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Heptanska kiselina" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptanska_kiselina" title="Heptanska kiselina – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Heptanska kiselina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptaanihappo" title="Heptaanihappo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Heptaanihappo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_enanthic" title="Acid enanthic – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Acid enanthic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heptanoic_acid&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Heptanoic acid">Heptanoic acid</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1084375498">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox"> <caption>Enanthic acid<sup id="cite_ref-Merck_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Merck-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heptanoic_acid.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Heptanoic acid"><img alt="Heptanoic acid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Heptanoic_acid.png/200px-Heptanoic_acid.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Heptanoic_acid.png/300px-Heptanoic_acid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Heptanoic_acid.png/400px-Heptanoic_acid.png 2x" data-file-width="1655" data-file-height="499" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Names </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Preferred_IUPAC_name" title="Preferred IUPAC name">Preferred IUPAC name</a> <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; max-width:22em;">Heptanoic acid</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;">Other names <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;">Enthanoic acid; Enthanylic acid; Heptoic acid; Heptylic acid; Oenanthic acid; Oenanthylic acid; 1-Hexanecarboxylic acid; C7:0 (<a href="/wiki/Fatty_acid#Nomenclature" title="Fatty acid">lipid numbers</a>)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Identifiers </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></div> </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=111-14-8">111-14-8</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=O%3DC%28O%29CCCCCC">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=45571">CHEBI:45571</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb/index.php/compound/inspect/ChEMBL320358">ChEMBL320358</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.7803.html">7803</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB02938">DB02938</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.003.490">100.003.490</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q297592#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C17714">C17714</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/8094">8094</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/THE3YNP39D">THE3YNP39D</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID2021600">DTXSID2021600</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q297592#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C7H14O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7(8)9/h2-6H2,1H3,(H,8,9)<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1/C7H14O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7(8)9/h2-6H2,1H3,(H,8,9)</div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYAP</div></div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">O=C(O)CCCCCC</div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Properties </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Chemical formula</a></div> </td> <td><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>7</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>14</sub><span title="Oxygen">O</span><sub>2</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002130187000000000♠"></span>130.187</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup>   </td></tr> <tr> <td>Appearance </td> <td>colorless oily liquid </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">Density</a> </td> <td>0.9181 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">Melting point</a> </td> <td>−7.5 °C (18.5 °F; 265.6 K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boiling_point" title="Boiling point">Boiling point</a> </td> <td>223 °C (433 °F; 496 K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Aqueous_solution" title="Aqueous solution">Solubility in water</a></div> </td> <td>0.2419 g/100 mL (15 °C) </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_susceptibility" title="Magnetic susceptibility">Magnetic susceptibility</a> (χ)</div> </td> <td>−88.60·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Hazards </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704"><b>NFPA 704</b></a> (fire diamond) </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1170367383">.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-ref{float:right;padding:1px;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-container{width:82px;font-family:sans-serif;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-container-ref{float:left;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-images{float:left;font-size:20px;text-align:center;position:relative;height:80px;width:80px;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-map{position:absolute;height:80px;width:80px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond .noresize{margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-code{line-height:1em;text-align:center;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-code>a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-blue{width:13px;top:31px;left:15px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-red{width:12px;top:12px;left:35px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-yellow{width:13px;top:31px;left:54px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-image{position:relative;top:51px;left:0}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-text{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;line-height:80%;position:absolute;top:52px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-text a>span{position:absolute;color:black}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-wors{font-size:15px;width:23px;left:29px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-wox{font-size:15px;font-stretch:condensed;width:21px;line-height:80%;top:-4px;left:29px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-abcp{font-size:13.5px;font-stretch:condensed;width:28px;left:26px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-ac{font-size:10px;width:30px;left:25px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-strike{text-decoration:line-through}</style><div