CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>   <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="//matomo.waset.org/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '2']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  <title>Search results for: testicular germ cell</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: testicular germ cell"> <meta name="keywords" content="testicular germ cell"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="testicular germ cell" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2025/2026/2027">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="testicular germ cell"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3779</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: testicular germ cell</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3779</span> Early Metastatic Cancer: A Review of Its Management and Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diwei%20Lin">Diwei Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20Jia%20Hui%20Tan"> Amanda Jia Hui Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2012, testicular cancer was estimated to account for 940 disability adjusted life years in Australia; of these, 450 were years lost due to premature death and 500 were years of healthy life lost due to disease, disability or injury. Testicular choriocarcinoma is one of the rarest variants of testicular germ cell tumours, accounting for less than 1% of testicular germ cell tumours and only about 0.19% of all testicular tumours. Management involves radical orchiectomy followed by chemotherapy. Even then, the prognosis is extremely poor. This case report describes a 20-year-old male with pure testicular choriocarcinoma with pulmonary metastases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20cancer" title="testicular cancer">testicular cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=choriocarcinoma" title=" choriocarcinoma"> choriocarcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptorchidism" title=" cryptorchidism"> cryptorchidism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemotherapy" title=" chemotherapy"> chemotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastatic%20testicular%20cancer" title=" metastatic testicular cancer"> metastatic testicular cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11056/early-metastatic-cancer-a-review-of-its-management-and-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3778</span> Colonization of Embrionic Gonads of Nile Tilapia by Giant Gourami Testicular Germ Cells </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irma%20Andriani">Irma Andriani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ita%20Djuwita"> Ita Djuwita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komar%20Sumantadinata"> Komar Sumantadinata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alimuddin"> Alimuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The recent study has been conducted to develop testicular germ cell transplantation as a tool for preservation and propagation of male germ-plasm from endangered fish species, as well as to produce surrogate broodstock of commercially valuable fish. Giant gourami testis had been used as a model for donor and Nile tilapia larvae as recipient. We developed testicular cell xenotransplantation by optimizing the timing of intraperitoneal cell transplantation to recipient larvae aged 1, 3, 5 and 7 days post hatching (dph). Freshly isolated testis of giant gourami weighing 600–800 g were minced in dissociation medium and then incubated for 3 hours in room temperature to collect monodisperce cell suspension. Donor cells labeled with PKH 26 were transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of Nile tilapia larvae using glass micropipettes. Parameters observed were survival rate of Nile tilapia larvae at 24 hours post transplantation (pt) and colonization efficiency of donor cells at 2 and 3 months pt. The incorporated donor cells were observed under fluorescent microscope. The result showed that the lowest survival rate at 24 hours pt was 1 dph larvae (82.74±6.76%) and the highest survival rate were 3 and 5 dph larvae (95.00±5.00% and 95.00±2.50%, respectively). The highest colonization efficiency was on 3 dph larvae (61.1±34.71%) and the lowest colonization efficiency was on 7 dph larvae (19.43±17.33%). In conclusion, 3 dph Nile tilapia larvae was the best recipient for giant gourami testicular germ cells xenotransplantation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xenotransplantation" title="xenotransplantation">xenotransplantation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell" title=" testicular germ cell"> testicular germ cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=giant%20gourami" title=" giant gourami"> giant gourami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nile%20tilapia" title=" Nile tilapia"> Nile tilapia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonization%20efficiency" title=" colonization efficiency"> colonization efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10265/colonization-of-embrionic-gonads-of-nile-tilapia-by-giant-gourami-testicular-germ-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">585</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3777</span> Molecular Signaling Involved in the 'Benzo(a)Pyrene' Induced Germ Cell DNA Damage and Apoptosis: Possible Protection by Natural Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist and Anti-Tumor Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuladip%20Jana">Kuladip Jana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] is an environmental toxicant present mostly in cigarette smoke and car exhaust, is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand that exerts its toxic effects on both male and female reproductive systems. In this study, the effect of B(a)P at different doses (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 5 mg /kg body weight) was studied on male reproductive system of rat. A significant decrease in cauda epididymal sperm count and motility along with the presence of sperm head abnormalities and altered epididymal and testicular histology were documented following B(a)P treatment. B(a)P treatment resulted apoptotic sperm cells as observed by TUNEL and Annexin V-PI assay with increased ROS, altered sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) with a simultaneous decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and GSH status. TUNEL positive apoptotic cells also observed in testis as well as isolated germ and Leydig cells following B(a)P exposure. Western Blot analysis revealed the activation of p38MAPK, cytosolic translocation of cytochrome-c, up-regulation of Bax and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with cleavage of PARP and down-regulation of BCl2 in testis upon B(a)P treatment. The protein and mRNA levels of testicular key steroidogenesis regulatory proteins like StAR, cytochrome P450 IIA1 (CYPIIA1), 3β HSD, 17β HSD showed a significant decrease in a dose dependent manner while an increase in the expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), active caspase- 9 and caspase- 3 following B(a)P exposure. We conclude that exposure of benzo(a)pyrene caused testicular gamatogenic and steroidogenic disorders by induction of oxidative stress, inhibition of StAR and other steroidogenic enzymes along with activation of p38MAPK and initiated caspase-3 mediated germ and Leydig cell apoptosis.The possible protective role of naturally occurring phytochemicals against B(a)P induced testicular toxicity needs immediate consideration. Curcumin and resveratrol separately were found to protect against B(a)P induced germ cell apoptosis, and their combinatorial effect was more significant. Our present study in isolated testicular germ cell population from adult male Wistar rats, highlighted their synergistic protective effect against B(a)P induced germ cell apoptosis. Curcumin-resveratrol co-treatment decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins like cleaved caspase 3,8,9, cleaved PARP, Apaf1, FasL, tBid. Curcumin-resveratrol co-treatment decreased Bax/Bcl2 ratio, mitochondria to cytosolic translocation of cytochrome c and activated the survival protein Akt. Curcumin-resveratrol decreased the expression of p53 dependent apoptotic genes like Fas, FasL, Bax, Bcl2, Apaf1.Curcumin-resveratrol co-treatment thus prevented B(a)P induced germ cell apoptosis. B(a)P induced testicular ROS generation and oxidative stress were significantly ameliorated with curcumin and resveratrol. Curcumin-resveratrol co-treatment prevented B(a)P induced nuclear translocation of AhR and CYP1A1 production. The combinatorial treatment significantly inhibited B(a)P induced ERK 1/2, p38 MAPK and JNK 1/2 activation. B(a)P treatment increased the expression of p53 and its phosphorylation (p53 ser 15). Curcumin-resveratrol co-treatment significantly decreased p53 level and its phosphorylation (p53 ser 15). The study concludes that curcumin-resveratrol synergistically modulated MAPKs and p53, prevented oxidative stress, regulated the expression of pro and anti-apoptotic proteins as well as the proteins involved in B(a)P metabolism thus protected germ cells from B(a)P induced apoptosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzo%28a%29pyrene" title="benzo(a)pyrene">benzo(a)pyrene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germ%20cell" title=" germ cell"> germ cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resveratrol" title=" resveratrol"> resveratrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curcumin" title=" curcumin"> curcumin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53640/molecular-signaling-involved-in-the-benzoapyrene-induced-germ-cell-dna-damage-and-apoptosis-possible-protection-by-natural-aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor-antagonist-and-anti-tumor-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3776</span> In vitro Evaluation of Prebiotic Potential of Wheat Germ</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%ADgia%20Pimentel">Lígia Pimentel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Pereira"> Miguel Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuela%20Pintado"> Manuela Pintado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wheat germ is a by-product of wheat flour refining. Despite this by-product being a source of proteins, lipids, fibres and complex carbohydrates, and consequently a valuable ingredient to be used in Food Industry, only few applications have been studied. The main goal of this study was to assess the potential prebiotic effect of natural wheat germ. The prebiotic potential was evaluated by in vitro assays with individual microbial strains (Lactobacillus paracasei L26 and Lactobacillus casei L431). A simulated model of the gastrointestinal digestion was also used including the conditions present in the mouth (artificial saliva), oesophagus–stomach (artificial gastric juice), duodenum (artificial intestinal juice) and ileum. The effect of natural wheat germ and wheat