Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <head> <title>Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters - NASA/ADS</title>  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//styles/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="//styles/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="manifest" href="//styles/favicon/site.webmanifest" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="//styles/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="NASA ADS" /> <meta name="application-name" content="NASA ADS" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/css/styles.css"> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="canonical" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014A&A...571A..16P/abstract"/> <meta name="description" content="This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations. Within the context of this cosmology, the Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision: the angular size of the sound horizon at recombination, the physical densities of baryons and cold dark matter, and the scalar spectral index are estimated to be θ<SUB>∗</SUB> = (1.04147 ± 0.00062) × 10<SUP>-2</SUP>, Ω<SUB>b</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.02205 ± 0.00028, Ω<SUB>c</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.1199 ± 0.0027, and n<SUB>s</SUB> = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, respectively(note that in this abstract we quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% upper limits on other parameters). For this cosmology, we find a low value of the Hubble constant, H<SUB>0</SUB> = (67.3 ± 1.2) km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>, and a high value of the matter density parameter, Ω<SUB>m</SUB> = 0.315 ± 0.017. These values are in tension with recent direct measurements of H<SUB>0</SUB> and the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae, but are in excellent agreement with geometrical constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We use high-resolution CMB data together with Planck to provide greater control on extragalactic foreground components in an investigation of extensions to the six-parameter ΛCDM model. We present selected results from a large grid of cosmological models, using a range of additional astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured over the standard six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity isinsensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find an upper limit of r<SUB>0.002</SUB>&lt; 0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles beyond the three families of neutrinos in the standard model. Using BAO and CMB data, we find N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.30 ± 0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the sum of neutrino masses. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy; using BAO and CMB data, the dark energy equation of state parameter is constrained to be w = -1.13<SUB>-0.10</SUB><SUP>+0.13</SUP>. We also use the Planck data to set limits on a possible variation of the fine-structure constant, dark matter annihilation and primordial magnetic fields. Despite the success of the six-parameter ΛCDM model in describing the Planck data at high multipoles, we note that this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the temperature power spectrum at low multipoles. The unusual shape of the spectrum in the multipole range 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 40 was seen previously in the WMAP data and is a real feature of the primordial CMB anisotropies. The poor fit to the spectrum at low multipoles is not of decisive significance, but is an "anomaly" in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data.">  <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:title" content="Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NASA/ADS"> <meta property="og:description" content="This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations. Within the context of this cosmology, the Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision: the angular size of the sound horizon at recombination, the physical densities of baryons and cold dark matter, and the scalar spectral index are estimated to be θ<SUB>∗</SUB> = (1.04147 ± 0.00062) × 10<SUP>-2</SUP>, Ω<SUB>b</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.02205 ± 0.00028, Ω<SUB>c</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.1199 ± 0.0027, and n<SUB>s</SUB> = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, respectively(note that in this abstract we quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% upper limits on other parameters). For this cosmology, we find a low value of the Hubble constant, H<SUB>0</SUB> = (67.3 ± 1.2) km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>, and a high value of the matter density parameter, Ω<SUB>m</SUB> = 0.315 ± 0.017. These values are in tension with recent direct measurements of H<SUB>0</SUB> and the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae, but are in excellent agreement with geometrical constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We use high-resolution CMB data together with Planck to provide greater control on extragalactic foreground components in an investigation of extensions to the six-parameter ΛCDM model. We present selected results from a large grid of cosmological models, using a range of additional astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured over the standard six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity isinsensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find an upper limit of r<SUB>0.002</SUB>&lt; 0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles beyond the three families of neutrinos in the standard model. Using BAO and CMB data, we find N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.30 ± 0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the sum of neutrino masses. