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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type"/> <title>Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this.</title>  <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" name="viewport"/> <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <link href="/static/browse/0.3.4/css/ar5iv.0.7.9.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <link href="/static/browse/0.3.4/css/ar5iv-fonts.0.7.9.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <link href="/static/browse/0.3.4/css/latexml_styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html2canvas/1.3.3/html2canvas.min.js"></script> <script src="/static/browse/0.3.4/js/addons_new.js"></script> <script src="/static/browse/0.3.4/js/feedbackOverlay.js"></script> <meta content=" component, formatting, style, styling, insert. " lang="en" name="keywords"/> <base href="/html/2503.14473v1/"/></head> <body> <nav class="ltx_page_navbar"> <nav class="ltx_TOC"> <ol class="ltx_toclist"> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"> <a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S1" title="In Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">I </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_smallcaps">Introduction</span></span></a> <ol class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section"> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S1.SS1" title="In I Introduction ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">I-A</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications</span></span></a></li> </ol> </li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_section"> <a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2" title="In Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref">II </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_smallcaps">Prepare Your Paper Before Styling</span></span></a> <ol class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_section"> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS1" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-A</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Abbreviations and Acronyms</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS2" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-B</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Units</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS3" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-C</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Equations</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS4" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-D</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo ltx_font_italic" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">-Specific Advice</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS5" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-E</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Some Common Mistakes</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS6" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-F</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Authors and Affiliations</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS7" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-G</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Identify the Headings</span></span></a></li> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_subsection"> <a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS8" title="In II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_ref"><span class="ltx_text">II-H</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic">Figures and Tables</span></span></a> <ol class="ltx_toclist ltx_toclist_subsection"> <li class="ltx_tocentry ltx_tocentry_paragraph"><a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS8.SSS0.Px1" title="In II-H Figures and Tables ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_title">Positioning Figures and Tables</span></a></li> </ol> </li> </ol> </li> </ol></nav> </nav> <div class="ltx_page_main"> <div class="ltx_page_content"> <article class="ltx_document ltx_authors_1line"> <h1 class="ltx_title ltx_title_document">Conference Paper Title* <br class="ltx_break"/><sup class="ltx_sup" id="id1.id1"><span class="ltx_text" id="id1.id1.1" style="font-size:80%;">*</span></sup><span class="ltx_text" id="id2.id2" style="font-size:80%;">Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used</span> <span class="ltx_note ltx_role_thanks" id="id3.id3"><sup class="ltx_note_mark">†</sup><span class="ltx_note_outer"><span class="ltx_note_content"><sup class="ltx_note_mark">†</sup><span class="ltx_note_type">thanks: </span>Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this.</span></span></span> </h1> <div class="ltx_authors"> <span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author"> <span class="ltx_personname">1<sup class="ltx_sup" id="id4.1.id1">st</sup> Given Name Surname </span><span class="ltx_author_notes"> <span class="ltx_contact ltx_role_affiliation"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id5.2.id1">dept. name of organization (of Aff.)</span> <br class="ltx_break"/><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id6.3.id2">name of organization (of Aff.) <br class="ltx_break"/></span>City, Country <br class="ltx_break"/>email address or ORCID </span></span></span> <span class="ltx_author_before"> </span><span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author"> <span class="ltx_personname">2<sup class="ltx_sup" id="id7.1.id1">nd</sup> Given Name Surname </span><span class="ltx_author_notes"> <span class="ltx_contact ltx_role_affiliation"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id8.2.id1">dept. name of organization (of Aff.)</span> <br class="ltx_break"/><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id9.3.id2">name of organization (of Aff.) <br class="ltx_break"/></span>City, Country <br class="ltx_break"/>email address or ORCID </span></span></span> <span class="ltx_author_before"> </span><span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author"> <span class="ltx_personname">3<sup class="ltx_sup" id="id10.1.id1">rd</sup> Given Name Surname </span><span class="ltx_author_notes"> <span class="ltx_contact ltx_role_affiliation"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id11.2.id1">dept. name of organization (of Aff.)