germ after digestion on the growth of lactic acid bacteria was studied by growing those microorganisms in de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth (with 2% wheat germ and 1% wheat germ after digestion) and incubating at 37 ºC for 48 h with stirring. A negative control consisting of MRS broth without glucose was used and the substrate was also compared to a commercial prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Samples were taken at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h for bacterial cell counts (CFU/mL) and pH measurement. Results obtained showed that wheat germ has a stimulatory effect on the bacteria tested, presenting similar (or even higher) results to FOS, when comparing to the culture medium without glucose. This was demonstrated by the viable cell counts and also by the decrease on the medium pH. Both L. paracasei L26 and L. casei L431 could use these compounds as a substitute for glucose with an enhancement of growth. In conclusion, we have shown that wheat germ stimulate the growth of probiotic lactic acid bacteria. In order to understand if the composition of gut bacteria is altered and if wheat germ could be used as potential prebiotic, further studies including faecal fermentations should be carried out. Nevertheless, wheat germ seems to have potential to be a valuable compound to be used in Food Industry, mainly in the Bakery Industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=by-products" title="by-products">by-products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20ingredients" title=" functional ingredients"> functional ingredients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotic%20potential" title=" prebiotic potential"> prebiotic potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat%20germ" title=" wheat germ"> wheat germ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31117/in-vitro-evaluation-of-prebiotic-potential-of-wheat-germ" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3775</span> Protective Effect of Rivaroxaban Against Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Abdel%20Baset">Marwan Abdel Baset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sally%20A.%20El%20Awdan"> Sally A. El Awdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20S.%20Khattab"> Marwa S. Khattab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20A.%20El-Marasy"> Salma A. El-Marasy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rivaroxaban (RVX) id used to treat thrombosis however its effect on testicular IR hasnot been investigated yet. This study investigates the effect of RVX on testicular ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups. The sham group, testicular ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group, the remaining 2 groups were treated with RVX in doses of7 and 14 mg/kg, respectively for a week prior IR. Then biochemical parameters were carried out in addition to western blot analysis. RVX-treated groups showed significant reduction in protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) associated with elevation in testosterone level, reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), elevation in glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduction in nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-ĸb p65), reduction in Bax (Bcl2-associated X protein) and elevation in BCL2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), content. Moreover, RVX reduced caspase-3 protein expression. It can be concluded that HIF-1α mediated RVX’s anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and, anti-apoptotic effect in rats subjected to testicular IR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIF-1%CE%B1" title="HIF-1α">HIF-1α</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rivaroxaban" title=" rivaroxaban"> rivaroxaban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20ischemia-reperfusion" title=" testicular ischemia-reperfusion"> testicular ischemia-reperfusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196125/protective-effect-of-rivaroxaban-against-testicular-ischemia-reperfusion-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3774</span> Anomalous Origin of Bilateral Testicular Arteries: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arthi%20Ganapathy">Arthi Ganapathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arithra%20Banerjee"> Arithra Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saroj%20Kaler"> Saroj Kaler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abdominal aorta is the sole purveyor of all organs in the abdomen. Anomalies of its main trunk or its branches are to be meticulously observed as it effects the perfusion of an organ. Varying patterns of the testicular artery is one of them. The origin and course of testicular arteries have to be identified carefully during various surgical procedures like renal transplant, intra abdominal surgeries and even in orthopedic surgery like spine surgery. With the advent of new intra-abdominal therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, the anatomy of testicular arteries has assumed much more significance. Though the variations of the testicular vein are well documented, the variations of the testicular artery are not so frequent in incidence. We report a case of the bilateral aberrant origin of the testicular artery from polar renal arteries. We also discuss its developmental basis. Such anomalies if left unnoticed will lead to serious intraoperative complications during procedures on retroperitoneal organs. Any damage to testicular arteries will compromise the function of the gonads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadaver" title="cadaver">cadaver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gonadal" title=" gonadal"> gonadal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal" title=" renal"> renal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgery" title=" surgery"> surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77926/anomalous-origin-of-bilateral-testicular-arteries-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3773</span> Protective Effect of Thymoquinone against Arsenic-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20A.%20Fouad">Amr A. Fouad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20H.%20Albuali"> Waleed H. Albuali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iyad%20Jresat"> Iyad Jresat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) was investigated in rats exposed to testicular injury induced by sodium arsenite (10mg/kg/day, orally, for two days). TQ treatment (10mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal injection) was applied for five days, starting three day before arsenic administration. TQ significantly attenuated the arsenic-induced decreases of serum testosterone, and testicular reduced glutathione level, and significantly decreased the elevations of testicular malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels resulted from arsenic administration. Also, TQ ameliorated the arsenic-induced testicular tissue injury observed by histopathological examination. In addition, TQ decreased the arsenic-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and caspase-3 in testicular tissue. It was concluded that TQ may represent a potential candidate to protect against arsenic-induced testicular injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thymoquinone" title="thymoquinone">thymoquinone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arsenic" title=" arsenic"> arsenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testes" title=" testes"> testes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6289/protective-effect-of-thymoquinone-against-arsenic-induced-testicular-toxicity-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3772</span> Transverse Testicular Ectopia: A Case Report with Review of Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rida%20Ahmad">Rida Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Areej%20S.%20Habib"> Areej S. Habib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohail%20A.%20Dogar"> Sohail A. Dogar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saqib%20H.%20Qazi"> Saqib H. Qazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transverse testicular ectopia is a rare congenital disorder involving mal descent and mal-positioning of the testes, reported in the medical literature about 300 times. Many theories attempt to explain the failure of the testes to migrate to their correct location. While the age at presentation can vary; most cases present in early adolescents or late adulthood. It is often an incidental discovery made during an operative intervention, most commonly during hernia exploration. It can be isolated or present with a plethora of anomalies. We present the case of a 2-year-old male with transverse testicular ectopia who presented with vague abdominal pain. He was managed successfully with the Modified Ombredanne procedure and good outcome 6 months after the procedure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptorchidism" title="cryptorchidism">cryptorchidism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persistent%20Mullerian%20duct%20syndrome" title=" persistent Mullerian duct syndrome"> persistent Mullerian duct syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transverse%20testicular%20ectopia" title=" transverse testicular ectopia"> transverse testicular ectopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20mal-descent" title=" testicular mal-descent"> testicular mal-descent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141125/transverse-testicular-ectopia-a-case-report-with-review-of-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3771</span> Resveratrol Ameliorates Benzo(a)Pyrene Induced Testicular Dysfunction and Apoptosis: Involvement of p38 MAPK/ATF2/iNOS Signaling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuladip%20Jana">Kuladip Jana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhaswati%20Banerjee"> Bhaswati Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parimal%20C.