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<span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culinary_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Culinary uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culinary_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culinary uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culinary_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-As_condiment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_condiment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>As condiment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_condiment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_flavoring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_flavoring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>As flavoring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_flavoring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrogates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrogates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Surrogates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrogates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Chemistry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nutritional_information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nutritional_information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Nutritional information</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nutritional_information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Cultivation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wasabi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="وسابي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وسابي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonicum" title="Eutrema japonicum – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Eutrema japonicum" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasabi" title="Vasabi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vasabi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Уасаби – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уасаби" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rave_japon%C3%A8s" title="Rave japonès – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rave japonès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonicum" title="Eutrema japonicum – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Eutrema japonicum" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonsk%C3%A1" title="Eutrema japonská – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eutrema japonská" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapani_vasaabia" title="Jaapani vasaabia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jaapani vasaabia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B9" title="Γουασάμπι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γουασάμπι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonicum" title="Eutrema japonicum – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eutrema japonicum" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasabio" title="Vasabio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vasabio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="واسابی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واسابی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%B6%94%EB%83%89%EC%9D%B4" title="고추냉이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고추냉이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB" title="Վասաբի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վասաբի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80" title="वसाबी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वसाबी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabio_(planto)" title="Wasabio (planto) – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Wasabio (planto)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonicum" title="Eutrema japonicum – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eutrema japonicum" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99" title="ואסאבי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ואסאבי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japoninis_pipirkrienis" title="Japoninis pipirkrienis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Japoninis pipirkrienis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaszabi" title="Vaszabi – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vaszabi" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Васаби – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Васаби" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%89" title="وسابى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وسابى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonicum" title="Eutrema japonicum – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eutrema japonicum" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%83%93" title="ワサビ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ワサビ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi_(plante)" title="Wasabi (plante) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wasabi (plante)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasabi" title="Vasabi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vasabi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrzan_japo%C5%84ski" title="Chrzan japoński – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrzan japoński" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Васаби – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Васаби" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rrepa_pikante_japoneze" title="Rrepa pikante japoneze – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrepa pikante japoneze" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasabi" title="Vasabi – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vasabi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasabi" title="Vasabi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vasabi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maustekrassi" title="Maustekrassi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maustekrassi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4" title="วาซาบิ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วาซาบิ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasabi" title="Vasabi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vasabi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96" title="Васабі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Васабі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Wasabi" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of edible plant</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wasabi_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wasabi (disambiguation)">Wasabi (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Wasabi </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG/220px-Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG/330px-Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG/440px-Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Eutrema" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brassicales" title="Brassicales">Brassicales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brassicaceae" title="Brassicaceae">Brassicaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eutrema" title="Eutrema"><i>Eutrema</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>E. japonicum</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Eutrema japonicum</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Anton_Wilhelm_Miquel" title="Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel">Miq.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Gen-ichi_Koidzumi" title="Gen-ichi Koidzumi">Koidz.</a><sup id="cite_ref-Curtis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curtis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-POWO_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Wasabia japonica</i> <small>(Miq.) Matsum.</small></li> <li><i>Alliaria wasabi</i> <small>(Maxim.) Prantl</small></li> <li><i>Cochlearia wasabi</i> <small>Siebold.</small></li> <li><i>Eutrema koreanum</i></li> <li><i>Eutrema okinosimense</i> <small>Taken.</small></li> <li><i>Eutrema wasabi</i> <small>Maxim</small></li> <li><i>Lunaria japonica</i> (<a href="/wiki/Basionym" title="Basionym">basionym</a>) <small>Miq.</small><sup id="cite_ref-Miquel_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miquel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Wasabia hederifolia</i></li> <li><i>Wasabia okinosimensis</i> <small>(Taken.) Hatus.</small></li> <li><i>Wasabia pungens</i> <small>Matsum.</small></li> <li><i>Wasabia wasabi</i> <small>(Maxim.) Makino</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Wasabi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">ワサビ</span></span>, <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">わさび</span></span>, or <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">山葵</span></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ja-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[waꜜsabi]</a></span>) or <b>Japanese horseradish</b> (<i>Eutrema japonicum</i><sup id="cite_ref-POWO_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> syn. <i>Wasabia japonica</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a plant of the family <a href="/wiki/Brassicaceae" title="Brassicaceae">Brassicaceae</a>, which also includes <a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">horseradish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mustard_plant" title="Mustard plant">mustard</a> in other <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genera</a>. The plant is <a href="/wiki/Native_species" title="Native species">native</a> to Japan, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a><sup id="cite_ref-Curtis_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curtis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korean Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Eutrema_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eutrema-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 133">: 133 </span></sup> It grows naturally along stream beds in mountain river valleys in Japan. </p><p>Wasabi is grown for its <a href="/wiki/Rhizome" title="Rhizome">rhizomes</a>, which are ground into a paste as a <a href="/wiki/Pungency" title="Pungency">pungent</a> condiment for <a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">sushi</a> and other foods. It is similar in taste to hot mustard or horseradish rather than <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chilli peppers</a>, in that it stimulates the nose more than the tongue, but freshly grated wasabi has a subtly distinct flavour.<sup id="cite_ref-growing_edge_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-growing_edge-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 53">: 53 </span></sup> The main cultivars in the marketplace are <i>E. japonicum</i> 'Daruma' and 'Mazuma', but there are many others.<sup id="cite_ref-growing_edge_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-growing_edge-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The oldest record of wasabi as a food dates to the 8th century AD.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The popularity of wasabi in English-speaking countries has coincided with that of sushi, growing steadily from about 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to constraints that limit the Japanese wasabi plant's mass cultivation and thus increase its price and decrease availability outside Japan, the western horseradish plant is widely used in place of wasabi. This is commonly referred to as "western wasabi" (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">西洋わさび</span></span>) in Japan. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg/220px-Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg/330px-Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg/440px-Fresh_wasabi_rhizomes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Fresh wasabi stems</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Franz_von_Siebold" title="Philipp Franz von Siebold">Siebold</a> named <i>Cochlearia (?) wasabi</i> in 1830, noting its use <i>pro condimento</i> or "as a condiment";<sup id="cite_ref-Siebold_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siebold-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 54">: 54 </span></sup> however, this is a <i><a href="/wiki/Nomen_nudum" title="Nomen nudum">nomen nudum</a></i>, and the <a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">synonym</a> <i>Eutrema wasabi</i>, published by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Maximovich" title="Karl Maximovich">Maximovich</a> in 1873,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 283">: 283 </span></sup> is thus an <a href="/wiki/Nomen_illegitimum" title="Nomen illegitimum">illegitimate name</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Eutrema_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eutrema-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 133">: 133 </span></sup> The wasabi plant was first <a href="/wiki/Species_description" title="Species description">described</a> by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Anton_Wilhelm_Miquel" title="Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel">Miquel</a> in 1866, as <i>Lunaria (?) japonica</i>, from the <a href="/wiki/Type_(biology)" title="Type (biology)">type</a> collected by Siebold in Japan, though the precise <a href="/wiki/Type_locality_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Type locality (biology)">type locality</a> was not recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-Miquel_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miquel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 74">: 74 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1899 <a href="/wiki/Jinz%C5%8D_Matsumura" title="Jinzō Matsumura">Matsumura</a> erected the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Wasabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wasabia">Wasabia</a></i>, recognising within it the species <i>Wasabia pungens</i> and <i>Wasabia hederaefolia</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-Matsumura_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matsumura-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> these are now regarded as <a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">synonyms</a> of <i>Eutrema japonicum</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Eutrema_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eutrema-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 133">: 133 </span></sup> In 1912 Matsumura recognised the species <i>Wasabia japonica</i>, treating his earlier <i>Wasabia pungens</i> as a synonym.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1930, <a href="/wiki/Gen-ichi_Koidzumi" title="Gen-ichi Koidzumi">Koidzumi</a> transferred the wasabi plant to the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Eutrema" title="Eutrema">Eutrema</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Koidzumi_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koidzumi-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Correct_name" title="Correct name">correct name</a> and <a href="/wiki/Author_citation_(botany)" title="Author citation (botany)">author citation</a> being <i>Eutrema japonicum</i> (<a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Anton_Wilhelm_Miquel" title="Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel">Miq.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Gen-ichi_Koidzumi" title="Gen-ichi Koidzumi">Koidz.</a><sup id="cite_ref-Curtis_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Curtis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It has large leaves produced from long, thin stalks.<sup id="cite_ref-growing_edge_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-growing_edge-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 54">: 54 </span></sup> They are simple and large, 3–6 inches (7.6–15.2 cm) long and 3–6 inches (7.6–15.2 cm) wide with palmate veins.<sup id="cite_ref-PlantToolbox_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlantToolbox-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wasabi flowers appear in clusters from long stems that bloom from late winter to early spring.<sup id="cite_ref-PlantToolbox_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlantToolbox-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs additional references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">additional citation(s) needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culinary_uses">Culinary uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Culinary uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabi_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Wasabi_002.jpg/220px-Wasabi_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Wasabi_002.jpg/330px-Wasabi_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Wasabi_002.jpg/440px-Wasabi_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4348" data-file-height="3018" /></a><figcaption>Wasabi root and wasabi paste on a plate</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_condiment">As condiment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: As condiment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wasabi is mainly used to make wasabi paste, which is a pungent, spicy condiment eaten with foods like <a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">sushi</a>. The part used for wasabi paste has been characterized as the <a href="/wiki/Rhizome" title="Rhizome">rhizome</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Plant_stem" title="Plant stem">stem</a>, or the "rhizome plus the base part of the stem".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stores generally sell only this part of the plant. </p><p>The fresh rhizome is grated into a paste, and eaten in small amounts at a time. Traditionally, coarse <a href="/wiki/Shagreen" title="Shagreen">sharkskin</a> is used to grate the root, but metal graters called <i><a href="/wiki/Oroshigane" title="Oroshigane">oroshigane</a></i> are used in modern times. Fresh wasabi paste loses its flavor quickly if left uncovered, and so the paste is grated on the spot in some high-end restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-wasabicen_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wasabicen-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sushi chefs usually put the wasabi between the fish and the rice, to cover the wasabi and preserve its flavour. </p><p>Store-bought wasabi paste is usually made from dried wasabi powder, and sold in bottles or squeezable <a href="/wiki/Toothpaste" title="Toothpaste">toothpaste</a>-like tubes.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 228px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 226px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabi_(9452965932).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wasabi paste on a plate of sushi"><img alt="Wasabi paste on a plate of sushi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wasabi_%289452965932%29.jpg/339px-Wasabi_%289452965932%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wasabi_%289452965932%29.jpg/509px-Wasabi_%289452965932%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wasabi_%289452965932%29.jpg/678px-Wasabi_%289452965932%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wasabi paste on a plate of <a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">sushi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wasabi paste on a green shiso leaf"><img alt="Wasabi paste on a green shiso leaf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg/338px-Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg/507px-Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg/675px-Wasabi_on_green_shiso_leaves_by_june29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wasabi paste on a <a href="/wiki/Shiso" title="Shiso">green shiso</a> leaf</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benkei_Soba_(1183903385).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wasabi in a bowl of noodles, with nameko mushrooms"><img alt="Wasabi in a bowl of noodles, with nameko mushrooms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Benkei_Soba_%281183903385%29.jpg/338px-Benkei_Soba_%281183903385%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Benkei_Soba_%281183903385%29.jpg/507px-Benkei_Soba_%281183903385%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Benkei_Soba_%281183903385%29.jpg/676px-Benkei_Soba_%281183903385%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wasabi in a bowl of noodles, with <a href="/wiki/Nameko" class="mw-redirect" title="Nameko">nameko</a> mushrooms</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Takowasabi_(2014-02-15).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tako-wasabi, raw octopus mixed with wasabi"><img alt="Tako-wasabi, raw octopus mixed with wasabi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Takowasabi_%282014-02-15%29.JPG/300px-Takowasabi_%282014-02-15%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Takowasabi_%282014-02-15%29.JPG/451px-Takowasabi_%282014-02-15%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Takowasabi_%282014-02-15%29.JPG/600px-Takowasabi_%282014-02-15%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Tako-wasabi</i>, raw <a href="/wiki/Octopus" title="Octopus">octopus</a> mixed with wasabi </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji,_Tokyo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Itawasa with wasabi"><img alt="Itawasa with wasabi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji%2C_Tokyo.jpg/169px-Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji%2C_Tokyo.