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy; using BAO and CMB data, the dark energy equation of state parameter is constrained to be w = -1.13<SUB>-0.10</SUB><SUP>+0.13</SUP>. We also use the Planck data to set limits on a possible variation of the fine-structure constant, dark matter annihilation and primordial magnetic fields. Despite the success of the six-parameter ΛCDM model in describing the Planck data at high multipoles, we note that this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the temperature power spectrum at low multipoles. The unusual shape of the spectrum in the multipole range 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 40 was seen previously in the WMAP data and is a real feature of the primordial CMB anisotropies. The poor fit to the spectrum at low multipoles is not of decisive significance, but is an "anomaly" in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data."> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014A&A...571A..16P/abstract"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/styles/img/transparent_logo.svg"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="11/2014"> <meta property="article:author" content="Planck Collaboration"> <meta property="article:author" content="Ade, P. A. R."> <meta property="article:author" content="Aghanim, N."> <meta property="article:author" content="Armitage-Caplan, C."> <meta property="article:author" content="Arnaud, M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Ashdown, M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Atrio-Barandela, F."> <meta property="article:author" content="Aumont, J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Baccigalupi, C."> <meta property="article:author" content="Banday, A. J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Barreiro, R. B."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bartlett, J. G."> <meta property="article:author" content="Battaner, E."> <meta property="article:author" content="Benabed, K."> <meta property="article:author" content="Benoît, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Benoit-Lévy, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bernard, J. -P."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bersanelli, M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bielewicz, P."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bobin, J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bock, J. J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bonaldi, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bond, J. R."> <meta property="article:author" content="Borrill, J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bouchet, F. R."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bridges, M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Bucher, M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Burigana, C."> <meta property="article:author" content="Butler, R. 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L."> <meta property="article:author" content="Couchot, F."> <meta property="article:author" content="Coulais, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Crill, B. P."> <meta property="article:author" content="Curto, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Cuttaia, F."> <meta property="article:author" content="Danese, L."> <meta property="article:author" content="Davies, R. D."> <meta property="article:author" content="Davis, R. J."> <meta property="article:author" content="de Bernardis, P."> <meta property="article:author" content="de Rosa, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="de Zotti, G."> <meta property="article:author" content="Delabrouille, J."> <meta property="article:author" content="Delouis, J. -M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Désert, F. -X."> <meta property="article:author" content="Dickinson, C."> <meta property="article:author" content="Diego, J. 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K."> <meta property="article:author" content="White, M."> <meta property="article:author" content="White, S. D. M."> <meta property="article:author" content="Wilkinson, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Yvon, D."> <meta property="article:author" content="Zacchei, A."> <meta property="article:author" content="Zonca, A.">  <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Astronomy and Astrophysics"> <meta name="citation_authors" content="Planck Collaboration;Ade, P. A. R.;Aghanim, N.;Armitage-Caplan, C.;Arnaud, M.;Ashdown, M.;Atrio-Barandela, F.;Aumont, J.;Baccigalupi, C.;Banday, A. J.;Barreiro, R. B.;Bartlett, J. G.;Battaner, E.;Benabed, K.;Benoît, A.;Benoit-Lévy, A.;Bernard, J. -P.;Bersanelli, M.;Bielewicz, P.;Bobin, J.;Bock, J. J.;Bonaldi, A.;Bond, J. R.;Borrill, J.;Bouchet, F. R.;Bridges, M.;Bucher, M.;Burigana, C.;Butler, R. C.;Calabrese, E.;Cappellini, B.;Cardoso, J. -F.;Catalano, A.;Challinor, A.;Chamballu, A.;Chary, R. -R.;Chen, X.;Chiang, H. C.;Chiang, L. -Y.;Christensen, P. R.;Church, S.;Clements, D. L.;Colombi, S.;Colombo, L. P. L.;Couchot, F.;Coulais, A.;Crill, B. P.;Curto, A.;Cuttaia, F.;Danese, L.;Davies, R. D.;Davis, R. J.;de Bernardis, P.;de Rosa, A.;de