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Design & Simulation - Mobility Engineering Technology

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p{padding-left:0!important}.ps-3{padding-left:1rem!important}.text-center{text-align:center!important}.text-uppercase{text-transform:uppercase!important}.text-primary{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-white{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-white-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-reset{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:inherit!important}@media (min-width:992px){.d-lg-block{display:block!important}}.blur-up{filter:blur(3px)}html{scroll-padding-top:100px}.adbox{background:#e6e6e7;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.container{max-width:1170px}.container.hero{margin-top:-46px}.divider{border-top:1px solid #000}.full-width{max-width:100%;padding-right:15px!important;padding-left:15px!important}header{position:relative;z-index:75}.header-top{height:85px;justify-content:space-between}.header-top>.col:first-of-type{padding-left:3.125rem}.header-top a{text-decoration:none}.header-title{position:absolute;font-weight:900;font-size:1.6875rem;color:#01a0e9;margin-left:15px;text-align:center;line-height:1.6875rem}.header-title::before{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;top:-3px;left:-9px;width:2px;height:54px;background:#005095}.header-subtitle{color:#005095;font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:700;position:relative;bottom:-28px;left:15px}.fa-bars{font-size:2.25rem}.mobile-tagline{display:none;text-align:center}.mobile-tagline span{position:relative;font-weight:900;font-size:1.6875rem;color:#01a0e9;margin-left:15px;text-align:center}.nav-blue{height:70px;z-index:2;position:relative}.nav-blue-hide{height:70px;max-width:934px;width:934px;background-color:#1b75bb;color:#fff;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700;vertical-align:middle}.nav-blue-hide a{color:#fff;margin:0 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At stake is supplier value-add share versus that of OEMs as light-vehicle propulsion formats shift from...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694765562/sites/ae/features-16x9/46550/sae-ma-06989-mustang_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Transportation</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46417-sae-ma-06980?m=2231">2023 Cadillac Lyriq Executive Chief Engineer: New EV Her ‘North Star’</a></h2> <p> At the Cadillac Lyriq’s media drive program in Utah, SAE Media spoke one-on-one with Jamie Brewer, Lyriq executive chief engineer, about developing the first-ever...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694766303/sites/ae/features-16x9/46417/sae-ma-06980-2023-cadillac-lyriq-r34_gallery_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Manned Systems</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46399-sae-ma-06976?m=2231">BMW 7-Series Drives Itself Through Own Assembly</a></h2> <p> The 1997 James Bond film “Tomorrow Never Dies” obliquely presaged current-day automated-driving technology when the hero remotely piloted his modified BMW 7-Series sedan through a series...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1660588706/sites/ae/articles/sup/AVE/2022/news/SAE-MA-06976-bmw-automated-drive-in-factory-exterior-driverless_banner.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>Q&A</div> <div>Connectivity</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46311-sae-ma-06966?m=2231">Allison Advances Commercial-Vehicle Electronic Controls</a></h2> <p> Allison Transmission continues to invest in and accelerate its electric-vehicle propulsion solutions, but it also remains committed to its conventional product portfolio, which the...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694772524/sites/tohe/features-16x9/46311/sae-ma-06966-allison-next-gen-controls-conventional_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>Articles</div> <div>Sensors/Data Acquisition</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46211-sae-ma-06947?m=2231">Positioning to Centimeter Level Improves Ag Productivity</a></h2> <p> Precision navigation, which is essential to autonomous machines, is knowing a moving vehicle’s absolute and relative position in 3D space accurately, reliably and repeatably. The...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694772414/sites/tohe/features-16x9/46211/sae-ma-06947-aceinna-imu_agtech_applications2_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/mobilityengineeringtech.com_450x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid'],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_498',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_498' class=""></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Power</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46210-sae-ma-06946?m=2231">Data Boom Drives Bosch to 10,000 Software Engineers in 2022</a></h2> <p> Ten thousand. That’s how many software engineers Bosch plans to hire worldwide in 2022. The Tier 1 giant needs software specialists as electrified, automated and connected...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694765763/sites/ae/features-16x9/46210/sae-ma-06946-bosch-software-testing_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>RF & Microwave Electronics</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46225-sae-ma-06961?m=2231">Ultrasound Tech Offers Sophisticated Battery-Testing Intelligence</a></h2> <p> The production and supply of lithium-ion batteries for the global EV and stationary energy storage systems (ESS) markets is growing at an exponential rate. At the same time,...