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the Patriarchate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History_of_the_Patriarchate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Revival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Split_of_the_Syriac_Catholic_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Split_of_the_Syriac_Catholic_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Split of the Syriac Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Split_of_the_Syriac_Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecution_and_Modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecution_and_Modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Persecution and Modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecution_and_Modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Authority_of_the_Patriarch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authority_of_the_Patriarch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Authority of the Patriarch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authority_of_the_Patriarch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Requirements_and_Restrictions_for_the_Patriarch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Requirements_and_Restrictions_for_the_Patriarch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Requirements and Restrictions for the Patriarch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Requirements_and_Restrictions_for_the_Patriarch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Titles_of_the_Patriarch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Titles_of_the_Patriarch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Titles of the Patriarch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Titles_of_the_Patriarch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the office. For a list of holders, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch">List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%"><div class="fn org" style="display:inline;font-size: 125%">Patriarch of Antioch</div><br /><i><div class="nickname" style="display:inline;font-family: serif; font-size: 130%;"><span title="Latin-language text"><span lang="la" dir="rtl">ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ</span></span></div></i><div style="display:inline;font-size: 125%"></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 95%; line-height: 110%; color: white; background-color: #858585;">Syriac Orthodox Church</th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom: 0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II,_seated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II%2C_seated.jpg/220px-Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II%2C_seated.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II%2C_seated.jpg/330px-Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II%2C_seated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II%2C_seated.jpg/440px-Patriarch_Ignatius_Aphrem_II%2C_seated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3031" data-file-height="4514" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom: 0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Patriarch of Antioch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg/220px-Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg/330px-Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg/440px-Patriarchal_Emblem_of_Syriac_Orthodox_Church.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Coat of arms</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Incumbent:<br /><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_II" title="Ignatius Aphrem II">Ignatius Aphrem II</a> (since 2014)</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(manner_of_address)" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (manner of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moran_Mor" class="mw-redirect" title="Moran Mor">Moran Mor</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/His_Holiness" class="mw-redirect" title="His Holiness"> His Holiness the Patriarch </a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #FADA5E;">Location</th></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Territory</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy See of Antioch">Holy See of Antioch</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Damascus,_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Damascus, Syria">Damascus, Syria</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #FADA5E;">Information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_the_Apostle" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Peter the Apostle">Saint Peter the Apostle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Church">Oriental Orthodox Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rite</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac Rite</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">AD 32 at <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cathedral</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Saint_George,_Damascus" title="Cathedral of Saint George, Damascus">Patriarchal Cathedral of Saint George</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Patriarch of Antioch and All the East</b> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac:</a> ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ ܘܕܟܠܗ̇ ܡܕܢܚܐ <i>Paṭriarḵo ḏ-Anṭiuḵia waḏ-kuloh madnho</i>) is the Bishop of Antioch, and head of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac: ܥܺܕܬܳܐ ܣܽܘ̣ܪܝܳܝܬܳܐ ܬܪܺܝܨܰܬ ܫܽܘ̣ܒ̣ܚܳܐ</a>). He presides over the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Synod" title="Holy Synod">Holy Synod</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>, which is its highest authority. The current Patriarch of Antioch is <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_II" title="Ignatius Aphrem II">Ignatius Aphrem II</a>, who was enthroned on 29 May 2014 as the 122nd Successor to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a>. </p><p>The position of the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarch of Antioch</a> was established and first held by <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter the Apostle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: ܫܹܡܥܘܿܢ ܟܹ݁ܐܦ݂ܵܐ <i>Šemʿōn Kēp̄ā</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidH6z756fq1LMCpgPA35_35]_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidH6z756fq1LMCpgPA35_35]-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Who_Was_Who_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Who_Was_Who-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He officially oversees the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Antioch" title="Church of Antioch">Holy Apostolic See</a> at <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> (modern-day <a href="/wiki/Antakya" title="Antakya">Antakya</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>), though the Patriarch currently resides in <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>; the Patriarch fled to <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> during the 1915 <a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Assyrian genocide</a>. </p><p>The Patriarchate of Antioch is one of three <a href="/wiki/Patriarchate" title="Patriarchate">Petrine Sees</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Christian Church</a> as affirmed by the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Council of Nicaea</a>, alongside the <a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Patriarch of Alexandria</a> and the Patriarch of Rome. He is the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Antioch">Bishop of Antioch</a>, and considered as <a href="/wiki/Primus_inter_pares" title="Primus inter pares">Primus Inter Pares</a> or First Among the Equals/Bishops of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_the_East" title="Diocese of the East">Diocese of the East</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_the_Patriarchate">History of the Patriarchate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History of the Patriarchate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origin">Origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Church of Antioch was established by <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a> in AD 32.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Synod of Nicaea</a>, the Bishop of Antioch became one of the <a href="/wiki/Patriarchate" title="Patriarchate">Patriarchates</a> (along with fellow <a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Patriarchate of Alexandria</a>). After the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Council at Chalcedon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> split into the <a href="/wiki/Christianity_as_the_Roman_state_religion" title="Christianity as the Roman state religion">Catholic-Orthodox</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox</a>, thus splitting the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">church</a>. The Patriarch of Antioch (<a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria">Pope of Alexandria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pope_Dioscorus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria">Dioscorus</a>) led the <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Church</a>, which followed a <a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">miaphysite</a> view of Christology and the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope of Rome</a> led the Catholic Church along with the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Patriarch of Constantinople</a>, which followed a <a href="/wiki/Dyophysitism" title="Dyophysitism">dyophysite</a> view on Christology. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus</a>, the Patriarch of Antioch, was exiled to Egypt in 518 by the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Emperor of the Byzantine Empire</a> for following the Oriental Orthodox Church. The Catholic group of the Church of Antioch (later <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch">Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch</a>), accepted the new Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Jew" title="Paul the Jew">Paul</a>, appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope of Rome</a>, as their new Patriarch, after the exile of Severus. The <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>, or the Oriental Orthodox group of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Antioch" title="Church of Antioch">Church of Antioch</a>, continued to accept Severus as Patriarch until his death in AD 538.