CINXE.COM
Document Zbl 1358.81094 - zbMATH Open
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Document Zbl 1358.81094 - zbMATH Open</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, minimum-scale=0.1, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive, noindex"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-lightbox/v0.7.0/bootstrap-lightbox.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-select/v1.13.14/css/bootstrap-select.min.css"> <link href="/static/css/smoothness/jquery-ui-1.10.1.custom.min.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen"> <link href="/static/styles.css?v=20241024" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link href="https://static.zbmath.org/zbMathJax/v0.1.38/zbmathjax.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/zbmath.ico"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://zbmath.org/", "logo": "https://zbmath.org/static/zbMATH.png" } </script> </head> <body> <div id="line"></div> <span id="clear" style="cursor: pointer;">×</span> <div id="page"> <div id="head"> <nav id="menu" class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#zbnav" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#"> <img class="logo" src="/static/zbmath.gif" alt="zbMATH Open logo"> </a> </div> <div id="zbnav" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav pages"> <li class="about"> <a href="/about/">About</a> </li> <li class="frequently-asked-questions"> <a href="/frequently-asked-questions/">FAQ</a> </li> <li class="general-help"> <a href="/general-help/">General Help</a> </li> <li class="reviewer-service"> <a href="https://zbmath.org/reviewer-service/" target="_self" >Reviewer Service</a> </li> <li> <a href="/tools-and-resources/">Tools & Resources</a> </li> <li class="contact"> <a href="/contact/">Contact</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right prefs"> <li class="preferences dropdown"> <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">Preferences <i class="caret"></i></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu preferences"> <li> <form id="preferences" class="navbar-form" method="post" action="/preferences/" onsubmit="return confirm('This website uses cookies for the purposes of storing preference information on your device. Do you agree to this?\n\nPlease refer to our Privacy Policy to learn more about our use of cookies.')" > <input type="hidden" name="path" value="/1358.81094?"> <span class=""> <label class="title">Search Form</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="search-multi-line" type="radio" name="search" value="multi-line" checked> <label for="search-multi-line" class="radio">Multi-Line Search (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="search-one-line" type="radio" name="search" value="one-line"> <label for="search-one-line" class="radio">One-Line Search</label> </div> </span> <span class="count"> <label class="title">Hits per Page</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-10" type="radio" name="count" value="10"> <label for="count-10" class="radio">10</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-20" type="radio" name="count" value="20"> <label for="count-20" class="radio">20</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-50" type="radio" name="count" value="50"> <label for="count-50" class="radio">50</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-100" type="radio" name="count" value="100" checked> <label for="count-100" class="radio">100 (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="count-200" type="radio" name="count" value="200"> <label for="count-200" class="radio">200</label> </div> </span> <span class="format"> <label class="title">Display Format</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="format-mathjax" type="radio" name="format" value="mathjax" checked> <label for="format-mathjax" class="radio">MathJax (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="format-amstex" type="radio" name="format" value="latex"> <label for="format-amstex" class="radio">LaTeX</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Documents Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-default" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="date" checked> <label for="documents-ranking-default" class="radio">Newest first (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-references" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="references"> <label for="documents-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="documents-ranking-relevance" type="radio" name="documents_ranking" value="relevance"> <label for="documents-ranking-relevance" class="radio">Relevance</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Authors Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="authors-ranking-default" type="radio" name="authors_ranking" value="alpha" checked> <label for="authors-ranking-default" class="radio">Alphabetically (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="authors-ranking-references" type="radio" name="authors_ranking" value="references"> <label for="authors-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Serials Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="serials-ranking-default" type="radio" name="serials_ranking" value="alpha" checked> <label for="serials-ranking-default" class="radio">Alphabetically (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="serials-ranking-references" type="radio" name="serials_ranking" value="references"> <label for="serials-ranking-references" class="radio">Citations</label> </div> </span> <span class="ranking"> <label class="title">Software Sorting</label> <div class="form-group"> <input id="software-ranking-default" type="radio" name="software_ranking" value="references" checked> <label for="software-ranking-default" class="radio">Citations (default)</label> </div> <div class="form-group"> <input id="software-ranking-alpha" type="radio" name="software_ranking" value="alpha"> <label