</span> <br class="ltx_break"/><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id12.3.id2">name of organization (of Aff.) <br class="ltx_break"/></span>City, Country <br class="ltx_break"/>email address or ORCID </span></span></span> <span class="ltx_author_before"> </span><span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author"> <span class="ltx_personname">4<sup class="ltx_sup" id="id13.1.id1">th</sup> Given Name Surname </span><span class="ltx_author_notes"> <span class="ltx_contact ltx_role_affiliation"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id14.2.id1">dept. name of organization (of Aff.)</span> <br class="ltx_break"/><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id15.3.id2">name of organization (of Aff.) <br class="ltx_break"/></span>City, Country <br class="ltx_break"/>email address or ORCID </span></span></span> <span class="ltx_author_before"> </span><span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author"> <span class="ltx_personname">5<sup class="ltx_sup" id="id16.1.id1">th</sup> Given Name Surname </span><span class="ltx_author_notes"> <span class="ltx_contact ltx_role_affiliation"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id17.2.id1">dept. name of organization (of Aff.)</span> <br class="ltx_break"/><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id18.3.id2">name of organization (of Aff.) <br class="ltx_break"/></span>City, Country <br class="ltx_break"/>email address or ORCID </span></span></span> <span class="ltx_author_before"> </span><span class="ltx_creator ltx_role_author"> <span class="ltx_personname">6<sup class="ltx_sup" id="id19.1.id1">th</sup> Given Name Surname </span><span class="ltx_author_notes"> <span class="ltx_contact ltx_role_affiliation"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id20.2.id1">dept. name of organization (of Aff.)</span> <br class="ltx_break"/><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="id21.3.id2">name of organization (of Aff.) <br class="ltx_break"/></span>City, Country <br class="ltx_break"/>email address or ORCID </span></span></span> </div> <div class="ltx_abstract"> <h6 class="ltx_title ltx_title_abstract">Abstract</h6> <p class="ltx_p" id="id22.id1">This document is a model and instructions for <span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo" id="id22.id1.1" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="id22.id1.1.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="id22.id1.1.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span>. This and the IEEEtran.cls file define the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.]. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, Footnotes, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_keywords"> <h6 class="ltx_title ltx_title_keywords">Index Terms: </h6> component, formatting, style, styling, insert. </div> <section class="ltx_section" id="S1"> <h2 class="ltx_title ltx_title_section"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_section">I </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_smallcaps" id="S1.1.1">Introduction</span> </h2> <div class="ltx_para" id="S1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S1.p1.1">This document is a model and instructions for <span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo" id="S1.p1.1.1" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="S1.p1.1.1.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S1.p1.1.1.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span>. Please observe the conference page limits. For more information about how to become an IEEE Conference author or how to write your paper, please visit IEEE Conference Author Center website: https://conferences.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/.</p> </div> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S1.SS1"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S1.SS1.4.1.1">I-A</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S1.SS1.5.2">Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S1.SS1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S1.SS1.p1.1">The IEEEtran class file is used to format your paper and style the text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are prescribed; please do not alter them. You may note peculiarities. For example, the head margin measures proportionately more than is customary. This measurement and others are deliberate, using specifications that anticipate your paper as one part of the entire proceedings, and not as an independent document. Please do not revise any of the current designations.</p> </div> </section> </section> <section class="ltx_section" id="S2"> <h2 class="ltx_title ltx_title_section"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_section">II </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_smallcaps" id="S2.1.1">Prepare Your Paper Before Styling</span> </h2> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.p1.1">Before you begin to format your paper, first write and save the content as a separate text file. Complete all content and organizational editing before formatting. Please note sections <a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS1" title="II-A Abbreviations and Acronyms ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag"><span class="ltx_text">II-A</span></span></a> to <a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.SS8" title="II-H Figures and Tables ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag"><span class="ltx_text">II-H</span></span></a> below for more information on proofreading, spelling and grammar.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.p2"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.p2.1">Keep your text and graphic files separate until after the text has been formatted and styled. Do not number text heads—<span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo" id="S2.p2.1.1" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.p2.1.1.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.p2.1.1.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span> will do that for you.</p> </div> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS1"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS1.4.1.1">II-A</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS1.5.2">Abbreviations and Acronyms</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS1.p1.1">Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, ac, dc, and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless they are unavoidable.