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji%2C_Tokyo.jpg/253px-Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji%2C_Tokyo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji%2C_Tokyo.jpg/337px-Itawasa_by_jetalone_in_Tsukiji%2C_Tokyo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Kamaboko" title="Kamaboko">Itawasa</a></i> with wasabi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_(17067887810).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wasabi with soba noodles"><img alt="Wasabi with soba noodles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_%2817067887810%29.jpg/400px-%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_%2817067887810%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_%2817067887810%29.jpg/601px-%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_%2817067887810%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_%2817067887810%29.jpg/800px-%E5%8F%B8%E3%81%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%84_%E6%96%B0%E5%B1%8B_%2817067887810%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wasabi with <a href="/wiki/Soba" title="Soba">soba</a> noodles</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chef_Grating_Wasabi_(12007382115).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A chef grating fresh wasabi root"><img alt="A chef grating fresh wasabi root" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Chef_Grating_Wasabi_%2812007382115%29.jpg/338px-Chef_Grating_Wasabi_%2812007382115%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Chef_Grating_Wasabi_%2812007382115%29.jpg/507px-Chef_Grating_Wasabi_%2812007382115%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Chef_Grating_Wasabi_%2812007382115%29.jpg/675px-Chef_Grating_Wasabi_%2812007382115%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4104" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A chef grating fresh wasabi root</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wasabi and metal oroshigane grater"><img alt="Wasabi and metal oroshigane grater" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg/261px-WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg/393px-WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg/523px-WasabiOnOroshigane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="551" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wasabi and metal <i><a href="/wiki/Oroshigane" title="Oroshigane">oroshigane</a></i> grater</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabi_sauce.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bottle of horseradish, artificial flavorings, and wasabi powder"><img alt="Bottle of horseradish, artificial flavorings, and wasabi powder" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Wasabi_sauce.jpg/169px-Wasabi_sauce.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Wasabi_sauce.jpg/253px-Wasabi_sauce.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Wasabi_sauce.jpg/337px-Wasabi_sauce.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bottle of horseradish, artificial flavorings, and wasabi powder </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_flavoring">As flavoring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: As flavoring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg/220px-Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg/330px-Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg/440px-Wasabi_coated_green_peas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1736" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Wasabi coated <a href="/wiki/Peas" class="mw-redirect" title="Peas">peas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Wasabi is used to flavor many foods, especially dry <a href="/wiki/Snacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Snacks">snacks</a>. <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Wasabi-mame</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">わさび豆</span></span>, "wasabi bean")</span> are <a href="/wiki/Legume" title="Legume">legumes</a> (peanuts, soybeans, or peas) that are roasted or fried and then coated with wasabi powder, and eaten as a snack. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg/220px-Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg/330px-Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg/440px-Azumino_Wasabizuke-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><i>Wasabizuke</i>, wasabi leaves pickled in <a href="/wiki/Sake_kasu" title="Sake kasu">sake lees</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Fresh wasabi leaves can be eaten raw, having a spicy flavor,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but a common side effect is <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PlantToolbox_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlantToolbox-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Wasabizuke</i> is made of wasabi leaves pickled in <a href="/wiki/Sake_kasu" title="Sake kasu">sake lees</a>, and is considered a specialty of <a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka Prefecture</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surrogates">Surrogates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Surrogates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wasabi favors growing conditions that restrict its wide cultivation – among other things, it is quite intolerant of direct sunlight, requires an air temperature between 8 and 20 °C (46 and 68 °F), and prefers high humidity in summer. This makes fully satisfying commercial demand impossible for growers, which makes wasabi quite expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, outside Japan, finding real wasabi plants is rare. </p><p>A common substitute is a mixture of horseradish, mustard, <a href="/wiki/Starch" title="Starch">starch</a>, and green food colouring or spinach powder.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often packages are labelled as wasabi while the ingredients do not include any part of the wasabi plant. The primary difference is colour, with wasabi being naturally green.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fresh horseradish root is described as having a similar (albeit simpler) flavor and texture to that of fresh wasabi.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Japan, horseradish is referred to as <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">seiyō wasabi</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">西洋わさび</span></span>, "western wasabi")</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Outside of Japan, where fresh wasabi is hard to obtain, a powdered mixture of horseradish and mustard oil, known as <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">kona wasabi</i></span>, is used at a majority of sushi restaurants, including reputable ones.<sup id="cite_ref-mouritsen_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mouritsen-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, true wasabi is generally found only at specialty grocers and high-end restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wasabi,_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Wasabi%2C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg/220px-Wasabi%2C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Wasabi%2C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg/330px-Wasabi%2C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Wasabi%2C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg/440px-Wasabi%2C_Iwasaki_Kanen_1828.jpg 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="1187" /></a><figcaption>Drawing of a wasabi plant, by <a href="/wiki/Iwasaki_Kanen" class="mw-redirect" title="Iwasaki Kanen">Iwasaki Kanen</a>, 1828</figcaption></figure> <p>The chemical in wasabi that provides its initial pungency is the volatile compound <a href="/wiki/Allyl_isothiocyanate" title="Allyl isothiocyanate">allyl isothiocyanate</a>, which is produced by <a href="/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis">hydrolysis</a> of allyl glucosinolate, a natural thioglucoside (conjugates of the sugar glucose and sulfur-containing organic compounds); the hydrolysis reaction is catalyzed by <a href="/wiki/Myrosinase" title="Myrosinase">myrosinase</a> and occurs when the enzyme is released on cell rupture caused by maceration – e.g., grating – of the plant.<sup id="cite_ref-Ina_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ina-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Masuda_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Masuda-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same compound is responsible for the pungency of horseradish and mustard. Allyl isothiocyanate can also be released when the wasabi plants have been damaged because it is being used as a defense mechanism.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sensory neural target of mustard oil is the chemosensory receptor, <a href="/wiki/TRPA1" title="TRPA1">TRPA1</a>, also known as the wasabi receptor.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The unique flavour of wasabi is a result of complex chemical mixtures from the broken cells of the plant, including those resulting from the hydrolysis of thioglucosides, including <a href="/wiki/Sinigrin" title="Sinigrin">sinigrin</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other glucosinolates, into glucose and methylthioalkyl <a href="/wiki/Isothiocyanate" title="Isothiocyanate">isothiocyanates</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-wasabicen_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wasabicen-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ina_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ina-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Masuda_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Masuda-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>6-(Methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate (<a href="/wiki/6-MITC" class="mw-redirect" title="6-MITC">6-MITC</a>)</li> <li>7-Methylthioheptyl isothiocyanate</li> <li>8-Methylthiooctyl isothiocyanate</li></ul> <p>Such isothiocyanates <a href="/wiki/Antimicrobial" title="Antimicrobial">inhibit microbial growth</a>, perhaps with implications for preserving food against spoilage and suppressing oral <a href="/wiki/Bacterial_growth" title="Bacterial growth">bacterial growth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because the burning sensations of wasabi are not oil-based, they are short-lived compared to the effects of <a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">capsaicin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chilli_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilli pepper">chilli peppers</a> and are washed away with more food or liquid. The sensation is felt primarily in the nasal passage and can be painful depending on the amount consumed. Inhaling or sniffing wasabi vapor has an effect like smelling salts, a property exploited by researchers attempting to create a smoke alarm for the deaf. One deaf subject participating in a test of the prototype awoke within 10 seconds of wasabi vapour sprayed into his sleeping chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ig_Nobel_Prize_winners#2011" title="List of Ig Nobel Prize winners">2011 Ig Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> was awarded to the researchers for determining the ideal density of airborne wasabi to wake people in the event of an emergency.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nutritional_information">Nutritional information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Nutritional information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wasabi is normally consumed in such small quantities that its nutritional value is negligible. The major constituents of raw wasabi root are carbohydrates (23.5%), water (69.1%), fat (0.63%), and protein (4.8%).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-%E5%B1%B1%E8%91%B5%E7%94%B0_Wasabi_Fields_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Wasabi crop growing at <a href="/wiki/Azumino,_Nagano" class="mw-redirect" title="Azumino, Nagano">Azumino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a>, Japan</figcaption></figure> <p>Few places are suitable for large-scale wasabi cultivation, which is difficult even in ideal conditions. In Japan, wasabi is cultivated mainly in these regions: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izu_Peninsula" title="Izu Peninsula">Izu Peninsula</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka Prefecture</a> ("Traditional Wasabi Cultivation in Shizuoka, Japan" is a <a href="/wiki/Globally_Important_Agricultural_Heritage_Systems" title="Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems">Globally</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Important_Agricultural_Heritage_Systems_(Japan)" title="List of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (Japan)">Japanese Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage System</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano Prefecture</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Daio_Wasabi_Farm" title="Daio Wasabi Farm">Daio Wasabi Farm</a> in <a href="/wiki/Azumino,_Nagano" class="mw-redirect" title="Azumino, Nagano">Azumino</a> (a popular tourist attraction and the world's largest commercial wasabi farm)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimane_Prefecture" title="Shimane Prefecture">Shimane Prefecture</a> known as its <a href="/wiki/Hikimi_wasabi" title="Hikimi wasabi">Hikimi wasabi</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg/220px-Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg/330px-Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg/440px-Azumino_Wasabi_fields-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Wasabi roots being sold in <a href="/wiki/Azumino,_Nagano" class="mw-redirect" title="Azumino, Nagano">Azumino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>2016 wasabi production in Japan (metric tonnes)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Prefecture</th> <th colspan="2">Cultivated in water</th> <th colspan="2">Cultivated in soil</th> <th colspan="3">Total </th></tr> <tr> <th>Stem</th> <th>Leafstalk</th> <th>Stem</th> <th>Leafstalk</th> <th>Stem</th> <th>Leafstalk</th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>Nagano</td> <td>226.9</td> <td>611.4</td> <td>2.7</td> <td>14.7</td> <td>229.6</td> <td>626.1</td> <td>855.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Iwate</td> <td>8.2</td> <td>5.5</td> <td>16.0</td> <td>488.4</td> <td>24.2</td> <td>493.9</td> <td>518.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shizuoka</td> <td>237.9</td> <td>129.2</td> <td>-</td> <td>138.1</td> <td>237.9</td> <td>267.3</td> <td>505.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kochi</td> <td>0.1</td> <td>0.1</td> <td>26.7</td> <td>45.8</td> <td>26.8</td> <td>45.9</td> <td>72.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shimane</td> <td>3.5</td> <td>1.7</td> <td>1.8</td> <td>42.5</td> <td>5.3</td> <td>44.2</td> <td>49.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oita</td> <td>0.1</td> <td>0.6</td> <td>38.8</td> <td>9.5</td> <td>38.9</td> <td>10.1</td> <td>49.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Others</td> <td>32.9</td> <td>59.7</td> <td>46.4</td> <td>76.3</td> <td>79.3</td> <td>136.0</td> <td>215.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total</th> <th>509.6</th> <th>808.2</th> <th>132.4</th> <th>815.3</th> <th>642.0</th> <th>1,623.5</th> <th>2,265.5 </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>2009 wasabi production in Japan (metric tonnes)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Prefecture</th> <th colspan="2">Cultivated in water</th> <th colspan="2">Cultivated in soil</th> <th colspan="3">Total </th></tr> <tr> <th>Stem</th> <th>Leafstalk</th> <th>Stem</th> <th>Leafstalk</th> <th>Stem</th> <th>Leafstalk</th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a> </th> <td>295.1</td> <td>638.2</td> <td>4.5</td> <td>232.3</td> <td>299.6</td> <td>870.5</td> <td>1,170.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a> </th> <td>316.8</td> <td>739.2</td> <td>7.2</td> <td>16.8</td> <td>324.0</td> <td>756.0</td> <td>1,080.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate</a> </th> <td>8.8</td> <td>1.5</td> <td>2.4</td> <td>620.5</td> <td>11.2</td> <td>622.0</td> <td>633.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Shimane_Prefecture" title="Shimane Prefecture">Shimane</a> </th> <td>2.4</td> <td>10.1</td> <td>9.0</td> <td>113.0</td> <td>11.4</td> <td>123.1</td> <td>134.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_Prefecture" title="Ōita Prefecture">Oita</a> </th> <td>0.5</td> <td>8.9</td> <td>–</td> <td>94.0</td> <td>0.5</td> <td>102.9</td> <td>103.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi</a> </th> <td>2.5</td> <td>2.2</td> <td>22.5</td> <td>54.2</td> <td>25.0</td> <td>56.4</td> <td>81.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Others </th> <td>65.8</td> <td>48.1</td> <td>61.7</td> <td>108.0</td> <td>127.5</td> <td>156.1</td> <td>283.6 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total</th> <th>691.9</th> <th>1,448.2</th> <th>107.3</th> <th>1,238.8</th> <th>799.2</th> <th>2,687.0</th> <th>3,486.2 </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Numerous artificial cultivation<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What kind of artificial, greenhouses? All cultivation is artificial in a way. (February 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> facilities also exist as far north as <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> and as far south as <a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>. As the demand for real wasabi is higher than that which can be produced within Japan, Japan imports copious amounts of wasabi from the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, wasabi is cultivated by a handful of small farmers and companies in the rain forests on the coast of <a href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Coast" title="Oregon Coast">Oregon Coast</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in areas of the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Mountains" title="Blue Ridge Mountains">Blue Ridge Mountains</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Europe, wasabi is grown commercially in <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern cultivars of wasabi mostly derive from three traditional cultivars, 'Fujidaruma', 'Shimane No. 3' and 'Mazuma'. Sequencing of the chloroplastic genome, which is inherited maternally in wasabi, supports this conclusion.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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href="#cite_ref-Curtis_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft.atitle=Eutrema+japonicum+Koidz.+Fl.+Symb.+Orient.-Asiat.+%3A+22+%281930%29&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2Ftaxon%2Furn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A284345-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Wasabia.html#japonica">"Wasabia japonica"</a>. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database, University of Melbourne<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"A Synopsis of Eutrema (Brassicaceae)". <i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Papers_in_Botany" title="Harvard Papers in Botany">Harvard Papers in Botany</a></i>. <b>10</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Herbaria" title="Harvard University Herbaria">Harvard University Herbaria</a>: 129–135. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3100%2F1043-4534%282005%2910%5B129%3AASOEB%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.3100/1043-4534(2005)10[129:ASOEB]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761810">41761810</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85833186">85833186</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Papers+in+Botany&rft.atitle=A+Synopsis+of+Eutrema+%28Brassicaceae%29&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=129-135&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85833186%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41761810%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3100%2F1043-4534%282005%2910%5B129%3AASOEB%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft.au=Al-Shehbaz%2C+Ihsan+A.&rft.au=Warwick%2C+Suzanne+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-growing_edge-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-growing_edge_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-growing_edge_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-growing_edge_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2005" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, Lynette (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lZD95wlLhxIC&pg=PA53">"Hydroponic Production of Wasabi & Japanese Vegetables"</a>. In Weller, Thomas; Peckenpaugh, Douglas (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lZD95wlLhxIC"><i>The Best Of Growing Edge International, 2000–2005</i></a>. New Moon Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-944557-05-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-944557-05-1"><bdi>978-0-944557-05-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hydroponic+Production+of+Wasabi+%26+Japanese+Vegetables&rft.btitle=The+Best+Of+Growing+Edge+International%2C+2000%E2%80%932005&rft.pub=New+Moon+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-944557-05-1&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Lynette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlZD95wlLhxIC%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010418182941/http://www.kinjirushi.co.jp/himitu/rekishi.html"><i>わさびの歴史</i></a> [<i>History of Wasabi</i>] (in Japanese). Kinjirushi. 