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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Colin Lingwood Mallows</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1930-09-10</span>)</span>10 September 1930<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Great_Sampford" title="Great Sampford">Great Sampford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 November 2023<span style="display:none">(2023-11-04)</span> (aged 93)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Flemington,_New_Jersey" title="Flemington, New Jersey">Flemington, New Jersey</a>, USA<sup id="cite_ref-wright_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English American</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mallows%27s_Cp" title="Mallows's Cp">Mallows's <i>C<sub>p</sub></i></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fowlkes%E2%80%93Mallows_index" title="Fowlkes–Mallows index">Fowlkes–Mallows index</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/R._A._Fisher_Lectureship" class="mw-redirect" title="R. A. Fisher Lectureship">R. A. Fisher Lectureship</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deming_Lectureship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deming Lectureship (page does not exist)">Deming Lectureship</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wilks_Memorial_Award" title="Wilks Memorial Award">Wilks Memorial Award</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Statistics" title="Statistics">Statistics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a><br /><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Labs" title="AT&T Labs">AT&T Labs</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Avaya" title="Avaya">Avaya</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_David" title="Florence Nightingale David">Florence Nightingale David</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lloyd_Johnson" title="Norman Lloyd Johnson">Norman Lloyd Johnson</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Colin Lingwood Mallows</b> (10 September 1930 – 4 November 2023) was an English statistician, who worked in the United States from 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was known for <a href="/wiki/Mallows%27s_Cp" title="Mallows's Cp">Mallows's <i>C<sub>p</sub></i></a>, a regression model diagnostic procedure, widely used in <a href="/wiki/Regression_analysis" title="Regression analysis">regression analysis</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fowlkes%E2%80%93Mallows_index" title="Fowlkes–Mallows index">Fowlkes–Mallows index</a>, a popular <a href="/wiki/Cluster_analysis" title="Cluster analysis">clustering</a> validation criterion.<sup id="cite_ref-Interview_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jrrs_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jrrs-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Lingwood_Mallows&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mallows began studying at <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a> (UCL) in 1948 and received in 1951 his bachelor's degree and in 1953 his Ph.D. (at the age of 22) from under <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale_David" title="Florence Nightingale David">Florence Nightingale David</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lloyd_Johnson" title="Norman Lloyd Johnson">Norman Lloyd Johnson</a> with thesis <i>Some problems connected with distribution problems.</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mallows joined the UCL faculty and taught there from 1955 to 1959 with a sabbatical year at <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> in the academic year 1957–1958. He worked for <a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill,_New_Jersey" title="Murray Hill, New Jersey">Murray Hill, New Jersey</a> from 1960 to 1995 and then for <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Labs" title="AT&T Labs">AT&T Labs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Florham_Park,_New_Jersey" title="Florham Park, New Jersey">Florham Park, New Jersey</a> from 1995 to 2000, when he retired. From 2000, Mallows was a consultant for <a href="/wiki/Avaya" title="Avaya">Avaya Labs</a>. He was the author or coauthor of about 140 research publications.<sup id="cite_ref-Interview_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Lingwood_Mallows&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mallows died on 4 November 2023, at the age of 93.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wright_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors_and_awards">Honors and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Lingwood_Mallows&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Honors and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mallows was awarded the <a href="/wiki/R._A._Fisher_Lectureship" class="mw-redirect" title="R. A. Fisher Lectureship">R. A. Fisher Lectureship</a> in 1997, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deming_Lectureship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deming Lectureship (page does not exist)">Deming Lectureship</a> in 2004, and the <a href="/wiki/Wilks_Memorial_Award" title="Wilks Memorial Award">Wilks Memorial Award</a> in 2007. Mallows and <a href="/wiki/George_Box" class="mw-redirect" title="George Box">George Box</a> are the only two statisticians to have received all three of those honours.<sup id="cite_ref-Interview_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a Fellow of the American Statistical Association, the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and the Royal Statistical Society.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mallows solved a $10,000 mathematical problem posed by <a href="/wiki/John_Horton_Conway" title="John Horton Conway">John Horton Conway</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but declined the prize money on the grounds that the problem was too easy.<sup id="cite_ref-Interview_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_publications">Selected publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Lingwood_Mallows&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"Generalizations of Tchebycheff's inequalities." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological) (1956): 139–176. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2983702?">2983702?</a></li> <li>with David E. Barton: "The randomization bases of the problem of the amalgamation of weighted means." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological) (1961): 423–433. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2984032">2984032</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/biomet/article-abstract/48/1-2/133/225731">"Latent vectors of random symmetric matrices."</a> Biometrika 48, no. 1–2 (1961): 133–149. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbiomet%2F48.1-2.133">10.1093/biomet/48.1-2.133</a></li> <li>with D. E. Barton: "Some aspects of the random sequence." The Annals of Mathematical Statistics (1965): 236–260. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2238090">2238090</a></li> <li>"An even simpler proof of Opal's inequality." Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 16 (1965): 173. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1090%2FS0002-9939-1965-0170989-6">10.1090/S0002-9939-1965-0170989-6</a></li> <li>with H. L. Frisch and F. A. Bovey. "On the stereoregularity of vinyl polymer chains." The Journal of Chemical Physics 45, no. 5 (1966): 1565–1577. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2F1.1727800">10.1063/1.1727800</a></li> <li>with John Riordan: "The inversion enumerator for labeled trees." Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 74 (1968): 92–94. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1090%2FS0002-9904-1968-11888-9">10.1090/S0002-9904-1968-11888-9</a></li> <li>With William H. Williams: "Systematic biases in panel surveys due to differential nonresponse." Journal of the American Statistical Association 65, no. 331 (1970): 1338–1349. