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navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="te" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3638050">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Sillitoe-red-blue.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ఎరుపు, నీలం బొమ్మ"><img alt="ఎరుపు, నీలం బొమ్మ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sillitoe-red-blue.svg/50px-Sillitoe-red-blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sillitoe-red-blue.svg/75px-Sillitoe-red-blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sillitoe-red-blue.svg/100px-Sillitoe-red-blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="150"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">ఈ వికీపీడియా (పేరుబరి) వ్యాసం గత కాలపు ఆంగ్ల వికీపీడియాలో గల వ్యాసానికి అసమగ్ర అనువాదం. కావున కొన్ని చోట్ల ఎర్రలింకులు కనబడతాయి. ఎర్రలింకులు లేకుండా చూడాలంటే ప్రస్తుత ఆంగ్ల కూర్పుని, భాషల లింకుల ద్వారా చూడండి</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style 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For <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:WikiProject_Fair_use&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:WikiProject Fair use (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:WikiProject Fair use</a>, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:WPFU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:WPFU (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:WPFU</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4286135"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:FUI" redirects here. 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#b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Blue tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/30px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/45px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/60px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>ఈ పేజీ తెలుగు వికీపీడియా <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వర్గం:వికీపీడియా మార్గదర్శకాలు">మార్గదర్శకాన్ని</a> వివరిస్తుంది.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">ఇది సాధారణంగా విస్తృతామోదం పొందిన, అందరూ పాటించదగ్గ ప్రమాణమే అయినప్పటికీ, దీని వాడకంలో <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:What_%22Ignore_all_rules%22_means&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:What "Ignore all rules" means (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">కాలజ్ఞతను, సందర్భ ఔచిత్యాన్నీ ప్రదర్శించే ఇంగితాన్ని</a> పాటించడం ఉత్తమం. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF" title="వికీపీడియా:అన్ని నియమాలను బేఖాతరు చెయ్యండి">కొన్ని మినహాయింపులు</a> వర్తించే అవకాశం ఉంది. ఈ పేజీలో చేసే ముఖ్యమైన మార్పుచేర్పులేమైనా సరే <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%8F%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="వికీపీడియా:ఏకాభిప్రాయం">ఏకాభిప్రాయాన్ని</a> ప్రతిబింబించాలి. సందేహాలేమైనా వస్తే, ముందు <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Non-free_content&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Non-free content (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">దీని చర్చ పేజీలో</a> చర్చించండి.</div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4353687">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:F"></span><span id="WP:NFC"></span><span id="WP:NONFREE"></span><span id="WP:FAIRUSE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3779865">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:F (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:F</a></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFC&redirect=no">WP:NFC</a></span></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NONFREE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NONFREE (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NONFREE</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:FAIRUSE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:FAIRUSE (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:FAIRUSE</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4291646"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice nutshell" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/30px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/45px-Walnut.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>ఈ పేజీ గురించి ఒక్క ముక్కలో:</b> Non-free content can be used in articles only if: <ol><li>Its usage would be considered <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair use">fair use</a> in United States copyright law and also complies with the <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free content criteria">Non-free content criteria</a>;</li> <li>It is used for a purpose that cannot be fulfilled by free material (text or images, existing or to be created); and</li> <li>It has a valid <a 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3589223">.mw-parser-output .help-box{background:#f5faff;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title{background:#cee0f2;font-size:130%;padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;margin-bottom:6px}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#cee0f2;padding:0.1em 0.7em 0.15em}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-content,.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding-top:0.15em}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .help-box{width:auto;max-width:22em}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks help-box noprint plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyrights" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyrights">Wikipedia copyright</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Policy</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyrights" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyrights">Copyright policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyright_violations" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyright violations">Copyright violation policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Reusing_Wikipedia_content" title="వికీపీడియా:Reusing Wikipedia content">Reusing Wikipedia content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License" title="వికీపీడియా:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License">Text of CC BY-SA 3.0 Unported License</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">Text of the GFDL</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Guidelines</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Public_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:Public domain">Public domain content</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Non-free content</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-U.S._copyrights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-U.S. copyrights (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Non-U.S. copyrights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copying_within_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Copying within Wikipedia (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Copying within Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Wikipedia_copyright" title="వర్గం:Wikipedia copyright">Copyright information index</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Processes</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyright_problems" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyright problems">Copyright problems</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Suspected_copyright_violations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Suspected copyright violations (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Suspected copyright violations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Possibly_unfree_files" title="వికీపీడియా:Possibly unfree files">Possibly unfree files</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Contributor_copyright_investigations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Contributor copyright investigations (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Contributor copyright investigations</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Resources</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Copyright_problems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Copyright problems (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">General help</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyright_assistance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyright assistance (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Copyright assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Media_copyright_questions" title="వికీపీడియా:Media copyright questions">Media copyright questions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Requesting_copyright_permission" title="వికీపీడియా:Requesting copyright permission">Requesting copyright permission</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:File_copyright_tags&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:File copyright tags (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">File copyright tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Donating_copyrighted_materials" title="వికీపీడియా:Donating copyrighted materials">Donating copyrighted material</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Text_Copyright_Violations_101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Text Copyright Violations 101 (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Guidance for text-related copyright problems</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3795437"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4294021">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Wikipedia_copyright" title="మూస:Wikipedia copyright"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Wikipedia_copyright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="మూస చర్చ:Wikipedia copyright (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:EditPage/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Wikipedia_copyright" title="ప్రత్యేక:EditPage/మూస:Wikipedia copyright"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Wikipedia's goal is to be a <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_culture_movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free culture movement (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">free content</a></b> encyclopedia, with free content defined as content that does not bear copyright restrictions on the right to redistribute, study, modify and improve, or otherwise use works for <b>any purpose</b> in <b>any medium</b>, even <b>commercially</b>. Any content not satisfying these criteria is said to be <b>non-free</b>. This includes all content (including <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_use_policy" title="వికీపీడియా:Image use policy">images</a>) that is fully <a href="/wiki/Copyright" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright">copyrighted</a>, or which is made available subject to restrictions such as "non-commercial use only" or "for use on Wikipedia only". (Many images that are generally available free of charge may thus still be "non-free" for Wikipedia's purposes.) A full definition can be found at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Definition">http://freedomdefined.org/Definition</a> </p><p>The <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Resolution:Licensing policy">licensing policy</a> of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Wikimedia_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Wikimedia Foundation (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikimedia Foundation</a> requires all content hosted on Wikipedia to be free content; however, there are exceptions. The policy allows projects to adopt an <i>exemption doctrine policy</i> allowing the use of non-free content within strictly defined limitations. Non-free content can be used on Wikipedia in certain cases (for example, in some situations where acquiring a freely licensed image for a particular subject is not possible), but only within the United States legal doctrine of <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair use">fair use</a>, and in accordance with Wikipedia's own non-free content criteria as set out below. The use of non-free content on Wikipedia is therefore subject to <a href="#Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines">purposely stricter standards</a> than those laid down in <a href="/wiki/United_States_copyright_law" class="mw-redirect" title="United States copyright law">U.S. copyright law</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="te" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">విషయాలు</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Policy"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Policy</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Rationale"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Rationale</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Policy_2"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Policy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Enforcement"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Enforcement</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Implementation"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Implementation</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Sourcing"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Sourcing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Image_resolution"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Image resolution</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Guideline_examples"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Guideline examples</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Acceptable_use"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Acceptable use</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Text"><span class="tocnumber">4.