class="nfpa-704-diamond notheme"><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-container"><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-images nounderlines"> <div class="nfpa-704-diamond-map"><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="NFPA 704 four-colored diamond" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/80px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/120px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/160px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" usemap="#ImageMap_cac26dcfb9c9c85a" /></span><map name="ImageMap_cac26dcfb9c9c85a"><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Blue" shape="poly" coords="23,23,47,47,23,70,0,47" alt="Health 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gas" title="Health 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gas" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Red" shape="poly" coords="47,0,70,23,47,47,23,23" alt="Flammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuel" title="Flammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuel" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Yellow" shape="poly" coords="70,23,94,47,70,70,47,47" alt="Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen" title="Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#White" shape="poly" coords="47,47,70,70,47,94,23,70" alt="Special hazards (white): no code" title="Special hazards (white): no code" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-blue"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Blue" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Health 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gas" class="notheme mw-no-invert">3</span></a></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-red"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Red" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Flammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuel" class="notheme mw-no-invert">2</span></a></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-yellow"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Yellow" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen" class="notheme mw-no-invert">0</span></a></div></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><b>Lethal dose</b> or concentration (LD, LC): </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">LD<sub>50</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Lethal_dose#LD50" title="Lethal dose">median dose</a>)</div> </td> <td>6400 mg/kg (oral, rat) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Related compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related compounds</div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hexanoic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexanoic acid">Hexanoic acid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Octanoic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="Octanoic acid">Octanoic acid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba; border:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their <a href="/wiki/Standard_state" title="Standard state">standard state</a> (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).</div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em;"><div style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/12px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/18px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/24px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=443854052&page2=Enanthic+acid">verify</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">what is</a> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup> ?) </div></div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Chemical_infobox#References" title="Wikipedia:Chemical infobox">Infobox references</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chemical compound</div> <p><b>Enanthic acid</b>, also called <b>heptanoic acid</b>, is an <a href="/wiki/Organic_compound" title="Organic compound">organic compound</a> composed of a seven-carbon chain terminating in a <a href="/wiki/Carboxylic_acid" title="Carboxylic acid">carboxylic acid</a> functional group. It is a colorless oily liquid with an unpleasant, <a href="/wiki/Rancidification" title="Rancidification">rancid</a> odor.<sup id="cite_ref-Merck_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Merck-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It contributes to the odor of some rancid oils. It is slightly soluble in water, but very soluble in <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a> and ether. <a href="/wiki/Carboxylate_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Carboxylate salt">Salts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ester" title="Ester">esters</a> of enanthic acid are called <b>enanthates</b> or <b>heptanoates</b>. </p><p>Its name derives from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Oenanthe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Oenanthe (disambiguation)">oenanthe</a></i> which is in turn derived from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <i>oinos</i> "wine" and <i>anthos</i> "blossom." </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enanthic_acid&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ricinoleic_acid.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ricinoleic_acid.svg/220px-Ricinoleic_acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ricinoleic_acid.svg/330px-Ricinoleic_acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ricinoleic_acid.svg/440px-Ricinoleic_acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="249" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ricinoleic_acid" title="Ricinoleic acid">Ricinoleic acid</a>, a fatty acid obtained from <a href="/wiki/Castor_bean_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Castor bean oil">castor bean oil</a>, also occurs as its methyl ester, <a href="/wiki/Methyl_ricinoleate" title="Methyl ricinoleate">methyl ricinoleate</a>, which is the main precursor to enanthic acid.