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Raheel Muzzammel | University of Engineering & Technology Lahore, Pakistan - Academia.edu

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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11969162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11969162/Framework_Study_for_a_New_Generation_of_Protocols"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Framework Study for a New Generation of Protocols" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37322430/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11969162/Framework_Study_for_a_New_Generation_of_Protocols">Framework Study for a New Generation of Protocols</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Today’s Networks demands are completely fulfilled by existing architectures of protocols such as ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Today’s Networks demands are completely fulfilled by existing architectures of protocols such as TCP/IP and ISO suite. When the design of tomorrow’s networks with the aim of larger capacity, with various options of undertaking technologies and multiple services is considered then the existing protocols represent limitations. For Example, In the future, It will be expected that a single end system will be equipped with voice, video, graphics as well as bulk transfer and real time rendering and the cross product of such services will generate new traffic patterns with latency and variation in latency that are not covered by existing protocols. This article therefore discusses two new design protocols that is Application Level Framing and Integrated Level Framing and also addresses that overall performance is based on presentation layer. <br />Declaration: This article is prepared by reviewing the paper “Architectural Considerations for a New Generation of Protocols”, David D. Clark and David L. Tennenhouse.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5463d9785968ac4d3eefa1041374a536" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:37322430,&quot;asset_id&quot;:11969162,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37322430/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11969162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11969162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11969162; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11969162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11969162]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11969162; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11969162']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11969162, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5463d9785968ac4d3eefa1041374a536" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11969162]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11969162,"title":"Framework Study for a New Generation of Protocols","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Today’s Networks demands are completely fulfilled by existing architectures of protocols such as TCP/IP and ISO suite. 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Therefore, there is always a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">High standards of living are linked with the availability of energy. Therefore, there is always a requirement to modify existing power generating systems or to add new systems to fulfill the increasing demands of energy. It is becoming a core issue in the South Asian region so that at least current standards of living could be maintained by controlling growing energy rates and shortening the availability of conventional sources. Furnace oil is a residue obtained in the process of distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry. This furnace oil is applicable for power generation plants allied with the petroleum industry so that residue of oil refineries could be utilized. In this research, a furnace oil-based power plant is designed in electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) software. Moreover, steady-state and transient analysis of the proposed design of the power plant are conducted to increase practical viability of model. Load flow is analyzed to depict the performa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f8b8b69776e9d46d01ece2ca86d5dd1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710403,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526564,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710403/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526564"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526564"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526564; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526564]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526564]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526564; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526564']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526564, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8f8b8b69776e9d46d01ece2ca86d5dd1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526564]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526564,"title":"Comprehensive analysis and design of furnace oil-based power station using ETAP","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"High standards of living are linked with the availability of energy. Therefore, there is always a requirement to modify existing power generating systems or to add new systems to fulfill the increasing demands of energy. It is becoming a core issue in the South Asian region so that at least current standards of living could be maintained by controlling growing energy rates and shortening the availability of conventional sources. Furnace oil is a residue obtained in the process of distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry. This furnace oil is applicable for power generation plants allied with the petroleum industry so that residue of oil refineries could be utilized. In this research, a furnace oil-based power plant is designed in electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) software. Moreover, steady-state and transient analysis of the proposed design of the power plant are conducted to increase practical viability of model. Load flow is analyzed to depict the performa...","publisher":"Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)"},"translated_abstract":"High standards of living are linked with the availability of energy. Therefore, there is always a requirement to modify existing power generating systems or to add new systems to fulfill the increasing demands of energy. It is becoming a core issue in the South Asian region so that at least current standards of living could be maintained by controlling growing energy rates and shortening the availability of conventional sources. Furnace oil is a residue obtained in the process of distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry. This furnace oil is applicable for power generation plants allied with the petroleum industry so that residue of oil refineries could be utilized. In this research, a furnace oil-based power plant is designed in electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) software. Moreover, steady-state and transient analysis of the proposed design of the power plant are conducted to increase practical viability of model. Load flow is analyzed to depict the performa...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526564/Comprehensive_analysis_and_design_of_furnace_oil_based_power_station_using_ETAP","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:02.595-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91710403,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710403/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"12975.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710403/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Comprehensive_analysis_and_design_of_fur.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91710403/12975-libre.pdf?1664427951=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComprehensive_analysis_and_design_of_fur.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456054\u0026Signature=CIqYOpPhAHNgaVGVjUpyzAU~FBD~ZXnKMpWvwAuXCDtER6tocGYXeLmG~R6B3gWWSA2IMEjX~ISmNVWD2Whjovzqs1ANBCWh26ukeAkoWbGCLNinrwaCErcgiGvruOJiVnPuLuxF88j7dLaRDGE0DeOfoPWryZKscpz7yWnW2uOe7M2lBHT8HC2DdKA1cgBqMtepRlRM0heMXoGqCX5NBff7WEx9WFgNd9OGNrwvrskMpF5dbaG6xIeWXylRlGaCBZ0YHD-YNyukVtMYw2RJHuUh7QzDk3VmlpDlOSigphkHG0DjJSVpj-Ze1rmwe2Lw5zl6szDuCOklft0zxa-gcg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Comprehensive_analysis_and_design_of_furnace_oil_based_power_station_using_ETAP","translated_slug":"","page_count":19,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[{"id":91710403,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710403/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"12975.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710403/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Comprehensive_analysis_and_design_of_fur.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91710403/12975-libre.pdf?1664427951=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComprehensive_analysis_and_design_of_fur.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456054\u0026Signature=CIqYOpPhAHNgaVGVjUpyzAU~FBD~ZXnKMpWvwAuXCDtER6tocGYXeLmG~R6B3gWWSA2IMEjX~ISmNVWD2Whjovzqs1ANBCWh26ukeAkoWbGCLNinrwaCErcgiGvruOJiVnPuLuxF88j7dLaRDGE0DeOfoPWryZKscpz7yWnW2uOe7M2lBHT8HC2DdKA1cgBqMtepRlRM0heMXoGqCX5NBff7WEx9WFgNd9OGNrwvrskMpF5dbaG6xIeWXylRlGaCBZ0YHD-YNyukVtMYw2RJHuUh7QzDk3VmlpDlOSigphkHG0DjJSVpj-Ze1rmwe2Lw5zl6szDuCOklft0zxa-gcg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":34388,"name":"Power Plant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Plant"},{"id":331340,"name":"Economic Dispatch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Dispatch"},{"id":573308,"name":"Oil Refinery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_Refinery"},{"id":886971,"name":"Electricity Generation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electricity_Generation"},{"id":2707401,"name":"Load Flow Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Load_Flow_Analysis"},{"id":3789689,"name":"Power station","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_station"}],"urls":[{"id":24286516,"url":"http://ijape.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAPE/article/viewFile/20398/12975"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526563"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526563/Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_Classification_Based_on_Boltzmann_Machine_Learning_for_HVDC_Transmission_Systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710439/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526563/Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_Classification_Based_on_Boltzmann_Machine_Learning_for_HVDC_Transmission_Systems">Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A sudden rise of DC fault current must be identified and classified to immediately operate the corresponding interrupting mechanism. In this research, the Boltzmann machine learning (BML) approach is proposed for DC fault identification and classification using travelling waves generated at fault point in voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system. An unsupervised way of feature extraction is performed on the frequency spectrum of the travelling waves. Binomial class logistic regression classifies the HVDC system into faulty and healthy states. This proposed technique reduces fault identification and classification time because of reduced tagged data with few characteristics. Therefore, faults near or on converter stations are readily identified and classified. The proposed technique&amp;#39;s performance is assessed via simulations developed in ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2375d895f3a8adbfbb57c4e9f20bc25c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710439,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526563,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710439/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526563"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526563"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526563; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526563]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526563]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526563; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526563']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526563, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2375d895f3a8adbfbb57c4e9f20bc25c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526563]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526563,"title":"Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A sudden rise of DC fault current must be identified and classified to immediately operate the corresponding interrupting mechanism. In this research, the Boltzmann machine learning (BML) approach is proposed for DC fault identification and classification using travelling waves generated at fault point in voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system. An unsupervised way of feature extraction is performed on the frequency spectrum of the travelling waves. Binomial class logistic regression classifies the HVDC system into faulty and healthy states. This proposed technique reduces fault identification and classification time because of reduced tagged data with few characteristics. Therefore, faults near or on converter stations are readily identified and classified. The proposed technique\u0026#39;s performance is assessed via simulations developed in ...","publisher":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy"},"translated_abstract":"Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A sudden rise of DC fault current must be identified and classified to immediately operate the corresponding interrupting mechanism. In this research, the Boltzmann machine learning (BML) approach is proposed for DC fault identification and classification using travelling waves generated at fault point in voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system. An unsupervised way of feature extraction is performed on the frequency spectrum of the travelling waves. Binomial class logistic regression classifies the HVDC system into faulty and healthy states. This proposed technique reduces fault identification and classification time because of reduced tagged data with few characteristics. Therefore, faults near or on converter stations are readily identified and classified. The proposed technique\u0026#39;s performance is assessed via simulations developed in ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526563/Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_Classification_Based_on_Boltzmann_Machine_Learning_for_HVDC_Transmission_Systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:02.432-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91710439,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710439/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"09374116.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710439/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91710439/09374116-libre.pdf?1664429147=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLow_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=YSY5u~-JUT4oDYjQfF07CKnHbcJagyP47jCyFgQgeWTani-aT-jU54-rDcnbwM1gfFCnlL~ELtMhy0H45k4G26io~tqQ5J4GxOSzkSc7UpNwEVyFUYVGw3FDMSYfX4gHkpW-RyxPuq7mZaMktsM-x9UYi9z~8aO8LwGLBTiX9j4sxf9jPS1GsNnNxdRcD-mE5NDhddJYLTwxluWAGN3fpxR8erIfLMDou4OfupjkF-f7JdiYO8e-Lb1d-Fm4We9EkGMUC9sSFK3p6dUsTRjAAU1W2ztEtlpuPJSaH9Wvj0Gm0N6KUt7yeHeNSY-zEt37rlr09JeTjuM7Bd54IJcfqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_Classification_Based_on_Boltzmann_Machine_Learning_for_HVDC_Transmission_Systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[{"id":91710439,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710439/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"09374116.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710439/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_C.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91710439/09374116-libre.pdf?1664429147=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLow_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_C.