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revival">Revival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG/220px-Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG/330px-Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG/440px-Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Peter" title="Church of Saint Peter">Church of St. Peter</a> in Antioch, believed to be established by St. Peter the Apostle.</figcaption></figure> <p>By AD 544, the Syriac Orthodox Church had only three bishops remaining and no Syriac successor to Severus had been elected. During this time, a priest named Jacob traveled to Constantinople to ask <a href="/wiki/Theodora_(6th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodora (6th century)">Empress Theodora's</a> (who was a Miaphysite herself), the daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox</a> priest,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="contradicts the information in the article on Theodora (February 2024)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East#Dubious" title="Talk:Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East">discuss</a></i>]</sup> consent to be ordained as a bishop. He was ordained as Mor Jacob Baradeus (<a href="/wiki/Jacob_Baradaeus" title="Jacob Baradaeus">Mor Ya'qub Burdono ܝܥܩܘܒ ܒܘܪܕܥܝܐ</a>), by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Theodosius_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theodosius I of Alexandria">Pope Theodosius I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria">Pope of Alexandria</a> and he traveled to many places to revive the Syriac Orthodox Church. He managed to consecrate 27 bishops, and hundreds of priests and deacons for the church.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He led the consecration of <a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Tella" title="Sergius of Tella">Mor Sergius of Tella</a> as the Patriarch of Antioch (first Patriarch of the independent Syriac Orthodox Church) in 544. It is after this bishop that the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_Syrian_Christian_Church" title="Jacobite Syrian Christian Church">Syriac Orthodox Church in India</a> gets the name "Jacobite" (Jacobite Syrian Christian Church)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He revived the <a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysite</a> belief in the Church of Antioch throughout persecution. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mor_Bar_Sauma_Monastery" title="Mor Bar Sauma Monastery">Mor Bar Sauma Monastery</a> became the seat of the patriarch between the 11th and 13th century until it was destroyed by an earthquake in 1285. The patriarchate was then moved to <a href="/wiki/Sis_(ancient_city)" title="Sis (ancient city)">Sis</a> before it finally settled in <a href="/wiki/Mor_Hananyo_Monastery" title="Mor Hananyo Monastery">Dayro d-Mor Hananyo</a> (Kurkmo Dayro, or Deir az-Za'faran), in <a href="/wiki/Mardin" title="Mardin">Mardin, Turkey</a> where it remained until 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaufhold2000227_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaufhold2000227-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Split_of_the_Syriac_Catholic_Church">Split of the Syriac Catholic Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Split of the Syriac Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1662, the vacant patriarchate was filled by individuals who aligned themselves with the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Andrew_Akijan" title="Ignatius Andrew Akijan">Andrew Akijan</a> was elected in that year, and was succeeded by another Catholic in <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Gregory_Peter_VI_Shahbaddin" title="Ignatius Gregory Peter VI Shahbaddin">Gregory Peter VI Shahbaddin</a>. The non-Catholic Syriac party elected the rival Abdulmasih I, Shahbaddin's uncle, as a competing patriarch. Upon Shahbaddin's death in 1702, the Catholic line died out for several decades until the Holy Synod in 1782 elected <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Michael_III_Jarweh" title="Ignatius Michael III Jarweh">Michael III Jarweh</a>, who again aligned the Syriacs with the pope. Following a period of violence and intrigue, the non-Catholic party was again recognized with their own patriarch and the Catholic line continued independently as the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac Catholic Church</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Persecution_and_Modern_period">Persecution and Modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Persecution and Modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Syriac Orthodox Church continued to be persecuted under the <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mamluk" title="Mamluk">Mamluks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a>. During 1915 <a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Assyrian Genocide</a>(known as the <a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Sayfo/ܣܝܦ</a> or "the year of the sword" in Syriac), more than 250,000 <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Christians</a> in the Middle East were wiped out by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. Many Syriac Orthodox Villages were emptied, and historical monasteries and churches were destroyed. During the <a href="/wiki/Sayfo" title="Sayfo">Assyrian genocide</a> and concomitant <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the Patriarchate was forced to flee by the Ottoman Empire, and the patriarch fled to Homs, Syria in 1953, and later to <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, in 1957. </p><p>The Syriac Orthodox Church continues to grow to this day under the Patriarchate. The <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>, along with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Church</a>, is now in sacramental cooperation with the Catholic Church, and is in <a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">dialogues</a> with the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Authority_of_the_Patriarch">Authority of the Patriarch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Authority of the Patriarch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <pre>The Patriarch is considered the legitimate successor of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter the Apostle</a>, on the Holy Throne of Antioch.<sup id="cite_ref-Who_Was_Who_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Who_Was_Who-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </pre> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Severus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Severus.jpg/220px-Severus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="447" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Severus.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="577" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Saint Severus of Antioch</a>, the 37th Patriarch of Antioch</figcaption></figure> <p>The Patriarch, as first among the bishops, convenes the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Synod" title="Holy Synod">Holy Synod</a> of the Syriac Orthodox Church and presides over the meeting. </p><p>The Patriarch, has the authority to enthrone the <a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a> (also known as the <a href="/wiki/Catholicos_of_India" title="Catholicos of India">Catholicos of India</a>) and consecrate <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishops</a> who are elected by the Holy Synod, but he has to be assisted by two other bishops (by his invitation). He is the only one authorized to conduct the consecration of a bishop. The Maphrian and other bishops can do it with the consent of the Patriarch. He is also the only one that can consecrate the <a href="/wiki/Chrism" title="Chrism">chrism</a>. </p><p>The Patriarch signs all documents with other denominations and he alone is in charge of external relations with other churches. The Patriarch dispatches clergy on ecclesiastical and cultural works. </p><p>When the Patriarch visits a diocese, he sits on the Cathedral seat of the church. The bishops are not allowed to carry their pastoral staff and wear their red vestment in front of the Patriarch (bishops usually wear a red vestment while travelling in their diocese) in respect to the Apostolic See. </p><p>The Patriarch has the right to change, introduce, or abolish church rites. All Syriac Orthodox monasteries are in the hands of the Patriarch and he alone has the authority to appoint its caretakers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Requirements_and_Restrictions_for_the_Patriarch">Requirements and Restrictions for the Patriarch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Requirements and Restrictions for the Patriarch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Requirements:</b> </p> <ul><li>The patriarch must be a member of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>.</li> <li>The patriarch must be over 40 years old.</li> <li>The patriarch can't be married.</li> <li>Previously, the patriarch was chosen from among the <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a>, and was then consecrated as a <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a>, and then elevated to the Holy See of Antioch. In modern times, the patriarch is chosen from the bishops and is elevated to the Holy See.</li> <li>The patriarch must be elected by the Holy Synod, led by the <a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Locum" title="Locum">Patriarchal Locum Tenens</a>, by all the bishops who are able to vote. If a bishop is not able to be present, he can send a vote through a letter. If he does not do this, his vote is canceled.</li> <li>Patriarch-elect has to be of Middle-Eastern origin, because he is the bishop of <a href="/wiki/Antakya" title="Antakya">Antioch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1up_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1up-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The patriarch must keep the Syriac Orthodox faith strong and work to preserve it.</li> <li>The patriarch must be elevated by the Holy Synod, led by <a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Catholicos_of_India" title="Catholicos of India">Catholicos of India</a>), or if not present, the <a href="/wiki/Locum" title="Locum">Patriarchal Locum Tenens</a>, along with all the bishops of the Syriac Orthodox Church that are able to be present.</li></ul> <p><b>Restrictions:</b> </p> <ul><li>The patriarch must give all his assets to the Syriac Orthodox Church.</li> <li>The Holy See must not be vacant for more than 30 days unless there is an emergency.</li> <li>During a Holy Synod meeting, the patriarch must inform the Holy Synod about everything he has accomplished since their last meeting.