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1658183144/sites/tohe/articles/2022/news/SAE-MA-06961-ultrasound-battery-testing-panasonic-battery-production-hero_banner.png' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Sensors/Data Acquisition</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46222-sae-ma-06958?m=2231">Volvo Gets 'Gamey' with Info, Driver-Assist Warnings for Future EVs</a></h2> <p> As vehicles gain more and more technology such as infotainment, advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and electrification, there’s a corresponding need for ways to...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1658183449/sites/ae/articles/sup/AVE/2022/news/SAE-MA-06958-volvo---epic-games---video_banner.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>Technology Report</div> <div>Manned Systems</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46118-sae-ma-06936?m=2231">Wireless Road Charging for EVs to Debut in 2023</a></h2> <p> Roadway-embedded wireless charging for electric vehicles is coming to a stretch of urban highway in Detroit, marking a pilot-program first on a U.S. public road. “Our electric vehicle...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1691741444/sites/ae/articles/2022/regulars/SAE-MA-06936-electreon---arena-of-the-future_banner.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>Articles</div> <div>Manned Systems</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46220-sae-ma-06956?m=2231">Funding, Mandates Fuel Commercial-Vehicle Electrification</a></h2> <p> Government funding and electrification mandates are providing strong tailwinds for electric vehicle (EV) suppliers. But to optimize their transitions, fleet operators will have to...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1692667876/sites/tohe/articles/2022/features/SAE-MA-06956-ohlightning-energy-charging_banner.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Imaging</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46218-sae-ma-06954?m=2231">Veoneer Shows Its Latest Safety and AV Tech</a></h2> <p> Veoneer CEO Jacob Svanberg gazes at a large flat-screen display from a demonstrator van’s second-row seat. The screen shows hundreds of colored dots, including a dozen purple pixels pinpointing...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1658279719/sites/tohe/articles/2022/news/SAE-MA-06954-veoneer---baraja-lidar_banner-2.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Unmanned Systems</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46223-sae-ma-06959?m=2231">Sensing Enters a New Era</a></h2> <p> More than 1.3 million people die on the world’s roadways each year and another 50 million are injured. While roadway safety has improved over time, all countries face formidable challenges in reducing the trend....</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694773606/sites/ae/features-16x9/46223/sae-ma-06959-neural-propulsion-rev-class-8-truck_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>Articles</div> <div>Software</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46120-sae-ma-06938?m=2231">Pushing the Boundaries of Automated Driving</a></h2> <p> In late April 2022, SAE Media editor Bruce Bennett spoke with Paul Mitchell, CEO of Energy Systems Network, a 13-year-old nonprofit organization that organizes and manages various public-private...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694773662/sites/ae/features-16x9/46120/sae-ma-06938-2022-indy-autonomous-challenge-final-pass_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>News</div> <div>Propulsion</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46209-sae-ma-06945?m=2231">Making the Torque-Transfer Transition</a></h2> <p> A reckoning has arrived at suppliers whose product portfolios, engineering resources, and R&amp;D activities are not aligned with the EV horizon. The challenge of pivoting their focus to...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1694765510/sites/ae/features-16x9/46209/sae-ma-06945-amsted-aag-dcc-exploded_banner_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><div class="row article"> <div class="col-md"> <h4> <div>Technical Innovation</div> <div>Electronics & Computers</div></h4> <h2><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/46114-sae-ma-06932?m=2231">Webasto Delivers Battery System for Zeus EV Chassis</a></h2> <p> Electric work trucks are beginning to roll off the line at Zeus Electric Chassis’ production facility in White Bear Lake, Minnesota. Zeus is providing the Sacramento Municipal Utility...</p></div> <div class="col-md-auto "> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1691744063/sites/tohe/articles/2022/regulars/SAE-MA-06932-webasto_smud-zeus-trucks_banner.jpg' class='img-fluid lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="divider"></div></div></div><nav role="navigation" aria-label="New Pagination"> <ul class="pagination pagination-sm justify-content-center sans-serif"><li class="page-item"> <a aria-label="Go to start page" href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/design-simulation?start=0" class="page-link"> <span class="fas fa-angle-double-left" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li><li class="page-item"> <a aria-label="Go to previous page" href="/met/topic/commercial-vehicle/design-simulation?start=0" class="page-link"> <span class="fas fa-angle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li><li class="page-item"> <a 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