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id="toc-Population_structure_and_distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_structure_and_distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Population structure and distribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_structure_and_distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Settlement_pattern_and_urbanization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Settlement_pattern_and_urbanization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Settlement pattern and urbanization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Settlement_pattern_and_urbanization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mineral_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mineral_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mineral resources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mineral_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relief_and_drainage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relief_and_drainage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Relief and drainage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relief_and_drainage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Zone_A" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zone_A"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Zone A</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zone_A-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zone_B" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zone_B"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Zone B</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zone_B-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zone_C" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zone_C"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Zone C</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zone_C-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_Government_Areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_Government_Areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Local Government Areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_Government_Areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>People and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-People_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle People and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-People_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Traditional_rulers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_rulers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Traditional rulers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_rulers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agricultural_production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agricultural_production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Agricultural production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agricultural_production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commerce_and_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commerce_and_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Commerce and industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commerce_and_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure_and_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure_and_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Infrastructure and transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure_and_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Power_supply" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Power_supply"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Power supply</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Power_supply-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telecommunications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telecommunications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Telecommunications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telecommunications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Tourism and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Benue State</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88" title="ولاية بينو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ولاية بينو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_%C5%9Ftat%C4%B1" title="Benue ştatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Benue ştatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="بنوئه ایالتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بنوئه ایالتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_Chiu" title="Benue Chiu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Benue Chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8D_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Бенуэ (штат) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бенуэ (штат)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B5" title="Бенуе – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бенуе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estat_de_Benue" title="Estat de Benue – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estat de Benue" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_State" title="Benue State – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Benue State" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(delstat)" title="Benue (delstat) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Benue (delstat)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(Bundesstaat)" title="Benue (Bundesstaat) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Benue (Bundesstaat)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_osariik" title="Benue osariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Benue osariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_de_Benue" title="Estado de Benue – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estado de Benue" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ctato_Benue" title="Ŝtato Benue – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝtato Benue" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%87" title="ایالت بنوئه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایالت بنوئه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue" title="Benue – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Benue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diiwal_Benuwe" title="Diiwal Benuwe – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Diiwal Benuwe" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_de_Benue" title="Estado de Benue – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estado de Benue" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%88%84%EC%97%90%EC%A3%BC" title="베누에주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베누에주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(jiha)" title="Benue (jiha) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Benue (jiha)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="बेनुए राज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बेनुए राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%AEra_Benue" title="Ȯra Benue – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ȯra Benue" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue" title="Benue – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Benue" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue" title="Benue – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Benue" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ბენუეს შტატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბენუეს შტატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimbo_la_Benue" title="Jimbo la Benue – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jimbo la Benue" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benu%C3%A9_(par%C3%AAzgeh)" title="Benué (parêzgeh) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Benué (parêzgeh)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8D_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Бенуэ (штат) – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Бенуэ (штат)" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_State" title="Benue State – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Benue State" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(staat)" title="Benue (staat) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Benue (staat)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%8C%E3%82%A8%E5%B7%9E" title="ベヌエ州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベヌエ州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(Bundesstoot)" title="Benue (Bundesstoot) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Benue (Bundesstoot)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(delstat)" title="Benue (delstat) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Benue (delstat)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(stan)" title="Benue (stan) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Benue (stan)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(estado)" title="Benue (estado) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Benue (estado)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statul_Benue" title="Statul Benue – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Statul Benue" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8D_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Бенуэ (штат) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бенуэ (штат)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80)" title="බෙනුයි ප්‍රාන්තය (නයිජීරියාව) – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බෙනුයි ප්‍රාන්තය (නයිජීරියාව)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_State" title="Benue State – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Benue State" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B5_(%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Бенуе (држава) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бенуе (држава)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue" title="Benue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Benue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue" title="Benue – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Benue" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(eyalet)" title="Benue (eyalet) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Benue (eyalet)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%CC%B1tet_Benuwe" title="Si̱tet Benuwe – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Si̱tet Benuwe" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B5_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Бенуе (штат) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бенуе (штат)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DB%92_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="بینوے ریاست – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بینوے ریاست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue_(estado)" title="Benue (estado) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Benue (estado)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cp%C3%ADnl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_B%E1%BA%B9%CC%81n%C3%BA%C3%A9" title="Ìpínlẹ̀ Bẹ́núé – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìpínlẹ̀ Bẹ́núé" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8A%AA%E5%9F%83%E5%B7%9E" title="贝努埃州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="贝努埃州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benuwe" title="Benuwe – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Benuwe" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-igl mw-list-item"><a href="https://igl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benue" title="Benue – Igala" lang="igl" hreflang="igl" data-title="Benue" data-language-autonym="Igala" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Benue_State&params=7_20_N_8_45_E_region:NG_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">7°20′N</span> <span class="longitude">8°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7.333°N 8.