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Titles_of_the_Patriarch">Titles of the Patriarch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Titles of the Patriarch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The following are a list of titles of the Patriarch of Antioch</i> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="Category:Oriental Orthodoxy"> a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy"><span style="color:7a2cfe;font-size:14pt">Oriental Orthodoxy</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristCopticArt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png/100px-ChristCopticArt.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png 1.5x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="263" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#7a2cfe; color:#FFFFFF;"> Oriental Orthodox churches</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Cilicia" title="Holy See of Cilicia">Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo" title="Orthodox Tewahedo">Orthodox Tewahedo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Eritrean</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Independent churches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>: <a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>: <a href="/wiki/Malabar_Independent_Syrian_Church" title="Malabar Independent Syrian Church">Malabar Independent</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Autonomous churches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>: <a href="/wiki/French_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="French Coptic Orthodox Church">French Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a>: <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_Syrian_Christian_Church" title="Jacobite Syrian Christian Church">Jacobite Syrian Christian Church</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">History and theology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="History of Oriental Orthodoxy">History of Oriental Orthodoxy</a>:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_history" title="Coptic history">Coptic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Christianity" title="Timeline of Orthodox Tewahedo Christianity">Tewahedo history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Syriac history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Saint Thomas Christians</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Ecumenical Councils:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Constantinople" title="First Council of Constantinople">Constantinople I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Ephesus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Ephesus" title="Second Council of Ephesus">Ephesus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Ephesus" title="Third Council of Ephesus">Ephesus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Dvin" title="First Council of Dvin">Dvin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Dvin" title="Second Council of Dvin">Dvin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Dvin" title="Third Council of Dvin">Dvin III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_Dvin" title="Fourth Council of Dvin">Dvin IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Manzikert" title="Council of Manzikert">Manzikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Capharthutha" title="Council of Capharthutha">Capharthutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Shirakavan" title="Council of Shirakavan">Shirakavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Hromkla" title="Council of Hromkla">Hromkla</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Theology:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Theology">Oriental Orthodox Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Non-Chalcedonian Christianity">Non-Chalcedonian Christianity</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Liturgy and practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li>Anaphora & Rites:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_Saint_Gregory" title="Anaphora of Saint Gregory">Anaphora of Saint Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_James" title="Liturgy of Saint James">Liturgy of Saint James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Basil" title="Liturgy of Saint Basil">Liturgy of Saint Basil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Cyril" title="Liturgy of Saint Cyril">Liturgy of Saint Cyril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurobo" title="Holy Qurobo">Holy Qurobo</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Calendars:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Armenian_Apostolic_Church)" title="Calendar of saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Bible:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Bible">Coptic Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Bible">Armenian Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Tewahedo Bible">Orthodox Tewahedo Bible</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Cross:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Coptic cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cross" title="Armenian Cross">Armenian Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christian_cross" title="Saint Thomas Christian cross">St. Thomas Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cross" title="Ethiopian cross">Ethiopian cross</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major figures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addai_of_Edessa" title="Addai of Edessa">Mor Addai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abgar_V" title="Abgar V">Abgar V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Illuminator" title="Gregory the Illuminator">Gregory the Illuminator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Saints" title="Nine Saints">Nine Saints of Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiridates_III_of_Armenia" title="Tiridates III of Armenia">Tiridates III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Awgin" title="Mar Awgin">Mar Awgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezana_of_Axum" title="Ezana of Axum">Ezana of Axum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frumentius" title="Frumentius">Frumentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenoute" title="Shenoute">Shenoute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesrop_Mashtots" title="Mesrop Mashtots">Mesrop Mashtots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dioscorus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria">Dioscorus of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_(Copt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham (Copt)">Abraham of Farshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yared" title="Yared">Yared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Tanner" title="Simon the Tanner">Simon the Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Narek" title="Gregory of Narek">Gregory of Narek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerses_IV_the_Gracious" title="Nerses IV the Gracious">Nerses IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Syrian" title="Michael the Syrian">Michael the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Hebraeus" title="Bar Hebraeus">Bar Hebraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giyorgis_of_Segla" title="Giyorgis of Segla">Giyorgis of Segla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Thoma I">Mar Thoma I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorios_Abdal_Jaleel" title="Gregorios Abdal Jaleel">Gregorios Abdal Jaleel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geevarghese_Mar_Gregorios_of_Parumala" class="mw-redirect" title="Geevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala">Geevarghese Gregorios</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuna" title="Abuna">Abuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos" title="Catholicos">Catholicos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos_of_India" title="Catholicos of India">Catholicos of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch"> Patriarch of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Ethiopian ecclesiastical titles">Ethiopian titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Church-Ordinance" title="Apostolic Church-Ordinance">Apostolic Church-Ordinance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_monasticism" title="Coptic monasticism">Coptic monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Coptic_saints" title="List of Coptic saints">Coptic saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debtera" title="Debtera">Debtera</a></li> <li><a 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar" title="Template:Oriental Orthodox sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar" title="Template talk:Oriental Orthodox sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oriental Orthodox sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p> The official title of the Patriarch of Antioch is: </p><p><i>His Holiness/Thrice Blessed Moran Mor Ignatius (Monastic Name) (Roman Numeral to distinguish from other Patriarchs of the same name) Patriarch of Antioch and All the East, and Supreme Head of the Universal Syriac Orthodox Church.</i> </p><p>ܩܕܝܫܘܬܗ/ ܬܠܝܬܝ̈ ܛܘܒܐ̈ ܕܡܪܢ ܡܪܝ ܐܝܓܢܛܝܘܣ ... ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ ܘܕܟܠܗ̇ ܡܕܢܚܐ ܘܪܝܫܐ ܓܘܢܝܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܬܪܝܨܬ ܫܘܒܚܐ ܒܟܠܗ̇ ܬܐܒܠ </p><p><i>Qaddišuṯeh/Tlithoy Tube ḏ-Moran Mor Iḡnaṭius ... Paṭriarḵo ḏ-Anṭiuḵia waḏ-Kuloh Maḏĕnḥo w-Rišo Gawonoyo ḏ-ʿItto Suryoyto Triṣaṯ Šuḇḥo ḇ-Kuloh Tiḇel</i> </p><p>Other titles for the patriarch include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/His_Holiness" class="mw-redirect" title="His Holiness">His Holiness</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: <span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܩܕܝܫܘܬܗ</span> <i>Qaddišuṯeh</i>)</li> <li>Thriced Blessed "Thrice Blessed" (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: <span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܬܠܝܬܝ̈ ܛܘܒܐ̈</span> <i>Tlithoy Ṭuḇe</i>) (Not commonly used for modern Patriarchs)<sup id="cite_ref-suscopts.org_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suscopts.org-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mor Ignatius (ܐܝܓܢܐܛܝܘ)<sup id="cite_ref-sor.cua.edu_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sor.cua.edu-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Prince Patriarch of Antioch and All the East</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_(title)" title="Mar (title)">Moran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: ܡܪܢ) (Literally translates to My Lord) (title is usually reserved for <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a>, but sometimes (not traditionally) used for the Patriarch)</li> <li>Mor (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: ܡܪܝ)(Literally translates to Lord)(used in the title of all Syriac Orthodox Bishops)</li> <li>Aboon(ܐܒܘܢ) (Translates to Our Father) (used by