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Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82_(%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B9)" title="طباق (بديع) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طباق (بديع)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiteza" title="Antiteza – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Antiteza" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%ADtesi" title="Antítesi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antítesi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiteze" title="Antiteze – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Antiteze" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithese" title="Antithese – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antithese" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%ADtesis" title="Antítesis – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antítesis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitezo" title="Antitezo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antitezo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitesi" title="Antitesi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antitesi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="برابر نهاد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برابر نهاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antith%C3%A8se" title="Antithèse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Antithèse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%ADtese" title="Antítese – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Antítese" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%88%ED%8B%B0%ED%85%8C%EC%A0%9C" title="안티테제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="안티테제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բառական հակադրություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բառական հակադրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiteza" title="Antiteza – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Antiteza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitezo" title="Antitezo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Antitezo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitesis" title="Antitesis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Antitesis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithese" title="Antithese – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Antithese" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitesi" title="Antitesi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Antitesi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%96%D7%94" title="אנטיתזה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנטיתזה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ანტითეზისი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანტითეზისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabaini" title="Tabaini – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tabaini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitesis" title="Antitesis – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Antitesis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithese_(stijlfiguur)" title="Antithese (stijlfiguur) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Antithese (stijlfiguur)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC" title="アンチテーゼ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンチテーゼ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitese" title="Antitese – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Antitese" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiteza" title="Antiteza – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Antiteza" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82_(%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84)" title="طباق (تقابل) – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="طباق (تقابل)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antyteza" title="Antyteza – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antyteza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%ADtese" title="Antítese – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antítese" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitez%C4%83" title="Antiteză – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Antiteză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiteza" title="Antiteza – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Antiteza" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%ACtisi" title="Antìtisi – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Antìtisi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithesis" title="Antithesis – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Antithesis" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antit%C3%A9za" title="Antitéza – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Antitéza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DA%98_%D8%A8%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%83" title="دژ بە یەك – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دژ بە یەك" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitesis" title="Antitesis – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Antitesis" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antites" title="Antites – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antites" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithesis" title="Antithesis – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Antithesis" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1tl%C4%B1k" title="Karşıtlık – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karşıtlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Антитеза – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антитеза" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%AF%E6%89%98" title="襯托 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="襯托" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%A0%E8%A5%AF" title="映襯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="映襯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q487994#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Antithesis" title="View the content page [c]" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Topic in philosophy; something that is the opposite of something else</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Antithesis_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Antithesis (disambiguation)">Antithesis (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p> <b>Antithesis</b> (<abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr>: <b>antitheses</b>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> for "setting opposite", from <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀντι-</span></span> "against" and <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">θέσις</span></span> "placing") is used in writing or speech either as a proposition that contrasts with or reverses some previously mentioned proposition, or when two opposites are introduced together for contrasting effect.