</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS2"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS2.4.1.1">II-B</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS2.5.2">Units</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS2.p1"> <ul class="ltx_itemize" id="S2.I1"> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I1.i1" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I1.i1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I1.i1.p1.1">Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are encouraged.) English units may be used as secondary units (in parentheses). An exception would be the use of English units as identifiers in trade, such as “3.5-inch disk drive”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I1.i2" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I1.i2.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I1.i2.p1.1">Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often leads to confusion because equations do not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state the units for each quantity that you use in an equation.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I1.i3" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I1.i3.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I1.i3.p1.1">Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of units: “Wb/m<sup class="ltx_sup" id="S2.I1.i3.p1.1.1">2</sup>” or “webers per square meter”, not “webers/m<sup class="ltx_sup" id="S2.I1.i3.p1.1.2">2</sup>”. Spell out units when they appear in text: “. . . a few henries”, not “. . . a few H”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I1.i4" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I1.i4.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I1.i4.p1.1">Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25”, not “.25”. Use “cm<sup class="ltx_sup" id="S2.I1.i4.p1.1.1">3</sup>”, not “cc”.)</p> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS3"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS3.4.1.1">II-C</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS3.5.2">Equations</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS3.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS3.p1.1">Number equations consecutively. To make your equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Italicize Roman symbols for quantities and variables, but not Greek symbols. Use a long dash rather than a hyphen for a minus sign. Punctuate equations with commas or periods when they are part of a sentence, as in:</p> <table class="ltx_equation ltx_eqn_table" id="S2.E1"> <tbody><tr class="ltx_equation ltx_eqn_row ltx_align_baseline"> <td class="ltx_eqn_cell ltx_eqn_center_padleft"></td> <td class="ltx_eqn_cell ltx_align_center"><math alttext="a+b=\gamma" class="ltx_Math" display="block" id="S2.E1.m1.1"><semantics id="S2.E1.m1.1a"><mrow id="S2.E1.m1.1.1" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.cmml"><mrow id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.cmml"><mi id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.2" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.2.cmml">a</mi><mo id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.1" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.1.cmml">+</mo><mi id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.3" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.3.cmml">b</mi></mrow><mo id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.1" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.1.cmml">=</mo><mi id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.3" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.3.cmml">γ</mi></mrow><annotation-xml encoding="MathML-Content" id="S2.E1.m1.1b"><apply id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1"><eq id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.1.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.1"></eq><apply id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2"><plus id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.1.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.1"></plus><ci id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.2.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.2">𝑎</ci><ci id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.3.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.2.3">𝑏</ci></apply><ci id="S2.E1.m1.1.1.3.cmml" xref="S2.E1.m1.1.1.3">𝛾</ci></apply></annotation-xml><annotation encoding="application/x-tex" id="S2.E1.m1.1c">a+b=\gamma</annotation><annotation encoding="application/x-llamapun" id="S2.E1.m1.1d">italic_a + italic_b = italic_γ</annotation></semantics></math></td> <td class="ltx_eqn_cell ltx_eqn_center_padright"></td> <td class="ltx_eqn_cell ltx_eqn_eqno ltx_align_middle ltx_align_right" rowspan="1"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_equation ltx_align_right">(1)</span></td> </tr></tbody> </table> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS3.p2"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS3.p2.1">Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined before or immediately following the equation. Use “(<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.E1" title="In II-C Equations ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag">1</span></a>)”, not “Eq. (<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.E1" title="In II-C Equations ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag">1</span></a>)” or “equation (<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.E1" title="In II-C Equations ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag">1</span></a>)”, except at the beginning of a sentence: “Equation (<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.E1" title="In II-C Equations ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag">1</span></a>) is . . .”</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS4"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.4.1.1">II-D</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS4.5.2" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.5.2.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.5.2.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS4.6.3">-Specific Advice</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p1.1">Please use “soft” (e.g., <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p1.1.1">\eqref{Eq}</code>) cross references instead of “hard” references (e.g., <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p1.1.2">(1)</code>). That will make it possible to combine sections, add equations, or change the order of figures or citations without having to go through the file line by line.