most clergy in the Syriac Orthodox Church) (used in the title of the <a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a> as <i>Aboon Mor</i> ܐܒܘܢ ܡܪܝ, or Our Father, Lord)</li> <li>Moran Mor<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: ܡܪܢ ܡܪܝ) (Literally translates to My Lord, Lord)</li> <li>First Among the Equals</li> <li>Supreme Head of the Syriac Orthodox Church (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac:</a> ܪܝܫܐ ܓܘܢܝܐ ܕܥܺܕܬܳܐ ܣܽܘ̣ܪܝܳܝܬܳܐ ܬܪܺܝܨܰܬ ܫܽܘ̣ܒ̣ܚܳܐ <i>Rišo Gawonoyo ḏ-Idto Suryoyto Triṣaṯ Šuḇḥo)</i></li> <li>Supreme Head of the Universal Syriac Orthodox Church (Syriac: ܪܝܫܐ ܓܘܢܝܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܬܪܝܨܬ ܫܘܒܚܐ ܒܟܠܗ̇ ܬܐܒܠ <i>Rišo Gawonoyo ḏ-ʿItto Suryoyto Triṣaṯ Šuḇḥo ḇ-Kuloh Tiḇel</i>)</li> <li>Successor of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiff" title="Pontiff">Pontiff</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>pontifex</i>) (used by all Patriarchs in the Pentarchy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarch of Antioch</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac:</a> ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ <i>Paṭriarḵo ḏ-Anṭiuḵia</i>)</li> <li>Bishop of Antioch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/See_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="See of Antioch">Patriarch of Antioch and All the East</a><sup id="cite_ref-sor.cua.edu_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sor.cua.edu-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-suscopts.org_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suscopts.org-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac:</a> ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ ܘܕܟܠܗ̇ ܡܕܢܚܐ <i>Paṭriarḵo ḏ-Anṭiuḵia waḏ-kuloh madnho)</i></li> <li>Patriarch of the Syriac Orthodox Church<sup id="cite_ref-suscopts.org_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suscopts.org-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: ܦܛܪܝܪܟܐ ܕܥܺܕܬܳܐ ܣܽܘ̣ܪܝܳܝܬܳܐ ܬܪܺܝܨܰܬ ܫܽܘ̣ܒ̣ܚܳܐ <i>Paṭriarḵo ḏ-Idto Suryoyto Triṣaṯ Šuḇḥo</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidH6z756fq1LMCpgPA35_35]-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidH6z756fq1LMCpgPA35_35]_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregorios1999">Gregorios 1999</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H6z756fq1LMC&pg=PA35">35</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Who_Was_Who-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Who_Was_Who_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Who_Was_Who_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2">"Benton, William (1 April 1900 – 17 March 1973), Chairman and Publisher, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., since 1943", <i>Who Was Who</i>, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u152251">10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u152251</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Benton%2C+William+%281+April+1900+%E2%80%93+17+March+1973%29%2C+Chairman+and+Publisher%2C+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.%2C+since+1943&rft.btitle=Who+Was+Who&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u152251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGregorios1999_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGregorios1999">Gregorios 1999</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Patriarch, Patriarchate". <i>Encyclopaedia of Christianity</i> (online ed.). Brill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F2211-2685_eco_p.46">10.1163/2211-2685_eco_p.46</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Christianity&rft.atitle=Patriarch%2C+Patriarchate&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F2211-2685_eco_p.46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilliardBailey1999" class="citation book cs1">Hilliard, Alison; Bailey, Betty Jane (1999). <i>Living stones pilgrimage : with the Christians of the Holy Land : a guide</i>. London: Cassell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-2249-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-2249-1"><bdi>978-0-8264-2249-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/317999284">317999284</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Living+stones+pilgrimage+%3A+with+the+Christians+of+the+Holy+Land+%3A+a+guide&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F317999284&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-2249-1&rft.aulast=Hilliard&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Betty+Jane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaufhold2000227-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaufhold2000227_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKaufhold2000">Kaufhold 2000</a>, p. 227.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkessini2012" class="citation book cs1">Markessini, Joan (June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eVkphDtrW3AC&pg=PA31"><i>Around the World of Orthodox Christianity - Five Hundred Million Strong: The Unifying Aesthetic Beauty</i></a>. Dorrance. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4349-1486-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4349-1486-6"><bdi>978-1-4349-1486-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Around+the+World+of+Orthodox+Christianity+-+Five+Hundred+Million+Strong%3A+The+Unifying+Aesthetic+Beauty&rft.pub=Dorrance&rft.date=2012-06&rft.isbn=978-1-4349-1486-6&rft.aulast=Markessini&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeVkphDtrW3AC%26pg%3DPA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1up-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1up_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/constitutionofsy0000holy/mode/1up">Syrian Orthodox Constitution</a>, via Internet archive.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-suscopts.org-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-suscopts.org_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-suscopts.org_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-suscopts.org_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://suscopts.org/press/2014/mar/25/the-departure-of-the-his-holiness-mor-ignatius-zak/">"The Departure of the His Holiness Mor Ignatius Zakka I Iwas, Patriarch of Antioch and All the East, of Thrice Blessed Memory – Press Releases"</a>. <i>suscopts.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=suscopts.org&rft.atitle=The+Departure+of+the+His+Holiness+Mor+Ignatius+Zakka+I+Iwas%2C+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East%2C+of+Thrice+Blessed+Memory+%E2%80%93+Press+Releases&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsuscopts.org%2Fpress%2F2014%2Fmar%2F25%2Fthe-departure-of-the-his-holiness-mor-ignatius-zak%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sor.cua.edu-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sor.cua.edu_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sor.cua.edu_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sor.cua.edu/Pub/PZakka1/SOCAtAGlance.html">"Patriarch Zakka I: The SOC At a Glance"</a>. <i>sor.cua.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sor.cua.edu&rft.atitle=Patriarch+Zakka+I%3A+The+SOC+At+a+Glance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsor.cua.edu%2FPub%2FPZakka1%2FSOCAtAGlance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSebastian_P._Brock2006" class="citation book cs1">Sebastian P. Brock (2006). <i>An Introduction to Syriac Studies</i>. Gorgias Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59333-349-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59333-349-2"><bdi>978-1-59333-349-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Syriac+Studies&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59333-349-2&rft.au=Sebastian+P.+Brock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufhold2000" class="citation journal cs1">Kaufhold, Hubert (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hugoye.bethmardutho.org/article/hv3n2kaufhold">"Notizen zur Späten Geschichte des Barsaumo-Klosters"</a>. <i>Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies</i>. <b>3</b> (2)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hugoye%3A+Journal+of+Syriac+Studies&rft.atitle=Notizen+zur+Sp%C3%A4ten+Geschichte+des+Barsaumo-Klosters&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Kaufhold&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhugoye.bethmardutho.org%2Farticle%2Fhv3n2kaufhold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregorios1999" class="citation book cs1">Gregorios, Paulos (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H6z756fq1LMC"><i>Introducing the Orthodox Churches</i></a>. Delhi: Mar Gregorios Foundation of Orthodox Theological Seminary, Kottayam and Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7214-487-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7214-487-6"><bdi>978-81-7214-487-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/42764031">42764031</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introducing+the+Orthodox+Churches&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Mar+Gregorios+Foundation+of+Orthodox+Theological+Seminary%2C+Kottayam+and+Indian+Society+for+Promoting+Christian+Knowledge&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F42764031&rft.isbn=978-81-7214-487-6&rft.aulast=Gregorios&rft.aufirst=Paulos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH6z756fq1LMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASyriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+of+Antioch+and+All+the+East" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Template:Patriarchs of Antioch"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Template talk:Patriarchs of Antioch"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs of Antioch"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Patriarchs of Antioch">List</a> of <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarchs of Antioch</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Antioch" title="Church of Antioch">Church of Antioch</a> before 518</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter I</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 37</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 53</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evodius" title="Evodius">Evodius</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 53</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 69</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 70</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 107</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodion_of_Antioch" title="Herodion of Antioch">Herodion</a> (107–127)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_of_Antioch" title="Cornelius of Antioch">Cornelius</a> (127–154)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros_of_Antioch" title="Eros of Antioch">Eros</a> (154–169)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_of_Antioch" title="Theophilus of Antioch">Theophilus</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 169</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 182</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_of_Antioch" title="Maximus of Antioch">Maximus I</a> (182–191)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serapion_of_Antioch" title="Serapion of Antioch">Serapion</a> (191–211)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepiades_of_Antioch" title="Asclepiades of Antioch">Ascelpiades</a> (211–220)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philetus_of_Antioch" title="Philetus of Antioch">Philetus</a> (220–231)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebinnus_of_Antioch" title="Zebinnus of Antioch">Zebinnus</a> (231–237)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylas_of_Antioch" title="Babylas of Antioch">Babylas</a> (237–ca. 250)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Fabius</a> (253–256)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_of_Antioch" title="Demetrius of Antioch">Demetrius</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 256</span>–?