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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">хумих</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Эхлэл</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Эрдсийн_тодорхойлолт_ба_ангилал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эрдсийн_тодорхойлолт_ба_ангилал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Эрдсийн тодорхойлолт ба ангилал</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Эрдсийн_тодорхойлолт_ба_ангилал-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Эрдсийн тодорхойлолт ба ангилал хэсгийг нээж хаах</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Эрдсийн_тодорхойлолт_ба_ангилал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Эрдэс_болон_чулуулаг_(чулуу),_тэдгээрийн_ялгаа" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эрдэс_болон_чулуулаг_(чулуу),_тэдгээрийн_ялгаа"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Эрдэс болон чулуулаг (чулуу), тэдгээрийн ялгаа</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эрдэс_болон_чулуулаг_(чулуу),_тэдгээрийн_ялгаа-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эрдэсийн_физик_шинж" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эрдэсийн_физик_шинж"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Эрдэсийн физик шинж</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эрдэсийн_физик_шинж-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эрдсийн_химийн_найрлага" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эрдсийн_химийн_найрлага"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Эрдсийн химийн найрлага</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эрдсийн_химийн_найрлага-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Силикатын_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Силикатын_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Силикатын бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Силикатын_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Карбонатын_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Карбонатын_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Карбонатын бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Карбонатын_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Сульфатын_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сульфатын_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Сульфатын бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сульфатын_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Галидын_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Галидын_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Галидын бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Галидын_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ислийн_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ислийн_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>Ислийн бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ислийн_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Сульфидын_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сульфидын_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.6</span> <span>Сульфидын бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сульфидын_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Фосфатын_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Фосфатын_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.7</span> <span>Фосфатын бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Фосфатын_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дан_элемент" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дан_элемент"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.8</span> <span>Дан элемент</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Дан_элемент-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Органикийн_бүлэг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Органикийн_бүлэг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.9</span> <span>Органикийн бүлэг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Органикийн_бүлэг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Мөн_үзэх" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Мөн_үзэх"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Мөн үзэх</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Мөн_үзэх-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Цахим_холбоос" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цахим_холбоос"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Цахим холбоос</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цахим_холбоос-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эшлэл" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эшлэл"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Эшлэл</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эшлэл-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Гарчиг" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Гарчигийг нээж хаах" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Гарчигийг нээж хаах</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Эрдэс</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 139 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 хэлээр</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – швейцари-герман" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцари-герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – арагон" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – ангик" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86" title="معدن – араб" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معدن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="খনিজ পদাৰ্থ – ассам" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="খনিজ পদাৰ্থ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – астури" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астури" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – авар" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="авар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – авадхи" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – азербайжан" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайжан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87" title="معدنی ماده – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="معدنی ماده" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – башкир" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкир" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerals" title="Minerals – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Minerals" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мінерал – беларусь" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мінерал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мінэрал – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мінэрал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – болгар" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C" title="খনিজ – бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খনিজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad – бретон" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maenad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="онцлох өгүүлэл"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – босни" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босни" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – каталан" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%99_%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%B3%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%85" title="ᎦᏙ ᏂᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ – чероки" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏙ ᏂᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="чероки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="کانزایی – төв курд" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کانزایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="төв курд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C3%A1l" title="Minerál – чех" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Minerál" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – чуваш" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чуваш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwyn" title="Mwyn – уэльс" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mwyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уэльс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – дани" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – герман" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Ορυκτό – грек" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορυκτό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – англи" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralo" title="Mineralo – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mineralo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – эстони" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – баск" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کانی – перс" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="перс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraali" title="Mineraali – фин" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mineraali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%A9ral" title="Minéral – франц" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Minéral" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франц" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – хойд фриз" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="хойд фриз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – баруун фриз" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="баруун фриз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mianra" title="Mianra – ирланд" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mianra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%A9ral" title="Minéral – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Minéral" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – галего" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галего" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27ehekove%27%E1%BB%B9va" title="Mba'ehekove'ỹva – гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'ehekove'ỹva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%9C" title="מינרל – еврей" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מינרל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="еврей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerali" title="Minerali – хорват" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Minerali" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Гаитийн креол" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Гаитийн креол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sv%C3%A1ny_(anyag)" title="Ásvány (anyag) – мажар" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ásvány (anyag)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мажар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Միներալ – армен" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միներալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – интерлингво" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингво" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale – нэгдмэл хэл" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Minerale" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="нэгдмэл хэл" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralo" title="Mineralo – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mineralo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steind" title="Steind – исланд" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Steind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale – итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minerale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%B1%E7%89%A9" title="鉱物 – япон" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鉱物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaral" title="Minaral – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Minaral" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – ява" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ява" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მინერალები – гүрж" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მინერალები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гүрж" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91%C9%A9%C9%A3l%C9%A9m_t%C9%9Bt%CA%8A" title="Ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – казах" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казах" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C" title="ಖನಿಜ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖನಿಜ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EB%AC%BC" title="광물 – солонгос" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="солонгос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – киргиз" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale – латин" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Minerale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraj" title="Mineraj – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mineraj" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AE%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ແຮ່ທາດ – лаос" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແຮ່ທາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralas" title="Mineralas – литва" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mineralas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C4%81ls" title="Minerāls – латви" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Minerāls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латви" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – май" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="май" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraly" title="Mineraly – малагаси" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mineraly" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – македон" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81" title="ധാതു – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ധാതു" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – малай" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – меранди" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="меранди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%BD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="တွင်းထွက်ပစ္စည်း – бирм" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တွင်းထွက်ပစ္စည်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирм" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – доод герман" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="доод герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – балба" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="балба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – невари" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="невари" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal_(geologie)" title="Mineraal (geologie) – нидерланд" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mineraal (geologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – норвегийн нинорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвегийн нинорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – норвегийн букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегийн букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerau" title="Minerau – окситан" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Minerau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C" title="ਖਣਿਜ – панжаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖਣਿਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панжаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minera%C5%82" title="Minerał – польш" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minerał" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="معدنیات – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="معدنیات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84" title="منرال – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منرال" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – португал" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiqlla" title="Qiqlla – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qiqlla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – румын" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralu" title="Mineralu – ароманы" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Mineralu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="ароманы" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – орос" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Мінералы – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мінералы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%83" title="खानिजः – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="खानिजः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minirali" title="Minirali – сицил" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Minirali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeneral" title="Meeneral – шотланд" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Meeneral" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerali" title="Minerali – хорватын серб" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Minerali" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="хорватын серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C9%A3uz" title="Amɣuz – тачелхит" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Amɣuz" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="тачелхит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9B%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A2" title="ඛනිජ – синхала" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඛනිජ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C3%A1l" title="Minerál – словак" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Minerál" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – словени" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словени" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muchegwa" title="Muchegwa – шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muchegwa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macdan" title="Macdan – сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Macdan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerali" title="Minerali – албани" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Minerali" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – серб" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – сундан" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – швед" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madini" title="Madini – свахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Madini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="свахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/si%27elac" title="si'elac – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="si'elac" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கனிமம் – тамил" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கனிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/bblbaliq" title="bblbaliq – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="bblbaliq" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8A" title="ಕನಿಜೊ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕನಿಜೊ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="ఖనిజం – тэлүгү" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖనిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлүгү" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88" title="แร่ – тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แร่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – турк" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мінерал – украин" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мінерал" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86" title="معدن – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معدن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – узбек" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kho%C3%A1ng_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Khoáng vật – вьетнам" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoáng vật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物 – хятад, ву хэл" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="礦物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="хятад, ву хэл" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izimbiwa" title="Izimbiwa – хоса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Izimbiwa" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="хоса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C" title="מינעראל – иддиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מינעראל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="иддиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gvangvuz" title="Gvangvuz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gvangvuz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物 – хятад" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="礦物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хятад" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B2ng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Khòng-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khòng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物 – кантон" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="礦物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMbiwa" title="IMbiwa – зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IMbiwa" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7946#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Өөр хэлтэй холбосныг засах" class="wbc-editpage">Холбоос засах</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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> <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Хэрэглүүр</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">хумих</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Үйлдэл </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81"><span>Унших</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit" title="Энэ хуудсыг VisualEditor-р засварлах [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Засварлах</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодоор засварлах</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=history"><span>Түүх</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ерөнхий </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:WhatLinksHere/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Энд холбогдсон вики хуудсууд [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Энд холбогдсон хуудас</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81" rel="nofollow" title="Энэ хуудаснаас линк хийгдсэн