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=YSY5u~-JUT4oDYjQfF07CKnHbcJagyP47jCyFgQgeWTani-aT-jU54-rDcnbwM1gfFCnlL~ELtMhy0H45k4G26io~tqQ5J4GxOSzkSc7UpNwEVyFUYVGw3FDMSYfX4gHkpW-RyxPuq7mZaMktsM-x9UYi9z~8aO8LwGLBTiX9j4sxf9jPS1GsNnNxdRcD-mE5NDhddJYLTwxluWAGN3fpxR8erIfLMDou4OfupjkF-f7JdiYO8e-Lb1d-Fm4We9EkGMUC9sSFK3p6dUsTRjAAU1W2ztEtlpuPJSaH9Wvj0Gm0N6KUt7yeHeNSY-zEt37rlr09JeTjuM7Bd54IJcfqA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":1320966,"name":"High Voltage Direct Current","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Voltage_Direct_Current"},{"id":3763158,"name":"Transmission System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_System"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526560"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526560/Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithms in Real Time using Fast-NCC" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526560/Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC">Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithms in Real Time using Fast-NCC</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC)</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of computer vision. Advance target tracking techniques are used to overcome these problems, but few parameters are considered ideal in those scenarios, or those parameters are ignored. In this research, cross correlation technique is applied for target tracking which is famous for feature extraction in image processing. Further, normalized cross correlation and fast-normalized cross correlation are implemented and results are compared. As enormous computation is required in these techniques, real time target tracking is factual challenge faced by this technique. High performance embedded hardware is required to implement these techniques. In this research, digital signal processor embedded board TMS320DM642 is carefully chosen for this purpose. This board is equipped with evaluation module and video decoder. Above mentioned techniques are implemented on TMS320DM642 and their results are carefully analyzed in this research.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526560"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526560"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526560; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526560]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526560]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526560; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526560']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526560, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526560]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526560,"title":"Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithms in Real Time using Fast-NCC","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of computer vision. Advance target tracking techniques are used to overcome these problems, but few parameters are considered ideal in those scenarios, or those parameters are ignored. In this research, cross correlation technique is applied for target tracking which is famous for feature extraction in image processing. Further, normalized cross correlation and fast-normalized cross correlation are implemented and results are compared. As enormous computation is required in these techniques, real time target tracking is factual challenge faced by this technique. High performance embedded hardware is required to implement these techniques. In this research, digital signal processor embedded board TMS320DM642 is carefully chosen for this purpose. This board is equipped with evaluation module and video decoder. Above mentioned techniques are implemented on TMS320DM642 and their results are carefully analyzed in this research.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC)"},"translated_abstract":"Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of computer vision. Advance target tracking techniques are used to overcome these problems, but few parameters are considered ideal in those scenarios, or those parameters are ignored. In this research, cross correlation technique is applied for target tracking which is famous for feature extraction in image processing. Further, normalized cross correlation and fast-normalized cross correlation are implemented and results are compared. As enormous computation is required in these techniques, real time target tracking is factual challenge faced by this technique. High performance embedded hardware is required to implement these techniques. In this research, digital signal processor embedded board TMS320DM642 is carefully chosen for this purpose. This board is equipped with evaluation module and video decoder. Above mentioned techniques are implemented on TMS320DM642 and their results are carefully analyzed in this research.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526560/Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.946-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":9038,"name":"Digital Signal Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing"}],"urls":[{"id":24286514,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9692906/9691502/09692936.pdf?arnumber=9692936"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526558"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526558/Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hardware Optimization for Real-Time Target Tracking using Fast-Normalized Cross Correlation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526558/Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation">Hardware Optimization for Real-Time Target Tracking using Fast-Normalized Cross Correlation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2019 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital systems (C-CODE)</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target trac...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target tracking require some programmable embedded platform for implementation. In this research “TMS320DM642 evaluation module with TVP video decoders” digital signal processor (DSP) embedded board is chosen as platform for implementation of target tracking algorithm. Optimization of real time target tracking is limited to some extend for all techniques. These techniques with software constraints can be improved with hardware optimization algorithm. Hence major focus of this research is to monitor results of hardware optimization algorithm. These optimization techniques provides efficient utilization of existing hardware resources. Various techniques like central processing unit (CPU) optimization, memory optimization and minimization of code are applied on target tracking algorithm using fast normalized cross correlation. Results are then investigated and studied to observe the enhancement in Process time, frame rate, accuracy and power consumption.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526558"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526558"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526558; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526558]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526558]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526558; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526558']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526558, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526558]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526558,"title":"Hardware Optimization for Real-Time Target Tracking using Fast-Normalized Cross Correlation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target tracking require some programmable embedded platform for implementation. In this research “TMS320DM642 evaluation module with TVP video decoders” digital signal processor (DSP) embedded board is chosen as platform for implementation of target tracking algorithm. Optimization of real time target tracking is limited to some extend for all techniques. These techniques with software constraints can be improved with hardware optimization algorithm. Hence major focus of this research is to monitor results of hardware optimization algorithm. These optimization techniques provides efficient utilization of existing hardware resources. Various techniques like central processing unit (CPU) optimization, memory optimization and minimization of code are applied on target tracking algorithm using fast normalized cross correlation. Results are then investigated and studied to observe the enhancement in Process time, frame rate, accuracy and power consumption.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2019 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital systems (C-CODE)"},"translated_abstract":"Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target tracking require some programmable embedded platform for implementation. In this research “TMS320DM642 evaluation module with TVP video decoders” digital signal processor (DSP) embedded board is chosen as platform for implementation of target tracking algorithm. Optimization of real time target tracking is limited to some extend for all techniques. These techniques with software constraints can be improved with hardware optimization algorithm. Hence major focus of this research is to monitor results of hardware optimization algorithm. These optimization techniques provides efficient utilization of existing hardware resources. Various techniques like central processing unit (CPU) optimization, memory optimization and minimization of code are applied on target tracking algorithm using fast normalized cross correlation. Results are then investigated and studied to observe the enhancement in Process time, frame rate, accuracy and power consumption.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526558/Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.530-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":24286512,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8677306/8680965/08681026.pdf?arnumber=8681026"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526557"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526557/Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Analytical behaviour of line asymmetries in three phase power systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526557/Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems">Analytical behaviour of line asymmetries in three phase power systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE)</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help of symmetrical component transformation. Balanced power system does not require symmetrical transformation. This transformation is highly helpful for pre and post power flow analysis in the power system. Due to inductive effect of transmission lines and reactive loads, there always exists a mutual coupling between transmission lines resulting in asymmetries. Such asymmetries also affect the symmetrical components. This effect gives rise to a concept of voltage imbalance emission. In this research paper, analysis is carried out for voltage imbalanced emission for symmetrical component circuit. Matlab / Simulink will be used to carry out the simulations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526557"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526557"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526557; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526557]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526557]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526557; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526557']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526557, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526557]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526557,"title":"Analytical behaviour of line asymmetries in three phase power systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help of symmetrical component transformation. Balanced power system does not require symmetrical transformation. This transformation is highly helpful for pre and post power flow analysis in the power system. Due to inductive effect of transmission lines and reactive loads, there always exists a mutual coupling between transmission lines resulting in asymmetries. Such asymmetries also affect the symmetrical components. This effect gives rise to a concept of voltage imbalance emission. In this research paper, analysis is carried out for voltage imbalanced emission for symmetrical component circuit. Matlab / Simulink will be used to carry out the simulations.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2017 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE)"},"translated_abstract":"Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help of symmetrical component transformation. Balanced power system does not require symmetrical transformation. This transformation is highly helpful for pre and post power flow analysis in the power system. Due to inductive effect of transmission lines and reactive loads, there always exists a mutual coupling between transmission lines resulting in asymmetries. Such asymmetries also affect the symmetrical components. This effect gives rise to a concept of voltage imbalance emission. In this research paper, analysis is carried out for voltage imbalanced emission for symmetrical component circuit. Matlab / Simulink will be used to carry out the simulations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526557/Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.349-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics"},{"id":111436,"name":"IEEE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IEEE"}],"urls":[{"id":24286511,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8232888/8246024/08246143.pdf?arnumber=8246143"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526556"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526556/A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based_Protection_Technique_for_MT_HVDC_Systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710400/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526556/A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based_Protection_Technique_for_MT_HVDC_Systems">A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Energies</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet the increasing demands of bulk energy and encourage interconnected power systems to incorporate renewable energy sources without any fear of loss of synchronism, reliability, and efficiency. The main challenge associated with DC grid protection is the timely diagnosis of DC faults because of its rapid built up, resulting in failures of power electronic circuitries. Therefore, the demolition of HVDC systems is evaded by identification, classification, and location of DC faults within milliseconds (ms). In this research, the support vector machine (SVM)-based protection algorithm is developed so that DC faults could be identified, classified, and located in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) systems. A four-terminal HVDC system is developed in Matlab/Simulink for the analysis of DC voltages and currents. Pole to ground and pole to pole faults are applied at different locat...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="51a8225197f11f81783a4cde4e74d724" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710400,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526556,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710400/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526556"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526556]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526556']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526556, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "51a8225197f11f81783a4cde4e74d724" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526556]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526556,"title":"A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet the increasing demands of bulk energy and encourage interconnected power systems to incorporate renewable energy sources without any fear of loss of synchronism, reliability, and efficiency. The main challenge associated with DC grid protection is the timely diagnosis of DC faults because of its rapid built up, resulting in failures of power electronic circuitries. Therefore, the demolition of HVDC systems is evaded by identification, classification, and location of DC faults within milliseconds (ms). In this research, the support vector machine (SVM)-based protection algorithm is developed so that DC faults could be identified, classified, and located in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) systems. A four-terminal HVDC system is developed in Matlab/Simulink for the analysis of DC voltages and currents. Pole to ground and pole to pole faults are applied at different locat...