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">7.333; 8.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State of Nigeria</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the tributary of the Niger River, see <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Benue_State" title="Special:EditPage/Benue State">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Benue+State%22">"Benue State"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Benue+State%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Benue+State%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Benue+State%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Benue+State%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Benue+State%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in Nigeria</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Benue State</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Nigeria" title="States of Nigeria">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunset at River Benue"><img alt="Sunset at River Benue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg/250px-Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg/375px-Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg/500px-Sunset_at_River_Benue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="775" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Benue_State.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Benue State"><img alt="Flag of Benue State" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Benue_State.png/100px-Flag_of_Benue_State.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Benue_State.png/150px-Flag_of_Benue_State.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Benue_State.png/200px-Flag_of_Benue_State.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="223" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Benue_State.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Benue State"><img alt="Emblem of Benue State" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Seal_of_Benue_State.png/100px-Seal_of_Benue_State.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Seal_of_Benue_State.png/150px-Seal_of_Benue_State.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Seal_of_Benue_State.png/200px-Seal_of_Benue_State.png 2x" data-file-width="1279" data-file-height="1279" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_state_nicknames" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nigerian state nicknames">Food Basket of the Nation</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nigeria_-_Benue.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Benue State in Nigeria"><img alt="Location of Benue State in Nigeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nigeria_-_Benue.svg/250px-Nigeria_-_Benue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nigeria_-_Benue.svg/375px-Nigeria_-_Benue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nigeria_-_Benue.svg/500px-Nigeria_-_Benue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="954" data-file-height="734" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Benue State in Nigeria</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Benue_State&params=7_20_N_8_45_E_region:NG_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">7°20′N</span> <span class="longitude">8°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7.333°N 8.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">7.333; 8.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_date_of_statehood" title="List of Nigerian states by date of statehood">Date created</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 February 1976</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_state_capitals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nigerian state capitals">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Government of Benue State</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Benue_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Benue State">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_Alia" title="Hyacinth Alia">Hyacinth Iormem Alia</a> (<a href="/wiki/All_Progressives_Congress_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="All Progressives Congress (Nigeria)">APC</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span class="nowrap">Deputy Governor</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ode" title="Samuel Ode">Samuel Ode</a> (<a href="/wiki/All_Progressives_Congress_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="All Progressives Congress (Nigeria)">APC</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Benue_State_House_of_Assembly" title="Benue State House of Assembly">Benue State House of Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Nigeria" title="Senate of Nigeria">Senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benue_North-East_Senatorial_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Benue North-East Senatorial District">NE</a>: <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Udende" title="Emmanuel Udende">Hon. Emmanuel Udende</a> (<a href="/wiki/All_Progressive_Congress_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="All Progressive Congress (Nigeria)">APC</a>)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benue_North-West_Senatorial_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Benue North-West Senatorial District">NW</a>: <a href="/wiki/Titus_Zam" title="Titus Zam">Titus Zam</a> (<a href="/wiki/All_Progressive_Congress_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="All Progressive Congress (Nigeria)">APC</a>)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benue_South_Senatorial_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Benue South Senatorial District">S</a>: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Abba_Moro" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Abba Moro">Patrick Abba Moro</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Party_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)">PDP</a>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian House of Representatives">Representatives</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_National_Assembly_delegation_from_Benue#The_9th_Parliament_(2019_till_date)" title="Nigerian National Assembly delegation from Benue">List</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">34,059 km<sup>2</sup> (13,150 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_area" title="List of Nigerian states by area">11th of 36</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2006 Census)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,253,641<sup id="cite_ref-PHC_Tables_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PHC_Tables-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)</div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,141,300<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_population" title="List of Nigerian states by population">7th of 36</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_GDP" title="List of Nigerian states by GDP">GDP (PPP)</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Year</th><td class="infobox-data">2021 (estimate)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">$27.64 billion<sup id="cite_ref-C-GIDD_GDP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-GIDD_GDP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">$4,141<sup id="cite_ref-C-GIDD_GDP_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C-GIDD_GDP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+01">UTC+01</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Africa_Time" title="West Africa Time">WAT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dialing Code</th><td class="infobox-data">+234</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:NG" title="ISO 3166-2:NG">NG-BE</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2022)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.582<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#fc0">medium</span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Nigerian states by Human Development Index">19th of 37</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Benue State</b> is one of the <a href="/wiki/North_Central_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="North Central Nigeria">North Central</a> states in <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> with a population of about 4,253,641 in <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_population" title="List of Nigerian states by population">the 2006 census</a>. The state was created in 1976 and was among the seven states created at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state derives its name from the <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a> initially called <i>Ber-nor</i>, a compound word in <a href="/wiki/Tiv_language" title="Tiv language">Tiv language</a> which means river or lake of hippopotamus (<i>ber</i> meaning river or lake, while <i>nor</i> is the name for hippopotamus) the name <i>Ber-nor</i> was corrupted to BENUE by colonial masters, the river is the second largest river in <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> after the <a href="/wiki/River_Niger" class="mw-redirect" title="River Niger">River Niger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state borders <a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa</a> State to the