хуудсуудын шинэ өөрчлөлтүүд [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Холбогдох өөрчлөлт</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mn" title="Зураг буюу медиа файлыг аплоуд хийх [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл оруулах</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:SpecialPages" title="Тусгай хуудаснуудын жагсаалт [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Тусгай хуудаснууд</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&oldid=729253" title="Хуудасны одоогийн хувилбар луу очих тогтмол линк"><span>Байнгын холбоос</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Хуудасны мэдээлэл</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&id=729253&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Энэ хуудсыг хэрхэн эшлэх тухай мэдээлэл"><span>Эндээс эш татах</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AD%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D1%258D%25D1%2581"><span>Богино URL үүсгэх</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AD%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D1%258D%25D1%2581"><span>QR код татаж авах</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Хэвлэх/Экспортлох </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81"><span>Ном руу хувиргах</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF хэлбэрээр татаж авах</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&printable=yes" title="Энэ хуудасны хувилж болох хувилбар [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Хэвлэх хувилбар</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Бусад төсөл </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mineral" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7946" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викидата руух холбоос</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">хумих</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедиа — Чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толь</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Minerals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Minerals.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="181" /></a><figcaption>Зарим эрдсүүд</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Эрдэс</b> нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Дэлхийн царцдас">дэлхийн царцдаст</a>, төрөл бүрийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Геологи">геологийн</a> процессийн үр дүнд үүсдэг, тодорхой <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими">химийн</a> найрлагатай, тодорхой эрэмбэлэгдсэн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оронт торны бүтэц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">оронт торны бүтэцтэй</a>, байгалийн биетийг хэлнэ. Эрдэсийг судалдаг шинжлэх ухааны салбарыг <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Эрдэс судлал">Эрдэс судлал</a> (Минералоги) гэнэ. Одоогийн байдлаар 4,000 гаруй эрдэс нээгдээд байгаа бөгөөд эдгээрийн 150 нь өргөн, 50 нь харьцангуй өргөн тархалттай, бусад нь ховор болон маш ховор тохиолдоно. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эрдсийн_тодорхойлолт_ба_ангилал"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.80.D0.B4.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.B9.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.82_.D0.B1.D0.B0_.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Эрдсийн тодорхойлолт ба ангилал</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Эрдсийн тодорхойлолт ба ангилал" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Эрдсийн тодорхойлолт ба ангилал"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Жинхэнэ" эрдэс гэдэг нь хатуу, оронт торны бүтэцтэй нэгдлийг хэлэх ба уламжлалт тодорхойлолтоор бол "органик гаралтай" материалыг эрдэст хамруулдаггүй байсан байна. 1995 оны Олон Улсын Эрдэс судлалын холбоо: </p> <dl><dd><i>Эрдэс гэдэг нь жирийн тохиолдолд талст бүтэцтэй, геологийн процессоор үүссэн, химийн нэгдэл эсвэл элементийг хэлнэ</i><sup id="cite_ref-Nickel_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nickel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> гэж тодорхойлжээ.</dd></dl> <p>Орчин үеийн эрдсийн ангилал нь <i>органик бүлгийн</i> эрдэсийг өөртөө багтаадаг байна<sup id="cite_ref-Dana_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dana-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Strunz_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strunz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Эрдэс_болон_чулуулаг_(чулуу),_тэдгээрийн_ялгаа"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.80.D0.B4.D1.8D.D1.81_.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.BD_.D1.87.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.83.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B3_.28.D1.87.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.83.D1.83.29.2C_.D1.82.D1.8D.D0.B4.D0.B3.D1.8D.D1.8D.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D1.8F.D0.BB.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.B0"></span>Эрдэс болон чулуулаг (чулуу), тэдгээрийн ялгаа</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Эрдэс болон чулуулаг (чулуу), тэдгээрийн ялгаа" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Эрдэс болон чулуулаг (чулуу), тэдгээрийн ялгаа"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Эрдэс нь байгальд орших, тодорхой химийн найрлагатай, оронт торны бүтэцтэй, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Органик бус (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">органик бус</a>, хатуу биет юм. Харин нэг юм уу, хэд хэдэн эрдсийн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Агрегат (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">агрегат</a> нийлж чулуулаг (чулуу) үүсгэнэ. <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Дэлхий">Дэлхийн</a> өнгөн хэсгийн хатуу бүрхүүл болох <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Дэлхийн царцдас">царцдас</a> нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кварц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">кварц</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хээрийн жонш (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хээрийн жонш</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гялтгануур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">гялтгануур</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хлорит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хлорит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каолин (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">каолин</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кальцит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">кальцит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эпидот (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">эпидот</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Оливин">оливин</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Авгит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">авгит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эвэрхуурмаг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">эвэрхуурмаг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнетит">магнетит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гематит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">гематит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лимонит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">лимонит</a> зэрэг эрдсээс бүрдэнэ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Эрдэсийн_физик_шинж"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.80.D0.B4.D1.8D.