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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>Du har ikke rettigheder til at redigere denne side af følgende grund: </p> <div class="permissions-errors"><div class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>Din IP-adresse er inden for et interval blevet <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">blokeret på alle Wikimedia Foundation-wikier</a>.</b> <p>Blokeringen blev foretaget af <a href="/wiki/Bruger:Jon_Kolbert" title="Bruger:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. 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Hvis du mener, at du er blevet blokeret ved en fejl, kan du finde yderligere oplysninger og instruktioner i den globale politik <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">Ingen åbne proxyer</a>. </p> Du kan også diskutere blokeringen ved at <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">lægge en anmodning om gennemgang på Meta-Wiki</a>. ⧼wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-e-mail-steward⧽</div></div><hr /> <p>Du kan se og kopiere kildeteksten for denne side </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="da" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">== Historie == [[Fil:Gdańsk Main Town Hall 2015 001.jpg|thumb|left|Den Kongelige Vej (''Droga Królewska'') med historiske huse og det gotiske-renæssancens rådhus]] [[Fil:Gdańsk Zielona Brama.jpg|thumb|left|Den Grønne Port (renæssance) blev opført som polske kongers officielle bopæl under deres besøg i Gdańsk.]] Byen blev omtalt som en [[kasjubisk]] fiskerby<ref>*John Brown Mason, The Danzig Dilemma; a Study in Peacemaking by Compromise, 1946 [http://books.google.pl/books?hl=pl&id=njEYAAAAIAAJ&dq=Swantopolk+%2Bpomerania&q=kashubian#search_anchor The Danzig dilemma; a study in peacemaking by compromise - John Brown Mason - Google bøger]</ref> i [[997]] beliggende ved udløbet af floden [[Wisła]] (i dag er denne flodarm udtørret, og floden udmunder længere mod øst). Fra middelalderen tilhørte byen Polen. I 1263 modtog Gdańsk byrettigheder. I 1308 blev Gdańsk erobret af den [[Tyske Ridderorden]], som udførte en massakre på beboerne. Byen blev en magnet for tyske købmænd. Som købmands-, handels- og havneby blev byen en magtfaktor i hele østersøområdet. Byen blev 1308/09 underlagt den Tyske Ridderorden og blev et af de ledende medlemmer af [[Hanseforbundet]]. Den kom senere i krig med dronning [[Margrete 1.|Margrete]]. Under den polske-teutoniske krig, i 1410 anerkendte byen Gdańsk kongen af Polen som den retmæssige hersker, men efter fredsaftalen i 1411 måtte den vende tilbage til den Tyske Orden. I [[1454]] anerkendte byen Polen som sin overherre mod løfter om rettigheder og autonomi. Polske konger besøgte byen mange gange, og den repræsentative rute af byen blev traditionelt kaldt den Kongelige Vej. Som en af de ti største og mest indflydelsesrige byer i Polen havde Gdańsk ret til at deltage i valget af konger i Polen (efter indførelsen af et valg i 1569).<ref>''Polska Encyklopedia Szlachecka'', t. I, Warszawa 1935, s. 42.</ref> I sin økonomiske storhedstid omkring år 1650 havde byen nærved 80.000 indbyggere og var den rigeste og største by i [[Polen-Litauen]], foran [[Lviv|Lwów]], [[Kraków]], [[Warszawa]] og [[Vilnius]]. Den 28. november 1627, i nærheden af [[Oliwa]] (nu distriktet Gdańsk) fandt en af de største søfartskampe i polsk historie sted, hvor polakkerne besejrede svenskerne. Under [[Polske Arvefølgekrig]] blev Gdańsk belejret af russerne i 1734. [[Fil:Gdańsk Kaplica Królewska 003.jpg|thumb|Kongelige Kapel af [[Johan Sobieski]] (barok)]] Efter [[Polens tre delinger|Polens 2. deling]] i 1793 blev byen indlemmet i kongeriget [[Preussen]]. I 1797 forstyrrede de preussiske myndigheder forsøget om elevopstandet i Gdańsk.<ref>Edmund Cieślak, Czesław Biernat, ''Dzieje Gdańska'', Wydawn. Morskie, 1969, s.370</ref> Under [[Napoleonskrigene]] blev byen ikke en del af [[Storhertugdømmet Warszawa]], men fik en speciel status som [[Fristaden Danzig (1807-1814)|fristad i årene 1807-1814]]. Reelt var byen dog under [[Frankrig|fransk]] kontrol, men blev tilbageleveret til [[Preussen]] ved fredsslutningen i 1815. 1815-29 og fra 1878 var Danzig hovedstad i den preussiske provins [[Vestpreussen]]. Efter [[Første Verdenskrig]] besluttede sejrherrerne, at byen skulle omdannes til en [[Fristaden Danzig|fristad]] i toldunion med Polen under [[Folkeforbundet]]s overhøjhed. Det var et af den amerikanske præsident [[Woodrow Wilson]]s berømte [[Wilsons 14 punkter|14 punkter]] for den kommende fred. Wilson anså ordningen for at være et kompromis mellem tyske og polske interesser. Polen ønskede at indlemme byen for at sikre sig en havn ved Østersøkysten, mens Tyskland ønskede at beholde kontrollen over byen. Den engelske regering arbejdede på at overtale Polen til at overtage byen [[Klaipėda]] (tysk: ''Memel'') i stedet. Denne by forblev en del af [[Litauen]] indtil i Tyskland annekterede den i 1939. Af de 330.000, der levede i Danzig ved folketællingen i 1910, var over 95 % tyskere og 3% polakker. I 1923 havde 97,6 % af befolkningen tysk som modersmål. Ved krigsudbruddet 1939 blev Danzig igen en del af Tyskland og fungerede som hovedstad i provinsen Danzig-Vestpreussen. [[Fil:20230818 8793-Marienkirche Danzig.jpg|thumb|Nærbillede af Mariakirken (gotisk)]] Byen blev indtaget af den Røde Hær i 1944 og reelt ødelagt. Næsten hele befolkningen flygtede eller blev deporteret på linje med de tyske indbyggere i de øvrige områder, som tilfaldt Polen og Sovjetunionen. Byen blev overgivet til [[Folkerepublikken Polen]] efter [[2. verdenskrig]]. Omkring 100.000 af byens indbyggere omkom under krigen, og omkring 1950 levede ca. 285.000 tyske danzigere i eksil. Byen blev i 1950'erne og 1960'erne genopbygget og fremstår i høj grad i dag i sin tidligere skikkelse. [[Fil:Gdańsk, Długie Pobrzeże (HB2).jpg|thumb|Den berømte kran på havnefronten]] [[Fil:Oliwa kathedraal.jpg|thumb|Katedralen i Oliwa]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Returnér til <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hentet fra "<a dir="ltr" href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdańsk">https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gdańsk</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privatlivspolitik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Om">Om Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Generelle_forbehold">Forbehold</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Udviklere</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/da.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie-erklæring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//da.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gda%C5%84sk&action=edit&section=2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilvisning</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-kmnzc","wgBackendResponseTime":188,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.005","walltime":"0.006","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":614,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-kmnzc","timestamp":"20241124023428","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>