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kinjirushi.co.jp/himitu/rekishi.html">the original</a> on 18 April 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E3%82%8F%E3%81%95%E3%81%B3%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2&rft.pub=Kinjirushi&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kinjirushi.co.jp%2Fhimitu%2Frekishi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frequency of "wasabi" and "sushi" in English-language sources from 1950 to 2008 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=wasabi%2Csushi&year_start=1950&year_end=2008&corpus=15&smoothing=3">wasabi vs. sushi in Google Books Ngram Viewer</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=wasabi%2Fsushi%2Cwasabi%2FJapanese+food%2Cwasabi%2FJapanese+restaurant%2Cwasabi%2Fsashimi%2Cwasabi%2Ftempura&year_start=1950&year_end=2008&corpus=15&smoothing=3">wasabi tracks sushi, not other Japanese foods</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Siebold-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Siebold_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiebold1830" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Franz_von_Siebold" title="Philipp Franz von Siebold">Siebold</a> (1830). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41198987">"Synopsis Plantarum Oeconomicarum Universi Regni Japonici"</a>. <i>Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen</i>. <b>12</b>: 1–74. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0215-1375">0215-1375</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Verhandelingen+van+het+Bataviaasch+Genootschap+van+Kunsten+en+Wetenschappen&rft.atitle=Synopsis+Plantarum+Oeconomicarum+Universi+Regni+Japonici&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=1-74&rft.date=1830&rft.issn=0215-1375&rft.au=Siebold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F41198987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaximowicz,_C.J.1873" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Maximovich" title="Karl Maximovich">Maximowicz, C.J.</a> (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3932050">"Diagnoses plantarum novarum Japoniae et Mandshuriae"</a> [Diagnoses des nouvelles plantes du Japon et de la Mandjourie]. <i>Bulletin de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St-Pétersbourg</i>. 3. <b>18</b>. cols. 275–296.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+de+l%27Acad%C3%A9mie+imp%C3%A9riale+des+sciences+de+St-P%C3%A9tersbourg&rft.atitle=Diagnoses+plantarum+novarum+Japoniae+et+Mandshuriae&rft.volume=18&rft.pages=cols.+275-296&rft.date=1873&rft.au=Maximowicz%2C+C.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F3932050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Matsumura-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Matsumura_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatsumura,_J.1899" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jinz%C5%8D_Matsumura" title="Jinzō Matsumura">Matsumura, J.</a> (1899). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41670360">"Notulae ad plantas asiaticas orientales"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bot._Mag._(Tokyo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)">Bot. Mag. (Tokyo)</a></i>. <b>13</b> (148): 71–73.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bot.+Mag.+%28Tokyo%29&rft.atitle=Notulae+ad+plantas+asiaticas+orientales&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=148&rft.pages=71-73&rft.date=1899&rft.au=Matsumura%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F41670360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatsumura,_J.1912" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Jinz%C5%8D_Matsumura" title="Jinzō Matsumura">Matsumura, J.</a> (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12322832"><i>Index plantarum Japonicarum, sive, Enumeratio plantarum omnium ex insulis Kurile, Yezo, Nippon, Sikoku, Kiusiu, Liukiu, et Formosa hucusque cognitarum systematice et alphabetice disposita adjectis synonymis selectis, nominibus Japonicis, locis natalibus</i></a>. Vol. II(2). Tokyo: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maruzen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maruzen (page does not exist)">Maruzen</a>. p. 161.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Index+plantarum+Japonicarum%2C+sive%2C+Enumeratio+plantarum+omnium+ex+insulis+Kurile%2C+Yezo%2C+Nippon%2C+Sikoku%2C+Kiusiu%2C+Liukiu%2C+et+Formosa+hucusque+cognitarum+systematice+et+alphabetice+disposita+adjectis+synonymis+selectis%2C+nominibus+Japonicis%2C+locis+natalibus&rft.place=Tokyo&rft.pages=161&rft.pub=Maruzen&rft.date=1912&rft.au=Matsumura%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F12322832&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koidzumi-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Koidzumi_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoidzumi,_G.1930" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gen-ichi_Koidzumi" title="Gen-ichi Koidzumi">Koidzumi, G.</a> (1930). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1678848"><i>Florae symbolae Orientali-Asiaticae; sive, contributions to the knowledge of the flora of Eastern Asia</i></a>. Kyoto.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Florae+symbolae+Orientali-Asiaticae%3B+sive%2C+contributions+to+the+knowledge+of+the+flora+of+Eastern+Asia&rft.place=Kyoto&rft.date=1930&rft.au=Koidzumi%2C+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdl.ndl.go.jp%2Finfo%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F1678848&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PlantToolbox-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PlantToolbox_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlantToolbox_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlantToolbox_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/eutrema-japonicum/">"<i>Eutrema japonicum</i>"</a>. <i>North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox</i>. North Carolina State University. n.d<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=North+Carolina+Extension+Gardener+Plant+Toolbox&rft.atitle=Eutrema+japonicum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplants.ces.ncsu.edu%2Fplants%2Feutrema-japonicum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wasabi – Botanical Notes" in P. N. Ravindran, <i>The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Spices</i>, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78064-315-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78064-315-1">978-1-78064-315-1</a>, p. 1048</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSultanaSavageMcNeilPorter2002" class="citation journal cs1">Sultana, Tamanna; Savage, Geoffrey P; McNeil, David L; Porter, Noel G; Martin, Richard J; Deo, Bas (October 2002). "Effects of fertilisation on the allyl isothiocyanate profile of above-ground tissues of New Zealand-grown wasabi". <i>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture</i>. <b>82</b> (13): 1477–1482. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002JSFA...82.1477S">2002JSFA...82.1477S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjsfa.1218">10.1002/jsfa.1218</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Science+of+Food+and+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Effects+of+fertilisation+on+the+allyl+isothiocyanate+profile+of+above-ground+tissues+of+New+Zealand-grown+wasabi&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=1477-1482&rft.date=2002-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fjsfa.1218&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002JSFA...82.1477S&rft.aulast=Sultana&rft.aufirst=Tamanna&rft.au=Savage%2C+Geoffrey+P&rft.au=McNeil%2C+David+L&rft.au=Porter%2C+Noel+G&rft.au=Martin%2C+Richard+J&rft.au=Deo%2C+Bas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLim2014" class="citation book cs1">Lim, Tong Kwee (2014). "Eutrema japonicum: Edible Plant Parts and Uses". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t22vBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA790"><i>Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 9, Modified Stems, Roots, Bulbs</i></a>. Springer. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t22vBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA790">790</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-017-9511-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-017-9511-1"><bdi>978-94-017-9511-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eutrema+japonicum%3A+Edible+Plant+Parts+and+Uses&rft.btitle=Edible+Medicinal+and+Non-Medicinal+Plants%3A+Volume+9%2C+Modified+Stems%2C+Roots%2C+Bulbs&rft.pages=790&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-94-017-9511-1&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Tong+Kwee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt22vBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA790&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wasabicen-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wasabicen_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wasabicen_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnaud2010" class="citation magazine cs1">Arnaud, Celia Henry (22 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cen.acs.org/articles/88/i12/Wasabi.html">"What's wasabi, and is your fiery buzz legit?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chemical_%26_Engineering_News" title="Chemical & Engineering News">Chemical & Engineering News</a></i>. Vol. 88, no. 12. <a href="/wiki/American_Chemical_Society" title="American Chemical Society">American Chemical Society</a>. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0009-2347">0009-2347</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+%26+Engineering+News&rft.atitle=What%27s+wasabi%2C+and+is+your+fiery+buzz+legit%3F&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=48&rft.date=2010-03-22&rft.issn=0009-2347&rft.aulast=Arnaud&rft.aufirst=Celia+Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcen.acs.org%2Farticles%2F88%2Fi12%2FWasabi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowry2005" class="citation book cs1">Lowry, Dave (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wIOcYVPYfkAC&q=toothpaste&pg=PT228"><i>The Connoisseur's Guide to Sushi: Everything You Need to Know about Sushi</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Common_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="The Harvard Common Press">The Harvard Common Press</a>. p. 205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55832-307-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55832-307-0"><bdi>978-1-55832-307-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Connoisseur%27s+Guide+to+Sushi%3A+Everything+You+Need+to+Know+about+Sushi&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=The+Harvard+Common+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-55832-307-0&rft.aulast=Lowry&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwIOcYVPYfkAC%26q%3Dtoothpaste%26pg%3DPT228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lovefood.com/guides/76834/what-is-wasabi-and-how-should-you-use-it">"What is wasabi and how should you use it?"</a>. <i>lovefood.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lovefood.com&rft.atitle=What+is+wasabi+and+how+should+you+use+it%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lovefood.com%2Fguides%2F76834%2Fwhat-is-wasabi-and-how-should-you-use-it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.realwasabi.com/cultivation/index.asp">"Wasabi is quite picky about its growing conditions"</a>. <i>Real Wasabi</i>. Cullowhee, NC: Real Wasabi, LLC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Real+Wasabi&rft.atitle=Wasabi+is+quite+picky+about+its+growing+conditions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.realwasabi.com%2Fcultivation%2Findex.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1990" class="citation journal cs1">Palmer, J. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YT2LT11Vg2MC&pg=PAPA161">"Germination and growth of wasabi (Wasabia japonica (Miq.) Matsumara)"</a>. <i>New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science/Experimental Agriculture</i>. <b>18</b> (2–3): 161–164. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990NZJCH..18..161P">1990NZJCH..18..161P</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01140671.1990.10428089">10.1080/01140671.1990.10428089</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wasabi%3A+Why+invest+in+%27the+hardest+plant+to+grow%27%3F&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2014-09-18&rft.aulast=Gittleson&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-29082091&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerdman2014" class="citation news cs1">Ferdman, Roberto A. (15 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/10/15/why-the-wasabi-sushi-restaurants-serve-is-almost-never-actual-wasabi/">"The wasabi sushi restaurants serve is pretty much never actual wasabi"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nXyJhXZlkasC">"Glossary"</a>. <i>The No-Salt, Lowest-Sodium International Cookbook</i>. Macmillan. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nXyJhXZlkasC&dq=%22wasabi%22&pg=PA301">301</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4668-1915-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4668-1915-3"><bdi>978-1-4668-1915-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+of+Wasabi&rft.atitle=A+Wasabi+Growers+Story+%E2%80%93+updated&rft.date=2014-08-10&rft.aulast=Gedye&rft.aufirst=Lynsey&rft.au=Mellaerts%2C+Michel+Van&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwasabi.org%2Farticles%2Fa-wasabi-growers-story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim_Gittleson2014" class="citation news cs1">Kim Gittleson (18 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-29082091">"Wasabi: Why invest in 'the hardest plant to grow'?"</a>. BBC News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Wasabi%3A+Why+invest+in+%27the+hardest+plant+to+grow%27%3F&rft.date=2014-09-18&rft.au=Kim+Gittleson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-29082091&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newcropsorganics.ces.ncsu.edu/2010/03/can-i-grow-wasabi-in-western-north-carolina/">"Can I Grow Wasabi in Western North Carolina?"</a>. <i>NC State Extension</i>. 15 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NC+State+Extension&rft.atitle=Can+I+Grow+Wasabi+in+Western+North+Carolina%3F&rft.date=2010-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewcropsorganics.ces.ncsu.edu%2F2010%2F03%2Fcan-i-grow-wasabi-in-western-north-carolina%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nordicwasabi.is/#sustainability">"Sustainably"</a>. <i>Nordic Wasabi</i>. Jurt Hydroponics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nordic+Wasabi&rft.atitle=Sustainably&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnordicwasabi.is%2F%23sustainability&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeendertz2015" class="citation news cs1">Leendertz, Lia (21 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/gardening/plants/11638355/The-UK-farm-secretly-growing-wasabi-the-worlds-most-costly-veg.html">"The UK farm secretly growing wasabi, the world's most costly veg"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+UK+farm+secretly+growing+wasabi%2C+the+world%27s+most+costly+veg&rft.date=2015-05-21&rft.aulast=Leendertz&rft.aufirst=Lia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fgardening%2Fplants%2F11638355%2FThe-UK-farm-secretly-growing-wasabi-the-worlds-most-costly-veg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpijkerman2019" class="citation news cs1">Spijkerman, Catrien (6 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trouw.nl/duurzaamheid-natuur/sander-stopte-als-it-consultant-om-wasabi-te-gaan-verbouwen-in-eigen-kas~b0285b43/">"Sander stopte als IT-consultant om wasabi te gaan verbouwen in Eigen kas"</a>. <i>trouw.nl</i>. Trouw.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=trouw.nl&rft.atitle=Sander+stopte+als+IT-consultant+om+wasabi+te+gaan+verbouwen+in+Eigen+kas&rft.date=2019-07-06&rft.aulast=Spijkerman&rft.aufirst=Catrien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trouw.nl%2Fduurzaamheid-natuur%2Fsander-stopte-als-it-consultant-om-wasabi-te-gaan-verbouwen-in-eigen-kas~b0285b43%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHagaKobayashiMichikiTakano2019" class="citation journal cs1">Haga, Natsuko; Kobayashi, Masaaki; Michiki, Nana; Takano, Tomoyuki; Baba, Fujio; Kobayashi, Keiko; Ohyanagi, Hajime; Ohgane, Jun; Yano, Kentaro; Yamane, Kyoko (7 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779752">"Complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of wasabi (Eutrema japonicum) and its relatives"</a>. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. <b>9</b> (1): 14377. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019NatSR...914377H">2019NatSR...914377H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-019-49667-z">10.1038/s41598-019-49667-z</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779752">6779752</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31591417">31591417</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Reports&rft.atitle=Complete+chloroplast+genome+sequence+and+phylogenetic+analysis+of+wasabi+%28Eutrema+japonicum%29+and+its+relatives&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=14377&rft.date=2019-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6779752%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31591417&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41598-019-49667-z&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019NatSR...914377H&rft.aulast=Haga&rft.aufirst=Natsuko&rft.au=Kobayashi%2C+Masaaki&rft.au=Michiki%2C+Nana&rft.au=Takano%2C+Tomoyuki&rft.au=Baba%2C+Fujio&rft.au=Kobayashi%2C+Keiko&rft.au=Ohyanagi%2C+Hajime&rft.au=Ohgane%2C+Jun&rft.au=Yano%2C+Kentaro&rft.au=Yamane%2C+Kyoko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6779752&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIl_Shik_ShinHideki_MasudaKinae_Naohide2004" class="citation journal cs1">Il Shik Shin; Hideki Masuda; Kinae Naohide (August 2004). "Bactericidal activity of wasabi (<i>Wasabia japonica</i>) against <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>". <i><a href="/wiki/International_Journal_of_Food_Microbiology" title="International Journal of Food Microbiology">International Journal of Food Microbiology</a></i>. <b>94</b> (3): 255–61. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0168-1605%2803%2900297-6">10.1016/S0168-1605(03)00297-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15246236">15246236</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Bactericidal+activity+of+wasabi+%28Wasabia+japonica%29+against+Helicobacter+pylori&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=255-61&rft.date=2004-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0168-1605%2803%2900297-6&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15246236&rft.au=Il+Shik+Shin&rft.au=Hideki+Masuda&rft.au=Kinae+Naohide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilesChadwick2008" class="citation cs1">Miles, Carol; Chadwick, Catherine (1 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.wsu.edu/ItemDetail.aspx?ProductID=15004&SeriesCode=&CategoryID=&Keyword=wasabi"><i>Growing Wasabi in the Pacific Northwest</i></a>. Washington State University Extension. PNW605.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Growing+Wasabi+in+the+Pacific+Northwest&rft.pub=Washington+State+University+Extension&rft.date=2008-05-01&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+Catherine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.wsu.edu%2FItemDetail.aspx%3FProductID%3D15004%26SeriesCode%3D%26CategoryID%3D%26Keyword%3Dwasabi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._DepreeM._HowardP._Savage1998" class="citation journal cs1">A. Depree, J.; M. Howard, T.; P. Savage, G. (June 1998). "Flavour and pharmaceutical properties of the volatile sulphur compounds of Wasabi (Wasabia japonica)". <i>Food Research International</i>. <b>31</b> (5): 329–337. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0963-9969%2898%2900105-7">10.1016/S0963-9969(98)00105-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Research+International&rft.atitle=Flavour+and+pharmaceutical+properties+of+the+volatile+sulphur+compounds+of+Wasabi+%28Wasabia+japonica%29&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=329-337&rft.date=1998-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0963-9969%2898%2900105-7&rft.aulast=A.+Depree&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=M.+Howard%2C+T.&rft.au=P.