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA_.D1.88.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B6"></span>Эрдэсийн физик шинж</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Эрдэсийн физик шинж" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Эрдэсийн физик шинж"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Talc_block.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Talc_block.jpg/100px-Talc_block.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Talc_block.jpg/150px-Talc_block.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Talc_block.jpg/200px-Talc_block.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ta%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taльк (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Taльк</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Rough_diamond.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Rough_diamond.jpg/100px-Rough_diamond.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Rough_diamond.jpg/150px-Rough_diamond.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Rough_diamond.jpg/200px-Rough_diamond.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="271" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Алмааз">Алмааз</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Хатуулаг">Хатуулаг</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Моссын шатлал">Моссын шатлалаар</a> 1-ээс 10 хүртэл хэмжээсээр хэмжигдэнэ. <ul><li>Моccийн шатлал:</li></ul></li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ta%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taнар (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Taнар </a> Mg<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%A9" title="Гөлтгөнө">Гөлтгөнө </a> CaSO<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кальцит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кальцит</a> CaCO<sub>3</sub></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%88" title="Хайлуур жонш">Хайлуур жонш</a> CaF<sub>2</sub></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апатит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Апатит</a> Ca<sub>5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(OH,Cl,F)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хээрийн жонш (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хээрийн жонш </a> KAlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кварц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кварц</a> SiO<sub>2</sub></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Молор (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Молор </a> Al<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>(OH,F)<sub>2</sub></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бадмаараг (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Бадмаараг </a> Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Алмааз">Алмааз</a> C (цэвэр <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Нүүрстөрөгч">нүүрстөрөгч</a>)</li></ol> <ul><li><i>Гялга</i>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Металл гялга (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Металл гялга</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хагас металл гялга (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хагас металл гялга</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алмаазан гялга (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Алмаазан гялга</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шилэн гялга (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Шилэн гялга</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тосон гялга (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Тосон гялга</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Өнгө</i> нь ойсон эсвэл нэвтэрсэн гэрэл дэх эрдсийн үзэгдэх байдлаар тодорхойлогдоно.</li> <li><i>Зураасны өнгө</i> нь эрдсийг тусгай бэлдсэн "шаазан" дээр зурахад үлдэх өнгөөр тодорхойлогдоно (Эрдсийн нунтаг байдал дахь өнгө). Энэ өнгө эрдсийн өөрийнх нь өнгөтэй тохирохгүй тохиолдол байна.</li> <li><i>Хуваагдал</i> нь эрдсийн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оронт торны бүтэц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">оронт торны бүтэц</a> гадны хүчний нөлөөгөөр хэрхэн эвдэрч буйгаар тодорхойлно.</li> <li><i>Хувийн жин</i> (нягт) нь тухайн эрдсийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81" title="Масс">массыг</a> түүнтэй ижил масстай усны эзэлхүүнтэй харьцуулж тодорхойлсныг хэлнэ. Ихэнхи чулуулаг үүсгэгч эрдсүүдийн хувийн жин 2.5 - 3.5 байх ба цөөн тооны эрдэс үүнээс илүү эсвэл бага байна.</li> <li>Бусад шинжүүдэд: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Флуоресценц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Флуоресценц</a> (хэт ягаан туяанд үзэгдэх шинж), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Магнетизм (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">магнетизм</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цацраг идэвхит шинж (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">цацраг идэвхит шинж</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пьезоцахилгаан (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">пьезоцахилгаан</a> шинж зэрэг багтана.</li></ul> <p>Эдгээр шинж чанар дээр тулгуурлан эрдсийг хээрийн нөхцөлд хялбарханаар тодорхойлж болно. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Эрдсийн_химийн_найрлага"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.80.D0.B4.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.B9.D1.80.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.B0"></span>Эрдсийн химийн найрлага</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Эрдсийн химийн найрлага" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Эрдсийн химийн найрлага"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Эрдсийг химийн найрлага дээр нь тулгуурлан тодорхойлно. Доор үзүүлсэн ангилал нь Жеймс Данагийн ангилал бөгөөд эрдсийн бүлгийн дараалалыг дэлхийн царцдас дахь тархалтаар нь жагсаасан болно<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Силикатын_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Силикатын бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Силикатын бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Силикатын бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Quartz_oisan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Quartz_oisan.jpg/220px-Quartz_oisan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Quartz_oisan.jpg/330px-Quartz_oisan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Quartz_oisan.jpg/440px-Quartz_oisan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4004" data-file-height="4031" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кварц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Кварц</a></figcaption></figure> <p>800 гаруй эрдсийг багтаасан хамгийн том бүлэг. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Литосфер (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Литосферын</a> 90%-г энэ бүлгийн эрдсүүд бүрдүүлдэг. Силикатуудыг бүрдүүлэгч үндсэн химийн элементүүдэд Si, O, Al, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Mg, Mn, Ca, Na, K зэрэг багтана. Силикатын бүлгийн эдсүүд нь чулуулаг үүсгэгч эрдсүүд бөгөөд, уулын чулуулагийн дийлэнхийг бүрдүүлэгч <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хээрийн жонш (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хээрийн жоншууд</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кварц (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">кварцууд</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Оливин">оливинууд</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пироксен (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">пироксенууд</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Амфибол (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">амфиболууд</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гранат (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">гранатууд</a> энэ бүлэгт багтдаг. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Карбонатын_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Карбонатын бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Карбонатын бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Карбонатын бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Карбонат эрдсүүд</b> нь (CO<sub>3</sub>)<sup>2-</sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Анион (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">анион</a> агуулсан <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кальцит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">кальцит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арагонит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">арагонит</a> (кальцийн карбонатууд), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Доломит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">доломит</a> (магни/кальцийн карбонат) эрдсүүд юм. Карбонатууд нь органик болон органик бус гаралтай ба хар бараан өнгөтэй байж болно. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Сульфатын_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.84.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Сульфатын бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Сульфатын бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Сульфатын бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Сульфат</b> нь SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> буюу сульфатын анион агуулах ба ихэнхидээ өндөр давсжилттай ус уурших явцад галитын бүлгийн эрдсүүдтэй хамт ус ба чулуулгийн харилцан үйлчлэлийн үр дүнд үүснэ. Мөн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гидротермаль орд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">гидротермаль судлын ордуудад</a> сульфидын хүдрийн эрдсүүдтэй хамт үүснэ. Үүнээс гадна сульфидын эрдсүүдийн хоёрдогч өөрчлөлтөөр (исэлдэлт) үүсэж болно. Энэ бүлгийн түгээмэл эрдсүүд нь ангидрит, (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Кальци">кальцийн</a> сульфат), целестин (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Стронци">стронцийн</a> сульфат), барит (<a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Бари">барийн</a> сульфат), <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Гипс">гипс</a> зэрэг болно. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Галидын_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Галидын бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Галидын бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Галидын бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Selpologne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Selpologne.jpg/220px-Selpologne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Selpologne.jpg/330px-Selpologne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Selpologne.jpg/440px-Selpologne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3780" data-file-height="3582" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Галит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Галит</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Галидын</b> бүлгийн эрдсүүд нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Галогенууд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">галогенуудыг</a> (фтор, хлор, иод, бром) нэгдэлдээ агуулдаг. Эдгээр эрдсүүд нь ихэвчлэн зөөлөн, бутрамхай, усанд уусдаг. Энэ бүлэгт <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%88" title="Хайлуур жонш">флюорит</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Галит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">галит</a> зэрэг багтана. Галит нь сульфаттай адил халуун, хуурай нөхцөлд үүсэх ба орчин үеийн жишээ нь <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%A9%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сөнөсөн тэнгис">Сөнөсөн тэнгис</a> ба <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Давст нуур (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Давст нуур</a> болно. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ислийн_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Ислийн бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Ислийн бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Ислийн бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Ислүүд</b> нь эдийн засгийн хувьд ихээхэн ач холбогдолтой бөгөөд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ашигт малтмал (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ашигт малтмалын</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Хүдэр">хүдэр</a> үүсгэнэ. Мөн эдгээр эрдсүүдээр <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэлхийн соронзон орон (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Дэлхийн соронзон орны</a> өөрчлөлтийг тодорхойлно. Эдгээр эрдсүүд нь Дэлхийн газрын гадаргууд ойр, <a href="/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%B3%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Өгөршил">өгөршлийн</a> бүсэд, бусад эрдсийн исэлдлийн үр дүнд үүсдэг. Гол ислийн бүлгийн эрдсүүдэд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гематит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">гематит</a> (төмрийн исэл), <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Магнетит">магнетит</a> (төмрийн исэл), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хромит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">хромит</a> (төмөр, хромын исэл), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шпинель (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">шпинель</a> (магни, хөнгөнцагааны исэл - <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Манти">мантийн</a> гол бүрэлдэхүүн), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ильменит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">ильменит</a> (төмөр, титаны исэл), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рутиль (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">рутиль</a> (титаны хоёрч исэл), <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D1%81" title="Мөс">мөс</a> зэрэг болно. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Сульфидын_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Сульфидын бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Сульфидын бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Сульфидын бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Сульфидууд</b> нь мөн эдийн засгийн ач холбогдолтой эрдсүүд юм. Гол сульфидуудад <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Пирит">пирит</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Төмрийн сульфид (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">төмрийн сульфид</a>), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Халькопирит">халькопирит</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Зэс">зэс</a>, төмрийн сульфид), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пентландит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">пентландит</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Никель">никель</a>, төмрийн сульфид), <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Галенит">галенит</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Хар тугалга">хар тугалганы</a> сульфид) зэрэг багтана. Ямарваа нэгэн метал хүхэртэй нэгдсэн нэгдлийг сульфид гэнэ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Фосфатын_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.84.