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Energies"},"translated_abstract":"High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet the increasing demands of bulk energy and encourage interconnected power systems to incorporate renewable energy sources without any fear of loss of synchronism, reliability, and efficiency. The main challenge associated with DC grid protection is the timely diagnosis of DC faults because of its rapid built up, resulting in failures of power electronic circuitries. Therefore, the demolition of HVDC systems is evaded by identification, classification, and location of DC faults within milliseconds (ms). In this research, the support vector machine (SVM)-based protection algorithm is developed so that DC faults could be identified, classified, and located in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) systems. A four-terminal HVDC system is developed in Matlab/Simulink for the analysis of DC voltages and currents. Pole to ground and pole to pole faults are applied at different locat...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526556/A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based_Protection_Technique_for_MT_HVDC_Systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.079-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":91710400,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710400/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"energies-13-06668-v2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710400/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91710400/energies-13-06668-v2-libre.pdf?1664427964=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=AhgqSIzLEW5lAGuUQVY-xUNYfT5~YDxAWrTWpFhyTCrsU-Mzo0hy0Pth7tq887FtRD1xSCG3rvH3ivx3nTXS4KF9Eth1TcvqXz9hj5KMvOcZTdeopjkEMrL2U8wGltRI6yUF5kpGxY~vZxuNLumrMB4MfUV7P3jRTU9UtUERo-1po63zcWBlQozEXIvRqgim2pGDhEfI1uvSyAjVd7VD0R0Fh5dMvNqmb-qpHdwanqgKE3j4WKR-poMGKv3q8JiQ4d8cdwiRS~QPuM4cRMb7IeAFaaFffhR0Pktvqmc6Gy0rwhqpSzKbPLHECI3OpFyHyocRirOWllg9yfHyXLv8OQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based_Protection_Technique_for_MT_HVDC_Systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":33,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[{"id":91710400,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710400/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"energies-13-06668-v2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710400/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91710400/energies-13-06668-v2-libre.pdf?1664427964=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=AhgqSIzLEW5lAGuUQVY-xUNYfT5~YDxAWrTWpFhyTCrsU-Mzo0hy0Pth7tq887FtRD1xSCG3rvH3ivx3nTXS4KF9Eth1TcvqXz9hj5KMvOcZTdeopjkEMrL2U8wGltRI6yUF5kpGxY~vZxuNLumrMB4MfUV7P3jRTU9UtUERo-1po63zcWBlQozEXIvRqgim2pGDhEfI1uvSyAjVd7VD0R0Fh5dMvNqmb-qpHdwanqgKE3j4WKR-poMGKv3q8JiQ4d8cdwiRS~QPuM4cRMb7IeAFaaFffhR0Pktvqmc6Gy0rwhqpSzKbPLHECI3OpFyHyocRirOWllg9yfHyXLv8OQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning"},{"id":10408,"name":"Support Vector Machines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Support_Vector_Machines"},{"id":38254,"name":"Power System Protection Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_System_Protection_Engineering"},{"id":69841,"name":"Standard Deviation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standard_Deviation"},{"id":117101,"name":"Fault diagnosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fault_diagnosis"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences"},{"id":125387,"name":"Normalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normalization"},{"id":191289,"name":"Support vector machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Support_vector_machine"},{"id":219476,"name":"Electric Power System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Power_System"},{"id":399818,"name":"HVDC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HVDC"},{"id":471855,"name":"Fault Classification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fault_Classification"},{"id":491974,"name":"Fault Detection and Diagnosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fault_Detection_and_Diagnosis"},{"id":555504,"name":"Fault location","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fault_location"},{"id":1290065,"name":"ENERGIES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ENERGIES-1"},{"id":1320966,"name":"High Voltage Direct Current","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Voltage_Direct_Current"},{"id":3861058,"name":"DC Grid Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DC_Grid_Protection"}],"urls":[{"id":24286510,"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/24/6668/pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526555"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526555/THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THD improvement of phase voltages via injection of voltage in neutral conductor for three phase four wire distribution system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526555/THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system">THD improvement of phase voltages via injection of voltage in neutral conductor for three phase four wire distribution system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2018 International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET)</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discussed in this paper. Unbalanced systems and harmonic load causes harmonic current to flow through the neutral wire of the distribution transformer and hence decreases the transformer utilization factor and efficiency of the system. Increase in the amount of neutral current causes over burden of the neutral wire and increase losses. Nowadays series active power filters are widely used to mitigate the effect of harmonics and in the case of three phase transformer, three separate active filters are required to reduce the total harmonic distortion of each conductor. In this research only one active power filter is installed in the return path of neutral wire of three phase four wire system. Simulations carried out show that only placing a single filter in neutral path, the THD of phase conductor voltages is much improved. Matlab/Simulink platform is chosen to perform simulation and the results are discussed for non linear and unbalanced loads.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526555"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526555"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526555; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526555]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526555]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526555; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526555']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526555, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526555]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526555,"title":"THD improvement of phase voltages via injection of voltage in neutral conductor for three phase four wire distribution system","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discussed in this paper. Unbalanced systems and harmonic load causes harmonic current to flow through the neutral wire of the distribution transformer and hence decreases the transformer utilization factor and efficiency of the system. Increase in the amount of neutral current causes over burden of the neutral wire and increase losses. Nowadays series active power filters are widely used to mitigate the effect of harmonics and in the case of three phase transformer, three separate active filters are required to reduce the total harmonic distortion of each conductor. In this research only one active power filter is installed in the return path of neutral wire of three phase four wire system. Simulations carried out show that only placing a single filter in neutral path, the THD of phase conductor voltages is much improved. Matlab/Simulink platform is chosen to perform simulation and the results are discussed for non linear and unbalanced loads.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2018 International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET)"},"translated_abstract":"The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discussed in this paper. Unbalanced systems and harmonic load causes harmonic current to flow through the neutral wire of the distribution transformer and hence decreases the transformer utilization factor and efficiency of the system. Increase in the amount of neutral current causes over burden of the neutral wire and increase losses. Nowadays series active power filters are widely used to mitigate the effect of harmonics and in the case of three phase transformer, three separate active filters are required to reduce the total harmonic distortion of each conductor. In this research only one active power filter is installed in the return path of neutral wire of three phase four wire system. Simulations carried out show that only placing a single filter in neutral path, the THD of phase conductor voltages is much improved. Matlab/Simulink platform is chosen to perform simulation and the results are discussed for non linear and unbalanced loads.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526555/THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:00.893-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science"},{"id":111436,"name":"IEEE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IEEE"},{"id":117893,"name":"Transformer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformer"},{"id":310017,"name":"Conductor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conductor"},{"id":389165,"name":"Voltage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voltage"},{"id":667972,"name":"Power Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Factor"},{"id":825908,"name":"Harmonics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harmonics"},{"id":1180443,"name":"Three Phase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Phase"},{"id":1266594,"name":"Distribution Transformer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distribution_Transformer"},{"id":1269661,"name":"Total Harmonic Distortion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Harmonic_Distortion"}],"urls":[{"id":24286509,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8337998/8346308/08346393.pdf?arnumber=8346393"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526554"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526554/HVdc_Circuit_Breakers_Prospects_and_Challenges"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710396/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526554/HVdc_Circuit_Breakers_Prospects_and_Challenges">HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance has increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several HVdc circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared as prototypes for HVdc networks. This paper summarizes the HVdc breaker technologies from the last two decades, distributed mainly in literature. A comparison of various state–of–the–art HVdc breakers is presented. Further, areas are identified where further research and development are required. The goal is to provide primary challenges and prospects in the HVdc breaker field.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bf5043366d3f14fd0ca8fd9f09dacd29" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710396,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526554,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710396/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526554"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526554"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526554; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526554]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526554]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526554; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526554']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526554, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bf5043366d3f14fd0ca8fd9f09dacd29" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526554]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526554,"title":"HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526547"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526547/MT_HVdc_Systems_Fault_Classification_and_Location_Methods_Based_on_Traveling_and_Non_Traveling_Waves_A_Comprehensive_Review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of MT–HVdc Systems Fault Classification and Location Methods Based on Traveling and Non-Traveling Waves—A Comprehensive Review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710397/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526547/MT_HVdc_Systems_Fault_Classification_and_Location_Methods_Based_on_Traveling_and_Non_Traveling_Waves_A_Comprehensive_Review">MT–HVdc Systems Fault Classification and Location Methods Based on Traveling and Non-Traveling Waves—A Comprehensive Review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Sciences</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Estimation of fault classification and location in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Estimation of fault classification and location in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT–HVdc) transmission system is a challenging problem and is considered to be a fundamental maneuver of dc grid protection. This research paper critically reviews traveling and non-travelling wave methods of classification and location of dc faults in multi-terminal HVdc transmission systems. Detailed mathematical analysis of MT–HVdc systems composed of high grounding resistance, cable and overhead line segments, and bipolar coupled transmission network under healthy and faulty conditions, are evaluated. The gravity of this research paper addresses benefits and shortcomings of traveling and non-traveling wave methods and futuristic techniques of fault classification and location.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3a785cbe4c768864f9dfe7114b061f7e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710397,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526547,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710397/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526547"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526547"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526547; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526547]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526547]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526547; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526547']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526547, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3a785cbe4c768864f9dfe7114b061f7e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526547]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526547,"title":"MT–HVdc Systems Fault Classification and Location Methods Based on Traveling and Non-Traveling Waves—A Comprehensive Review","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Estimation of fault classification and location in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT–HVdc) transmission system is a challenging problem and is considered to be a fundamental maneuver of dc grid protection. 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This research paper critically reviews traveling and non-travelling wave methods of classification and location of dc faults in multi-terminal HVdc transmission systems. Detailed mathematical analysis of MT–HVdc systems composed of high grounding resistance, cable and overhead line segments, and bipolar coupled transmission network under healthy and faulty conditions, are evaluated. 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The HVDC transmission system is known for its low losses, effective control ability, efficiency and reliability. However, because of the sudden build-up of fault current in the HVDC transmission system, conventional relays and circuit breakers are required to be modified. Detection of fault location is an important parameter of protection of the HVDC transmission system. In this research paper, fault location methods based on traveling waves are reviewed for the HVDC transmission system. Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. Further, a two-terminal HVDC test grid is simulated over Matlab...