CINXE.COM
Calenda - Politiques de logement et ordre social en situation impériale et post-impériale française
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-language" content="" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico" /> <title>Calenda - Politiques de logement et ordre social en situation impériale et post-impériale française</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static-origin.openedition.org/openbarre_/styles/main.css?date=2018-11-06" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/screen.css" media="screen, print" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/print.css" media="print" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.17.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.form.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-fr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-de.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-en.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-pt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-es.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.sprintf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/calenda.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script><!-- Social network --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@calendaSHS" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://calenda.org/1229482" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Politiques de logement et ordre social en situation impériale et po..." /> <meta property="og:description" content="L’ambition de ce dossier sera d’interroger les relations entre logement social et (re)production de l’ordre social en situation coloniale et post-coloniale françaises, envisagées dans une perspecti..." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://calenda.org/images/favicon_150x150.png" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Arnoulet, Violette" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Guillope, Thierry" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Vulbeau, Janoé" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"></head> <body> <div id="ob-breadcrumb" class="ob-breadcrumb-calenda"> <div class="container"> <a href="https://calenda.org">Accueil</a><a href=""><span>Politiques de logement et ordre social en situation impériale et post-impériale française</span></a> </div> </div><!-- breadcrumb --> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="content"> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.17.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.form.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-fr.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-de.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-en.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-pt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ui.datepicker-es.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.sprintf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/calenda.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script> <div class="colwrapper"> <div id="icon" class="column"> <h2><a href="search?primary=ftype&ftype=40">Appel à contribution</a><span><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=317">Époque contemporaine</a></span></h2> <div id="tabledates"> <h2>Dates</h2> <div class="list_dates"> <div class="unique_date highlight"> <div class="day"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2025&fmonth=03&fday=17">17</a></div> <div class="month"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2025&fmonth=03">mar</a></div> <div class="year"><a href="search.html?primary=fdate&fyear=2025">2025</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="listcategories"> <h2>Catégories</h2> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=214">Anthropologie sociale</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=319">XXe siècle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=232">Histoire urbaine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=208">Sociologie urbaine</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="document" class="column"> <div id="main"> <div class="titles"> <h1 class="origt"><a href="1229482">Politiques de logement et ordre social en situation impériale et post-impériale française</a></h1> <h2 class="origt">Housing policies and social order in imperial and post-imperial France</h2> <p class="origd">Métropole, espaces coloniaux et ultra-marins des années 1920 à nos jours</p> <p class="origd altertitle">Metropolitan, colonial and overseas territories from the 1920s to the present</p> </div> <div class="mapuce2">* * *</div> <p id="pubdate"> Publié le lundi 10 février 2025 </p> <div id="texte"> <div id="resume"> <p class="intitule">Résumé</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#resume-1229482-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a> <a href="#resume-1229482-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="resume-1229482-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;">L’ambition de ce dossier sera d’interroger les relations entre logement social et (re)production de l’ordre social en situation coloniale et post-coloniale françaises, envisagées dans une perspective intersectionnelle, sous l’angle de la classe, du genre, de la race ou encore de la nationalité. Il s’agira de réfléchir à des espaces souvent pensés de façon disjointe - colonies et métropole - afin de clarifier les circulations entre métropole et colonies, saisir les legs coloniaux ou encore les effets de la décolonisation.</p> </div> <div id="resume-1229482-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;">The aim of this issue is to examine the relationship between public housing and the reproduction of social order in colonial and post-colonial contexts from an intersectional perspective through the lenses of class, gender, race and/or nationality. The aim is to examine spaces that are often considered separate – the colonies and the metropole – in the same analytical frame, in order to uncover circulation between the metropole and colonies, understand colonial legacies, and explore the effects of decolonization.</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#annonce-1229482-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a> <a href="#annonce-1229482-en" hreflang="en">English</a> </div> <div id="annonce-1229482-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <p>Revue <span lang="EN-US"><em>French Politics, Culture & Society</em>.</span></p> <h1>Argumentaire</h1> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">L’ambition de ce dossier sera d’interroger les relations entre logement social et (re)production de l’ordre social en situation coloniale et post-coloniale, envisagées dans une perspective intersectionnelle (Chauvin et Jaunait 2015), sous l’angle de la classe, du genre, de la race ou encore de la nationalité. Il s’agira de réfléchir à des espaces souvent pensés de fa</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>on disjointe - colonies et métropole - afin de clarifier les circulations entre métropole et colonies, saisir les legs coloniaux ou encore les effets de la décolonisation.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Le logement social est entendu ici de fa</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>on extensive pour inclure les logements dits « familiaux </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>(HBM et HLM), « spécifiques </span><span lang="IT">» </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">(foyers, cit</span>és de transit) ou encore « </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">adapt</span>és </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>construits dans certains espaces coloniaux à destination des « indigènes </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>ou des minorité</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">s ethno-raciales. R</span>épondant à des normes administratives et à des financements différents et correspondant à </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">divers statuts d</span>’occupation, ces logements ont en commun de voir leur construction et leur attribution encadrées par la puissance publique. Les traiter ensemble permet ainsi d’explorer le rôle de l’action étatique dans le gouvernement, l’encadrement et la distribution spatiale des populations qui constituent l’ordre social en contexte (post)impé</span><span lang="PT">rial.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;">Cette réflexion d’ensemble est guidée par une triple ambition :</p> <ul> <li class="CorpsA"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span class="AucunA">Un décloisonnement spatial. Analyser de fa</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>on globale une situation impériale, en traitant conjointement la métropole et les colonies, dans une perspective inspirée par les travaux de la </span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="EN-US">New Imperial History</span></em> (Stoler et Cooper 2020).</span></li> <li class="CorpsA"><!-- [if !supportLists]-->Un décloisonnement chronologique. Penser ensemble des périodes le plus souvent séparées par l’avant et l’après décolonisation de l’Algérie afin d’interroger les continuités impériales et les héritages coloniaux (Gildea 2020 ; Sidi Boumedine et Signoles, 2020 ; Guyon 2017).</li> <li class="CorpsA"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><!--[endif]-->Un décloisonnement des approches. Étendre au logement une interrogation sur l’articulation des politiques raciales et de genre en contexte colonial (Stoler 2002), qui a surtout été appliquée jusqu’ici aux politiques démographiques, qu’elles passent par l’organisation de migrations (Condon 2008 ; Pattieu 2016) ou par le contrôle du corps des femmes et de la natalité (Paris 2021 ; Saada 2007).</li> </ul> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">La chronologie retenue pour cet appel court des années 1920 à nos jours. Elle couvre la naissance d’une politique publique du logement social avec les lois Bonnevay de 1912 et Loucheur de 1928, le temps de la massification de la construction des HLM de la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale au milieu des années 1970, et la montée du thème de la « </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">ghetto</span>ïsation </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>et des politiques de la ville des années 1980 à nos jours. Pour permettre la comparaison entre des situations géographiques et historiques déjà trè</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="SV">s vari</span>ées, ce numéro se concentre sur l’Empire fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>ais et les espaces post-coloniaux qui en sont issus.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Pour chacune de ces grandes étapes, on retrouve, à travers divers espaces géographiques, la réitération de normes, d’acteurs et d’outils permettant la mise en place de ces politiques urbaines. Elles se traduisent néanmoins différemment en fonction des contextes, qui sont marqués par des dynamiques urbaines et de logement particulières. Cette variété est renforcée par les transformations provoquées par la décolonisation. Ce dossier s’attachera donc à analyser la diversité des contextes tout autant que les rapprochements et les comparaisons dans différentes parties de l’</span><span lang="IT">empire.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">La contribution des politiques de logement social à l’ordre colonial et post-colonial pourra ê</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">tre interrog</span>ée selon trois axes de travail :</span></p> <h3><span lang="IT">Axe 1. Cat</span>égoriser, trier et répartir : logement social et politiques de peuplement</h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">L’enjeu est d’interroger la participation du logement social à la mise en œuvre de politiques de peuplement dans les colonies et en métropole. De nombreux travaux ont montré le rôle central des politiques de logement pour « modifier ou maintenir la composition, sur un territoire donné, d’une population définie selon certains critères (de classe, de race, d’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">ethnicit</span>é, de genre, de religion ou autres </span><span lang="IT">» </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">(Desage </span><em>et al</em>. é</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">ds. 2014, p. 17). Si l</span>’expression « politiques de peuplement </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» a d</span>’abord dé</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">sign</span>é les déplacements de population organisés par les entreprises coloniales, elle fait son retour depuis une vingtaine d’années dans les politiques urbaines en métropole dans un contexte post-colonial. Les politiques de peuplement se saisissent alors de la construction, de la démolition et de la transformation des logements sociaux, mais aussi des modalités d’attribution de ces logements. Elles participent à la production d’un ordre spatial par le groupe majoritaire dont l’idéal est tantôt la séparation des groupes, tantôt son rapprochement à travers par exemple le mot d’ordre de la « </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">mixit</span>é sociale </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Les contributions porteront sur différents aspects des politiques de peuplement. Elles pourront analyser les catégories utilisées pour désigner les locataires (in)désirables, distinguer des sous-groupes d’habitant</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">·</span>es (Arnoulet et Tournon 2021 ; De Barros et Cohen 2019 ; Escafré-Dublet <em>et al</em>. 2020) et les répartir au sein de différents types de logements (Belmessous 2013 ; Palomares 2008). Elles pourront aussi interroger les modalités pratiques du tri, l’attitude des <em>street level bureaucrats</em> (Bourgeois 2019 ; Belmessous 2021 ; Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>ois 2023 ; Gilbert 2022 ; Lelévrier 2008 ; Sala Pala 2005) et l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">exp</span>érience du guichet par les (aspirant</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">·</span>es) locataires (Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>ois 2023 ; Léobal 2017). Enfin, elles pourront étudier les conséquences des politiques de peuplement sur la répartition spatiale des groupes sociaux et raciaux dans la ville (Clerval et Miot 2017 ; Desage 2012) ou sur les discriminations dans l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">acc</span>ès au logement (Condon 1994 ; Lyons 2006 ; Vulbeau 2021).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Les travaux existants sur ce sujet portent surtout sur l’espace métropolitain après la décolonisation. L’ambition de ce numéro est d’élargir ces analyses à un contexte impérial et post-impé</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">rial global. Il s</span>’agira donc d’interroger la circulation et la transformation des catégories d’un espace et d’une période à l’autre. On pourra aussi questionner la reconfiguration du sens et des objectifs donnés aux politiques de peuplement selon les contextes. Enfin, la prise en compte des statuts juridiques spécifiques et des législations d’exception, propres à la gestion coloniale des populations, permettra de mettre en perspective les marges de manœuvre des <em>street level bureaucrats</em> et des (futur</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">·</span>es) locataires, qui déterminent des formes de pouvoir discrétionnaire et des possibilités de résistance iné</span><span lang="PT">gales.</span></p> <h3>Axe 2. Le logement social, un outil de réforme morale au service de l’ordre colonial ?</h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Nous souhaitons également reprendre l’étude du projet de réforme morale qui traverse l’histoire du logement social (Voldman 2019) en analysant l’articulation de ses dimensions sociale, raciale et de genre, dans l’espace impérial et post-impé</span><span lang="PT">rial.