+Savage%2C+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasabi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wasabia_japonica" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Wasabia japonica">Wasabia japonica</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eutrema_japonicum" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Eutrema japonicum">Eutrema japonicum</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook">Cookbook</a> has a recipe/module on <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 1.6em;"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Wasabi" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Wasabi"> Wasabi</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas1993" class="citation conference cs1">Douglas, James A. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcrops0000nati/page/">"New Crop Development in New Zealand"</a>. In Janick, Jules; Simon, James E. (eds.). <i>New crops</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/CropInfoSources/NewCropsBook1993_info.html">Second National Symposium, New Crops: Exploration, Research, and Commercialization</a>. Purdue University, Center for New Crops & Plant Products. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newcrops0000nati/page/">Wasabi</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-59374-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-59374-5"><bdi>0-471-59374-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/468737540">468737540</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=New+Crop+Development+in+New+Zealand&rft.btitle=New+crops&rft.pages=Wasabi&rft.pub=Purdue+University%2C+Center+for+New+Crops+%26+Plant+Products&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F468737540&rft.isbn=0-471-59374-5&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewcrops0000nati%2Fpage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gernot-katzers-spice-pages.com/engl/Wasa_jap.html">"Wasabi (Wasabia japonica (Miq.) Matsum.)"</a>. <i>Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages</i>. 11 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gernot+Katzer%27s+Spice+Pages&rft.atitle=Wasabi+%28Wasabia+japonica+%28Miq.%29+Matsum.%29&rft.date=2007-02-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgernot-katzers-spice-pages.com%2Fengl%2FWasa_jap.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahi.com/special/tsukiji/en/wasabi/">"Wasabi: Japanese flavor—Part 1: Seeking 'Japan's No.1'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Asahi Shimbun</i>. 29 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Asahi+Shimbun&rft.atitle=Wasabi%3A+Japanese+flavor%E2%80%94Part+1%3A+Seeking+%27Japan%27s+No.1%27&rft.date=2016-12-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Fspecial%2Ftsukiji%2Fen%2Fwasabi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahi.com/special/tsukiji/en/wasabi/kako/">"Wasabi: Japanese flavor—Part 2: Exceed Real Ones"</a>. <i>The Asahi Shimbun</i>. 9 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Asahi+Shimbun&rft.atitle=Wasabi%3A+Japanese+flavor%E2%80%94Part+2%3A+Exceed+Real+Ones&rft.date=2017-08-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Fspecial%2Ftsukiji%2Fen%2Fwasabi%2Fkako%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWasabi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gardeningnorm.com/how-to-grow-wasabi-step-by-step-guide/">"How to grow wasabi: step-by-step guide"</a>. <i>Gardeningnorm</i>. 1 August 2022.</cite><span 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aria-labelledby="Japanese_food_and_drink" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_food_and_drink" title="Template:Japanese food and drink"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_food_and_drink" title="Template talk:Japanese food and drink"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_food_and_drink" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese food and drink"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Japanese_food_and_drink" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japanese food and drink</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shushoku</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_rice" title="Japanese rice">Rice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chahan_(dish)" title="Chahan (dish)">Chahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_curry" title="Japanese curry">Curry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katsu_curry" title="Katsu curry">Katsu curry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutinous_rice" title="Glutinous rice">Glutinous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germinated_brown_rice" title="Germinated brown rice">Hatsuga genmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congee" title="Congee">Kayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donburi" title="Donburi">Donmono</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABkadon" title="Chūkadon">Chūkadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%ABdon" title="Gyūdon">Gyūdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsudon" title="Katsudon">Katsudon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyakodon" title="Oyakodon">Oyakodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekkadon" title="Tekkadon">Tekkadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenshindon" title="Tenshindon">Tenshindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unadon" title="Unadon">Unadon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayashi_rice" title="Hayashi rice">Hayashi rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichij%C5%AB-sansai" title="Ichijū-sansai">Ichijū-sansai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okowa" title="Okowa">Okowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onigiri" title="Onigiri">Onigiri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenmusu" title="Tenmusu">Tenmusu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omurice" title="Omurice">Omurice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">Sushi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sushi" title="History of sushi">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_sushi" title="Sustainable sushi">Sustainable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_rice" title="Red bean rice">Sekihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takikomi_gohan" title="Takikomi gohan">Takikomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zosui" title="Zosui">Zosui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_noodles" title="Japanese noodles">Noodles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellophane_noodles#Japan" title="Cellophane noodles">Harusame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiyamugi" title="Hiyamugi">Hiyamugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiyashi_ch%C5%ABka" title="Hiyashi chūka">Hiyashi chūka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramen" title="Ramen">Ramen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champon" title="Champon">Champon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_ramen" title="Kagoshima ramen">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muroran_curry_ramen" title="Muroran curry ramen">Muroran curry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandan_noodles#Related_dishes" title="Dandan noodles">Tantan-men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkotsu_ramen" title="Tonkotsu ramen">Tonkotsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukemen" title="Tsukemen">Tsukemen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirataki_noodles" title="Shirataki noodles">Shirataki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soba" title="Soba">Soba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_soba" title="Okinawa soba">Okinawa soba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soki" title="Soki">Soki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dmen" title="Sōmen">Sōmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dmen_salad" title="Sōmen salad">Salad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udon" title="Udon">Udon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaki_udon" title="Yaki udon">Yakiudon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakisoba" title="Yakisoba">Yakisoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Hōtō">Hōtō</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konamono</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monjayaki" title="Monjayaki">Monjayaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okonomiyaki" title="Okonomiyaki">Okonomiyaki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirayachi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirayachi">Hirayachi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takoyaki" title="Takoyaki">Takoyaki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bread</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anpan" title="Anpan">Anpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_bread" title="Curry bread">Curry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melonpan" title="Melonpan">Melonpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_milk_bread" title="Japanese milk bread">Milk bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_roux" class="mw-redirect" title="Water roux">Yudane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Okazu" title="Okazu">Okazu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agedashi_d%C5%8Dfu" title="Agedashi dōfu">Agedashi dōfu</a></li> <li>Agemono <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furai" title="Furai">Furai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaage" title="Karaage">Karaage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korokke" title="Korokke">Korokke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushikatsu" title="Kushikatsu">Kushikatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuma-age" title="Satsuma-age">Satsuma-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempura" title="Tempura">Tempura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chawanmushi" title="Chawanmushi">Chawanmushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gari_(ginger)" title="Gari (ginger)">Gari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozi#Gyōza" title="Jiaozi">Gyōza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakuni" title="Kakuni">Kakuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabemono" title="Nabemono">Nabemono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasu_(Food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Namasu (Food)">Namasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natt%C5%8D" title="Nattō">Nattō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikujaga" title="Nikujaga">Nikujaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oden" title="Oden">Oden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsen_tamago" title="Onsen tamago">Onsen tamago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashimi" title="Sashimi">Sashimi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fugu" title="Fugu">Fugusashi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabu-shabu" title="Shabu-shabu">Shabu-shabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiokara" title="Shiokara">Shiokara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukiyaki" title="Sukiyaki">Sukiyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamagoyaki" title="Tamagoyaki">Tamagoyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokoroten" title="Tokoroten">Tokoroten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkatsu" title="Tonkatsu">Tonkatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tororo_(food)" title="Tororo (food)">Tororo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukemono" title="Tsukemono">Tsukemono</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nukazuke" title="Nukazuke">Nukazuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takuan" title="Takuan">Takuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukudani" title="Tsukudani">Tsukudani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukune" title="Tsukune">Tsukune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakiniku" title="Yakiniku">Yakiniku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakitori" title="Yakitori">Yakitori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soup<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_soups_and_stews" title="List of Japanese soups and stews">Shirumono</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butajiru" title="Butajiru">Butajiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenchin-jiru" title="Kenchin-jiru">Kenchin-jiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miso_soup" title="Miso soup">Miso soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suimono" class="mw-redirect" title="Suimono">Suimono</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E3%81%84%E7%89%A9" class="extiw" title="ja:吸い物">ja</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Set menu</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bento" title="Bento">Bento</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekiben" title="Ekiben">Ekiben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyaraben" title="Kyaraben">Kyaraben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makunouchi" title="Makunouchi">Makunouchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wappameshi" title="Wappameshi">Wappameshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honzen-ry%C5%8Dri" title="Honzen-ryōri">Honzen-ryōri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABbako" title="Jūbako">Jūbako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osechi" title="Osechi">Osechi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alcoholic beverage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sake" title="Sake">Sake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazake" title="Amazake">Amazake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigori" title="Nigori">Nigori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toso" title="Toso">Toso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dch%C5%AB" title="Shōchū">Shōchū</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awamori" title="Awamori">Awamori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habushu" title="Habushu">Habushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umeshu" title="Umeshu">Umeshu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_tea#Japan" title="Green tea">Green tea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_tea_in_Japan" title="History of tea in Japan">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bancha" title="Bancha">Bancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyokuro" title="Gyokuro">Gyokuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Djicha" title="Hōjicha">Hōjicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuse_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabuse tea">Kabuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukicha" title="Kukicha">Kukicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matcha" title="Matcha">Matcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sencha" title="Sencha">Sencha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uji_tea" title="Uji tea">Uji</a></li></ul></li> <li>Herbal tea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genmaicha" title="Genmaicha">Genmaicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckwheat_tea" title="Buckwheat tea">Sobacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelp_tea" title="Kelp tea">Kombu-cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barley_tea" title="Barley tea">Mugicha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soft drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramune" title="Ramune">Ramune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquarius_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquarius (beverage)">Aquarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.C._Lemon" title="C.C. Lemon">C.C. Lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calpis" title="Calpis">Calpis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canned_coffee" title="Canned coffee">Canned coffee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boss_Coffee" title="Boss Coffee">Boss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(coffee)" title="Georgia (coffee)">Georgia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipovitan" title="Lipovitan">Lipovitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oronamin_C" title="Oronamin C">Oronamin C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocari_Sweat" title="Pocari Sweat">Pocari Sweat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakult" title="Yakult">Yakult</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Snacks /<br />desserts/<br /> <a href="/wiki/Wagashi" title="Wagashi">Wagashi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanatt%C5%8D" title="Amanattō">Amanattō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botan_Rice_Candy" title="Botan Rice Candy">Botan Rice Candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daifuku" title="Daifuku">Daifuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dango" title="Dango">Dango</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chichi_dango" title="Chichi dango">Chichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kibi_dango_(millet_dumpling)" title="Kibi dango (millet dumpling)">Kibi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorayaki" title="Dorayaki">Dorayaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karukan" title="Karukan">Karukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konpeit%C5%8D" title="Konpeitō">Konpeitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manj%C5%AB" title="Manjū">Manjū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochi" title="Mochi">Mochi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agemochi" title="Agemochi">Agemochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goheimochi" title="Goheimochi">Goheimochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankoro_Mochi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kankoro Mochi">Kankoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzumochi" title="Kuzumochi">Kuzumochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunda-mochi" title="Zunda-mochi">Zunda-mochi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senbei" title="Senbei">Senbei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arare_(food)" title="Arare (food)">Arare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiruko" title="Shiruko">Shiruko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiyaki" title="Taiyaki">Taiyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uir%C5%8D" title="Uirō">Uirō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warabimochi" title="Warabimochi">Warabimochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dkan" title="Yōkan">Yōkan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Square_watermelon" title="Square watermelon">Square watermelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubari_King" title="Yubari King">Yubari King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Roman" title="Ruby Roman">Ruby Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shine_Muscat" title="Shine Muscat">Shine Muscat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients /<br />condiments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_paste" title="Red bean paste">Anko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_laver" title="Green laver">Aonori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_shoot" title="Bamboo shoot">Bamboo shoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beni_sh%C5%8Dga" title="Beni shōga">Beni shōga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctium" title="Arctium">Burdock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daikon" title="Daikon">Daikon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakurajima_radish" title="Sakurajima radish">Sakurajima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashi" title="Dashi">Dashi</a></li> <li>Fish <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamaboko" title="Kamaboko">Kamaboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollock_roe" title="Pollock roe">Mentaiko / tarako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi">Surimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobiko" title="Tobiko">Tobiko</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijiki" title="Hijiki">Hijiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanzuri" title="Kanzuri">Kanzuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karashi" title="Karashi">Karashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsuobushi" title="Katsuobushi">Katsuobushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombu" title="Kombu">Kombu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konjac" class="mw-redirect" title="Konjac">Konnyaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuromitsu" title="Kuromitsu">Kuromitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudzu_powder" title="Kudzu powder">Kuzuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayonnaise#Japan" title="Mayonnaise">Mayonnaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menma" title="Menma">Menma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirin" title="Mirin">Mirin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miso" title="Miso">Miso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monosodium_glutamate" title="Monosodium