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p2"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p2.1">Please don’t use the <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p2.1.1">{eqnarray}</code> equation environment. Use <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p2.1.2">{align}</code> or <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p2.1.3">{IEEEeqnarray}</code> instead. The <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p2.1.4">{eqnarray}</code> environment leaves unsightly spaces around relation symbols.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p3"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p3.1">Please note that the <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p3.1.1">{subequations}</code> environment in <span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo" id="S2.SS4.p3.1.2" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p3.1.2.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p3.1.2.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span> will increment the main equation counter even when there are no equation numbers displayed. If you forget that, you might write an article in which the equation numbers skip from (17) to (20), causing the copy editors to wonder if you’ve discovered a new method of counting.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p4"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p4.1">B<span class="ltx_text ltx_font_smallcaps" id="S2.SS4.p4.1.1">ib</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p4.1.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-3.0pt;">E</span>X does not work by magic. It doesn’t get the bibliographic data from thin air but from .bib files. If you use B<span class="ltx_text ltx_font_smallcaps" id="S2.SS4.p4.1.3">ib</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p4.1.4" style="position:relative; bottom:-3.0pt;">E</span>X to produce a bibliography you must send the .bib files.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p5"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p5.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo" id="S2.SS4.p5.1.1" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p5.1.1.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p5.1.1.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span> can’t read your mind. If you assign the same label to a subsubsection and a table, you might find that Table I has been cross referenced as Table IV-B3.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p6"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p6.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_LaTeX_logo" id="S2.SS4.p6.1.1" style="letter-spacing:-0.2em; margin-right:0.1em;">L<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p6.1.1.1" style="position:relative; bottom:0.4ex;font-variant:small-caps;;">a</span>T<span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS4.p6.1.1.2" style="position:relative; bottom:-0.2ex;font-variant:small-caps;font-size:120%;">e</span>X</span> does not have precognitive abilities. If you put a <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p6.1.2">\label</code> command before the command that updates the counter it’s supposed to be using, the label will pick up the last counter to be cross referenced instead. In particular, a <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p6.1.3">\label</code> command should not go before the caption of a figure or a table.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS4.p7"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS4.p7.1">Do not use <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p7.1.1">\nonumber</code> inside the <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p7.1.2">{array}</code> environment. It will not stop equation numbers inside <code class="ltx_verbatim ltx_font_typewriter" id="S2.SS4.p7.1.3">{array}</code> (there won’t be any anyway) and it might stop a wanted equation number in the surrounding equation.</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS5"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS5.4.1.1">II-E</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS5.5.2">Some Common Mistakes</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS5.p1"> <ul class="ltx_itemize" id="S2.I2"> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i1" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i1.p1.1">The word “data” is plural, not singular.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i2" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i2.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1">The subscript for the permeability of vacuum <math alttext="\mu_{0}" class="ltx_Math" display="inline" id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1"><semantics id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1a"><msub id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.cmml"><mi id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.2" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.2.cmml">μ</mi><mn id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.3" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.3.cmml">0</mn></msub><annotation-xml encoding="MathML-Content" id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1b"><apply id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.cmml" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1"><csymbol cd="ambiguous" id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.1.cmml" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1">subscript</csymbol><ci id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.2.cmml" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.2">𝜇</ci><cn id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.3.cmml" type="integer" xref="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1.1.3">0</cn></apply></annotation-xml><annotation encoding="application/x-tex" id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1c">\mu_{0}</annotation><annotation encoding="application/x-llamapun" id="S2.I2.i2.p1.1.m1.1d">italic_μ start_POSTSUBSCRIPT 0 end_POSTSUBSCRIPT</annotation></semantics></math>, and other common scientific constants, is zero with subscript formatting, not a lowercase letter “o”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i3" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i3.