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Le rôle des préoccupations hygiénistes et de moralisation de la classe ouvrière dans l’émergence des politiques de lutte contre l’habitat insalubre, dans la création des HBM et lors de l’invention des cités-jardins est aujourd’hui bien connu (Fijalkow 1998 ; Topalov 1999 ; Voldman 2010). Des travaux récents ont montré néanmoins que ces préoccupations morales ne se limitent pas à l’émergence du logement social et se reconfigurent selon les contextes. On les retrouve sous la forme d’un projet d’éducation à l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">habitat jug</span>é « </span><span lang="DA">moderne </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, soutenu par une représentation évolutionniste des différents groupes racialisés d’habitant</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">·</span>es, au moment de la construction de cités de transit, dans le contexte de la politique de résorption des bidonvilles des années 1960 (Cohen et David 2012 ; Vulbeau 2020). Cette dimension éducative est aussi présente dans « l’habitat indigène </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>construit dans les colonies dès les années 1920 (Guillopé 2023), puis dans le logement adapté créé dans les DOM à partir des années 1960 (Léobal 2022a). Ces préoccupations prennent aussi la forme d’une morale sexuelle et familiale, qui passe par la séparation imposée des sexes dans certains logements (Paris 2020 ; Pattieu 2016), par les normes régissant l’accord des titres de séjours (Cohen 2010, 2014) ou par la surveillance renforcée de certaines formes familiales (Gaullier 2008). Elles ont enfin une dimension politique, particulièrement prégnante dans le contexte de la décolonisation (Bernardot 2005 ; Pattieu 2016), mais aussi plus récemment dans les politiques de rénovation urbaine (Gilbert 2019).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Les propositions attendues pour cet axe pourront approcher cette question sous différents angles. Elles pourront s’inté</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">resser d</span>’abord au contenu de ces projets moraux ainsi qu’à ses reconfigurations spatiales et temporelles : comment comprendre par exemple la stigmatisation contemporaine des « grandes familles </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>(Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>ois 2014), alors que le logement de ces dernières constitue historiquement l’un des piliers du logement social (Frouard 2010) ? Elles pourront aussi rendre compte des techniques et des instruments mobilisés pour diffuser et inculquer cette morale aux locataires : architectures et organisation des logements, pratiques du travail social et de l’animation sociale et surveillance policière. Elles pourront enfin interroger les formes d’appropriation ou au contraire les résistances dont font l’objet ces entreprises de moralisation.</span></p> <h3>Axe 3. Co-présence dans le logement social : quotidienneté, racisme et solidarités</h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;">Le dernier axe de ce dossier s’éloigne des prescriptions des décideurs urbains pour s’intéresser aux situations concrètes de co-présence des groupes sociaux dans des contextes impériaux et post-impériaux.</p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Les premières recherches menées, dans les années 1950, sur ce thème résultent bien souvent de commandes publiques visant à analyser l’émergence de ce nouveau monde social que constituent les grands ensembles en métropole. Celles-ci sont néanmoins essentiellement à visées opérationnelles et sont sous-tendues par une vision largement enjolivée de ce que constitueraient ces nouveaux espaces en termes de mélange des populations (Chombart de Lauwe 1965).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">A ce titre, l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">enqu</span>ête de Jean-Claude Chamboredon et Madeleine Lemaire (Chamboredon et Lemaire 1970) reste indépassable dans la compréhension des rapports de classe qui se déploient dans les grands ensembles, analysant avec finesse les effets de proximité et distanciation en fonction des parcours résidentiels et des positions dans l’espace social. Les travaux de Colette Pétonnet (Pétonnet 1979) ont, pour leur part, mis la lumière sur les rapports ethno-raciaux, et dans une moindre mesure de genre, au sein des quartiers d’habitat social métropolitains, étudiant différentes configurations, de la cité de transit au logement social classique. Ce type d’étude a par la suite donné lieu à </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">des enqu</span>êtes mettant alternativement l’accent sur la classe (Cayouette-Remblière 2020 ; Pin</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>on 1981) ou sur la race, aussi qualifiée de « relations interethniques </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>(De Rudder 2019 ; Taboada-Leonetti 1989).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Nous proposons d’interroger à nouveaux frais cette question de la co-présence en adoptant une perspective intersectionnelle à même de pallier certains points aveugles des recherches précédentes et en élargissant ce questionnement aux territoires coloniaux. En effet, la plupart des études sont circonscrites à la France métropolitaine, laissant ainsi dans l’ombre d’autres territoires o</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">ù </span>se déploient du logement social. Sur ce point, on pourra s’inspirer de travaux récents sur les espaces coloniaux et ultramarins, en particulier la thèse de Thierry Guillopé </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">(Guillop</span>é 2023) sur l’Algérie, cherchant les traces d’une citadinité partagée et suivant l’évolution de cette situation en lien avec les transformations de l’ordre colonial jusqu’à la période de la décolonisation. Il met à l’épreuve la notion de « monde du contact </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">» </span>(Blanchard et Thénault 2011) qu’interrogent les spécialistes de l’empire. On pourra également travailler à partir des analyses proposées par Clémence Lé</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">obal (L</span>éobal 2022b) qui analyse l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">exp</span>érience citadine et les démarches administratives des femmes bushinenguées vivant en logement social à Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. Ces travaux ont en commun d’arrimer cette question de la co-présence à la situation coloniale et impériale et à l’ordre racial qui s’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">y d</span>éploie.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Dans la lignée de ces études, différentes configurations pourront ê</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">tre investigu</span>ées : d’une part toutes les situations témoignant des formes de co-présence ordinaire au sein du logement social ; d’autre part celles qui s’apparentent plutôt à des situations de solidarité </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DA">par-del</span>à les logiques d’assignations de classe, de race ou de genre ; enfin, les situations o</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">ù </span>des logiques racistes s’expriment plus ou moins ouvertement, allant de l’invective, du courrier en mairie ou au bailleur (David 2016 ; Vulbeau 2021) jusqu’aux meurtres (Brahim 2020) ou aux ratonnades (Thénault 2022).</span></p> <h1>Calendrier et modalités de publication</h1> <h3 class="CorpsA"><span class="AucunA">De</span>s textes de cadrage d’une page (hors bibliographie) sont attendus pour le 17 mars 2025. </h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;">Les propositions sont à envoyer à : <strong><span lang="IT">thierry.guillope@gmail.com</span>, <span lang="IT">violette.arnoulet@protonmail.com</span> </strong>et<strong> <span lang="NL">janoevulbeau@yahoo.fr</span></strong></p> <ul> <li>Les auteur<span lang="DE">·</span>es re<span lang="PT">ç</span>oivent une ré<span lang="EN-US">ponse </span>à leurs propositions début avril 2025.</li> <li>Les auteur<span lang="DE">·</span>es retenues envoient une première version de leur texte en juillet 2025.</li> <li>Ces versions seront discutées lors d’un séminaire d’échange entre auteur<span lang="DE">·</span>es le 11 juillet 2025.</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Les papiers sont à rendre pour la fin septembre 2025 afin d’être soumis à <span lang="IT">l’</span>é<span lang="EN-US">valuation</span></p> <h1>Équipe coordinatrice</h1> <ul> <li>Violette Arnoulet</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Docteure en sociologie et chercheuse associée au Lab’urba, elle a soutenu en avril 2023 une thè<span lang="IT">se dirig</span>ée par Christine Lelévrier et intitulée : Les communistes et les « quartiers <span lang="IT">» </span>: sociohistoire d’un pouvoir municipal engagé dans la politique de la ville (Stains 1971-2018).</p> <ul> <li>Thierry Guillopé </li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Docteur en histoire (2023) et chercheur associé au Centre d’histoire sociale des mondes contemporains. Sa thèse portait sur les politiques du logement social en Algérie des années 1920 aux années 1960. Il est co-coordinateur d’un programme de recherche sur les archives de l’Algérie (« Réinterroger les archives de l’Algé<span lang="DE">rie </span><span lang="IT">»</span>, 2024-2025) et post-doctorant au Laboratoire de recherche historique Rhône-Alpes (LARHRA) dans le cadre d’une recherche dédiée à l’histoire de la santé et de l’environnement dans le second 20e siè<span lang="IT">cle.</span></p> <ul> <li>Janoé Vulbeau </li> </ul> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Docteur en histoire et chercheur associé au CERAPS. Il a soutenu une thèse en 2021 intitulée : Roubaix, la construction d’une ville face aux Algériens, 1957-1990 sous la direction de Thibault Tellier. Il a, par la suite, été post-doctorant au sein de l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">ANR MIGRINDOM consacr</span>ée aux migrations ultramarines en mé</span><span lang="IT">tropole.</span></p> <h1>Bibliographie indicative</h1> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Arnoulet, Violette et Mariana Tournon. 2021. « Racialiser les locataires. Naissance de politiques de peuplement et entreprises de catégorisation dans deux cité</span><span lang="DE">s HLM </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Terrains & travaux</em></span><span lang="PT">, vol. 2, no 39 : 189-213</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Belmessous, Fatiha. 2013. </span>« Du </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">“</span>seuil de tolérance” à la </span><span lang="DE">“</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">mixit</span>é sociale</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU">” </span>: répartition et mise à l’écart des immigrés dans l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">agglom</span>ération lyonnaise (1970–2000) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Belgéo</em>, n° 3, En ligne : </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">http://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/11540</span>.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Belmessous, Fatiha. 2021. </span>« Georges Martin, un fonctionnaire ordinaire de l’administration coloniale fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>aise à Lyon (1940-1960) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Terrains & Travaux</em>, vol. 2, n° 39 : 31-59.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Bernardot, Marc. 2005. « Ê</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">tre intern</span>é au Larzac. La politique d’assignation à résidence surveillée durant la guerre d’Algérie (1958-1962) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, </span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="DE">Politix</span></em>, vol. 1, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">° </span>69 : 39-61.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Blanchard, Emmanuel et Thénault, Sylvie. 2011. « </span><span lang="IT">Quel </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">“</span>monde du contact</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU">” </span>? Pour une histoire sociale de l’Algérie pendant la période coloniale </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Le Mouvement Social</em>, vol. 3, n° 236 : 3-7.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Bourgeois, Marine. 2019. <em>Tris et sélections des populations dans le logement social. Une ethnographie comparée de trois villes fran</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">ç</span>aises</em>. Paris : Dalloz. </span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;">Brahim, Rachida. 2020. <span class="AucunA"><em>La Race tue deux fois. Une histoire des crimes racistes en France (1970-2000)</em></span>, Paris : Éditions Syllepse.</p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">Cayouette-Rembli</span>ère, Joanie. 2020. « Les rapports sociaux dans les quartiers de mixité sociale programmée </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Sociologie</em>, vol. 1, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">°</span> 11 : 1-22.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Chamboredon, Jean-Claude et Lemaire, Madeleine. 1970. « </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">Proximit</span>é spatiale et distance sociale. Les grands ensembles et leur peuplement </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Revue Fran</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">ç</span>aise de Sociologie</em>, vol. 1, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">°</span> 11 : 3-33.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Chauvin, Sébastien et Jaunait </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DA">Alexandre</span>. 2015. « L’intersectionnalité contre l’intersection </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Raisons politiques</em>, vol. 2, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">°</span> 58 : 55-74.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Chombart de Lauwe, Paul-Henry. 1965. <em>Essais de sociologie 1952-1964</em>, Paris : Les Éditions ouvriè</span><span lang="PT">res.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Clerval, Anne et Miot, Yann. 2017. « Inégalités et habitat en Île-de-France</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: quelles conséquences des politiques de renouvellement urbain sur le peuplement</span><span lang="RU"> ? </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Espaces et sociétés</em>, vol. 170, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">°</span> 3 : 51.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">Cohen, Muriel. 2014. </span>« Contradictions et exclusions dans la politique de regroupement familial en France (1945-1984) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Annales de démographie historique</em>, vol. 2, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">°</span> 128 : 187-213.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">Cohen, Muriel. 2010. </span>« “Qui tient la femme tient tout” Le contrôle de l’immigration familiale algérienne dans la France des Trente glorieuses </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Regards sociologiques</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">, n</span><span lang="IT">°</span><span lang="ES-TRAD"> 39 : 55-69.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">Cohen, Muriel, David, C</span>édric. 2012. « Les cités de transit : le traitement urbain de la pauvreté à l’heure de la décolonisation </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Métropolitiques</em>, En ligne : https:// metropolitiques.eu/Les-cites-de-transit-le-traitement.html.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Collectif, 2022, </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">“</span>Cohabiter dans la ville : troubles, résistances, coopérations”</span><span lang="PT">,<em> Espaces et Sociétés, </em>vol. 3-4, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">° </span>186-187.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Collectif, 2017, </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">“</span>Maghreb-Indochine, comparaisons impériales”, <em>Monde(s)</em>, vol. 2, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">° </span>12.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">Condon, St</span>éphanie. 2008. « Travail et genre dans l’histoire des migrations antillaises </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Travail, genre et sociétés</em></span>, vol. 2, n° 20 : 67-86.</p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">Condon, St</span>éphanie. 