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Фосфатын бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Фосфатын бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Фосфатын бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Фосфатын</b> бүлэг нь "A"O<sub>4</sub> гэсэн тетраэдр нэгжийг агуулна. "A"-д <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор">фосфор</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сурьма">сурьма</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Хүнцэл">хүнцэл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Ванади">ванади</a> зэрэг элемент байж болно. Энэ бүлгийн гол эрдэс нь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апатит (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">апатит</a> юм. Апатит нь биологийн эрдэс бөгөөд амьтны яс ба шүдэнд агуулагдана. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Дан_элемент"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D1.8D.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82"></span>Дан элемент</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Дан элемент" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Дан элемент"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Энэ бүлэгт <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Алт">алт</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D3%A9_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Мөнгө (химийн элемент)">мөнгө</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Зэс">зэс</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сурьма">сурьма</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бал чулуу (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">бал чулуу</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Хүхэр">хүхэр</a> зэрэг байгаль дээр дангаараа тохиолддог эрдсүүд багтана. Мөн байгалийн хальшууд бас багтана. Жишээлбэл, алт ба мөнгөний байгалийн хайлш болох электрум юм. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Органикийн_бүлэг"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.80.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.B3"></span>Органикийн бүлэг</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Органикийн бүлэг" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Органикийн бүлэг"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Энэ бүлэгт <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Биологи">биологийн</a> гаралтай, геологийн процессоор үүссэн эрдсүүд<sup id="cite_ref-Nickel_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nickel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> болох оксалат, миллит, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Нүүрсустөрөгч">нүүрсустөрөгч</a> зэрэг байна<sup id="cite_ref-Dana_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dana-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Энэ бүлгийн зарим эрдсүүд нь вевеллит, меллит зэрэг юм. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Мөн_үзэх"><span id=".D0.9C.D3.A9.D0.BD_.D2.AF.D0.B7.D1.8D.D1.85"></span>Мөн үзэх</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Мөн үзэх" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Мөн үзэх"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%AE%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Үнэт чулуу (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Үнэт чулуу</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хүдрийн эрдсүүд (ийм хуудас байхгүй)">Хүдрийн эрдсүүд</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Хүдэр">Хүдэр</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83" title="Чулуу">Чулуу</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Цахим_холбоос"><span id=".D0.A6.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.BC_.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BE.D1.81"></span>Цахим холбоос</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Цахим холбоос" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Цахим холбоос"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Minerals">Commons: Эрдэс</a></span></b> – Викимедиа зураг, бичлэг, дууны сан</div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mineral?uselang=⧼Lang⧽">Commons: Эрдэс (цагаан толгойн үсгээр жагсаасан жагсаалт)</a></span></b> – Викимедиа дуу дүрсний сан</div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent; position:relative"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://mn.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Wiktionary"><img alt="Wiktionary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/16px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/24px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/32px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a><figcaption>Wiktionary</figcaption></figure> </td> <td align="left"><b><a href="https://mn.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81" class="extiw" title="wikt:Эрдэс">Wiktionary: Эрдэс</a></b> – Энэ үгийг тайлбар толиос харна уу </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mindat.org">Mindat mineralogical database</a>, largest mineral database on the Internet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эшлэл"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.88.D0.BB.D1.8D.D0.BB"></span>Эшлэл</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Хэсгийг засварлах: Эшлэл" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Эшлэл"><span>кодоор засварлах</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r791159">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Nickel-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nickel_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nickel_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.minsocam.org/msa/ima/ima98(04).pdf">http://www.minsocam.org/msa/ima/ima98(04).pdf</a> Ernest H. Nickel, 1995, <i>The definition of a mineral</i>, The Canadian Mineralogist, vol. 33, pp. 689 - 690</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dana-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dana_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dana_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mindat.org/dana.php?a=50">http://www.mindat.org/dana.php?a=50</a> Dana Classification 8th edition - ORGANIC COMPOUNDS</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strunz-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Strunz_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mindat.org/strunz.php?a=9">http://www.mindat.org/strunz.php?a=9</a> Strunz Classification - Organic Compounds</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.minerals.net/mineral/sort-met.hod/dana/dana.htm">http://www.minerals.net/mineral/sort-met.hod/dana/dana.htm</a> Dana classification - Minerals.net</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Эрдэс&oldid=729253">https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Эрдэс&oldid=729253</a>"-с авсан</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:Categories" title="Тусгай:Categories">Ангилал</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Ангилал:Эрдэс">Эрдэс</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A3%D1%83%D0%BB_%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Ангилал:Уул уурхай түүхий эдээр">Уул уурхай түүхий эдээр</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Энэ хуудсыг хамгийн сүүлд өөрчилсөн нь 07:31, 2 Тавдугаар сар 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Тус хуудасны текстийг <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike лицензийн</a> дагуу ашиглах боломжтой; 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