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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nabigazioa </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Azala" title="Azala bisitatu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Azala</span></a></li><li id="n-Txikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Txikipedia:Azala"><span>Txikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Ikusgela" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Atari:Hezkuntza/Ikusgela"><span>Ikusgela</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Txokoa" title="Proiektuaren inguruan, zer egin dezakezu, non aurkitu nahi duzuna"><span>Txokoa</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:AzkenAldaketak" title="Wikiko azken aldaketen zerrenda. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Aldaketa berriak</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:Ausazkoa" title="Ausazko orrialde bat kargatu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ausazko orria</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" title="Aurkitzeko lekua."><span>Laguntza</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Azala" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Entziklopedia askea" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:Bilatu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Bilatu</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" aria-label="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Berezi:Bilatu"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Bilatu</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itxura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itxura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu" class=""><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Pergamo" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Pergamo" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Pergamo" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Pergamo" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atalidak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atalidak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Atalidak</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Atalidak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Atalidak azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Atalidak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aurrekariak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aurrekariak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Aurrekariak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aurrekariak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leinua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leinua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Leinua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leinua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pergamoko_erregeak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pergamoko_erregeak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Pergamoko erregeak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pergamoko_erregeak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herritar_ezagunak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herritar_ezagunak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Herritar ezagunak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herritar_ezagunak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pergamo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 71 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="بيرغامون – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيرغامون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="بيرجامون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيرجامون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9rgamu" title="Pérgamu – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pérgamu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perqam" title="Perqam – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Perqam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пергам – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пергам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пэргам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пэргам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пергам – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пергам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam" title="Pergam – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pergam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8rgam" title="Pèrgam – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pèrgam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergama_(lungsod)" title="Bergama (lungsod) – cebuanoera" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bergama (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuanoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Πέργαμος – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πέργαμος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamo" title="Pergamo – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pergamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9rgamo" title="Pérgamo – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pérgamo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="پرگامون – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرگامون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergame" title="Pergame – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pergame" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9argamas" title="Péargamas – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Péargamas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9rgamo" title="Pérgamo – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pérgamo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F" title="פרגמון – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרגמון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam" title="Pergam – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pergam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Պերգամոն – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պերգամոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamum" title="Pergamum – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pergamum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamo" title="Pergamo – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pergamo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3" title="ペルガモン – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペルガモン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="პერგამონი – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პერგამონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пергам – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пергам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EA%B0%80%EB%AA%AC" title="페르가몬 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페르가몬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamum" title="Pergamum – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pergamum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamas" title="Pergamas – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pergamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergama" title="Pergama – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pergama" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam%C3%B4sy" title="Pergamôsy – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pergamôsy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пергам – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пергам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82,_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Пергам хот, эртний Грек хот – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Пергам хот, эртний Грек хот" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – maltera" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam" title="Pergam – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pergam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon_(miasto)" title="Pergamon (miasto) – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pergamon (miasto)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9rgamo" title="Pérgamo – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pérgamo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam" title="Pergam – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pergam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пергам – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пергам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamu" title="Pergamu – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pergamu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam" title="Pergam – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pergam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam" title="Pergam – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Pergam" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="เพอร์กามอน – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เพอร์กามอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamo" title="Pergamo – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pergamo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Пергам – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пергам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="پیرگامون – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پیرگامون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pergamon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%8A%A0%E9%A9%AC" title="帕加马 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="帕加马" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%8A%A0%E9%A9%AC" title="帕加马 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="帕加马" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E9%96%80%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E" title="巴格門古城 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴格門古城" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18986#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pergamo" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:Pergamo&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pergamo"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pergamo"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=history"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Orokorra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Pergamo" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Pergamo" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&oldid=9605700" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=Pergamo&id=9605700&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPergamo"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPergamo"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Pergamo"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Pergamo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pergamon" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18986" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Koordenatu_geografiko_sistema" class="mw-redirect" title="Koordenatu geografiko sistema">Koordenatuak</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8629292">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pergamo&params=39.11667_N_27.18333_E_region:_type:_scale:_dim:_globe:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°07′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">27°11′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.11667°N 27.18333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.11667; 27.18333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #bbb; padding:3px;">Pergamo</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center">τὸ Πέργαμον</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-top: 2px solid #ddd; border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd; background-color: #eee;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/24px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/36px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg/48px-World_Heritage_Logo_global.