1994. « L’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">acc</span>ès au logement</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: le cas des Antillais en France et en Grande- Bretagne </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Population</em>, vol. 2, n° 49 : 522-530.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">David, Cédric. 2016. « Logement social des immigrants et politique municipale en banlieue ouvrière (Saint-Denis, 1944-1995). Histoire d’une improbable citoyenneté urbaine </span><span lang="IT">»</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">, Th</span>èse de doctorat en histoire, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Dé</span><span lang="PT">fense.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">De Rudder, Véronique. 2019. <em>Sociologie du racisme</em>, Paris : Éditions Syllepse.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="ES-TRAD">De Barros, Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>oise et Cohen, </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">Muriel. 2019. </span>« Entre politiques urbaines et contrôle des migrants</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: la décolonisation inachevée des recensements des bidonvilles en France (années 1950-années 1970) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Histoire & mesure</em>, XXXIV, n° 1 : 151-184.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Desage, Fabien. 2012. </span>« </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">La s</span>égrégation par omission</span><span lang="RU"> </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">? Incapacit</span>és politiques métropolitaines et spécialisation sociale des territoires </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Géographie, économie, société</em></span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 14, n</span>° 2 : 197-226.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Desage, Fabien, Morel Journel, Christelle, Sala Pala Val</span>érie (ed.). 2014. <em>Le peuplement comme politiques</em>, Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">Escafr</span>é-Dublet, Angéline, Lionel Kesztenbaum et Patrick Simon. 2020. « Quand le recensement comptait les Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>ais musulmans </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, </span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="EN-US">Population & Soci</span>étés</em>, vol. 11, n° 583 : 1-4.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Fijalkow, Yankel. 1998. <em>La construction des îlots insalubres, Paris, 1850-1945</em>, Paris : L’</span><span lang="IT">Harmattan.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">çois, Camille. 2023. </span><em>De gré et de force. Comment l’État expulse les pauvres</em>, Paris : La Découverte.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Fran</span><span lang="PT">ç</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">ois, Camille. 2014. </span>« Disperser les ménages</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: groupes résidentiels et familiaux à l’épreuve de la démolition d’un grand ensemble </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales</em></span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 4, n</span>° 204 : 102-117.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Frouard, Hélène. 2010. « À l’ombre des familles nombreuses</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: les politiques fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>aises du logement au XX<sup>e</sup> siè</span><span lang="EN-US">cle </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Revue d’histoire moderne contemporaine</em>, vol. 2, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">°</span> 57 : 115-131.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Gaullier, Pauline. 2008. </span>« </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">La d</span>écohabitation et le relogement des familles polygames. Un malaise politique émaillé d’injonctions contradictoires </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Recherches et Prévisions</em>, vol. 1, n° 94 : 59-69.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Gilbert, Pierre. 2022. « Classe, race et autochtonie</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: tri institutionnel des </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">“</span>bons locataires” </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DA">et s</span>égrégation dans les cité</span><span lang="DE">s HLM </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Sociologie</em>, vol. 2, n° 13 : 159-180.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Gilbert, Pierre. 2019. « Fragmenter la population et défaire les collectifs militants. La rénovation urbaine comme dispositif de désarmement des mobilisations collectives </span><span lang="IT">»</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">, in St</span>éphanie Dechézelles et Maurice Olive (ed.) <em>Politisation du proche</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="RU"> </span>: les lieux familiers comme espaces de mobilisation</em>, Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Gildea, Robert. 2020. <em>L’Esprit impé</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">rial. Pass</span>é colonial et politiques du présent</em>, Paris : Passé</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">s compos</span>é</span><span lang="PT">s.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Guillop</span>é, Thierry. 2023. « Le logement social en Algé</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DE">rie </span>à la période coloniale (années 1920 - 1960) </span><span lang="IT">»</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">, Th</span>èse de doctorat en histoire, Université Gustave Eiffel.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Guyon, Stéphanie. 2017. « Trajectoires post-coloniales de l’</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">assimilation »</span>, </span><em><span lang="DE">Politix</span></em><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 4, n</span>° 116 : 9-28.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Lelévrier, Christine. 2008. « Pratiques de logeurs</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: de la mixité au processus de regroupements </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>in</em> Marie-Christine Jaillet, Fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>ois Ménard et Evelyne Perrin (ed), </span><em><span lang="DE">Diversit</span>é sociale, ségrégation urbaine</em><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">, mixit</span>é, Paris : Éditions du PUCA : 233-248.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Léobal, Clémence. 2022<em>a</em>. « Les couleurs du logement social Racialisations croisées et marquages de l’habiter en Guyane fran</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">ç</span>aise </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Terrains & travaux</em>, vol. 2, n° 39 : 61-86.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Léobal, Clémence. 2022<em>b</em>. <em>Ville noire, pays blanc. Habiter et lutter en Guyane fran</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">ç</span>aise</em>, Lyon : Presses universitaires de Lyon.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Léobal, Clémence. 2017. « Des marches pour un logement. Demandeuses bushinenguées et administrations bakaa (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, </span><em><span lang="DE">Politix</span></em><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 4, n</span>° 116 : 163-192.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">Lyons, Amelia H. 2006. </span>« Des bidonvilles aux HLM. Le logement des familles algériennes en France avant l’indépendance de l’Algé</span><span lang="DE">rie </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Hommes & migrations</em>, vol. 1264, n° 1 : 35-49.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Palomares, </span>Élise. 2008. « </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">Itin</span>éraire du credo de la </span><span lang="RU">« </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">mixit</span>é sociale</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> » »</span>, </span><em><span lang="PT">Projet</span></em><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 6, n</span>° 307 : 23-29.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Paris, Myriam. 2021. « La racialisation d’une politique publique</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: le contrô</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="ES-TRAD">le de la natalit</span>é à </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">La R</span>éunion (années 1960-1970) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, </span><em><span lang="DE">Politix</span></em><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 3, n</span>° 131 : 29-52.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Paris, Myriam. 2020. « Citoyenneté refusée</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: les employées domestiques face à </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">la r</span>égulation du travail à </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">La R</span>éunion (1945-1960) </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Travail, genre et sociétés</em>, vol. 2, n° 44 : 49-65.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Pattieu, Sylvain. 2016. « Un traitement spécifique des migrations d’outre-mer</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: le BUMIDOM (1963-1982) et ses ambiguïtés </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, </span><em><span lang="DE">Politix</span></em><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 4, n</span>° 116 : 81.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Pé</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">tonnet, Colette. 1979. </span><em>On est tous dans le brouillard. Ethnologie des banlieues</em>, Paris : Galilé</span><span lang="IT">e.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Pin</span><span lang="PT">ç</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">on, Michel. 1981. </span>« Habitat et modes de vie. La cohabitation des groupes sociaux dans un ensemble H.L.M. </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Revue fran</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">ç</span>aise de sociologie</em>, vol. 22, n° 4 : 523-547.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Saada, Emmanuelle. 2007. </span><em>Les enfants de la colonie. Les métis de l’Empire fran</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">ç</span>ais entre sujétion et citoyenneté</em>, Paris : La Découverte.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Sala Pala, Val</span>érie. 2005. « Politique du logement social et construction des frontières ethniques. Une comparaison franco-britannique </span><span lang="IT">»</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">, Th</span>èse de doctorat en sciences politiques, Université </span><span lang="DE">de Rennes 1.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Sidi Boumedine, Rachid</span> et Signoles, Pierre. 2020. « Dossier. Les politiques de logement social au Maghreb / Machrek et dans le Sud Global </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, </span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="PT">Naqd</span></em>, n</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">° </span>38-39.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="DA">Stoler, Ann Laura. 2002. </span><em><span lang="EN-US">Carnal knowledge and imperial power: race and the intimate in colonial rule</span></em><span lang="EN-US">, Berkeley : University of California Press.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="DA">Stoler, Ann Laura</span> et Cooper, Frederic. 2020. <em>Repenser le colonialisme</em>, Paris : Payot.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">Taboada-Leonetti, Isabelle. 1989. </span>« Cohabitation pluri-ethnique dans la ville</span><span lang="RU"> </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">: strat</span>égies d’insertion locale et phénomènes identitaires </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Revue européenne des migrations internationales</em></span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">, vol. 5, n</span>° 2 : 51-70.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">Th</span>énault, Sylvie. 2022. <em>Les ratonnades d’Alger, 1956. Une histoire de racisme colonial</em>, Paris : Éditions du Seuil.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Topalov, Christian. 1999. <em>Laboratoires du nouveau siè</em></span><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="IT">cle. La n</span>ébuleuse réformatrice et ses réseaux en France, 1880-1914</em>, Paris : Éditions de l’</span><span lang="DE">EHESS.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Voldman, Danièle. 2019. « Éduquer les locataires. Un mandat historique du logement social </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Métropolitiques</em>, En ligne : https://metropolitiques.eu/Les-cites-de-transit-le-traitement.html.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Voldman, Danièle. 2010. <em>Désirs de toit</em></span><em><span lang="RU"> </span>: le logement entre désir et contrainte depuis la fin du XIXe siè</em><span class="AucunA"><em><span lang="EN-US">cle</span></em>, Paris : Cré</span><span lang="DE">aphis.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Vulbeau, Janoé. 2021. « </span><span lang="PT">Roubaix</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="RU"> </span>: la construction d’une ville face aux Algériens. Politiques urbaines et racialisation (1950-1990) </span><span lang="IT">»</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">, Th</span>èse de doctorat en histoire, Université de Rennes.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span class="AucunA">Vulbeau, Janoé. 2020. « Reloger les familles populaires dans les années 1960, entre gestion des familles </span><span lang="DE">“</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="PT">inadapt</span>ées” et ethnicisation de la question sociale </span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="IT">»</span>, <em>Droit et Ville</em>, vol. 1, n° 89 : 147-163.</span></p> </div> <div id="annonce-1229482-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">To be published in <em>French Politics, Culture & Society</em>.</span></p> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Presentation of the issue</span></h1> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The aim of this issue is to examine the relationship between public housing and the reproduction of social order in colonial and post-colonial contexts from an intersectional perspective (Chauvin and Jaunait 2015 ; Crenshaw 1989) through the lenses of class, gender, race and/or nationality. The aim is to examine spaces that are often considered separate – the colonies and the metropole – in the same analytical frame, in order to uncover circulation between the metropole and colonies, understand colonial legacies, and explore the effects of decolonization.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Public housing is broadly conceptualized to include so-called “family housing” (HBM and HLM), “specific housing” (such as <em>foyers de travailleurs</em> and temporary housing) or “adapted housing” (such as <em>logements évolutifs</em>) constructed in certain colonial areas for “indigenous” or ethno-racial minorities. Although they were built according to different administrative and financial norms, and correspond to different occupancy regulations, all of them are overseen by public authorities, particularly the construction and allocation of public housing. Treating them together enables us to explore the role of the state in governing, framing, and spatially distributing various populations in a (post)imperial context.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">This overall approach is guided by three goals:</span></p> <ul> <li class="CorpsA"><span lang="EN-US">Reevaluating space. A global analysis of an imperial order, with a joint treatment of the metropole and colonies, from a perspective inspired by the work of <em>New Imperial History</em> (Stoler and Cooper 1997).