North; <a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba</a> State to the East; <a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi</a> State to the West; <a href="/wiki/Enugu_State" title="Enugu State">Enugu</a> State to the South-West; <a href="/wiki/Ebonyi_State" title="Ebonyi State">Ebonyi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross-Rivers State</a> to the South; and has an international border with <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> to the <a href="/wiki/South-East" class="mw-redirect" title="South-East">South-East</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is inhabited predominantly by the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Igede" class="mw-redirect" title="Igede">Igede</a> people. Minority ethnic groups in Benue are <a href="/wiki/Etulo_language" title="Etulo language">Etulo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igbo_people" title="Igbo people">Igbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hausa_people" title="Hausa people">hausa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jukun_people_(West_Africa)" title="Jukun people (West Africa)">Jukun</a> people etc. Its capital is <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Benue is a rich agricultural region; common crops cultivated in the state include <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">oranges</a>, yams, <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">mangoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soya bean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorghum_bicolor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorghum bicolor">guinea corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">sesame</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">groundnuts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Palm tree">palm trees</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue State is a legacy of an administrative entity that was carved out of the protectorate of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Nigeria">northern Nigeria</a> at the beginning of the twentieth century. The territory was initially known as Munshi Province until 1918 when the name of its dominant geographical feature, the <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a> was adopted.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> Benue State is named after the <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a> and was formed from the former <a href="/wiki/Benue-Plateau_State" title="Benue-Plateau State">Benue-Plateau State</a> in 1976, along with <a href="/wiki/Igala_people" title="Igala people">Igala</a> and some part of <a href="/wiki/Kwara_State" title="Kwara State">Kwara State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991, some areas of Benue state (mostly the <a href="/wiki/Igala_people" title="Igala people">Igala</a>-speaking area), along with areas in <a href="/wiki/Kwara_State" title="Kwara State">Kwara State</a>, were clubbed together to form the new <a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi State</a>. <a href="/wiki/Igbo_people" title="Igbo people">Igbo people</a> are found in the boundary areas like the <a href="/wiki/Obi,_Nigeria" title="Obi, Nigeria">Obi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a> and Ado Local Government Areas. It is known as the "Heartbeat of the Middle Belt" and the "Entertainment Capital of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Belt" title="Middle Belt">Middle Belt</a>" north of the <a href="/wiki/Niger_River" title="Niger River">Niger River</a>. <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> people's traditional and administrative capital, is also known as the Lion's Heart and the Land of the Brave.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population_structure_and_distribution">Population structure and distribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Population structure and distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue State, which is located in the North Central region of <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, has a total population of 4,253,641 in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_population" title="List of Nigerian states by population">2006 census</a>, with an average population density of 99 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. This makes Benue the 9th most populous state in Nigeria. However, the distribution of the population according to Local government areas shows marked duality.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are areas of low <a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population">population</a> density, such as <a href="/wiki/Guma,_Nigeria" title="Guma, Nigeria">Guma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohimini" title="Ohimini">Ohimini</a>, Tarka, <a href="/wiki/Apa,_Nigeria" title="Apa, Nigeria">Apa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logo,_Nigeria" title="Logo, Nigeria">Logo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agatu" title="Agatu">Agatu</a>, each with less than seventy persons per km<sup>2</sup>, while <a href="/wiki/Vandeikya" title="Vandeikya">Vandeikya</a>, Ukum, Kwande, Otukpo, <a href="/wiki/Okpokwu" title="Okpokwu">Okpokwu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a> have densities ranging from 160 persons to 200 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. Makurdi LGA has over 380 persons per km2. The males are 49.8 percent of the total population while females constitute 50.2 per cent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlement_pattern_and_urbanization">Settlement pattern and urbanization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Settlement pattern and urbanization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue State region was depleted of its human population during the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">slave trade</a>. It is largely rural, with scattered settlements mainly in tiny compounds or homesteads, whose population range from 630 people, most of whom are farmers. </p><p>Urbanization in Benue State did not predate the colonial era. The few towns established during colonial rule remained very small (less than 30,000 people) up to the creation of Benue State in 1976. </p><p>Benue towns can be categorised into three groups. The first group consists of those with a population of 80,000 to 500,000 people. These include <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a>, the State Capital, <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a> the "headquarters" of the two dominant ethnic groups (125,944 and 88,958 people respectively). The second group comprises towns with a population of between 20,000 and 50,000 people and includes <a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukum" title="Ukum">Zaki-Biam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vandeikya" title="Vandeikya">Vandeikya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kwande" title="Kwande">Adikpo</a>. These are all local government headquarters. The third category comprises towns with a population of 10,000 to 19,000 people and includes, Lessel, <a href="/wiki/Vandeikya" title="Vandeikya">Ihugh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naka_Benue_Nigeria" title="Naka Benue Nigeria">Naka</a>, Adoka, Aliade, Okpoga, <a href="/wiki/Igumale" title="Igumale">Igumale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a>, Utonkon, Ugbokolo, Wannune, Ugbokpo, <a href="/wiki/Otukpa" title="Otukpa">Otukpa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ugba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ugba">Ugba</a> and Korinya. Most of these towns are headquarters of recently created Local Government Areas and/or district headquarters or major market areas. Some of the headquarters of the newly created LGAs have populations of less than 10,000 people. Such places include Tse-Agberaba, Gbajimba, <a href="/wiki/Buruku" title="Buruku">Buruku</a>, Idekpa, <a href="/wiki/Obagaji" title="Obagaji">Obagaji</a> and Obarikeito. Apart from earth roads, schools, periodic markets and chemists (local drug stores), the rural areas are largely used for farming, relying on the urban centres for most of their urban needs. Benue State has no problem of capital city primacy. Rather, three towns stand out very clearly as important urban centres which together account for more than 70 per cent of the social amenities provided in the state and almost all the industrial establishments. These centres are <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a>. They are among the oldest towns in the state and are growing at a much faster rate than the smaller younger towns. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a> doubles as the capital of the state and the headquarters of Makurdi LGA, while <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a> double as the local government and ethnic headquarters (i.e. for <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a>, and Igede). All the roads in the state radiate from these three centres. As an administrative unit, Benue State was first created on 3 February 1976. It was one of the seven states created by the military administration headed by <a href="/wiki/Murtala_Mohammed" class="mw-redirect" title="Murtala Mohammed">General Murtala Mohammed</a>, which increased the number of states in the country from 13 to 19. In 1991, its boundaries were re-adjusted with the creation of <a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi State</a>. The new Benue State of today has twenty-three (23) local government areas,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which are administered by local government councils. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mkar_Hill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mkar_Hill.jpg/220px-Mkar_Hill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mkar_Hill.jpg/330px-Mkar_Hill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mkar_Hill.jpg/440px-Mkar_Hill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Mkar Hill</figcaption></figure> <p><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benue State</a> lies within the lower <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">river Benue</a> trough in the middle belt region of Nigeria. Its geographic coordinates are longitude 7° 47' and 10° 0' East. Latitude 6° 25' and 8° 8' North; and shares boundaries with five other states namely: <a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa State</a> to the north for 231 km (partly across the Benue River), <a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba State</a> to the east for 235 km, <a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross-River State</a> to the south for 96 km, <a href="/wiki/Enugu_State" title="Enugu State">Enugu State</a> to the south-west for 84 km, and <a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi State</a> to the west for 153 km. The state also shares a common boundary for 22 km with the <a href="/wiki/Nord-Ouest_Province,_Cameroon" class="mw-redirect" title="Nord-Ouest Province, Cameroon">Nord-Ouest Province</a>, claimed by both <a href="/wiki/Ambazonia" title="Ambazonia">Ambazonia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Republic of Cameroon</a> on the south-east. Benue occupies a landmass of 34,059 square kilometres. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue state has a Tropical wet and dry or <a href="/wiki/Savanna" title="Savanna">savanna climate</a>. The city's yearly temperature is 29.38 °C (84.88 °F) and it is −0.08% lower than Nigeria's averages. The state receives about 135.2 millimeters (5.32 inches) of <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> and has 160.01 rainy days (43.84% of the time) annually.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Based on <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, Benue State lies within the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">AW climate</a> and experiences two distinct seasons, the <a href="/wiki/Wet_season" title="Wet season">Wet season</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">Dry season</a>. The rainy season lasts from April to October with annual rainfall in the range of 100-200mm. The <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">dry season</a> begins in November and ends in March. <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">Temperatures</a> fluctuate between 21 – 37 degrees Celsius in the year. The south-eastern part of the state adjoining the Obudu-Cameroun mountain range, however, has a cooler climate similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Plateau_State" title="Plateau State">Plateau State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of Benue State falls within the Benue Valley/trough which is believed to be structurally developed. During the Tertiary and possibly the <a href="/wiki/Interglacial" title="Interglacial">Interglacial</a> periods of the <a href="/wiki/Quaternary_glaciation" title="Quaternary glaciation">Quaternary glaciation</a>, the Benue and Niger Valleys, otherwise known as the Niger/Benue trough, were transgressed by the waters of the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>. As a result, marine sediments form the dominant surface geology of much of Benue State. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mineral_resources">Mineral resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mineral resources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue State is blessed with abundant mineral resources. These resources are distributed in the Local Government Areas of the state. Of these mineral resources, only <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">Limestone</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Tse-Kucha, Gboko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaolinite" title="Kaolinite">Kaolinite</a> at <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a> are being commercially exploited. Other mineral deposits include <a href="/wiki/Baryte" title="Baryte">Baryte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">Gypsum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feldspar" title="Feldspar">Feldspar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolframite" title="Wolframite">Wolframite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaolinite" title="Kaolinite">Kaolinite</a>, mineral salts and <a href="/wiki/Gemstone" title="Gemstone">Gemstone</a> etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> is the mainstay of the economy of Benue State, engaging over 75% of the state's workforce. Prominent crops include <a href="/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)" title="Yam (vegetable)">Yam</a>, Rice, <a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Beans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">Cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">Sweet potato</a>, Maize, <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">Soybean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">Sorghum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">Millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">Sesame</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cocoyam" title="Cocoyam">Cocoyam</a> etc. The state also accounts for over 70% of Nigeria's <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">Soybean</a> production.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The vegetation of the southern parts of the state is characterised by forests, which yield trees for timber and provide a suitable habitat for rare animals types and species. The state thus possesses potential for the development of viable forest and wildlife reserves. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relief_and_drainage">Relief and drainage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Relief and drainage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The land is generally low lying (averaging 100m-250m) and gently undulating with occasional <a href="/wiki/List_of_inselbergs" title="List of inselbergs">inselbergs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hillock" title="Hillock">Knoll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laterite" title="Laterite">Laterite</a> etc. It is only at the boundary area with <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, also <a href="/wiki/Kwande" title="Kwande">Kwande</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a> Local Government Areas that hilly terrain with appreciable local relief is encountered. Here, the terrain is characterised by steep slopes, deep incised <a href="/wiki/Valleys" class="mw-redirect" title="Valleys">valleys</a> and generally rugged relief. Elsewhere, gradients average less than 4°. <a href="/wiki/River_Benue" class="mw-redirect" title="River Benue">River Benue</a> is the dominant geographical feature in the state. It is one of the few large rivers in Nigeria. The <a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a> is the largest tributary, while the smaller rivers include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mkomon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mkomon (page does not exist)">Mkomon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amile" class="mw-redirect" title="Amile">Amile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duru" title="Duru">Duru</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loko_Konshisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loko Konshisha (page does not exist)">Loko Konshisha</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kpa_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kpa River (page does not exist)">Kpa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okpokwu" title="Okpokwu">Okpokwu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu_River_(Nigeria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu River (Nigeria) (page does not exist)">Mu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Be_River_(Nigeria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Be River (Nigeria) (page does not exist)">Be</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aya_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aya River (page does not exist)">Aya</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apa_Ogede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apa Ogede (page does not exist)">Apa Ogede</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ombi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ombi">Ombi</a>. The flood plains which are characterised by extensive swamps and ponds are good for dry season irrigated farming. </p><p>Though Benue State has high drainage density many of the streams are seasonal. Hence, there is an acute water shortage in the dry season in Local Government Areas such as <a href="/wiki/Guma,_Nigeria" title="Guma, Nigeria">Guma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okpokwu" title="Okpokwu">Okpokwu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ogbadibo" title="Ogbadibo">Ogbadibo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwer_West" title="Gwer West">Gwer West</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Naka,_Benue_Nigeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naka, Benue Nigeria (page does not exist)">Naka, Nigeria</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a>. This river system has great potential for a viable fishing industry, dry season farming through irrigation and for an inland water highway. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Benue_State" title="List of villages in Benue State">List of villages in Benue State</a></div> <p>Benue is divided into 3 senatorial districts and 23 local government areas 14 for the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a>, 7 for the <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">idoma</a> and 2 for the <a href="/wiki/Igede_people" title="Igede people">igede</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zone_A">Zone A</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Zone A"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Benue_North-East_senatorial_district" title="Benue North-East senatorial district">Senatorial Zone A</a> has;<br /> <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a> in all 7 local governments.<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Etulo" class="mw-redirect" title="Etulo">Etulo</a> have a small community in <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala" class="mw-redirect" title="Katsina Ala">Katsina Ala</a><br /> The <a href="/wiki/Hausa_people" title="Hausa people">hausa</a> have small communities in <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala" class="mw-redirect" title="Katsina Ala">Katsina Ala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukum" title="Ukum">Zaki biam</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zone_B">Zone B</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Zone B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Benue_North-West_senatorial_district" title="Benue North-West senatorial district">Senatorial zone B</a> has;<br /> <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a> in all 7 local governments<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Etulo" class="mw-redirect" title="Etulo">Etulo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nyifon_language" title="Nyifon language">Nyifon</a> have small communities in <a href="/wiki/Buruku" title="Buruku">Buruku</a>.