for="software-ranking-alpha" class="radio">Alphabetically</label> </div> </span> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">OK</button> <div class="clearfix"> </form> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="tabs"> <h1 class="logo"> <a class="logo" href="/"> <img class="logo" src="/static/zbmath.gif" alt="zbMATH Open — the first resource for mathematics" > </a> </h1> <nav> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="tab-documents active"> <a href="/">Documents</a> </li> <li class="tab-authors"> <a href="/authors/">Authors</a> </li> <li class="tab-serials"> <a href="/serials/">Serials</a> </li> <li class="tab-software"> <a href="/software/">Software</a> </li> <li class="tab-classification"> <a href="/classification/">Classification</a> </li> <li class="tab-formulae"> <a href="/formulae/">Formulæ</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="content-fixed"> <div class="content-formular"> <div style="display: none;"> <div class="row ml-0"id="multi-line-new-line" style="display: none;"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-0-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any" selected>Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-0-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input"> <span class="multi-line-value" id="multi-line-type-range"><span style="padding-left: 5px;">from</span> <input name="ml-0-v1" class="form-control multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"> until <input name="ml-0-v2" class="form-control multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"></span> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-la" placeholder="use name or ISO code"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-rv" placeholder="enter name or zbMATH reviewer number"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-an" placeholder="Zbl, JFM or ERAM number"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-en" placeholder="e.g. DOI, ISBN, arXiv ID"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-sw" placeholder="use * to find all documents using software"> <input name="ml-0-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value" id="multi-line-type-input-br" placeholder="find documents about the life or work of a person"> <span class="multi-line-value" id="multi-line-type-multiselect-db"> <select class="multi-line-selectpicker" data-width="100%" multiple> <option value="zbl">Zbl</option> <option value="arxiv">arXiv</option> <option value="jfm">JFM</option> <option value="eram">ERAM</option> </select> <input type="hidden" class="multi-line-input" name="ml-0-v" value=""> </span> </div> <form name="documents" method="GET" action="/" autocomplete="off"> <div class="documents multi-line" style="display: none;"> <div class="forms"> <ul class="nav forms"> <li class="one-line"> <span tabindex="0" class="glyphicon glyphicon-question-sign" title="One-Line Search allows for free logical combinations of search fields" aria-label="One-Line Search allows for free logical combinations of search fields" data-placement="bottom"></span> <a style="display: inline-block;" href="#">One-Line Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="container-fluid"> <input type="hidden" id="multi-line-ml" name="ml" value="3"> <div id="multi-line-row-wrapper"> <div class="row ml-1"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-1-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any" selected>Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-1-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-1-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <div class="row ml-2"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-2-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any">Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au" selected>Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti">Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-2-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><select class="form-control multi-line-operators multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-2-op" aria-label="operator"> <option value="and" selected>AND</option> <option value="andnot">AND NOT</option> <option value="or">OR</option> </select></div> </div> <div class="row ml-3"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline multi-line"> <select class="form-control multi-line-field multi-line-selectpicker" name="ml-3-f" aria-label="field"> <option data-type="input" value="any">Anywhere</option> <option data-type="input" value="au">Authors</option> <option data-type="input" value="ti" selected>Title</option> <option data-type="input" value="py">Year</option> <option data-type="range" value="pyr">Year Range</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc">MSC</option> <option data-type="input" value="cc1">MSC Primary</option> <option data-type="input" value="so">Source / Journal</option> <option data-type="input" value="pu">Publisher</option> <option data-type="input" value="la">Language</option> <option data-type="input" value="ab">Summary / Review</option> <option data-type="input" value="rv">Reviewer</option> <option data-type="input" value="an">zbMATH ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="en">External ID</option> <option data-type="input" value="ut">Keywords</option> <option data-type="input" value="sw">Software</option> <option data-type="input" value="br">Biographic Ref</option> <option data-type="input" value="rft">Reference Text</option> <option data-type="multiselect-db" value="db">Database</option> <option data-divider="true"></option> <option data-function="remove-line" data-content='<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></span> remove line' value="any">remove line</option> </select><input name="ml-3-v" class="form-control multi-line-value multi-line-input" type="text" value="" aria-label="value"><div id="multi-line-plus"> <a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span> add