glutamate">MSG</a></li> <li>Mushrooms <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flammulina_filiformis" title="Flammulina filiformis">Enokitake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsutake" title="Matsutake">Matsutake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiitake" title="Shiitake">Shiitake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myoga" title="Myoga">Myoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nori" title="Nori">Nori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sake_kasu" title="Sake kasu">Sake kasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_crumbs#Panko" class="mw-redirect" title="Bread crumbs">Panko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanthoxylum_piperitum#Japanese_cuisine" title="Zanthoxylum piperitum">Sansyō</a></li> <li>Sauce <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ponzu" title="Ponzu">Ponzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_sauce" title="Soy sauce">Soy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tare_sauce" title="Tare sauce">Tare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkatsu_sauce" title="Tonkatsu sauce">Tonkatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_sauce#Japan" title="Worcestershire sauce">Worcestershire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame_oil" title="Sesame oil">Sesame oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shichimi" title="Shichimi">Shichimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiso" title="Shiso">Shiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenkasu" title="Tenkasu">Tenkasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">Tofu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umeboshi" title="Umeboshi">Umeboshi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wasabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu" title="Yuzu">Yuzu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu_kosh%C5%8D" title="Yuzu koshō">Yuzu koshō</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_cooking_utensils" title="List of Japanese cooking utensils">Utensils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rice_cooker" title="Rice cooker">Rice cooker</a></li> <li>Knives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deba_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Deba bōchō">Deba bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef%27s_knife" title="Chef's knife">Gyuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_kitchen_knife" title="Japanese kitchen knife">Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguro_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Maguro bōchō">Maguro bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakiri_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Nakiri bōchō">Nakiri bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santoku" title="Santoku">Santoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashimi_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Sashimi bōchō">Sashimi bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usuba_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Usuba bōchō">Usuba bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanagi_ba" title="Yanagi ba">Yanagi ba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamoji" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamoji">Shamoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suribachi" title="Suribachi">Suribachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaru" title="Zaru">Zaru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_condiments" title="List of Japanese condiments">Condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_desserts_and_sweets" title="List of Japanese desserts and sweets">Desserts and sweets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_dishes" title="List of Japanese dishes">Dishes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ramen_dishes" title="List of ramen dishes">Ramen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_soups_and_stews" title="List of Japanese soups and stews">Soups and stews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_snacks" title="List of Japanese snacks">Snacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sushi_and_sashimi_ingredients" title="List of sushi and sashimi ingredients">Sushi and sashimi ingredients</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinmi" title="Chinmi">Chinmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omakase" title="Omakase">Omakase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teppanyaki" title="Teppanyaki">Teppanyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusanhin" title="Tokusanhin">Tokusanhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teriyaki" title="Teriyaki">Teriyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umami" title="Umami">Umami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customs_and_etiquette_in_Japanese_dining" title="Customs and etiquette in Japanese dining">Customs and etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_cuisine" title="Okinawan cuisine">Okinawan cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_cuisine" title="Category:Japanese cuisine">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Culinary_herbs_and_spices" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culinary_herbs_and_spices" title="Template:Culinary herbs and spices"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culinary_herbs_and_spices" title="Template talk:Culinary herbs and spices"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culinary_herbs_and_spices" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culinary herbs and spices"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Culinary_herbs_and_spices" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culinary herbs and spices</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Herb" title="Herb">Herbs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Angelica_archangelica" title="Angelica archangelica">Angelica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil" title="Basil">Basil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorum" title="Ocimum tenuiflorum">Holy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_basil" title="Thai basil">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_basil" title="Lemon basil">Lemon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_leaf" title="Bay leaf">Bay leaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_tamala" title="Cinnamomum tamala">Indian bay leaf (<i>tejpat</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boldo" title="Boldo">Boldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borage" title="Borage">Borage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chervil" title="Chervil">Chervil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chives" title="Chives">Chives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allium_tuberosum" title="Allium tuberosum">garlic / Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicely" title="Cicely">Cicely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Coriander leaf / Cilantro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porophyllum_ruderale" title="Porophyllum ruderale">Bolivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persicaria_odorata" title="Persicaria odorata">Vietnamese (<i>rau răm</i>)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eryngium_foetidum" title="Eryngium foetidum">Culantro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_cress" title="Garden cress">Cress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_tree" title="Curry tree">Curry leaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysphania_ambrosioides" title="Dysphania ambrosioides">Epazote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_auritum" title="Piper auritum">Hoja santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houttuynia_cordata" title="Houttuynia cordata"><i>Houttuynia cordata</i> (<i>giấp cá</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyssopus_officinalis" title="Hyssopus officinalis">Hyssop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimbu" title="Jimbu">Jimbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsholtzia_ciliata" title="Elsholtzia ciliata">Kinh gioi (Vietnamese balm)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perilla_frutescens" title="Perilla frutescens">Kkaennip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavandula_angustifolia" title="Lavandula angustifolia">Lavender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_balm" title="Lemon balm">Lemon balm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymbopogon" title="Cymbopogon">Lemon grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backhousia_citriodora" title="Backhousia citriodora">Lemon myrtle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloysia_citrodora" title="Aloysia citrodora">Lemon verbena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnophila_aromatica" title="Limnophila aromatica"><i>Limnophila aromatica</i> (rice-paddy herb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovage" title="Lovage">Lovage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjoram" title="Marjoram">Marjoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentha" title="Mentha">Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugwort" title="Mugwort">Mugwort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptotaenia_japonica" title="Cryptotaenia japonica">Mitsuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">Parsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perilla" title="Perilla">Perilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary" title="Rosemary">Rosemary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruta_graveolens" title="Ruta graveolens">Rue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvia_officinalis" title="Salvia officinalis">Sage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satureja" title="Satureja">Savory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanthoxylum_piperitum" title="Zanthoxylum piperitum">Sanshō leaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiso" title="Shiso">Shiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorrel" title="Sorrel">Sorrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarragon" title="Tarragon">Tarragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galium_odoratum" title="Galium odoratum">Woodruff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spice" title="Spice">Spices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_laver" title="Green laver">Aonori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajwain" title="Ajwain">Ajwain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_pepper" title="Alligator pepper">Alligator pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allspice" title="Allspice">Allspice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amchoor" title="Amchoor">Amchoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anise" title="Anise">Anise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illicium_verum" title="Illicium verum">star</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asafoetida" title="Asafoetida">Asafoetida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">Peppercorn (black/green/white)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schinus_terebinthifolia" title="Schinus terebinthifolia">Brazilian pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_camphora" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinnamomum camphora">Camphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caraway" title="Caraway">Caraway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">Cardamom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_cardamom" title="Black cardamom">black</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_cassia" title="Cinnamomum cassia">Cassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celery_powder" title="Celery powder">Celery powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">Celery seed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchanania_cochinchinensis" title="Buchanania cochinchinensis">Charoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenpi" title="Chenpi">Chenpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">Chili</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chili_powder" title="Chili powder">Chili powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Cayenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipotle" title="Chipotle">Chipotle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crushed_red_pepper" title="Crushed red pepper">Crushed red pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">Jalapeño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasco_pepper" title="Tabasco pepper">Tabasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Capsicum_cultivars" title="List of Capsicum cultivars">Cultivars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">Cinnamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">Clove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriander" title="Coriander">Coriander seed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_cubeba" title="Piper cubeba">Cubeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">Cumin</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nigella_sativa" title="Nigella sativa">Nigella sativa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bunium_persicum" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunium persicum">Bunium persicum</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perilla_frutescens" title="Perilla frutescens">Deulkkae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dill" title="Dill">Dill / Dill seed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fennel" title="Fennel">Fennel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenugreek" title="Fenugreek">Fenugreek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trigonella_caerulea" title="Trigonella caerulea">blue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boesenbergia_rotunda" title="Boesenbergia rotunda">Fingerroot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galangal" title="Galangal">Galangal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpinia_galanga" title="Alpinia galanga">greater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpinia_officinarum" title="Alpinia officinarum">lesser</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">Garlic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">Ginger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaempferia_galanga" title="Kaempferia galanga">Aromatic ginger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heracleum_persicum" title="Heracleum persicum">Golpar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grains_of_paradise" title="Grains of paradise">Grains of paradise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grains_of_Selim" title="Grains of Selim">Grains of Selim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">Horseradish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanthoxylum_piperitum" title="Zanthoxylum piperitum">Japanese pricklyash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juniper_berry" title="Juniper berry">Juniper berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garcinia_indica" title="Garcinia indica">Kokum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aframomum_corrorima" title="Aframomum corrorima">Korarima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_lime" title="Dried lime">Dried lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquorice" title="Liquorice">Liquorice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litsea_cubeba" title="Litsea cubeba">Litsea cubeba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_pepper" title="Long pepper">Long pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curcuma_amada" title="Curcuma amada">Mango-ginger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastic_(plant_resin)" title="Mastic (plant resin)">Mastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahleb" title="Mahleb">Mahleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustard_plant" title="Mustard plant">Mustard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhamphospermum_nigrum" title="Rhamphospermum nigrum">black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brassica_juncea" title="Brassica juncea">brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_mustard" title="White mustard">white</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigella_sativa" title="Nigella sativa">Nigella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricinodendron" title="Ricinodendron">Njangsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">Nutmeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onion_powder" title="Onion powder">Onion powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schinus_molle" title="Schinus molle">Peruvian pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate seed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed" title="Poppy seed">Poppy seed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psammogeton_involucratus" title="Psammogeton involucratus">Radhuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_%C3%97_damascena" title="Rosa × damascena">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">Saffron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smilax_ornata" title="Smilax ornata">Sarsaparilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassafras" title="Sassafras">Sassafras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">Sesame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiso" title="Shiso">Shiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan pepper (<i>huājiāo</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumac" title="Sumac">Sumac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamarind" title="Tamarind">Tamarind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmannia_lanceolata" title="Tasmannia lanceolata">Tasmanian pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipteryx_odorata" title="Dipteryx odorata">Tonka bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">Turmeric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzazi" title="Uzazi">Uzazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanilla" title="Vanilla">Vanilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_borbonense" title="Piper borbonense">Voatsiperifery</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wasabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu" title="Yuzu">Yuzu zest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curcuma_zedoaria" title="Curcuma zedoaria">Zedoary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berberis_vulgaris" title="Berberis vulgaris">Zereshk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">Zest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spice_mix" title="Spice mix">Blends</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajika" title="Ajika">Adjika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advieh" title="Advieh">Advieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baharat" title="Baharat">Baharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beau_Monde_seasoning" title="Beau Monde seasoning">Beau monde seasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berbere" title="Berbere">Berbere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouquet_garni" title="Bouquet garni">Bouquet garni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buknu" title="Buknu">Buknu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaat_masala" title="Chaat masala">Chaat masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempering_(spices)" title="Tempering (spices)">Chaunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon_sugar" title="Cinnamon sugar">Cinnamon sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_boil" title="Crab boil">Crab boil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_powder" title="Curry powder">Curry powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubanjiang" title="Doubanjiang">Doubanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douchi" title="Douchi">Douchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duqqa" title="Duqqa">Duqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fines_herbes" title="Fines herbes">Fines herbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five-spice_powder" title="Five-spice powder">Five-spice powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garam_masala" title="Garam masala">Garam masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic_powder" title="Garlic powder">Garlic powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic_salt" title="Garlic salt">Garlic salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gochujang" title="Gochujang">Gochujang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harissa" title="Harissa">Harissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaij" title="Hawaij">Hawaij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbes_de_Provence" title="Herbes de Provence">Herbes de Provence</a></li> <li><span title="Vietnamese-language text"><i lang="vi"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BAng_l%C3%ACu" title="Húng lìu">Húng lìu</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idli_podi" title="Idli podi">Idli podi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_seasoning" title="Italian seasoning">Italian seasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerk_(cooking)" title="Jerk (cooking)">Jamaican jerk spice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmeli_suneli" title="Khmeli suneli">Khmeli suneli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_pepper" title="Lemon pepper">Lemon pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitmita" title="Mitmita">Mitmita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_spice" title="Mixed spice">Mixed spice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_steak_seasoning" title="Montreal steak seasoning">Montreal steak seasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulling_spices" title="Mulling spices">Mulling spices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bay_Seasoning" title="Old Bay Seasoning">Old Bay Seasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panch_phoron" title="Panch phoron">Panch phoron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persillade" title="Persillade">Persillade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powder-douce" title="Powder-douce">Powder-douce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_pie_spice" title="Pumpkin pie spice">Pumpkin pie spice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q%C3%A2lat_daqqa" title="Qâlat daqqa">Qâlat daqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quatre_%C3%A9pices" title="Quatre épices">Quatre épices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_el_hanout" title="Ras el hanout">Ras el hanout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recado_rojo" title="Recado rojo">Recado rojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharena_sol" title="Sharena sol">Sharena sol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shichimi" title="Shichimi">Shichimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabil" title="Tabil">Tabil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taj%C3%ADn_seasoning" title="Tajín seasoning">Tajin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoori_masala" title="Tandoori masala">Tandoori masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thuna_paha" title="Thuna paha">Thuna paha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadouvan" title="Vadouvan">Vadouvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu_kosh%C5%8D" title="Yuzu koshō">Yuzu koshō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Za%27atar" title="Za'atar">Za'atar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_culinary_herbs_and_spices" title="List of culinary herbs and spices">Culinary</a></li> <li>By region <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_herbs_and_spices" title="List of Australian herbs and spices">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladeshi_spices" title="List of Bangladeshi spices">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_spices" title="List of Indian spices">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pakistani_spices" title="List of Pakistani spices">Pakistani</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_herbology" title="Chinese herbology">Chinese herbology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbal_tea" title="Herbal tea">Herbal tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marination" title="Marination">Marination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seasoning" title="Seasoning">Seasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_rub" title="Spice rub">Spice rub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sushi" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sushi" title="Template:Sushi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sushi" title="Template talk:Sushi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sushi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sushi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sushi" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">Sushi</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sushi" title="History of sushi">History of sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sushi_and_sashimi_ingredients" title="List of sushi and sashimi ingredients">List of sushi and sashimi ingredients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sushi_restaurants" title="List of sushi restaurants">List of sushi restaurants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_sushi" title="Sustainable sushi">Sustainable sushi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Japanese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toro_(sushi)" title="Toro (sushi)">Toro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gari_(ginger)" title="Gari (ginger)">Gari (ginger)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanaya_Yohei" title="Hanaya Yohei">Hanaya Yohei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangiri" title="Hangiri">Hangiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norimaki" title="Norimaki">Norimaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odori_ebi" title="Odori ebi">Odori ebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omakase" title="Omakase">Omakase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tare_sauce" title="Tare sauce">Tare sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobiko" title="Tobiko">Tobiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu_skin" title="Tofu skin">Tofu skin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wasabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt_sushi" title="Conveyor belt sushi">Conveyor belt sushi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B.C._roll" title="B.C. roll">B.C. roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_roll" title="California roll">California roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9couverte_du_Sushi" title="Découverte du Sushi">Découverte du Sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamite_roll" title="Dynamite roll">Dynamite roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_roll" title="Philadelphia roll">Philadelphia roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_roll" title="Rainbow roll">Rainbow roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_roll" title="Seattle roll">Seattle roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_roll" title="Spider roll">Spider roll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fusion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinaloan_sushi" title="Sinaloan sushi">Sinaloan sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_burrito" title="Sushi burrito">Sushi burrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_pizza" title="Sushi pizza">Sushi pizza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sushi" title="Category:Sushi">Category: Sushi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Condiments" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Condiments" title="Template:Condiments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Condiments" title="Template talk:Condiments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Condiments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Condiments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Condiments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Condiment" title="Condiment">Condiments</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_condiments" title="List of condiments">List of condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dip_(food)#List_of_common_dips" class="mw-redirect" title="Dip (food)">List of common dips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_syrups" title="List of syrups">List of syrups</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sauces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agre_dulce" class="mw-redirect" title="Agre dulce">Agre dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrodolce" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrodolce">Agrodolce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aioli" title="Aioli">Aioli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue_sauce" title="Barbecue sauce">Barbecue sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigarade_sauce" title="Bigarade sauce">Bigarade sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_sauce" title="Brown sauce">Brown sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_sauce" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffalo sauce">Buffalo sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese_sauce" title="Cheese sauce">Cheese sauce</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_sauce" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfredo sauce">Alfredo sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caruso_sauce" title="Caruso sauce">Caruso sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheddar_sauce" title="Cheddar sauce">Cheddar sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheez_Whiz" title="Cheez Whiz">Cheez Whiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fondue" title="Fondue">Fondue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mornay_sauce" title="Mornay sauce">Mornay sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacho_cheese" class="mw-redirect" title="Nacho cheese">Nacho cheese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_sauce_and_paste" title="Chili sauce and paste">Chili sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimichurri" title="Chimichurri">Chimichurri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_sauce" title="Cocktail sauce">Cocktail sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colo-colo_(condiment)" title="Colo-colo (condiment)">Colo-colo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crema_(dairy_product)" title="Crema (dairy product)">Crema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caruru_(food)" title="Caruru (food)">Caruru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabu-dabu" title="Dabu-dabu">Dabu-dabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_sauce" title="Fish sauce">Fish sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritessaus" title="Fritessaus">Fritessaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fry_sauce" title="Fry sauce">Fry sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garum" title="Garum">Garum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastrique" title="Gastrique">Gastrique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravy" title="Gravy">Gravy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_sauce" title="Hot sauce">Hot sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latik" title="Latik">Latik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaymak" title="Kaymak">Kaymak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrenovina_sauce" title="Khrenovina sauce">Khrenovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechon_sauce" class="mw-redirect" title="Lechon sauce">Lechon sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Rose_sauce" title="Marie Rose sauce">Marie Rose sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayonnaise" title="Mayonnaise">Mayonnaise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kewpie_(mayonnaise)" title="Kewpie (mayonnaise)">Kewpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kielecki_Mayonnaise" title="Kielecki Mayonnaise">Kielecki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_Whip" title="Miracle Whip">Miracle Whip</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mignonette_sauce" title="Mignonette sauce">Mignonette sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mild_sauce" title="Mild sauce">Mild sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_gland_sauce" title="Monkey gland sauce">Monkey gland sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbo_sauce" title="Mumbo sauce">Mumbo sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_sauce" title="Oyster sauce">Oyster sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanut_sauce" title="Peanut sauce">Peanut sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pear%C3%A0" title="Pearà">Pearà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesto" title="Pesto">Pesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistou" title="Pistou">Pistou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remoulade" title="Remoulade">Remoulade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_golf" title="Salsa golf">Salsa golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_verde" title="Salsa verde">Salsa verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsivi" title="Satsivi">Satsivi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak_sauce" title="Steak sauce">Steak sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartar_sauce" title="Tartar sauce">Tartar sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatbila" title="Tatbila">Tatbila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teriyaki" title="Teriyaki">Teriyaki sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiparos" title="Tiparos">Tiparos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tkemali" title="Tkemali">Tkemali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato_sauce" title="Tomato sauce">Tomato sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincotto" title="Vincotto">Vincotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XO_sauce" title="XO sauce">XO sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%80_la_zingara" title="À la zingara">Zingara sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Condiments"><img alt="Condiments" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg/128px-Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg/192px-Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg/256px-Different_ketchup_in_a_plate_122425.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dipping_sauce" title="Dipping sauce">Dips</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajika" title="Ajika">Ajika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_ghanoush" title="Baba ghanoush">Baba ghanoush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile_con_queso" title="Chile con queso">Chile con queso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duck_sauce" title="Duck sauce">Duck sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duqqa" title="Duqqa">Duqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garlic_chive_flower_sauce" title="Garlic chive flower sauce">Garlic chive flower sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guacamole" title="Guacamole">Guacamole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogao" title="Hogao">Hogao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey_dill" title="Honey dill">Honey dill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummus" title="Hummus">Hummus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammara" title="Muhammara">Muhammara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nam_chim" title="Nam chim">Nam chim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nam_phrik" title="Nam phrik">Nam phrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_ch%E1%BA%A5m" title="Nước chấm">Nước chấm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyronnes" title="Skyronnes">Skyronnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_chili_sauce" title="Sweet chili sauce">Sweet chili sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toum" title="Toum">Toum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzatziki" title="Tzatziki">Tzatziki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhug" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhug">Zhug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pickles and <br />preserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amba_(condiment)" title="Amba (condiment)">Amba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atchara" title="Atchara">Atchara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheong_(food)" title="Cheong (food)">Cheong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chutney" title="Chutney">Chutney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_mango_chutney" title="Green mango chutney">Green mango chutney</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtido" title="Curtido">Curtido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encurtido" title="Encurtido">Encurtido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_preserves" title="Fruit preserves">Fruit preserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gari_(ginger)" title="Gari (ginger)">Gari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">Horseradish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljutenica" class="mw-redirect" title="Ljutenica">Ljutenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_jelly" title="Pepper jelly">Pepper jelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccalilli" title="Piccalilli">Piccalilli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickled_cucumber" title="Pickled cucumber">Pickled cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickled_fruit" title="Pickled fruit">Pickled fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relish" title="Relish">Relish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago-style_relish" title="Chicago-style relish">Chicago-style relish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauerkraut" title="Sauerkraut">Sauerkraut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimchi" title="Kimchi">Kimchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumbala" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumbala">Sumbala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taba_ng_talangka" title="Taba ng talangka">Taba ng talangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomato_jam" title="Tomato jam">Tomato jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watermelon_rind_preserves" title="Watermelon rind preserves">Watermelon rind preserves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spreads and pastes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajvar" title="Ajvar">Ajvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchovy_paste" title="Anchovy paste">Anchovy paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagoong" title="Bagoong">Bagoong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%A7a" title="Salça">Biber salçası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beurre_Ma%C3%AEtre_d%27H%C3%B4tel" title="Beurre Maître d'Hôtel">Beurre Maître d'Hôtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_paste" class="mw-redirect" title="Chili paste">Chili paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrain" title="Chrain">Chrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_jam" title="Coconut jam">Coconut jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gochujang" title="Gochujang">Gochujang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liver_spread" title="Liver spread">Liver spread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyopolou" title="Kyopolou">Kyopolou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maafe" class="mw-redirect" title="Maafe">Maafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malidzano" title="Malidzano">Malidzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_extract" title="Meat extract">Meat extract</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bovril" title="Bovril">Bovril</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murri_(condiment)" title="Murri (condiment)">Murri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_butter" title="Nut butter">Nut butter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palapa_(condiment)" title="Palapa (condiment)">Palapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindjur" title="Pindjur">Pindjur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roe" title="Roe">Roe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caviar" title="Caviar">Caviar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahawiq" title="Sahawiq">Sahawiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapai" title="Tapai">Tapai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#As_condiment">Wasabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_extract" title="Yeast extract">Yeast extract</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marmite" title="Marmite">Marmite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegemite" title="Vegemite">Vegemite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacusc%C4%83" title="Zacuscă">Zacuscă</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oils and liquids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chili_oil" title="Chili oil">Chili oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halford_Leicestershire_Table_Sauce" title="Halford Leicestershire Table Sauce">Halford Leicestershire Table Sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustard_oil" title="Mustard oil">Mustard oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">Olive oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patis_(sauce)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patis (sauce)">Patis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perilla_oil" title="Perilla oil">Perilla oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponzu" title="Ponzu">Ponzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmoriglio" title="Salmoriglio">Salmoriglio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame_oil" title="Sesame oil">Sesame oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_sauce" title="Soy sauce">Soy sauce</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soup_soy_sauce" title="Soup