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Samosata" title="Paul of Samosata">Paul of Samosata</a> (260–268)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domnus_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Domnus I">Domnus I</a> (268–273)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timaeus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timaeus of Antioch (page does not exist)">Timaeus</a> (273–282)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyril_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyril of Antioch (page does not exist)">Cyril I</a> (283–303)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrannus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrannus of Antioch (page does not exist)">Tyrannus</a> (304–314)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitalis_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vitalis of Antioch (page does not exist)">Vitalis</a> (314–320)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philogonus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philogonus (page does not exist)">Philogonus</a> (320–323)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Antioch" title="Eustathius of Antioch">Eustathius</a> (324–330)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulinus_I_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulinus I of Antioch (page does not exist)">Paulinus I</a> (330)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eulalius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eulalius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Eulalius</a> (331–332)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euphronius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euphronius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Euphronius</a> (332–333)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flacillus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flacillus of Antioch (page does not exist)">Flacillus</a> (333–342)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_I_of_Antioch" title="Stephen I of Antioch">Stephen I</a> (342–344)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leontius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leontius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Leontius</a> (344–358)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudoxius_of_Antioch" title="Eudoxius of Antioch">Eudoxius</a> (358–359)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annanios_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annanios of Antioch (page does not exist)">Annanios</a> (359)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_of_Antioch" title="Meletius of Antioch">Meletius</a> (360–361)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Homoian group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Euzoius (361–378)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorotheus_of_Antioch" title="Dorotheus of Antioch">Dorotheus</a> (378–381)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meletian group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_of_Antioch" title="Meletius of Antioch">Meletius</a> (362–381)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavian_I_of_Antioch" title="Flavian I of Antioch">Flavian I</a> (381–404)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyrus_of_Antioch" title="Porphyrus of Antioch">Porphyrus</a> (404–412)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander of Antioch (page does not exist)">Alexander</a> (412–417)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Antioch" title="Eustathius of Antioch">Eustathian group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulinus_II_of_Antioch" title="Paulinus II of Antioch">Paulinus II</a> (362–388)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evagrius_of_Antioch" title="Evagrius of Antioch">Evagrius</a> (388–393)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apollinaris_of_Laodicea" title="Apollinaris of Laodicea">Apollonarist group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Vitalis (376–?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodotus_of_Antioch" title="Theodotus of Antioch">Theodotus</a> (417–428)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Antioch" title="John I of Antioch">John I</a> (428–442)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domnus_II_of_Antioch" title="Domnus II of Antioch">Domnus II</a> (442–449)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_II_of_Antioch" title="Maximus II of Antioch">Maximus II</a> (449–455)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil of Antioch (page does not exist)">Basil</a> (456–458)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acacius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acacius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Acacius</a> (458–461)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrius_of_Antioch" title="Martyrius of Antioch">Martyrius</a> (461–469)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Fuller" title="Peter the Fuller">Peter II</a> (469–471)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(Chalcedonian_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Julian (Chalcedonian patriarch of Antioch)">Julian</a> (471–476)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Fuller" title="Peter the Fuller">Peter II</a> (476)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_II_Codonatus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John II Codonatus of Antioch (page does not exist)">John II Codonatus</a> (476–477)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_II_of_Antioch" title="Stephen II of Antioch">Stephen II</a> (477–479)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendion" title="Calendion">Callandion</a> (479–485)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Fuller" title="Peter the Fuller">Peter II</a> (485–488)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patriarch_Palladius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patriarch Palladius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Palladius</a> (488–498)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavian_II_of_Antioch" title="Flavian II of Antioch">Flavian II</a> (498–512)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus I</a> (512–518)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" style="background: #ffffff;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFFF66;;background: #FFFF66;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Template:Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Template talk:Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Syriac_Orthodox_patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="List of Syriac Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch">Patriarchs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">6th–9th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus I</a> (512–538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Tella" title="Sergius of Tella">Sergius of Tella</a> (c. 544–c. 547; c. 557–560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Black" title="Paul the Black">Paul II</a> (c. 551/564–578)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_III_of_Callinicum" title="Peter III of Callinicum">Peter III</a> (578/581–591)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_I_(Miaphysite_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Julian I (Miaphysite patriarch of Antioch)">Julian II</a> (591–594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_I_Gammolo" title="Athanasius I Gammolo">Athanasius I Gammolo</a> (594/595–631)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_the_Sedre" title="John III of the Sedre">John III</a> (631–648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_(Syriac_Orthodox_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Theodore (Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch)">Theodore</a> (649–666/667)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_II_bar_Masqeh" title="Severus II bar Masqeh">Severus II bar Masqeh</a> (667/668–680/684)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_II_Baldoyo" title="Athanasius II Baldoyo">Athanasius II Baldoyo</a> (683/684–687)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_II_the_Roman" title="Julian II the Roman">Julian III</a> (687–707/708)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_I_of_Antioch" title="Elias I of Antioch">Elias I</a> (709–723/724)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_III_(Syriac_Orthodox_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Athanasius III (Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch)">Athanasius III</a> (724–739/740)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwannis_I" title="Iwannis I">Iwannis I</a> (739/740–754/755)</li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Isaac_I_of_Antioch" title="Isaac I of Antioch">Isaac I</a> (755–756)†</small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Sandalaya" title="Athanasius Sandalaya">Athanasius Sandalaya</a> (756–758)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_of_Beltan" title="George of Beltan">George I</a> (758/759–789/790)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_of_Raqqa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John of Raqqa (page does not exist)">John of Raqqa</a> (758–762)†</small></li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_of_Dara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David of Dara (page does not exist)">David of Dara</a> (762–774)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_of_Antioch" title="Joseph of Antioch">Joseph</a> (790–791/792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quriaqos_of_Tagrit" title="Quriaqos of