<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Jukun_people_(West_Africa)" title="Jukun people (West Africa)">Jukun</a> community is along the river bank at Abinsi village in <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a> local government. <br /> The <a href="/wiki/Hausa_people" title="Hausa people">hausa</a> have 2 large communities in <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi city</a>. They live in the Wadata neighborhood and North bank neighborhood. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zone_C">Zone C</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Zone C"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Benue_South_senatorial_district" title="Benue South senatorial district">Senatorial Zone C</a> has;<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> in 7 local governments<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Igede_people" title="Igede people">Igede</a> in 2 local governments and few other communities in other local governments.<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Korring" title="Korring">Orring</a> have a few communities,<br /> The <a href="/wiki/Igbo_people" title="Igbo people">Igbo</a> have a few communities at the bothering local governments with <a href="/wiki/Enugu" title="Enugu"> Enugu state</a> state, The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akweya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akweya (page does not exist)">Akweya</a> have a few communities too. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_Government_Areas">Local Government Areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Local Government Areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The state is populated by several ethnic groups: <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igede_language" title="Igede language">Igede</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etulo_language" title="Etulo language">Etulo</a>, Ufia <a href="/wiki/Korring" title="Korring">Orring</a>, Abakpa, <a href="/wiki/Jukun_people_(West_Africa)" title="Jukun people (West Africa)">Jukun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igbo_people" title="Igbo people">Igbo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akweya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akweya (page does not exist)">Akweya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hausa_people" title="Hausa people">hausa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nyifon_language" title="Nyifon language">Nyifon</a>. </p><p>Most of the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a> and <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">idoma</a> people are farmers while the inhabitants of the river areas engage in fishing as their primary or important secondary occupation. The people of the state are famous for their cheerful and hospitable disposition as well as rich cultural heritage. </p><p>Benue State consists of twenty-three (23) <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Nigeria" title="Local government areas of Nigeria">Local Government Areas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a> occupy 14, the <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> occupy 7, the <a href="/wiki/Igede_people" title="Igede people">Igede</a> occupy 2 . They are: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Local Government Area</th> <th>Headquarters </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ado,_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ado, Nigeria">Ado</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Igumale" title="Igumale">Igumale</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Agatu" title="Agatu">Agatu</a></td> <td>Obagaji </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Apa,_Nigeria" title="Apa, Nigeria">Apa</a></td> <td>Ugbokpo </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buruku" title="Buruku">Buruku</a></td> <td>Buruku </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a></td> <td>Gboko </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guma,_Nigeria" title="Guma, Nigeria">Guma</a></td> <td>Gbajimba </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gwer_East" title="Gwer East">Gwer East</a></td> <td>Aliade </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gwer_West" title="Gwer West">Gwer West</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Naka_Benue_Nigeria" title="Naka Benue Nigeria">Naka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a></td> <td>Katsina-Ala </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Konshisha" title="Konshisha">Konshisha</a></td> <td>Tse-Agberagba </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwande" title="Kwande">Kwande</a></td> <td>Adikpo </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Logo,_Nigeria" title="Logo, Nigeria">Logo</a></td> <td>Ugba </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a></td> <td>Makurdi </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Obi,_Nigeria" title="Obi, Nigeria">Obi</a></td> <td>Obarike-Ito </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogbadibo" title="Ogbadibo">Ogbadibo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otukpa" title="Otukpa">Otukpa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohimini" title="Ohimini">Ohimini</a></td> <td>Idekpa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a></td> <td>Oju </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Okpokwu" title="Okpokwu">Okpokwu</a></td> <td>Okpoga </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tarka,_Nigeria" title="Tarka, Nigeria">Tarka</a></td> <td>Wannune </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukum" title="Ukum">Ukum</a></td> <td>Sankera </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ushongo" title="Ushongo">Ushongo</a></td> <td>Lessel </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vandeikya" title="Vandeikya">Vandeikya</a></td> <td>Vandeikya </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="People_and_culture">People and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: People and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_rulers">Traditional rulers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Traditional rulers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Benue State Government accords high respect to traditional rulers in recognition of their role as custodians of culture and as agents of development. Also, their roles in enhancing peace and order at the grassroots level are also recognised. To enhance their contribution to the affairs of the state, government has established a three-tier traditional council system made up of Local Government Area Traditional Councils, Area Traditional Councils and the State Council of Chiefs with the Tor Tiv (Tiv King) as chairman. </p><p>The two Area Councils are the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a> Traditional Council and the <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> Traditional Council. The former has the <a href="/wiki/Tor_Tiv" title="Tor Tiv">Tor Tiv</a> (Tiv King) as chairman of all the traditional rulers from the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv</a> dominant Local Government Areas, while the latter has the Och' Idoma (<a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> king) as the chairman of all the traditional rulers from the <a href="/wiki/Idoma_people" title="Idoma people">Idoma</a> dominant Local Government Areas. </p><p>The State Council of Chiefs has the Tor Tiv, Orchivirigh Professor <a href="/wiki/James_Ayatse" title="James Ayatse">James Ayatse</a> (Tor Tiv V) (<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), with Och'Idoma and all second class Chiefs/Chairmen of the Local Government Traditional Council as members. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture">Culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg/220px-Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg/330px-Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg/440px-Benue_state_contingent_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Dancers in Benue state attire</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg/220px-Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg/330px-Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg/440px-Benue_state_contingent_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Benue state contingent</figcaption></figure> <p>Benue State possesses a rich and diverse cultural heritage which finds expression in colourful cloths, exotic masquerades, supplicated music and dances. Traditional dances from Benue State have won acclaim at national and international cultural festivals. The most popular of these dances include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingyough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingyough (page does not exist)">Ingyough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ange_(band)" title="Ange (band)">Ange</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anchanakupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anchanakupa (page does not exist)">Anchanakupa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Swange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swange (page does not exist)">Swange</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogirinya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogirinya (page does not exist)">Ogirinya</a> among others. </p><p>The socio-religious festivals of the people, colourful dances, dresses and songs are also of tourist value. The Alekwu ancestral festival of the Idoma people, for instance, is an occasion when the local people believe their ancestors re-established contact with the living in the form of masquerades. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Igede_Agba" title="Igede Agba">Igede Agba</a> is a Yam Festival, marked every year in September by the Igede people of <a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a> and <a href="/wiki/Obi,_Nigeria" title="Obi, Nigeria">Obi</a> local government areas. Among the Tiv, the Tiv Day, marriage ceremonies and dance competitions (e.g. Swange dance) are often very colourful. <a href="/wiki/Kwagh-Hir" title="Kwagh-Hir">Kwagh-Hir</a> is a very entertaining Tiv puppet show. </p><p>Social life in Benue State is also enriched by the availability of diverse recreational facilities. Apart from parks, beaches, dancing and masquerades mentioned above, the big hotels in <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a> are equipped with several indoor sporting facilities. There are golf clubs, the Makurdi Club, Railway Club, Police Club and Air Force Club, where, apart from the sale of drinks and snacks, various types of games are played. </p><p>There is a standard Arts Theatre, a modern Sports Complex which includes the <a href="/wiki/Aper_Aku_Stadium" title="Aper Aku Stadium">Aper Aku Stadium</a>, which has provisions for such games as tennis, basketball, volleyball and handball, an indoor sports hall and Olympic size swimming pool in Makurdi. Smaller stadia exist in <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a> (J. S. Tarka Stadium), <a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adikpo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adikpo (page does not exist)">Adikpo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vandeikya" title="Vandeikya">Vandeikya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a>. The BCC Lawn Tennis tournament attracts players from all over the country. Benue State has three teams in the professional soccer ranks, <a href="/wiki/Lobi_Stars_F.C." title="Lobi Stars F.C.">Lobi Stars F.C.