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Text</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#Audio_clips"><span class="tocnumber">4.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Audio clips</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#Images"><span class="tocnumber">4.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Images</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Unacceptable_use"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Unacceptable use</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="#Text_2"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Text</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Multimedia"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Multimedia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-13"><a href="#Images_2"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Images</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Non-free_image_use_in_list_articles"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Non-free image use in list articles</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Non-free_image_use_in_galleries_or_tables"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Non-free image use in galleries or tables</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Exemptions"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Exemptions</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Explanation of policy and guidelines</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Background"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Legal_position"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Legal position</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#In_general"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">In general</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="#Applied_to_Wikipedia"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Applied to Wikipedia</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Reporting_inappropriate_use_of_non-free_content"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Reporting inappropriate use of non-free content</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Other_Wikimedia_projects"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Other Wikimedia projects</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Policy" data-mw-thread-id="h-Policy"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Policy"></span>Policy<span class="anchor" id="Policy-1"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Policy"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=1" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Policy"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="messagebox"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/45px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/60px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></a></span> </td> <td><b>This section documents an <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Policies_and_guidelines" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:Policies and guidelines">official policy</a> of Wikipedia.</b> It is considered a standard that all users should follow. Changes made to it should reflect <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Consensus" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:Consensus">consensus</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear: both; width: 99%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding: 3px; background: #F3F9FF; border: 1px solid #8888aa; text-align: left"> <p><b>Transcluded from <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free content criteria">Wikipedia:Non-free content criteria</a>; this is the part of the current page that is official policy </b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3638050"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Sillitoe-red-blue.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ఎరుపు, నీలం బొమ్మ"><img alt="ఎరుపు, నీలం బొమ్మ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sillitoe-red-blue.svg/50px-Sillitoe-red-blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sillitoe-red-blue.svg/75px-Sillitoe-red-blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Sillitoe-red-blue.svg/100px-Sillitoe-red-blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="150"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">ఈ వికీపీడియా (పేరుబరి) వ్యాసం గత కాలపు ఆంగ్ల వికీపీడియాలో గల వ్యాసానికి అసమగ్ర అనువాదం. కావున కొన్ని చోట్ల ఎర్రలింకులు కనబడతాయి. ఎర్రలింకులు లేకుండా చూడాలంటే ప్రస్తుత ఆంగ్ల కూర్పుని, భాషల లింకుల ద్వారా చూడండి</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd><i>As per the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy">March 23, 2007 Wikimedia Foundation Licensing policy resolution</a> this document serves as the <b>Exemption Doctrine Policy</b> for the English Wikipedia.</i></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rationale" data-mw-thread-id="h-Rationale-Policy"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Rationale-Policy"></span>Rationale<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Rationale-Policy"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria&action=edit&section=T-1" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Rationale"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>To support Wikipedia's mission to produce perpetually <a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_content&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free content (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">free content</a> for unlimited distribution, modification and application by all users in all media.</li> <li>To minimize legal exposure by limiting the amount of non-free content, using more narrowly defined criteria than apply under the <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair use">fair use</a> provisions in <a href="/wiki/United_States_copyright_law" class="mw-redirect" title="United States copyright law">United States copyright law</a>.</li> <li>To facilitate the judicious use of non-free content to support the development of a high-quality encyclopedia.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Policy_2" data-mw-thread-id="h-Policy_2-Policy"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Policy_2-Policy"></span>Policy<span class="anchor" id="Policy-2"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Policy_2-Policy"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria&action=edit&section=T-2" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Policy"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFCCP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCCP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCCP (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFCCP</a></li></ul></div></div> <p>There is no automatic entitlement to use non-free content in an article or elsewhere on Wikipedia. Articles and other Wikipedia pages may, in accordance with the guideline, use brief verbatim textual excerpts from copyrighted media, properly attributed or cited to its original source or author, and specifically indicated as direct quotations via quotation marks, <blockquote>, or a similar method. Other non-free content—including all copyrighted images, audio and video clips, and other media files that lack a free content license—may be used on the English Wikipedia only where all 10 of the following criteria are met. </p> <ol><li><span id="FUC1"></span><span id="NFCC1"></span><span id="1"></span><b>No free equivalent.</b> Non-free content is used only where no free equivalent is available, or could be created, that would serve the same encyclopedic purpose. Where possible, non-free content is transformed into free material instead of using a fair-use defense, or replaced with a freer alternative if one of acceptable quality is available; "acceptable quality" means a quality sufficient to serve the encyclopedic purpose. (As a quick test, before adding non-free content requiring a rationale, ask yourself: "Can this non-free content be replaced by a free version that has the same effect?" and "Could the subject be adequately conveyed by properly sourced text without using the non-free content at all?" If the answer to either is yes, the non-free content probably does not meet this criterion.)</li> <li><span id="FUC2"></span><span id="NFCC2"></span><span id="2"></span><b>Respect for commercial opportunities.</b> Non-free content is not used in a manner that is likely to replace the original market role of the original copyrighted media.</li> <li><span id="FUC3"></span><span id="NFCC3"></span><span id="3"></span><b>Minimal usage:</b><ol type="a" style="list-style-type:lower-alpha"><li><span id="FUC3a"></span><span id="NFCC3a"></span><span id="3a"></span><b>Minimal number of items.</b> Multiple items of non-free content are not used if one item can convey equivalent significant information.</li><li><span id="FUC3b"></span><span id="NFCC3b"></span><span id="3b"></span><b>Minimal extent of use</b>. An entire work is not used if a portion will suffice. Low- rather than high-resolution/fidelity/bit rate is used (especially where the original could be used for deliberate copyright infringement). This rule also applies to the copy in the File: namespace.</li></ol></li> <li><span id="FUC4"></span><span id="NFCC4"></span><span id="4"></span><b>Previous publication.</b> Non-free content must have been published or publicly displayed outside Wikipedia.</li> <li><span id="FUC5"></span><span id="NFCC5"></span><span id="5"></span><b>Content.</b> Non-free content meets general Wikipedia content standards and is encyclopedic.</li> <li><span id="FUC6"></span><span id="NFCC6"></span><span id="6"></span><b>Media-specific policy.</b> The material meets Wikipedia's media-specific policy. For example, images must meet <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_use_policy" title="వికీపీడియా:Image use policy">Wikipedia:Image use policy</a>.</li> <li><span id="FUC7"></span><span id="NFCC7"></span><span id="7"></span><b>One-article minimum.</b> Non-free content is <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Orphaned_non-free_use_Wikipedia_files&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Orphaned non-free use Wikipedia files (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">used in at least one article</a>.</li> <li><span id="FUC8"></span><span id="NFCC8"></span><span id="8"></span><b>Contextual significance.</b> Non-free content is used only if its presence would significantly increase readers' understanding of the topic, and its omission would be detrimental to that understanding.</li> <li><span id="FUC9"></span><span id="NFCC9"></span><span id="9"></span><b>Restrictions on location.</b> Non-free content is allowed only in articles (not <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Disambiguation" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:Disambiguation">disambiguation pages</a>), and only in <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Main_namespace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Main namespace (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">article namespace</a>, subject to <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria_exemptions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free content criteria exemptions (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">exemptions</a>. (To prevent an image category from displaying thumbnails, add __NOGALLERY__ to it; images are <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:COLON&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:COLON (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">linked</a>, not inlined, from talk pages when they are a topic of discussion.)</li> <li><span id="FUC10"></span><span id="NFCC10"></span><span id="10"></span><b>Image description page.