Tagrit">Quriaqos</a> (793–817)</li> <li><small>Abraham (807/808–837)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_I_Telmaharoyo" title="Dionysius I Telmaharoyo">Dionysius I Telmaharoyo</a> (818–845)</li> <li><small>Simeon (c. 837)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Antioch" title="John IV of Antioch">John IV</a> (846/847–873/874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_II" title="Ignatius II">Ignatius II</a> (878–883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_Romanus" title="Theodosius Romanus">Theodosius Romanus</a> (887–896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_II_of_Antioch" title="Dionysius II of Antioch">Dionysius II</a> (896/897–908/909)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">10th–13th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_V_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John V of Antioch (page does not exist)">John V</a> (910–922)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil I of Antioch (page does not exist)">Basil I</a> (923–935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_VI_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John VI of Antioch (page does not exist)">John VI</a> (936–953)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iwannis_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iwannis II (page does not exist)">Iwannis II</a> (954–957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_III_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius III of Antioch (page does not exist)">Dionysius III</a> (958–961)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_I_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham I of Antioch (page does not exist)">Abraham I</a> (962–963)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_VII_Sarigta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John VII Sarigta (page does not exist)">John VII Sarigta</a> (965–985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_IV_Salhoyo" title="Athanasius IV Salhoyo">Athanasius IV Salhoyo</a> (986/987–1002/1003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VIII_bar_Abdoun" title="John VIII bar Abdoun">John VIII bar Abdoun</a> (1004–1030/1031/1033)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_IV_Yahyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius IV Yahyo (page does not exist)">Dionysius IV Yahyo</a> (1031–1042)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_IX_bar_%CA%BFAbdun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John IX bar ʿAbdun (page does not exist)">John IX bar ʿAbdun</a> (1042/1048/1049–1057)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athanasius_V_Yahyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athanasius V Yahyo (page does not exist)">Athanasius V Yahyo</a> (1057/1058–1062/1064)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_X_bar_Shushan" title="John X bar Shushan">John X bar Shushan</a> (1063/1064–1072/1073)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_II_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil II of Antioch (page does not exist)">Basil II</a> (1074–1075)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_bar_%CA%BFAbdun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John bar ʿAbdun (page does not exist)">John bar ʿAbdun</a> (1075–1076/1077)†</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_V_La%CA%BFzar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius V Laʿzar (page does not exist)">Dionysius V Laʿzar</a> (1077–1078/1079)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iwannis_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iwannis III (page does not exist)">Iwannis III</a> (1086–1087/1088)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_VI_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius VI of Antioch (page does not exist)">Dionysius VI</a> (1088–1090)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_VI_bar_Khamoro" title="Athanasius VI bar Khamoro">Athanasius VI bar Khamoro</a> (1090/1091–1129)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XI_bar_Mawdyono" title="John XI bar Mawdyono">John XI bar Mawdyono</a> (1129/1130–1137)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_VII_bar_Qatra" title="Athanasius VII bar Qatra">Athanasius VII bar Qatra</a> (1138/1139–1166)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Syrian" title="Michael the Syrian">Michael I Rabo</a> (1166–1199)</li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Theodore_bar_Wahbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore bar Wahbun">Theodore bar Wahbun</a> (1180–1193)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Athanasius VIII">Athanasius VIII</a> (1199–1207)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_II_the_Younger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael II the Younger (page does not exist)">Michael II the Younger</a> (1199/1200–1215)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XII_of_Antioch" title="John XII of Antioch">John XII</a> (1207/1208–1219/1220)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_III_David" title="Ignatius III David">Ignatius III David</a> (1222–1252)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_VII_%CA%BFAngur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius VII ʿAngur (page does not exist)">Dionysius VII ʿAngur</a> (1252–1261)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XIII_bar_Ma%27dani" title="John XIII bar Ma'dani">John XIII bar Ma'dani</a> (1252–1263)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_IV_Yeshu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius IV Yeshu (page does not exist)">Ignatius IV Yeshu</a> (1264–1282/1283)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philoxenus_I_Nemrud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philoxenus I Nemrud (page does not exist)">Philoxenus I Nemrud</a> (1283–1292)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_II_of_Antioch" title="Michael II of Antioch">Michael II</a> (1292–1312)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">Patriarchs of Mardin,<br /> 1293–1445</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_bar_Wahib" title="Ignatius bar Wahib">Ignatius bar Wahib</a> (1293–1333)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Ismail" title="Ignatius Ismail">Ignatius Ismail</a> (1333–1365/1366)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Shahab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Shahab (page does not exist)">Ignatius Shahab</a> (1365/1366–1381)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Abraham_bar_Gharib" title="Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib">Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib</a> (1381/1382–1412)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Behnam_Hadloyo" title="Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo">Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo</a> (1412–1445)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">Patriarchs of Melitene,<br /> 1293–1360</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Constantine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Constantine (page does not exist)">Ignatius Constantine</a> (1292–1293)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Philoxenus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Philoxenus (page does not exist)">Ignatius Philoxenus</a> (1349–c. 1360)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarchs_of_Tur_Abdin" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarchs of Tur Abdin">Patriarchs of Tur Abdin</a>,<br />1364–1844</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Saba_I" title="Ignatius Saba I">Ignatius Saba I</a> (1364–1389)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu I</a> (1389–1418)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Mas%CA%BFud_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Masʿud I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Masʿud I</a> (1418–1420)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Enoch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Enoch (page does not exist)">Ignatius Enoch</a> (1421–1444/1445)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Qumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Qumo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Qumo</a> (1444/1446–1454/1455)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu II</a> (1455–1460)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Philoxenus_Aziz_bar_Sobto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Philoxenus Aziz bar Sobto (page does not exist)">Ignatius Philoxenus Aziz bar Sobto</a> (1460–1482)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Saba_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Saba II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Saba II</a> (1482–1488/1489)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_John_Quphar_%CA%BFEnwardoyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius John Quphar ʿEnwardoyo (page does not exist)">Ignatius John Quphar ʿEnwardoyo</a> (1489–1492/1493)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas%CA%BF%C5%ABd_II_of_%E1%B9%ACur_%CA%BFAbdin" title="Masʿūd II of Ṭur ʿAbdin">Ignatius Masʿud II</a> (1492/1493–1494/1509/1512)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu III (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu III</a> (1515–1524)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Simon_of_Hattakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Simon of Hattakh (page does not exist)">Ignatius Simon of Hattakh</a> (1524–1551)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Jacob_of_Hesna_d%E2%80%99Kifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Jacob of Hesna d’Kifa (page does not exist)">Ignatius Jacob of Hesna d’Kifa</a> (1551–1571)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Sohdo_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat</a> (1584–1621)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Abdallah_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Abdallah of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Abdallah of Midyat</a> (c. 1628)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Habib_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Habib of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Habib of Midyat</a> (1674–1707)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Denho_of_Arnas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Denho of Arnas (page does not exist)">Ignatius Denho of Arnas</a> (1707–1725)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Barsawmo_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Barsawmo of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Barsawmo of Midyat</a> (1740–1791)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Aho_of_Arbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Aho of Arbo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Aho of