</a> in Division One, <a href="/wiki/BCC_Lions_FC" class="mw-redirect" title="BCC Lions FC">BCC Lions FC</a> in Division Two, Mark mentors as the basketball premier league team. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Languages of Benue State listed by LGA:<sup id="cite_ref-e22_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e22-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>LGA</th> <th>Languages </th></tr> <tr> <td>Ado</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Korring" title="Korring">Orring</a>; <a href="/wiki/Idoma_language" title="Idoma language">Idoma</a>; <a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Agatu</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idoma_language" title="Idoma language">Idoma</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Apa</td> <td>Idoma </td></tr> <tr> <td>Buruku</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiv_language" title="Tiv language">Tiv</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gboko</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Guma</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gwer East</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gwer West</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Katsina-Ala</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kwande</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Makurdi</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ogbadibo</td> <td>Idoma </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ohimini</td> <td>Idoma </td></tr> <tr> <td>Obi </td> <td>Igede; Idoma, Igbo </td></tr> <tr> <td>Oju</td> <td>Igede; <a href="/wiki/Korring" title="Korring">Orring</a> Igbo </td></tr> <tr> <td>Okpokwu</td> <td>Idoma </td></tr> <tr> <td>Otukpo</td> <td>Idoma </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ushongo</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vandeikya</td> <td>Tiv </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Other languages spoken in the State include <a href="/wiki/Korring" title="Korring">Korring</a> <a href="/wiki/Etulo_language" title="Etulo language">Etulo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nyifon_language" title="Nyifon language">Nyifon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basa-Benue_language" title="Basa-Benue language">Basa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jukun_language_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Jukun language (disambiguation)">Jukun</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Wannu_language" title="Wannu language">Wannu</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Putukwam_language" title="Putukwam language">Utugwang Irungene Afrike</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a> is also spoken in border areas.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Roman Catholic Church has 2,354,410 followers in four suffragans of the <a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Abuja" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdiocese of Abuja">Archdiocese of Abuja</a>: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Makurdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Makurdi">Diocese of Makurdi</a> (1934 as Benue) with 89 parishes under Bishop <a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Chikpa_Anagbe" title="Wilfred Chikpa Anagbe">Wilfred Chikpa Anagbe</a> (2015),</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Gboko" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Gboko">Roman Catholic Diocese of Gboko</a> (2012) with 84 parishes under Bishop <a href="/wiki/William_Amove_Avenya" class="mw-redirect" title="William Amove Avenya">William Amove Avenya</a> (2012),</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Katsina-Ala" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Katsina-Ala">Diocese of Katsina-Ala</a> (2012) with 34 parishes under Bishop <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Bundepuun_Dugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac Bundepuun Dugu (page does not exist)">Isaac Bundepuun Dugu</a> (2022), and</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Otukpo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Otukpo">Roman Catholic Diocese of Otukpo</a> (1995) with 61 parishes under Bishop <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ekwoyi_Apochi" title="Michael Ekwoyi Apochi">Michael Ekwoy Apochi</a> (2002).</li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Province_of_Abuja" title="Anglican Province of Abuja">Anglican Province of Abuja</a> in the Church of Nigeria includes the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Makurdi" title="Anglican Diocese of Makurdi">Dioceses of Makurdi</a> (1990) with 25 parishes led by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Inyom" title="Nathan Inyom">Nathan Inyom</a> (1990), <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Gboko" title="Anglican Diocese of Gboko">Gboko</a> (2009) led by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Nyitsse" title="Emmanuel Nyitsse">Emmanuel Nyitsse</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Otukpo" title="Anglican Diocese of Otukpo">Otukpo</a> (1996) led by Bishop <a href="/wiki/David_Bello" title="David Bello">David Bello</a> (2004). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_in_the_Sudan_Among_the_Tiv" title="Church of Christ in the Sudan Among the Tiv">N.K.S.T. Church</a> is another major church in the state. The headquarters is at <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Mkar, Gboko</a>. It is the first church in the region and the first encounter with Christianity by the <a href="/wiki/Tiv_people" title="Tiv people">Tiv people</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agricultural_production">Agricultural production</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Agricultural production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Agriculture forms the backbone of the Benue State economy, engaging more than 70 per cent of the working population. This has made Benue the major source of food production in the Nation. Experts say that it can still be developed because most of the modern techniques are not yet popular to majority of Nigerian farmers. Mechanization and plantation agriculture/agro-forestry are still at its infancy. Farm inputs such as fertilizers, improved seed, insecticides and other foreign methods are being increasingly used. However, cost and availability is still a challenge. Important cash crops include <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybeans</a>, rice, peanuts, <a href="/wiki/Mango" title="Mango">mango varieties</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a>, etc. </p><p>Other cash crops include <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a>, melon, <a href="/wiki/Dacryodes_edulis" title="Dacryodes edulis">African pear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tomatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomatoes">tomatoes</a> etc. Food crops include <a href="/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)" title="Yam (vegetable)">Yam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">Cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">Sweet potato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Beans</a>, Maize, <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">Millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guinea_corn" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinea corn">Guinea corn</a>, Vegetables etc. There is very little irrigation agriculture and techniques. </p><p>Animal production includes: Cattle, Pork, Poultry and Goat but no dairy and dairy products yet. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Zaki_Biam_Yam_Market" title="Zaki Biam Yam Market">The Zaki Ibiam International Yam Market</a> is the biggest market for a single product in Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commerce_and_industry">Commerce and industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Commerce and industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Banking services are available as all the banks in Nigeria have branches in the state, with the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Nigeria" title="Central Bank of Nigeria">Central Bank of Nigeria</a> having its regional headquarters in Makurdi. Dangote Cement Company is a private company that operates within the state and provides a little employment to the people. </p><p>This is a rough estimated employment percentage in the state: 75% are farmers, 10% traders, 6% civil servants, 9% private. </p><p>Benue State has the capacity to support a wide range of industries using local agricultural and mineral resources although potentials are yet to be exploited. Private initiatives in commerce and industry, particularly by indigenes, is as also on a small scale and is limited to carpentry, shoe repairs and manufacturing, small scale rice mills, leather and plastic industries, weaving, printing, catering, block making, food processing, etc. Industry and commerce have been greatly retarded by the absence of capital funds, basic infrastructure and the frequent political changes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure_and_transportation">Infrastructure and transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Infrastructure and transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The location of Benue State in the centre of the country plus the presence of bridges on two large rivers, the <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala_River" title="Katsina Ala River">Katsina-Ala River</a>, make the state a major cross-roads centre. The present government has shown commitment to the construction of roads within the state capital Makurdi and other major roads leading in and out of the state. The roads are in an excellent condition.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two Federal Highways connect the Eastern States to the North and Northeast. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A3_highway_(Nigeria)" title="A3 highway (Nigeria)">A3</a> north from <a href="/wiki/Enugu" title="Enugu">Enugu</a> via <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lafia" title="Lafia">Lafia</a>, Nasarawa State.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A4_highway_(Nigeria)" title="A4 highway (Nigeria)">A4</a> northeast from Benue State at Gakem to <a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba State</a> near Kado as the Katsina Ala-Zaki Biam road.</li></ul> <p>Other major roads include: </p> <ul><li>Makurdi-Gboko road southeast via Yandev to Ugbema where the Katsina Ala Road continues southwest via Adikpo to <a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross River State</a> at Gakem,</li> <li>Makurdi-Naka-Adoka-Ankpa-Okene road west,</li> <li>Makurdi-Yandev-Katsina Ala-Wukari road east,</li> <li>Makurdi North-Uda Road west to <a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa State</a> at Utagudu,</li> <li>Adoka-Weto Road north from Adoka across the <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a> by the two km <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://Loko%20Oweto%20Bridge">Loko-Oweto Bridge</a> (2022),</li> <li>Gboko-Mbasere Road east from <a href="/wiki/A3_highway_(Nigeria)" title="A3 highway (Nigeria)">A3</a> at Aliade</li> <li>Katsina Ala-Takum road east to <a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba State</a> at Dogon Gawa.</li></ul> <p>The Federal government is also remodelling and expanding the <a href="/wiki/Makurdi_Airport" title="Makurdi Airport">Makurdi Airport</a> to become the largest agricultural cargo airport in the country. </p><p>The rivers <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala_River" title="Katsina Ala River">Katsina-Ala</a> only need to be dredged and a modern river port built at <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a>, Turan, Buruku and <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala_River" title="Katsina Ala River">Katsina-Ala</a> to transport goods all over the nation since the state is at the middle of the country. Ships are sighted very occasionally offloading cargo for Benue company at the Abinsi jetty. </p><p>The Eastern rail line north from Enugu across the Benue River by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makurdi_Rail_Bridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makurdi Rail Bridge (page does not exist)">Makurdi Rail Bridge</a> (1932) to <a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa State</a> connects <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taraku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taraku (page does not exist)">Taraku</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utonkon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utonkon (page does not exist)">Utonkon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Igumale" title="Igumale">Igumale</a> with the rest of the country. Altogether, about 180 km of rail line traverses the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_supply">Power supply</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Power supply"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Electricity challenges in Benue are no different from every other region in Nigeria. Places like Makurdi, Otukpo and Gboko, as some examples, enjoy at least 60% of power supply. However, private industries have other sources of power supply as a contingency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Telecommunications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue has facilities for the GSM service companies operating in the Country. The state also has at least 7 radio stations (Radio Benue, Joy FM, Harvest FM, Ashiwave FM, Sun Rays FM, Brothers' FM and Speed FM) and 2 television stations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism_and_recreation">Tourism and recreation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Tourism and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benue State possesses immense tourism potentials which are yet to be exploited. Since some of the tourist attractions are best selected by the tourist, Benue State in her bid to develop tourism embarked on infrastructural development necessary for the overall well-being of the tourist. The options are still opened to foreign investors. </p><p>The programme of road development, hotels, postal, telephone and Email services, electricity, potable water, recreational facilities and the general hospitality of the people will eventually open up the state to tourists. An amusement park and Zoo have been developed at Makurdi. There is a wildlife park at lkwe where a conference hall and chalets have been built to serve tourists. Tourist attractions in the state may be grouped into natural scenic, historical monuments and festivals. </p><p>Natural Attractions in Benue State include hills and ranges such as Ikyogen, Abande, Ngokur, Mkar, Ushongo and Harga. There is a heavily wooded natural trench at Tse-Mker which is believed to be inhabited by dangerous creatures including Pythons. Gurgul is a waterfall on <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala_River" title="Katsina Ala River">Katsina Ala River</a>. The border stretch adjoining the <a href="/wiki/Obudu_Plateau" title="Obudu Plateau">Obudu</a>/<a href="/wiki/South_Cameroon_Plateau" title="South Cameroon Plateau">South Cameroon Plateau</a> ranges features forests, dissected hills, <a href="/wiki/Dike_(geology)" title="Dike (geology)">Dykes</a>, dozens of fast flowing streams and incised valleys. In the <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">Dry season</a>, the water level in both the <a href="/wiki/Benue_River" title="Benue River">Benue River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Katsina_Ala_River" title="Katsina Ala River">Katsina-Ala River</a> falls, giving rise to sandy river beaches and clean shallow waters. The waters are used for recreational boating and swimming.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Orokam in <a href="/wiki/Ogbadibo" title="Ogbadibo">Ogbadibo</a> Local government areas, occurs the Enumabia Warm Spring. At Epwa-Ibilla, Andi-Ibilla, Uchenyum-Ibilla, Okochi-Uwokwu, Irachi-Uwokwu, Ette-Uda-Uwokwu, Odepa-Uwokwu, Igbegi-Ipinu-Uwokwu, Edde-Ibilla-Uwokwu, and Ohuma-Uwokwu of Oju, are springs of clean water. There are masses of unusually tall trees in the deep valleys and on the pretty steep highlands, which are all however inhabited. </p><p>Historical monuments in the state include the Royal Niger Company Trading Stores at Makurdi and Gbileve near <a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a>; the tombs of the first Dutch missionaries at Harga and Sai in <a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a> Local Government Areas; the tombs of the legendary politician, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Tarka" title="Joseph Tarka">Mr. J. S. Tarka</a> and past three Tor Tiv in <a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a> town; and the trench fortifications in Turan district of <a href="/wiki/Kwande" title="Kwande">Kwande</a> local government areas which were dug by the Tiv to ward off <a href="/wiki/Chamba_people" title="Chamba people">Chamba</a> invasions in the 19th century. </p><p>At Utonkon, is a thick forest with tall giant trees, the centre of which used to serve as a slave trade market but is now the site of shrines and a periodic market. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Benue_State" title="List of governors of Benue State">List of governors of Benue State</a></div> <p>The state is under the current administration of <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_Alia" title="Hyacinth Alia">Hyacinth Alia</a>. The governor of Benue State leads its executive branch. They appoint heads of the state ministries. They also serve as the chief security officer of the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Higher education institutions in Benue State include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akawe_Torkula_Polytechnic" title="Akawe Torkula Polytechnic">Akawe Torkula Polytechnic</a>, ATP, Makurdi.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benue_State_Polytechnic" title="Benue State Polytechnic">Benue State Polytechnic</a>, Ugbokolo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benue_State_University" title="Benue State University">Benue State University</a>, Makurdi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Education,_Katsina-Ala" class="mw-redirect" title="College of Education, Katsina-Ala">College of Education, Katsina-Ala</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Agriculture,_Makurdi" title="University of Agriculture, Makurdi">Joseph Sarwuan Tarka Uniniversity (JOSTUM), Makurdi</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mkar" title="University of Mkar">University of Mkar</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aper_Aku" title="Aper Aku">Aper Aku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Akume" title="George Akume">George Akume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Nnaji" title="James Nnaji">James Nnaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Amokachi" title="Daniel Amokachi">Daniel Amokachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Denenge_Duyst-Akpem" title="D. Denenge Duyst-Akpem">D. Denenge Duyst-Akpem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mark" title="David Mark">David Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Onoja" title="Lawrence Onoja">Lawrence Onoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_Orban" title="Gift Orban">Gift Orban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ortom" title="Samuel Ortom">Samuel Ortom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunle_Remi" title="Kunle Remi">Kunle Remi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Suswam" title="Gabriel Suswam">Gabriel Suswam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Tarka" title="Joseph Tarka">Joseph Tarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2Baba" title="2Baba">Innocent idibia aka Tuface</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PHC_Tables-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PHC_Tables_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010054745/http://population.gov.ng/core-activities/surveys/dataset/2006-phc-priority-tables/">"2006 PHC Priority Tables – NATIONAL POPULATION COMMISSION"</a>. <i>population.gov.ng</i>. 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Retrieved 7 March 2023. by shamiga Dominic </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benue_State&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.benuestate.gov.ng">Official Benue State website</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pohick2/14153170881/in/set-72157644200924229">"Benue State Executive Council"</a>. <i>Library of Congress Africa Pamphlet Collection – Flickr</i>. 