</b> The image or media description page contains the following:<ol type="a" style="list-style-type:lower-alpha"><li><span id="FUC10a"></span><span id="NFCC10a"></span><span id="10a"></span>Identification of the source of the material, supplemented, where possible, with information about the artist, publisher and copyright holder, and year of copyright; this is to help determine the material's potential market value. <i>See: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Citing_sources#Multimedia" title="వికీపీడియా:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources#Multimedia</a></i>.</li><li><span id="FUC10b"></span><span id="NFCC10b"></span><span id="10b"></span>A copyright tag that indicates which Wikipedia policy provision is claimed to permit the use. <i>For a list of image copyright tags, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_copyright_tags/Non-free_content&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Image copyright tags/Non-free content (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Image copyright tags/Non-free content</a></i>.</li><li><span id="FUC10c"></span><span id="NFCC10c"></span><span id="10c"></span>The name of each article (a link to each article is also recommended) in which fair use is claimed for the item, and a separate, specific non-free use rationale for each use of the item, as explained at <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_use_rationale_guideline" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free use rationale guideline">Wikipedia:Non-free use rationale guideline</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rationale is presented in clear, plain language and is relevant to each use.</li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enforcement" data-mw-thread-id="h-Enforcement-Policy"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Enforcement-Policy"></span>Enforcement<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Enforcement-Policy"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria&action=edit&section=T-3" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Enforcement"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFCCE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCCE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCCE (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFCCE</a></li></ul></div></div> <ul><li>A file with a valid non-free-use rationale for some (but not all) articles it is used in will not be deleted. Instead, the file should be removed from the articles for which it lacks a non-free-use rationale, or a suitable rationale added.</li> <li>A file on which non-free use is claimed that is not used in any article (criterion 7) may be deleted seven days after notification.</li> <li>A file in use in an article and uploaded after 13 July 2006 that does not comply with this policy 48 hours after notification to the uploading editor <i>will be deleted</i>. To avoid deletion, the uploading editor or another Wikipedian will need to provide a convincing non-free-use defense that satisfies all 10 criteria. For a file in use in an article that was uploaded before 13 July 2006, the 48-hour period is extended to seven days. <ul><li>Note that it is the duty of users seeking to include or retain content to provide a valid rationale; those seeking to remove or delete it are not required to show that one cannot be created—see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophic_burden_of_proof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophic burden of proof (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">burden of proof</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Deletion criteria for non-free content are specified in <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:CSD#Files" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:CSD">Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Footnotes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Footnotes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Footnotes"></span>Footnotes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Footnotes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_criteria&action=edit&section=T-4" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Footnotes"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4300226">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A redirect pointing to the page where the non-free content is intended to be used is acceptable as the article name in the non-free use rationale.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Implementation" data-mw-thread-id="h-Implementation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Implementation"></span><span class="anchor" id="Tagging_fair_use_image_files"></span> Implementation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Implementation"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=2" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Implementation"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The implementation of the non-free content criteria is done by having two specific elements on the non-free media's <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_description_page&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Image description page (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">description page</a>: </p> <dl><dt>A copyright license template</dt> <dd>The copyright license template identifies the type of copyright that the original work is under license. This is necessary to demonstrate that the image complies with United States fair use laws.</dd> <dd>You can find a list of these copyright license templates at <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:File_copyright_tags/Non-free&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:File copyright tags/Non-free (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:File copyright tags/Non-free</a>.</dd> <dt>A non-free rationale</dt> <dd>The rationale to use the image is necessary to show that the non-free content criteria has been met. The rationale should address all ten points of <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">WP:NFCC</a>. Template versions to generate such rationales do exist, and include: <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Non-free_use_rationale" title="మూస:Non-free use rationale">Non-free use rationale</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> - A generic template applicable for any non-free media.</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Non-free_use_rationale_2" title="మూస:Non-free use rationale 2">Non-free use rationale 2</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> - An alternative template to the above.</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Non-free_use_rationale_logo" title="మూస:Non-free use rationale logo">Non-free use rationale logo</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> - A rationale template for logos, assuming they are being used as a header image (standalone or infobox) for the entity the logo represents.</li></ul></dd> <dd>Several other boilerplate rationale templates can be found at <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Non-free_use_rationale_templates" title="వర్గం:Non-free use rationale templates">Category:Non-free use rationale templates</a>, but editors are cautioned that these are generally tenuous in terms of supporting <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC#8" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">WP:NFCC#8</a>, and are encouraged to improve upon rationales if they can do so. You are not required to use the template forms, but whatever form you chose needs to clearly address all 10 points in <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">WP:NFCC</a>.</dd> <dd>It is important to remember that <b>a non-free rationale is needed for <i>each</i> use of the image on Wikipedia.</b> If the image is used in two separate articles, two separate rationales are needed, unique for both articles.</dd></dl> <p>Both the license and the rationale need to be included on the non-free media <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_description_page&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Image description page (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">description page</a>. The standard upload tool for Wikipedia will ask you enough questions during the process to fill in both the license and rationale for you, thus simplifying the process. If they are added manually, with or with the help of a template, it is recommended to put the rationale and license under separate sections "Rationale" and "Licensing" respectively. </p><p>Failure to include a licensing template, or a rationale that clearly identifies each article the media file is used in, will lead to the media file being deleted within 7 days after being tagged with warning messages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sourcing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Sourcing-Implementation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Sourcing-Implementation"></span>Sourcing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Sourcing-Implementation"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=3" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Sourcing"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While identifying a source is not specifically required by the non-free content policy, editors are strongly encouraged to include a source of where a non-free file came from on the media's <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_description_page&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Image description page (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">description page</a>; many of the non-free rationale templates already include a field for this information. This can aid in the cases of disputed media files, or evaluating the non-free or free nature of the image. Lacking a source is not grounds for media removal, but if the nature of the media file is disputed, the lack of a source may prevent the file from being retained. Non-free media must be from a published source; the unpublished non-free media is forbidden. Identification of the source will aid in validating the previous publication of the material. </p><p>The source information should be sufficiently complete to allow any editor to validate that material. While completeness is not required, editors are encouraged to provide as much source information as they can. Some ways to source media files include: </p> <dl><dt>Scanned images</dt> <dd>Identifying the published work, page numbers, and the copyright owner</dd> <dt>Screenshots and video clips</dt> <dd>Identifying the movie, television show, or other video source, its copyright owner, and the approximate timestamp where the shot or clip was taken</dd> <dt>Images from the Internet</dt> <dd>Identifying the URL of the image itself or web page hosting the image, and the image's copyright owner (not necessarily the same as the website's).</dd> <dt>Music samples</dt> <dd>Identifying the album, artist, track number, and approximate time stamp of the sample.