</span></li> <li class="CorpsA"><span lang="EN-US">Reevaluating chronology. Reconsidering periodization that is often separated by the pre- and post-decolonization of Algeria in order to interrogate imperial continuities and colonial legacies (Gildea 2019; Sidi Boumedine and Signoles 2020; Guyon 2017).</span></li> <li class="CorpsA"><span lang="EN-US">Reevaluating methodology. Applying the interrogation on the articulation of colonial racial and gender policies (Stoler 2002) to housing policy, when this interrogation has hitherto mainly been applied to demographic policies, whether related to migration (Condon 2008; Pattieu 2016) or reproduction (Paris 2021; Saada 2007).</span></li> </ul> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The time period chosen for this issue runs from the 1920s to the present day. It covers the birth of public housing policy with the Bonnevay law of 1912 and the Loucheur law of 1928, the period of mass construction of low-cost housing during the <em>Trente Glorieuses</em> and the rise of “ghettoization” and urban policies from the 1980s to the present day. To encourage comparisons between varied geographical and historical contexts, this issue focuses both on the French Empire and the post-colonial spaces that have emerged in its aftermath.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Throughout these periods, we find, across different geographical areas, the reiteration of norms, actors, and tools enabling the implementation of these housing policies. However, they take on different forms in different contexts, each marked by its own particular urban and housing dynamics. This variation is reinforced by the transformations brought about by decolonization. This issue will therefore focus on analyzing the diversity of contexts, as well as on comparisons between different parts of the (former) empire.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">We welcome scholarship related to public housing policies and its contribution to the colonial and post-colonial order related, but not limited, to any of the following themes or questions.</span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">Categorizing, dividing and distributing: public housing and settlement policies</span></h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The aim is to examine how public housing drove settlement policies in the (ex)colonies and in mainland France. Many works have shown the central role of housing policies in the spatial distribution of populations according to criteria of class, race, ethnicity, gender, religion or other (Desage et <em>al.</em> eds. 2014). While the term “settlement policies” originally referred to population movements organized by colonial enterprises, it has reemerged over the last twenty years or so in French post-colonial urban policies. Settlement policies refer to the construction, demolition, and conversion of public housing, as well as with its allocation. They help produce a spatial order whose goals are often varied: sometimes effectively segregating populations, while other times integrating them, for example as part of an intentional « social mixing ».</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Contributions to the issue can focus on different aspects of settlement policies. They may analyze the categories used to designate (un)desirable tenants, distinguish sub-groups of residents (Arnoulet and Tournon 2021; De Barros and Cohen 2019; Escafré-Dublet et <em>al</em>. 2020) and allocate them to different types of housing (Belmessous 2013; Palomares 2008). They may also question the practicalities of separating social groups, the attitude of street level bureaucrats (Bourgeois 2019; Belmessous 2021; François 2023; Gilbert 2022; Lelévrier 2008; Sala Pala 2005) and how tenants and prospective tenants resist these policies (François 2023; Léobal 2017). Finally, contributions may also explore the consequences of settlement policies on the spatial distribution of social and racial groups (Clerval and Miot 2017; Desage 2012) or on discrimination in access to housing (Condon 1994; Lyons 2013; Vulbeau 2021).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Existing work on this subject focuses on metropolitan space after decolonization. The hope is that this issue can extend these lines of inquiry to a global imperial and post-imperial context. The aim of this issue is to examine the circulation and transformation of these categories across time and space. Finally, considering the power of legal and legislative policies in the management of colonial populations will help us to consider the role of street-level bureaucrats and the ways tenants negotiated and maneuvered, determining the forms of discretionary power at play and unequal possibilities of resistance.</span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">Public housing as a tool for moral reform in service of the colonial order</span></h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">We also welcome contributions that study the questions of moral reform that run through the history of public housing (Voldman 2019) by analyzing the articulation of social, racial and gender dynamics in imperial and post-imperial spaces.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The role of hygiene and the moralization of the working class in the emergence of policies to combat substandard housing, in the creations of both HBMs and garden cities is now well known (Fijalkow 1998; Topalov 1999; Voldman 2010). Recent research has shown, however, that these moral concerns are not limited to the emergence of social housing. We find them in the form of a housing education project deemed “modern”, underpinned by an evolutionnist representation of different racialized groups of inhabitants, at the time of the construction of <em>cités de transit</em> and the slum-clearing policies of the 1960s (Cohen and David 2012; Vulbeau 2020). This educational and moral dimension is also present in the “indigenous housing” built in the colonies from the 1920s onwards (Guillopé 2023), then in the “adapted housing” created in the French overseas departments from the 1960s onwards (Léobal 2022<em>a</em>).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">These concerns also take the form of sexual and family morality, through the enforced separation of the sexes in certain housing units (Paris 2020; Pattieu 2016), the norms governing who was granted residence permits (Cohen 2010, 2014), or the surveillance of certain family structures (Gaullier 2008). Finally, these concerns have a political dimension, which was particularly prominent in the context of decolonization (Bernardot 2005; Pattieu 2016), but also more recently in urban renewal policies (Gilbert 2019).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">We welcome proposals that address these questions from different angles. For example, how are we to understand the contemporary stigmatization of “large families” (François 2014), when housing them has historically been one of the pillars of social housing (Frouard 2010)? Proposals can also take account of the techniques and tools used to disseminate and inculcate this morality in tenants: housing architecture and organization, social work and social animation practices, and police surveillance. Finally, they may examine the forms of resistance to or appropriation of these moralizing projects.</span></p> <h3><span lang="EN-US">Living together in social housing: everyday life, racism and solidarity</span></h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The final theme of this issue moves away from the prescriptions of urban decision-makers to focus on concrete situations of different social groups sharing space in imperial and post-imperial contexts.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">The first examinations of this question in the 1950s were often the result of public commissions aimed at analyzing the emergence of the new social world represented by large-scale housing projects in metropolitan France. However, they were essentially operationally-focused, underpinned by a largely embellished vision of what these new areas would represent in terms of population mixing (Chombart de Lauwe 1965).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">In this respect, Jean-Claude Chamboredon and Madeleine Lemaire’s survey (Chamboredon and Lemaire 1970) remains unrivalled in its understanding of the class relations that unfold in large housing projects, analyzing the effects of proximity and distance as a function of residential paths and positions in social space. Colette Pétonnet’s work (Pétonnet 1979), for its part, sheds light on racial and, to a lesser extent, gender relations within metropolitan social housing districts, studying different configurations, from transit housing to classic social housing. This type of study has subsequently given rise to surveys alternately focusing on class (Cayouette-Remblière 2020; Pinçon 1981) or race, also referred to as “interethnic relations” (De Rudder 2019; Taboada-Leonetti 1989).</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">We propose to take a fresh look at this question of communal living and communal space, adopting an intersectional perspective that can overcome some of the blind spots in previous research, and extending this line of inquiry to colonial territories. Indeed, most studies are confined to metropolitan France, leaving other territories where social housing is deployed understudied. On this point, we can draw inspiration from recent work on colonial and overseas areas, in particular Thierry Guillopé’s recently defended dissertation (Guillopé 2023) on Algeria, which examined everyday urban experience and inhabitants’ trajectories caught up in the colonial order and its changes until the era of decolonization. The study tests the notion of a “world of contact” (Blanchard and Thénault 2011) that scholars of colonialism question. We could also work from the analyses proposed by Clémence Léobal (Léobal 2022<em>b</em>), who analyzes the urban experience and administrative procedures of Bushinengue women living in public housing in Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. What these works have in common is that they link the question of groups living alongside one another to the racial order that unfolds out of colonial and imperial realities. </span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">In line with these studies, various lines of inquiry could be investigated: on the one hand, questions related to social integration within social housing; on the other, those that probe situations of solidarity beyond the logics of class, race or gender assignments. Finally, studies that explore situations when racial logic is expressed more or less openly, ranging from outright abuse, letters to the town hall or landlord (David 2016; Vulbeau 2021), or even violence (Brahim 2020) and hate crimes, including ‘‘<em>ratonnades’’</em> (Thénault 2022).</span><span lang="EN-US"> <br></span></p> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Timetable and publication details</span></h1> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">One-page proposals/abstr</span><span lang="EN-US">acts (excluding bibliography) are due </span></p> <h3 class="CorpsA"><span lang="EN-US">by </span><span lang="EN-US">March 17, 2025</span><span lang="EN-US">. </span></h3> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Proposals should be sent to: <strong>thierry.guillope@gmail.com, violette.arnoulet@protonmail.com </strong>and<strong> janoevulbeau@yahoo.fr</strong></span></p> <ul> <li><span lang="EN-US">Authors will receive a response to their proposals in early April 2025.</span></li> <li><span lang="EN-US">Selected authors will send a first draft of their article in July 2025.</span></li> <li><span lang="EN-US">Papers will be discussed at an author exchange seminar on July 11, 2025.</span></li> <li><span lang="EN-US">Papers are due back by the end of September 2025 for evaluation (peer reviewing).</span></li> </ul> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Special Issue Guest Editors</span></h1> <ul> <li><span lang="EN-US">Violette Arnoulet <br></span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">PhD in sociology (2023) and associate researcher at Lab’urba. Her thesis, directed by Christine Lelévrier, is entitled, “Les communistes et les ‘quartiers’ : sociohistoire d'un pouvoir municipal engagé dans la politique de la ville (Stains 1971-2018).”</span></p> <ul> <li><span lang="EN-US">Thierry Guillopé</span></li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">PhD in history (2023) and research associate at the Centre d’histoire sociale des mondes contemporains (CHS). His thesis focused on social housing policies in Algeria from the 1920s to the 1960s. He is post-doctoral researcher at Laboratoire de recherche historique Rhône-Alpes (LARHRA) on the history of health and the environment in the second 20th century.</span></p> <ul> <li class="CorpsA"><span lang="EN-US">Janoé Vulbeau </span><strong><span lang="EN-US"><br></span></strong></li> </ul> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">PhD in history and research associate at CERAPS. He defended a thesis in 2021 entitled, “Roubaix, la construction d’une ville face aux Algériens, 1957-1990” under the supervision of Thibault Tellier. He then worked as a post-doctoral researcher with the ANR MIGRINDOM research program on overseas migration to mainland France.</span></p> <h1><span lang="EN-US">Selected bibliography </span></h1> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Arnoulet, Violette et Tournon, Mariana. 2021. « Racialiser les locataires. Naissance de politiques de peuplement et entreprises de catégorisation dans deux cités HLM », <em>Terrains & travaux</em>, vol. 2, n° 39 : 189-213.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Belmessous, Fatiha. 2013. « Du “seuil de tolérance” à la “mixité sociale” : répartition et mise à l’écart des immigrés dans l’agglomération lyonnaise (1970–2000) », <em>Belgéo</em>, n° 3, En ligne : </span><a href="http://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/11540"><span lang="EN-US">http://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/11540</span></a><span lang="EN-US">.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Belmessous, Fatiha. 2021. « Georges Martin, un fonctionnaire ordinaire de l’administration coloniale française à Lyon (1940-1960) », <em>Terrains & Travaux</em>, vol. 2, n° 39 : 31-59.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Bernardot, Marc. 2005. « Être interné au Larzac. La politique d’assignation à résidence surveillée durant la guerre d’Algérie (1958-1962) », <em>Politix</em>, vol. 1, n° 69 : 39-61.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Blanchard, Emmanuel et Thénault, Sylvie. 2011. « Quel “monde du contact” ? Pour une histoire sociale de l’Algérie pendant la période coloniale », <em>Le Mouvement Social</em>, vol. 3, n° 236 : 3-7.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Bourgeois, Marine. 2019. <em>Tris et sélections des populations dans le logement social. Une ethnographie comparée de trois villes françaises</em>. Paris : Dalloz. </span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Brahim, Rachida. 2020. <span class="AucunA"><em>La Race tue deux fois. Une histoire des crimes racistes en France (1970-2000)</em></span>, Paris : Éditions Syllepse.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Cayouette-Remblière, Joanie. 2020. « Les rapports sociaux dans les quartiers de mixité sociale programmée », <em>Sociologie</em>, vol. 1, n° 11 : 1-22.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Chamboredon, Jean-Claude et Lemaire, Madeleine. 1970. « Proximité spatiale et distance sociale. Les grands ensembles et leur peuplement », <em>Revue Française de Sociologie</em>, vol. 1, n° 11 : 3-33.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Chauvin, Sébastien et Jaunait, Alexandre. 2015. « L’intersectionnalité contre l’intersection », <em>Raisons politiques</em>, vol. 2, n° 58 : 55-74.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Chombart de Lauwe, Paul-Henry. 1965. <em>Essais de sociologie 1952-1964</em>, Paris : Les Éditions ouvrières.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Clerval, Anne et Miot, Yoan. 2017. « Inégalités et habitat en Île-de-France : quelles conséquences des politiques de renouvellement urbain sur le peuplement ? », <em>Espaces et sociétés</em>, vol. 170, n° 3 : 51.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Cohen, Muriel. 