%20Sen"> Parimal C. Sen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] is an environmental toxicant present mostly in cigarette smoke and car exhaust, is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand that exerts its toxic effects on both male and female reproductive systems along with carcinogenesis in skin, prostate, ovary, lung and mammary glands. Our study was focused on elucidating the molecular mechanism of B(a)P induced male reproductive toxicity and its prevention with phytochemical like resveratrol. In this study, the effect of B(a)P at different doses (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 5 mg /kg body weight) was studied on male reproductive system of Wistar rat. A significant decrease in cauda epididymal sperm count and motility along with the presence of sperm head abnormalities and altered epididymal and testicular histology were documented following B(a)P treatment. B(a)P treatment resulted apoptotic sperm cells as observed by TUNEL and Annexin V-PI assay with increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), altered sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) with a simultaneous decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and GSH status. TUNEL positive apoptotic cells also observed in testis as well as isolated germ and Leydig cells following B(a)P exposure. Western Blot analysis revealed the activation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), cytosolic translocation of cytochrome-c, upregulation of Bax and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and down regulation of BCl2 in testis upon B(a)P treatment. The protein and mRNA levels of testicular key steroidogenesis regulatory proteins like steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 IIA1 (CYPIIA1), 3β hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (3β HSD), 17β hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (17β HSD) showed a significant decrease in a dose dependent manner while an increase in the expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), active caspase- 9 and caspase- 3 following B(a)P exposure. We conclude that exposure of benzo(a)pyrene caused testicular gamatogenic and steroidogenic disorders by induction of oxidative stress, inhibition of StAR and other steroidogenic enzymes along with activation of p38MAPK and initiated caspase-3 mediated germ and Leydig cell apoptosis. Next we investigated the role of resveratrol on B(a)P induced male reproductive toxicity. Our study highlighted that resveratrol co-treatment with B(a)P maintained testicular redox potential, increased serum testosterone level and prevented steroidogenic dysfunction with enhanced expression of major testicular steroidogenic proteins (CYPIIA1, StAR, 3β HSD,17β HSD) relative to treatment with B(a)P only. Resveratrol suppressed B(a)P-induced testicular activation of p38 MAPK, ATF2, iNOS and ROS production; cytosolic translocation of Cytochome c and Caspase 3 activation thereby prevented oxidative stress of testis and inhibited apoptosis. Resveratrol co-treatment also decreased B(a)P-induced AhR protein level, its nuclear translocation and subsequent CYP1A1 promoter activation, thereby decreased protein and mRNA levels of testicular cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and prevented BPDE-DNA adduct formation. Our findings cumulatively suggest that resveratrol prevents activation of B(a)P by modulating the transcriptional regulation of CYP1A1 and acting as an antioxidant thus prevents B(a)P-induced oxidative stress and testicular apoptosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzo%28a%29pyrene" title="benzo(a)pyrene">benzo(a)pyrene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resveratrol" title=" resveratrol"> resveratrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testis" title=" testis"> testis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytochrome%20P450%201A1%20%28CYP1A1%29" title=" cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)"> cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aryl%20hydrocarbon%20receptor%20%28AhR%29" title=" aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)"> aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p38%20MAPK%2FATF2%2FiNOS" title=" p38 MAPK/ATF2/iNOS"> p38 MAPK/ATF2/iNOS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49374/resveratrol-ameliorates-benzoapyrene-induced-testicular-dysfunction-and-apoptosis-involvement-of-p38-mapkatf2inos-signaling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3770</span> Involvement of Multi-Drug Resistance Protein (Mrp) 3 in Resveratrol Protection against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Damage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Morsy">Mohamed A. Morsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azza%20A.%20K.%20El-Sheikh"> Azza A. K. El-Sheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulla%20Y.%20Al-Taher"> Abdulla Y. Al-Taher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of resveratrol (RES) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced testicular damage. RES (10 mg/kg/day) was given for 8 days orally and MTX (20 mg/kg i.p.) was given at day 4 of experiment, with or without RES in rats. MTX decreased serum testosterone, induced histopathological testicular damage, increased testicular tumor necrosis factor-α level and expression of nuclear factor-κB and cyclooxygenase-2. In MTX/RES group, significant reversal of these parameters was noticed, compared to MTX group. Testicular expression of multidrug resistance protein (Mrp) 3 was three- and five-folds higher in RES- and MTX/RES-treated groups, respectively. In vitro, using prostate cancer cells, each of MTX and RES alone induced cytotoxicity with IC50 0.18 ± 0.08 and 20.5 ± 3.6 µM, respectively. RES also significantly enhanced cytotoxicity of MTX. In conclusion, RES appears to have dual beneficial effect, as it promotes MTX tumor cytotoxicity, while protecting the testes, probably via up-regulation of testicular Mrp3 as a novel mechanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resveratrol" title="resveratrol">resveratrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methotrexate" title=" methotrexate"> methotrexate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidrug%20resistance%20protein%203" title=" multidrug resistance protein 3"> multidrug resistance protein 3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20necrosis%20factor-%CE%B1" title=" tumor necrosis factor-α"> tumor necrosis factor-α</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20factor-%CE%BAB" title=" nuclear factor-κB"> nuclear factor-κB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclooxygenase-2" title=" cyclooxygenase-2"> cyclooxygenase-2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17378/involvement-of-multi-drug-resistance-protein-mrp-3-in-resveratrol-protection-against-methotrexate-induced-testicular-damage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3769</span> The Effects of Androgen Receptor Mutation on Cryptorchid Testes in 46, XY Female </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihtisham%20Bukhari">Ihtisham Bukhari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current study, we enrolled a 46, XY phenotypically female patient bearing testes in her inguinal canal. DNA sequencing of the AR gene detected a missense mutation C.1715A > G (p. Y572C) in exon 2 which is already known to cause Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS). We further studied the effects of this mutation on the testicular histopathology of the patient. No spermatocytes were seen in the surface spreading of testicular tissues while H&E staining showed that seminiferous tubules predominantly have only Sertoli cells. To confirm this meiotic failure is likely due to the current AR mutation we performed mRNA expression of genes associated with AR pathway, expression and location of the associated proteins in testicular tissues. Western blot and real-time PCR data showed that the patient had high levels of expression of AMH, SOX9, and INNB in testis. Tubules were stained with SOX9 and AMH which revealed Sertoli cell maturation arrest. Therefore, we suggest that AR mutation enhances AMH expression which ultimately leads to failure in the maturation of Sertoli cells and failure in spermatogenesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androgen%20receptor" title="androgen receptor">androgen receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spermatogenesis" title=" spermatogenesis"> spermatogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infertility" title=" infertility"> infertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sertoli%20cell%20only%20syndrome" title=" Sertoli cell only syndrome"> Sertoli cell only syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90798/the-effects-of-androgen-receptor-mutation-on-cryptorchid-testes-in-46-xy-female" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3768</span> Effect of Drying Condition on the Wheat Germ Stability Using Fluidized-Bed Dryer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20Hung">J. M. Hung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20S.%20Chan"> J. S. Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Kuo"> M. I. Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S.%20Chan"> D. S. Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20P.%20Lu"> C. P. Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wheat germ is a by-product obtained from wheat milling and it contains highly concentrated nutrients. Due to highly lipase and lipoxygenase activities, wheat germ products can easily turn into rancid flavor and cause a short life. The objective of this study is to control moisture content and retard lipid hydrolysis by fluidized-bed drying. The raw wheat germ of 2 kg was dried with a vertical batch fluidized bed with the following varying conditions, inlet air temperature of 50, 80 and 120°C, inlet air velocity of 3.62 m/s. The experiment was designed to obtain a final product at around 40°C with water activity of 0.3 ± 0.1. Changes in the moisture content, water activity, enzyme activity of dried wheat germ during storage were measured. Results showed the fluidized-bed drying was found to reduce moisture content, water activity and lipase activity of raw wheat germ. After drying wheat germ, moisture content and water activity were between 5.8% to 7.2% and 0.28 to 0.40 respectively during 12 weeks of storage. The variation range of water activity indicated to retard lipid oxidation. All drying treatments displayed inactivation of lipase, except for drying condition of 50°C which showed relative high enzyme activity. During storage, lipase activity increased slowly during the first 6 weeks of storage and reached a plateau for another 6 weeks. As a result, using a fluidized-bed dryer was found to be effective drying technique in improving storage stability of wheat germ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat%20germ" title="wheat germ">wheat germ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluidized-bed%20dryer" title=" fluidized-bed dryer"> fluidized-bed dryer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipase" title=" lipase"> lipase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54931/effect-of-drying-condition-on-the-wheat-germ-stability-using-fluidized-bed-dryer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3767</span> The Protective Effect of Grape Seed Oil with Use of Ciprofloxacin Induced Germ Cell Toxicity in Male Albino Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galawezh%20Obaid%20Othman">Galawezh Obaid Othman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the germ cell toxicity induced by ciprofloxacin antibiotic and the Protective effect of grape seed oil, Ciproflaxin uses include treatment of genitor-urinary and some reproductive tract bacterial infections. One of the most attractive approaches to disease prevention involves the use of natural antioxidants to protect tissue against toxic injury, the possible protective effect of grape