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Image_resolution" data-mw-thread-id="h-Image_resolution-Implementation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Image_resolution-Implementation"></span>Image resolution<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Image_resolution-Implementation"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=4" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Image resolution"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:Image_resolution"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_resolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Image resolution (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:Image resolution</a></li></ul></div></div> <p>There is no firm guideline on allowable resolutions for non-free content; images should be rescaled as small as possible to still be useful as identified by their rationale, and no larger. This metric is very qualitative, and thus difficult to enforce. Some legal proceedings have <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Fair_use/Definition_of_%22low_resolution%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Fair use/Definition of "low resolution" (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">discussed the issue</a>, but are inconclusive here. </p><p>At the low pixel count end of the range, most common pictorial needs can be met with an image containing no more than about 100,000 pixels (0.1 megapixels), obtained by multiplying the horizontal and vertical pixel dimensions of an image. This allows, for example, images with a 4:3 aspect ratio to be shown at 320 x 240 pixels (common for screenshots from TV, films, and videogames), while allowing common <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cover_art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cover art (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">cover art</a> to be shown at 250 x 400 pixels. To scale an image down to a specific number of pixels, use this formula: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\text{new width}}=\left\lfloor {\sqrt {\tfrac {{\text{target pixel count}}\times {\text{original width}}}{\text{original height}}}}\right\rfloor }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>new width</mtext> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>⌊</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>target pixel count</mtext> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>original width</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> <mtext>original height</mtext> </mfrac> </mstyle> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>⌋</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\text{new width}}=\left\lfloor {\sqrt {\tfrac {{\text{target pixel count}}\times {\text{original width}}}{\text{original height}}}}\right\rfloor }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33da2bd377db4fe4bbfa54961acf0fc83c9bb0ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:43.64ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\text{new width}}=\left\lfloor {\sqrt {\tfrac {{\text{target pixel count}}\times {\text{original width}}}{\text{original height}}}}\right\rfloor }"/></span></dd></dl> <p>or use <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toolserver.org/~jbarta/resize.html">this tool</a> to compute it for you. </p><p>At the extreme high end of the range, non-free images where one dimension exceeds 1,000 pixels, or where the pixel count approaches 1 megapixel, will very likely require a close review to verify that the image needs that level of resolution. Editors should ensure that the image rationale fully explains the need for such a level of detail. </p><p>An original, high resolution image (that can be reasonably scaled down to maintain overall artistic and critical details) may lose some text detail. In such cases, that text should be duplicated on the image description page. Care should be given to the recreation of copyrighted text: while it is appropriate for credits from a movie poster as factual data, such duplication would not be appropriate for an original poem embedded within an image. </p><p>If a small area of a large image needs high resolution to see details that are discussed in the article text, it may be better to crop the section to show the critical portion at a higher resolution, than to try to reduce the full image. If cropping is performed, editors should indicate the original source of the image and what modifications were made. </p><p>If you believe an image is oversized, either re-upload a new version at the same file location, or tag the image file page with a <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Non-free_reduce" title="మూస:Non-free reduce">Non-free reduce</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template, which will place it in a <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Wikipedia_non-free_file_size_reduction_requests&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Wikipedia non-free file size reduction requests (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">maintenance category</a> to be reduced by volunteers or a bot like <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF:DASHBot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వాడుకరి:DASHBot (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">User:DASHBot</a>. </p><p>Note that these guidelines apply to the resolution as stored on the image file page; the reuse of these images in mainspace should follow the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:MOSIMAGES&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:MOSIMAGES (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Manual of Style for image use</a>, such as deferring to default thumbnail size to allow the end-user control of the image display. </p><p>Both non-free audio and video file have more explicit metrics for low resolution, which can be found at <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:CMF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:CMF (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Creating Media Files</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Guideline_examples" data-mw-thread-id="h-Guideline_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Guideline_examples"></span>Guideline examples<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Guideline_examples"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=5" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Guideline examples"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFCCEG"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCCEG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCCEG (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFCCEG</a></li></ul></div></div> <p><span id="Acceptable_use"><span id="Examples_of_acceptable_use"> Non-free content that meets all of the <i>policy</i> criteria above but does not fall under one of the designated categories below may or may not be allowable, depending on what the material is and how it is used. These examples are not meant to be exhaustive, and depending on the situation there are exceptions. When in doubt as to whether non-free content may be included, please make a judgement based on the spirit of the policy, not necessarily the exact wording. If you want help in assessing whether a use is acceptable, please ask at <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Media_copyright_questions" title="వికీపీడియా:Media copyright questions">Wikipedia:Media copyright questions</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Copyrights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Copyrights (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia talk:Copyrights</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Copyright_problems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Copyright problems (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia talk:Copyright problems</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Non-free_content&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Non-free content (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia talk:Non-free content</a> may also be useful. These are places where those who understand copyright law and Wikipedia policy are likely to be watching. </span></span></p> <dl><dd><i>See also:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Wikipedia_Signpost/2008-09-22/Dispatches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Wikipedia Signpost/2008-09-22/Dispatches (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2008-09-22/Dispatches</a>, a guide to evaluating the acceptability of non-free images.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acceptable_use" data-mw-thread-id="h-Acceptable_use-Guideline_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Acceptable_use-Guideline_examples"></span>Acceptable use<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Acceptable_use-Guideline_examples"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=6" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Acceptable use"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following cases are a non-exhaustive list of established examples of acceptable use of non-free media on Wikipedia. Note that the use of such media must still comply with the <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">Non-free content criteria</a> and provide rationales and licensing information. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Text-Acceptable_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Text-Acceptable_use"></span>Text<span class="anchor" id="Acceptable_use_of_text"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Text-Acceptable_use"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=7" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Text"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brief <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quotation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quotation (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">quotation</a>s of copyrighted text may be used to illustrate a point, establish context, or attribute a point of view or idea. In all cases, a citation is required. Copyrighted text that is used verbatim must be attributed with quotation marks or other standard notation, such as block quotes. Any alterations must be clearly marked, i.e., [brackets] for added text, an ellipsis (...) for removed text, and emphasis noted after the quotation as "(emphasis added)" or "(emphasis in the original)". Extensive quotation of copyrighted text is prohibited. Please see both <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:QUOTE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:QUOTE (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:QUOTE</a> for use and formatting issues in using quotations, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:MOSQUOTE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:MOSQUOTE (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:MOSQUOTE</a> for style guidelines related to quoting. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Audio_clips" data-mw-thread-id="h-Audio_clips-Acceptable_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Audio_clips-Acceptable_use"></span>Audio clips<span class="anchor" id="Acceptable_use_of_audio_clips"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Audio_clips-Acceptable_use"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=8" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Audio clips"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All non-free audio files must meet each of the <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">non-free content criteria</a>; failure to meet those overrides any acceptable allowance here. Advice for preparing non-free audio files for Wikipedia can be found at <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Music_samples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Music samples (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Music samples</a>. The following list is non-inclusive but contains the most common cases where non-free audio samples may be used. </p> <ol><li>Music clips may be used to identify a musical style, group, or iconic piece of music when accompanied by appropriate sourced commentary and attributed to the copyright holder. Samples should generally not be longer than 30 seconds or 10% of the length of the original song, whichever is shorter (see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Music_samples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Music samples (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Music samples</a>).</li> <li>Spoken word clips of historical events, such as speeches by public figures, may be used when accompanied by appropriate sourced commentary and attributed to the speaker/author.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Images" data-mw-thread-id="h-Images-Acceptable_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Images-Acceptable_use"></span>Images<span class="anchor" id="Acceptable_use_of_images"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Images-Acceptable_use"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=9" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Images"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFCI"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCI (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFCI</a></li></ul></div></div> <p>Some non-free images may be used on Wikipedia, providing they meet both the legal criteria for fair use, and Wikipedia's own guidelines for non-free content. Non-free images that reasonably can be replaced by free/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Libre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libre (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">libre</a> images are not suitable for Wikipedia. All non-free images must still meet each <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">non-free content criterion</a>; failure to meet those overrides any acceptable allowance here. The following list is not exhaustive but contains the most common cases where non-free images may be used. </p> <ol><li><b>Cover art:</b> Cover art from various items, for visual identification <i>only in the context of</i> critical commentary <i>of that item</i> (not for identification <i>without</i> critical commentary).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Team and corporate logos:</b> For identification. See <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Logos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Logos (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Logos</a>.