line</a> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 form-inline"> <div class="form-group field checkboxes-wrapper" id="checkboxes-wrapper-test" style="visibility: hidden; position: fixed;"> <label>Document Type:</label> <div class="checkboxes"> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Articles in Journals"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="j" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Journal Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Articles in Conference Proceedings and Collected Volumes"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="a" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Collection Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for Monographs, Proceedings, Dissertations etc."> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="b" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Books </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label title="search for arXiv Preprints"> <input type="checkbox" class="form-control" value="p" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> arXiv Preprints </label> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-group field checkboxes-wrapper" id="checkboxes-wrapper-real"> <label>Document Type:</label> <div class="checkboxes"> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-j" title="search for Articles in Journals"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-j" name="dt" class="form-control" value="j" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Journal Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-a" title="search for Articles in Conference Proceedings and Collected Volumes"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-a" name="dt" class="form-control" value="a" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Collection Articles </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-b" title="search for Monographs, Proceedings, Dissertations etc."> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-b" name="dt" class="form-control" value="b" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> Books </label> </div> <div class="slider"> <label for="dt-p" title="search for arXiv Preprints"> <input type="checkbox" id="dt-p" name="dt" class="form-control" value="p" checked> <span tabindex="0"><small></small></span> arXiv Preprints </label> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 buttons"> <a tabindex="0" class="btn btn-default clear-all">Reset all <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span></a> <div class="submit"> <button class="btn btn-default search" type="submit">Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> <form class="form-inline" name="documents" method="GET" action="/"> <div class="documents one-line" style="display: block;"> <div class="forms"> <ul class="nav forms"> <li class="multi-line"><a href="#">New Multi-Line Search <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="search-row" class="input-group box"> <span> <div id="search-field"> <input class="query form-control" type="text" name="q" value="an:1358.81094" aria-label="Search for documents" placeholder="Search for documents" autocomplete="off"> </div> <div class="search-buttons input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group"> <button class="btn btn-default search" type="submit"><span class="virtual">Search</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search" style="top: 2px;"></span></button> </div> </div> </span> <span> <div class="search-buttons input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group"> <div class="btn-group fields"> <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Fields <i class="caret"></i></button> <ul id="fields" class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">any:</span><span> </span>anywhere (default)</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ab:</span><span> </span>review text</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">an:</span><span> </span>zbmath id</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">any:</span><span> </span>anywhere</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">au:</span><span> </span>contributor name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">br:</span><span> </span>biographic reference name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">cc:</span><span> </span>msc title</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">dt:</span><span> </span>document type</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">doi:</span><span> </span>doi</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">en:</span><span> </span>external id</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">la:</span><span> </span>language</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">pu:</span><span> </span>publisher</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">py:</span><span> </span>year</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">rv:</span><span> </span>reviewer name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">so:</span><span> </span>source</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">sw:</span><span> </span>software name</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ti:</span><span> </span>title</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token item">ut:</span><span> </span>keyword</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-group operators"> <button class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">Operators <i class="caret"></i></button> <ul id="operators" class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">a <span class="item">&</span> b </span><span> </span>logical and (default)</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">a <span class="item">|</span> b </span><span> </span>logical or</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">!