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i3.p1.1">In American English, commas, semicolons, periods, question and exclamation marks are located within quotation marks only when a complete thought or name is cited, such as a title or full quotation. When quotation marks are used, instead of a bold or italic typeface, to highlight a word or phrase, punctuation should appear outside of the quotation marks. A parenthetical phrase or statement at the end of a sentence is punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.)</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i4" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i4.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i4.p1.1">A graph within a graph is an “inset”, not an “insert”. The word alternatively is preferred to the word “alternately” (unless you really mean something that alternates).</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i5" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i5.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i5.p1.1">Do not use the word “essentially” to mean “approximately” or “effectively”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i6" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i6.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i6.p1.1">In your paper title, if the words “that uses” can accurately replace the word “using”, capitalize the “u”; if not, keep using lower-cased.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i7" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i7.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i7.p1.1">Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones “affect” and “effect”, “complement” and “compliment”, “discreet” and “discrete”, “principal” and “principle”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i8" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i8.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i8.p1.1">Do not confuse “imply” and “infer”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i9" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i9.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i9.p1.1">The prefix “non” is not a word; it should be joined to the word it modifies, usually without a hyphen.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i10" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i10.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i10.p1.1">There is no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.”.</p> </div> </li> <li class="ltx_item" id="S2.I2.i11" style="list-style-type:none;"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_item">•</span> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.I2.i11.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.I2.i11.p1.1">The abbreviation “i.e.” means “that is”, and the abbreviation “e.g.” means “for example”.</p> </div> </li> </ul> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS5.p1.1">An excellent style manual for science writers is <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib7" title="">7</a>]</cite>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS6"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS6.4.1.1">II-F</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS6.5.2">Authors and Affiliations</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS6.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS6.p1.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold" id="S2.SS6.p1.1.1">The class file is designed for, but not limited to, six authors.</span> A minimum of one author is required for all conference articles. Author names should be listed starting from left to right and then moving down to the next line. This is the author sequence that will be used in future citations and by indexing services. Names should not be listed in columns nor group by affiliation. Please keep your affiliations as succinct as possible (for example, do not differentiate among departments of the same organization).</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS7"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS7.4.1.1">II-G</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS7.5.2">Identify the Headings</span> </h3> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS7.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS7.p1.1">Headings, or heads, are organizational devices that guide the reader through your paper. There are two types: component heads and text heads.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS7.p2"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS7.p2.1">Component heads identify the different components of your paper and are not topically subordinate to each other. Examples include Acknowledgments and References and, for these, the correct style to use is “Heading 5”. Use “figure caption” for your Figure captions, and “table head” for your table title. Run-in heads, such as “Abstract”, will require you to apply a style (in this case, italic) in addition to the style provided by the drop down menu to differentiate the head from the text.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS7.p3"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS7.p3.1">Text heads organize the topics on a relational, hierarchical basis. For example, the paper title is the primary text head because all subsequent material relates and elaborates on this one topic. If there are two or more sub-topics, the next level head (uppercase Roman numerals) should be used and, conversely, if there are not at least two sub-topics, then no subheads should be introduced.</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_subsection" id="S2.SS8"> <h3 class="ltx_title ltx_title_subsection"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_subsection"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.SS8.4.1.1">II-H</span> </span><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.SS8.5.2">Figures and Tables</span> </h3> <section class="ltx_paragraph" id="S2.SS8.SSS0.Px1"> <h4 class="ltx_title ltx_title_paragraph">Positioning Figures and Tables</h4> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS8.SSS0.Px1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS8.SSS0.Px1.p1.1">Place figures and tables at the top and bottom of columns. Avoid placing them in the middle of columns. Large figures and tables may span across both columns. Figure captions should be below the figures; table heads should appear above the tables. Insert figures and tables after they are cited in the text. Use the abbreviation “Fig. <a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#S2.F1" title="Figure 1 ‣ Positioning Figures and Tables ‣ II-H Figures and Tables ‣ II Prepare Your Paper Before Styling ‣ Conference Paper Title* *Note: Sub-titles are not captured for https://ieeexplore.ieee.org and should not be used Identify applicable funding agency here. If none, delete this."