2 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress+Africa+Pamphlet+Collection+%E2%80%93+Flickr&rft.atitle=Benue+State+Executive+Council&rft.date=2014-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fpohick2%2F14153170881%2Fin%2Fset-72157644200924229&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenue+State" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pohick2/13969845149/in/set-72157644200924229">"Benue State Executive Council – Members and Special Advisers"</a>. <i>Library of Congress Africa Pamphlet Collection – Flickr</i>. 2 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress+Africa+Pamphlet+Collection+%E2%80%93+Flickr&rft.atitle=Benue+State+Executive+Council+%E2%80%93+Members+and+Special+Advisers&rft.date=2014-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fpohick2%2F13969845149%2Fin%2Fset-72157644200924229&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenue+State" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Benue_State" title="Template:Benue State"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Benue_State" title="Template talk:Benue State"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Benue_State" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Benue State"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Benue_State" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benue State</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>State capital: <a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local government areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agatu" title="Agatu">Agatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ado,_Benue" title="Ado, Benue">Ado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apa,_Nigeria" title="Apa, Nigeria">Apa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buruku" title="Buruku">Buruku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gboko" title="Gboko">Gboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guma,_Nigeria" title="Guma, Nigeria">Guma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwer_East" title="Gwer East">Gwer East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwer_West" title="Gwer West">Gwer West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsina-Ala" title="Katsina-Ala">Katsina-Ala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konshisha" title="Konshisha">Konshisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwande" title="Kwande">Kwande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logo,_Nigeria" title="Logo, Nigeria">Logo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makurdi" title="Makurdi">Makurdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obi,_Nigeria" title="Obi, Nigeria">Obi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogbadibo" title="Ogbadibo">Ogbadibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohimini" title="Ohimini">Ohimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oju,_Nigeria" title="Oju, Nigeria">Oju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okpokwu" title="Okpokwu">Okpokwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otukpo" title="Otukpo">Otukpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarka,_Nigeria" title="Tarka, Nigeria">Tarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukum" title="Ukum">Ukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushongo" title="Ushongo">Ushongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandeikya" title="Vandeikya">Vandeikya</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Nigeria highlighting Benue State"><img alt="Map of Nigeria highlighting Benue State" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png/150px-Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png/225px-Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png/300px-Nigeria_Benue_State_map.png 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="599" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agbadi" title="Agbadi">Agbadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itogo-Ekingo" title="Itogo-Ekingo">Itogo-Ekingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangel,_Nigeria" title="Mangel, Nigeria">Mangel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Benue_State" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BenueStateGovernors" title="Template:BenueStateGovernors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BenueStateGovernors" title="Template talk:BenueStateGovernors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BenueStateGovernors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BenueStateGovernors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Benue_State" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Benue_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Benue State">Governors of Benue State</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdullahi_Shelleng" title="Abdullahi Shelleng">Abdullahi Shelleng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adebayo_Lawal" title="Adebayo Lawal">Adebayo Lawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aper_Aku" title="Aper Aku">Aper Aku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kpera" title="John Kpera">John Kpera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_David_Jang" title="Jonah David Jang">Jonah David Jang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohanna_Madaki" title="Yohanna Madaki">Yohanna Madaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishaya_Bakut" title="Ishaya Bakut">Ishaya Bakut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_Garba" title="Idris Garba">Idris Garba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidelis_Makka" title="Fidelis Makka">Fidelis Makka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Adasu" title="Moses Adasu">Moses Adasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Obademi" title="Joshua Obademi">Joshua Obademi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aminu_Isa_Kontagora" title="Aminu Isa Kontagora">Aminu Isa Kontagora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Oneya" title="Dominic Oneya">Dominic Oneya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Akume" title="George Akume">George Akume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Suswam" title="Gabriel Suswam">Gabriel Suswam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ortom" title="Samuel Ortom">Samuel Ortom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_Alia" title="Hyacinth Alia">Hyacinth Alia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="States_of_Nigeria" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:States_of_Nigeria" title="Template:States of Nigeria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:States_of_Nigeria" title="Template talk:States of Nigeria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:States_of_Nigeria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:States of Nigeria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="States_of_Nigeria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Nigeria" title="States of Nigeria">States of Nigeria</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Federal_Capital_Territory_(Nigeria)" title="Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)">Federal Capital Territory</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abia_State" title="Abia State">Abia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamawa_State" title="Adamawa State">Adamawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akwa_Ibom_State" title="Akwa Ibom State">Akwa Ibom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anambra_State" title="Anambra State">Anambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauchi_State" title="Bauchi State">Bauchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borno_State" title="Borno State">Borno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_State" title="Delta State">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebonyi_State" title="Ebonyi State">Ebonyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edo_State" title="Edo State">Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiti_State" title="Ekiti State">Ekiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enugu_State" title="Enugu State">Enugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombe_State" title="Gombe State">Gombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imo_State" title="Imo State">Imo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigawa_State" title="Jigawa State">Jigawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaduna_State" title="Kaduna State">Kaduna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kano_State" title="Kano State">Kano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsina_State" title="Katsina State">Katsina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebbi_State" title="Kebbi State">Kebbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwara_State" title="Kwara State">Kwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagos_State" title="Lagos State">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_State" title="Niger State">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogun_State" title="Ogun State">Ogun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ondo_State" title="Ondo State">Ondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osun_State" title="Osun State">Osun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyo_State" title="Oyo State">Oyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plateau_State" title="Plateau State">Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokoto_State" title="Sokoto State">Sokoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yobe_State" title="Yobe State">Yobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamfara_State" title="Zamfara State">Zamfara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/32px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/48px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/64px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Nigeria" title="Portal:Nigeria">Nigeria portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q429908#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q429908#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q429908#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11999988m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11999988m">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/55ca770c-5760-41c8-9011-54ebfdc2986b">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul 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