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Antithesis can be defined as "a <a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">figure of speech</a> involving a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses, or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure. Parallelism of expression serves to emphasize opposition of ideas".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An antithesis must always contain two ideas within one statement. The ideas may not be structurally opposite, but they serve to be functionally opposite when comparing two ideas for emphasis.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, the use of an antithesis makes the audience better understand the point the speaker is trying to make. Further explained, the comparison of two situations or ideas makes choosing the correct one simpler. Aristotle states that antithesis in rhetoric is similar to <a href="/wiki/Syllogism" title="Syllogism">syllogism</a> due to the presentation of two conclusions within a statement.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Antitheses are used to strengthen an argument by using either exact opposites or simply contrasting ideas, but can also include both. They typically make a sentence more memorable for the reader or listener through balance and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/emphasis" class="extiw" title="wikt:emphasis">emphasis</a> of the words.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rhetorical_antithesis">Rhetorical antithesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antithesis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Rhetorical antithesis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">rhetoric</a>, antithesis is a figure of speech involving the bringing out of a contrast in the <a href="/wiki/Idea" title="Idea">ideas</a> by an obvious contrast in the <a href="/wiki/Word" title="Word">words</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clause" title="Clause">clauses</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sentence_(linguistics)" title="Sentence (linguistics)">sentences</a>, within a parallel grammatical structure.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "antithesis" in rhetoric goes back to the 4th century BC, for example Aristotle, <i><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric_(Aristotle)" title="Rhetoric (Aristotle)">Rhetoric</a></i>, 1410a, in which he gives a series of examples. </p><p>An antithesis can be a simple statement contrasting two things, using a parallel structure: </p> <ul><li>I defended the Republic as a <b>young man</b>; I shall not desert her now that I am <b>old</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>, <i>2nd Philippic</i>, 2.118)</li></ul> <p>Often there is a double antithesis, as in the following proverb, where "man" is opposed to "God", and "proposes" is contrasted with "disposes": </p> <ul><li><b>Man proposes</b>, <b>God disposes</b>. (anonymous)</li></ul> <p>Another type is of the form "not A, but B" (negative-positive), in which the point made is emphasised by first being contrasted with its negative: </p> <ul><li>I came not to bring <b>peace</b> but a <b>sword</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">St Matthew's Gospel</a>, 10:34)</li></ul> <p>Another type involves an <a href="/wiki/Antimetabole" title="Antimetabole">antimetabole</a> (AB, BA word order), in which the contrasted words switch places: </p> <ul><li>In <b>peace</b> you long for <b>war</b>, and in <b>war</b> you long for <b>peace</b>.</li> <li>Two things show feebleness of mind: <b>holding your breath</b> at the time for <b>speaking</b>, and <b>speaking</b> when you should be <b>silent</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Saadi_Shirazi" title="Saadi Shirazi">Saadi</a>)</li></ul> <p>The negative-positive antithesis and the antimetabole-antithesis can be combined, as in the following sentence: </p> <ul><li>Ask not what <b>your country</b> can do for <b>you</b> – ask what <b>you</b> can do for <b>your country</b>. – <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Inauguration of John F. Kennedy">Inauguration of John F. Kennedy</a>, 1961.</li></ul> <p>An antithesis can also be combined with synonymous <a href="/wiki/Parallelism_(rhetoric)" title="Parallelism (rhetoric)">parallelism</a>. In the following example, the first (A, A') and second couplet (B, B') are parallel synonymously with the same adverb and verb combination distinguishing the couplets: "still do"/"still be"//"still do"/"still be." An antithesis is formed with line A contrasting "evil" with "right" in line B. Line A' contrasts the "filthy" with the "holy" in line B'.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>• A Let the evildoer still do evil,</dd> <dd>• A' and the filthy still be filthy,</dd> <dd>• B and the righteous still do right.</dd> <dd>• B' and the holy still be holy (Revelation 22:11).</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Twentieth-century rhetorician <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Burke" title="Kenneth Burke">Kenneth Burke</a> discusses the rhetorical aesthetic and stylistic effects of antithesis in one of the most referenced passages of <i>A Rhetoric of Motives</i>, one of his most famous works. In that book, Burke describes how antithesis can invite people to hold an "attitude of collaborative expectancy"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> through the rhetorical aesthetic principle of form.