><span class="ltx_text ltx_ref_tag">1</span></a>”, even at the beginning of a sentence.</p> </div> <figure class="ltx_table" id="S2.T1"> <figcaption class="ltx_caption"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_table">TABLE I: </span>Table Type Styles</figcaption> <table class="ltx_tabular ltx_centering ltx_guessed_headers ltx_align_middle" id="S2.T1.2.2"> <tbody class="ltx_tbody"> <tr class="ltx_tr" id="S2.T1.2.2.3.1"> <th class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_th ltx_th_row ltx_border_l ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.2.2.3.1.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold" id="S2.T1.2.2.3.1.1.1">Table</span></th> <td class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_border_l ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" colspan="3" id="S2.T1.2.2.3.1.2"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold" id="S2.T1.2.2.3.1.2.1">Table Column Head</span></td> </tr> <tr class="ltx_tr" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2"> <th class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_th ltx_th_row ltx_border_l ltx_border_r" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.1.1">Head</span></th> <td class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.2"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold ltx_font_italic" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.2.1">Table column subhead</span></td> <td class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.3"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold ltx_font_italic" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.3.1">Subhead</span></td> <td class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.4"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_bold ltx_font_italic" id="S2.T1.2.2.4.2.4.1">Subhead</span></td> </tr> <tr class="ltx_tr" id="S2.T1.1.1.1"> <th class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_th ltx_th_row ltx_border_l ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.1.1.1.2">copy</th> <td class="ltx_td ltx_align_center ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.1.1.1.1">More table copy<sup class="ltx_sup" id="S2.T1.1.1.1.1.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.T1.1.1.1.1.1.1">a</span></sup> </td> <td class="ltx_td ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.1.1.1.3"></td> <td class="ltx_td ltx_border_r ltx_border_t" id="S2.T1.1.1.1.4"></td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot class="ltx_tfoot"> <tr class="ltx_tr" id="S2.T1.2.2.2"> <th class="ltx_td ltx_align_left ltx_th ltx_th_row ltx_border_t" colspan="4" id="S2.T1.2.2.2.1"> <sup class="ltx_sup" id="S2.T1.2.2.2.1.1"><span class="ltx_text ltx_font_italic" id="S2.T1.2.2.2.1.1.1">a</span></sup>Sample of a Table footnote.</th> </tr> </tfoot> </table> </figure> <figure class="ltx_figure" id="S2.F1"> <p class="ltx_p ltx_align_center" id="S2.F1.1"><span class="ltx_text" id="S2.F1.1.1"><img alt="Refer to caption" class="ltx_graphics" id="S2.F1.1.1.g1" src="fig1.png"/></span></p> <figcaption class="ltx_caption"><span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_figure">Figure 1: </span>Example of a figure caption.</figcaption> </figure> <div class="ltx_para" id="S2.SS8.SSS0.Px1.p2"> <p class="ltx_p" id="S2.SS8.SSS0.Px1.p2.1">Figure Labels: Use 8 point Times New Roman for Figure labels. Use words rather than symbols or abbreviations when writing Figure axis labels to avoid confusing the reader. As an example, write the quantity “Magnetization”, or “Magnetization, M”, not just “M”. If including units in the label, present them within parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. In the example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or “Magnetization {A[m(1)]}”, not just “A/m”. Do not label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write “Temperature (K)”, not “Temperature/K”.</p> </div> </section> </section> </section> <section class="ltx_section" id="Sx1"> <h2 class="ltx_title ltx_font_smallcaps ltx_title_section">Acknowledgment</h2> <div class="ltx_para" id="Sx1.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="Sx1.p1.2">The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in America is without an “e” after the “g”. Avoid the stilted expression “one of us (R. B. G.) thanks <math alttext="\ldots" class="ltx_Math" display="inline" id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1"><semantics id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1a"><mi id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1.1" mathvariant="normal" xref="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1.1.cmml">…</mi><annotation-xml encoding="MathML-Content" id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1b"><ci id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1.1.cmml" xref="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1.1">…</ci></annotation-xml><annotation encoding="application/x-tex" id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1c">\ldots</annotation><annotation encoding="application/x-llamapun" id="Sx1.p1.1.m1.1d">…</annotation></semantics></math>”. Instead, try “R. B. G. thanks<math alttext="\ldots" class="ltx_Math" display="inline" id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1"><semantics id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1a"><mi id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1.1" mathvariant="normal" xref="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1.1.cmml">…</mi><annotation-xml encoding="MathML-Content" id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1b"><ci id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1.1.cmml" xref="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1.1">…</ci></annotation-xml><annotation encoding="application/x-tex" id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1c">\ldots</annotation><annotation encoding="application/x-llamapun" id="Sx1.p1.2.m2.1d">…</annotation></semantics></math>”. Put sponsor acknowledgments in the unnumbered footnote on the first page.