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Disponible en 16 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Зааспоры – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Зааспоры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0" title="জুস্পোর – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জুস্পোর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoospora" title="Zoospora – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zoospora" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zo%C3%B2spora" title="Zoòspora – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Zoòspora" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoospore" title="Zoospore – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zoospore" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoospore" title="Zoospore – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zoospore" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoospora" title="Zoospora – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zoospora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B6%D5%B8%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Զոոսպորներ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Զոոսպորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoospora" title="Zoospora – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zoospora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9E%90" title="유주자 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유주자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zo%C3%B6spore" title="Zoöspore – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zoöspore" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82ywka" title="Pływka – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pływka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zo%C3%B3sporo" title="Zoósporo – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Zoósporo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Зооспоры – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Зооспоры" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoospore" title="Zoospore – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Zoospore" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Зооспора – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Зооспора" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Zoospore"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Zoospore&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zoospores" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q220341" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>Les <b>zoospores</b> (ou Sporozoïdes) sont des <a href="/wiki/Spore" title="Spore">spores</a> <a href="/wiki/Flagelle" title="Flagelle">flagellées</a>, mobiles dans l'eau et produites par certaines espèces de <a href="/wiki/Bact%C3%A9rie" title="Bactérie">bactéries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algue" title="Algue">algues</a>, champignons (<i><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></i>) et les pseudochampignons<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudomycota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudomycota (page inexistante)">Pseudomycota</a></i>) apparentés aux algues<sup id="cite_ref-silar_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silar-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> comme tous les <a href="/wiki/Oomyc%C3%A8tes" class="mw-redirect" title="Oomycètes">Oomycètes</a>. </p><p>La propulsion autonome grâce aux flagelles est souvent associée au <a href="/wiki/Chimiotaxie" title="Chimiotaxie">chimiotaxisme</a>, permettant à la zoospore de se diriger en fonction de la diffusion de certaines espèces chimiques. </p> <ul><li><b>Chez les champignons et pseudochampignons</b>,</li></ul> <table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Zoospores_types.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Zoospores_types.svg/255px-Zoospores_types.svg.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Zoospores_types.svg/383px-Zoospores_types.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Zoospores_types.svg/510px-Zoospores_types.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png/190px-Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png/285px-Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png/380px-Zoospores_-_Reproductive_Structure_of_the_Phytophthora.png 2x" data-file-width="1394" data-file-height="939" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>Fig. 1</b> Les quatre types de zoospores<br />d'après Webster & Weber<sup id="cite_ref-fungi_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fungi-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><b>Fig. 2</b> Zoospore de <a href="/wiki/Phytophthora" title="Phytophthora">Phytophthora</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il existe quatre types de zoospores<sup id="cite_ref-fungi_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fungi-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> : </p> <ol><li>zoospores avec flagelle(s) postérieur(s), caractéristiques des <a href="/wiki/Chytridiomycota" title="Chytridiomycota">Chytridiomycota</a>. Chez la plupart de ces derniers, il n'existe qu'un flagelle postérieur (fig. 1a) mais chez les <a href="/wiki/Neocallimastigomycota" title="Neocallimastigomycota">Neocallimastigales</a>, il y en a jusqu'à 16 (fig.1b)</li> <li>zoospores biflagellées, avec deux flagelles de type fouet de longueur inégale (fig. 1c) ; on les trouve chez quelques <a href="/wiki/Myxomycota" class="mw-redirect" title="Myxomycota">Myxomycota</a> et les <a href="/wiki/Plasmodiophoromycota" class="mw-redirect" title="Plasmodiophoromycota">Plasmodiophoromycota</a> (ces deux champignons-animaux sont maintenant classés parmi les <a href="/wiki/Protozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Protozoa">Protozoa</a>)</li> <li>zoospores avec un flagelle antérieur (fig. 1 d) ; ce flagelle antérieur couvert de courts "poils" est caractéristique des <a href="/wiki/Hyphochytriomycota" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyphochytriomycota">Hyphochytriomycota</a>. Il tire vers l'avant la spore par des mouvements rythmiques sinusoïdaux.</li> <li>zoospores biflagellées (fig. 1e, f) ; un flagelle lisse et un flagelle couvert de poils (de type guirlande), attachés soit à l'apex soit latéralement. Ils sont caractéristiques des <a href="/wiki/Oomycota" title="Oomycota">Oomycota</a>.</li></ol> <p>Les zoospores peuvent être hétérokontées (deux flagelles inégaux), pleurokontées (flagelles latéraux), isokontées (deux flagelles égaux), accrokontées (flagelles à un pôle). </p> <ul><li><b>Chez les algues</b></li></ul> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Zoospore" title="Spécial:EditPage/Zoospore">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue ! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire ?</a></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg/220px-PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg/330px-PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg/440px-PSM_V02_D296_Zoospores.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1426" data-file-height="458" /></a><figcaption><b>Fig. 3</b> Zoospores d’<a href="/wiki/Algue" title="Algue">algues</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spore" title="Spore">Spore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_de_vie_(biologie)" title="Cycle de vie (biologie)">Cycle de vie (biologie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ration_(biologie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Génération (biologie)">Génération (biologie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydromycoflore" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydromycoflore">Hydromycoflore</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">les pseudochampignons sont des organismes fongiformes qui autrefois étaient classés parmi les champignons et qui maintenant avec l’avènement de la classification phylogénétique se retrouvent dispersés dans plusieurs clades non monophylétiques avec les <i>Fungi</i> (Silar et al, 2013)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zoospore&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-silar-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-silar_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="SilarMalagnac2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="Philippe_SilarFabienne_Malagnac2013">Philippe Silar et Fabienne Malagnac, <cite class="italique">Les champignons redécouverts</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Belin_%C3%A9diteur" title="Belin éditeur">Belin</a>, <time>2013</time>, 232 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+champignons+red%C3%A9couverts&rft.pub=Belin&rft.aulast=Silar&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.au=Fabienne+Malagnac&rft.date=2013&rft.tpages=232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AZoospore"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fungi-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-fungi_3-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-fungi_3-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Webster2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_Webster2009">John <span class="nom_auteur">Webster</span>, Roland Weber, <cite class="italique">Introduction to Fungi</cite>, Cambridge, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, <time>2009</time>, 846 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-521-80739-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-521-80739-5"><span class="nowrap">978-0-521-80739-5</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0521807395" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0521807395"><span class="nowrap">0521807395</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9780521014830" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9780521014830"><span class="nowrap">9780521014830</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Fungi&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2009&rft.tpages=846&rft.isbn=978-0-521-80739-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AZoospore"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Mycologie" title="Portail de la mycologie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kantarell%2C_Iduns_kokbok.png/18px-Kantarell%2C_Iduns_kokbok.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kantarell%2C_Iduns_kokbok.png/27px-Kantarell%2C_Iduns_kokbok.png 1.5x, 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