seed oil, against ciprofloxacin induced reproductive toxicity on mouse .the animals were randomly divided into four groups consisting of five mice. Group (1) was orally given distilled water (solvent of the used drugs) and kept as a control. Group (2) was administered 6ml/kg. b.w of grape seed oil orally 15 days .Group (3) was administered 206mg/kg. b.w of ciprofloxacin orally for 15 days.. Last group was treated orally with Grape seed oil (6mg/kg b.w. /day) prior to an orally administered ciprofloxacin (CPX) at a dose of 206 mg⁄kg. b.w. by three hours for fifteen days. Ciproflaxin have ability to induce various types of sperm abnormalities such as (Sperm without head, sperm without tail, defective head spearm,swollen head sperm ), The results explored that Grape seed oil possesses statistically significant (p<0.05) protective potential against Ciproflaxin by decreasing sperm abnormalities frequency in mouse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimutagen" title="antimutagen">antimutagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ciprofloxacin" title=" ciprofloxacin"> ciprofloxacin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grape%20seed%20oil" title=" grape seed oil"> grape seed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germ%20cell" title=" germ cell"> germ cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19278/the-protective-effect-of-grape-seed-oil-with-use-of-ciprofloxacin-induced-germ-cell-toxicity-in-male-albino-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3766</span> Literature Review of Rare Synchronous Tumours</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diwei%20Lin">Diwei Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20Tan"> Amanda Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajinder%20Singh-Rai"> Rajinder Singh-Rai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present the first reported case of a concomitant Leydig cell tumor (LCT) and paratesticular leiomyoma in an adult male with a known history of bilateral cryptorchidism. An 80-year-old male presented with a 2-month history of a left testicular lump associated with mild discomfort and a gradual increase in size on a background of bilateral cryptorchidism requiring multiple orchidopexy procedures as a child. Ultrasound confirmed a lesion suspicious for malignancy and he proceeded to a left radical orchidectomy. Histopathological assessment of the left testis revealed a concomitant testicular LCT with malignant features and paratesticular leiomyoma. Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) are the most common pure testicular sex cord-stromal tumors, accounting for up to 3% of all testicular tumors. They can occur at almost any age, but are noted to have a bi-modal distribution, with a peak incidence at 6 to 10 and at 20 to 50 years of age. LCT’s are often hormonally active and can lead to feminizing or virilizing syndromes. LCT’s are usually regarded as benign but can rarely exhibit malignant traits. Paratesticular tumours are uncommon and their reported prevalence varies between 3% and 16%. They occur in a complex anatomical area which includes the contents of the spermatic cord, testicular tunics, epididymis and vestigial remnants. Up to 90% of paratesticular tumours are believed to originate from the spermatic cord, though it is often difficult to definitively ascertain the exact site of origin. Although any type of soft-tissue neoplasm can be found in the paratesticular region, the most common benign tumors reported are lipomas of the spermatic cord, adenomatoid tumours of the epididymis and leiomyomas of the testis. Genetic studies have identified potential mutations that could potentially cause LCTs, but there are no known associations between concomitant LCTs and paratesticular tumors. The presence of cryptorchidism in adults with both LCTs and paratesticular neoplasms individually has been previously reported and it appears intuitive that cryptorchidism is likely to be associated with the concomitant presentation in this case report. This report represents the first documented case in the literature of a unilateral concomitant LCT and paratesticular leiomyoma on a background of bilateral cryptorchidism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20cancer" title="testicular cancer">testicular cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leydig%20cell%20tumour" title=" leydig cell tumour"> leydig cell tumour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leiomyoma" title=" leiomyoma"> leiomyoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paratesticular%20neoplasms" title=" paratesticular neoplasms"> paratesticular neoplasms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9864/literature-review-of-rare-synchronous-tumours" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3765</span> Evaluation of Role of Surgery in Management of Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors According to Risk Adapted Therapy Protocols</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdallatif">Ahmed Abdallatif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Patients with malignant germ cell tumors have age distribution in two peaks, with the first one during infancy and the second after the onset of puberty. Gonadal germ cell tumors are the most common malignant ovarian tumor in females aged below twenty years. Sacrococcygeal and retroperitoneal abdominal tumors usually presents in a large size before the onset of symptoms. Methods: Patients with pediatric germ cell tumors presenting to Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt and National Cancer Institute Egypt from January 2008 to June 2011 Patients underwent stratification according to risk into low, intermediate and high risk groups according to children oncology group classification. Objectives: Assessment of the clinicopathologic features of all cases of pediatric germ cell tumors and classification of malignant cases according to their stage, and the primary site to low, intermediate and high risk patients. Evaluation of surgical management in each group of patients focusing on surgical approach, the extent of surgical resection according to each site, ability to achieve complete surgical resection and perioperative complications. Finally, determination of the three years overall and disease-free survival in different groups and the relation to different prognostic factors including the extent of surgical resection. Results: Out of 131 cases surgically explored only 26 cases had re exploration with 8 cases explored for residual disease 9 cases for remote recurrence or metastatic disease and the other 9 cases for other complications. Patients with low risk kept under follow up after surgery, out of those of low risk group (48 patients) only 8 patients (16.5%) shifted to intermediate risk. There were 20 patients (14.6%) diagnosed as intermediate risk received 3 cycles of compressed (Cisplatin, Etoposide and Bleomycin) and all high risk group patients 69patients (50.4%) received chemotherapy. Stage of disease was strongly and significantly related to overall survival with a poorer survival in late stages (stage IV) as compared to earlier stages. Conclusion: Overall survival rate at 3 three years was (76.7% ± 5.4, 3) years EFS was (77.8 % ±4.0), however 3 years DFS was much better (89.8 ± 3.4) in whole study group with ovarian tumors had significantly higher Overall survival (90% ± 5.1). Event Free Survival analysis showed that Male gender was 3 times likely to have bad events than females. Patients who underwent incomplete resection were 4 times more than patients with complete resection to have bad events. Disease free survival analysis showed that Patients who underwent incomplete surgery were 18.8 times liable for recurrence compared to those who underwent complete surgery, and patients who were exposed to re-excision were 21 times more prone to recurrence compared to other patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extragonadal" title="extragonadal">extragonadal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germ%20cell%20tumors" title=" germ cell tumors"> germ cell tumors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gonadal" title=" gonadal"> gonadal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric" title=" pediatric"> pediatric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59611/evaluation-of-role-of-surgery-in-management-of-pediatric-germ-cell-tumors-according-to-risk-adapted-therapy-protocols" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3764</span> Hyaluronic Acid - Alginate Hydrogel for the Transdifferentiation of Testis Cells into Erythrocyte and Hepatocyte-like Cells; A Practice Within an Effective Agent Choice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Rashki%20Ghaleno">Leila Rashki Ghaleno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Amin%20Hajari"> Mohamad Amin Hajari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Montazeri"> Leila Montazeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdolhossein%20Shahverdi"> Abdolhossein Shahverdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Rezazadeh%20Valojerdi"> Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) exhibit pluripotency, enabling them to undergo differentiation into many cell lineages, including neurons, glia, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes when cultured in vitro. Although the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood, it has been observed that biopolymer agents, such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and alginate (Alg), have the potential to induce transdifferentiation of SSCs. The current work aimed to examine the process of in vitro spermatogenesis and the conversion of mouse testicular cells into hepatocytes and erythrocyte-like cells utilizing the HA-Alg hydrogel. Method: After being extracted from the testes of a 5-day postpartum mouse (5 DPP), the testicular cells were separated into two enzymatic stages and then put into a composite hydrogel containing 0.5% HA and 1% alginate. On days 14 and 28 of culture, the colonies' growth, the cells' viability, and their histology were assessed. Result: Despite observing significant cell proliferation on day 14 and the development of circular-shaped organoids on day 28, it was noted that the organoids generated in the HA-Alg medium tended to maintain their circular morphology on day 28. Notably, the testicular cells underwent transdifferentiation into cell types resembling erythrocytes and hepatocytes. The hepatocyte-like cells exhibited the presence of glycogen and lipid deposits, indicating their hepatocyte-like characteristics. Interestingly, immunostaining analysis revealed the secretion of albumin and the presence of VEGFR on day 14. However, on day 28, albumin expression was not detected, while the expression of Sox9 (a marker for hepatocytes), Vegf, CD34, and C-kit (markers for erythrocytes) showed increased levels in the gene expression evaluation. Conclusion: The present findings indicated that HA-Alg could be a potent and effective agent for the transdifferentiation of