</li> <li><b>Stamps and currency:</b> For identification of the stamp or currency, <i>not</i> the subjects depicted on it.</li> <li><b>Other promotional material:</b> Posters, programs, billboards, ads. For critical commentary.</li> <li><b>Video screenshots:</b> For critical commentary and discussion of the work in question. (i.e., films, television programs, and music videos)</li> <li><b>Screenshots from software products:</b> For critical commentary.</li> <li><b>Paintings and other works of visual art:</b> For critical commentary, including images illustrative of a particular technique or school.</li> <li><span id="Iconic"><b>Images with iconic status or historical importance:</b> Iconic or historical images that are themselves the subject of sourced commentary in the article are generally appropriate. Iconic and historical images which are not subject of commentary themselves but significantly aid in illustrating historical events may be used judiciously, but they must meet all aspects of <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">the non-free content criteria</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC#1" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">no free alternatives</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC#2" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">respect for commercial opportunity</a>, and <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFCC#8" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:NFCC">contextual significance</a>.</span></li> <li><span id="NotableImages"><b>Images that are themselves subject of commentary</b>.</span></li> <li><span id="Counterexamples"><span id="Examples_of_unacceptable_use"><b>Pictures of deceased persons, in articles about that person, provided that ever obtaining a free close substitute is not reasonably likely.</b></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unacceptable_use" data-mw-thread-id="h-Unacceptable_use-Guideline_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Unacceptable_use-Guideline_examples"></span>Unacceptable use<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Unacceptable_use-Guideline_examples"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=10" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Unacceptable use"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a non-exhaustive list of examples where non-free content may not be used outside of the noted exceptions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Text_2" data-mw-thread-id="h-Text_2-Unacceptable_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Text_2-Unacceptable_use"></span>Text<span class="anchor" id="Unacceptable_use_of_text"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Text_2-Unacceptable_use"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=11" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Text"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Unattributed pieces of text from a copyrighted source.</li> <li>Excessively long copyrighted excerpts.</li> <li>All copyrighted text poses legal problems when making spoken word audio files from Wikipedia articles, and should be avoided in such files, because the resulting audio file cannot be licensed under the GFDL.</li> <li>A complete or partial recreation of "Top 100" or similar lists where the list has been selected in a creative manner. Articles on individual elements from such lists can discuss their inclusion in these lists. Complete lists based on factual data, such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_films&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of highest-grossing films (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">List of highest-grossing films</a>, are appropriate to include.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lists that have acceptable free licensing (as with <a href="/w/index.php?title=AFI_100_Years..._series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AFI 100 Years... series (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">AFI 100 Years... series</a>) may be reproduced in their entirety as long as proper citations and sourcing are included.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Multimedia" data-mw-thread-id="h-Multimedia-Unacceptable_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Multimedia-Unacceptable_use"></span>Multimedia<span class="anchor" id="Unacceptable_use_of_multimedia"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Multimedia-Unacceptable_use"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=12" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Multimedia"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Excessive quantities of short audio clips in a single article. A small number may be appropriate if each is accompanied by commentary in the accompanying text.</li> <li>A long audio excerpt, to illustrate a stylistic feature of a contemporary band; see above for acceptable limits.</li> <li>A short video excerpt from a contemporary film, without sourced commentary in the accompanying text.</li></ol> <p>The use of non-free media (whether images, audio or video clips) in galleries, discographies, and navigational and user-interface elements generally fails the test for significance (criterion #8). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Images_2" data-mw-thread-id="h-Images_2-Unacceptable_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Images_2-Unacceptable_use"></span>Images<span class="anchor" id="Unacceptable_use_of_images"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Images_2-Unacceptable_use"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=13" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Images"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="UUI"></span><span class="anchor" id="unacceptable_use_images_of_living_people"></span><span class="anchor" id="UULP"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"></p><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFC#UUI"></span><span id="WP:NFC#UULP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFC&redirect=no#UUI">WP:NFC#UUI</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFC&redirect=no#UULP">WP:NFC#UULP</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ol><li>Pictures of people still alive, groups still active, and buildings still standing; provided that taking a new free picture as a replacement (which is almost always considered possible) would serve the same encyclopedic purpose as the non-free image. This includes non-free promotional images. <dl><dd><i>However, for some retired or disbanded groups, or retired individuals whose notability rests in large part on their earlier visual appearance, a new picture may not serve the same purpose as an image taken during their career, in which case the use would be acceptable.</i></dd></dl></li> <li>An album cover as part of a discography, as per the above.</li> <li>A rose, cropped from a record album, to illustrate an article on roses.</li> <li>A map, scanned or traced from an atlas, to illustrate the region depicted. Use may be appropriate if the map itself is a proper subject for commentary in the article: for example, a controversial map of a disputed territory, if the controversy is discussed in the article.</li> <li>An image whose subject happens to be a war, to illustrate an article on the war. Use may be appropriate if the image itself is a proper subject for commentary in the article: for example, an iconic image that has received attention in its own right, if the image is discussed in the article.</li> <li>An image to illustrate an article passage about the image, if the image has its own article (in which case the image may be described and a link provided to the article about the image)</li> <li>A photo from a press or photo agency (e.g., <a href="/w/index.php?title=Associated_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Associated Press (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">AP</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Corbis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corbis (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Corbis</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Getty_Images&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Getty Images (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Getty Images</a>), unless the photo itself is the subject of sourced commentary in the article.</li> <li>A Barry Bonds baseball card, to illustrate the article on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Bonds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barry Bonds (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Barry Bonds</a>. The use may be appropriate to illustrate a passage on <i>the card itself</i>; see the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Billy_Ripken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Billy Ripken (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Billy Ripken</a> article.</li> <li>A magazine or book cover, to illustrate the article on the person whose photograph is on the cover. However, if the cover itself is the subject of sourced discussion in the article, it may be appropriate if placed inline next to the commentary. Similarly, a photo of a copyrighted statue (assuming there is no <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_of_panorama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom of panorama (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">freedom of panorama</a> in the country where the statue was when the photo was taken) can only be used to discuss the statue itself, not the subject of it.</li> <li>An image with an unknown or unverifiable origin. This does not apply to historical images, where sometimes only secondary sources are known, as the ultimate source of some historical images may never be known with certainty.</li> <li>A chart or graph. These can almost always be recreated from the original data.</li> <li>A commercial photograph reproduced in high enough resolution to potentially undermine the ability of the copyright holder to profit from the work.</li> <li>Board or card game artwork and photos where the game itself is shown more than <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_minimis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De minimis (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">de minimis</a></i>; such images can nearly always be replaced by a free <i>de minimis</i> photograph of the game's layout while it is being played. Exceptions are made for parts of a board or card games that have received critical commentary.</li> <li>A logo of a perennial event (or of its sponsoring company), used to illustrate an article about a specific instance of that event. If each instance has its own logo, such specific logos remain acceptable.</li> <li>An image of a newspaper article or other publication that contains long legible sections of copyrighted text. If the text is important as a source or quotation, it should be worked into the article in text form with the article cited as a source.</li> <li>A publicity image of a commercial product released by its manufacturer, if the product has already been sold or displayed to the public in such a way that free photographs of it could be taken.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-free_image_use_in_list_articles" data-mw-thread-id="h-Non-free_image_use_in_list_articles-Guideline_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Non-free_image_use_in_list_articles-Guideline_examples"></span>Non-free image use in list articles<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Non-free_image_use_in_list_articles-Guideline_examples"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=14" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Non-free image use in list articles"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFLISTS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFLISTS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFLISTS (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFLISTS</a></li></ul></div></div> <p>In articles and sections of articles that consist of several small sections of information for a series of elements common to a topic, such as a list of characters in a fictional work, non-free images should be used judiciously to present the key visual aspects of the topic. It is inadvisable to provide a non-free image for each entry in such an article or section. The following considerations should be made to reduce the number of new non-free images associated with such lists: </p> <ol><li>Images that show multiple elements of the list at the same time, such as a cast shot or montage for a television show, are strongly preferred over individual images. Such an image should be provided by the copyright holder or scanned/captured directly from the copyrighted work, instead of being created from multiple non-free images by the user directly (as the "extent" of use is determined by the number and resolution of non-free <i>images</i>, and not the number of <i>files</i>.)