Zotti, G.;Delabrouille, J.;Delouis, J. -M.;Désert, F. -X.;Dickinson, C.;Diego, J. M.;Dolag, K.;Dole, H.;Donzelli, S.;Doré, O.;Douspis, M.;Dunkley, J.;Dupac, X.;Efstathiou, G.;Elsner, F.;Enßlin, T. A.;Eriksen, H. K.;Finelli, F.;Forni, O.;Frailis, M.;Fraisse, A. A.;Franceschi, E.;Gaier, T. C.;Galeotta, S.;Galli, S.;Ganga, K.;Giard, M.;Giardino, G.;Giraud-Héraud, Y.;Gjerløw, E.;González-Nuevo, J.;Górski, K. M.;Gratton, S.;Gregorio, A.;Gruppuso, A.;Gudmundsson, J. E.;Haissinski, J.;Hamann, J.;Hansen, F. K.;Hanson, D.;Harrison, D.;Henrot-Versillé, S.;Hernández-Monteagudo, C.;Herranz, D.;Hildebrandt, S. R.;Hivon, E.;Hobson, M.;Holmes, W. A.;Hornstrup, A.;Hou, Z.;Hovest, W.;Huffenberger, K. M.;Jaffe, A. H.;Jaffe, T. R.;Jewell, J.;Jones, W. C.;Juvela, M.;Keihänen, E.;Keskitalo, R.;Kisner, T. S.;Kneissl, R.;Knoche, J.;Knox, L.;Kunz, M.;Kurki-Suonio, H.;Lagache, G.;Lähteenmäki, A.;Lamarre, J. -M.;Lasenby, A.;Lattanzi, M.;Laureijs, R. J.;Lawrence, C. R.;Leach, S.;Leahy, J. P.;Leonardi, R.;León-Tavares, J.;Lesgourgues, J.;Lewis, A.;Liguori, M.;Lilje, P. B.;Linden-Vørnle, M.;López-Caniego, M.;Lubin, P. M.;Macías-Pérez, J. F.;Maffei, B.;Maino, D.;Mandolesi, N.;Maris, M.;Marshall, D. J.;Martin, P. G.;Martínez-González, E.;Masi, S.;Massardi, M.;Matarrese, S.;Matthai, F.;Mazzotta, P.;Meinhold, P. R.;Melchiorri, A.;Melin, J. -B.;Mendes, L.;Menegoni, E.;Mennella, A.;Migliaccio, M.;Millea, M.;Mitra, S.;Miville-Deschênes, M. -A.;Moneti, A.;Montier, L.;Morgante, G.;Mortlock, D.;Moss, A.;Munshi, D.;Murphy, J. A.;Naselsky, P.;Nati, F.;Natoli, P.;Netterfield, C. B.;Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U.;Noviello, F.;Novikov, D.;Novikov, I.;O'Dwyer, I. J.;Osborne, S.;Oxborrow, C. A.;Paci, F.;Pagano, L.;Pajot, F.;Paladini, R.;Paoletti, D.;Partridge, B.;Pasian, F.;Patanchon, G.;Pearson, D.;Pearson, T. J.;Peiris, H. V.;Perdereau, O.;Perotto, L.;Perrotta, F.;Pettorino, V.;Piacentini, F.;Piat, M.;Pierpaoli, E.;Pietrobon, D.;Plaszczynski, S.;Platania, P.;Pointecouteau, E.;Polenta, G.;Ponthieu, N.;Popa, L.;Poutanen, T.;Pratt, G. W.;Prézeau, G.;Prunet, S.;Puget, J. -L.;Rachen, J. P.;Reach, W. T.;Rebolo, R.;Reinecke, M.;Remazeilles, M.;Renault, C.;Ricciardi, S.;Riller, T.;Ristorcelli, I.;Rocha, G.;Rosset, C.;Roudier, G.;Rowan-Robinson, M.;Rubiño-Martín, J. A.;Rusholme, B.;Sandri, M.;Santos, D.;Savelainen, M.;Savini, G.;Scott, D.;Seiffert, M. D.;Shellard, E. P. S.;Spencer, L. D.;Starck, J. -L.;Stolyarov, V.;Stompor, R.;Sudiwala, R.;Sunyaev, R.;Sureau, F.;Sutton, D.;Suur-Uski, A. -S.;Sygnet, J. -F.;Tauber, J. A.;Tavagnacco, D.;Terenzi, L.;Toffolatti, L.;Tomasi, M.;Tristram, M.;Tucci, M.;Tuovinen, J.;Türler, M.;Umana, G.;Valenziano, L.;Valiviita, J.;Van Tent, B.;Vielva, P.;Villa, F.;Vittorio, N.;Wade, L. A.;Wandelt, B. D.;Wehus, I. K.;White, M.;White, S. D. M.;Wilkinson, A.;Yvon, D.;Zacchei, A.;Zonca, A."> <meta name="citation_title" content="Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters"> <meta name="citation_date" content="11/2014"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="571"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="A16"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1051/0004-6361/201321591"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0004-6361"> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="cosmic background radiation"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="cosmological parameters"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="early Universe"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="inflation"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="primordial nucleosynthesis"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics"> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014A&A...571A..16P/abstract"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="11/2014"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2014A&A...571A..16P/PUB_PDF"> <meta name="citation_arxiv_id" content="arXiv:1303.5076" /> <link title="schema(PRISM)" rel="schema.prism" href="http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/" /> <meta name="prism.publicationDate" content="11/2014" /> <meta name="prism.publicationName" content="A&A" /> <meta name="prism.issn" content="0004-6361" /> <meta name="prism.volume" content="571" /> <meta name="prism.startingPage" content="A16" /> <link title="schema(DC)" rel="schema.dc" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321591" /> <meta name="dc.date" content="11/2014" /> <meta name="dc.source" content="A&A" /> <meta name="dc.title" content="Planck 2013 results. 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D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Shellard, E. P. S."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Spencer, L. D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Starck, J. -L."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Stolyarov, V."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Stompor, R."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sudiwala, R."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sunyaev, R."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sureau, F."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sutton, D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Suur-Uski, A. -S."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Sygnet, J. -F."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tauber, J. A."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tavagnacco, D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Terenzi, L."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Toffolatti, L."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tomasi, M."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tristram, M."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tucci, M."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Tuovinen, J."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Türler, M."