2014. « Contradictions et exclusions dans la politique de regroupement familial en France (1945-1984) », <em>Annales de démographie historique</em>, vol. 2, n° 128 : 187-213.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Cohen, Muriel. 2010. « “Qui tient la femme tient tout” Le contrôle de l’immigration familiale algérienne dans la France des Trente glorieuses », <em>Regards sociologiques</em>, n° 39 : 55-69.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Cohen, Muriel et David, Cédric. 2012. « Les cités de transit : le traitement urbain de la pauvreté à l’heure de la décolonisation », <em>Métropolitiques</em>, En ligne : https:// metropolitiques.eu/Les-cites-de-transit-le-traitement.html.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Collectif, 2022, “Cohabiter dans la ville : troubles, résistances, coopérations”, <em>Espaces et sociétés, </em>vol. 3-4, n° 186-187.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Collectif, 2017, “Maghreb-Indochine, comparaisons impériales”, <em>Monde(s)</em>, vol. 2, n° 12.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Condon, Stéphanie. 2008. « Travail et genre dans l’histoire des migrations antillaises », <em>Travail, genre et sociétés</em>, vol. 2, n° 20 : 67-86.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Condon, Stéphanie. 1994. « L’accès au logement : le cas des Antillais en France et en Grande-Bretagne », <em>Population</em>, vol. 2, no 49 : 522-530. </span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Crenshaw, Kimberlé, W. 1989. « Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex. A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics », <em>University of Chicago Legal Forum</em>, vol. 1, p. 139</span><span class="AucunA"><span lang="EN-US">‑</span><span lang="EN-US">167.</span></span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">David, Cédric. 2016. « Logement social des immigrants et politique municipale en banlieue ouvrière (Saint-Denis, 1944-1995). Histoire d’une improbable citoyenneté urbaine », Thèse de doctorat en histoire, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">De Rudder, Véronique. 2019. <em>Sociologie du racisme</em>, Paris : Éditions Syllepse.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">De Barros, Françoise et Cohen, Muriel. 2019. « Entre politiques urbaines et contrôle des migrants : la décolonisation inachevée des recensements des bidonvilles en France (années 1950-années 1970) », <em>Histoire & mesure</em>, XXXIV, no 1 : 151-184.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Desage, Fabien. 2012. « La ségrégation par omission ? Incapacités politiques métropolitaines et spécialisation sociale des territoires », <em>Géographie, économie, société</em>, vol. 14, no 2 : 197-226.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Desage, Fabien, Morel Journel, Christelle, Sala Pala Valérie (éds.). 2014. <em>Le peuplement comme politiques</em>, Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Escafré-Dublet, Angéline, Kesztenbaum, Lionel, Simon, Patrick. 2020. « Quand le recensement comptait les Français musulmans », <em>Population & Sociétés</em>, vol. 11, no 583 : 1-4.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Fijalkow, Yankel. 1998. <em>La construction des îlots insalubres, Paris, 1850-1945</em>, Paris : L’Harmattan.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">François, Camille. 2023. <em>De gré et de force. Comment l’État expulse les pauvres</em>, Paris : La Découverte.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">François, Camille. 2014. « Disperser les ménages : groupes résidentiels et familiaux à l’épreuve de la démolition d’un grand ensemble », <em>Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales</em>, vol. 4, no 204 : 102-117.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Frouard, Hélène. 2010. « À l’ombre des familles nombreuses : les politiques françaises du logement au XXe siècle », <em>Revue d’histoire moderne contemporaine</em>, vol. 2, no 57 : 115-131.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Gaullier, Pauline. 2008. « La décohabitation et le relogement des familles polygames. Un malaise politique émaillé d’injonctions contradictoires », <em>Recherches et Prévisions</em>, vol. 1, no 94 : 59-69.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Gilbert, Pierre. 2022. « Classe, race et autochtonie : tri institutionnel des “bons locataires” et ségrégation dans les cités HLM », <em>Sociologie</em>, vol. 2, no 13 : 159-180.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Gilbert, Pierre. 2019. « Fragmenter la population et défaire les collectifs militants. La rénovation urbaine comme dispositif de désarmement des mobilisations collectives », in Stéphanie Dechézelles et Maurice Olive (éds.) <em>Politisation du proche : les lieux familiers comme espaces de mobilisation</em>, Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Gildea, Robert. 2021. <em>Empires of the Mind. The Colonial Past and the Politics of the Present</em>. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. </span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Guillopé, Thierry. 2023. « Le logement social en Algérie à la période coloniale (années 1920 - 1960) », Thèse de doctorat en histoire, Université Gustave Eiffel.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Guyon, Stéphanie. 2017. « Trajectoires post-coloniales de l’assimilation », <em>Politix</em>, vol. 4, n° 116 : 9-28.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Lelévrier, Christine. 2008. « Pratiques de logeurs : de la mixité au processus de regroupements », in Marie-Christine Jaillet, François Ménard et Evelyne Perrin (éds.), <em>Diversité sociale, ségrégation urbaine, mixité</em>, Paris : Éditions du PUCA: 233-248.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Léobal, Clémence. 2022a. « Les couleurs du logement social Racialisations croisées et marquages de l’habiter en Guyane française », <em>Terrains & travaux</em>, vol. 2, n° 39 : 61-86.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Léobal, Clémence. 2022b. <em>Ville noire, pays blanc. Habiter et lutter en Guyane française</em>, Lyon : Presses universitaires de Lyon.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Léobal, Clémence. 2017. « Des marches pour un logement. Demandeuses bushinenguées et administrations bakaa (Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Guyane) », <em>Politix</em>, vol. 4, n° 116 : 163-192.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Lyons, H. Amelia. 2013. <span class="AucunA"><em>The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole. Algerian Families and the French Welfare State during Decolonization</em></span>. Stanford : Stanford University Press. </span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Palomares, Élise. 2008. « Itinéraire du credo de la “mixité sociale” », <em>Projet</em>, vol. 6, n° 307 : 23-29.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Paris, Myriam. 2021. « La racialisation d’une politique publique : le contrôle de la natalité à La Réunion (années 1960-1970) », <em>Politix</em>, vol. 3, n° 131 : 29-52.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Paris, Myriam. 2020. « Citoyenneté refusée : les employées domestiques face à la régulation du travail à La Réunion (1945-1960) », <em>Travail, genre et sociétés</em>, vol. 2, n° 44 : 49-65.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Pattieu, Sylvain. 2016. « Un traitement spécifique des migrations d’outre-mer : le BUMIDOM (1963-1982) et ses ambiguïtés », <em>Politix</em>, vol. 4, n° 116 : 81.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Pétonnet, Colette. 1979. <em>On est tous dans le brouillard. Ethnologie des banlieues</em>, Paris : Galilée.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Pinçon, Michel. 1981. « Habitat et modes de vie. La cohabitation des groupes sociaux dans un ensemble H.L.M. », <em>Revue française de sociologie</em>, vol. 22, n° 4 : 523-547.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Saada, Emmanuelle. 2007. <em>Les enfants de la colonie. Les métis de l’Empire français entre sujétion et citoyenneté</em>, Paris : La Découverte.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Sala Pala, Valérie. 2005. « Politique du logement social et construction des frontières ethniques. Une comparaison franco-britannique », Thèse de doctorat en sciences politiques, Université de Rennes 1.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Sidi Boumedine, Rachid et Signoles, Pierre. 2020. « Dossier. Les politiques de logement social au Maghreb / Machrek et dans le Sud Global », <em>Naqd</em>, n° 38-39.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Stoler, Ann Laura. 2002. <em>Carnal knowledge and imperial power: race and the intimate in colonial rule</em>, Berkeley : University of California Press.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Stoler, Ann Laura and Frederic Cooper. 1997. <em>Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World</em>, Berkeley : Universit of California Press.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Taboada-Leonetti, Isabelle. 1989. « Cohabitation pluri-ethnique dans la ville : stratégies d’insertion locale et phénomènes identitaires », <em>Revue européenne des migrations internationales</em>, vol. 5, n° 2 : 51-70.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Thénault, Sylvie. 2022. <span class="AucunA"><em>Les ratonnades d’Alger, 1956. Une histoire de racisme colonial</em></span>, Paris : Éditions du Seuil.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Topalov, Christian. 1999. <em>Laboratoires du nouveau siècle. La nébuleuse réformatrice et ses réseaux en France, 1880-1914</em>, Paris : Éditions de l’EHESS.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Voldman, Danièle. 2019. « Éduquer les locataires. Un mandat historique du logement social », <em>Métropolitiques</em>, En ligne : https://metropolitiques.eu/Les-cites-de-transit-le-traitement.html.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Voldman, Danièle. 2010. <em>Désirs de toit : le logement entre désir et contrainte depuis la fin du XIXe siècle,</em> Paris : Créaphis.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Vulbeau, Janoé. 2021. « Roubaix : la construction d’une ville face aux Algériens. Politiques urbaines et racialisation (1950-1990) », Thèse de doctorat en histoire, Université de Rennes.</span></p> <p class="CorpsA" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">Vulbeau, Janoé. 2020. « Reloger les familles populaires dans les années 1960, entre gestion des familles “inadaptées” et ethnicisation de la question sociale »,<em> Droit et Ville</em>, vol. 1, n° 89 : 147-163.</span></p> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Catégories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=317">Époque contemporaine</a> (Catégorie principale)</li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Sociétés</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=213">Ethnologie, anthropologie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=214">Anthropologie sociale</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=302">Périodes</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=317">Époque contemporaine</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=319">XXe siècle</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Sociétés</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=228">Histoire</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=232">Histoire urbaine</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=200">Sociétés</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=201">Sociologie</a> > <a href="search?primary=fsubject&fsubject=208">Sociologie urbaine</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="eventformats"><br></div> <div id="dates"> <p class="intitule">Dates</p> <ul> <li>lundi 17 mars 2025</li> </ul> </div> <div id="attachments"> <p class="intitule">Fichiers attachés</p> <ul> <li><a href="1229512?file=1" target="_blank">AAC - FPCS - Logement-ordre-social-situations-(post)impériales.pdf</a></li> <li><a href="1229517?file=1" target="_blank">CFP - FPCS - Public-Housing-(post)imperal-situations.pdf</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="motscles"> <p class="intitule">Mots-clés</p> <ul> <li>logement, ordre, empire, post-colonial, métropole, colonie</li> </ul> </div> <div id="contacts"> <p class="intitule">Contacts</p> <ul> <li>Violette Arnoulet<br/><em>courriel :</em> violette [dot] arnoulet [at] protonmail [dot] com<br/></li> <li>Janoé Vulbeau<br/><em>courriel :</em> janoevulbeau [at] yahoo [dot] fr<br/></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Thierry Guillope<br/><em>courriel :</em> thierry [dot] guillope [at] gmail [dot] com</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="CC-BY-4.0" class="cc" src="images/ccby-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise à disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>Violette Arnoulet, Thierry Guillope, Janoé Vulbeau, « Politiques de logement et ordre social en situation impériale et post-impériale française », <span class="category">Appel à contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publié le lundi 10 février 2025, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/13ab9">https://doi.org/10.58079/13ab9</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" class="column last"> <div id="imprimable"> <a id="impression" onclick="javascript:window.open('1229482?formatage=print', '', 'menubar=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,width=800,height=600');return false;" href="1229482?formatage=print">Imprimer</a> <a id="signaler" href="mailto:?subject=Politiques%20de%20logement%20et%20ordre%20social%20en%20situation%20imp%C3%A9riale%20et%20post-imp%C3%A9riale%20fran%C3%A7aise&body=Politiques%20de%20logement%20et%20ordre%20social%20en%20situation%20imp%C3%A9riale%20et%20post-imp%C3%A9riale%20fran%C3%A7aise%20%0AAppel%20%C3%A0%20contribution%20%0A%0ADates%20%0Alundi%2017%20mars%202025%20%0A%20%0A%20%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F1229482%20%0A%0AL%E2%80%99ambition%20de%20ce%20dossier%20sera%20d%E2%80%99interroger%20les%20relations%20entre%20logement%20social%20et%20%28re%29production%20de%20l%E2%80%99ordre%20social%20en%20situation%20coloniale%20et%20post-coloniale%20fran%C3%A7aises%2C%20envisag%C3%A9es%20dans%20une%20perspective%20intersectionnelle%2C%20sous%20l%E2%80%99angle%20de%20la%20classe%2C%20du%20genre%2C%20de%20la%20race%20ou%20encore%20de%20la%20nationalit%C3%A9.%20Il%20s%E2%80%99agira%20de%20r%C3%A9fl%C3%A9chir%20%C3%A0%20des%20espaces%20souvent%20pens%C3%A9s%20de%20fa%C3%A7on%20disjointe%20-%20colonies%20et%20m%C3%A9tropole%20-%20afin%20de%20clarifier%20les%20circulations%20entre%20m%C3%A9tropole%20et%20colonies%2C%20saisir%20les%20legs%20coloniaux%20ou%20encore%20les%20effets%20de%20la%20d%C3%A9colonisation.%20%0A%0AViolette%20Arnoulet%2C%20Thierry%20Guillope%2C%20Jano%C3%A9%20Vulbeau%2C%20%C2%AB%20Politiques%20de%20logement%20et%20ordre%20social%20en%20situation%20imp%C3%A9riale%20et%20post-imp%C3%A9riale%20fran%C3%A7aise%20%C2%BB%2C%20Appel%20%C3%A0%20contribution%2C%20Calenda%2C%20Publi%C3%A9%20le%20lundi%2010%20f%C3%A9vrier%202025%2C%20https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.58079%2F13ab9%20%0A%0A" >Signaler ce document</a> </div> <h2>Archiver cette annonce</h2> <ul id="archiveit"> <li><a href="http://www.google.com/calendar/event?action=TEMPLATE&text=Politiques+de+logement+et+ordre+social+en+situation+imp%C3%A9riale+et+post-imp%C3%A9riale+fran%C3%A7aise&dates=20250317/20250318&details=L%E2%80%99ambition+de+ce+dossier+sera+d%E2%80%99interroger+les+relations+entre+logement+social+et+%28re%29production+de+l%E2%80%99ordre+social+en+situation+coloniale+et+post-coloniale+fran%C3%A7aises%2C+envisag%C3%A9es+dans+une+perspective+intersectionnelle%2C+sous+l%E2%80%99angle+de+la+classe%2C+du+genre%2C+de+la+race+ou+encore+de+la+nationalit%C3%A9.+Il+s%E2%80%99agira+de+r%C3%A9fl%C3%A9chir+%C3%A0+des+espaces+souvent+pens%C3%A9s+de+fa%C3%A7on+disjointe+-+colonies+et+m%C3%A9tropole+-+afin+de+clarifier+les+circulations+entre+m%C3%A9tropole+et+colonies%2C+saisir+les+legs+coloniaux+ou+encore+les+effets+de+la+d%C3%A9colonisation.+&location=&trp=false&sprop=http%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F1229482&sprop=name:Calenda" target="_blank"><img src="images/icn_google_2.png" alt="Google Agenda" title="Google Agenda" /></a></li> <li><a href="http://calenda.org/1229482?format=ical"><img src="images/icn_ical.png" alt="iCal" title="iCal" /></a></li> <li class="plop"></li> </ul> <script id="mlt-client" type="text/javascript" src="js/mlt.js" event_id="1229482"></script> </div> </div> </div><!