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="188fd2da205b90aba04bfc74f090bcd8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710398,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526544,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710398/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526544"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526544]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526544']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526544, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "188fd2da205b90aba04bfc74f090bcd8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526544]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526544,"title":"Traveling Waves-Based Method for Fault Estimation in HVDC Transmission System","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The HVDC transmission system is winning hearts of researchers and electrical engineers because of its notable merits as compared to the HVAC transmission system in the case of long-distance bulk power transmission. The HVDC transmission system is known for its low losses, effective control ability, efficiency and reliability. However, because of the sudden build-up of fault current in the HVDC transmission system, conventional relays and circuit breakers are required to be modified. Detection of fault location is an important parameter of protection of the HVDC transmission system. In this research paper, fault location methods based on traveling waves are reviewed for the HVDC transmission system. Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. 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Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. 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Therefore, there is always a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">High standards of living are linked with the availability of energy. Therefore, there is always a requirement to modify existing power generating systems or to add new systems to fulfill the increasing demands of energy. It is becoming a core issue in the South Asian region so that at least current standards of living could be maintained by controlling growing energy rates and shortening the availability of conventional sources. Furnace oil is a residue obtained in the process of distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry. This furnace oil is applicable for power generation plants allied with the petroleum industry so that residue of oil refineries could be utilized. In this research, a furnace oil-based power plant is designed in electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) software. Moreover, steady-state and transient analysis of the proposed design of the power plant are conducted to increase practical viability of model. Load flow is analyzed to depict the performa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f8b8b69776e9d46d01ece2ca86d5dd1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710403,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526564,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710403/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526564"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526564"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526564; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526564]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526564]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526564; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526564']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526564, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8f8b8b69776e9d46d01ece2ca86d5dd1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526564]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526564,"title":"Comprehensive analysis and design of furnace oil-based power station using ETAP","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"High standards of living are linked with the availability of energy. Therefore, there is always a requirement to modify existing power generating systems or to add new systems to fulfill the increasing demands of energy. It is becoming a core issue in the South Asian region so that at least current standards of living could be maintained by controlling growing energy rates and shortening the availability of conventional sources. Furnace oil is a residue obtained in the process of distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry. This furnace oil is applicable for power generation plants allied with the petroleum industry so that residue of oil refineries could be utilized. In this research, a furnace oil-based power plant is designed in electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) software. Moreover, steady-state and transient analysis of the proposed design of the power plant are conducted to increase practical viability of model. Load flow is analyzed to depict the performa...","publisher":"Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)"},"translated_abstract":"High standards of living are linked with the availability of energy. Therefore, there is always a requirement to modify existing power generating systems or to add new systems to fulfill the increasing demands of energy. It is becoming a core issue in the South Asian region so that at least current standards of living could be maintained by controlling growing energy rates and shortening the availability of conventional sources. Furnace oil is a residue obtained in the process of distillation of crude oil in the petroleum industry. This furnace oil is applicable for power generation plants allied with the petroleum industry so that residue of oil refineries could be utilized. In this research, a furnace oil-based power plant is designed in electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) software. Moreover, steady-state and transient analysis of the proposed design of the power plant are conducted to increase practical viability of model. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526563"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526563/Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_Classification_Based_on_Boltzmann_Machine_Learning_for_HVDC_Transmission_Systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710439/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526563/Low_Impedance_Fault_Identification_and_Classification_Based_on_Boltzmann_Machine_Learning_for_HVDC_Transmission_Systems">Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy</span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A sudden rise of DC fault current must be identified and classified to immediately operate the corresponding interrupting mechanism. In this research, the Boltzmann machine learning (BML) approach is proposed for DC fault identification and classification using travelling waves generated at fault point in voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system. An unsupervised way of feature extraction is performed on the frequency spectrum of the travelling waves. Binomial class logistic regression classifies the HVDC system into faulty and healthy states. This proposed technique reduces fault identification and classification time because of reduced tagged data with few characteristics. Therefore, faults near or on converter stations are readily identified and classified. The proposed technique&amp;#39;s performance is assessed via simulations developed in ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2375d895f3a8adbfbb57c4e9f20bc25c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710439,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526563,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710439/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526563"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526563"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526563; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526563]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526563]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526563; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526563']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526563, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2375d895f3a8adbfbb57c4e9f20bc25c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526563]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526563,"title":"Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. 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The proposed technique\u0026#39;s performance is assessed via simulations developed in ...","publisher":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy"},"translated_abstract":"Fault identification and classification are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection. A sudden rise of DC fault current must be identified and classified to immediately operate the corresponding interrupting mechanism. In this research, the Boltzmann machine learning (BML) approach is proposed for DC fault identification and classification using travelling waves generated at fault point in voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system. An unsupervised way of feature extraction is performed on the frequency spectrum of the travelling waves. Binomial class logistic regression classifies the HVDC system into faulty and healthy states. This proposed technique reduces fault identification and classification time because of reduced tagged data with few characteristics. Therefore, faults near or on converter stations are readily identified and classified. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526560"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526560/Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithms in Real Time using Fast-NCC" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526560/Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC">Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithms in Real Time using Fast-NCC</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC)</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of computer vision. Advance target tracking techniques are used to overcome these problems, but few parameters are considered ideal in those scenarios, or those parameters are ignored. In this research, cross correlation technique is applied for target tracking which is famous for feature extraction in image processing. Further, normalized cross correlation and fast-normalized cross correlation are implemented and results are compared. As enormous computation is required in these techniques, real time target tracking is factual challenge faced by this technique. High performance embedded hardware is required to implement these techniques. In this research, digital signal processor embedded board TMS320DM642 is carefully chosen for this purpose. This board is equipped with evaluation module and video decoder. Above mentioned techniques are implemented on TMS320DM642 and their results are carefully analyzed in this research.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526560"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526560"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526560; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526560]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526560]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526560; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526560']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526560, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526560]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526560,"title":"Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithms in Real Time using Fast-NCC","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of computer vision. 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Above mentioned techniques are implemented on TMS320DM642 and their results are carefully analyzed in this research.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC)"},"translated_abstract":"Chaotic environment, irregular motion of objects creates challenging environment in the field of computer vision. Advance target tracking techniques are used to overcome these problems, but few parameters are considered ideal in those scenarios, or those parameters are ignored. In this research, cross correlation technique is applied for target tracking which is famous for feature extraction in image processing. Further, normalized cross correlation and fast-normalized cross correlation are implemented and results are compared. As enormous computation is required in these techniques, real time target tracking is factual challenge faced by this technique. High performance embedded hardware is required to implement these techniques. In this research, digital signal processor embedded board TMS320DM642 is carefully chosen for this purpose. This board is equipped with evaluation module and video decoder. Above mentioned techniques are implemented on TMS320DM642 and their results are carefully analyzed in this research.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526560/Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.946-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Implementation_and_Comparative_Analysis_of_Semi_Automated_Surveillance_Algorithms_in_Real_Time_using_Fast_NCC","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":9038,"name":"Digital Signal Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing"}],"urls":[{"id":24286514,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/9692906/9691502/09692936.pdf?arnumber=9692936"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526558"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526558/Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Hardware Optimization for Real-Time Target Tracking using Fast-Normalized Cross Correlation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526558/Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation">Hardware Optimization for Real-Time Target Tracking using Fast-Normalized Cross Correlation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2019 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital systems (C-CODE)</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target trac...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target tracking require some programmable embedded platform for implementation. In this research “TMS320DM642 evaluation module with TVP video decoders” digital signal processor (DSP) embedded board is chosen as platform for implementation of target tracking algorithm. Optimization of real time target tracking is limited to some extend for all techniques. These techniques with software constraints can be improved with hardware optimization algorithm. Hence major focus of this research is to monitor results of hardware optimization algorithm. These optimization techniques provides efficient utilization of existing hardware resources. Various techniques like central processing unit (CPU) optimization, memory optimization and minimization of code are applied on target tracking algorithm using fast normalized cross correlation. Results are then investigated and studied to observe the enhancement in Process time, frame rate, accuracy and power consumption.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526558"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526558"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526558; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526558]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526558]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526558; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526558']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526558, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526558]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526558,"title":"Hardware Optimization for Real-Time Target Tracking using Fast-Normalized Cross Correlation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target tracking require some programmable embedded platform for implementation. In this research “TMS320DM642 evaluation module with TVP video decoders” digital signal processor (DSP) embedded board is chosen as platform for implementation of target tracking algorithm. Optimization of real time target tracking is limited to some extend for all techniques. These techniques with software constraints can be improved with hardware optimization algorithm. Hence major focus of this research is to monitor results of hardware optimization algorithm. These optimization techniques provides efficient utilization of existing hardware resources. Various techniques like central processing unit (CPU) optimization, memory optimization and minimization of code are applied on target tracking algorithm using fast normalized cross correlation. Results are then investigated and studied to observe the enhancement in Process time, frame rate, accuracy and power consumption.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2019 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital systems (C-CODE)"},"translated_abstract":"Target tracking in real time is existing challenge for developers. The algorithms for target tracking require some programmable embedded platform for implementation. In this research “TMS320DM642 evaluation module with TVP video decoders” digital signal processor (DSP) embedded board is chosen as platform for implementation of target tracking algorithm. Optimization of real time target tracking is limited to some extend for all techniques. These techniques with software constraints can be improved with hardware optimization algorithm. Hence major focus of this research is to monitor results of hardware optimization algorithm. These optimization techniques provides efficient utilization of existing hardware resources. Various techniques like central processing unit (CPU) optimization, memory optimization and minimization of code are applied on target tracking algorithm using fast normalized cross correlation. Results are then investigated and studied to observe the enhancement in Process time, frame rate, accuracy and power consumption.