</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_section" id="Sx2"> <h2 class="ltx_title ltx_font_smallcaps ltx_title_section">References</h2> <div class="ltx_para" id="Sx2.p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="Sx2.p1.1">Please number citations consecutively within brackets <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib1" title="">1</a>]</cite>. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib2" title="">2</a>]</cite>. Refer simply to the reference number, as in <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib3" title="">3</a>]</cite>—do not use “Ref. <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib3" title="">3</a>]</cite>” or “reference <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib3" title="">3</a>]</cite>” except at the beginning of a sentence: “Reference <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib3" title="">3</a>]</cite> was the first <math alttext="\ldots" class="ltx_Math" display="inline" id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1"><semantics id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1a"><mi id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1.1" mathvariant="normal" xref="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1.1.cmml">…</mi><annotation-xml encoding="MathML-Content" id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1b"><ci id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1.1.cmml" xref="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1.1">…</ci></annotation-xml><annotation encoding="application/x-tex" id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1c">\ldots</annotation><annotation encoding="application/x-llamapun" id="Sx2.p1.1.m1.1d">…</annotation></semantics></math>”</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="Sx2.p2"> <p class="ltx_p" id="Sx2.p2.1">Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was cited. Do not put footnotes in the abstract or reference list. Use letters for table footnotes.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="Sx2.p3"> <p class="ltx_p" id="Sx2.p3.1">Unless there are six authors or more give all authors’ names; do not use “et al.”. Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as “unpublished” <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib4" title="">4</a>]</cite>. Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as “in press” <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib5" title="">5</a>]</cite>. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols.</p> </div> <div class="ltx_para" id="Sx2.p4"> <p class="ltx_p" id="Sx2.p4.1">For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language citation <cite class="ltx_cite ltx_citemacro_cite">[<a class="ltx_ref" href="https://arxiv.org/html/2503.14473v1#bib.bib6" title="">6</a>]</cite>.</p> </div> </section> <section class="ltx_bibliography" id="bib"> <h2 class="ltx_title ltx_title_bibliography">References</h2> <ul class="ltx_biblist"> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib1"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[1]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> G. Eason, B. Noble, and I. N. Sneddon, “On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529–551, April 1955. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib2"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[2]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib3"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[3]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> I. S. Jacobs and C. P. Bean, “Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy,” in Magnetism, vol. III, G. T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271–350. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib4"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[4]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> K. Elissa, “Title of paper if known,” unpublished. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib5"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[5]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> R. Nicole, “Title of paper with only first word capitalized,” J. Name Stand. Abbrev., in press. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib6"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[6]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface,” IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740–741, August 1987 [Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982]. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib7"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[7]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989. </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib8"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[8]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> D. P. Kingma and M. Welling, “Auto-encoding variational Bayes,” 2013, arXiv:1312.6114. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6114 </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib9"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[9]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> S. Liu, “Wi-Fi Energy Detection Testbed (12MTC),” 2023, gitHub repository. [Online]. Available: https://github.com/liustone99/Wi-Fi-Energy-Detection-Testbed-12MTC </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib10"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[10]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> “Treatment episode data set: discharges (TEDS-D): concatenated, 2006 to 2009.” U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies, August, 2013, DOI:10.3886/ICPSR30122.v2 </span> </li> <li class="ltx_bibitem" id="bib.bib11"> <span class="ltx_tag ltx_tag_bibitem">[11]</span> <span class="ltx_bibblock"> K. Eves and J. Valasek, “Adaptive control for singularly perturbed systems examples,” Code Ocean, Aug. 2023. [Online]. Available: https://codeocean.com/capsule/4989235/tree </span> </li> </ul> </section> <div class="ltx_para" id="p1"> <p class="ltx_p" id="p1.1"><span class="ltx_text" id="p1.1.1" style="color:#FF0000;">IEEE conference templates contain guidance text for composing and formatting conference papers. Please ensure that all template text is removed from your conference paper prior to submission to the conference. 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