-- content --> <div id="footer"> <div id="footerLogo"><a href="https://www.openedition.org">OpenEdition</a></div> <div id="footerNav"> <p class="first"><a href="map">Plan du site</a><span> | </span><a href="about">Qui sommes-nous ?</a><span> | </span><a href="info">Proposer une annonce d’événement</a><span> | </span><a href="credits">Crédits</a><span> | </span><a href="https://calenda.org/1092614">Mentions légales</a></p> <p class="first"><a href="https://www.calenda.org/432331">Foire aux questions</a><span> | </span><a href="feeds">Flux de Calenda</a><span> | </span><a href="https://www.openedition.org/41045">Abonnez-vous à la lettre d’OpenEdition</a><span> | </span><a href="https://calendablog.hypotheses.org">Le blog de Calenda</a><span> | </span><a href="https://analytics.openedition.org/index.php?module=CoreHome&action=index&idSite=1795&period=month&date=today#?period=month&date=today&category=Dashboard_Dashboard&subcategory=1&idSite=1795">Statistiques de fréquentation</a></p> <p class="last"><a href="https://www.openedition.org/41101">Signaler un problème</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://www.openedition.org/19362">Politique de confidentialité</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://www.openedition.org/37235">Gestion des cookies</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://calenda.org/1044719">CGU internautes</a> <span> | </span> <a href="https://calenda.org/812671">Accessibilité : non conforme</a></p> <p class="first">ISSN 2107-5646</p> </div> </div><!-- footer --></div><!-- wrapper --> <!-- Piwik --> <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = _paq || []; // tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" _paq.push(['setCustomVariable', 1, 'Domain', document.domain, 'visit']); _paq.push(['setCustomVariable', 2, 'Site', 'Calenda', 'visit']); _paq.push(['enableCrossDomainLinking']); _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://analytics.openedition.org/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '1795']); var secondaryTrackerUrl = 'https://pk.labocleo.org/matomo.php'; var secondaryWebsiteId = '6'; _paq.push(['addTracker', secondaryTrackerUrl, secondaryWebsiteId]); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <!-- End Piwik Code --> <script type="text/javascript">(function( $ ) { 'use strict'; $(function() { $('body').prepend($('#ob-breadcrumb')); $('body').prepend($('#ob-search')); $('body').prepend($('#ob-header')); }); })(jQuery);</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-origin.openedition.org/openbarre_/scripts/main.js?date=2020-09-01"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static-origin.openedition.org/js/jquery.jsonp-latest.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- jQuery(document).ready(function($) { if ($('#lodel-container').length == 1) { $('#ob-header, #ob-search, #ob-breadcrumb').remove(); } $('.ob-authdata').hide(); authurl= $.jsonp({ url: ('https://auth.openedition.org/authenticate'), callbackParameter: 'callback', success: function(data) { $('.ob-authdata').show(); $('.ob-authdata').html('<div><img src="'+data.favicon+'"> <a href="'+data.url+'">'+data.name+'</a></div>'); }, error: function(data){ } }); $('#plateformes li').live('touchend', function(e) {}); }); function updateUrlParameter(uri, key, value) { // remove the hash part before operating on the uri var i = uri.indexOf('#'); var hash = i === -1 ? '' : uri.substr(i); uri = i === -1 ? uri : uri.substr(0, i); var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|$)", "i"); var separator = uri.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? "&" : "?"; if (!value) { // remove key-value pair if value is empty uri = uri.replace(new RegExp("([&]?)" + key + "=.*?(&|$)", "i"), ''); if (uri.slice(-1) === '?') { uri = uri.slice(0, -1); } } else if (uri.match(re)) { uri = uri.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2'); } else { uri = uri + separator + key + "=" + value; } return uri + hash; } function updateCurrentUrl(key,value) { window.location.assign(updateUrlParameter(window.location.href, key, value)); } --></script> <div id="ob-bar-opacity"></div> <div id="ob-search-modal-content" class="ob-modal"> <div class="ob-modal-content"> <div class="ob-modal-content-header"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-search-openedition" aria-hidden="true"></i> <button type="button" title="Fermer" id="ob-search-modal-close"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-modal-close" aria-hidden="true"></i></button> </div> <form action="https://search.openedition.org/results" method="get"> <fieldset> <legend>Rechercher dans OpenEdition Search</legend> <p>Vous allez être redirigé vers OpenEdition Search</p> <input class="ob-search-field" name="q" type="search" title="Expression ou mot-clé" placeholder="Expression ou mot-clé"> <div class="ob-form-group"> <input type="radio" id="choice-1" name="pf" value="" /> <label for="choice-1">Dans tout OpenEdition</label> </div> <div class="ob-form-group"> <input type="radio" id="choice-2" name="pf" value="CO" checked="checked" /> <label for="choice-2">Dans Calenda</label> </div> <button type="submit">Rechercher</button> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> <div id="ob-header" class="ob-header-calenda" role="banner"> <div class="ob-header-view"> <div class="ob-header-container"> <div class="ob-header-top"> <div class="ob-header-top-right"> <div class="ob-authdata ob-header-top-right-foundation"></div> <div class="ob-header-top-right-langues" role="navigation" aria-label="languageNavigation"> <div id="languagesNavigation"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="link"> <a id="ob-switchLanguage" class="main" href="#" aria-controls="ob-language" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true" tabindex="0"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-langues"></i> <span>Français</span> </a> <ul id="ob-language" class="sub" aria-hidden="true" role="menu"> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=pt">Português</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=en">English</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=de">Deutsch</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=es">Español</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="ob-header-top-right-share"> <div id="socialNetworksNavigation"> <ul class="nav" aria-hidden="true"> <li class="link"> <a id="ob-socialShare" class="main" href="#" aria-controls="ob-share" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true" tabindex="0"> <span>Partager</span> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-partager"></i> </a> <ul id="ob-share" class="sub" aria-hidden="true" role="menu"> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F%2F1229482&title=Politiques+de+logement+et+ordre+social+en+situation+imp%C3%A9riale+et+post-imp%C3%A9riale+fran%C3%A7aiseHousing+policies+and+social+order+in+imperial+and+post-imperial+France"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-fb-partage" title="Facebook"></i>Facebook</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="http://twitter.com/share?text=Politiques+de+logement+et+ordre+social+en+situation+imp%C3%A9riale+et+post-imp%C3%A9riale+fran%C3%A7aiseHousing+policies+and+social+order+in+imperial+and+post-imperial+France&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F%2F1229482&via=OpenEditionActu"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-tweet-partage" title="Twitter"></i>Twitter</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcalenda.org%2F%2F1229482&title=Politiques+de+logement+et+ordre+social+en+situation+imp%C3%A9riale+et+post-imp%C3%A9riale+fran%C3%A7aiseHousing+policies+and+social+order+in+imperial+and+post-imperial+France"><i class="ob-icons ob-icons-google-partage" title="Google+"></i>Google+</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-bar"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-row"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-logo"> <a href="/" title="Home" tabindex="1"><svg class="ob-icons ob-icons-logo calenda">"> <use xlink:href="#icon-logo_calenda"></use> </svg></a> <h1 class="ob-header-bottom-logo-text"> Calendrier des sciences humaines et sociales </h1> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-nav-container"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-nav-mobile"> <button type="button" id="ob-sidenav-button"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-hamb"></i> </button> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-nav nosearch"> <nav id="ob-mobile-sidenav" class="ob-header-main-nav"> <ul aria-hidden="true" role="menu" class="ob-mobile-sidenav"> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"> <a href="https://calenda.org/">Accueil</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-2"> <a href="https://calenda.org/search">Chercher dans les événements</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-3"> <a href="https://calenda.org/info">Suggérer un événement</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <a href="javascript:;" class="ob-search2-modal-open"> <span class="openedition-word-1">OpenEdition</span> <span class="openedition-word-2">Search</span> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-search"></i> </a> </div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content"> <button id="ob-grid-nav-content-open"> <span class="ob-all-openedition">Tout OpenEdition</span> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-tout-OE"></i> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav id="ob-grid-nav-content" class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown"> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav"> <div class="ob-authdata ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-foundation"></div> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-locales"> <button class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-locales-button"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-langues"></i> Français </button> <ul> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=pt">Português</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=en">English</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=de">Deutsch</a></li> <li role="menuitem" tabindex="-1"><a href="/1229482?lang=es">Español</a></li> </ul> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Portail de ressources électroniques en sciences humaines et sociales</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles"> <a href="https://www.openedition.org" class="openedition-text">OpenEdition</a> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Nos plateformes</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-titles"> <a href="https://books.openedition.org" class="books-text">OpenEdition Books</a> <a href="https://journals.openedition.org" class="journals-text">OpenEdition Journals</a> <a href="https://hypotheses.org" class="hypotheses-text">Hypotheses</a> <a href="https://calenda.org" class="calenda-text">Calenda</a> </div><span class="ob-gray-separator">Bibliothèques et institutions</span><div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-links"> <a href="https://www.openedition.org/14043">OpenEdition Freemium</a> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Nos services</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-links"> <a href="https://search.openedition.org">OpenEdition Search</a> <a href="https://newsletter.openedition.org">La lettre d'OpenEdition</a> </div> <span class="ob-gray-separator">Suivez-nous</span> <div class="ob-header-bottom-tout-OE-content-dropdown-nav-social"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/openedition" class="facebook" title="Facebook"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/OpenEditionActu" class="twitter" title="Twitter"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a><a href="https://www.openedition.org/backend" class="rss" title="Rss"> <i class="ob-icons ob-icons-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <svg aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; width: 0; height: 0; overflow: hidden;" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <symbol id="icon-logo_books" viewBox="0 0 125 32"> <title>OpenEdition Books</title> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M39.658 1.37c3.455 0 5.416 2.335 5.416 5.665s-1.899 5.728-5.416 5.728c-3.549 0-5.416-2.366-5.416-5.728 0.031-3.362 1.93-5.665 5.416-5.665zM39.658 11.051c2.272 0 3.082-1.992 3.082-3.984 0-1.93-0.903-3.922-3.082-3.922-2.21 0-3.082 1.992-3.082 3.922 0 1.961 0.84 3.984 3.082 3.984z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M46.91 4.451h2.023v1.152h0.031c0.467-0.778 1.276-1.339 2.521-1.339 2.49 0 3.424 1.992 3.424 4.233s-0.903 4.296-3.455 4.296c-0.903 0-1.65-0.218-2.397-1.121h-0.031v4.265h-2.117v-11.486zM49.027 8.498c0 1.152 0.467 2.646 1.868 2.646s1.774-1.525 1.774-2.646c0-1.090-0.374-2.584-1.743-2.584s-1.899 1.463-1.899 2.584z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M63.066 12.14c-0.778 0.436-1.65 0.654-2.802 0.654-2.677 0-4.265-1.556-4.265-4.233 0-2.366 1.245-4.296 3.767-4.296 3.019 0 3.86 2.054 3.86 4.918h-5.634c0.093 1.307 0.996 2.054 2.335 2.054 1.027 0 1.899-0.374 2.708-0.809v1.712zM61.665 7.72c-0.062-1.027-0.529-1.899-1.712-1.899s-1.774 0.809-1.868 1.899h3.58z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M65.339 4.451h1.992v1.121h0.031c0.654-0.934 1.556-1.307 2.677-1.307 1.93 0 2.77 1.37 2.77 3.206v5.136h-2.117v-4.358c0-0.996-0.031-2.335-1.37-2.335-1.525 0-1.868 1.65-1.868 2.708v3.984h-2.117v-8.156z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M75.175 1.556h6.506v1.743h-4.296v2.708h3.922v1.743h-3.922v3.113h4.327v1.743h-6.537z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M89.183 11.673h-0.031c-0.623 0.778-1.494 1.121-2.49 1.121-2.49 0-3.424-2.054-3.424-4.296s0.903-4.233 3.424-4.233c1.058 0 1.805 0.374 2.428 1.152h0.031v-4.669h2.117v11.86h-2.054v-0.934zM87.222 11.144c1.401 0 1.868-1.494 1.868-2.646s-0.529-2.584-1.899-2.584c-1.37 0-1.743 1.494-1.743 2.584 0 1.121 0.405 2.646 1.774 2.646z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M93.447 0.965h2.117v2.023h-2.117v-2.023zM93.447 4.451h2.117v8.125h-2.117v-8.124z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M98.49 6.008h-1.556v-1.556h1.556v-1.619l2.117-0.685v2.304h1.868v1.556h-1.868v3.798c0 0.685 0.187 1.339 0.996 1.339 0.374 0 0.747-0.093 0.965-0.218l0.062 1.681c-0.436 0.124-0.934 0.187-1.556 0.187-1.65 0-2.584-1.027-2.584-2.646v-4.14z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M104 0.965h2.117v2.023h-2.117v-2.023zM104 4.451h2.117v8.125h-2.117v-8.124z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M112.062 4.265c2.428 0 4.265 1.619 4.265 4.327 0 2.335-1.556 4.202-4.265 4.202-2.677 0-4.233-1.868-4.233-4.202-0.031-2.708 1.837-4.327 4.233-4.327zM112.062 11.144c1.619 0 2.054-1.463 2.054-2.802 0-1.245-0.654-2.428-2.054-2.428-1.37 0-2.023 1.214-2.023 2.428 0 1.339 0.405 2.802 2.023 2.802z"></path> <path fill="#93117e" style="fill: var(--color15, #93117e)" d="M117.977 4.451h1.992v1.121h0.031c0.654-0.934 1.556-1.307 2.677-1.307 1.93 0 2.77 1.37 2.77 3.206v5.136h-2.117v-4.358c0-0.996-0.031-2.335-1.37-2.335-1.525 0-1.868 1.65-1.868 2.708v3.984h-2.117v-8.156z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M16.093 32c5.323 0.156 10.459-2.926 12.7-8.124 0 0 0-0.031 0-0.031-7.035-0.374-12.607 6.973-12.7 8.156z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M0 20.389c5.323 0.062 10.335 3.331 12.358 8.623 0 0 0 0.031 0 0.031-7.035 0.093-12.14-6.039-12.358-8.654z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M14.163 17.307c-3.673-1.494-5.323-4.825-4.14-7.751 1.027-2.521 3.735-3.642 5.977-2.739 2.584 1.027 3.642 3.86 2.708 6.226-0.467 1.152-1.432 2.086-2.397 2.833 3.673 1.339 7.782 0.124 9.121-1.868 1.65-2.49-0.374-7.315-0.374-7.315-1.121-2.49-3.144-4.607-6.163-5.821-6.101-2.459-12.981 0.467-15.409 6.537-2.428 6.039 0.498 12.918 6.537 15.377 0.903 0.374 1.805 0.591 2.739 0.747l0.809 8.498h1.494l0.809-8.467c4.14-0.529 7.876-3.206 9.525-7.346 0 0 0 0 0-0.031-2.802 1.743-6.973 2.833-11.237 1.121z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M36.669 18.708c0-1.090-0.062-1.401-0.716-1.432l-0.467-0.031c-0.124-0.093-0.093-0.311 0-0.374 0.809-0.062 1.805-0.125 3.206-0.125 0.934 0 1.837 0.062 2.49 0.405 0.654 0.311 1.121 0.903 1.121 1.868 0 1.058-0.623 1.619-1.525 2.054 0 0.156 0.124 0.187 0.28 0.218 0.809 0.156 1.992 0.903 1.992 2.49 0 1.743-1.276 2.895-3.953 