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Umana, G."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Valenziano, L."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Valiviita, J."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Van Tent, B."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Vielva, P."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Villa, F."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Vittorio, N."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wade, L. A."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wandelt, B. D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wehus, I. K."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="White, M."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="White, S. D. M."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Wilkinson, A."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Yvon, D."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zacchei, A."> <meta name="dc.creator" content="Zonca, A.">  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations. Within the context of this cosmology, the Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision: the angular size of the sound horizon at recombination, the physical densities of baryons and cold dark matter, and the scalar spectral index are estimated to be θ<SUB>∗</SUB> = (1.04147 ± 0.00062) × 10<SUP>-2</SUP>, Ω<SUB>b</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.02205 ± 0.00028, Ω<SUB>c</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.1199 ± 0.0027, and n<SUB>s</SUB> = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, respectively(note that in this abstract we quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% upper limits on other parameters). For this cosmology, we find a low value of the Hubble constant, H<SUB>0</SUB> = (67.3 ± 1.2) km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>, and a high value of the matter density parameter, Ω<SUB>m</SUB> = 0.315 ± 0.017. These values are in tension with recent direct measurements of H<SUB>0</SUB> and the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae, but are in excellent agreement with geometrical constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We use high-resolution CMB data together with Planck to provide greater control on extragalactic foreground components in an investigation of extensions to the six-parameter ΛCDM model. We present selected results from a large grid of cosmological models, using a range of additional astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured over the standard six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity isinsensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find an upper limit of r<SUB>0.002</SUB>&lt; 0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles beyond the three families of neutrinos in the standard model. Using BAO and CMB data, we find N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.30 ± 0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the sum of neutrino masses. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy; using BAO and CMB data, the dark energy equation of state parameter is constrained to be w = -1.13<SUB>-0.10</SUB><SUP>+0.13</SUP>. We also use the Planck data to set limits on a possible variation of the fine-structure constant, dark matter annihilation and primordial magnetic fields. Despite the success of the six-parameter ΛCDM model in describing the Planck data at high multipoles, we note that this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the temperature power spectrum at low multipoles. The unusual shape of the spectrum in the multipole range 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 40 was seen previously in the WMAP data and is a real feature of the primordial CMB anisotropies. The poor fit to the spectrum at low multipoles is not of decisive significance, but is an "anomaly" in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Planck 2013 results. XVI. 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XVI. Cosmological parameters <a href=""></a> </h2> <div id="authors-and-aff" class="s-authors-and-aff"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Planck+Collaboration%22">Planck Collaboration</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Ade%2C+P.+A.+R.%22">Ade, P. A. R.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Aghanim%2C+N.%22">Aghanim, N.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Armitage-Caplan%2C+C.%22">Armitage-Caplan, C.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Arnaud%2C+M.%22">Arnaud, M.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Ashdown%2C+M.%22">Ashdown, M.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Atrio-Barandela%2C+F.%22">Atrio-Barandela, F.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Aumont%2C+J.%22">Aumont, J.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Baccigalupi%2C+C.%22">Baccigalupi, C.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Banday%2C+A.+J.%22">Banday, A. J.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Barreiro%2C+R.+B.%22">Barreiro, R. B.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bartlett%2C+J.+G.%22">Bartlett, J. G.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Battaner%2C+E.%22">Battaner, E.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Benabed%2C+K.%22">Benabed, K.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Beno%C3%AEt%2C+A.%22">Benoît, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Benoit-L%C3%A9vy%2C+A.%22">Benoit-Lévy, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bernard%2C+J.+-P.%22">Bernard, J. -P.