</li> <li>Images which are discussed in detail in the context of the article body, such as a discussion of the art style, or a contentious element of the work, are preferable to those that simply provide visual identification of the elements.</li> <li>An image that provides a representative visual reference for other elements in the article, such as what an alien race may look like on a science-fiction television show, is preferred over providing a picture of each element discussed.</li> <li>If another non-free image of an element of an article is used elsewhere within Wikipedia, referring to its other use is preferred over repeating its use on the list and/or including a new, separate, non-free image. If duplicating the use of a non-free image, please be aware that a separate non-free fair use rationale must be supplied for the image for the new use.</li> <li>For media that involves live actors, do not supply an image of the actor in their role if an appropriate free image of the actor exists on their page (as per <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:BLP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:BLP (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:BLP</a> and above), if there is little difference in appearance between actor and role. However, if there is a significant difference due to age or makeup and costuming, then, when needed, it may be appropriate to include a non-free image to demonstrate the role of the actor in that media.</li> <li>Barring the above, images that are used only to visually identify elements in the article should be used as sparingly as possible. Consider restricting such uses to major characters and elements or those that cannot be described easily in text, as agreed to by editor consensus.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-free_image_use_in_galleries_or_tables" data-mw-thread-id="h-Non-free_image_use_in_galleries_or_tables-Guideline_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Non-free_image_use_in_galleries_or_tables-Guideline_examples"></span>Non-free image use in galleries or tables<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Non-free_image_use_in_galleries_or_tables-Guideline_examples"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=15" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Non-free image use in galleries or tables"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span id="Non-free_image_use_in_galleries"></span> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4353687"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NFG"></span><span id="WP:NFTABLE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Shortcut" title="వికీపీడియా:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3779865"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFG (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFG</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:NFTABLE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:NFTABLE (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">WP:NFTABLE</a></li></ul></div></div> <p>The use of non-free images arranged in a <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Gallery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Gallery (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">gallery</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Table&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Table (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">tabular</a> format is usually unacceptable, but should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Exceptions should be very well-justified and alternate forms of presentation (including with fewer images) strongly considered. </p><p>In categories that include non-free content, MediaWiki's __NOGALLERY__ code should be used to disable the display of the content while still listing it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exemptions" data-mw-thread-id="h-Exemptions-Guideline_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Exemptions-Guideline_examples"></span>Exemptions<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Exemptions-Guideline_examples"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=16" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Exemptions"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Exemptions from non-free content policy are made for the use of non-free content on certain administrative, non-article space pages as necessary to creating or managing the encyclopedia, specifically for those that are used to manage questionable non-free content. Those pages that are exempt are listed in <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Wikipedia_non-free_content_criteria_exemptions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Wikipedia non-free content criteria exemptions (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Category:Wikipedia non-free content criteria exemptions</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines" data-mw-thread-id="h-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"></span>Explanation of policy and guidelines<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=17" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Explanation of policy and guidelines"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background" data-mw-thread-id="h-Background-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Background-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"></span>Background<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Background-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=18" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Background"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Free" content is defined as that which meets the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Definition">"Definition of Free Cultural Works"</a>. </p><p>Material that is not free is permitted only if it meets the restrictions of this policy. This has been explicitly declared since May 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mission_statement" class="extiw" title="wmf:Mission statement">stated mission</a> of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Wikimedia_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Wikimedia Foundation (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikimedia Foundation</a>, which supports Wikipedia servers and software, is "to empower and engage people around the world to collect and develop educational content under a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:free_content" class="extiw" title="w:en:free content">free license</a> or in the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and globally." These concerns are embodied in the above requirements that all non-free content must meet, and our policy of <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:CSD#Images.2FMedia" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:CSD">deleting non-compliant content</a>. Being generous to the world sometimes means being hard on ourselves. Please understand that these rules are not arbitrary; they are central to our mission. </p><p>Wikipedia distributes content throughout the world with no restrictions on how people use it. Legally, we could use any copyrighted material for ourselves that is either licensed to us by the owner, or that fits the definition of "fair use" under US copyright law. However, we favor content that everyone can use, not just Wikipedia. We want them to be free to use, redistribute, or modify the content, for any purpose, without significant legal restrictions, particularly those of <a href="/wiki/Copyright" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright">copyright</a>. </p><p>To honor its mission, Wikipedia accepts incoming copyright licenses only if they meet Wikipedia's definition of "free" use. This is a higher standard than we would need just for our own use. But our ability to use a work does not guarantee that others may use it. We reject licenses that limit use exclusively to Wikipedia or for non-commercial purposes. Commercial use is a complex issue that goes well beyond a company's for-profit status, another reason to be careful. In fact, we reject any licenses with significant limitations. That is not free enough. </p><p>Similarly, Wikipedia imposes higher fair-use standards on itself than U.S. copyright law. There are some works, such as important photographs, significant modern artworks, that we cannot realistically expect to be released under a free content license, but that are hard to discuss in an educational context without including examples from the media itself. In other cases such as cover art / product packaging, a non-free work is needed to discuss a related subject. This policy allows such material to be used if it meet U.S. legal tests for fair use, but we impose additional limitations. Just because something is "fair use" on a Wikipedia article in the US <i>does not</i> mean it is fair use in another context. A downstream user's commercial use of content in a commercial setting may be illegal even if our noncommercial use is legal. Use in another country with different fair use and fair dealing laws may be illegal as well. That would fail our mission. We therefore limit the media content we offer, to make sure what we do offer has the widest possible legal distribution. </p><p>We do not want downstream re-users to rely solely on our assurances. They are liable for their own actions, no matter what we tell them. We therefore <i>show</i> them and let them make their own decision. To that end we require a copyright tag describing the nature of a copyrighted work, sourcing material saying exactly where any non-free content comes from, and a detailed <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_media_rationale_guideline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free media rationale guideline (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">non-free media rationale</a> for every use of copyrighted content in every article, justifying why use in that article is permitted. </p><p>A further goal of minimizing licensed and fair-use material is to encourage creation of original new content, rather than relying on borrowed content that comes with restrictions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_position" data-mw-thread-id="h-Legal_position-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Legal_position-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"></span>Legal position<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Legal_position-Explanation_of_policy_and_guidelines"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=19" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Legal position"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_general" data-mw-thread-id="h-In_general-Legal_position"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-In_general-Legal_position"></span>In general<span data-mw-comment-end="h-In_general-Legal_position"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=20" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: In general"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/United_States_copyright_law" class="mw-redirect" title="United States copyright law">United States copyright law</a>, creative works published in the United States prior to 1923 are in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. Some creative works published in the United States between 1923 and 1963 are still copyrighted. It is illegal (among other things) to reproduce or make <a href="/w/index.php?title=Derivative_works&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derivative works (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">derivative works</a> of copyrighted works without legal justification.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unless a thorough search is conducted to determine that a copyright has expired or not been renewed, it should be regarded as copyrighted.