testis cells into erythrocyte and hepatocyte-like cells, as recent studies have confirmed the transformation of SSCs into hepatocyte cells during in vitro culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20culture" title="3D culture">3D culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mouse%20testicular%20cell" title=" mouse testicular cell"> mouse testicular cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyaluronic%20acid" title=" hyaluronic acid"> hyaluronic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20organoids" title=" liver organoids"> liver organoids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171962/hyaluronic-acid-alginate-hydrogel-for-the-transdifferentiation-of-testis-cells-into-erythrocyte-and-hepatocyte-like-cells-a-practice-within-an-effective-agent-choice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3763</span> Testicular Differential MicroRNA Expression Derived Occupational Risk Factor Assessment in Idiopathic Non-obstructive Azoospermia Cases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nisha%20Sharma">Nisha Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mili%20Kaur"> Mili Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashutosh%20Halder"> Ashutosh Halder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seema%20Kaushal"> Seema Kaushal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Kumar"> Manoj Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manish%20Jain"> Manish Jain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: To investigate microRNAs (miRNA) as an epigenomic etiological factor in idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). In order to achieve the same, an association was seen between occupational exposure to radiation, thermal, and chemical factors and idiopathic cases of non-obstructive azoospermia, and later, testicular differential miRNA expression profiling was done in exposure group NOA cases. Method: It is a prospective study in which 200 apparent idiopathic male factor infertility cases, who have been advised to undergo testicular fine needle aspiration (FNA) evaluation, are recruited. A detailed occupational history was taken to understand the possible type of exposure due to the nature and duration of work. A total of 26 patients were excluded upon XY-FISH and Yq microdeletion tests due to the presence of genetic causes of infertility, 6 hypospermatogeneis (HS), six Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS), and six normospermatogeneis patients testicular FNA samples were used for RNA isolation followed by small RNA sequencing and nCounter miRNA expression analysis. Differential miRNA expression profile of HS and SCOS patients was done. A web-based tool, miRNet, was used to predict the interacting compounds or chemicals using the shortlisted miRNAs with high fold change. The major limitation encountered in this study was the insufficient quantity of testicular FNA sample used for total RNA isolation, which resulted in a low yield and RNA integrity number (RIN) value. Therefore, the number of RNA samples admissible for differential miRNA expression analysis was very small in comparison to the total number of patients recruited. Results: Differential expression analysis revealed 69 down-regulated and 40 up-regulated miRNAs in HS and 66 down-regulated and 33 up-regulated miRNAs in SCOS in comparison to normospermatogenesis controls. The miRNA interaction analysis using the miRNet tool showed that the differential expression profiles of HS and SCOS patients were associated with arsenic trioxide, bisphenol-A, calcium sulphate, lithium, and cadmium. These compounds are reproductive toxins and might be responsible for miRNA-mediated epigenetic deregulation leading to NOA. The association between occupational risk factor exposure and the non-exposure group of NOA patients was not statistically significant, with ꭓ2 (3, N= 178) = 6.70, p= 0.082. The association between individual exposure groups (radiation, thermal, and chemical) and various sub-types of NOA is also not significant, with ꭓ2 (9, N= 178) = 15.06, p= 0.089. Functional analysis of HS and SCOS patients' miRNA profiles revealed some important miR-family members in terms of male fertility. The miR-181 family plays a role in the differentiation of spermatogonia and spermatocytes, as well as the transcriptional regulation of haploid germ cells. The miR-34 family is expressed in spermatocytes and round spermatids and is involved in the regulation of SSCs differentiation. Conclusion: The reproductive toxins might adopt the miRNA-mediated mechanism of disease development in idiopathic cases of NOA. Chemical compound induced; miRNA-mediated epigenetic deregulation can give a future perspective on the etiopathogenesis of the disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA" title="microRNA">microRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-obstructive%20azoospermia%20%28NOA%29" title=" non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA)"> non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20exposure" title=" occupational exposure"> occupational exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypospermatogenesis%20%28HS%29" title=" hypospermatogenesis (HS)"> hypospermatogenesis (HS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sertoli%20cell%20only%20syndrome%20%28SCOS%29" title=" Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCOS)"> Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCOS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163213/testicular-differential-microrna-expression-derived-occupational-risk-factor-assessment-in-idiopathic-non-obstructive-azoospermia-cases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3762</span> Influence of Age on Some Testicular and Spermatic Parameters in Kids and Bucks in Local Breed Arbia in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukhalfa%20Djemouai">Boukhalfa Djemouai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belkadi%20Souhila"> Belkadi Souhila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safsaf%20Boubakeur"> Safsaf Boubakeur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To increase the profitability of the national herd so that it can meet the needs of the population, Algeria has proceeded to the introduction of new reproductive biotechnologies, including artificial insemination on natural heat, by induction and heat synchronization. This biotechnology uses the male way for the creation and dissemination of genetic progress. The study has focused on 30 goat kids and bucks local breed aged between 03 and 24 months, divided into 03 groups 03-06 months[Grp 1; n=9], 07-10 months [Grp 2; n=13] and 11-24 months [Grp 3; n=8], in order to determine the influence of age on testicular evolution by measurements of testis and scrotum, and the epididymis sperm parameters evaluation. These parameters are influenced by age variations (sperm and spermocytogram). The examined parameters have focused on testicular weight (grams), the scrotal circumference (cm), mass mobility (%), vitality rate (%), sperm concentration (x 109), and percentage of abnormal spermatozoa (%). The ANOVA reveals a significance effect of age on parameters: testis weight, scrotal circumference, sperm concentration, motility varying between high (p < 0.01) to very high significance (p < 0.001), while in viability and abnormalities no significance was observed between all groups. The value of these parameters increased significantly until the age of 02 years, while that of sperm abnormalities has increased in Grp2. The histological study of testicular development shows that the genetic spermatozoa function characterized by cell proliferation, which is more and more intense starting from the age of 05 months and can be considered as an age of puberty in the local breed goat Arbia and increases with animal age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kids%20and%20bucks" title="kids and bucks">kids and bucks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epididymis%20sperm" title=" epididymis sperm"> epididymis sperm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20measurements" title=" testicular measurements"> testicular measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arbia%20breed" title=" Arbia breed"> Arbia breed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125017/influence-of-age-on-some-testicular-and-spermatic-parameters-in-kids-and-bucks-in-local-breed-arbia-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125017.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3761</span> Reversal of Testicular Damage and Subfertility by Resveratrol </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samy%20S.%20Eleawa">Samy S. Eleawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20A.%20Alkhateeb"> Mahmoud A. Alkhateeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahaid%20H.%20Alhashem"> Fahaid H. Alhashem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismaeel%20bin-Jaliah"> Ismaeel bin-Jaliah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20F.%20Sakr"> Hussein F. Sakr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20M.%20Elrefaey"> Hesham M. Elrefaey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20O.%20Elkarib"> Abbas O. Elkarib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20Haidara"> Mohammad A. Haidara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20S.%20Shatoor"> Abdullah S. Shatoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20Khalil"> Mohammad A. Khalil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This effect of Resveratrol (RES) against CdCl2- induced toxicity in the rat testes was investigated. Seven experimental groups of adult male rats were formulated as follows: A) Controls + NS, B) Control+ vehicle (saline solution of hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin), C) RES treated, D) CdCl2 +NS, E) CdCl2+ vehicle, F) RES followed by CdCl2 and M) CdCl2 followed by RES. At the end of the protocol, serum levels of FSH, LH, and testosterone were measured in all groups. Testicular levels of TBARS and Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) activity were also measured. Epidydidimal semen analysis was performed and testicular expression of Bcl-2, p53 and Bax were assessed by RT-PCR. Also, histopathological changes of testes were examined microscopically and described. Pre and Post administration of RES in cadmium chloride-intoxicated rats improved semen parameters including count, motility, daily sperm production and morphology, increased serum concentrations of gonadotropins and testosterone, decreased testicular lipid peroxidation and increased SOD activity. Not only RES attenuated cadmium chloride induced testicular histopathology but was also able to protect against the onset of cadmium chloride testicular toxicity. Cadmium chloride downregulated the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 and upregulated the expression of both pro-apoptotic genes p53 and Bax. Resveratrol protected from and partially reversed cadmium chloride testicular via upregulation of Bcl2 and down regulation of p53 and Bax gene expression. Antioxidant activity of RES protects against cadmium chloride testicular toxicity and partially reverses its effect via upregulation of BCl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax expression. These findings have far reaching implications on subfertility and impotency frequently seen in hypertensive as well as metabolic syndrome patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resveratrol" title="resveratrol">resveratrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infertility" title=" infertility"> infertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sperm" title=" sperm"> sperm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testis" title=" testis"> testis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24438/reversal-of-testicular-damage-and-subfertility-by-resveratrol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3760</span> Dexamethasone: Impact on Testicular Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadi-Guettaf%20Hassiba">Sadi-Guettaf Hassiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadj-Bekkouche%20Fatima"> Hadj-Bekkouche Fatima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic glucocorticoid that is used in therapy. However prolonged treatments with high doses are often required. This causes side effects that interfere with the activity of several endocrine systems, including the gonadotropic axis. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of Dex on testicular function in prepubertal Wistar rats. Newborn Wistar rats are submitted to intraperitoneal injection of Dex (1μg of Dex dissolved in NaCl 0.9% / 5g bw) for 20 days and then sacrificed at the age of 40days. A control group received NaCl 0.9%. The rat is weighed daily. The plasmatic levels of testosterone, LH and FSH were measured by radioimmunoassay. A histo-morphometric study was performed on sections of testis. Treated groups showed a significant decrease in body weight (p < 0.05), testis weight (p < 0.05) and plasma levels of testosterone (p < 0.05), of LH (P < .05) and FSH (p> 0.05). There is a reduction of seminiferous tubules average diameter and also of the seminiferous epithelium thickness with an increasing of lumen tubular. The diameter of the Leydig cells and Sertoli cell nucleus is also significantly reduced. Spermatogenesis is blocked at the stage round spermatid unlike witnesses or elongated spermatid stage is found. These results suggest that Dex administered during neonatal life influences testicular activity in the long term. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dexamethasone" title="dexamethasone">dexamethasone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FSH" title=" FSH"> FSH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LH" title=" LH"> LH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testis" title=" testis"> testis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11940/dexamethasone-impact-on-testicular-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3759</span> Relationship between Trauma and Acute Scrotum: Test Torsion and Epididymal Appendix Torsion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saimir%20Heta">Saimir Heta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kastriot%20Haxhirexha"> Kastriot Haxhirexha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virtut%20Velmishi"> Virtut Velmishi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nevila%20Alliu"> Nevila Alliu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilma%20Robo"> Ilma Robo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Testicular rotation can occur at any age. The possibility to save the testicle is the fastest possible surgical intervention which is indicated by the presence of acute pain even at rest. The time element is more important to diagnose and proceed further with surgical intervention. Testicular damage is a consequence which mainly depends on the moment of onset of symptoms, at the time when the symptoms are diagnosed, the earliest action to be performed is surgical intervention. Sometimes medical tests are needed to confirm a diagnosis, or to help identify another cause for symptoms; for example, the urine test, that is used to check for infection, associated with the scrotal ultrasound test. Control of blood flow to the longitudinal supply vessels of the testicles is indicated. The sign that indicates testicular rotation is a reduction in blood flow. This is the element which is distinguished from ultrasound examination. Surgery may be needed to determine if the patient’s symptoms are caused by the rotation of the testis or any other condition. Discussion: As a surgical intervention of the emergency, the torsion of the test depends very much on the duration of the torsion, as the success in the life of the testicle depends on the fastest surgical intervention. From the previous clinic, it is noted that in any case presented to the pediatric patient diagnosed with testicular rotation, there is always a link with personal history that the patient refers to the presence of a previous episode of testicular trauma. Literature supports this fact very logically. Conclusions: Salvation without testicular atrophy depends closely on establishing the diagnosis of testicular rotation as soon as possible. Following the logic above, it can be said that the diagnosis for rotation should be performed as soon as possible, to avoid consequences that will not be favorable for the patient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20scrotum" title="acute scrotum">acute scrotum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20torsion" title=" test torsion"> test torsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=newborns" title=" newborns"> newborns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20presentation" title=" clinical presentation"> clinical presentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130384/relationship-between-trauma-and-acute-scrotum-test-torsion-and-epididymal-appendix-torsion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3758</span> Origanum vulgare as a Possible Modulator of Testicular Endocrine Function in Mice </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eva%20Tvrd%C3%A1">Eva Tvrdá</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbora%20Babe%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1"> Barbora Babečková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20%C4%8Eura%C4%8Dka"> Michal Ďuračka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%C3%B3bert%20Kirchner"> Róbert Kirchner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%BAlius%20%C3%81rvay"> Július Árvay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designed to assess the <em>in vitro</em> effects of <em>Origanum vulgare</em> L. (oregano) extract on the testicular steroidogenesis. We focused on identifying major biomolecules present in the oregano extract, as well as to investigate its <em>in vitro</em> impact on the secretion of cholesterol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione by murine testicular fragments. The extract was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which identified cyranosid, daidzein, thymol, rosmarinic and trans-caffeic acid among the predominant biochemical components of oregano. For the <em>in vitro</em> experiments, testicular fragments from 20 sexually mature Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were incubated in the absence (control group) or presence of the oregano extract at selected concentrations (10, 100 and 1000 μg/mL) for 24 h. Cholesterol levels were quantified using photometry and the hormones were assessed by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Our data revealed that the release of cholesterol and androstenedione (but not dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone) by the testicular fragments was significantly impacted by the oregano extract in a dose-dependent fashion. Supplementation of the extract resulted in a significant decline of cholesterol (P < 0.05 in case of 100 μg/mL; P < 0.01 with respect 100 μg/mL extract), as well as androstenedione (P < 0.01 with respect to 100 and 1000 μg/mL extract). Our results suggest that the biomolecules present in <em>Origanum vulgare</em> L. could exhibit a dose-dependent impact on the secretion of male steroids, playing a role in the regulation of testicular steroidogenesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mice" title="mice">mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Origanum%20vulgare%20L." title=" Origanum vulgare L."> Origanum vulgare L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steroidogenesis" title=" steroidogenesis"> steroidogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testes" title=" testes "> testes </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108962/origanum-vulgare-as-a-possible-modulator-of-testicular-endocrine-function-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3757</span> The Comparison between bFGF and Small Molecules in Derivation of Chicken Primordial Germ Cells and Embryonic Germ Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Farzaneh">Maryam Farzaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyyedeh%20Nafiseh%20Hassani"> Seyyedeh Nafiseh Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Baharvand"> Hossein Baharvand </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Chicken gonadal tissue has a two population such primordial germ cells (PGCs) and stromal cells (somatic cells). PGCs and embryonic germ cells (EGCs) that is a pluripotent type of PGCs in long-term culture are suitable sources for the production of chicken pluripotent stem cell lines, transgenic birds, vaccine and recombinant protein production. In general, the effect of growth factors such bFGF and mouse LIF on derivation of PGCs in vitro are important and in this study we could see the unique effect of small molecules such PD032 and SB43 as a chemical, in comparison to growth factors. Materials and Methods: After incubation of fertilized chicken egg up to 6 days and isolation of primary gonadal tissues and culture of mixed cells like PGCs and stromal cells. PGCs proliferate in the present of fetal calf serum (FCS) and small molecules and in another group bFGF, that these factors are important for PGCs culture and derivation. Somatic cells produce a multilayer feeder under the PGCs in primary culture and PGCs make a small cluster under these cells. Results: In present of small molecules and high volume of FCS (15%), the present of EGCs as a pluripotent stem cells were clear four weeks, that they had a positive immune-staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS), but in present of growth factors like bFGF without any chemicals, the present of PGCs were clear but after 7 until 10 days, there were disappear. Conclusion: Until now we have seen many researches about derivation and maintenance of chicken PGCs, in the hope of understanding the mechanisms that occur during germline development and production of a therapeutic product by transgenic birds. There are still many