Arbo</a> (1791–1816)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Isha%CA%BFya_of_Arbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo</a> (1791–1816)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_Isaac_of_Azekh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Severus Isaac of Azekh (page does not exist)">Severus Isaac of Azekh</a> (1804–1816)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_of_Arnas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph of Arnas (page does not exist)">Joseph of Arnas</a> (1805–1834)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barsawmo_of_Hbob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barsawmo of Hbob (page does not exist)">Barsawmo of Hbob</a> (1816–1839)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirza_of_Beth_Sbirino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirza of Beth Sbirino (page does not exist)">Mirza of Beth Sbirino</a> (1816–1842)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Zaitun_Ghomo_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Zaitun Ghomo of Midyat (page does not exist)">Gregory Zaitun Ghomo of Midyat</a> (1821–1844)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_Abd_al-Nur_of_Arbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Severus Abd al-Nur of Arbo (page does not exist)">Severus Abd al-Nur of Arbo</a> (1834–1839)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">14th–17th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_III_Yeshu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael III Yeshu (page does not exist)">Michael III Yeshu</a> (1313–1349)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_III_Gabriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil III Gabriel (page does not exist)">Basil III Gabriel</a> (1349–1387)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philoxenus_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philoxenus II (page does not exist)">Philoxenus II</a> (1387–c. 1421)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_IV_Simon" title="Basil IV Simon">Basil IV Simon</a> (1421/1422–1444/1445)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Behnam_Hadloyo" title="Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo">Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo</a> (1445–1455)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Khalaf_Ma%CA%BFdnoyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Khalaf Maʿdnoyo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Khalaf Maʿdnoyo</a> (1455/1456–1484)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_John_XIV" title="Ignatius John XIV">Ignatius John XIV</a> (1484–1493)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Noah_of_Lebanon" title="Ignatius Noah of Lebanon">Ignatius Noah of Lebanon</a> (1493/1494–1509)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu I</a> (1509–1510/1519)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Jacob_I" title="Ignatius Jacob I">Ignatius Jacob I</a> (1510/1512–1517/1519)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_David_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius David I (page does not exist)">Ignatius David I</a> (1519–1521)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Abdullah_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Abdullah I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Abdullah I</a> (1521–1557)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Ni%27matallah" title="Ignatius Ni'matallah">Ignatius Ni'matallah</a> (1557–1576)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_David_II_Shah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius David II Shah (page does not exist)">Ignatius David II Shah</a> (1576–1591)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Pilate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Pilate (page does not exist)">Ignatius Pilate</a> (1591–1597)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Hidayat_Allah" title="Ignatius Hidayat Allah">Ignatius Hidayat Allah</a> (1597/1598–1639/1640)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Simon_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Simon I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Simon I</a> (1640–1653)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Shukrallah_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Shukrallah I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Shukrallah I</a> (1640–1670)†</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu II</a> (1653/1655–1661)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Abdulmasih_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Abdulmasih I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Abdulmasih I</a> (1661/1662–1686)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_George_II" title="Ignatius George II">Ignatius George II</a> (1687–1708)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">18th century–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Isaac_II" title="Ignatius Isaac II">Ignatius Isaac II</a> (1709–1722)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Shukrallah_II" title="Ignatius Shukrallah II">Ignatius Shukrallah II</a> (1722/1723–1745)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_George_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius George III (page does not exist)">Ignatius George III</a> (1745/1746–1768)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_George_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius George IV (page does not exist)">Ignatius George IV</a> (1768–1781)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Matthew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Matthew (page does not exist)">Ignatius Matthew</a> (1782–1817/1819)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_John&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius John (page does not exist)">Ignatius John</a> (1817–1818)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_George_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius George V (page does not exist)">Ignatius George V</a> (1819–1836/1839)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Elias_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Elias II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Elias II</a> (1836/1839–1847)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Jacob_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Jacob II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Jacob II</a> (1847–1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Peter_IV" title="Ignatius Peter IV">Ignatius Peter IV</a> (1872–1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Abded_Mshiho_II" title="Ignatius Abded Mshiho II">Ignatius Abdulmasih II</a> (1894/1895–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Abded_Aloho_II" title="Ignatius Abded Aloho II">Ignatius Abdullah II</a> (1906–1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Elias_III" title="Ignatius Elias III">Ignatius Elias III</a> (1917–1932/1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_I_Barsoum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum">Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum</a> (1933–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Jacob_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Jacob III">Ignatius Jacob III</a> (1957–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Zakka I Iwas">Ignatius Zakka I Iwas</a> (1980–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_II" title="Ignatius Aphrem II">Ignatius Aphrem II</a> (2014–Present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background: #FFFF66;"><div>† Illegitimate<br /> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oriental_Orthodoxy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oriental_Orthodoxy_footer" title="Template:Oriental Orthodoxy footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire" title="Ethiopian Empire">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nubia#Christian_Nubia" title="Nubia">Sudan</a> and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">Autocephalous<br />churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Cilicia" title="Holy See of Cilicia">Holy See of Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a></li> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristCopticArt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png/50px-ChristCopticArt.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png/75px-ChristCopticArt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png/100px-ChristCopticArt.png 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="263" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><i>Armenian Apostolic</i>:</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople">Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem</a></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>Syriac Orthodox</i>:</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jacobite_Syrian_Christian_Church" title="Jacobite Syrian Christian Church">Malankara Jacobite</a></dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</i>:</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brahmavar_(Goan)_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmavar (Goan) Orthodox Church">Brahmavar (Goan) Orthodox Church</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations#Independent_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="List of Christian denominations">Independent<br />churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British Isles</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Malabar_Independent_Syrian_Church" title="Malabar Independent Syrian Church">Malabar Independent Syrian Church</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Syncreticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Syncreticism">Syncretic Oriential Catholic Churches</a>: Communion of Western Orthodox Churches <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Orthodox_Church" title="Celtic Orthodox Church">Celtic Orthodox Church</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Liturgy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_Saint_Gregory" title="Anaphora of Saint Gregory">Anaphora of Saint Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_James" title="Liturgy of Saint James">Liturgy of Saint James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Basil" title="Liturgy of Saint Basil">Liturgy of Saint Basil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Cyril" title="Liturgy of Saint Cyril">Liturgy of Saint Cyril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara Rite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Patriarchates_in_Christianity" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriarchates_in_Christianity" title="Template:Patriarchates in Christianity"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriarchates_in_Christianity" title="Template talk:Patriarchates in