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526558/Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.530-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Hardware_Optimization_for_Real_Time_Target_Tracking_using_Fast_Normalized_Cross_Correlation","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"}],"urls":[{"id":24286512,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8677306/8680965/08681026.pdf?arnumber=8681026"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526557"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526557/Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Analytical behaviour of line asymmetries in three phase power systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526557/Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems">Analytical behaviour of line asymmetries in three phase power systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE)</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help of symmetrical component transformation. Balanced power system does not require symmetrical transformation. This transformation is highly helpful for pre and post power flow analysis in the power system. Due to inductive effect of transmission lines and reactive loads, there always exists a mutual coupling between transmission lines resulting in asymmetries. Such asymmetries also affect the symmetrical components. This effect gives rise to a concept of voltage imbalance emission. In this research paper, analysis is carried out for voltage imbalanced emission for symmetrical component circuit. Matlab / Simulink will be used to carry out the simulations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526557"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526557"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526557; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526557]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526557]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526557; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526557']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526557, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526557]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526557,"title":"Analytical behaviour of line asymmetries in three phase power systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help of symmetrical component transformation. Balanced power system does not require symmetrical transformation. This transformation is highly helpful for pre and post power flow analysis in the power system. Due to inductive effect of transmission lines and reactive loads, there always exists a mutual coupling between transmission lines resulting in asymmetries. Such asymmetries also affect the symmetrical components. This effect gives rise to a concept of voltage imbalance emission. In this research paper, analysis is carried out for voltage imbalanced emission for symmetrical component circuit. Matlab / Simulink will be used to carry out the simulations.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2017 International Symposium on Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering (RAEE)"},"translated_abstract":"Three phase unbalanced power systems or asymmetrical lines are analyzed efficiently with the help of symmetrical component transformation. Balanced power system does not require symmetrical transformation. This transformation is highly helpful for pre and post power flow analysis in the power system. Due to inductive effect of transmission lines and reactive loads, there always exists a mutual coupling between transmission lines resulting in asymmetries. Such asymmetries also affect the symmetrical components. This effect gives rise to a concept of voltage imbalance emission. In this research paper, analysis is carried out for voltage imbalanced emission for symmetrical component circuit. Matlab / Simulink will be used to carry out the simulations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526557/Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:01.349-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Analytical_behaviour_of_line_asymmetries_in_three_phase_power_systems","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics"},{"id":111436,"name":"IEEE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IEEE"}],"urls":[{"id":24286511,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8232888/8246024/08246143.pdf?arnumber=8246143"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526556"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526556/A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based_Protection_Technique_for_MT_HVDC_Systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710400/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526556/A_Support_Vector_Machine_Learning_Based_Protection_Technique_for_MT_HVDC_Systems">A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Energies</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet the increasing demands of bulk energy and encourage interconnected power systems to incorporate renewable energy sources without any fear of loss of synchronism, reliability, and efficiency. The main challenge associated with DC grid protection is the timely diagnosis of DC faults because of its rapid built up, resulting in failures of power electronic circuitries. Therefore, the demolition of HVDC systems is evaded by identification, classification, and location of DC faults within milliseconds (ms). In this research, the support vector machine (SVM)-based protection algorithm is developed so that DC faults could be identified, classified, and located in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) systems. A four-terminal HVDC system is developed in Matlab/Simulink for the analysis of DC voltages and currents. Pole to ground and pole to pole faults are applied at different locat...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="51a8225197f11f81783a4cde4e74d724" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710400,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526556,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710400/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526556"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526556"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526556; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526556]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526556]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526556; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526556']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526556, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "51a8225197f11f81783a4cde4e74d724" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526556]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526556,"title":"A Support Vector Machine Learning-Based Protection Technique for MT-HVDC Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet the increasing demands of bulk energy and encourage interconnected power systems to incorporate renewable energy sources without any fear of loss of synchronism, reliability, and efficiency. The main challenge associated with DC grid protection is the timely diagnosis of DC faults because of its rapid built up, resulting in failures of power electronic circuitries. Therefore, the demolition of HVDC systems is evaded by identification, classification, and location of DC faults within milliseconds (ms). In this research, the support vector machine (SVM)-based protection algorithm is developed so that DC faults could be identified, classified, and located in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) systems. A four-terminal HVDC system is developed in Matlab/Simulink for the analysis of DC voltages and currents. Pole to ground and pole to pole faults are applied at different locat...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Energies"},"translated_abstract":"High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are suitable for power transfer to meet the increasing demands of bulk energy and encourage interconnected power systems to incorporate renewable energy sources without any fear of loss of synchronism, reliability, and efficiency. The main challenge associated with DC grid protection is the timely diagnosis of DC faults because of its rapid built up, resulting in failures of power electronic circuitries. Therefore, the demolition of HVDC systems is evaded by identification, classification, and location of DC faults within milliseconds (ms). In this research, the support vector machine (SVM)-based protection algorithm is developed so that DC faults could be identified, classified, and located in multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT-HVDC) systems. A four-terminal HVDC system is developed in Matlab/Simulink for the analysis of DC voltages and currents. Pole to ground and pole to pole faults are applied at different 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526555"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526555/THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of THD improvement of phase voltages via injection of voltage in neutral conductor for three phase four wire distribution system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526555/THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system">THD improvement of phase voltages via injection of voltage in neutral conductor for three phase four wire distribution system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2018 International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET)</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discu...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discussed in this paper. Unbalanced systems and harmonic load causes harmonic current to flow through the neutral wire of the distribution transformer and hence decreases the transformer utilization factor and efficiency of the system. Increase in the amount of neutral current causes over burden of the neutral wire and increase losses. Nowadays series active power filters are widely used to mitigate the effect of harmonics and in the case of three phase transformer, three separate active filters are required to reduce the total harmonic distortion of each conductor. In this research only one active power filter is installed in the return path of neutral wire of three phase four wire system. Simulations carried out show that only placing a single filter in neutral path, the THD of phase conductor voltages is much improved. Matlab/Simulink platform is chosen to perform simulation and the results are discussed for non linear and unbalanced loads.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526555"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526555"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526555; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526555]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526555]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526555; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526555']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526555, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526555]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526555,"title":"THD improvement of phase voltages via injection of voltage in neutral conductor for three phase four wire distribution system","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discussed in this paper. Unbalanced systems and harmonic load causes harmonic current to flow through the neutral wire of the distribution transformer and hence decreases the transformer utilization factor and efficiency of the system. Increase in the amount of neutral current causes over burden of the neutral wire and increase losses. Nowadays series active power filters are widely used to mitigate the effect of harmonics and in the case of three phase transformer, three separate active filters are required to reduce the total harmonic distortion of each conductor. In this research only one active power filter is installed in the return path of neutral wire of three phase four wire system. Simulations carried out show that only placing a single filter in neutral path, the THD of phase conductor voltages is much improved. Matlab/Simulink platform is chosen to perform simulation and the results are discussed for non linear and unbalanced loads.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2018 International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET)"},"translated_abstract":"The effect of non-linear and unbalanced loads on the three phase four wire transformers are discussed in this paper. Unbalanced systems and harmonic load causes harmonic current to flow through the neutral wire of the distribution transformer and hence decreases the transformer utilization factor and efficiency of the system. Increase in the amount of neutral current causes over burden of the neutral wire and increase losses. Nowadays series active power filters are widely used to mitigate the effect of harmonics and in the case of three phase transformer, three separate active filters are required to reduce the total harmonic distortion of each conductor. In this research only one active power filter is installed in the return path of neutral wire of three phase four wire system. Simulations carried out show that only placing a single filter in neutral path, the THD of phase conductor voltages is much improved. Matlab/Simulink platform is chosen to perform simulation and the results are discussed for non linear and unbalanced loads.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526555/THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:47:00.893-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"THD_improvement_of_phase_voltages_via_injection_of_voltage_in_neutral_conductor_for_three_phase_four_wire_distribution_system","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science"},{"id":111436,"name":"IEEE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IEEE"},{"id":117893,"name":"Transformer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformer"},{"id":310017,"name":"Conductor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conductor"},{"id":389165,"name":"Voltage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voltage"},{"id":667972,"name":"Power Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Factor"},{"id":825908,"name":"Harmonics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Harmonics"},{"id":1180443,"name":"Three Phase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Phase"},{"id":1266594,"name":"Distribution Transformer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distribution_Transformer"},{"id":1269661,"name":"Total Harmonic Distortion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Harmonic_Distortion"}],"urls":[{"id":24286509,"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx7/8337998/8346308/08346393.pdf?arnumber=8346393"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526554"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526554/HVdc_Circuit_Breakers_Prospects_and_Challenges"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710396/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526554/HVdc_Circuit_Breakers_Prospects_and_Challenges">HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltag...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance has increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several HVdc circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared as prototypes for HVdc networks. This paper summarizes the HVdc breaker technologies from the last two decades, distributed mainly in literature. A comparison of various state–of–the–art HVdc breakers is presented. Further, areas are identified where further research and development are required. The goal is to provide primary challenges and prospects in the HVdc breaker field.