2.895-0.436 0-1.152-0.031-1.805-0.031s-1.152 0.031-1.712 0.031c-0.093-0.031-0.124-0.28-0.031-0.374l0.28-0.031c0.778-0.125 0.809-0.311 0.809-1.868v-5.697zM37.883 20.7c0 0.405 0 0.436 0.778 0.405 1.525-0.062 2.335-0.498 2.335-1.899 0-1.463-1.090-2.023-2.21-2.023-0.342 0-0.56 0.031-0.685 0.093-0.156 0.031-0.218 0.125-0.218 0.374v3.051zM37.883 24.156c0 0.529 0.031 1.307 0.311 1.619 0.28 0.342 0.716 0.405 1.183 0.405 1.339 0 2.335-0.591 2.335-2.086 0-1.183-0.591-2.553-2.957-2.553-0.809 0-0.872 0.093-0.872 0.374v2.241z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M50.521 23.626c0 1.868-1.276 3.206-3.144 3.206-1.712 0-3.051-1.214-3.051-3.082s1.432-3.237 3.175-3.237c1.65 0.031 3.019 1.276 3.019 3.113zM47.315 20.981c-0.996 0-1.712 0.934-1.712 2.584 0 1.37 0.623 2.833 1.93 2.833s1.712-1.37 1.712-2.521c-0.031-1.276-0.529-2.895-1.93-2.895z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M57.743 23.626c0 1.868-1.276 3.206-3.144 3.206-1.712 0-3.051-1.214-3.051-3.082s1.432-3.237 3.175-3.237c1.681 0.031 3.019 1.276 3.019 3.113zM54.537 20.981c-0.996 0-1.712 0.934-1.712 2.584 0 1.37 0.623 2.833 1.93 2.833s1.712-1.37 1.712-2.521c0-1.276-0.498-2.895-1.93-2.895z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M59.58 18.21c0-0.872 0-0.965-0.467-1.245l-0.156-0.093c-0.062-0.031-0.062-0.249 0-0.311 0.374-0.125 1.090-0.342 1.619-0.623 0.062 0 0.124 0.031 0.156 0.093 0 0.436-0.031 1.183-0.031 1.837v5.105c0 0.187 0 0.218 0.28 0.218 0.342 0 0.623-0.156 1.027-0.591l0.623-0.654c0.405-0.436 0.529-0.623 0.529-0.685s-0.062-0.125-0.342-0.156l-0.374-0.031c-0.124-0.031-0.124-0.342 0-0.374h0.342c0.654 0 1.525-0.031 2.366-0.125 0.093 0.031 0.124 0.311 0.031 0.374l-0.467 0.093c-0.311 0.062-0.56 0.218-0.934 0.529-0.591 0.467-1.090 0.996-1.37 1.245-0.187 0.156-0.187 0.249-0.093 0.342 0.249 0.342 0.498 0.623 0.996 1.183 0.591 0.654 1.089 1.245 1.401 1.525 0.218 0.187 0.498 0.28 0.778 0.342l0.218 0.031c0.093 0.062 0.093 0.342-0.031 0.374-0.436-0.031-0.934-0.031-1.432-0.031-0.591 0-1.121 0-1.556 0.031-0.124-0.062-0.124-0.311-0.031-0.374l0.28-0.031c0.218-0.031 0.374-0.062 0.374-0.156s-0.062-0.187-0.249-0.405l-1.588-1.837c-0.124-0.156-0.311-0.218-0.467-0.218-0.28 0-0.28 0.031-0.28 0.498v0.809c0 1.090 0.031 1.214 0.56 1.307l0.342 0.031c0.093 0.062 0.062 0.342-0.031 0.374-0.498-0.031-0.934-0.031-1.432-0.031-0.529 0-0.996 0-1.432 0.031-0.093-0.031-0.124-0.311 0-0.374l0.342-0.031c0.56-0.062 0.56-0.218 0.56-1.307v-6.693z"></path> <path fill="#b73288" style="fill: var(--color10, #b73288)" d="M69.541 20.794c0.124 0.342 0.249 0.809 0.249 1.214-0.062 0.093-0.28 0.125-0.374 0.031-0.249-0.654-0.716-1.090-1.307-1.090s-0.965 0.374-0.965 0.903c0 0.623 0.623 0.934 1.152 1.245 0.778 0.436 1.525 0.965 1.525 2.023 0 1.121-1.058 1.712-2.148 1.712-0.716 0-1.214-0.156-1.588-0.436-0.124-0.28-0.218-1.027-0.187-1.494 0.062-0.093 0.28-0.093 0.342 0 0.249 0.809 0.716 1.525 1.588 1.525 0.529 0 0.996-0.311 0.996-0.965 0-0.685-0.591-1.058-1.152-1.37-0.872-0.498-1.463-1.027-1.463-1.837 0-1.090 0.903-1.712 2.023-1.712 0.623 0 1.183 0.156 1.307 0.249z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_calenda" viewBox="0 0 100 32"> <title>Calenda</title> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M42.903 19.856c-0.886 0.177-1.95 0.355-2.837 0.355-4.078 0-6.914-2.039-6.914-6.294 0-4.343 2.659-6.737 6.914-6.737 0.798 0 1.95 0.177 2.837 0.532l-0.177 2.127c-0.975-0.532-1.773-0.709-2.748-0.709-2.571 0-4.166 1.95-4.166 4.521s1.596 4.521 4.255 4.521c0.975 0 2.127-0.177 2.748-0.532l0.089 2.216z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M44.942 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.102-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM47.778 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596 0 0.798 0.709 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M54.604 6.56h2.393v13.474h-2.393v-13.474z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M67.014 19.501c-0.886 0.443-1.862 0.709-3.191 0.709-3.102 0-4.875-1.773-4.875-4.787 0-2.659 1.418-4.875 4.343-4.875 3.457 0 4.432 2.393 4.432 5.584h-6.382c0.089 1.507 1.152 2.305 2.659 2.305 1.152 0 2.216-0.443 3.103-0.975v2.039zM65.418 14.537c-0.089-1.152-0.621-2.216-1.95-2.216s-2.039 0.975-2.127 2.216h4.078z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M69.585 10.814h2.305v1.241c0.798-1.064 1.773-1.507 3.014-1.507 2.216 0 3.191 1.507 3.191 3.634v5.85h-2.393v-4.964c0-1.152 0-2.659-1.596-2.659-1.773 0-2.127 1.861-2.127 3.103v4.521h-2.393v-9.219z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M86.781 18.97v0c-0.798 0.886-1.773 1.241-2.837 1.241-2.837 0-3.9-2.305-3.9-4.875s1.064-4.787 3.9-4.787c1.241 0 2.039 0.443 2.748 1.33v0-5.319h2.393v13.474h-2.305v-1.064zM84.565 18.349c1.596 0 2.127-1.684 2.127-3.014s-0.621-2.925-2.127-2.925c-1.596 0-2.039 1.684-2.039 2.925 0 1.33 0.443 3.014 2.039 3.014z"></path> <path fill="#fff" style="fill: var(--color1, #fff)" d="M92.011 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.103-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM94.848 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596-0.089 0.798 0.621 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M42.903 19.856c-0.886 0.177-1.95 0.355-2.837 0.355-4.078 0-6.914-2.039-6.914-6.294 0-4.343 2.659-6.737 6.914-6.737 0.798 0 1.95 0.177 2.837 0.532l-0.177 2.127c-0.975-0.532-1.773-0.709-2.748-0.709-2.571 0-4.166 1.95-4.166 4.521s1.596 4.521 4.255 4.521c0.975 0 2.127-0.177 2.748-0.532l0.089 2.216z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M44.942 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.102-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM47.778 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596 0 0.798 0.709 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M54.604 6.56h2.393v13.474h-2.393v-13.474z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M67.014 19.501c-0.886 0.443-1.862 0.709-3.191 0.709-3.102 0-4.875-1.773-4.875-4.787 0-2.659 1.418-4.875 4.343-4.875 3.457 0 4.432 2.393 4.432 5.584h-6.382c0.089 1.507 1.152 2.305 2.659 2.305 1.152 0 2.216-0.443 3.103-0.975v2.039zM65.418 14.537c-0.089-1.152-0.621-2.216-1.95-2.216s-2.039 0.975-2.127 2.216h4.078z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M69.585 10.814h2.305v1.241c0.798-1.064 1.773-1.507 3.014-1.507 2.216 0 3.191 1.507 3.191 3.634v5.85h-2.393v-4.964c0-1.152 0-2.659-1.596-2.659-1.773 0-2.127 1.861-2.127 3.103v4.521h-2.393v-9.219z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M86.781 18.97v0c-0.798 0.886-1.773 1.241-2.837 1.241-2.837 0-3.9-2.305-3.9-4.875s1.064-4.787 3.9-4.787c1.241 0 2.039 0.443 2.748 1.33v0-5.319h2.393v13.474h-2.305v-1.064zM84.565 18.349c1.596 0 2.127-1.684 2.127-3.014s-0.621-2.925-2.127-2.925c-1.596 0-2.039 1.684-2.039 2.925 0 1.33 0.443 3.014 2.039 3.014z"></path> <path fill="#6faa46" style="fill: var(--color16, #6faa46)" d="M92.011 11.258c0.975-0.443 2.216-0.709 3.191-0.709 2.837 0 3.989 1.152 3.989 3.9v1.152c0 0.975 0 1.596 0 2.305s0.089 1.33 0.089 2.039h-2.127c-0.089-0.443-0.089-1.064-0.089-1.418v0c-0.532 1.064-1.773 1.596-2.837 1.596-1.596 0-3.28-0.975-3.28-2.748 0-1.418 0.709-2.216 1.596-2.659s2.127-0.532 3.103-0.532h1.33c0-1.507-0.709-2.039-2.127-2.039-1.064 0-2.039 0.355-2.837 0.975v-1.861zM94.848 18.526c0.709 0 1.33-0.355 1.684-0.798 0.355-0.532 0.532-1.152 0.532-1.95h-1.064c-1.064 0-2.659 0.177-2.659 1.596-0.089 0.798 0.621 1.152 1.507 1.152z"></path> <path fill="#8ebc23" style="fill: var(--color17, #8ebc23)" d="M16.044 32c5.319 0.177 10.46-2.925 12.676-8.066 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.003-0.443-12.499 6.825-12.676 8.066z"></path> <path fill="#8ebc23" style="fill: var(--color17, #8ebc23)" d="M0 20.388c5.319 0.089 10.371 3.28 12.321 8.598 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.003 0.089-12.055-6.028-12.321-8.598z"></path> <path fill="#8ebc23" style="fill: var(--color17, #8ebc23)" d="M14.183 17.285c-3.634-1.507-5.319-4.787-4.166-7.712 0.975-2.482 3.723-3.634 5.939-2.748 2.571 1.064 3.634 3.9 2.659 6.205-0.443 1.152-1.418 2.127-2.393 2.837 3.634 1.33 7.801 0.089 9.13-1.861 1.596-2.482-0.355-7.357-0.355-7.357-1.152-2.482-3.102-4.609-6.116-5.85-6.116-2.393-12.942 0.532-15.424 6.56-2.393 6.028 0.532 12.942 6.56 15.335 0.886 0.355 1.773 0.62 2.748 0.709l0.798 8.51h1.507l0.798-8.51c4.078-0.532 7.801-3.191 9.485-7.269 0 0 0 0 0 0-2.748 1.773-6.914 2.837-11.169 1.152z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_hypothesesorg" viewBox="0 0 140 32"> <title>Hypothèses</title> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M33.941 6.353h2.765v5.529h5.471v-5.529h2.765v13.706h-2.765v-6h-5.471v6h-2.765v-13.706z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M52.059 17.353v0l2.471-7.353h2.647l-3.765 10c-0.824 2.235-1.471 4.412-4.176 4.412-0.647 0-1.235-0.118-1.882-0.294l0.176-1.941c0.353 0.118 0.706 0.176 1.353 0.176 1.059 0 1.706-0.706 1.706-1.824l-3.882-10.588h2.882l2.471 7.412z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M58.765 9.941h2.529v1.412h0.059c0.588-1 1.588-1.647 3.118-1.647 3.118 0 4.235 2.471 4.235 5.235s-1.118 5.294-4.294 5.294c-1.118 0-2.059-0.294-2.941-1.412h-0.059v5.294h-2.647v-14.176zM61.412 15c0 1.412 0.588 3.294 2.294 3.294s2.235-1.882 2.235-3.294c0-1.353-0.471-3.235-2.176-3.235s-2.353 1.824-2.353 3.235z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M75.353 9.706c3 0 5.294 2 5.294 5.353 0 2.882-1.941 5.235-5.294 5.235s-5.294-2.294-5.294-5.235c0-3.294 2.294-5.353 5.294-5.353zM75.353 18.235c2 0 2.529-1.824 2.529-3.471 0-1.529-0.824-3-2.529-3s-2.529 1.471-2.529 3c0 1.647 0.529 3.471 2.529 3.471z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M83.588 11.882h-1.941v-1.941h1.941v-2l2.647-0.824v2.882h2.353v1.941h-2.353v4.706c0 0.882 0.235 1.647 1.235 1.647 0.471 0 0.941-0.118 1.176-0.294l0.059 2.059c-0.529 0.176-1.176 0.235-1.941 0.235-2.059 0-3.176-1.294-3.176-3.294v-5.118z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M90.353 5.353h2.647v6h0.059c0.647-1 1.824-1.588 3.176-1.588 2.412 0 3.412 1.706 3.412 3.941v6.353h-2.647v-5.412c0-1.235 0-2.882-1.706-2.882-1.882 0-2.294 2.059-2.294 3.353v4.941h-2.647v-14.706z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M110.412 19.471c-0.941 0.529-2.059 0.824-3.471 0.824-3.353 0-5.294-1.941-5.294-5.235 0-2.941 1.529-5.353 4.706-5.353 3.765 0 4.824 2.588 4.824 6.118h-7c0.118 1.647 1.235 2.529 2.882 2.529 1.294 0 2.353-0.471 3.353-1v2.118zM108.647 14c-0.059-1.294-0.647-2.353-2.118-2.353s-2.235 1-2.353 2.353h4.471z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M119.176 12.059c-0.824-0.294-1.412-0.412-2.353-0.412-0.706 0-1.529 0.235-1.529 1.118 0 1.588 4.588 0.588 4.588 4.235 0 2.353-2.118 3.294-4.235 3.294-1 0-2-0.176-3-0.412l0.176-2.176c0.824 0.412 1.706 0.647 2.588 0.647 0.647 0 1.706-0.235 1.706-1.235 0-2-4.588-0.647-4.588-4.294 0-2.176 1.882-3.118 3.941-3.118 1.235 0 2.059 0.176 2.882 0.353l-0.176 2z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M130 19.471c-0.941 0.529-2.059 0.824-3.471 0.824-3.353 0-5.294-1.941-5.294-5.235 0-2.941 1.529-5.353 4.706-5.353 3.765 0 4.824 2.588 4.824 6.118h-7c0.118 1.647 1.235 2.529 2.882 2.529 1.294 0 2.353-0.471 3.353-1v2.118zM128.235 14c-0.059-1.294-0.647-2.353-2.118-2.353s-2.235 1-2.353 2.353h4.471z"></path> <path fill="#cc071e" style="fill: var(--color18, #cc071e)" d="M138.824 12.059c-0.824-0.294-1.412-0.412-2.353-0.412-0.706 0-1.529 0.235-1.529 1.118 0 1.588 4.588 0.588 4.588 4.235 0 2.353-2.118 3.294-4.235 3.294-1 0-2-0.176-3-0.412l0.176-2.176c0.824 0.412 1.706 0.647 2.588 0.647 0.647 0 1.706-0.235 1.706-1.235 0-2-4.588-0.647-4.588-4.294 0-2.176 1.882-3.118 3.941-3.118 1.235 0 2.059 0.176 2.882 0.353l-0.176 2z"></path> <path fill="#ec5a4f" style="fill: var(--color19, #ec5a4f)" d="M16.059 32c5.353 0.176 10.471-2.882 12.706-8.118 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.059-0.412-12.588 6.882-12.706 8.118z"></path> <path fill="#ec5a4f" style="fill: var(--color19, #ec5a4f)" d="M0 20.353c5.353 0.059 10.353 3.294 12.353 8.588 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.059 0.176-12.118-5.941-12.353-8.588z"></path> <path fill="#ec5a4f" style="fill: var(--color19, #ec5a4f)" d="M14.176 17.294c-3.647-1.471-5.353-4.824-4.176-7.765 1-2.529 3.706-3.647 5.941-2.706 2.588 1.059 3.647 3.882 2.706 6.235-0.471 1.176-1.412 2.059-2.412 2.824 3.647 1.353 7.765 0.118 9.118-1.882 1.647-2.471-0.353-7.294-0.353-7.294-1.118-2.529-3.118-4.647-6.176-5.824-6.059-2.412-12.941 0.471-15.353 6.529-2.412 6 0.529 12.882 6.529 15.353 0.882 0.353 1.824 0.588 2.706 0.765l0.824 8.471h1.529l0.824-8.471c4.118-0.529 7.824-3.176 9.529-7.294 0 0 0 0 0 0-2.824 1.706-7 2.765-11.235 1.059z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_wwwrevuesorg" viewBox="0 0 125 32"> <title>OpenEdition Journals</title> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M39.669 1.41c3.438 0 5.377 2.292 5.377 5.642s-1.939 5.73-5.377 5.73c-3.526 0-5.377-2.38-5.377-5.73s1.851-5.642 5.377-5.642zM39.669 11.019c2.292 0 3.085-2.028 3.085-3.967s-0.882-3.967-3.085-3.967c-2.204 0-3.085 2.028-3.085 3.967 0 2.028 0.793 3.967 3.085 3.967z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M46.898 4.496h2.028v1.146c0.441-0.793 1.322-1.322 2.556-1.322 2.468 0 3.438 2.028 3.438 4.231s-0.882 4.231-3.438 4.231c-0.882 0-1.675-0.176-2.38-1.146v0 4.231h-2.116v-11.372zM49.014 8.551c0 1.146 0.441 2.645 1.851 2.645s1.763-1.499 1.763-2.645c0-1.058-0.353-2.556-1.763-2.556-1.322-0.088-1.851 1.41-1.851 2.556z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M63.030 12.165c-0.793 0.441-1.675 0.617-2.821 0.617-2.645 0-4.231-1.587-4.231-4.231 0-2.38 1.234-4.32 3.791-4.32 2.997 0 3.879 2.028 3.879 4.937h-5.642c0.088 1.322 0.97 2.028 2.292 2.028 1.058 0 1.939-0.353 2.733-0.793v1.763zM61.62 7.758c-0.088-1.058-0.529-1.939-1.675-1.939s-1.763 0.793-1.851 1.939h3.526z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M65.234 4.496h2.028v1.146c0.705-0.97 1.587-1.322 2.645-1.322 1.939 0 2.733 1.322 2.733 3.174v5.113h-2.116v-4.32c0-0.97 0-2.292-1.41-2.292-1.499 0-1.851 1.675-1.851 2.733v3.967h-2.028v-8.198z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M75.107 1.587h6.523v1.763h-4.32v2.645h3.879v1.763h-3.879v3.085h4.32v1.763h-6.523z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M89.124 11.636v0c-0.705 0.793-1.499 1.146-2.556 1.146-2.468 0-3.438-2.028-3.438-4.231s0.882-4.231 3.438-4.231c1.058 0 1.763 0.353 2.468 1.146v0-4.672h2.116v11.813h-2.028v-0.97zM87.185 11.107c1.41 0 1.851-1.499 1.851-2.645s-0.529-2.556-1.851-2.556c-1.41 0-1.763 1.499-1.763 2.556-0.088 1.146 0.353 2.645 1.763 2.645z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M93.355 0.97h2.116v2.028h-2.116v-2.028zM93.355 4.496h2.116v8.11h-2.116v-8.11z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M98.38 5.995h-1.587v-1.499h1.587v-1.675l2.116-0.705v2.292h1.851v1.587h-1.851v3.791c0 0.705 0.176 1.322 0.97 1.322 0.353 0 0.705-0.088 0.97-0.176l0.088 1.675c-0.441 0.088-0.97 0.176-1.587 0.176-1.675 0-2.556-1.058-2.556-2.645v-4.143z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M103.846 0.97h2.116v2.028h-2.116v-2.028zM103.846 4.496h2.116v8.11h-2.116v-8.11z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M111.956 4.32c2.38 0 4.231 1.587 4.231 4.32 0 2.292-1.587 4.231-4.231 4.231s-4.231-1.851-4.231-4.231c0-2.733 1.851-4.32 4.231-4.32zM111.956 11.107c1.587 0 2.028-1.41 2.028-2.821 0-1.234-0.705-2.38-2.028-2.38-1.41 0-2.028 1.234-2.028 2.38 0 1.41 0.353 2.821 2.028 2.821z"></path> <path fill="#0089b5" style="fill: var(--color20, #0089b5)" d="M117.862 4.496h2.028v1.146c0.705-0.97 1.587-1.322 2.645-1.322 1.939 0 2.733 1.322 2.733 3.174v5.113h-2.116v-4.32c0-0.97 0-2.292-1.41-2.292-1.499 0-1.851 1.675-1.851 2.733v3.967h-2.116v-8.198z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M16.044 32c5.377 0.176 10.49-2.909 12.694-8.11 0 0 0 0 0 0-6.964-0.441-12.518 6.964-12.694 8.11z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M0 20.364c5.377 0.088 10.314 3.35 12.342 8.639 0 0 0 0 0 0-7.052 0.088-12.077-5.995-12.342-8.639z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M14.193 17.278c-3.702-1.499-5.377-4.848-4.143-7.758 1.058-2.556 3.702-3.614 5.995-2.733 2.556 1.058 3.614 3.879 2.733 6.259-0.441 1.146-1.41 2.116-2.38 2.821 3.702 1.322 7.758 0.088 9.080-1.851 1.675-2.468-0.353-7.317-0.353-7.317-1.146-2.468-3.174-4.584-6.171-5.818-6.171-2.468-13.047 0.441-15.427 6.523-2.468 6.083 0.529 12.959 6.523 15.339 0.882 0.353 1.851 0.617 2.733 0.705l0.793 8.551h1.499l0.793-8.463c4.143-0.529 7.846-3.174 9.521-7.317 0 0 0 0 0 0-2.821 1.675-6.964 2.821-11.196 1.058z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M36.849 18.953c0-1.675-0.176-1.851-1.058-1.851h-0.353c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.353 0-0.353 0.882 0 1.322 0.088 1.939 0.088s1.058 0 