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Some_literary_examples">Some literary examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antithesis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Some literary examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some other examples of antithesis are: </p> <ul><li>Give <b>every</b> man <b>thy ear</b>, but <b>few</b> thy <b>voice</b>. (<a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>)</li> <li>For <b>many</b> are <b>called</b>, but <b>few</b> are <b>chosen.</b> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+22%3A14&version=RSVCE">Matthew 22:14</a>)</li> <li>Never give in — never, never, never, never, in nothing <b>great</b> or <b>small</b>, <b>large</b> or <b>petty</b>, never give in except to convictions of honour and good sense. (by <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>)</li> <li>It was the <b>best</b> of times, it was the <b>worst</b> of times, it was the age of <b>wisdom</b>, it was the age of <b>foolishness</b>, it was the epoch of <b>belief</b>, it was the epoch of <b>incredulity</b>, it was the season of <b>Light</b>, it was the season of <b>Darkness</b>, it was the <b>spring of hope</b>, it was the <b>winter of despair</b>, we had <b>everything</b> before us, we had <b>nothing</b> before us, we were all going direct to <b>Heaven</b>, we were all going direct the <b>other way</b>... (<a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_of_Two_Cities" title="A Tale of Two Cities">A Tale of Two Cities</a></i>)</li> <li>We must learn to <b>live together</b> as <b>brothers</b> or <b>perish together</b> as <b>fools</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>, speech at <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, 1964.)</li> <li>The world will little note, nor long remember <b>what we say here</b>, but it can never forget <b>what they did here</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Gettysburg_Address" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gettysburg Address">The Gettysburg Address</a>, 1863.)</li> <li>He who desires <b>peace</b>, should prepare for <b>war</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Publius_Flavius_Vegetius_Renatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus">Vegetius</a>, <i>Epitoma Rei Militaris</i>, book 3, introduction.)</li> <li>For <b>now</b> we see in a mirror dimly, but <b>then</b> face to face. <b>Now</b> I know in part; <b>then</b> I shall understand fully, even as I have been fully understood. (St Paul, 1st Epistle to the Corinthians 13:12, Revised Standard Version-Catholic Edition)</li> <li>My <b>men</b> have become <b>women</b>, and my <b>women</b>, <b>men</b>. (King <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis" title="Battle of Salamis">Battle of Salamis</a> (480 BC), according to <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> 8.88.3)</li> <li>Senator, in everything I said about Iraq <b>I</b> turned out to be <b>right</b> and <b>you</b> turned out to be <b>wrong</b>. (<a href="/wiki/George_Galloway" title="George Galloway">George Galloway</a> at a US Senate hearing, May 2005.)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>I'm not saying that <b>this or that statue</b> was stolen from there; I'm saying this, that you, Verres, left <b>not one single statue</b> in Aspendus. (<a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>, <i>In Verrem</i>, 2.1.53.)</li> <li>I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the <b>color of their skin</b> but by the <b>content of their character</b>. (<a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>, 1963.)</li> <li>For contemplation he and valour formed, For softness she and sweet attractive grace; He for God only, she for God in him. (John Milton, Paradise Lost)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_"Antitheses"_in_St_Matthew's_Gospel"><span id="The_.22Antitheses.22_in_St_Matthew.27s_Gospel"></span>The "Antitheses" in St Matthew's Gospel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antithesis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The "Antitheses" in St Matthew's Gospel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Matthew_5#Antitheses" title="Matthew 5">Matthew 5 § Antitheses</a></div> <p><i>Matthew's Antitheses</i> is the traditional name given to a section of the <a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> takes six well known prescriptions of the <a href="/wiki/613_Mitzvot" class="mw-redirect" title="613 Mitzvot">Mosaic Law</a> and calls his followers to do more than the Law requires. <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> scholars since the Reformation have generally believed that Jesus was setting his teaching over against false interpretations of the Law current at the time. "Antithesis" was the name given by <a href="/wiki/Marcion_of_Sinope" title="Marcion of Sinope">Marcion of Sinope</a> to a manifesto in which he contrasted the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> with the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> and defined what came to be known as <a href="/wiki/Marcionism" title="Marcionism">Marcionism</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_philosophical_discussion">In philosophical discussion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antithesis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In philosophical discussion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Thesis,_antithesis,_synthesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Thesis, antithesis, synthesis">Thesis, antithesis, synthesis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dialectic" title="Dialectic">Dialectic</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Dialectic" title="Dialectic">dialectics</a> (any formal system of reasoning that arrives at the truth by the exchange of logical arguments) antithesis is the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, usually in a balanced way. The logical arguments are said to be stated in the order <a href="/wiki/Thesis,_antithesis,_synthesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Thesis, antithesis, synthesis">thesis, antithesis, synthesis</a>. </p><p>Although this style of philosophical discussion (stating a point of view, then its opposite, and finally drawing a conclusion) was commonly used by ancient philosophers,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the use of the trio "thesis, antithesis, synthesis" itself to describe it goes back only to the 18th century, to a work published in 1794 by the German philosopher <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Johann Gottlieb Fichte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The phrase is sometimes incorrectly stated to originate from the German philosopher <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a>. However, Hegel never actually used the trio of terms except once in a lecture, in which he reproached <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> for having "everywhere posited thesis, antithesis, synthesis".