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01621459.1970.10481169">10.1080/01621459.1970.10481169</a></li> <li>with David F. Andrews: "Scale mixtures of normal distributions." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological) (1974): 99–102. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2984774">2984774 </a></li> <li>with John M. Chambers and B. W. Stuck: "A method for simulating stable random variables." Journal of the American Statistical Association 71, no. 354 (1976): 340–344. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01621459.1976.10480344">10.1080/01621459.1976.10480344</a></li> <li>"Robust methods—some examples of their use." The American Statistician 33, no. 4 (1979): 179–184. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00031305.1979.10482689">10.1080/00031305.1979.10482689</a></li> <li>with Edward B. Fowlkes: "A method for comparing two hierarchical clusterings." Journal of the American Statistical Association 78, no. 383 (1983): 553–569. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01621459.1983.10478008">10.1080/01621459.1983.10478008</a></li> <li>with Siddharta R. Dalal: "When should one stop testing software?." Journal of the American Statistical Association 83, no. 403 (1988): 872–879. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01621459.1988.10478676">10.1080/01621459.1988.10478676</a></li> <li>with David Draper, James S. Hodges, and Daryl Pregibon: "Exchangeability and data analysis." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society) (1993): 9–37. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2982858">2982858</a></li> <li>with S. R. Dalal: "Factor-covering designs for testing software." Technometrics 40, no. 3 (1998): 234–243. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00401706.1998.10485524">10.1080/00401706.1998.10485524</a></li> <li>Lorraine Denby, James M. Landwehr, Jean Meloche, John Tuck, Bowei Xi, George Michailidis, and Vijayan N. Nair: "Statistical aspects of the analysis of data networks." Technometrics 49, no. 3 (2007): 318–334. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1198%2F004017007000000290">10.1198/004017007000000290</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Lingwood_Mallows&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wright-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wright_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wright_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wrightfamily.com/obituary/dr-colin-lingwood-mallows/">"Dr. Colin Lingwood Mallows"</a>. <i>www.wrightfamily.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wrightfamily.com&rft.atitle=Dr.+Colin+Lingwood+Mallows&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrightfamily.com%2Fobituary%2Fdr-colin-lingwood-mallows%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColin+Lingwood+Mallows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpton,_GrahamCook,_Ian2014" class="citation book cs1">Upton, Graham; Cook, Ian (13 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P-CrBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA252">"Mallows, Colin L."</a>. <i>A Dictionary of Statistics</i> (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 252. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780191044632" title="Special:BookSources/9780191044632"><bdi>9780191044632</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mallows%2C+Colin+L.&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Statistics&rft.pages=252&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014-03-13&rft.isbn=9780191044632&rft.au=Upton%2C+Graham&rft.au=Cook%2C+Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP-CrBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColin+Lingwood+Mallows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Interview-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Interview_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interview_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interview_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Interview_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenby,_LorraineLandwehr,_Jim2013" class="citation journal cs1">Denby, Lorraine; Landwehr, Jim (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mh-data.com/uploads/3/6/5/4/3654893/mallows-interview.pdf">"A conversation with Colin L. Mallows"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Statistical Review</i>. <b>81</b> (3): 338–360. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Finsr.12038">10.1111/insr.12038</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:119937742">119937742</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Statistical+Review&rft.atitle=A+conversation+with+Colin+L.+Mallows&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=338-360&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Finsr.12038&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A119937742%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Denby%2C+Lorraine&rft.au=Landwehr%2C+Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mh-data.com%2Fuploads%2F3%2F6%2F5%2F4%2F3654893%2Fmallows-interview.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColin+Lingwood+Mallows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jrrs-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jrrs_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalalLandwehr2024" class="citation journal cs1">Dalal, Siddhartha; Landwehr, James (2024-04-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/jrsssa/article/187/2/553/7486387">"Colin Lingwood Mallows: a great ambidextrous statistician, 1930–2023"</a>. <i>Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A: Statistics in Society</i>. <b>187</b> (2): 553–554. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjrsssa%2Fqnad141">10.1093/jrsssa/qnad141</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0964-1998">0964-1998</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Statistical+Society+Series+A%3A+Statistics+in+Society&rft.atitle=Colin+Lingwood+Mallows%3A+a+great+ambidextrous+statistician%2C+1930%E2%80%932023&rft.volume=187&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=553-554&rft.date=2024-04-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjrsssa%2Fqnad141&rft.issn=0964-1998&rft.aulast=Dalal&rft.aufirst=Siddhartha&rft.au=Landwehr%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fjrsssa%2Farticle%2F187%2F2%2F553%2F7486387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColin+Lingwood+Mallows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=42266">Colin L. Mallows</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obit-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obit_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imstat.org/2023/12/15/obituary-colin-mallows-1930-2023/">"Obituary: Colin Mallows 1930–2023"</a>. <i>Institute of Mathematical Statistics</i>. 15 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Institute+of+Mathematical+Statistics&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Colin+Mallows+1930%E2%80%932023&rft.date=2023-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimstat.org%2F2023%2F12%2F15%2Fobituary-colin-mallows-1930-2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColin+Lingwood+Mallows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPickover,_Clifford_A.1998" class="citation book cs1">Pickover, Clifford A. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A51ARsapVuUC&pg=PA127">"The crying of fractal batrachian 1,489"</a>. <i><span></span></i>In:<i> Chaos and Fractals</i>. pp. 127–131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780080528861" title="Special:BookSources/9780080528861"><bdi>9780080528861</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+crying+of+fractal+batrachian+1%2C489&rft.btitle=In%3A+Chaos+and+Fractals&rft.pages=127-131&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780080528861&rft.au=Pickover%2C+Clifford+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA51ARsapVuUC%26pg%3DPA127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColin+Lingwood+Mallows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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