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bf5043366d3f14fd0ca8fd9f09dacd29" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710396,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526554,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710396/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526554"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526554"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526554; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526554]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526554]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526554; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526554']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526554, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bf5043366d3f14fd0ca8fd9f09dacd29" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526554]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526554,"title":"HVdc Circuit Breakers: Prospects and Challenges","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance has increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several HVdc circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared as prototypes for HVdc networks. This paper summarizes the HVdc breaker technologies from the last two decades, distributed mainly in literature. A comparison of various state–of–the–art HVdc breakers is presented. Further, areas are identified where further research and development are required. The goal is to provide primary challenges and prospects in the HVdc breaker field.","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Applied Sciences"},"translated_abstract":"The integration of offshore wind farms has revitalized the interest in multi–terminal high voltage direct current (M–HVdc) transmission grids. HVdc breakers’ importance has increased as M–HVdc grids are now a commercial truth. Several HVdc circuit breaker technologies have been developed, published, and appeared as prototypes for HVdc networks. This paper summarizes the HVdc breaker technologies from the last two decades, distributed mainly in literature. A comparison of various state–of–the–art HVdc breakers is presented. Further, areas are identified where further research and development are required. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526547"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526547/MT_HVdc_Systems_Fault_Classification_and_Location_Methods_Based_on_Traveling_and_Non_Traveling_Waves_A_Comprehensive_Review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of MT–HVdc Systems Fault Classification and Location Methods Based on Traveling and Non-Traveling Waves—A Comprehensive Review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710397/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526547/MT_HVdc_Systems_Fault_Classification_and_Location_Methods_Based_on_Traveling_and_Non_Traveling_Waves_A_Comprehensive_Review">MT–HVdc Systems Fault Classification and Location Methods Based on Traveling and Non-Traveling Waves—A Comprehensive Review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Applied Sciences</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Estimation of fault classification and location in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Estimation of fault classification and location in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT–HVdc) transmission system is a challenging problem and is considered to be a fundamental maneuver of dc grid protection. This research paper critically reviews traveling and non-travelling wave methods of classification and location of dc faults in multi-terminal HVdc transmission systems. Detailed mathematical analysis of MT–HVdc systems composed of high grounding resistance, cable and overhead line segments, and bipolar coupled transmission network under healthy and faulty conditions, are evaluated. The gravity of this research paper addresses benefits and shortcomings of traveling and non-traveling wave methods and futuristic techniques of fault classification and location.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3a785cbe4c768864f9dfe7114b061f7e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710397,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526547,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710397/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526547"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526547"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526547; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526547]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526547]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526547; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526547']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526547, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3a785cbe4c768864f9dfe7114b061f7e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526547]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526547,"title":"MT–HVdc Systems Fault Classification and Location Methods Based on Traveling and Non-Traveling Waves—A Comprehensive Review","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Estimation of fault classification and location in a multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MT–HVdc) transmission system is a challenging problem and is considered to be a fundamental maneuver of dc grid protection. 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This research paper critically reviews traveling and non-travelling wave methods of classification and location of dc faults in multi-terminal HVdc transmission systems. Detailed mathematical analysis of MT–HVdc systems composed of high grounding resistance, cable and overhead line segments, and bipolar coupled transmission network under healthy and faulty conditions, are evaluated. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526544"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526544/Traveling_Waves_Based_Method_for_Fault_Estimation_in_HVDC_Transmission_System"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Traveling Waves-Based Method for Fault Estimation in HVDC Transmission System" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91710398/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526544/Traveling_Waves_Based_Method_for_Fault_Estimation_in_HVDC_Transmission_System">Traveling Waves-Based Method for Fault Estimation in HVDC Transmission System</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Energies</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The HVDC transmission system is winning hearts of researchers and electrical engineers because of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The HVDC transmission system is winning hearts of researchers and electrical engineers because of its notable merits as compared to the HVAC transmission system in the case of long-distance bulk power transmission. The HVDC transmission system is known for its low losses, effective control ability, efficiency and reliability. However, because of the sudden build-up of fault current in the HVDC transmission system, conventional relays and circuit breakers are required to be modified. Detection of fault location is an important parameter of protection of the HVDC transmission system. In this research paper, fault location methods based on traveling waves are reviewed for the HVDC transmission system. Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. Further, a two-terminal HVDC test grid is simulated over Matlab...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="188fd2da205b90aba04bfc74f090bcd8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:91710398,&quot;asset_id&quot;:87526544,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91710398/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526544"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526544]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526544']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526544, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "188fd2da205b90aba04bfc74f090bcd8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526544]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526544,"title":"Traveling Waves-Based Method for Fault Estimation in HVDC Transmission System","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The HVDC transmission system is winning hearts of researchers and electrical engineers because of its notable merits as compared to the HVAC transmission system in the case of long-distance bulk power transmission. The HVDC transmission system is known for its low losses, effective control ability, efficiency and reliability. However, because of the sudden build-up of fault current in the HVDC transmission system, conventional relays and circuit breakers are required to be modified. Detection of fault location is an important parameter of protection of the HVDC transmission system. In this research paper, fault location methods based on traveling waves are reviewed for the HVDC transmission system. Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. Further, a two-terminal HVDC test grid is simulated over Matlab...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Energies"},"translated_abstract":"The HVDC transmission system is winning hearts of researchers and electrical engineers because of its notable merits as compared to the HVAC transmission system in the case of long-distance bulk power transmission. The HVDC transmission system is known for its low losses, effective control ability, efficiency and reliability. However, because of the sudden build-up of fault current in the HVDC transmission system, conventional relays and circuit breakers are required to be modified. Detection of fault location is an important parameter of protection of the HVDC transmission system. In this research paper, fault location methods based on traveling waves are reviewed for the HVDC transmission system. Arrival time and natural frequency are the two parameters of measurement in traveling waves. Advantages and disadvantages of methods of traveling waves with respect to their quantities of measurements are analyzed critically. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/87526541/Stochastic_based_neighbor_exploration_in_60_GHz_networks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Stochastic based neighbor exploration in 60 GHz networks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526541/Stochastic_based_neighbor_exploration_in_60_GHz_networks">Stochastic based neighbor exploration in 60 GHz networks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2015 12th International Conference on High-capacity Optical Networks and Enabling/Emerging Technologies (HONET)</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">60 GHz is drawing attentions because of higher bandwidth applications, license free spectrum of 5...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">60 GHz is drawing attentions because of higher bandwidth applications, license free spectrum of 59-64 GHz, enhanced security features and greater immunity to interference in wireless communication. However 60 GHz technology comes across significant path losses which increase with the square of frequency. The path losses can be overcome by deployment of directional antennas. In this research work, neighbor exploration techniques are examined and compared when directional antennas are deployed in indoor communication networks. Further, network connectivity requirement is derived in a stochastic way. Simulation environment is established in Matlab. Neighbor exploration techniques are simulated and analyzed by varying the dimensions of home networks, beam width and number of nodes. Network connectivity is analyzed by varying the beam width and number of nodes in an indoor communication network.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526541"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526541"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526541; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526541]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526541]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526541; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526541']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526541, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526541]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526541,"title":"Stochastic based neighbor exploration in 60 GHz networks","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"60 GHz is drawing attentions because of higher bandwidth applications, license free spectrum of 59-64 GHz, enhanced security features and greater immunity to interference in wireless communication. 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Network connectivity is analyzed by varying the beam width and number of nodes in an indoor communication network.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2015 12th International Conference on High-capacity Optical Networks and Enabling/Emerging Technologies (HONET)"},"translated_abstract":"60 GHz is drawing attentions because of higher bandwidth applications, license free spectrum of 59-64 GHz, enhanced security features and greater immunity to interference in wireless communication. However 60 GHz technology comes across significant path losses which increase with the square of frequency. The path losses can be overcome by deployment of directional antennas. In this research work, neighbor exploration techniques are examined and compared when directional antennas are deployed in indoor communication networks. Further, network connectivity requirement is derived in a stochastic way. Simulation environment is established in Matlab. Neighbor exploration techniques are simulated and analyzed by varying the dimensions of home networks, beam width and number of nodes. Network connectivity is analyzed by varying the beam width and number of nodes in an indoor communication network.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526541/Stochastic_based_neighbor_exploration_in_60_GHz_networks","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:46:58.825-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Stochastic_based_neighbor_exploration_in_60_GHz_networks","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering"},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87526540"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526540/Non_linear_analytic_approaches_of_power_flow_analysis_and_voltage_profile_improvement"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Non-linear analytic approaches of power flow analysis and voltage profile improvement" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/87526540/Non_linear_analytic_approaches_of_power_flow_analysis_and_voltage_profile_improvement">Non-linear analytic approaches of power flow analysis and voltage profile improvement</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2015 Power Generation System and Renewable Energy Technologies (PGSRET)</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Power-flow analysis or load flow analysis is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Power-flow analysis or load flow analysis is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power in an interconnected system. The goal of this analysis is to obtain complete information of angle and magnitude of voltage for each bus in a power system for specified load and generator real power and voltage conditions. Once the required information is achieved, real and reactive power flow on each branch as well as generator reactive power output can be analytically determined. Due to the nonlinear nature of this problem, numerical methods are employed to obtain a solution within an acceptable tolerance. In this paper, Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson and Fast-Decoupled methods are compared with respect to their performances, convergence rates and outputs for IEEE 14 bus system. Further, fact controllers i.e., static VAR compensator for improvement in the voltage profile is also designed and implemented and a comparison will also be drawn between the voltage profiles with or without the absence of fact controllers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87526540"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87526540"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526540; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526540]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=87526540]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87526540; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='87526540']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 87526540, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=87526540]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":87526540,"title":"Non-linear analytic approaches of power flow analysis and voltage profile improvement","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Power-flow analysis or load flow analysis is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power in an interconnected system. The goal of this analysis is to obtain complete information of angle and magnitude of voltage for each bus in a power system for specified load and generator real power and voltage conditions. Once the required information is achieved, real and reactive power flow on each branch as well as generator reactive power output can be analytically determined. Due to the nonlinear nature of this problem, numerical methods are employed to obtain a solution within an acceptable tolerance. In this paper, Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson and Fast-Decoupled methods are compared with respect to their performances, convergence rates and outputs for IEEE 14 bus system. Further, fact controllers i.e., static VAR compensator for improvement in the voltage profile is also designed and implemented and a comparison will also be drawn between the voltage profiles with or without the absence of fact controllers.","publisher":"IEEE","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2015 Power Generation System and Renewable Energy Technologies (PGSRET)"},"translated_abstract":"Power-flow analysis or load flow analysis is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power in an interconnected system. The goal of this analysis is to obtain complete information of angle and magnitude of voltage for each bus in a power system for specified load and generator real power and voltage conditions. Once the required information is achieved, real and reactive power flow on each branch as well as generator reactive power output can be analytically determined. Due to the nonlinear nature of this problem, numerical methods are employed to obtain a solution within an acceptable tolerance. In this paper, Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson and Fast-Decoupled methods are compared with respect to their performances, convergence rates and outputs for IEEE 14 bus system. Further, fact controllers i.e., static VAR compensator for improvement in the voltage profile is also designed and implemented and a comparison will also be drawn between the voltage profiles with or without the absence of fact controllers.