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antithesis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/antithesis" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/antithesis">antithesis</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_hypothesis" title="Alternative hypothesis">Alternative hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_materialism" title="Dialectical materialism">Dialectical materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectic" title="Dialectic">Dialectic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposite_(semantics)" title="Opposite (semantics)">Opposite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimetabole" title="Antimetabole">Antimetabole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">Figure of speech</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antithesis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFerreira" class="citation journal cs1">Ferreira, Gladwyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QCzeDfeUe30C&q=Antithesis+figure+of+speech&pg=PA168">"English Kumarbharati Grammar,Language Study & Writing Skills Std.X"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=English+Kumarbharati+Grammar%2CLanguage+Study+%26+Writing+Skills+Std.X&rft.aulast=Ferreira&rft.aufirst=Gladwyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQCzeDfeUe30C%26q%3DAntithesis%2Bfigure%2Bof%2Bspeech%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntithesis" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCody2007" class="citation book cs1">Cody, Sherwin (December 31, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9xF14SzHIBAC&q=Antithesis+figure+of+speech&pg=PA111"><i>The Art of Writing and Speaking the English Language</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1406846577" title="Special:BookSources/978-1406846577"><bdi>978-1406846577</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Writing+and+Speaking+the+English+Language&rft.date=2007-12-31&rft.isbn=978-1406846577&rft.aulast=Cody&rft.aufirst=Sherwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9xF14SzHIBAC%26q%3DAntithesis%2Bfigure%2Bof%2Bspeech%26pg%3DPA111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntithesis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Antithesis". <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/columbiaencyclop15brid"><i>The Columbia Encyclopedia</i></a></span>. Columbia University Press. 1963.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Antithesis&rft.btitle=The+Columbia+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1963&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcolumbiaencyclop15brid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntithesis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLloyd1911" class="citation journal cs1">Lloyd, Alfred (May 25, 1911). "The Logic of Antithesis". <i>The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology, and Scientific Methods</i>. <b>8</b> (11): 281–289. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2013034">10.2307/2013034</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2013034">2013034</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Philosophy%2C+Psychology%2C+and+Scientific+Methods&rft.atitle=The+Logic+of+Antithesis&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=281-289&rft.date=1911-05-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2013034&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2013034%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntithesis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPremingerBrogan1993" class="citation book cs1">Preminger, Alex; Brogan, T.V.F. (1993). <i>Antithesis</i>. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antithesis&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Preminger&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.au=Brogan%2C+T.V.F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntithesis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nick Skellon, "Antithesis: examples and definition," Speak Like A Pro. 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Antithesis" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Antithesis">Antithesis</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 146–147.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Antithesis&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=146-147&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAntithesis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Craig R. Koester, 2014. Revelation (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014), 853.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burke, Kenneth. <i>A Rhetoric of Motives</i>. University of California Press, 1969. p. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Slater, Jarron. "Attitudes of Collaborative Expectancy: Antithesis, Gradatio, and A Rhetoric of Motives, Page 58." <i>Rhetoric Review</i> 37.3 (2018): 247-258.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/4557279.stm">BBC News online, 17 May 2005</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%205:17–48&version=nrsv">Matt. 5:17–48</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E.g. Cicero, <i>de Officiis</i> 3.54-57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Williams, Robert R. (1992). <i>Recognition: Fichte and Hegel on the Other</i>. SUNY Press. p. 46, note 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kaufmann, Walter, <i>Hegel: A Reinterpretation</i>, 1966, Anchor Books, p.154.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.charlesumlauf.com/antithesis.htm">[1]</a> - Antithesis in Plato's <i>Euthydemus</i> and <i>Lysis</i></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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