Christianity"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchates_in_Christianity" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchates in Christianity"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Patriarchates_in_Christianity" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate" title="Patriarchate">Patriarchates</a> in <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of <a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">primates</a> in <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, sorted according to earliest <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">apostolic</a> legacy and branched where multiple denominational claimants:<br /> <b>bold blue</b> = <b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></b>, <span style="color:#000040;">light blue</span> = <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>, <span style="color:#808000;"><b>bold/</b>light green</span> = <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy"><span style="color:#808000;">Oriental Orthodoxy</span></a>, <i>italic blue = <a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early<br />Christianity</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Antiquity</a>)<br /><span class="nobold">(30–325/476)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentarchy" title="Pentarchy">Pentarchy</a><br /><span class="nobold">(five<br /><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_See" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic See">apostolic<br />sees</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Rome</a> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_1st_century" title="Christianity in the 1st century">1st cent.</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></b> (since <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_1st_century" title="Christianity in the 1st century">1st cent.</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Constantinople</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">451</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople</a> (since 330)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople">Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople</a></b> (1204–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople"><span style="color:#808000;">Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople</span></a> (since 1461)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Antioch" title="Church of Antioch">Antioch</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_1st_century" title="Christianity in the 1st century">1st cent.</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:#808000;">Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch</span></a></b> (since 518)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholicosate_of_Cilicia" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia"><span style="color:#808000;">Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia</span></a></b> (since 1058)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Antioch" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch</a> (since 519)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maronite_Catholic_Patriarchate_of_Antioch" title="Maronite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch">Maronite Patriarchate</a></b> (since 685)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch</a></b> (since 1668)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Melkite_Catholic_Patriarchate_of_Antioch" title="Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch">Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch</a></b> (since 1724)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarchate_of_Antioch" title="Latin Patriarchate of Antioch">Latin Patriarchate of Antioch</a></b> (1099–1964)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian Catholic Church</a></b> (since 1740)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Alexandria" title="Patriarch of Alexandria">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Alexandria" title="Church of Alexandria">Alexandria</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_1st_century" title="Christianity in the 1st century">1st cent.</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Alexandria" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria</a> (since <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">451</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria"><span style="color:#808000;">Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria</span></a></b> (since <a href="/wiki/451" title="451">451</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarchate_of_Alexandria" title="Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria">Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria</a></b> (1219–1964)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Patriarchate_of_Alexandria" title="Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria">Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria</a></b> (since 1824)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">451</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem</a> (since 451)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem"><span style="color:#808000;">Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem</span></a> (since 638)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem</a></b> (since 1099)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_patriarchs,_archbishops_and_bishops_of_Carthage" class="mw-redirect" title="List of patriarchs, archbishops and bishops of Carthage">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Carthage" title="Archdiocese of Carthage">Carthage</a> <span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_2nd_century" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianity in the 2nd century">2nd cent.</a>–1076)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Carthage#Titular_see_of_Carthage" title="Archdiocese of Carthage">Latin Catholic titular episcopate</a></b> (1518–1964)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Tunis" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tunis">Archbishop of Tunis</a></b> (since 1884)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_Church_of_the_East" title="Patriarch of the Church of the East">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Patriarchal_Province_of_Seleucia-Ctesiphon" title="Patriarchal Province of Seleucia-Ctesiphon">Seleucia-Ctesiphon</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(280–1552)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Patriarchate_of_Baghdad" title="Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad">Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad</a></b> (since 1553)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_patriarchs_of_the_Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="List of patriarchs of the Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon</a></i> (since 1830)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Church_of_the_East" title="Ancient Church of the East">Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon</a></i> (since 1968)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> <span class="nobold">(301)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholicos_of_All_Armenians" title="Catholicos of All Armenians"><span style="color:#808000;">Catholicos of All Armenians (Patriarch of Etchmiadzin)</span></a></b> (since 301)</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholicosate_of_Cilicia" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia"><span style="color:#808000;">Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia</span></a></b> (since 1058)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem"><span style="color:#808000;">Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem</span></a> (since 638)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople"><span style="color:#808000;">Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople</span></a> (since 1461)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Cilicia" title="Patriarchate of Cilicia">Patriarchate of Cilicia</a></b> (since 1742)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(476–1517)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Aquileia" title="Patriarchate of Aquileia">Patriarchate of Aquileia</a></b> (568–1751)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Grado" title="Patriarch of Grado">Patriarchate of Grado</a></b> (725–1451)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Patriarchate of Bulgaria</a> (since 919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Patriarchate of Georgia</a> (since 1010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Patriarchate_of_Pe%C4%87" title="Serbian Patriarchate of Peć">Serbian Orthodox Patriarchate of Peć</a> (since 1346)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Venice" title="Patriarchate of Venice">Patriarchate of Venice</a></b> (since 1451)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Early Modern era</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(1517–1789) </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_the_West_Indies" title="Patriarchate of the West Indies">Patriarchate of the West Indies</a></b> (since 1524)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Latin_Patriarchate_of_Ethiopia" title="Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia">Latin Patriarchate of Ethiopia</a></b> (1555–1663)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_the_East_Indies" title="Patriarchate of the East Indies">Patriarchate of the East Indies</a></b> (since 1572)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Patriarchate of Moscow</a> (since 1589)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Lisbon" title="Patriarchate of Lisbon">Patriarchate of Lisbon</a></b> (since 1716)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Late Modern era</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(since 1789)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church" title="Romanian Orthodox Church">Patriarchate of Romania</a> (since 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abunas_of_Ethiopia" title="List of abunas of Ethiopia"><span style="color:#808000;">Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia</span></a> (since 1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Church_%E2%80%93_Kyiv_Patriarchate" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate">Patriarchate of Kyiv</a> (1992–2018; since 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abunas_of_Eritrea" title="List of abunas of Eritrea"><span style="color:#808000;">Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea</span></a> (since 1994)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Throne" title="Apostolic Throne">Apostolic Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">Episcopal see</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, 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