soy sauce">Soup soy sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_soy_sauce" title="Sweet soy sauce">Sweet soy sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyomansi" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyomansi">Toyomansi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrup" title="Syrup">Syrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_sauce" title="Worcestershire sauce">Worcestershire sauce</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tonkatsu_sauce" title="Tonkatsu sauce">Tonkatsu sauce</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spices and powders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/As%C3%ADn_tibuok" title="Asín tibuok">Asín tibuok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipotle" title="Chipotle">Chipotle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crushed_red_pepper" title="Crushed red pepper">Crushed red pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomashio" title="Gomashio">Gomashio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSG" class="mw-redirect" title="MSG">MSG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutritional_yeast" title="Nutritional yeast">Nutritional yeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popcorn_seasoning" title="Popcorn seasoning">Popcorn seasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_and_pepper" title="Salt and pepper">Salt and pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekka" title="Tekka">Tekka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Za%27atar" title="Za'atar">Za'atar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Salads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_style" title="Carolina style">Carolina style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleslaw" title="Coleslaw">Coleslaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachumbari" title="Kachumbari">Kachumbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachumber" title="Kachumber">Kachumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_(Mexican_cuisine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salsa (Mexican cuisine)">Salsa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pico_de_gallo" title="Pico de gallo">Pico de gallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_criolla" title="Salsa criolla">Salsa criolla</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Salad_dressing" title="Salad dressing">Dressings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_cheese_dressing" title="Blue cheese dressing">Blue cheese dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_dressing" title="French dressing">French dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger_dressing" title="Ginger dressing">Ginger dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_goddess_dressing" title="Green goddess dressing">Green goddess dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_dressing" title="Italian dressing">Italian dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_dressing" title="Louis dressing">Louis dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfair_salad_dressing" title="Mayfair salad dressing">Mayfair salad dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranch_dressing" title="Ranch dressing">Ranch dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_dressing" title="Russian dressing">Russian dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad_cream" title="Salad cream">Salad cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahini_sauce" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahini sauce">Tahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thousand_Island_dressing" title="Thousand Island dressing">Thousand Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinaigrette" title="Vinaigrette">Vinaigrette</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wafu_dressing" title="Wafu dressing">Wafu dressing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ketchup" title="Ketchup">Ketchups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banana_ketchup" title="Banana ketchup">Banana ketchup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_ketchup" title="Curry ketchup">Curry ketchup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_ketchup" title="Fruit ketchup">Fruit ketchup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushroom_ketchup" title="Mushroom ketchup">Mushroom ketchup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mustard_(condiment)" title="Mustard (condiment)">Mustards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dijon_mustard" title="Dijon mustard">Dijon mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey_mustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Honey mustard">Honey mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karashi" title="Karashi">Karashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasundi" title="Kasundi">Kasundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostarda" title="Mostarda">Mostarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustard_(condiment)#Spicy_brown/deli-style_mustard" title="Mustard (condiment)">Spicy brown mustard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creole_mustard" title="Creole mustard">Creole mustard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustard_(condiment)#Sweet_mustard" title="Mustard (condiment)">Sweet mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecuci" title="Tecuci">Tecuci mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewkesbury_mustard" title="Tewkesbury mustard">Tewkesbury mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turun_sinappi" title="Turun sinappi">Turun sinappi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustard_(condiment)#American/yellow_mustard" title="Mustard (condiment)">Yellow mustard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">Vinegars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_cider_vinegar" title="Apple cider vinegar">Apple cider vinegar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsamic_vinegar" title="Balsamic vinegar">Balsamic vinegar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balsamic_vinegar_of_Modena" title="Balsamic vinegar of Modena">Balsamic vinegar of Modena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_vinegar" title="Black vinegar">Black vinegar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaong_palm_vinegar" title="Kaong palm vinegar">Kaong palm vinegar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malt_vinegar" class="mw-redirect" title="Malt vinegar">Malt vinegar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipa_palm_vinegar" title="Nipa palm vinegar">Nipa palm vinegar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">List articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accompaniments_to_french_fries" title="List of accompaniments to french fries">Accompaniments to french fries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brand_name_condiments" title="List of brand name condiments">Brand name condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chutneys" title="List of chutneys">Chutneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste#Traditional_pastes" title="Fish paste">Fish pastes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fish_sauces" title="List of fish sauces">Fish sauces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_condiments" title="List of Indian condiments">Indian condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_condiments" title="List of Indonesian condiments">Indonesian condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_condiments" title="List of Japanese condiments">Japanese condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayonnaises" title="List of mayonnaises">Mayonnaises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mustard_brands" title="List of mustard brands">Mustard brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hot_sauces" title="List of hot sauces">Hot sauces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pakistani_condiments" title="List of Pakistani condiments">Pakistani condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_condiments" title="Philippine condiments">Philippine condiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pickled_foods" title="List of pickled foods">Pickled foods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accoutrements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cruet-stand" title="Cruet-stand">Cruet-stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachet_(scented_bag)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sachet (scented bag)">Sachet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_and_pepper_shakers" title="Salt and pepper shakers">Salt and pepper shakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squeeze_bottle" title="Squeeze bottle">Squeeze bottle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="TRP_channel_modulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transient_receptor_potential_channel_modulators" title="Template:Transient receptor potential channel modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transient_receptor_potential_channel_modulators" title="Template talk:Transient receptor potential channel modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transient_receptor_potential_channel_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transient receptor potential channel modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="TRP_channel_modulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transient_receptor_potential_channel" title="Transient receptor potential channel"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential">TRP</abbr> channel</a> <a href="/wiki/Channel_modulator" title="Channel modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential ankyrin channel"><a href="/wiki/TRPA_(ion_channel)" title="TRPA (ion channel)">TRPA</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Activators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-Hydroxynonenal" title="4-Hydroxynonenal">4-Hydroxynonenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Oxo-2-nonenal" title="4-Oxo-2-nonenal">4-Oxo-2-nonenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoxyeicosatrienoic_acid" title="Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid">4,5-EET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoxyeicosatrienoic_acid" title="Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid">12S-HpETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopentenone_prostaglandins" title="Cyclopentenone prostaglandins">15-Deoxy-Δ<sup>12,14</sup>-prostaglandin J2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxy_alpha_sanshool" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroxy alpha sanshool">α-Sanshool</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grains_of_paradise" title="Grains of paradise">melegueta peppers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrolein" title="Acrolein">Acrolein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allicin" title="Allicin">Allicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allyl_isothiocyanate" title="Allyl isothiocyanate">Allyl isothiocyanate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mustard_plant" title="Mustard plant">mustard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radish" title="Radish">radish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horseradish" title="Horseradish">horseradish</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">wasabi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM404" title="AM404">AM404</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP-7663" title="ASP-7663">ASP-7663</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradykinin" title="Bradykinin">Bradykinin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabichromene" title="Cannabichromene">Cannabichromene</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabigerol" title="Cannabigerol">Cannabigerol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamaldehyde" title="Cinnamaldehyde">Cinnamaldehyde</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CR_gas" title="CR gas">CR gas (dibenzoxazepine; DBO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CS_gas" title="CS gas">CS gas (2-chlorobenzal malononitrile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuminaldehyde" title="Cuminaldehyde">Cuminaldehyde</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cumin" title="Cumin">cumin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curcumin" title="Curcumin">Curcumin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">turmeric</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dehydroligustilide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dehydroligustilide (page does not exist)">Dehydroligustilide</a> (<a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">celery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diallyl_disulfide" title="Diallyl disulfide">Diallyl disulfide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicentrine" title="Dicentrine">Dicentrine</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Lindera" title="Lindera">Lindera</a></i> spp.)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Farnesyl_thiosalicylic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid (page does not exist)">Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Formalin">Formalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerol" title="Gingerol">Gingerols</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepoxilin_A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepoxilin A3">Hepoxilin A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepoxilin_B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepoxilin B3">Hepoxilin B3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_peroxide" title="Hydrogen peroxide">Hydrogen peroxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icilin" title="Icilin">Icilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isothiocyanate" title="Isothiocyanate">Isothiocyanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JT-010" title="JT-010">JT-010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligustilide" title="Ligustilide">Ligustilide</a> (<a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">celery</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Angelica_acutiloba" title="Angelica acutiloba">Angelica acutiloba</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linalool" title="Linalool">Linalool</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan pepper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">thyme</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylglyoxal" title="Methylglyoxal">Methylglyoxal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_salicylate" title="Methyl salicylate">Methyl salicylate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wintergreen" title="Wintergreen">wintergreen</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methylmaleimide" title="N-Methylmaleimide">N-Methylmaleimide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine" title="Nicotine">Nicotine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleocanthal" title="Oleocanthal">Oleocanthal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paclitaxel" title="Paclitaxel">Paclitaxel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taxus_brevifolia" title="Taxus brevifolia">Pacific yew</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracetamol" title="Paracetamol">Paracetamol (acetaminophen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-4840154" title="PF-4840154">PF-4840154</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenacyl_chloride" title="Phenacyl chloride">Phenacyl chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygodial" title="Polygodial">Polygodial</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tasmannia_stipitata" title="Tasmannia stipitata">Dorrigo pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shogaol" title="Shogaol">Shogaols</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grains_of_paradise" title="Grains of paradise">melegueta peppers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">Tear gases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">Tetrahydrocannabinol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabiorcol" title="Tetrahydrocannabiorcol">Tetrahydrocannabiorcol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syn-Propanethial-S-oxide" title="Syn-Propanethial-S-oxide">Thiopropanal S-oxide</a> (<a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">onion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbellulone" title="Umbellulone">Umbellulone</a> (<i>Umbellularia californica</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_55,212-2" title="WIN 55,212-2">WIN 55,212-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Blockers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-967079" title="A-967079">A-967079</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-0902" title="AM-0902">AM-0902</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dehydroligustilide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dehydroligustilide (page does not exist)">Dehydroligustilide</a> (<a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">celery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HC-030031" title="HC-030031">HC-030031</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine" title="Nicotine">Nicotine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-04745637" title="PF-04745637">PF-04745637</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium_red" title="Ruthenium red">Ruthenium red</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential canonical channel"><a href="/wiki/TRPC" title="TRPC">TRPC</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Activators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhyperforin" title="Adhyperforin">Adhyperforin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hypericum_perforatum" title="Hypericum perforatum">St John's wort</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diglyceride" title="Diglyceride">Diacyl glycerol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK1702934A" title="GSK1702934A">GSK1702934A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperforin" title="Hyperforin">Hyperforin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hypericum_perforatum" title="Hypericum perforatum">St John's wort</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substance_P" title="Substance P">Substance P</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Blockers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3%E2%80%B2-5-Dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3′-5-Dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (page does not exist)">DCDPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone_sulfate" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate">DHEA-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flufenamic_acid" title="Flufenamic acid">Flufenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK417651A" title="GSK417651A">GSK417651A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK2293017A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GSK2293017A (page does not exist)">GSK2293017A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclofenamic_acid" title="Meclofenamic acid">Meclofenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic_acid" title="N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid">N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflumic_acid" title="Niflumic acid">Niflumic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progesterone" title="Progesterone">Progesterone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyr3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyr3 (page does not exist)">Pyr3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolfenamic_acid" title="Tolfenamic acid">Tolfenamic acid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential melastatin channel"><a href="/wiki/TRPM" title="TRPM">TRPM</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Activators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate_ribose" title="Adenosine diphosphate ribose">ADP-ribose</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BCTC_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BCTC (drug) (page does not exist)">BCTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Calcium</a> (intracellular)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIM-0216" title="CIM-0216">CIM-0216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold" title="Cold">Cold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coolact_P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coolact P (page does not exist)">Coolact P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooling_Agent_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Cooling Agent 10">Cooling Agent 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptol" title="Eucalyptol">Eucalyptol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">eucalyptus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frescolat_MGA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frescolat MGA (page does not exist)">Frescolat MGA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frescolat_ML&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frescolat ML (page does not exist)">Frescolat