</figcaption></figure> <p>The methyl ester of <a href="/wiki/Ricinoleic_acid" title="Ricinoleic acid">ricinoleic acid</a>, obtained from <a href="/wiki/Castor_bean_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Castor bean oil">castor bean oil</a>, is the main commercial precursor to enanthic acid. It is pyrolyzed to the methyl ester of <a href="/wiki/10-undecenoic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="10-undecenoic acid">10-undecenoic acid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heptanal" title="Heptanal">heptanal</a>, which is then air-oxidized to the carboxylic acid. Approximately 20,000 tons were consumed in Europe and US in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Laboratory preparations of enanthic acid include permanganate oxidation of <a href="/wiki/Heptanal" title="Heptanal">heptanal</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/1-Octene" title="1-Octene">1-octene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enanthic_acid&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enanthic acid is used in the preparation of esters, such as <a href="/wiki/Ethyl_enanthate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethyl enanthate">ethyl enanthate</a>, which are used in fragrances and as artificial flavors. Enanthic acid is used to <a href="/wiki/Esterification" class="mw-redirect" title="Esterification">esterify</a> steroids in the preparation of drugs such as <a href="/wiki/Testosterone_enanthate" title="Testosterone enanthate">testosterone enanthate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trenbolone_enanthate" title="Trenbolone enanthate">trenbolone enanthate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drostanolone_enanthate" class="mw-redirect" title="Drostanolone enanthate">drostanolone enanthate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Methenolone_enanthate" class="mw-redirect" title="Methenolone enanthate">methenolone enanthate</a> (Primobolan). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Triglyceride" title="Triglyceride">triglyceride</a> ester of enanthic acid is the <a href="/wiki/Triheptanoin" title="Triheptanoin">triheptanoin</a>, which is used in certain medical conditions as a nutritional supplement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enanthic_acid&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enanthic acid is toxic if swallowed and corrosive.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enanthic_acid&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_saturated_fatty_acids" title="List of saturated fatty acids">List of saturated fatty acids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_carboxylic_acids" title="List of carboxylic acids">List of carboxylic acids</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enanthic_acid&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Merck-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Merck_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Merck_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Merck_Index" title="Merck Index">Merck Index</a></i>, 11th Edition, <b>4581</b></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ullmann-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David J. Anneken, Sabine Both, Ralf Christoph, Georg Fieg, Udo Steinberner, Alfred Westfechtel "Fatty Acids" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.a10_245.pub2">10.1002/14356007.a10_245.pub2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_R._Ruhoff1936" class="citation journal cs1">John R. Ruhoff (1936). "N-Heptanoic Acid". <i>Organic Syntheses</i>. <b>16</b>: 39. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15227%2Forgsyn.016.0039">10.15227/orgsyn.016.0039</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Syntheses&rft.atitle=N-Heptanoic+Acid&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=39&rft.date=1936&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15227%2Forgsyn.016.0039&rft.au=John+R.+Ruhoff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnanthic+acid" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_G._Lee,_Shannon_E._Lamb,_Victor_S._Chang1981" class="citation journal cs1">Donald G. Lee, Shannon E. Lamb, Victor S. Chang (1981). "Carboxylic Acids from the Oxidation of Terminal Alkenes by Permanganate: Nonadecanoic Acid". <i>Organic Syntheses</i>. <b>60</b>: 11. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15227%2Forgsyn.060.0011">10.15227/orgsyn.060.0011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Syntheses&rft.atitle=Carboxylic+Acids+from+the+Oxidation+of+Terminal+Alkenes+by+Permanganate%3A+Nonadecanoic+Acid&rft.volume=60&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15227%2Forgsyn.060.0011&rft.au=Donald+G.+Lee%2C+Shannon+E.+Lamb%2C+Victor+S.+Chang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnanthic+acid" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Heptanoic-acid">"Heptanoic Acid - Pubchem"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heptanoic+Acid+-+Pubchem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fcompound%2FHeptanoic-acid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnanthic+acid" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fatty_acids" title="Template:Fatty acids"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fatty_acids" title="Template talk:Fatty acids"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fatty_acids" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fatty acids"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lipids:_fatty_acids" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid">Lipids</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fatty_acid" title="Fatty acid">fatty acids</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saturated_fat" title="Saturated fat">Saturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Propionic_acid" title="Propionic acid">Propionic</a> (C3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butyric_acid" title="Butyric acid">Butyric</a> (C4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeric_acid" title="Valeric acid">Valeric</a> (C5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caproic_acid" title="Caproic acid">Caproic</a> (C6)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Enanthic</a> (C7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caprylic_acid" title="Caprylic acid">Caprylic</a> (C8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelargonic_acid" title="Pelargonic acid">Pelargonic</a> (C9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capric_acid" title="Capric acid">Capric</a> (C10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undecylic_acid" title="Undecylic