1.675-0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353h-0.264c-0.882 0.088-0.882 0.353-0.882 1.851v5.466c0 1.146-0.088 2.204-0.353 2.821-0.529 1.146-1.499 2.116-2.909 2.116-0.176 0-0.617 0-0.617-0.264s0.176-0.705 0.529-0.705c0.176 0 0.353 0 0.529 0.088s0.441 0.088 0.617 0.088c0.353 0 0.529-0.176 0.617-0.353 0.353-0.705 0.353-2.909 0.353-3.702v-5.554z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M46.017 23.449c0 1.851-1.234 3.174-3.085 3.174-1.675 0-2.997-1.146-2.997-2.997s1.41-3.174 3.174-3.174c1.587-0.088 2.909 1.146 2.909 2.997zM42.843 20.804c-0.97 0-1.675 0.97-1.675 2.556 0 1.322 0.617 2.821 1.939 2.821s1.675-1.322 1.675-2.468c0-1.322-0.529-2.909-1.939-2.909z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M48.837 24.242c0 1.058 0.264 1.675 1.41 1.675 0.441 0 0.882-0.176 1.234-0.441 0.176-0.176 0.264-0.353 0.264-0.882v-2.38c0-0.97-0.088-0.97-0.529-1.146l-0.176-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.353 0.617 0 1.41-0.088 1.763-0.264 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.088 0 0.264-0.088 0.705-0.088 1.322v2.468c0 1.146 0.088 1.587 0.441 1.587 0.176 0 0.353 0 0.617-0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.441-0.529 0.088-1.41 0.264-1.939 0.529-0.088 0-0.176 0-0.176-0.088v-0.617c0-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.441 0.264-1.146 0.793-2.028 0.793-1.322 0-1.763-0.617-1.763-1.851v-2.468c0-0.882 0-1.058-0.441-1.234l-0.176-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.353 0.705 0 1.234-0.176 1.587-0.264 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.088 0 0.264-0.088 0.529-0.088 1.322v2.468z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M55.537 22.127c0-0.529 0-0.617-0.441-0.882l-0.088-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.264 0.353-0.088 1.146-0.529 1.499-0.705 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088v0.882c0 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.529-0.441 1.058-0.882 1.587-0.882 0.353 0 0.705 0.264 0.705 0.617 0 0.529-0.353 0.705-0.617 0.705-0.176 0-0.176 0-0.353-0.088-0.176-0.176-0.441-0.264-0.617-0.264-0.264 0-0.441 0.176-0.529 0.264-0.176 0.176-0.176 0.617-0.176 1.146v2.028c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.617 1.322l0.529 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.705 0-1.146 0-1.675 0s-0.97 0-1.322 0c-0.088 0-0.088-0.264 0-0.353l0.264-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-2.733z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M60.386 22.127c0-0.529 0-0.617-0.441-0.882l-0.088-0.088c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.264 0.353-0.088 1.146-0.529 1.499-0.705 0.088 0 0.088 0 0.176 0.088 0 0.353 0 0.529 0 0.705 0 0.088 0.088 0.176 0.176 0.176 0.617-0.353 1.322-0.793 2.028-0.793 1.234 0 1.763 0.882 1.763 1.851v2.556c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.529 1.322l0.353 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.441 0-0.882 0-1.41 0s-0.97 0-1.41 0c-0.088 0-0.176-0.264 0-0.353l0.264-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-2.204c0-0.882-0.353-1.499-1.41-1.499-0.529 0-1.058 0.264-1.234 0.529s-0.264 0.441-0.264 0.882v2.292c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.529 1.322l0.264 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.353 0-0.793 0-1.322 0s-0.97 0-1.41 0c-0.088 0-0.176-0.264 0-0.353l0.353-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-2.645z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M70.171 23.361c0.176-0.088 0.264-0.176 0.264-0.441v-0.705c0-0.529-0.176-1.322-1.058-1.322-0.441 0-0.882 0.176-0.97 0.705 0 0.264 0 0.441-0.176 0.529-0.176 0.176-0.617 0.264-0.793 0.264s-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.176c0-0.793 1.675-1.851 2.733-1.851s1.587 0.617 1.499 1.763l-0.088 2.556c0 0.705 0.088 1.322 0.705 1.322 0.176 0 0.264 0 0.353-0.088 0.088 0 0.176-0.088 0.176-0.088 0.088 0 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.176s-0.529 0.617-1.234 0.617c-0.353 0-0.705-0.088-0.97-0.441-0.088-0.088-0.176-0.176-0.264-0.176s-0.264 0.176-0.529 0.264c-0.353 0.176-0.617 0.353-1.058 0.353s-0.793-0.088-1.058-0.353c-0.264-0.264-0.441-0.617-0.441-1.058 0-0.529 0.264-0.882 1.234-1.234l1.763-0.617zM69.201 25.917c0.264 0 0.793-0.176 0.882-0.353 0.176-0.176 0.176-0.353 0.176-0.705v-0.882c0-0.176-0.088-0.176-0.176-0.176s-0.353 0.088-0.617 0.176c-0.882 0.264-1.322 0.529-1.322 1.058 0.176 0.264 0.353 0.882 1.058 0.882z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M74.931 24.771c0 1.058 0 1.234 0.529 1.322l0.353 0.088c0.088 0.088 0.088 0.353 0 0.353-0.441 0-0.882 0-1.41 0s-0.97 0-1.41 0c-0.088 0-0.088-0.264 0-0.353l0.353-0.088c0.529-0.088 0.529-0.176 0.529-1.322v-6.612c0-0.882 0-0.97-0.441-1.234l-0.176-0.176c-0.088-0.088-0.088-0.264 0-0.264 0.353-0.088 1.058-0.353 1.587-0.617 0.088 0 0.088 0 0.176 0.088 0 0.441 0 1.146 0 1.851v6.964z"></path> <path fill="#0ab7d9" style="fill: var(--color21, #0ab7d9)" d="M80.22 20.628c0.176 0.353 0.264 0.793 0.264 1.234-0.088 0.088-0.264 0.088-0.353 0-0.264-0.617-0.705-1.058-1.322-1.058s-0.97 0.353-0.97 0.882c0 0.617 0.617 0.97 1.146 1.234 0.793 0.441 1.499 0.97 1.499 2.028 0 1.146-1.058 1.675-2.116 1.675-0.705 0-1.234-0.176-1.587-0.441-0.088-0.353-0.176-1.058-0.088-1.499 0.088-0.088 0.264-0.088 0.353 0 0.264 0.793 0.705 1.499 1.587 1.499 0.529 0 0.97-0.353 0.97-0.97 0-0.705-0.617-1.058-1.146-1.322-0.882-0.441-1.499-0.97-1.499-1.851 0-1.058 0.882-1.675 2.028-1.675 0.617 0 1.146 0.176 1.234 0.264z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_wwwopeneditionorg" viewBox="0 0 152.7 34.8"> <title>OpenEdition</title> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M42.4,8.4c4.4,0,6.9,3,6.9,7.3s-2.5,7.4-6.9,7.4-6.9-3-6.9-7.4S37.9,8.4,42.4,8.4Zm0,12.4c2.9,0,4-2.6,4-5.1s-1.2-5.1-4-5.1-4,2.6-4,5.1S39.5,20.8,42.4,20.8Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M51.7,12.3h2.6v1.5h0a3.47,3.47,0,0,1,3.2-1.7c3.2,0,4.4,2.6,4.4,5.4S60.7,23,57.5,23a3.75,3.75,0,0,1-3.1-1.4h0V27H51.7Zm2.7,5.2c0,1.5.6,3.4,2.4,3.4s2.3-1.9,2.3-3.4-.5-3.3-2.3-3.3S54.4,16.1,54.4,17.5Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M72.5,22.2a7.67,7.67,0,0,1-3.6.8c-3.5,0-5.5-2-5.5-5.4,0-3,1.6-5.5,4.9-5.5,3.9,0,5,2.7,5,6.3H66A2.69,2.69,0,0,0,69,21a6.9,6.9,0,0,0,3.5-1.1Zm-1.8-5.7c-.1-1.3-.7-2.5-2.2-2.5a2.39,2.39,0,0,0-2.4,2.5Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M75.4,12.3H78v1.4h0A4,4,0,0,1,81.4,12c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H82.3V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1H75.4Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M88,8.6h8.4v2.2H90.9v3.5H96v2.2H90.9v4h5.6v2.2H88Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M106,21.6h0a4.12,4.12,0,0,1-3.2,1.4c-3.2,0-4.4-2.6-4.4-5.5s1.2-5.4,4.4-5.4a3.62,3.62,0,0,1,3.1,1.5h0v-6h2.7V22.8H106Zm-2.4-.7c1.8,0,2.4-1.9,2.4-3.4s-.7-3.3-2.4-3.3-2.3,1.9-2.3,3.3S101.8,20.9,103.6,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M111.6,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M118,14.3h-2v-2h2V10.2l2.7-.9v3h2.4v2h-2.4v4.9c0,.9.2,1.7,1.3,1.7a1.92,1.92,0,0,0,1.2-.3l.1,2.2a6.17,6.17,0,0,1-2,.2,3.08,3.08,0,0,1-3.3-3.4Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M125.1,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M135.5,12.1a5.25,5.25,0,0,1,5.5,5.5,5.5,5.5,0,0,1-11,0A5.25,5.25,0,0,1,135.5,12.1Zm0,8.8c2.1,0,2.6-1.9,2.6-3.6s-.9-3.1-2.6-3.1-2.6,1.5-2.6,3.1S133.4,20.9,135.5,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M143.1,12.3h2.6v1.4h0a4,4,0,0,1,3.4-1.7c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H150V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M42.4,8.4c4.4,0,6.9,3,6.9,7.3s-2.5,7.4-6.9,7.4-6.9-3-6.9-7.4S37.9,8.4,42.4,8.4Zm0,12.4c2.9,0,4-2.6,4-5.1s-1.2-5.1-4-5.1-4,2.6-4,5.1S39.5,20.8,42.4,20.8Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M51.7,12.3h2.6v1.5h0a3.47,3.47,0,0,1,3.2-1.7c3.2,0,4.4,2.6,4.4,5.4S60.7,23,57.5,23a3.75,3.75,0,0,1-3.1-1.4h0V27H51.7Zm2.7,5.2c0,1.5.6,3.4,2.4,3.4s2.3-1.9,2.3-3.4-.5-3.3-2.3-3.3S54.4,16.1,54.4,17.5Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M72.5,22.2a7.67,7.67,0,0,1-3.6.8c-3.5,0-5.5-2-5.5-5.4,0-3,1.6-5.5,4.9-5.5,3.9,0,5,2.7,5,6.3H66A2.69,2.69,0,0,0,69,21a6.9,6.9,0,0,0,3.5-1.1Zm-1.8-5.7c-.1-1.3-.7-2.5-2.2-2.5a2.39,2.39,0,0,0-2.4,2.5Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M75.4,12.3H78v1.4h0A4,4,0,0,1,81.4,12c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H82.3V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1H75.4Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M88,8.6h8.4v2.2H90.9v3.5H96v2.2H90.9v4h5.6v2.2H88Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M106,21.6h0a4.12,4.12,0,0,1-3.2,1.4c-3.2,0-4.4-2.6-4.4-5.5s1.2-5.4,4.4-5.4a3.62,3.62,0,0,1,3.1,1.5h0v-6h2.7V22.8H106Zm-2.4-.7c1.8,0,2.4-1.9,2.4-3.4s-.7-3.3-2.4-3.3-2.3,1.9-2.3,3.3S101.8,20.9,103.6,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M111.6,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M118,14.3h-2v-2h2V10.2l2.7-.9v3h2.4v2h-2.4v4.9c0,.9.2,1.7,1.3,1.7a1.92,1.92,0,0,0,1.2-.3l.1,2.2a6.17,6.17,0,0,1-2,.2,3.08,3.08,0,0,1-3.3-3.4Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M125.1,7.8h2.7v2.6h-2.7Zm0,4.5h2.7V22.8h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M135.5,12.1a5.25,5.25,0,0,1,5.5,5.5,5.5,5.5,0,0,1-11,0A5.25,5.25,0,0,1,135.5,12.1Zm0,8.8c2.1,0,2.6-1.9,2.6-3.6s-.9-3.1-2.6-3.1-2.6,1.5-2.6,3.1S133.4,20.9,135.5,20.9Z"/> <path fill="#f74a00" style="fill: var(--color22, #f74a00)" d="M143.1,12.3h2.6v1.4h0a4,4,0,0,1,3.4-1.7c2.5,0,3.6,1.7,3.6,4.1v6.6H150V17.1c0-1.3,0-3-1.8-3-2,0-2.4,2.1-2.4,3.5v5.1h-2.7Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M17.5,34.8A14.55,14.55,0,0,0,31.3,26h0C23.6,25.5,17.6,33.5,17.5,34.8Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M0,22.2a14.52,14.52,0,0,1,13.4,9.4h0C5.8,31.7.2,25,0,22.2Z"/> <path fill="#fc7c00" style="fill: var(--color13, #fc7c00)" d="M15.4,18.8c-4-1.6-5.8-5.2-4.5-8.4a5.07,5.07,0,1,1,9.4,3.8,8.64,8.64,0,0,1-2.6,3.1c4,1.4,8.5.1,9.9-2,1.8-2.7-.4-8-.4-8A11.91,11.91,0,0,0,20.5,1a12.79,12.79,0,1,0-9.6,23.7,11.14,11.14,0,0,0,3,.8l.9,9.2h1.6l.9-9.2a12.93,12.93,0,0,0,10.3-7.9h0A13.39,13.39,0,0,1,15.4,18.8Z"/> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo_search" viewBox="0 0 247 68"> <title>OpenEdition Search</title> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M80.3,6.6c6.5,0,10.1,4.4,10.1,10.6S86.9,28,80.3,28c-6.6,0-10.1-4.4-10.1-10.7C70.2,10.9,73.8,6.6,80.3,6.6z M80.3,24.7c4.2,0,5.8-3.8,5.8-7.5c0-3.6-1.7-7.4-5.8-7.4c-4.1,0-5.8,3.7-5.8,7.4C74.5,20.9,76.1,24.7,80.3,24.7z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M93.9,12.4h3.8v2.2h0.1c0.9-1.5,2.4-2.5,4.7-2.5c4.7,0,6.4,3.7,6.4,7.9c0,4.2-1.7,8-6.5,8c-1.7,0-3.1-0.4-4.5-2.1h-0.1v8h-4V12.4z M97.9,19.9c0,2.2,0.9,4.9,3.5,4.9c2.6,0,3.3-2.8,3.3-4.9c0-2-0.7-4.9-3.3-4.9C98.9,15.1,97.9,17.8,97.9,19.9z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M124.2,26.7c-1.4,0.8-3.1,1.2-5.2,1.2c-5,0-8-2.9-8-7.9c0-4.4,2.3-8,7.1-8c5.7,0,7.2,3.9,7.2,9.2h-10.5c0.2,2.5,1.9,3.8,4.3,3.8c1.9,0,3.6-0.7,5.1-1.5V26.7z M121.5,18.5c-0.1-1.9-1-3.6-3.2-3.6c-2.2,0-3.3,1.5-3.5,3.6H121.5z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M128.4,12.4h3.8v2.1h0.1c1.2-1.7,2.9-2.4,5-2.4c3.6,0,5.2,2.5,5.2,6v9.6h-4v-8.1c0-1.9,0-4.4-2.6-4.4c-2.9,0-3.5,3.1-3.5,5.1v7.5h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M146.8,7H159v3.3h-8v5.1h7.4v3.3H151v5.8h8.1v3.3h-12.2V7z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M173.1,25.9L173.1,25.9c-1.2,1.5-2.9,2.1-4.7,2.1c-4.7,0-6.4-3.8-6.4-8c0-4.2,1.7-7.9,6.4-7.9c2,0,3.4,0.7,4.6,2.1h0.1V5.4h4v22.2h-3.8V25.9z M169.4,24.9c2.6,0,3.5-2.8,3.5-4.9c0-2.1-1-4.9-3.6-4.9c-2.6,0-3.3,2.8-3.3,4.9C166.1,22,166.8,24.9,169.4,24.9z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M181.1,5.8h4v3.8h-4V5.8z M181.1,12.4h4v15.2h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M190.5,15.3h-2.9v-2.9h2.9v-3l4-1.3v4.3h3.5v2.9h-3.5v7.1c0,1.3,0.4,2.5,1.9,2.5c0.7,0,1.4-0.1,1.8-0.4l0.1,3.1c-0.8,0.2-1.7,0.4-2.9,0.4c-3.1,0-4.8-1.9-4.8-4.9V15.3z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M200.8,5.8h4v3.8h-4V5.8z M200.8,12.4h4v15.2h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M215.9,12c4.5,0,8,3,8,8.1c0,4.4-2.9,7.9-8,7.9c-5,0-8-3.5-8-7.9C208,15.1,211.4,12,215.9,12z M215.9,24.9c3,0,3.8-2.7,3.8-5.3c0-2.3-1.2-4.5-3.8-4.5c-2.6,0-3.8,2.2-3.8,4.5C212.1,22.1,212.9,24.9,215.9,24.9z"/> <path fill="#F74A00" style="fill: var(--color13, #F74A00)" d="M227,12.4h3.8v2.1h0.1c1.2-1.7,2.9-2.4,5-2.4c3.6,0,5.2,2.5,5.2,6v9.6h-4v-8.1c0-1.9,0-4.4-2.6-4.4c-2.9,0-3.5,3.1-3.5,5.1v7.5h-4V12.4z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M36.1,64c10,0.3,19.6-5.5,23.8-15.2c0,0,0,0,0-0.1C46.8,48,36.4,61.7,36.1,64z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M6,42.2c10,0.1,19.4,6.2,23.2,16.2c0,0,0,0,0,0.1C16,58.6,6.4,47.1,6,42.2z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M32.5,36.4c-6.9-2.8-10-9-7.8-14.5c1.9-4.7,7-6.8,11.2-5.1c4.8,2,6.8,7.3,5.1,11.7c-0.9,2.2-2.7,3.9-4.5,5.3c6.9,2.5,14.6,0.2,17.1-3.5c3.1-4.7-0.7-13.7-0.7-13.7C50.8,11.9,47,7.9,41.3,5.6C30,1,17.1,6.5,12.5,17.9C8,29.2,13.5,42.1,24.8,46.7c1.7,0.7,3.4,1.1,5.1,1.4L31.5,64h2.8l1.5-15.9c7.7-1,14.7-6,17.8-13.7c0,0,0,0,0,0C48.4,37.6,40.5,39.7,32.5,36.4z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M77.4,53.9c-2.3,0-3.8-0.7-4.4-1c-0.3-0.6-0.7-2.6-0.8-3.9c0.1-0.2,0.6-0.3,0.7-0.1c0.4,1.4,1.6,4.2,4.8,4.2c2.3,0,3.5-1.5,3.5-3.2c0-1.2-0.3-2.6-2.3-3.9l-2.7-1.7c-1.4-0.9-3-2.5-3-4.8c0-2.7,2.1-4.8,5.7-4.8c0.9,0,1.9,0.2,2.6,0.4c0.4,0.1,0.8,0.2,1,0.2c0.3,0.7,0.5,2.2,0.5,3.4c-0.1,0.2-0.6,0.3-0.7,0.1c-0.4-1.3-1.1-3.2-3.8-3.2c-2.7,0-3.3,1.8-3.3,3.1c0,1.6,1.3,2.8,2.4,3.4l2.2,1.4c1.8,1.1,3.5,2.7,3.5,5.4C83.3,51.8,81,53.9,77.4,53.9z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M88.1,46.3c-0.7,0-0.8,0.1-0.8,0.8c0,2.8,1.6,5.2,4.6,5.2c0.9,0,1.7-0.3,2.6-1.4c0.3-0.1,0.5,0.1,0.5,0.3c-0.9,1.9-2.9,2.6-4.4,2.6c-1.8,0-3.2-0.8-4-1.8c-0.8-1.1-1.2-2.4-1.2-3.6c0-3.4,2.3-6.3,5.6-6.3c2.4,0,4,1.6,4,3.3c0,0.4-0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-0.1,0.2-0.5,0.2-1.6,0.2H88.1z M89.8,45.4c2.1,0,2.7-0.1,2.9-0.3c0.1-0.1,0.2-0.2,0.2-0.5c0-0.8-0.5-1.8-2.2-1.8c-1.6,0-3.1,1.5-3.1,2.4c0,0.1,0,0.1,0.2,0.1H89.8z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M102.1,47.7c0.4-0.1,0.5-0.4,0.5-0.8l0-1.3c0-1-0.3-2.4-2-2.4c-0.8,0-1.7,0.4-1.8,1.3c0,0.4-0.1,0.8-0.3,0.9c-0.4,0.3-1.2,0.5-1.6,0.5c-0.3,0-0.4-0.1-0.4-0.4c0-1.5,3.2-3.4,5.2-3.4c2,0,3,1.2,2.9,3.3l-0.2,4.9c-0.1,1.3,0.2,2.4,1.3,2.4c0.3,0,0.5-0.1,0.7-0.2c0.1-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.4-0.2c0.1,0,0.2,0.2,0.2,0.4c0,0.1-1,1.2-2.3,1.2c-0.7,0-1.3-0.3-1.8-0.9c-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.4-0.4-0.4c-0.2,0-0.5,0.3-1.1,0.6c-0.6,0.3-1.2,0.7-2,0.7c-0.8,0-1.5-0.2-2-0.6c-0.5-0.5-0.9-1.2-0.9-2c0-1.1,0.5-1.7,2.3-2.4L102.1,47.7z M100.4,52.6c0.6,0,1.4-0.4,1.7-0.7c0.3-0.3,0.3-0.7,0.4-1.3l0.1-1.6c0-0.3-0.1-0.4-0.3-0.4c-0.2,0-0.6,0.1-1.1,0.3c-1.6,0.6-2.5,1-2.5,2.1C98.7,51.4,99,52.6,100.4,52.6z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M109.5,45.4c0-1.1,0-1.2-0.8-1.7l-0.3-0.2c-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.4,0-0.5c0.6-0.2,2.1-0.9,2.8-1.4c0.1,0,0.2,0.1,0.2,0.2v1.6c0,0.1,0,0.2,0.1,0.3c1-0.8,2-1.7,3.1-1.7c0.7,0,1.3,0.4,1.3,1.1c0,0.9-0.8,1.3-1.2,1.3c-0.3,0-0.4-0.1-0.6-0.2c-0.4-0.3-0.8-0.4-1.2-0.4c-0.4,0-0.8,0.3-1,0.6c-0.3,0.4-0.4,1.2-0.4,2.2v3.8c0,2,0.1,2.3,1.1,2.4l1,0.1c0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-1.3-0.1-2.1-0.1-3.1-0.1c-1,0-1.8,0-2.6,0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.6-0.1-0.7l0.5-0.1c1-0.2,1.1-0.4,1.1-2.4V45.4z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M126.2,42.5c0.2,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.4,1.1c0,0.5-0.3,1-0.6,1c-0.1,0-0.3-0.1-0.4-0.2c-0.6-0.8-1.6-1.5-2.8-1.5c-2,0-3.9,1.5-3.9,4.5c0,2.2,1.5,4.8,4.5,4.8c1.6,0,2.5-0.7,3.1-1.7c0.2-0.1,0.5,0.1,0.5,0.4c-0.9,2.1-3,2.8-4.7,2.8c-1.5,0-2.8-0.5-3.8-1.4c-1-0.9-1.6-2.3-1.6-4.1c0-3,2.1-6.2,6.8-6.2C124.3,42,125.4,42.2,126.2,42.5z"/> <path fill="#FC7C00" style="fill: var(--color14, #FC7C00)" d="M129.5,37.7c0-1.6,0-1.8-0.9-2.3l-0.3-0.2c-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.5,0-0.6c0.7-0.2,2-0.6,3-1.2c0.1,0,0.2,0.1,0.3,0.2c0,0.8-0.1,2.2-0.1,3.5V43c0,0.3,0,0.5,0.1,0.5c1-0.8,2.3-1.5,3.8-1.5c2.7,0,3.6,1.6,3.6,3.6v4.7c0,2,0.1,2.3,1.1,2.4l0.8,0.1c0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-1-0.1-1.8-0.1-2.8-0.1c-1,0-1.8,0-2.6,0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.6-0.1-0.7l0.6-0.1c1-0.2,1.1-0.4,1.1-2.4v-4c0-1.8-0.9-3-2.7-3c-0.9,0-1.7,0.3-2.2,0.8c-0.5,0.4-0.6,0.6-0.6,1.5v4.7c0,2,0.1,2.3,1.1,2.4l0.6,0.1c0.2,0.1,0.1,0.6-0.1,0.7c-0.8-0.1-1.6-0.1-2.6-0.1c-1,0-1.8,0-2.7,0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.6-0.1-0.7l0.7-0.1c1-0.1,1.1-0.4,1.1-2.4V37.7z"/> </symbol> </defs> </svg> </body> </html>