ML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraniol" title="Geraniol">Geraniol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxycitronellal" title="Hydroxycitronellal">Hydroxycitronellal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icilin" title="Icilin">Icilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linalool" title="Linalool">Linalool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menthol" title="Menthol">Menthol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mentha" title="Mentha">mint</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PMD_38&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMD 38 (page does not exist)">PMD 38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rutamarin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rutamarin (page does not exist)">Rutamarin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ruta_graveolens" title="Ruta graveolens">Ruta graveolens</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steviol_glycoside" title="Steviol glycoside">Steviol glycosides</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Stevioside" title="Stevioside">stevioside</a>) (<i><a href="/wiki/Stevia_rebaudiana" title="Stevia rebaudiana">Stevia rebaudiana</a></i>)</li> <li>Sweet <a href="/wiki/Taste" title="Taste">tastants</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Glucose" title="Glucose">glucose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fructose" title="Fructose">fructose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sucrose" title="Sucrose">sucrose</a>; indirectly)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thio-BCTC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thio-BCTC (page does not exist)">Thio-BCTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WS-12" class="mw-redirect" title="WS-12">WS-12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Blockers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMG-333" title="AMG-333">AMG-333</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsazepine" title="Capsazepine">Capsazepine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotrimazole" title="Clotrimazole">Clotrimazole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3%E2%80%B2-5-Dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3′-5-Dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (page does not exist)">DCDPC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elismetrep&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elismetrep (page does not exist)">Elismetrep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flufenamic_acid" title="Flufenamic acid">Flufenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclofenamic_acid" title="Meclofenamic acid">Meclofenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mefenamic_acid" title="Mefenamic acid">Mefenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic_acid" title="N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid">N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine" title="Nicotine">Nicotine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflumic_acid" title="Niflumic acid">Niflumic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ononetin" title="Ononetin">Ononetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-05105679" title="PF-05105679">PF-05105679</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RQ-00203078" title="RQ-00203078">RQ-00203078</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium_red" title="Ruthenium red">Ruthenium red</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rutamarin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rutamarin (page does not exist)">Rutamarin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ruta_graveolens" title="Ruta graveolens">Ruta graveolens</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolfenamic_acid" title="Tolfenamic acid">Tolfenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triphenylphosphine_oxide" title="Triphenylphosphine oxide">TPPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRPM4-IN-5" title="TRPM4-IN-5">TRPM4-IN-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential mucolipin channel"><a href="/wiki/TRPML" title="TRPML">TRPML</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Activators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EVP21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EVP21 (page does not exist)">EVP21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK6-83" title="MK6-83">MK6-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ML-SA1" title="ML-SA1">ML-SA1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ML2-SA1" title="ML2-SA1">ML2-SA1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol_3,5-bisphosphate" title="Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate">PI(3,5)P<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SF-22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SF-22 (page does not exist)">SF-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SN-2" title="SN-2">SN-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Blockers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ML-SI3" title="ML-SI3">ML-SI3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol_4,5-bisphosphate" title="Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate">PI(4,5)P<sub>2</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential polycystin channel"><a href="/wiki/TRPP" title="TRPP">TRPP</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Activators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triptolide" title="Triptolide">Triptolide</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Tripterygium_wilfordii" title="Tripterygium wilfordii">Tripterygium wilfordii</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Blockers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium_red" title="Ruthenium red">Ruthenium red</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><abbr title="Transient receptor potential vanilloid channel"><a href="/wiki/TRPV" title="TRPV">TRPV</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Activators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl_borate" title="2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate">2-APB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoxyeicosatrienoic_acid" title="Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid">5',6'-EET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid" title="9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid">9-HODE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid" title="9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid">9-oxoODE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoxyeicosatrienoic_acid" title="Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid">12S-HETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoxyeicosatrienoic_acid" title="Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid">12S-HpETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid" title="13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid">13-HODE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid" title="13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid">13-oxoODE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid" title="20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid">20-HETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxy_alpha_sanshool" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroxy alpha sanshool">α-Sanshool</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grains_of_paradise" title="Grains of paradise">melegueta peppers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allicin" title="Allicin">Allicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM404" title="AM404">AM404</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamide" title="Anandamide">Anandamide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bisandrographolide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bisandrographolide (page does not exist)">Bisandrographolide</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Andrographis_paniculata" title="Andrographis paniculata">Andrographis paniculata</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camphor" title="Camphor">Camphor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cinnamomum_camphora" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinnamomum camphora">camphor laurel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosemary" title="Rosemary">rosemary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camphorweed" title="Camphorweed">camphorweed</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_blue_basil" title="African blue basil">African blue basil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ocimum_kilimandscharicum" title="Ocimum kilimandscharicum">camphor basil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidivarin" title="Cannabidivarin">Cannabidivarin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">Capsaicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carvacrol" title="Carvacrol">Carvacrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">oregano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">thyme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lepidium" title="Lepidium">pepperwort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monarda_fistulosa" title="Monarda fistulosa">wild bergamot</a>, others)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone">DHEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diglyceride" title="Diglyceride">Diacyl glycerol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydrocapsaicin" title="Dihydrocapsaicin">Dihydrocapsaicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estradiol" title="Estradiol">Estradiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenol" title="Eugenol">Eugenol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Basil" title="Basil">basil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clove" title="Clove">clove</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evodiamine" title="Evodiamine">Evodiamine</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Tetradium_ruticarpum" title="Tetradium ruticarpum">Euodia ruticarpa</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerol" title="Gingerol">Gingerols</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSK1016790A" title="GSK1016790A">GSK1016790A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat" title="Heat">Heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepoxilin_A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepoxilin A3">Hepoxilin A3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepoxilin_B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepoxilin B3">Hepoxilin B3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homocapsaicin" title="Homocapsaicin">Homocapsaicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homodihydrocapsaicin" title="Homodihydrocapsaicin">Homodihydrocapsaicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incensole" title="Incensole">Incensole</a> (<a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysophosphatidic_acid" title="Lysophosphatidic acid">Lysophosphatidic acid</a></li> <li>Low <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> (acidic conditions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menthol" title="Menthol">Menthol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mentha" title="Mentha">mint</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Arachidonoyl_dopamine" title="N-Arachidonoyl dopamine">N-Arachidonoyl dopamine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Oleoyldopamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Oleoyldopamine (page does not exist)">N-Oleoyldopamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleoylethanolamide" title="Oleoylethanolamide">N-Oleoylethanolamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonivamide" title="Nonivamide">Nonivamide (PAVA)</a> (<a href="/wiki/PAVA_spray" title="PAVA spray">PAVA spray</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordihydrocapsaicin" title="Nordihydrocapsaicin">Nordihydrocapsaicin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paclitaxel" title="Paclitaxel">Paclitaxel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taxus_brevifolia" title="Taxus brevifolia">Pacific yew</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracetamol" title="Paracetamol">Paracetamol (acetaminophen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenylacetylrinvanil" title="Phenylacetylrinvanil">Phenylacetylrinvanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorbol_esters" title="Phorbol esters">Phorbol esters</a> (e.g., <a href="/w/index.php?title=4%CE%B1-phorbol_12,13-didecanoate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (page does not exist)">4α-PDD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piperine" title="Piperine">Piperine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">black pepper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long_pepper" title="Long pepper">long pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygodial" title="Polygodial">Polygodial</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tasmannia_stipitata" title="Tasmannia stipitata">Dorrigo pepper</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probenecid" title="Probenecid">Probenecid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">Protons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RhTx" title="RhTx">RhTx</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rutamarin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rutamarin (page does not exist)">Rutamarin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ruta_graveolens" title="Ruta graveolens">Ruta graveolens</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resiniferatoxin" title="Resiniferatoxin">Resiniferatoxin</a> (RTX) (<i><a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_resinifera" title="Euphorbia resinifera">Euphorbia resinifera</a>/<a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_poissonii" title="Euphorbia poissonii">pooissonii</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shogaol" title="Shogaol">Shogaols</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_pepper" title="Sichuan pepper">Sichuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grains_of_paradise" title="Grains of paradise">melegueta peppers</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabivarin" title="Tetrahydrocannabivarin">Tetrahydrocannabivarin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymol" title="Thymol">Thymol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">thyme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">oregano</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinyatoxin" title="Tinyatoxin">Tinyatoxin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_resinifera" title="Euphorbia resinifera">Euphorbia resinifera</a>/<a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_poissonii" title="Euphorbia poissonii">pooissonii</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">Tramadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanillin" title="Vanillin">Vanillin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vanilla" title="Vanilla">vanilla</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zucapsaicin" title="Zucapsaicin">Zucapsaicin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Blockers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spinasterol" title="Spinasterol">α-Spinasterol</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Vernonia" title="Vernonia">Vernonia tweediana</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMG-517" title="AMG-517">AMG-517</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMG-9810" title="AMG-9810">AMG-9810</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asivatrep&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asivatrep (page does not exist)">Asivatrep</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BCTC_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BCTC (drug) (page does not exist)">BCTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabigerol" title="Cannabigerol">Cannabigerol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabigerolic_acid" title="Cannabigerolic acid">Cannabigerolic acid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabigerovarin" title="Cannabigerovarin">Cannabigerovarin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinol" title="Cannabinol">Cannabinol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsazepine" title="Capsazepine">Capsazepine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3%E2%80%B2-5-Dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3′-5-Dichlorodiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (page does not exist)">DCDPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone">DHEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone_sulfate" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate">DHEA-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flufenamic_acid" title="Flufenamic acid">Flufenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRC-6211" title="GRC-6211">GRC-6211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HC-067047" title="HC-067047">HC-067047</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum">Lanthanum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavatrep" title="Mavatrep">Mavatrep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclofenamic_acid" title="Meclofenamic acid">Meclofenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic_acid" title="N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid">N-(p-Amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NGD-8243&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NGD-8243 (page does not exist)">NGD-8243</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflumic_acid" title="Niflumic acid">Niflumic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RN-1734&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RN-1734 (page does not exist)">RN-1734</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RN-9893" title="RN-9893">RN-9893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium_red" title="Ruthenium red">Ruthenium red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-366791" title="SB-366791">SB-366791</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-705498" title="SB-705498">SB-705498</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tivanisiran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tivanisiran (page does not exist)">Tivanisiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolfenamic_acid" title="Tolfenamic acid">Tolfenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRPV3-74a" title="TRPV3-74a">TRPV3-74a</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Ion_channel_modulators" title="Template:Ion channel modulators">Ion channel modulators</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Eutrema japonicum</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49855" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q49855">Q49855</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Eutrema_japonicum" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Eutrema japonicum">Eutrema japonicum</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id132926">132926</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=624988">624988</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6HJ7Q">6HJ7Q</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/483598">483598</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ETMWA">ETMWA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5375216">5375216</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=404759">404759</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/123047">123047</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/284345-1">284345-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=823046">823046</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=75806">75806</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/129708/">129708</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=185264">185264</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2805492">kew-2805492</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A284345-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:284345-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/4103852">4103852</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=5836086">5836086</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000683668">wfo-0000683668</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Lunaria japonica</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20366256" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q20366256">Q20366256</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/72PYC">72PYC</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5375218">5375218</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=318172">318172</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/286660-1">286660-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A286660-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286660-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/4104038">4104038</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000362411">wfo-0000362411</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49855#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00574156">Japan</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>   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