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87526540/Non_linear_analytic_approaches_of_power_flow_analysis_and_voltage_profile_improvement","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-09-28T21:46:58.675-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Non_linear_analytic_approaches_of_power_flow_analysis_and_voltage_profile_improvement","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":111436,"name":"IEEE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IEEE"},{"id":1191167,"name":"Power flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_flow"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="63720763"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/63720763/Analysis_of_path_losses_and_isolation_in_60_GHz_networks_and_design_of_intelligent_neighbor_scanning"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of path losses and isolation in 60 GHz networks and design of intelligent neighbor scanning" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/63720763/Analysis_of_path_losses_and_isolation_in_60_GHz_networks_and_design_of_intelligent_neighbor_scanning">Analysis of path losses and isolation in 60 GHz networks and design of intelligent neighbor scanning</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2015 Fourth International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="63720763"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63720763"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63720763; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63720763]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63720763]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63720763; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='63720763']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63720763, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="58383206"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/58383206/Fault_Classification_and_Location_in_MT_HVDC_Systems_Based_on_Machine_Learning"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Fault Classification and Location in MT-HVDC Systems Based on Machine Learning" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/58383206/Fault_Classification_and_Location_in_MT_HVDC_Systems_Based_on_Machine_Learning">Fault Classification and Location in MT-HVDC Systems Based on Machine Learning</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Artificial Intelligence Applications in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems Protection</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="58383206"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="58383206"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58383206; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58383206]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58383206]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 58383206; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='58383206']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58383206, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="57060491"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/57060491/Comprehensive_Analysis_of_Planning_Operation_and_Protection_of_Microgrid_Systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comprehensive Analysis of Planning Operation and Protection of Microgrid Systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72141142/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/57060491/Comprehensive_Analysis_of_Planning_Operation_and_Protection_of_Microgrid_Systems">Comprehensive Analysis of Planning Operation and Protection of Microgrid Systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Energy Research and Reviews</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Microgrid is a decentralized system in which electrical sources and loads are connected in a way ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Microgrid is a decentralized system in which electrical sources and loads are connected in a way that operates normally in connection with and in synchronous with conventional grid. This system has the ability to work autonomously by disconnecting from conventional grid in island mode. Microgrid offers large number of advantages in power system. Among them, integration of renewable energy sources, reliability, two-way power flow and cost effectiveness are the significant merits of microgrids. Besides its advantages, different challenges are associated with the planning, operation and protection of microgrid systems. Safe two-way power flow, reliable switching of renewable energy, optimal power flow, quick isolation of faulty part from healthy system and incorporation of energy mix modeling are the major challenges behind its real time implementation. In this research, comprehensive analysis is carried out on the planning, operation and protection of microgrid model. A test system is...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="740cdc1830c5e1ce96991b7847229408" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:72141142,&quot;asset_id&quot;:57060491,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72141142/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="57060491"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="57060491"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57060491; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57060491]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57060491]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57060491; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='57060491']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 57060491, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "740cdc1830c5e1ce96991b7847229408" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=57060491]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":57060491,"title":"Comprehensive Analysis of Planning Operation and Protection of Microgrid Systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Microgrid is a decentralized system in which electrical sources and loads are connected in a way that operates normally in connection with and in synchronous with conventional grid. This system has the ability to work autonomously by disconnecting from conventional grid in island mode. Microgrid offers large number of advantages in power system. Among them, integration of renewable energy sources, reliability, two-way power flow and cost effectiveness are the significant merits of microgrids. Besides its advantages, different challenges are associated with the planning, operation and protection of microgrid systems. Safe two-way power flow, reliable switching of renewable energy, optimal power flow, quick isolation of faulty part from healthy system and incorporation of energy mix modeling are the major challenges behind its real time implementation. In this research, comprehensive analysis is carried out on the planning, operation and protection of microgrid model. A test system is...","publisher":"Sciencedomain International","publication_name":"Journal of Energy Research and Reviews"},"translated_abstract":"Microgrid is a decentralized system in which electrical sources and loads are connected in a way that operates normally in connection with and in synchronous with conventional grid. This system has the ability to work autonomously by disconnecting from conventional grid in island mode. Microgrid offers large number of advantages in power system. Among them, integration of renewable energy sources, reliability, two-way power flow and cost effectiveness are the significant merits of microgrids. Besides its advantages, different challenges are associated with the planning, operation and protection of microgrid systems. Safe two-way power flow, reliable switching of renewable energy, optimal power flow, quick isolation of faulty part from healthy system and incorporation of energy mix modeling are the major challenges behind its real time implementation. In this research, comprehensive analysis is carried out on the planning, operation and protection of microgrid model. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="49833266"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/49833266/Forward_and_Inverse_Problem_Formulation_of_Optical_Tomography_Based_on_Equation_of_Radiative_Transfer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Forward and Inverse Problem Formulation of Optical Tomography Based on Equation of Radiative Transfer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/49833266/Forward_and_Inverse_Problem_Formulation_of_Optical_Tomography_Based_on_Equation_of_Radiative_Transfer">Forward and Inverse Problem Formulation of Optical Tomography Based on Equation of Radiative Transfer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>British Journal of Applied Science &amp; Technology</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="49833266"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49833266"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49833266; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49833266]").text(description); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="46422946"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/46422946/Maximization_of_Transfer_Ratio_and_Minimization_of_Harmonics_in_Three_Phase_AC_AC_Matrix_Converter"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Maximization of Transfer Ratio and Minimization of Harmonics in Three Phase AC/AC Matrix Converter" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/46422946/Maximization_of_Transfer_Ratio_and_Minimization_of_Harmonics_in_Three_Phase_AC_AC_Matrix_Converter">Maximization of Transfer Ratio and Minimization of Harmonics in Three Phase AC/AC Matrix Converter</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>British Journal of Applied Science &amp; Technology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="46422946"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46422946"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46422946; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46422946]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46422946]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=46422946]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":46422946,"title":"Maximization of Transfer Ratio and Minimization of Harmonics in Three Phase AC/AC Matrix Converter","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Sciencedomain International","publication_name":"British Journal of Applied Science \u0026 Technology"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/46422946/Maximization_of_Transfer_Ratio_and_Minimization_of_Harmonics_in_Three_Phase_AC_AC_Matrix_Converter","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-04-09T20:54:31.245-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":36997899,"work_id":46422946,"tagging_user_id":346125,"tagged_user_id":81002333,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"u***9@gmail.com","display_order":0,"name":"Umair Tahir","title":"Maximization of Transfer Ratio and Minimization of Harmonics in Three Phase AC/AC Matrix Converter"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Maximization_of_Transfer_Ratio_and_Minimization_of_Harmonics_in_Three_Phase_AC_AC_Matrix_Converter","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="44726213"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/44726213/Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control_of_Switched_Reluctance_Motor_for_Torque_Ripple_Reduction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Artificial Neural Network-Based Control of Switched Reluctance Motor for Torque Ripple Reduction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65208958/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/44726213/Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control_of_Switched_Reluctance_Motor_for_Torque_Ripple_Reduction">Artificial Neural Network-Based Control of Switched Reluctance Motor for Torque Ripple Reduction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IqraTariq33">Iqra Tariq</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel">Raheel Muzzammel</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Mathematical Problems in Engineering</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Switched reluctance motor is acquiring major attention because of its simple design, economic dev...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Switched reluctance motor is acquiring major attention because of its simple design, economic development, and reduced dependability. These attributes make switched reluctance motors superior to other variable speed machines. The major challenge associated with the development of a switched reluctance motor is its high torque ripple. Torque ripple produces noise and vibration, resulting in degradation of its performance. Various techniques are developed to cope with torque ripples. Practically, there exists not a single mature technique for the minimization of torque ripples in switched reluctance motors. In this research, a switched reluctance motor is modelled and analysed. Its speed and current control are implemented through artificial neural networks. Artificial neural network is found to be a promising technique as compared with other techniques because of its accuracy, reduced complexity, stability, and generalization. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is utilized in artificial neural networks due to its fast and stable convergence for training and testing. It is found from research that artificial neural network-based improved control shows better performance of the switched reluctance motor. Realization of this technique is further validated from its mean square error analysis. Operating parameters of the switched reluctance motor are improved significantly. Simulation environment is created in Matlab/Simulink.