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Certain works have no copyright at all. Most material <a href="/w/index.php?title=Publication&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Publication (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)"> published</a> in the United States before 1923, works published before 1978 without a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Copyright_notice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copyright notice (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">copyright notice</a>, with an expired copyright term, or produced by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_the_United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Government of the United States (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)"> U.S. federal government</a>, among others, is <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Public domain">public domain</a>, i.e., has no copyright. Some such as photos and scans of 2-dimensional objects and other "slavish reproductions", short text phrases, typographic logos, and product designs, do not have a sufficient degree of creativity apart from their functional aspects to have a copyright. </p><p>Copyright law only governs creative expressions that are "fixed in a tangible medium of expression," not the ideas or information behind the works. It is legal to reformulate ideas based on written texts, or create images or recordings inspired by others, as long as there is no copying (see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plagiarism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plagiarism (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">plagiarism</a> for how much reformulation is necessary). </p><p>If material does have a copyright, it may only be copied or distributed under a license (permission) from the copyright holder, or under the doctrine of <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair use">fair use</a>. If there is a valid license, the user must stay within the scope of the license (which may include limitations on amount of use, geographic or business territory, time period, nature of use, etc.). Fair use, by contrast, is a limited right to use copyrighted works without permission, highly dependent on the specific circumstances of the work and the use in question. It is a doctrine incorporated as a clause in United States copyright code, arising out of a concern that strict application of copyright law would limit criticism, commentary, scholarship, and other important <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_of_speech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom of speech (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">free speech</a> rights. A comparable concept of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fair_dealing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fair dealing (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">fair dealing</a> exists in some other countries, where standards may vary. </p><p>Anything published 1923 or later in other countries and still copyrighted there, is typically also copyrighted in the United States. See <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-U.S._copyrights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-U.S. copyrights (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Non-U.S. copyrights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Please_clarify&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Please clarify (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)"><span title="Which works are ineligible for copyright in the United States? (December 2012)">విడమరచి రాయాలి</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Applied_to_Wikipedia" data-mw-thread-id="h-Applied_to_Wikipedia-Legal_position"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Applied_to_Wikipedia-Legal_position"></span>Applied to Wikipedia<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Applied_to_Wikipedia-Legal_position"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=21" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Applied to Wikipedia"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Never use materials that infringe the copyrights of others. This could create legal liabilities and seriously hurt the project. </p><p>Uploading an image file, audio or video file, or text quotation into Wikipedia, and adding that file to a project page, both raise copyright concerns. Editors who do either must make sure their contributions are legal. If there is any doubt as to legality, ask others for help, try to find a free equivalent, or use your own words to make the same point. Also, consider asking the copyright holder to release the work under an appropriate <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License" title="వికీపీడియా:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License">Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License</a> (CC-BY-SA) or a CC-BY-SA-compatible license (dual-licensing under a <a href="/wiki/GFDL" class="mw-redirect" title="GFDL">GFDL</a> license is also possible). See <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Boilerplate_request_for_permission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Boilerplate request for permission (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Boilerplate request for permission</a> for a sample form letter. </p><p>If a work has no copyright or is licensed to Wikipedia under an acceptable "free" license, it is a free work and may be used on Wikipedia without copyright concerns. See <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Public domain">public domain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copyright" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyright">copyright</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copyright.cornell.edu/training/Hirtle_Public_Domain.htm">Cornell University's guide to copyright terms</a> for discussion of works that are not covered by copyright. Also see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_license&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free license (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">free license</a> regarding free licenses and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Image_copyright_tags/Free_licenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Image copyright tags/Free licenses (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Image copyright tags/Free licenses</a> for a list of copyright tags for these works. Restricted licenses to these works offer some legal rights, but Wikipedia ignores them because they are not free enough for its purposes. Instead, works covered by inadequate licenses are treated the same on Wikipedia as works with no licenses at all. </p><p>If a work is not free, Wikipedia requires that it comply with Wikipedia's non-free use policy. As explained above, this policy is more restrictive than US law requires. Logically, material that satisfies the policy should also satisfy legal requirements as well. However, to be more certain of avoiding legal liability, and to understand the meaning of Wikipedia policy, editors should consider the legal rules as well. See <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair use">fair use</a> for further information, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-c.html">the Stanford University summary</a> of relevant cases, on the subject of fair use. </p><p>Non-free material is used only if, in addition to other restrictions, we firmly believe that the use would be deemed fair use if we were taken to court. The Wikimedia Foundation reserves the right to remove unfree copyrighted content at any time. Note that citation sources and external links raise other copyright concerns that are addressed in other policies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Reporting_inappropriate_use_of_non-free_content" data-mw-thread-id="h-Reporting_inappropriate_use_of_non-free_content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Reporting_inappropriate_use_of_non-free_content"></span>Reporting inappropriate use of non-free content<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Reporting_inappropriate_use_of_non-free_content"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=22" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Reporting inappropriate use of non-free content"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Possibly inappropriate uses of non-free content can be reported and discussed at <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content_review" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free content review">Wikipedia:Non-free content review</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Other_Wikimedia_projects" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other_Wikimedia_projects"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other_Wikimedia_projects"></span>Other Wikimedia projects<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other_Wikimedia_projects"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=23" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: Other Wikimedia projects"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This policy is specific to the English language Wikipedia. Other Wikimedia projects, including Wikipedias in other languages, may have different policies on non-free content. A list of some of the projects and their policies on fair use <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fair_use" class="extiw" title="m:Fair use">can be read at Wikimedia Meta-wiki</a>. Specific information about different language versions of Wikipedia and their rules on fair use <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Images_on_Wikipedia" class="extiw" title="m:Images on Wikipedia">can also been seen at Meta</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=24" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: See also"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Resolution:Licensing policy">Foundation:Resolution:Licensing policy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF:R._Baley/Free_photo_essay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వాడుకరి:R. Baley/Free photo essay (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Requesting a free photo</a> — "How-To" guide for acquiring free images (5 steps). More useful for novice editors still gaining experience with copyright licenses and uploading free images.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Basic_copyright_issues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Basic copyright issues (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Basic copyright issues</a> — An essay explaining the rationale behind the fair use policy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyright_FAQ" class="mw-redirect" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyright FAQ">Wikipedia:Copyright FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyright_problems" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyright problems">Wikipedia:Copyright problems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Copyrights" title="వికీపీడియా:Copyrights">Wikipedia:Copyrights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Media_copyright_questions" title="వికీపీడియా:Media copyright questions">Wikipedia:Media copyright questions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Deletion_of_all_fair_use_images_of_living_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Deletion of all fair use images of living people (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Deletion of all fair use images of living people</a> (historical page)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Example_requests_for_permission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Example requests for permission (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Example requests for permission</a>: how to ask a rights holder for free use of existing materials</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Removal_of_fair_use_images&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Removal of fair use images (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Removal of fair use images</a> — An essay regarding the removal of images from user and template spaces</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Wikipedia_Signpost/2008-09-22/Dispatches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Wikipedia Signpost/2008-09-22/Dispatches (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2008-09-22/Dispatches</a> - Wikipedia Signpost article surveying non-free use policy</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:History_of_non-free_content_policies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:History of non-free content policies (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:History of non-free content policies</a> - Survey of the development of the present NFC policy</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Arguments_to_avoid_in_image_deletion_discussions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Arguments to avoid in image deletion discussions (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Arguments to avoid in image deletion discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:WikiProject_Comics/copyright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:WikiProject Comics/copyright (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:WikiProject