</span>ab </span><span> </span>logical not</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token">abc<span class="item">*</span> </span><span> </span>right wildcard</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">"</span>ab c<span class="item">"</span></span><span> </span>phrase</a></li> <li><a href="#"><span class="token"><span class="item">(</span>ab c<span class="item">)</span></span><span> </span>parentheses</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="special"> <ul class="nav help-button"> <li class="dropdown pull-right"> <a href="#">Help <i class="caret"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </span> </div> <div class="help"><h2>Examples</h2> <div id="help-terms" role="table"> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Geometry">Geometry</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell" role="cell">Search for the term <em>Geometry</em> in <strong>any</strong> field. Queries are <strong>case-independent</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Funct%2A">Funct*</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell"><strong>Wildcard</strong> queries are specified by <strong><u>*</u></strong> (e.g. <em>functions</em>, <em>functorial</em>, etc.). Otherwise the search is <strong>exact</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=%22Topological+group%22">"Topological group"</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell"><strong>Phrases</strong> (multi-words) should be set in <u>"</u>straight quotation marks<u>"</u>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=au%3A+Bourbaki+%26+ti%3A+Algebra">au: Bourbaki & ti: Algebra</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Search for <strong><u>au</u>thor</strong> and <strong><u>ti</u>tle</strong>. The <strong>and-operator &</strong> is default and can be omitted.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Chebyshev+%7C+Tschebyscheff">Chebyshev | Tschebyscheff</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong>or-operator |</strong> allows to search for <em>Chebyshev</em> or <em>Tschebyscheff</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=Quasi%2A+map%2A+py%3A+1989">Quasi* map* py: 1989</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The resulting documents have <strong><u>p</u>ublication <u>y</u>ear</strong> <em>1989</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=so%3A+Eur%2A+J%2A+Mat%2A+Soc%2A+cc%3A+14">so: Eur* J* Mat* Soc* cc: 14</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Search for publications in a particular <strong><u>so</u>urce</strong> with a <strong>Mathematics Subject <u>C</u>lassification <u>c</u>ode (<u>cc</u>)</strong> in <em>14</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=%22Partial+diff%2A+eq%2A%22+%21+elliptic">"Partial diff* eq*" ! elliptic</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong>not</strong>-operator <strong>!</strong> eliminates all results containing the word <em>elliptic</em>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=dt%3A+b+%26+au%3A+Hilbert">dt: b & au: Hilbert</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">The <strong><u>d</u>ocument <u>t</u>ype</strong> is set to books; alternatively: <u>j</u> for <strong>journal articles</strong>, <u>a</u> for <strong>book articles</strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=py%3A+2000-2015+cc%3A+%2894A+%7C+11T%29">py: 2000-2015 cc: (94A | 11T)</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Number <strong>ranges</strong> are accepted. Terms can be grouped within <strong><u>(</u>parentheses<u>)</u></strong>.</span> </div> <div class="help-item" role="row"> <span class="search-example" role="rowheader"><a href="/?q=la%3A+chinese">la: chinese</a></span> <span class="search-explanation" role="cell">Find documents in a given <strong><u>la</u>nguage</strong>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1">ISO 639-1</a> language codes can also be used.</span> </div> </div> <div id="help-fields"> <h2>Fields</h2> <table> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>any</strong></td> <td class="padding">anywhere</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>an</strong></td> <td class="padding">internal document identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>au</strong></td> <td class="padding">author, editor</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ai</strong></td> <td class="padding">internal author identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ti</strong></td> <td class="padding">title</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>la</strong></td> <td class="padding">language</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>so</strong></td> <td class="padding">source</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ab</strong></td> <td class="padding">review, abstract</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>py</strong></td> <td class="padding">publication year</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>rv</strong></td> <td class="padding">reviewer</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>cc</strong></td> <td class="padding">MSC code</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>ut</strong></td> <td class="padding">uncontrolled term</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>dt</strong></td> <td class="padding" colspan="4">document type (<strong>j</strong>: journal article; <strong>b</strong>: book; <strong>a</strong>: book article)</td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="help-operators"> <h2>Operators</h2> <table> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">a <strong>&</strong> b</td> <td class="padding">logic and</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">a <strong>|</strong> b</td> <td class="padding">logic or</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>!