acid">Undecylic</a> (C11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauric_acid" title="Lauric acid">Lauric</a> (C12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridecylic_acid" title="Tridecylic acid">Tridecylic</a> (C13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myristic_acid" title="Myristic acid">Myristic</a> (C14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentadecylic_acid" title="Pentadecylic acid">Pentadecylic</a> (C15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmitic_acid" title="Palmitic acid">Palmitic</a> (C16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaric_acid" title="Margaric acid">Margaric</a> (C17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stearic_acid" title="Stearic acid">Stearic</a> (C18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonadecylic_acid" title="Nonadecylic acid">Nonadecylic</a> (C19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidic_acid" title="Arachidic acid">Arachidic</a> (C20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heneicosylic_acid" title="Heneicosylic acid">Heneicosylic</a> (C21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behenic_acid" title="Behenic acid">Behenic</a> (C22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricosylic_acid" title="Tricosylic acid">Tricosylic</a> (C23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lignoceric_acid" title="Lignoceric acid">Lignoceric</a> (C24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentacosylic_acid" title="Pentacosylic acid">Pentacosylic</a> (C25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerotic_acid" title="Cerotic acid">Cerotic</a> (C26)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carboceric_acid" title="Carboceric acid">Carboceric</a> (C27)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montanic_acid" title="Montanic acid">Montanic</a> (C28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonacosylic_acid" title="Nonacosylic acid">Nonacosylic</a> (C29)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissic_acid" title="Melissic acid">Melissic</a> (C30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentriacontylic_acid" title="Hentriacontylic acid">Hentriacontylic</a> (C31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacceroic_acid" title="Lacceroic acid">Lacceroic</a> (C32)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psyllic_acid" title="Psyllic acid">Psyllic</a> (C33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geddic_acid" title="Geddic acid">Geddic</a> (C34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceroplastic_acid" title="Ceroplastic acid">Ceroplastic</a> (C35)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexatriacontylic_acid" title="Hexatriacontylic acid">Hexatriacontylic</a> (C36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heptatriacontanoic_acid" title="Heptatriacontanoic acid">Heptatriacontanoic</a> (C37)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octatriacontanoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Octatriacontanoic acid (page does not exist)">Octatriacontanoic</a> (C38)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonatriacontanoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonatriacontanoic acid (page does not exist)">Nonatriacontanoic</a> (C39)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetracontanoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetracontanoic acid (page does not exist)">Tetracontanoic</a> (C40)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Omega-3_fatty_acid" title="Omega-3 fatty acid">ω−3 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5-Octenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-Octenoic acid (page does not exist)">Octenoic</a> (8:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7-Decenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7-Decenoic acid (page does not exist)">Decenoic</a> (10:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4,7-Decadienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4,7-Decadienoic acid (page does not exist)">Decadienoic</a> (10:2)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9-Dodecenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9-Dodecenoic acid (page does not exist)">Lauroleic</a> (12:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6,9-Dodecadienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6,9-Dodecadienoic acid (page does not exist)">Laurolinoleic</a> (12:2)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11-Tetradecenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11-Tetradecenoic acid (page does not exist)">Myristovaccenic</a> (14:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8,11-Tetradecadienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8,11-Tetradecadienoic acid (page does not exist)">Myristolinoleic</a> (14:2)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5,8,11-Tetradecatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5,8,11-Tetradecatrienoic acid (page does not exist)">Myristolinolenic</a> (14:3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7,10,13-Hexadecatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7,10,13-Hexadecatrienoic acid (page does not exist)">Palmitolinolenic</a> (16:3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4,7,10,13-Hexadecatetraenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4,7,10,13-Hexadecatetraenoic acid (page does not exist)">Palmitidonic</a> (16:4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Linolenic_acid" title="Α-Linolenic acid">α-Linolenic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stearidonic_acid" title="Stearidonic acid">Stearidonic</a> (18:4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Parinaric_acid" title="Α-Parinaric acid">α-Parinaric</a> (18:4)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid (page does not exist)">Dihomo-α-linolenic</a> (20:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eicosatetraenoic_acid" title="Eicosatetraenoic acid">Eicosatetraenoic</a> (20:4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eicosapentaenoic_acid" title="Eicosapentaenoic acid">Eicosapentaenoic</a> (20:5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docosapentaenoic_acid" title="Docosapentaenoic acid">Clupanodonic</a> (22:5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docosahexaenoic_acid" title="Docosahexaenoic acid">Docosahexaenoic</a> (22:6)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosapentaenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosapentaenoic acid (page does not exist)">9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosapentaenoic</a> (24:5)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic acid (page does not exist)">6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic</a> (24:6)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega-5_fatty_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega-5 fatty acid (page does not exist)">ω−5 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myristoleic_acid" title="Myristoleic acid">Myristoleic</a> (14:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=11-Hexadecenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="11-Hexadecenoic acid (page does not exist)">Palmitovaccenic</a> (16:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Eleostearic_acid" title="Α-Eleostearic acid">α-Eleostearic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%92-Eleostearic_acid" title="Β-Eleostearic acid">β-Eleostearic</a> (<i>trans</i>-18:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punicic_acid" title="Punicic acid">Punicic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7,10,13-Octadecatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7,10,13-Octadecatrienoic acid (page does not exist)">7,10,13-Octadecatrienoic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9,12,15-Eicosatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9,12,15-Eicosatrienoic acid (page does not exist)">9,12,15-Eicosatrienoic</a> (20:3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=6,9,12,15-Eicosatetraenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6,9,12,15-Eicosatetraenoic acid (page does not exist)">β-Eicosatetraenoic</a> (20:4)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Omega-6_fatty_acid" title="Omega-6 fatty acid">ω−6 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8-Tetradecenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8-Tetradecenoic acid (page does not exist)">8-Tetradecenoic</a> (14:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=12-Octadecenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="12-Octadecenoic acid (page does not exist)">12-Octadecenoic</a> (18:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linoleic_acid" title="Linoleic acid">Linoleic</a> (18:2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linolelaidic_acid" title="Linolelaidic acid">Linolelaidic</a> (<i>trans</i>-18:2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma-Linolenic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamma-Linolenic acid">γ-Linolenic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendic_acid" title="Calendic acid">Calendic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinolenic_acid" title="Pinolenic acid">Pinolenic</a> (18:3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dihomo-linoleic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dihomo-linoleic acid (page does not exist)">Dihomo-linoleic</a> (20:2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihomo-%CE%B3-linolenic_acid" title="Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid">Dihomo-γ-linolenic</a> (20:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciadonic_acid" title="Sciadonic acid">Sciadonic</a> (20:3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonic_acid" title="Arachidonic acid">Arachidonic</a> (20:4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docosatetraenoic_acid" title="Docosatetraenoic acid">Adrenic</a> (22:4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docosapentaenoic_acid" title="Docosapentaenoic acid">Osbond</a> (22:5)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Omega-7_fatty_acid" title="Omega-7 fatty acid">ω−7 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palmitoleic_acid" title="Palmitoleic acid">Palmitoleic</a> (16:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccenic_acid" title="Vaccenic acid">Vaccenic</a> (18:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumenic_acid" title="Rumenic acid">Rumenic</a> (18:2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paullinic_acid" title="Paullinic acid">Paullinic</a> (20:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7,10,13-Eicosatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7,10,13-Eicosatrienoic acid (page does not exist)">7,10,13-Eicosatrienoic</a> (20:3)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Omega-9_fatty_acid" title="Omega-9 fatty acid">ω−9 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oleic_acid" title="Oleic acid">Oleic</a> (18:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaidic_acid" title="Elaidic acid">Elaidic</a> (<i>trans</i>-18:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/11-Eicosenoic_acid" title="11-Eicosenoic acid">Gondoic</a> (20:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erucic_acid" title="Erucic acid">Erucic</a> (22:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nervonic_acid" title="Nervonic acid">Nervonic</a> (24:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8,11-Eicosadienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8,11-Eicosadienoic acid (page does not exist)">8,11-Eicosadienoic</a> (20:2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mead_acid" title="Mead acid">Mead</a> (20:3)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega-10_fatty_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega-10 fatty acid (page does not exist)">ω−10 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapienic_acid" title="Sapienic acid">Sapienic</a> (16:1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega-11_fatty_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega-11 fatty acid (page does not exist)">ω−11 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gadoleic_acid" title="Gadoleic acid">Gadoleic</a> (20:1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega-12_fatty_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega-12 fatty acid (page does not exist)">ω−12 Unsaturated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4-Hexadecenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-Hexadecenoic acid (page does not exist)">4-Hexadecenoic</a> (16:1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroselinic_acid" title="Petroselinic acid">Petroselinic</a> (18:1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8-Eicosenoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8-Eicosenoic acid (page does not exist)">8-Eicosenoic</a> (20:1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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