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCOren</a> <a href="/wiki/Gizateriaren_ondare" title="Gizateriaren ondare">gizateriaren ondarea</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamon_and_its_Multi-Layered_Cultural_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape (sortu gabe)">Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Temple_of_Trajan,_Pergamon_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Temple_of_Trajan%2C_Pergamon_01.jpg/285px-Temple_of_Trajan%2C_Pergamon_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="285" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Temple_of_Trajan%2C_Pergamon_01.jpg/428px-Temple_of_Trajan%2C_Pergamon_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Temple_of_Trajan%2C_Pergamon_01.jpg/570px-Temple_of_Trajan%2C_Pergamon_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3982" data-file-height="2882" /></a></span><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pergamon" title="c:Category:Pergamon"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/10px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pergamon" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Pergamon">Irudi gehiago</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #bbb;">Kokapena</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th>Estatu burujabe</th><td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkia" title="Turkia">Turkia</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th>Turkiako probintzia</th><td><a href="/wiki/Izmir_probintzia" title="Izmir probintzia">Izmir probintzia</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th>Turkiako barrutia</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bergama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bergama (sortu gabe)">Bergama</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Koordenatuak</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8629292">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pergamo&params=39.11667_N_27.18333_E_region:_type:_scale:_dim:_globe:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°07′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">27°11′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.11667°N 27.18333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.11667; 27.18333</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="200" data-zoom="12" data-lat="39.11667" data-lon="27.18333" data-overlays="["_366f354e8fc08378bc50131ba8cb36a293e14c41"]" href="/wiki/Berezi:Map/12/39.11667/27.18333/eu"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,39.11667,27.18333,280x200.png?lang=eu&domain=eu.wikipedia.org&title=Pergamo&revid=9605700&groups=_366f354e8fc08378bc50131ba8cb36a293e14c41" width="280" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,39.11667,27.18333,280x200@2x.png?lang=eu&domain=eu.wikipedia.org&title=Pergamo&revid=9605700&groups=_366f354e8fc08378bc50131ba8cb36a293e14c41 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #bbb;">Historia eta erabilera</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><td><b>Irekiera</b></td><td>K.a. VIII. mendea</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #bbb;">Arkitektura</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Azalera</th><td class="infobox-data">315,46 ha</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #bbb;">Gizateriaren ondarea</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Erreferentzia</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1457-001">1457-001</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Eskualdea<sup id="cite_ref-fn1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>I<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">Europa eta Ipar Amerika</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 40%;">Izen-ematea</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gizateriaren_Ondare#Batzarraren_bilkurak" class="mw-redirect" title="Gizateriaren Ondare">bilkura</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: upper-roman;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn1-1"><a href="#cite_ref-fn1_1-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">UNESCOk egindako sailkapenaren arabera</span> </li> </ol></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pergamo</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Antzinako_greziera" title="Antzinako greziera">antzinako grezieraz</a>: <span lang="grc">Πέργαμος</span>, <i>Pérgamon</i>) <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia Txikiaren</a> ipar-mendebaldeko antzinako hiria zen, egungo <a href="/wiki/Turkia" title="Turkia">Turkian</a>. <a href="/wiki/Egeo" title="Egeo">Egeo itsasoaren</a> kostaldetik 30 kilometrotara zegoen, <a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a> uhartearen parean, <a href="/wiki/Misia" title="Misia">Misia</a> izeneko eskualdean. Bere hondakinek egungo Bergama hiria inguratzen dute, Pergamoren behealdea izan zenaren gainean eraikitako hiria. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elezaharrak Pergamo hiria <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoptolemo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoptolemo (sortu gabe)">Neoptolemo</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Andromaka" title="Andromaka">Andromakaren</a> seme zen Pergamosek sortu zuela dio, hirurak <a href="/wiki/Troiako_gerra" class="mw-redirect" title="Troiako gerra">Troiako gerrako</a> pertsonaiak. <a href="/wiki/K.a._560ko_hamarkada" title="K.a. 560ko hamarkada">K.a. 560an</a> hiria <a href="/wiki/Lidia" title="Lidia">Lidiako</a> errege zen <a href="/wiki/Kreso" title="Kreso">Kresorena</a> zen, eta handik denbora batera <a href="/wiki/Ziro_Handia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziro Handia">Ziro II.a</a> Pertsiako erregearena izatera pasa zen. Iturriren batzuk Alexandro Handiak Pertsiako erregea zen Dario III.a garaitu eta Asia Txiki guztia bereganatu zuenean, Pergamoko gobernari bezala <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barsine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barsine (sortu gabe)">Barsine</a> jarri zuela diote, <a href="/wiki/Rodas" title="Rodas">Rodaseko</a> persiar komandante baten emaztea zena. </p><p>Baina hain handi izatera iritsi zen hiri honen jatorria gorengo tokian dagoen <a href="/wiki/Zitadela" title="Zitadela">zitadela</a> batean dago, non <a href="/wiki/Lisimako_Traziakoa" title="Lisimako Traziakoa">Lisimako Traziakoa</a> jeneralak bere altxorra gorde zuen. Uste denez, aberastasun handia bildu zuen, 9000 <a href="/wiki/Talentu_(txanpona)" title="Talentu (txanpona)">talenturaino</a>, beste bitxi batzuekin batera han utzi zituenak tokiko gobernaria zen <a href="/wiki/Filetero" title="Filetero">Fileteroren</a> zaintzapean (Filetaro edo Filetairoi ere deitua beste egile batzuen partetik). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atalidak">Atalidak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Atalidak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Atalidak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg/320px-Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg/480px-Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg/640px-Asia_Minor_188_BCE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1045" data-file-height="572" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Atalidar_dinastia" title="Atalidar dinastia">Pergamoko Erresuma</a> (berde ilunez), eremu hedatuena <a href="/wiki/K.a._188" title="K.a. 188">K.a. 188an</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aurrekariak">Aurrekariak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Aurrekariak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Aurrekariak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Filetero mazedoniarra zen, Atalo eta Boaren semea. Alexandro Handiaren jenerala zen <a href="/wiki/Antigono_Monoftalmos" title="Antigono Monoftalmos">Antigono Monoftalmosen</a> agindupean aritu zen, eta beranduago, <a href="/wiki/Lisimako_Traziakoa" title="Lisimako Traziakoa">Lisimako Traziakoak</a>, Pergamoko komandante izendatu zuen eta akropolian gordetzen zen estatu altxorraren arduradun egin zuen. Gobernari bezala, bere agintaldiak <a href="/wiki/K.a._283" title="K.a. 283">K.a. 283tik</a> <a href="/wiki/K.a._263" title="K.a. 263">K.a. 263</a> arte iraun zuen, lehenik Lisimakoren agindupean, ondoren <a href="/wiki/Seleuko_I.a_Nikator" title="Seleuko I.a Nikator">Seleuko I.a Nikator</a> Seleuzidar enperadorearenean, eta, azkenik, gobernari independente bezala. Filetero sekula ez zen errege izendatua izan, baina <a href="/wiki/K.a._129" title="K.a. 129">K.a. 129an</a> <a href="/wiki/Eumenes_III.a" title="Eumenes III.a">Eumenes III.arekin</a> amaitu zen leinu baten hasiera izan zen. </p><p><a href="/wiki/K.a._281" title="K.a. 281">K.a. 281ean</a> Lisimako Traziakoa eta Seleuko I.a Nikatorren arteko enfrentamendua gertatu zen, non Lisimako hil zen. Apur bat beranduago, hurrengo urtean, <a href="/wiki/K.a._280" title="K.a. 280">K.a. 280an</a>, Seleuko eraila hil zen, eta bere oinordekoa bere seme <a href="/wiki/Antioko_I.a_Soter" title="Antioko I.a Soter">Antioko I.a Soter</a> izan zen. Errege aldaketa hau Fileterok probestu zuen Pergamoko lurralde osoa independente aldarrikatzeko, oso erraz izan zuena, Lisimakoren aginduz zaintzen zuen altxorra bereganatzeaz ondo arduratu baitzen. Hala, Pergamo eta hiri honen pean zeuden hiri eta herri guztiak seleuzidar inperiotik at geratu ziren. </p><p>Pergamo hiri kosmopolita zen, erromatar inperioaren topaketa kulturalarena, antzinako jainko eta jainkosen gune jentila, Zeusen aulkia baitzegoen, judu eta jentilen kristautze garaian, hauen irakaspenek erromatar gizartearen sinesmen jentila ahultzen zuen, irudiak eta jainkoak ez ziren jainkoenganako gurtza Jainkoaren aurrean lotsagarria zela adieraziz, eta honegatik eta gainontzeko ekintza gaiztoengatik Epaiketa izugarri bat iritsiko zela. Idazkun Sakratuetako <a href="/wiki/Apokalipsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Apokalipsi">Apokalipsiaren</a> liburuak Pergamo aipatzen du, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balaam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balaam (sortu gabe)">Balaamen</a> doktrina eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolaismo (sortu gabe)">nikolaiten</a> irakaskuntza duen eliza heretikoa dagoen tokia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leinua">Leinua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Leinua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Leinua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Leinu honen agintaldian, Pergamo potentzia aberats eta boteretsu bihurtzen hasi zen. Hiri honetan sortu zen <a href="/wiki/Lorezaintza" title="Lorezaintza">lorezaintzaren</a> artea. Bertako erregeak arte bildumagile handiak eta bibliografo onak izan ziren. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eunuko" title="Eunuko">Eunukoa</a> zen, eta, beraz, seme-alabarik ez zuen Fileteroren oinordekoa bere iloba izan zen, semetzat hartua, Eumenes, <a href="/wiki/Eumenes_I.a" title="Eumenes I.a">Eumenes I.a</a> izenarekin gobernatu zuena <a href="/wiki/K.a._263" title="K.a. 263">K.a. 263</a> eta <a href="/wiki/K.a._241" title="K.a. 241">K.a. 241</a> bitartean. Eumenesek Egiptoko erregearen babesa eta laguntza lortu zuen bere seleuziar arerioa zen Antioko I.aren aurka. Gobernari honen balentria handi bat bere mertzenarioaren armadarekin <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia Txikian</a> barneratu ziren galiar tribuen inbasioa (kasu honetan <i><a href="/wiki/Galaziera" title="Galaziera">galata</a></i> deituak) geldiaraztea izan zen. Pergamo hiria edertzen joan zen bere agintaldian zehar. </p><p>Bere oinordekoa <a href="/wiki/Atalo_I.a_Soter" class="mw-redirect" title="Atalo I.a Soter">Atalo I.a Soter</a> izan zen, errege titulua hartu zuena eta <a href="/wiki/K.a._241" title="K.a. 241">K.a. 241</a> eta <a href="/wiki/K.a._197" title="K.a. 197">K.a. 197</a> artean gobernatu zuena. Atalok berriz borrokatu zuen galaten aurka, berriz ere inguru horretatik agertu zirenak, eta <a href="/wiki/K.a._230" title="K.a. 230">K.a. 230ean</a> suntsitu egin zituen zenbait kanpainaren ondoren. <a href="/wiki/Antioko_III.a_Megas" class="mw-redirect" title="Antioko III.a Megas">Antioko III.a Megas</a> seleuzidar erregearen aurka borrokatu eta berau garaitu ere egin zuen, hala Asia Txikiaren ipar-mendebalde guztia domeinatu zuelarik. Atalok <a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erromarekin</a> aliantza on bat mantentzen jakin zuen, jada herri dominatzaile bezala agertzen hasia zena. Bere agintaldian Pergamo gune artistiko eta literario bezala nabarmendu zen eta bere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamoko_liburutegia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pergamoko liburutegia (sortu gabe)">liburutegia</a> ezagutzen zen mundu guztiko garrantzitsuena izatera iritsi zen <a href="/wiki/Alexandriako_Liburutegia" title="Alexandriako Liburutegia">Alexandriako liburutegiaren</a> ondoren. </p><p>Hurrengo erregea <a href="/wiki/Eumenes_II.a" title="Eumenes II.a">Eumenes II.a Soter</a> izan zen, <a href="/wiki/K.a._197" title="K.a. 197">K.a. 197</a> eta <a href="/wiki/K.a._159" title="K.a. 159">K.a. 159</a> artean gobernatu zuena. Bere agintaldian eraiki zen Zeusen aldare handia, heleniar artearen lan nagusia. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Atalo_II.a" title="Atalo II.a">Atalo II.ak</a> <a href="/wiki/K.a._138" title="K.a. 138">K.a. 138</a> eta <a href="/wiki/K.a._133" title="K.a. 133">K.a. 133</a> artean gobernatu zuen. Honen ondoren erregealdi laburra izan zuten beste bi errege egon ziren, <a href="/wiki/Atalo_III.a" title="Atalo III.a">Atalo III.a</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Eumenes_III.a" title="Eumenes III.a">Eumenes III.a Aristoniko</a>. Atalo II.ak bere testamentuan erresuma erromatar herriari eman zion. Erromaren kontrolpean, Pergamo Asia Txikia erromatar probintziaren hiriburu eta Antzinaroko hiririk garrantzitsuenetako bat bihurtu zen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pergamoko_erregeak">Pergamoko erregeak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Pergamoko erregeak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Pergamoko erregeak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisimako_Traziakoa" title="Lisimako Traziakoa">Lisimako</a> Traziako errege (<a href="/wiki/K.a._322" title="K.a. 322">K.a. 322</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._281" title="K.a. 281">K.a. 281</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filetero" title="Filetero">Filetero</a> (<a href="/wiki/K.a._282" title="K.a. 282">K.a. 282</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._263" title="K.a. 263">K.a. 263</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eumenes_I.a" title="Eumenes I.a">Eumenes I.a</a> (<a href="/wiki/K.a._263" title="K.a. 263">K.a. 263</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._241" title="K.a. 241">K.a. 241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalo_I.a" title="Atalo I.a">Atalo I.a</a> (<a href="/wiki/K.a._241" title="K.a. 241">K.a. 241</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._197" title="K.a. 197">K.a. 197</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eumenes_II.a" title="Eumenes II.a">Eumenes II.a</a> (<a href="/wiki/K.a._197" title="K.a. 197">K.a. 197</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._160" title="K.a. 160">K.a. 160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalo_II.a" title="Atalo II.a">Atalo II.a</a> (<a href="/wiki/K.a._160" title="K.a. 160">K.a. 160</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._138" title="K.a. 138">K.a. 138</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalo_III.a" title="Atalo III.a">Atalo III.a</a> (<a href="/wiki/K.a._138" title="K.a. 138">K.a. 138</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._133" title="K.a. 133">K.a. 133</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eumenes_III.a" title="Eumenes III.a">Eumenes III.a</a> Aristoniko (erregegaia, <a href="/wiki/K.a._133" title="K.a. 133">K.a. 133</a>-<a href="/wiki/K.a._128" title="K.a. 128">K.a. 128</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herritar_ezagunak">Herritar ezagunak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Herritar ezagunak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Herritar ezagunak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epigono&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epigono (sortu gabe)">Epigono</a> (K.a. III. mendea) eskultorea</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eulio_Nikon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eulio Nikon (sortu gabe)">Eulio Nikon</a> (K.a. II. mendea) arkitekto eta eraikitzailea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeno" title="Galeno">Galeno</a> (129-200/216) fisikaria</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFEuskaltzaindia2006-1-27"><a href="/wiki/Euskaltzaindia" title="Euskaltzaindia">Euskaltzaindia</a>.  (2006-1-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/dok/arauak/Araua_0147.pdf"><i>Antzinateko hirien euskarazko izenak. </i></a></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pergamo_Museoa" title="Pergamo Museoa">Pergamo Museoa</a> (Berlin)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pergamo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div 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Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pergamon">Pergamon</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q18986%22">Q18986</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-316430079">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316430079/">316430079</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119797639">119797639</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119797639">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4075982-9">4075982-9</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2010002654">sh2010002654</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge940868">ge940868</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Pergamum">url</a></span></li> <li><b>Lekuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24575107" class="extiw" title="d:Q24575107">Atlas Digital del Imperio Romano</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imperium.ahlfeldt.se/places/21158">21158</a></span></li> <li><b>Ondare historikoa</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gizateriaren_ondare" title="Gizateriaren ondare">Gizateriaren ondare</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1457-001">1457-001</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18986" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q18986">Q18986</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" 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title="Pamukkale">Pamukkale</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pergamo</a></li> <li>Xanthos / <a href="/wiki/Letoon" title="Letoon">Letoon</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Itsaso_Beltzeko_eskualdea" title="Itsaso Beltzeko eskualdea">Itsaso Beltza</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hattusa" title="Hattusa">Hattusa</a><small>ko hiriburu hitita</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safranbolu" title="Safranbolu">Safranbolu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Erdialdeko_Anatolia_eskualdea" title="Erdialdeko Anatolia eskualdea">Erdialdeko Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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class="mw-redirect" title="Xanthos">Xanthos</a> / Letoon<sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hegoekialdeko_Anatolia_eskualdea" class="mw-redirect" title="Hegoekialdeko Anatolia eskualdea">Hego-ekialdeko Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nemrut_(mendia)" title="Nemrut (mendia)">Nemrut</a><small> mendia Komagenen</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1rreko_gotorlekua" title="Diyarbakırreko gotorlekua">Diyarbakır<small>reko gotorlekua</small></a><small> eta <a href="/wiki/Hevsel_lorategiak" title="Hevsel lorategiak">Hevsel lorategiak</a></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe" title="Göbekli Tepe">Göbekli Tepe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> Beste eskualdeekin 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