</strong>ab</td> <td class="padding">logic not</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader">abc<strong>*</strong></td> <td class="padding">right wildcard</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>"</strong>ab c<strong>"</strong></td> <td class="padding">phrase</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap padding" role="rowheader"><strong>(</strong>ab c<strong>)</strong></td> <td class="padding">parentheses</td> </tr> </table> </div> <p> See also our <a href="/general-help/">General Help</a>. </p></div> </div> </form> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="content-shadow"></div> </div> </div> <div id="body"> <div id="main"> <div class="messages"> </div> <div id="documents"> <div class="content-main"> <div class="content-item"><div class="item"> <article> <div class="author"><a href="/authors/wang.yuqi" title="Author Profile">Wang, Yu-qi</a>; <a href="/authors/she.kun" title="Author Profile">She, Kun</a>; <a href="/authors/huang.rufen" title="Author Profile">Huang, Ru-fen</a>; <a href="/authors/ouyang.zhong" title="Author Profile">Ouyang, Zhong</a></div> <h2 class="title"> <strong>Optimal symmetric ternary quantum encryption schemes.</strong> <i>(English)</i> <a class="label nowrap" href="/1358.81094">Zbl 1358.81094</a> </h2> <div class="source"> <a href="/serials/111" title="Journal Profile">Int. J. Theor. Phys.</a> <a href="/?q=in%3A360524" title="Articles in this Issue">55, No. 11, 4709-4722 (2016)</a>. </div> <div class="abstract">Summary: In this paper, we present two definitions of the orthogonality and orthogonal rate of an encryption operator, and we provide a verification process for the former. Then, four improved ternary quantum encryption schemes are constructed. Compared with Scheme 1 (see Section 2.3), these four schemes demonstrate significant improvements in term of calculation and execution efficiency. Especially, under the premise of the orthogonal rate \(\varepsilon\) as secure parameter, Scheme 3 (see Section 4.1) shows the highest level of security among them. Through custom interpolation functions, the ternary secret key source, which is composed of the digits 0, 1 and 2, is constructed. Finally, we discuss the security of both the ternary encryption operator and the secret key source, and both of them show a high level of security and high performance in execution efficiency.</div> <div class="clear"></div> <br> <div class="citations"><div class="clear"><a href="/?q=rf%3A6697109">Cited in <strong>1</strong> Document</a></div></div> <div class="classification"> <h3>MSC:</h3> <table><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A81P94" title="MSC2020">81P94</a> </td> <td class="space"> Quantum cryptography (quantum-theoretic aspects) </td> </tr><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A94A60" title="MSC2020">94A60</a> </td> <td class="space"> Cryptography </td> </tr><tr> <td> <a class="mono" href="/classification/?q=cc%3A81P10" title="MSC2020">81P10</a> </td> <td class="space"> Logical foundations of quantum mechanics; quantum logic (quantum-theoretic aspects) </td> </tr></table> </div><div class="keywords"> <h3>Keywords:</h3><a href="/?q=ut%3Aternary+quantum+encryption">ternary quantum encryption</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Aternary+quantum+logic">ternary quantum logic</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Aorthogonal+rate">orthogonal rate</a>; <a href="/?q=ut%3Aquantum+cryptography">quantum cryptography</a></div> <!-- Modal used to show zbmath metadata in different output formats--> <div class="modal fade" id="metadataModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Cite</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="select-output" class="control-label">Format</label> <select id="select-output" class="form-control" aria-label="Select Metadata format"></select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="metadataText" class="control-label">Result</label> <textarea class="form-control" id="metadataText" rows="10" style="min-width: 100%;max-width: 100%"></textarea> </div> <div id="metadata-alert" class="alert alert-danger" role="alert" style="display: none;"> <!-- alert for connection errors etc --> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" onclick="copyMetadata()">Copy to clipboard</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="functions clearfix"> <div class="function"> <!-- Button trigger metadata modal --> <a type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-xs pdf" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#metadataModal" data-itemtype="Zbl" data-itemname="Zbl 1358.81094" data-ciurl="/ci/06697109" data-biburl="/bibtex/06697109.bib" data-amsurl="/amsrefs/06697109.bib" data-xmlurl="/xml/06697109.xml" > Cite </a> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs pdf" data-container="body" type="button" href="/pdf/06697109.pdf" title="Zbl 1358.81094 as PDF">Review PDF</a> </div> <div class="fulltexts"> <span class="fulltext">Full Text:</span> <a class="btn btn-default btn-xs" type="button" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3094-8" aria-label="DOI for “Optimal symmetric ternary quantum encryption schemes”" title="10.1007/s10773-016-3094-8">DOI</a> </div> <div class="sfx" style="float: right;"> </div> </div> <div class="references"> <h3>References:</h3> <table><tr> <td>[1]</td> <td class="space">Wiesner, S.: Conjugate coding. ACM SIGACT News 15(1), 78-88 (1983) · <a href="/0521.94003" class="nowrap">Zbl 0521.94003</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/1008908.1008920" class="nowrap">doi:10.1145/1008908.1008920</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[2]</td> <td class="space">Even, S., Goldreich, O., Lempel, A.: A randomized protocol for signing contracts. In: CRYPTO 1982. Plenum, New York (1982) · <a href="/0538.94011" class="nowrap">Zbl 0538.94011</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[3]</td> <td class="space">Rabin, M. O.: How to exchange secrets by oblivious transfer. Technical Report, Harvard Aiken Computation Lab (1981)</td> </tr><tr> <td>[4]</td> <td class="space">Fehr, S.: Quantum cryptography. Found. Phys. 40(5), 494-531 (2010) · <a href="/1190.81033" class="nowrap">Zbl 1190.81033</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-010-9408-4" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s10701-010-9408-4</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[5]</td> <td class="space">Bennett, C. H., Brassard, G., Breidbart, S., Wiesner, S.: Quantum cryptography, or unforgeable subway tokens. In: CRYPTO 1982, pp 267-275. Plenum, New York (1982)</td> </tr><tr> <td>[6]</td> <td class="space">Bennett, C. H., Brassard, G.: Quantum cryptography: public key distribution and coin tossing. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on computers, systems and signal processing, Bangalore, India, pp 175-179. IEEE Computer Society, Washington (1984) · <a href="/1306.81030" class="nowrap">Zbl 1306.81030</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[7]</td> <td class="space">Bennett, C. H.: Quantum cryptography using any two non-orthogonal states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3121-3124 (1992) · <a href="/0969.94501" class="nowrap">Zbl 0969.94501</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.3121" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.3121</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[8]</td> <td class="space">Ekert, A. K.: Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661-663 (1991) · <a href="/0990.94509" class="nowrap">Zbl 0990.94509</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.661" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.661</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[9]</td> <td class="space">Inamori, H., Lütkenhaus, N., Mayers, D.: Unconditional security of practical quantum key distribution. Eur. Phys. J. D 41(3), 599-627 (2007) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2007-00010-4" class="nowrap">doi:10.1140/epjd/e2007-00010-4</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[10]</td> <td class="space">Biham, E., Boyer, M., Oscar Boykin, P., Mor, T., Roychowdhury, V.: A proof of the security of quantum key distribution. J. Cryptol. 19(4), 381-439 (2006) · <a href="/1109.68045" class="nowrap">Zbl 1109.68045</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00145-005-0011-3" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s00145-005-0011-3</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[11]</td> <td class="space">Shor, P. W., Preskill, J.: Simple proof of security of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 441-444 (2000) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.441" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.441</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[12]</td> <td class="space">Yin, J., Ren, J. G., Lu, H., Cao, Y., Yong, H. L., et al.: Quantum teleportation and entanglement distribution over 100-kilometre free-space channels. Nature 488(7410), 185-188 (2012) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11332" class="nowrap">doi:10.1038/nature11332</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[13]</td> <td class="space">Liu, Y., Chen, T. Y., Wang, Y., Cai, W. Q., Wan, X., et al.: Decoy-state quantum key distribution with polarized photons over 200 km. Opt. Express 18(8), 8587-8594 (2010) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.008587" class="nowrap">doi:10.1364/OE.18.008587</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[14]</td> <td class="space">Wang, J. Y., Yang, B., Liao, S. K., Zhang, L., Shen, Q., et al.: Direct and full-scale experimental verifications towards ground-satellite quantum key distribution. Nat. Photonics 7(5), 387-393 (2013) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.89" class="nowrap">doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.89</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[15]</td> <td class="space">Zhang, Y. S., Li, C. F., Guo, G. C.: Quantum key distribution via quantum encryption. Phys. Rev. A 64, 024302 (2001) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.64.024302" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.64.024302</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[16]</td> <td class="space">Huang, W., Wen, Q. Y., Jia, H. Y., Qin, S. J., Gao, F.: Fault tolerant quantum secure direct communication with quantum encryption against collective noise. Chin. Phys. B 21(10), 100308-9 (2012) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/21/10/100308" class="nowrap">doi:10.1088/1674-1056/21/10/100308</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[17]</td> <td class="space">Wang, Q. L., Gao, F., Liu, B., Song, T. T., Wen, Q. Y.: Anonymous quantum communications using the quantum one-time pad. Phys. Scr. 90, 015102-6 (2015) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/90/1/015102" class="nowrap">doi:10.1088/0031-8949/90/1/015102</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[18]</td> <td class="space">Song, X. H., Niu, X. M.: Comment on: Novel image encryption/decryption based on quantum fourier transform and double phase encoding. Quantum Inf. Process 13, 1301-1304 (2014) · <a href="/1337.94072" class="nowrap">Zbl 1337.94072</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-014-0738-6" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11128-014-0738-6</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[19]</td> <td class="space">Yang, Y. G., Tian, J., Sun, S. J., Xu, P.: Quantum-assisted encryption for digital audio signals. Optik 126, 3221-3226 (2015) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.07.082" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.07.082</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[20]</td> <td class="space">Kim, T., Choi, J. W., Jho, N., Lee, S.: Quantum messages with signatures forgeable in arbitrated quantum signature schemes. Phys. Scr. 90, 025101-6 (2015) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/90/2/025101" class="nowrap">doi:10.1088/0031-8949/90/2/025101</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[21]</td> <td class="space">Li, F. G., Shi, J. H.: An arbitrated quantum signature protocol based on the chained CNOT operations encryption. Quantum Inf. Process 14, 2171-2181 (2015) · <a href="/1317.81080" class="nowrap">Zbl 1317.81080</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-015-0981-5" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11128-015-0981-5</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[22]</td> <td class="space">Ye, T. Y.: Quantum Secure Dialogue with Quantum Encryption. Commun. Theor. Phys. 62, 338-342 (2014) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0253-6102/62/3/08" class="nowrap">doi:10.1088/0253-6102/62/3/08</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[23]</td> <td class="space">Yin, A. H., Tang, A. H., Chen, D.: Efficient quantum dialogue without information leakage. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 29(05), 1550018-9 (2015) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217984915500189" class="nowrap">doi:10.1142/S0217984915500189</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[24]</td> <td class="space">Boykin, P. O., Roychowdhury, V.: Optimal encryption of quantum bits. Phys. Rev. A 67, 042317 (2003) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.67.042317" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.67.042317</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[25]</td> <td class="space">Brandao, F. G. S. L., Oppenheim, J.: Quantum One-Time Pad in the Presence of an Eavesdropper. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 040504-5 (2012) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.040504" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.040504</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[26]</td> <td class="space">Nikolopoulos, G. M.: Applications of single-qubit rotations in quantum public-key cryptography. Phys. Rev. A 77, 032348-7 (2008) · <a href="/1255.81126" class="nowrap">Zbl 1255.81126</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.77.032348" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.77.032348</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[27]</td> <td class="space">Liang, M., Yang, L.: Public-key encryption and authentication of quantum information. Science China Physics Mechanics & Astronomy 55(9), 1618-1629 (2012) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-011-4806-y" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11433-011-4806-y</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[28]</td> <td class="space">Zheng, S. H., Gu, L. Z., Xiao, D.: Bit-oriented quantum public key probabilistic encryption schemes. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 53, 116-124 (2014) · <a href="/1284.81097" class="nowrap">Zbl 1284.81097</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-013-1789-7" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s10773-013-1789-7</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[29]</td> <td class="space">Yang, L., Liang, M.: Quantum McEliece public-key encryption scheme. arXiv:1501.04895</td> </tr><tr> <td>[30]</td> <td class="space">Yu, L., Pėrez-Delgado, C. A., Fitzsimons, J. F.: Limitations on information-theoretically-secure quantum homomorphic encryption. Phys. Rev. A 90, 050303(R)-5 (2014) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.90.050303" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.90.050303</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[31]</td> <td class="space">Fisher, K. A. G., Broadbent, A., Shalm, L. K., Yan, Z., Lavoie, J., et al.: Quantum computing on encrypted data. Nat. Commun. 5, 3074-16 (2014) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4074" class="nowrap">doi:10.1038/ncomms4074</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[32]</td> <td class="space">Liang, M.: Symmetric quantum fully homomorphic encryption with perfect security. Quantum Inf. Process 12, 3675-3687 (2012) · <a href="/1303.81062" class="nowrap">Zbl 1303.81062</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-013-0626-5" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11128-013-0626-5</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[33]</td> <td class="space">Liang, M.: Quantum fully homomorphic encryption scheme based on universal quantum circuit. Quantum Inf. Process 8, 2749-2759 (2015) · <a href="/1327.81163" class="nowrap">Zbl 1327.81163</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-015-1034-9" class="nowrap">doi:10.1007/s11128-015-1034-9</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[34]</td> <td class="space">Muthukrishnan, A., Stroud, C. R.: Multivalued logic gates for quantum computation. Phys. Rev. A 62, 052309 (2006) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.62.052309" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.62.052309</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[35]</td> <td class="space">Di, Y. M., Wei, H. R.: Synthesis of multivalued quantum logic circuits by elementary gates. Phys. Rev. A 87, 012325-8 (2013) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.87.012325" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.87.012325</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[36]</td> <td class="space">Arnault, F., Amblard, Z.: A qutrit Quantum Key Distribution protocol with better noise resistance. arXiv:1404.4199</td> </tr><tr> <td>[37]</td> <td class="space">Kulik, S. P., Molotkov, S. N., Radchenko, I. V.: Quantum Key Distribution on Composite Photons, Polarization Qutrits. JETP Lett. 96(5), 336-341 (2012) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364012170080" class="nowrap">doi:10.1134/S0021364012170080</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[38]</td> <td class="space">Nisbet-Jones, P. B. R., Dilley, J., Holleczek, A., Barter, O., Kuhn, A.: Photonic qubits, qutrits and ququads accurately prepared and delivered on demand. New J. Phys. 15, 053007-11 (2013) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/5/053007" class="nowrap">doi:10.1088/1367-2630/15/5/053007</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[39]</td> <td class="space">Ahrens, J., Amselem, E., Cabello, A., Bourennane, M.: Two Fundamental Experimental Tests of Nonclassicality with Qutrits. Scientific Reports 3, 1-5 (2013) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep02170" class="nowrap">doi:10.1038/srep02170</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[40]</td> <td class="space">Mal, S., Pramanik, T., Majumdar, A. S.: Detecting mixedness of qutrit systems using the uncertainty relation. Phys. Rev. A 87, 012105 (2013) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.87.012105" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.87.012105</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[41]</td> <td class="space">Fonseca, E. A., Parisio, F.: Measure of nonlocality which is maximal for maximally entangled qutrits. Phys. Rev. A 92, 030101(R) (2015) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.92.030101" class="nowrap">doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.92.030101</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[42]</td> <td class="space">Zhan, Y. B., Zhang, L. L, Zhang, Q. Y.: Quantum secure direct communication by entangled qutrits and entanglement swapping. Opt. Commun. 282, 4633-4636 (2009) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2009.08.024" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2009.08.024</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[43]</td> <td class="space">Qin, S. J., Gao, F., Wen, Q. Y., Zhu, F. C.: Improving the quantum secure direct communication by entangled qutrits and entanglement swapping against intercept-and-resend attack. Opt. Commun. 283, 1566-1568 (2010) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2009.11.087" class="nowrap">doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2009.11.087</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[44]</td> <td class="space">Wang, Y. Q., She, K., Luo, Q. B., Yang, F., Zhao, C.: Symmetric weak ternary quantum homomorphic encryption schemes. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 30(7), 1650076 (2016) · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217984916500767" class="nowrap">doi:10.1142/S0217984916500767</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[45]</td> <td class="space">Nielsen, M. A., Chuang, I. L.: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information (10th Anniversary edition), 76th edn. Cambridge University Press (2010) · <a href="/1288.81001" class="nowrap">Zbl 1288.81001</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[46]</td> <td class="space">Peres, A.: Quantum Theory: Concepts and Methods, vol. 126. Kluwer Academik, Dordrecht (1993) · <a href="/0820.00011" class="nowrap">Zbl 0820.00011</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[47]</td> <td class="space">Shannon, C. E.: Communication theory of secrecy systems. Bell Sys. Tech. J. 28 (4), 656-715 (1949) · <a href="/1200.94005" class="nowrap">Zbl 1200.94005</a> · <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1949.tb00928.x" class="nowrap">doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1949.tb00928.x</a></td> </tr><tr> <td>[48]</td> <td class="space">Wang, Y. Q., She, K.: Quantum key distribution protocol based on retransmission mechanis. Comput. Eng. Des. 11, 2938-2942+3009 (in Chinese) (2015)</td> </tr></table> <div class="reference_disclaimer"> This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching. </div> </div></article> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> <div id="foot"><div class="copyright"> © 2025 <a target="fiz" href="https://www.fiz-karlsruhe.de/en">FIZ Karlsruhe GmbH</a> <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="/legal-notices/">Legal Notices</a> <a href="/terms-conditions/">Terms & Conditions</a> <div class="info"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="mastodon"> <a href="https://mathstodon.xyz/@zbMATH" target="_blank" class="no-new-tab-icon"> <img src="/static/mastodon.png" title="zbMATH at Mathstodon (opens in new tab)" alt="Mastodon logo"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix" style="height: 0px;"></div> </div> </div> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/jquery-caret/1.5.2/jquery.caret.min.js"></script> <script src="/static/js/jquery-ui-1.10.1.custom.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap/v3.3.7zb1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-lightbox/v0.7.0/bootstrap-lightbox.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/retina/unknown/retina.js"></script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/bootstrap-select/v1.13.14/js/bootstrap-select.min.js"></script> <script> var SCRIPT_ROOT = ""; </script> <script src="/static/scripts.js?v=20240926"> </script> <script src="https://static.zbmath.org/contrib/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ "HTML-CSS": { preferredFont: "TeX", availableFonts: [ "STIX", "TeX" ], linebreaks: { automatic: true }, EqnChunk: (MathJax.Hub.Browser.isMobile ? 10 : 50) }, tex2jax: { processEscapes: true, ignoreClass: "tex2jax_ignore|dno" }, TeX: { Macros: { Aut: "\\operatorname{Aut}", Hom: "\\operatorname{Hom}" }, noUndefined: { attributes: { mathcolor: "#039", //"red", mathbackground: "white", //"#FFEEEE", mathsize: "90%" } } }, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#MathInput").stop(true, true).keyup(function() { $.ajax({ url: "/mwsq/", type: "POST", data: { query : $("#MathInput").val() }, dataType: "text" }) .done(function(xml) { $("#MathPreview").html(xml); $(window).resize(); }); }); var press = jQuery.Event("keyup"); press.ctrlKey = false; press.which = 40; $("#MathInput").trigger(press); }); </script> <div id="new_tab_icon" style="display: none"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-new-window" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="sr-only">(opens in new tab)</span></div> </body> </html>