Comics/copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:WikiProject_Fair_use&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:WikiProject Fair use (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:WikiProject Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Quotations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Quotations (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Quotations#Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Veganism_parable&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Veganism parable (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Veganism parable</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Plain_and_simple_non-free_content_guide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Plain and simple non-free content guide (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia:Plain and simple non-free content guide</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=25" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: References"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">NFCI#1 relates to the use of cover art within articles whose main subject is the work associated with the cover. Within such articles, the cover art implicitly satisfies the "contextual significance" NFCC criterion (NFCC#8) by virtue of the marketing, branding, and identification information that the cover conveys. The same rationale does not usually apply when the work is described in other articles, such as articles about the author or musician; in such articles, the NFCC criteria typically require that the cover art itself be significantly discussed within the article. For historical information, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content/Cover_art_RfC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా:Non-free content/Cover art RfC (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">RfC Jan 2011</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Non-free_content/Archive_57&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Non-free content/Archive 57 (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">RfC Sep 2012</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A:Non-free_content/Archive_58&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వికీపీడియా చర్చ:Non-free content/Archive 58 (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">RfC Dec 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Wikimedia Foundation's associate counsel advised in March 2011 that while the courts have not firmly established precedence on the matter, polls are likely to be protectable as well because the parameters of the survey are chosen by those who conduct the polls and the selection of respondents indicates "at least some creativity." She recommended using polls in accordance with fair use principles, reminding that "Merely republishing them without any commentary or transformation is not fair use." She also recommends that the use of even uncopyrightable lists be considered with regards to licensing agreements that may "bind the user/reader from republishing the list/survey results without permission", noting that "Absent a license agreement, you may still run afoul of state unfair competition and/or misappropriation laws if you take a substantial portion of the list or survey results."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2005-May/023760.html">May 19, 2005 statement</a> by <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF:Jimbo_Wales" title="వాడుకరి:Jimbo Wales">Jimbo Wales</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"A 1961 Copyright Office study found that fewer than 15% of all registered copyrights were renewed. For books, the figure was even lower: 7%. Barbara Ringer, "Study No. 31: Renewal of Copyright" (1960) "Study No. 31: Renewal of Copyright" (1960), reprinted in Library of Congress Copyright Office. Copyright law revision: Studies prepared for the Subcommittee on Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-sixth Congress, first [-second] session. (Washington: U. S. Govt. Print. Off, 1961), p. 220. ... A good guide to investigating the copyright and renewal status of published work is Samuel Demas and Jennie L. Brogdon, "Determining Copyright Status for Preservation and Access: Defining Reasonable Effort," Library Resources and Technical Services 41:4 (October, 1997): 323-334." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copyright.cornell.edu/training/Hirtle_Public_Domain.htm">, Hirtle, Peter (2007) <i>Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States</i> footnote 7</a>. Of the <i>total US material</i> first published between 1923 and 1963, the percentage of renewed copyrights is far lower, because most published material was never registered at all.<p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">To find out how to search for copyright registrations and renewals, see, e.g., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ22.pdf">How to Investigate the Copyright Status of a Work</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.stanford.edu/copyrightrenewals/bin/page?forward=home">Stanford's Copyright Renewal Database</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/author?name=United%20States%20Copyright%20Office">Project Gutenberg</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/">Iinformation about <i>The Catalog of Copyright Entries</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Non-US copyrights apply in the US under the <a href="/w/index.php?title=URAA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="URAA (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">URAA</a>.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=edit&section=26" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: External links"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tineye.com/">TinEye.com</a>, a useful tool to discover other online copies of an image.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/documentary-film-program/film/a-fair-y-use-tale">A Fair(y) Use Tale</a> by Media Education Foundation</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copyright.cornell.edu/public_domain/">Coverage of U.S. fair use law by </a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornell_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornell University (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Cornell University</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fairuse.stanford.edu/">Coverage of U.S. fair use law by </a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanford_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanford University (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Stanford University</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utsystem.edu/ogc/intellectualproperty/copypol2.htm">Guidance about fair use from .Edu site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html">U.S. Copyright Office summary of fair use</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/online_best_practices_in_fair_use.pdf">Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Online Video(PDF)</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American University (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">American University</a> Center for Social Media. Jan 14, 2012 (updated link).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/fair-use/best-practices/online-video">The Center for Social Media's root webpage discussing Fair Use and Online Video</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=వికీపీడియా:Non-free_content&oldid=3439934">https://te.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=వికీపీడియా:Non-free_content&oldid=3439934</a>" నుండి వెలికితీశారు</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ప్రత్యేక:వర్గాలు">వర్గాలు</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:వికీపీడియా పేరుబరి అసమగ్ర పేజీలు (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">వికీపీడియా పేరుబరి అసమగ్ర పేజీలు</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Wikipedia_content_guidelines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="వర్గం:Wikipedia content guidelines (పేజీ ఉనికిలో లేదు)">Wikipedia content guidelines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82:Wikipedia_non-free_content" title="వర్గం:Wikipedia non-free content">Wikipedia non-free content</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>మార్గదర్శకపు మెనూ</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">వ్యక్తిగత పరికరాలు</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="మీ ఐపీ చిరునామాకి సంబంధించిన వాడుకరి పేజీ">లాగిన్ అయిలేరు</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A" title="ఈ ఐపీ చిరునామా నుండి చేసిన మార్పుల గురించి చర్చ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ఈ IP కి సంబంధించిన చర్చ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81-%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఈ IP అడ్రసు నుండి చేసిన దిద్దుబాట్ల జాబితా [y]" accesskey="y"><span>మార్పుచేర్పులు</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81&returnto=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%3ANon-free+content" title="మీరొక ఖాతాను సృష్టించుకొని, లాగినవడాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తాం; అయితే, అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు"><span>ఖాతా సృష్టించుకోండి</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82&returnto=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%3ANon-free+content" title="మిమ్మల్ని లాగినవమని ప్రోత్సహిస్తున్నాం; కానీ అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు. 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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>ఇటీవలి మార్పులు</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81"><span>కొత్త పేజీలు</span></a></li><li id="n-దస్త్రం-ఎక్కింపు" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:File_Upload_Wizard"><span>దస్త్రం ఎక్కింపు</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">పరికరాల పెట్టె</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content" title="ఇక్కడికి లింకై ఉన్న అన్ని వికీ పేజీల జాబితా [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ఇక్కడికి లింకున్న పేజీలు</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content" rel="nofollow" title="ఈ పేజీకి లింకై ఉన్న పేజీల్లో జరిగిన ఇటీవలి మార్పులు [k]" accesskey="k"><span>సంబంధిత మార్పులు</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/వికీపీడియా:ఫైల్_ఎక్కింపు_విజర్డు" title="దస్త్రాలను ఎక్కించండి [u]" accesskey="u"><span>దస్త్రపు ఎక్కింపు</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ప్రత్యేక పేజీలన్నిటి జాబితా [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ప్రత్యేక పేజీలు</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&oldid=3439934" title="ఈ పేజీకి చెందిన ఈ కూర్పుకు శాశ్వత లింకు"><span>శాశ్వత లింకు</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&action=info" title="ఈ పేజీ గురించి మరింత సమాచారం"><span>పేజీ సమాచారం</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fte.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B1%2580%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B1%2580%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B0%25BE%3ANon-free_content"><span>పొట్టి URL ని పొందండి</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fte.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B1%2580%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B1%2580%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B0%25BE%3ANon-free_content"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" > <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">ముద్రణ/ఎగుమతి</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%3ANon-free+content"><span>ఓ పుస్తకాన్ని సృష్టించండి</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%3ANon-free_content&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF రూపంలో దించుకోండి</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Non-free_content&printable=yes" title="ఈ పేజీకి ముద్రించుకోదగ్గ కూర్పు [p]" accesskey="p"><span>అచ్చుతీయదగ్గ కూర్పు</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">ఇతర ప్రాజెక్టులలో</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">ఇతర భాషలు</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content" title="Wikipedia:Non-free content – ఇంగ్లీష్" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wikipedia:Non-free content" data-language-autonym="English" 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Exceptions_au_droit_d%27auteur" title="Wikipédia:Exceptions au droit d'auteur – ఫ్రెంచ్" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia:Exceptions au droit d'auteur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ఫ్రెంచ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kegunaan_wajar" title="Wikipedia:Kegunaan wajar – మలయ్" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia:Kegunaan wajar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="మలయ్" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a 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