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bersanelli%2C+M.%22">Bersanelli, M.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bielewicz%2C+P.%22">Bielewicz, P.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bobin%2C+J.%22">Bobin, J.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bock%2C+J.+J.%22">Bock, J. J.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bonaldi%2C+A.%22">Bonaldi, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bond%2C+J.+R.%22">Bond, J. R.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Borrill%2C+J.%22">Borrill, J.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bouchet%2C+F.+R.%22">Bouchet, F. R.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bridges%2C+M.%22">Bridges, M.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Bucher%2C+M.%22">Bucher, M.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Burigana%2C+C.%22">Burigana, C.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Butler%2C+R.+C.%22">Butler, R. C.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Calabrese%2C+E.%22">Calabrese, E.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Cappellini%2C+B.%22">Cappellini, B.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Cardoso%2C+J.+-F.%22">Cardoso, J. -F.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Catalano%2C+A.%22">Catalano, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Challinor%2C+A.%22">Challinor, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Chamballu%2C+A.%22">Chamballu, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Chary%2C+R.+-R.%22">Chary, R. -R.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Chen%2C+X.%22">Chen, X.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Chiang%2C+H.+C.%22">Chiang, H. C.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Chiang%2C+L.+-Y.%22">Chiang, L. -Y.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Christensen%2C+P.+R.%22">Christensen, P. R.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Church%2C+S.%22">Church, S.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Clements%2C+D.+L.%22">Clements, D. L.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Colombi%2C+S.%22">Colombi, S.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Colombo%2C+L.+P.+L.%22">Colombo, L. P. L.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Couchot%2C+F.%22">Couchot, F.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Coulais%2C+A.%22">Coulais, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Crill%2C+B.+P.%22">Crill, B. P.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Curto%2C+A.%22">Curto, A.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Cuttaia%2C+F.%22">Cuttaia, F.</a> </li>; <li class="author"><a href="/search/?q=author%3A%22Danese%2C+L.%22">Danese, L.</a> </li> <li> <em>and 215 more</em> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="s-abstract-text"> <h4 class="sr-only">Abstract</h4> <p> This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations. Within the context of this cosmology, the Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision: the angular size of the sound horizon at recombination, the physical densities of baryons and cold dark matter, and the scalar spectral index are estimated to be θ<SUB>∗</SUB> = (1.04147 ± 0.00062) × 10<SUP>-2</SUP>, Ω<SUB>b</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.02205 ± 0.00028, Ω<SUB>c</SUB>h<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.1199 ± 0.0027, and n<SUB>s</SUB> = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, respectively(note that in this abstract we quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% upper limits on other parameters). For this cosmology, we find a low value of the Hubble constant, H<SUB>0</SUB> = (67.3 ± 1.2) km s<SUP>-1</SUP> Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>, and a high value of the matter density parameter, Ω<SUB>m</SUB> = 0.315 ± 0.017. These values are in tension with recent direct measurements of H<SUB>0</SUB> and the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae, but are in excellent agreement with geometrical constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We use high-resolution CMB data together with Planck to provide greater control on extragalactic foreground components in an investigation of extensions to the six-parameter ΛCDM model. We present selected results from a large grid of cosmological models, using a range of additional astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured over the standard six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity isinsensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find an upper limit of r<SUB>0.002</SUB>< 0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles beyond the three families of neutrinos in the standard model. Using BAO and CMB data, we find N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.30 ± 0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the sum of neutrino masses. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of N<SUB>eff</SUB> = 3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy; using BAO and CMB data, the dark energy equation of state parameter is constrained to be w = -1.13<SUB>-0.10</SUB><SUP>+0.13</SUP>. We also use the Planck data to set limits on a possible variation of the fine-structure constant, dark matter annihilation and primordial magnetic fields. Despite the success of the six-parameter ΛCDM model in describing the Planck data at high multipoles, we note that this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the temperature power spectrum at low multipoles. The unusual shape of the spectrum in the multipole range 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 40 was seen previously in the WMAP data and is a real feature of the primordial CMB anisotropies. The poor fit to the spectrum at low multipoles is not of decisive significance, but is an "anomaly" in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data. </p> </div> <br> <dl class="s-abstract-dl-horizontal"> <dt>Publication:</dt> <dd> <div id="article-publication">Astronomy and Astrophysics</div> </dd> <dt>Pub Date:</dt> <dd>November 2014</dd> <dt>DOI:</dt> <dd> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2014A&A...571A..16P/doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321591" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1051/0004-6361/201321591</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </span> </dd> <dt>arXiv:</dt> <dd> <span> <a href="/link_gateway/2014A&A...571A..16P/arXiv:1303.5076" target="_blank" rel="noopener">arXiv:1303.5076</a> <i class="fa fa-external-link"></i> </span> </dd> <dt>Bibcode:</dt> <dd> <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..16P/abstract"> 2014A&A...571A..16P </a> <i class="icon-help" title="The bibcode is assigned by the ADS as a unique identifier for the paper."></i> </dd> <dt>Keywords:</dt> <dd> <ul class="list-inline"> <li>cosmic background radiation;</li> <li>cosmological parameters;</li> <li>early Universe;</li> <li>inflation;</li> <li>primordial nucleosynthesis;</li> <li>Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics</li> </ul> </dd> <dt>E-Print:</dt> <dd> 69 pages. 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border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...1P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 1: 2014A&A...571A...1P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...2P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 2: 2014A&A...571A...2P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...3P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 3: 2014A&A...571A...3P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...4P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 4: 2014A&A...571A...4P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...5P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 5: 2014A&A...571A...5P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...6P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 6: 2014A&A...571A...6P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...7P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 7: 2014A&A...571A...7P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...8P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 8: 2014A&A...571A...8P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A...9P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 9: 2014A&A...571A...9P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..10P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 10: 2014A&A...571A..10P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..11P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 11: 2014A&A...571A..11P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..12P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 12: 2014A&A...571A..12P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..13P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 13: 2014A&A...571A..13P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..14P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 14: 2014A&A...571A..14P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..15P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 15: 2014A&A...571A..15P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..17P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 17: 2014A&A...571A..17P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..18P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 18: 2014A&A...571A..18P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..19P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 19: 2014A&A...571A..19P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..20P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 20: 2014A&A...571A..20P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..21P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 21: 2014A&A...571A..21P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..22P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 22: 2014A&A...571A..22P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..23P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 23: 2014A&A...571A..23P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..24P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 24: 2014A&A...571A..24P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..25P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 25: 2014A&A...571A..25P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..26P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 26: 2014A&A...571A..26P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..27P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 27: 2014A&A...571A..27P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..28P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 28: 2014A&A...571A..28P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..29P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 29: 2014A&A...571A..29P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; " class="resources__content" > <a href="/abs/2014A%26A...571A..30P/abstract" class="resources__content__link" >Part 30: 2014A&A...571A..30P</a > </div> <div style=" font-size: 1em; border-left: 3px solid grey; padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 7px; 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