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="98ab08bb42e70e05f1349d99fa2edfe8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:65208958,&quot;asset_id&quot;:44726213,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;profile&quot;}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65208958/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="44726213"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44726213"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44726213; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44726213]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44726213]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44726213; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='44726213']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44726213, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "98ab08bb42e70e05f1349d99fa2edfe8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=44726213]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":44726213,"title":"Artificial Neural Network-Based Control of Switched Reluctance Motor for Torque Ripple Reduction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1155/2020/9812715","abstract":"Switched reluctance motor is acquiring major attention because of its simple design, economic development, and reduced dependability. These attributes make switched reluctance motors superior to other variable speed machines. The major challenge associated with the development of a switched reluctance motor is its high torque ripple. Torque ripple produces noise and vibration, resulting in degradation of its performance. Various techniques are developed to cope with torque ripples. Practically, there exists not a single mature technique for the minimization of torque ripples in switched reluctance motors. In this research, a switched reluctance motor is modelled and analysed. Its speed and current control are implemented through artificial neural networks. Artificial neural network is found to be a promising technique as compared with other techniques because of its accuracy, reduced complexity, stability, and generalization. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is utilized in artificial neural networks due to its fast and stable convergence for training and testing. It is found from research that artificial neural network-based improved control shows better performance of the switched reluctance motor. Realization of this technique is further validated from its mean square error analysis. Operating parameters of the switched reluctance motor are improved significantly. Simulation environment is created in Matlab/Simulink.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Mathematical Problems in Engineering"},"translated_abstract":"Switched reluctance motor is acquiring major attention because of its simple design, economic development, and reduced dependability. These attributes make switched reluctance motors superior to other variable speed machines. The major challenge associated with the development of a switched reluctance motor is its high torque ripple. Torque ripple produces noise and vibration, resulting in degradation of its performance. Various techniques are developed to cope with torque ripples. Practically, there exists not a single mature technique for the minimization of torque ripples in switched reluctance motors. In this research, a switched reluctance motor is modelled and analysed. Its speed and current control are implemented through artificial neural networks. Artificial neural network is found to be a promising technique as compared with other techniques because of its accuracy, reduced complexity, stability, and generalization. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is utilized in artificial neural networks due to its fast and stable convergence for training and testing. It is found from research that artificial neural network-based improved control shows better performance of the switched reluctance motor. Realization of this technique is further validated from its mean square error analysis. Operating parameters of the switched reluctance motor are improved significantly. Simulation environment is created in Matlab/Simulink.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44726213/Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control_of_Switched_Reluctance_Motor_for_Torque_Ripple_Reduction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-12-17T10:03:23.804-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":36077276,"work_id":44726213,"tagging_user_id":346125,"tagged_user_id":60184472,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***q@gmail.com","display_order":0,"name":"Iqra Tariq","title":"Artificial Neural Network-Based Control of Switched Reluctance Motor for Torque Ripple Reduction"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65208958,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65208958/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9812715.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65208958/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65208958/9812715-libre.pdf?1608228320=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArtificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=dspUyGFxYaklWoSqNEW5rOYX4LN87k6lWL18lc~rudztZkt8mCioqdBnSeILXvw07UCvlOrundKIx8441YWBflnoX2k-hhJwBiBcRYnWhEK6ZA6OQ-Ah2vGZMTtFfy-458Y-B18ye8EeTuYJMsQ0RTWUyGVhJbgrzrnRm5DALigIBMQCJGT2x7yG7ZI5syFBCLql8oR-fzyJcmpJsyEUENRX-dCwwGPzhWyJzrtXBJ7nU4tjB0W-22jrxXpg~0S1bcsW32ZsMOBQG5YFvQrZUnpQ4mlJi9Y6RtwhCD8Oylc8gEF418P6JcspdgA3YaCQsNLxty2b~FDOy33EKw0AAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control_of_Switched_Reluctance_Motor_for_Torque_Ripple_Reduction","translated_slug":"","page_count":31,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[{"id":65208958,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65208958/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9812715.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65208958/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjQ1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65208958/9812715-libre.pdf?1608228320=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArtificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=dspUyGFxYaklWoSqNEW5rOYX4LN87k6lWL18lc~rudztZkt8mCioqdBnSeILXvw07UCvlOrundKIx8441YWBflnoX2k-hhJwBiBcRYnWhEK6ZA6OQ-Ah2vGZMTtFfy-458Y-B18ye8EeTuYJMsQ0RTWUyGVhJbgrzrnRm5DALigIBMQCJGT2x7yG7ZI5syFBCLql8oR-fzyJcmpJsyEUENRX-dCwwGPzhWyJzrtXBJ7nU4tjB0W-22jrxXpg~0S1bcsW32ZsMOBQG5YFvQrZUnpQ4mlJi9Y6RtwhCD8Oylc8gEF418P6JcspdgA3YaCQsNLxty2b~FDOy33EKw0AAA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":65208957,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65208957/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9812715.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65208957/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Artificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65208957/9812715-libre.pdf?1608228319=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArtificial_Neural_Network_Based_Control.pdf\u0026Expires=1732456055\u0026Signature=NC3ZNKyN8b3HGhuw5skwRMFQQviMPjn1ib1yqoJpVC7Cm0GJ25M7zxIxpqzn6FEGb6s~JZeC5YzEqW1TlCijWgm793N37wNrN3mGeByypx92BK97w9dj2wu2HYLLrswssR2IKFslLi5Y7ee4~xHdJwydSna2532T-2ijNo2DmO2y93TEJ4xiYM3-nr~jU2JUZME-TqP8XCK7Rg3nSEPJgjMtpWTNFTUwKKo4w9cbaD7h~UeHGzu9hka8Y0aR3Z39I8qm9799DptxbYvjilYfMoF56jKi7usyAbee0TeFE1qOM7nV48RC~rA20n4tInpm-IwZM9zTDjytp8R~vD7m6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2696,"name":"Power Electronics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Electronics"},{"id":34819,"name":"Electric Power Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Power_Systems"},{"id":54123,"name":"Artificial Neural Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Neural_Networks"},{"id":742001,"name":"SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SWITCHED_RELUCTANCE_MOTOR"}],"urls":[{"id":9167180,"url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/mpe/2020/9812715.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="44064524"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/44064524/Restricted_Boltzmann_Machines_Based_Fault_Estimation_in_Multi_Terminal_HVDC_Transmission_System"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Restricted Boltzmann Machines Based Fault Estimation in Multi Terminal HVDC Transmission System" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/44064524/Restricted_Boltzmann_Machines_Based_Fault_Estimation_in_Multi_Terminal_HVDC_Transmission_System">Restricted Boltzmann Machines Based Fault Estimation in Multi Terminal HVDC Transmission System</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer, Singapore</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The facilitation of bulk power transmission and non-synchronized interconnection of alternating c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The facilitation of bulk power transmission and non-synchronized interconnection of alternating current (AC) grids convince engineers and researchers to explore high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system in a comprehensive way. This exploration focuses on control and protection of HVDC transmission system. Fault estimation is a core component of protection of HVDC transmission system. This is because of sudden built up of direct current (DC) fault. In this research, DC fault is estimated in multi terminal HVDC transmission system based on restricted Boltzmann machine. Restricted Boltzmann machine is a generative stochastic artificial neural network in which learning of probability distribution is conducted over the set of inputs. Three terminal HVDC transmission system is simulated under normal and faulty conditions to analyze variations in electrical parameters. These variations serve as learning parameters of restricted Boltzmann machine. Contrastive divergence algorithm is developed to train restricted Boltzmann machine. It is an approximate maximum likelihood learning algorithm in which gradient of difference of divergences is followed. It is found that fault is estimated with the testing of variations in minimum time steps. Simulation environment is built in Matlab/Simulink.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="44064524"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44064524"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44064524; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44064524]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44064524]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44064524; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='44064524']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44064524, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=44064524]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":44064524,"title":"Restricted Boltzmann Machines Based Fault Estimation in Multi Terminal HVDC Transmission System","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1007/978-981-15-5232-8_66","abstract":"The facilitation of bulk power transmission and non-synchronized interconnection of alternating current (AC) grids convince engineers and researchers to explore high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system in a comprehensive way. This exploration focuses on control and protection of HVDC transmission system. Fault estimation is a core component of protection of HVDC transmission system. This is because of sudden built up of direct current (DC) fault. In this research, DC fault is estimated in multi terminal HVDC transmission system based on restricted Boltzmann machine. Restricted Boltzmann machine is a generative stochastic artificial neural network in which learning of probability distribution is conducted over the set of inputs. Three terminal HVDC transmission system is simulated under normal and faulty conditions to analyze variations in electrical parameters. These variations serve as learning parameters of restricted Boltzmann machine. Contrastive divergence algorithm is developed to train restricted Boltzmann machine. It is an approximate maximum likelihood learning algorithm in which gradient of difference of divergences is followed. It is found that fault is estimated with the testing of variations in minimum time steps. Simulation environment is built in Matlab/Simulink.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Springer, Singapore"},"translated_abstract":"The facilitation of bulk power transmission and non-synchronized interconnection of alternating current (AC) grids convince engineers and researchers to explore high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system in a comprehensive way. This exploration focuses on control and protection of HVDC transmission system. Fault estimation is a core component of protection of HVDC transmission system. This is because of sudden built up of direct current (DC) fault. In this research, DC fault is estimated in multi terminal HVDC transmission system based on restricted Boltzmann machine. Restricted Boltzmann machine is a generative stochastic artificial neural network in which learning of probability distribution is conducted over the set of inputs. Three terminal HVDC transmission system is simulated under normal and faulty conditions to analyze variations in electrical parameters. These variations serve as learning parameters of restricted Boltzmann machine. Contrastive divergence algorithm is developed to train restricted Boltzmann machine. It is an approximate maximum likelihood learning algorithm in which gradient of difference of divergences is followed. It is found that fault is estimated with the testing of variations in minimum time steps. Simulation environment is built in Matlab/Simulink.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44064524/Restricted_Boltzmann_Machines_Based_Fault_Estimation_in_Multi_Terminal_HVDC_Transmission_System","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-09-11T01:14:46.789-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":346125,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Restricted_Boltzmann_Machines_Based_Fault_Estimation_in_Multi_Terminal_HVDC_Transmission_System","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":346125,"first_name":"Raheel","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Muzzammel","page_name":"RaheelMuzzammel","domain_name":"uet","created_at":"2011-02-28T14:44:12.163-08:00","display_name":"Raheel Muzzammel","url":"https://uet.academia.edu/RaheelMuzzammel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning"},{"id":11898,"name":"Fault Detection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fault_Detection"},{"id":117101,"name":"Fault diagnosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fault_diagnosis"},{"id":399818,"name":"HVDC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HVDC"},{"id":462871,"name":"HVDC System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HVDC_System"},{"id":1175864,"name":"Restricted Boltzmann Machine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Restricted_Boltzmann_Machine"}],"urls":[{"id":9101331,"url":"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-15-5232-8_66"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="10523543" id="conferencepresentations"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="43579299"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/43579299/National_Graduate_Conference_Proceedings_2018_Paper_ID_346_Detection_of_Fault_Location_in_Voltage_Source_Converter_Based_HVDC_Transmission_System"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of National Graduate Conference Proceedings -2018 Paper ID: 346 Detection of Fault Location in Voltage Source Converter Based HVDC Transmission System" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63884246/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/43579299/National_Graduate_Conference_Proceedings_2018_Paper_ID_346_Detection_of_Fault_Location_in_Voltage_Source_Converter_Based_HVDC_Transmission_System">National Graduate Conference Proceedings -2018 Paper ID: 346 Detection of Fault Location in Voltage Source Converter Based HVDC Transmission System</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2nd National Graduate Conference (28-29,August 2018)</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Restructuring and exploring new ideas in order to meet increasing load demand is inevitable. Powe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Restructuring and exploring new ideas in order to meet increasing load demand is inevitable. Power system is under continuous change. For long distance bulk power transfer, HVDC transmission system is gaining attraction because of its significant advantages over conventional HVAC transmission system. Power is transmitted in DC by converting it from AC. Line commutated converters and voltage source converters are types of HV converters. Because of back start ability and effective controllability, voltage source converter is populous. There is a need to make this system more reliable and more efficient. For this protection system technologies must be capable of fault detection and interruption. Unlike in HVAC systems, DC fault increases so rapidly that the traditional arrangement to cope with fault currents could not work effectively. There is a requirement to modify the existing relaying and breaker strategies. In addition to this, location of fault must be detected quickly and accurately as it is core part of any relaying and breaker strategy. In this research, estimation of fault location will be carried out over VSC HVDC system. DC and AC faults will be generated over the system at different locations and correspondingly current and voltage waveforms will be analyzed to identify the location of fault. 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