unknowns in this area and this project will try to have efficient conditions for identification of suitable culture medium for long-term culture of PGCs in vitro without serum and feeder cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken%20gonadal%20primordial%20germ%20cells" title="chicken gonadal primordial germ cells">chicken gonadal primordial germ cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pluripotent%20stem%20cells" title=" pluripotent stem cells"> pluripotent stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20factors" title=" growth factors"> growth factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20molecules" title=" small molecules"> small molecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transgenic%20birds" title=" transgenic birds"> transgenic birds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34508/the-comparison-between-bfgf-and-small-molecules-in-derivation-of-chicken-primordial-germ-cells-and-embryonic-germ-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3756</span> Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Their Histological Mimics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Esheba">Ghada Esheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebtisam%20Aljerayan"> Ebtisam Aljerayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afnan%20Al-Ghamdi"> Afnan Al-Ghamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atheer%20Alsharif"> Atheer Alsharif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20alzahrani"> Hanan alzahrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Primary ovarian neoplasms comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors of three main subtypes: surface epithelial, germ cell, and sex cord-stromal. The wide morphological variation within and between these groups can result in diagnostic difficulties. Gonadal sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) represent one of the most heterogeneous categories of human neoplasms, because they may contain various combinations of different gonadal sex cord and stromal element. Aim: The aim of this work is to highlight the clinicopathological characteristics of SCST and to assess the value of alpha-inhibin and calretinin in the distinction between SCST and their mimics. Material and methods: This study was carried out on 100 cases using full tissue sections; 70 cases were SCST and 30 cases were histological mimics of SCST. The cases were studied using immunohistochemically using alpha-inhibin. In addition, an ovarian tissue microarray containing 170 benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms was also studied immunohistochemically for calretinin expression. The ovarian microarray included 14 SCST, 59 ovarian serous borderline tumors, 17 mucinous borderline tumors, 10 mucinous adenocarcinomas, 32 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 34 clear cell carcinomas, and 4 germ cell tumors. Results: 99% of SCST examined using full tissue sections exhibited positive cytoplasmic staining for inhibin. On the contrary, only 7% of the histological mimics (P value < 0.0001). 86% of SCST in the tissue microarray were positive for calretinin with nuclear and/or cytoplasmic staining compared to only 7% of the other tumor types (P value < 0.0001). Conclusions: SCST have characteristic clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features and their recognition is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. Alpha-inhibin and calretinin are of great help in the diagnosis of sex cord-stromal tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calretinin" title="calretinin">calretinin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granulosa%20cell%20tumor" title=" granulosa cell tumor"> granulosa cell tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhibin" title=" inhibin"> inhibin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20cord-stromal%20tumors" title=" sex cord-stromal tumors "> sex cord-stromal tumors </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40762/clinicopathological-and-immunohistochemical-study-of-ovarian-sex-cord-stromal-tumors-and-their-histological-mimics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3755</span> FWGE Production From Wheat Germ Using Co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valiollah%20Babaeipour">Valiollah Babaeipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Rahaie"> Mahdi Rahaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> food supplements are rich in specific nutrients and bioactive compounds that eliminate free radicals and improve cellular metabolism. The major bioactive compounds are found in bran and cereal sprouts. Secondary metabolites of these microorganisms have antioxidant properties that can be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy and radiation therapy to treat cancer. Biologically active compounds such as benzoquinone derivatives extracted from fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) have several positive effects on the overall state of human health and strengthen the immune system. The present work describes the discontinuous fermentation of raw wheat germ for FWGE production through the simultaneous culture process using the probiotic strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum, and the possibility of using solid waste. To increase production efficiency, first to select important factors in the optimization of each fermentation process, using a factorial statistical scheme of stirring fraction (120 to 200 rpm), dilution of solids to solvent (1 to 8-12), fermentation time (16 to 24 hours) and strain to wheat germ ratio (20% to 50%) were studied and then simultaneous culture was performed to increase the yields of 2 and 6 dimethoxybenzoquinone (2,6-DMBQ). Since 2 and 6 dimethoxy benzoquinone were fermented as the main biologically active compound in wheat germ extract, UV-Vis analysis was performed to confirm the presence of 2 and 6 dimethoxy benzoquinone in the final product. In addition, 2,6-DMBQ of some products was isolated in a non-polar C-18 column and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Based on our findings, it can be concluded that the increase of 2 and 6 dimethoxybenzoquinone in the simultaneous culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae - Lactobacillus plantarum compared to pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (from 1.89 mg / g) to 28.9% (2.66 mg / g) Increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat%20germ" title="wheat germ">wheat germ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FWGE" title=" FWGE"> FWGE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saccharomyces%20cerevisiae" title=" saccharomyces cerevisiae"> saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus%20plantarum" title=" lactobacillus plantarum"> lactobacillus plantarum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-culture" title=" co-culture"> co-culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2" title=" 2"> 2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6-DMBQ" title=" 6-DMBQ"> 6-DMBQ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150707/fwge-production-from-wheat-germ-using-co-culture-of-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-and-lactobacillus-plantarum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3754</span> Effects of Nanoencapsulated Echinacea purpurea Ethanol Extract on the Male Reproductive Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia-Ling%20Ho">Jia-Ling Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiu-Ru%20Zhang"> Xiu-Ru Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zwe-Ling%20Kong"> Zwe-Ling Kong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem that affects patients’ life quality throughout the world due to its many complications. It characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with oxidative stress, which impaired male reproductive function. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a metabolic regulator that is required for normal spermatogenesis and protects against diabetes-induced germ cell apoptosis. Echinacea purpurea ethanol extract (EE), which contain phenolic acid and isobutylamide, had been proven to have antidiabetic property. Silica-chitosan nanoparticles (Nano-CS) has drug delivery and controlled release properties. This study aims to investigate whether silica-chitosan nanoparticles encapsulated EE (Nano-EE) had more ameliorating male infertility by analyzing the effect of testicular FGF21. The Nano-EE was characterized before used to treatment the diabetic rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were obtained and divided into seven groups. A group was no induced Streptozotocin (STZ), marked as normal group. Diabetic rats were induced into diabetes by STZ (33 mg/kg). A diabetic group was no treatment with sample (diabetic control group), and other groups were treatment by Nano-CS (465 mg/kg), Nano-EE (93, 279, 465 mg/kg), and metformin (Met) (200 mg/kg) used as reference drug for 7 weeks. Our results indicated that the average nanoparticle size and zeta potential of Nano-EE were 2630 nm and -21.3 mV, respectively. The encapsulation ratio of Nano-EE was about 70%. It also confirmed the antioxidative activity was unchanged by comparing the DPPH and ABTS scavenging of Nano-EE and EE. In vivo test, Nano-EE can improve the STZ induced hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and plasma FGF21 levels. Nano-EE has increased sperm motility, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), plasma testosterone level, and reduction of abnormal sperm, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide production as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, in plasma antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased whereas pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, and IL-1β were decreased. Further, in testis, protein content of FGF21, PGC-1α, and SIRT1 were improved. Nano-EE might improve diabetes-induced down-regulation of testicular FGF21 and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling hence maintain spermatogenesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title="diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Echinacea%20purpurea" title=" Echinacea purpurea"> Echinacea purpurea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive%20dysfunction" title=" reproductive dysfunction"> reproductive dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica-chitosan%20nanoparticles" title=" silica-chitosan nanoparticles"> silica-chitosan nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92184/effects-of-nanoencapsulated-echinacea-purpurea-ethanol-extract-on-the-male-reproductive-function-in-streptozotocin-induced-diabetic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3753</span> The Effect of β-Cryptoxanthin on Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model: Evidence from Testicular Histology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kianoush%20Mohammadnejad">Kianoush Mohammadnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahim%20Mohammadi"> Rahim Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Soleimanzadeh"> Ali Soleimanzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Shalizar%20Jalai"> Ali Shalizar Jalai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farshid%20Sareafzadeh%20Rezaei"> Farshid Sareafzadeh Rezaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Testicular torsion and detorsion are significant clinical issues for infertile men. Torsion of the spermatic cord is an emergency condition resulting from the rotation of the testis and epididymis around the axis of the spermatic cord. A rat testis model was used to assess the effects of β-cryptoxanthin on ischemia-reperfusion injury. Twenty healthy male Wistar rats were included and randomized into four investigational groups (n = 5): Group SHAM: In this group, midline incision of the scrotum was performed, and the testicles were taken out for 2 hours with a 720-degree rotation. Group ISCHEMIA: In this group, a midline incision of the scrotum was performed, and the testicles were taken out and underwent ischemia for 2 hours with a 720-degree rotation. Group IS/REP/Oil: In this group, a midline scrotum cut was performed the testicles were taken out, and ischemia was created for 2 hours with a 720-degree rotation and at the end of ischemia 100 µL of corn oil (β-cryptoxanthin solvent) was injected intraperitoneally. Group IS/REP/CRPTXNTN 2.5: The same as group IS/REP/Oil as well as intraperitoneal administration of 100 µL of β-cryptoxanthin (2.5 µg/kg) at the end of ischemia. In all groups, the testes were returned back to the scrotum and, after 60 days, were dissected out and removed for histopathological analyses. β-cryptoxanthin at the dose of 2.5 µg/kg significantly improved histologic indices compared to other treatment groups (p<0.05). β-cryptoxanthin could be helpful in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury in testicular tissue exposed to ischemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-cryptoxanthin" title="beta-cryptoxanthin">beta-cryptoxanthin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testis" title=" testis"> testis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ischemia-reperfusion" title=" Ischemia-reperfusion"> Ischemia-reperfusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Intraperitoneal" title=" Intraperitoneal"> Intraperitoneal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189306/the-effect-of-v-cryptoxanthin-on-testicular-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-in-a-rat-model-evidence-from-testicular-histology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3752</span> Comparison of Two Methods of Cryopreservation of Testicular Tissue from Prepubertal Lambs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rensson%20Homero%20Celiz%20Ygnacio">Rensson Homero Celiz Ygnacio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Aur%C3%A9lio%20Schiavo%20Novaes"> Marco Aurélio Schiavo Novaes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Vanessa%20Sulca%20%C3%91aupas"> Lucy Vanessa Sulca Ñaupas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Paula%20Ribeiro%20Rodrigues"> Ana Paula Ribeiro Rodrigues</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cryopreservation of testicular tissue emerges as an alternative for the preservation of the reproductive potential of individuals who still cannot produce sperm; however, they will undergo treatments that may affect their fertility (e.g., chemotherapy). Therefore, the present work aims to compare two cryopreservation methods (slow freezing and vitrification) in testicular tissue of prepubertal lambs. For that, to obtain the testicular tissue, the animals were castrated and the testicles were collected immediately in a physiological solution supplemented with antibiotics. In the laboratory, the testis was split into small pieces. The total size of the testicular fragments was 3×3x1 mm³ and was placed in a dish contained in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM-HEPES). The fragments were distributed randomly into non-cryopreserved (fresh control), slow freezing (SF), and vitrified. To SF procedures, two fragments from a given male were then placed in a 2,0 mL cryogenic vial containing 1,0 mL MEM-HEPES supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 20% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Tubes were placed into a Mr. Frosty™ Freezing container with isopropyl alcohol and transferred to a -80°C freezer for overnight storage. On the next day, each tube was plunged into liquid nitrogen (NL). For vitrification, the ovarian tissue cryosystem (OTC) device was used. Testicular fragments were placed in the OTC device and exposed to the first vitrification solution composed of MEM-HEPES supplemented with 10 mg/mL Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), 0.25 M sucrose, 10% Ethylene glycol (EG), 10% DMSO and 150 μM alpha-lipoic acid for four min. The VS1 was discarded and then the fragments were submerged into a second vitrification solution (VS2) containing the same composition of VS1 but 20% EG and 20% DMSO. VS2 was then discarded and each OTC device containing up to four testicular fragments was closed and immersed in NL. After the storage period, the fragments were removed from the NL, kept at room temperature for one min and then immersed at 37 °C in a water bath for 30 s. Samples were warmed by sequentially immersing in solutions of MEM-HEPES supplemented with 3 mg/mL BSA and decreasing concentrations of sucrose. Hematoxylin-eosin staining to analyze the tissue architecture was used. The score scale used was from 0 to 3, classified with a score 0 representing normal morphologically, and 3 were considered a lot of alteration. The histomorphological evaluation of the testicular tissue shows that when evaluating the nuclear alteration (distinction of nucleoli and condensation of nuclei), there are no differences when using slow freezing with respect to the control. However, vitrification presents greater damage (p <0.05). On the other hand, when evaluating the epithelial alteration, we observed that the freezing showed scores statistically equal to the control in variables such as retraction of the basement membrane, formation of gaps and organization of the peritubular cells. The results of the study demonstrated that cryopreservation using the slow freezing method is an excellent tool for the preservation of pubertal testicular tissue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryopreservation" title="cryopreservation">cryopreservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow%20freezing" title=" slow freezing"> slow freezing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitrification" title=" vitrification"> vitrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20tissue" title=" testicular tissue"> testicular tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lambs" title=" lambs"> lambs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142928/comparison-of-two-methods-of-cryopreservation-of-testicular-tissue-from-prepubertal-lambs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3751</span> Effects of Dietary E on Semen, Hormonal Profile and Testicular Biometry in Teddy Goat Bucks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair">Muhammad Zubair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maqbool%20Ahmad"> Maqbool Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Hafizah%20Shafia%20Tehseen%20Gul"> Al-Hafizah Shafia Tehseen Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shujait%20Ali"> Shujait Ali </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of vitamins has significant effects on the reproductive system of mammals. The present study was conducted to investigate the useful effects of vitamin E on reproductive functions of Teddy bucks. For this purpose, 8 adult Teddy bucks were randomly divided into two treatment groups viz; A (control) and B (vitamin E with dose of 200 mg/kg BW/day). These treatments continued for 12 weeks. Semen quality parameters (volume, motility, sperm morphology and sperm DNA integrity) of experimental bucks of each group was evaluated on weekly basis, while testicular measurements (length, scrotal circumference and weights) were recorded at 0 and 12th week of experiment. Serum concentrations of male sex hormones (testosterone, LH, FSH) and cortisol were recorded fortnightly. Similarly, body weights of bucks were also measured fortnightly until completion of the study. The data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance, followed by Duncan test for multiple mean comparisons. Supplementation of vitamin E improved significantly (P<0.05) the semen quality parameter, body weights, testicular measurements and serum levels of sex hormones. However, there was no effect on serum cortisol. It was concluded from the present study that dietary supplementation of vitamin E has beneficial effects on the semen and hormones in male reproductive system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormones" title="hormones">hormones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semen" title=" semen"> semen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teddy%20bucks" title=" teddy bucks"> teddy bucks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20measurements" title=" testicular measurements"> testicular measurements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54209/effects-of-dietary-e-on-semen-hormonal-profile-and-testicular-biometry-in-teddy-goat-bucks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3750</span> Protective Effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E on Experimentally Induced Testicular Torsion and Detorsion in Rat Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anu%20Vinod%20Ranade">Anu Vinod Ranade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: To evaluate and compare the effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E on experimentally induced testicular torsion and detorsion in rats. Methods: Forty Male Wistar Albino rats were divided into five groups. Animals in the Group I underwent Sham operation, Group II consisted of animals that were subjected to torsion for three hours followed by detorsion for 24 hours without any treatment. While Group III, IV and V were orally pretreated with Vitamin C (40mg/kg.bw), vitamin E (100mg/kg.bw) and a combination of Vitamin C and vitamin E respectively for a period of 30 days. The testes of the experimental groups were manually rotated to 720° clockwise for three hours and counter rotated for 24 hours to induce ischemia and reperfusion. Sequential biopsies were performed and the testes were collected at the end of 24 hours of detrosion for morphological evaluation. Result: There was a significant decrease in the standard tubular diameter and the epithelial height of the seminiferous tubules in the untreated group when compared to Sham controls. The standard tubular diameter and seminiferous epithelial height showed near normal values when animals were pretreated with Vitamin C and Vitamin E individually or in combination. Conclusion: The results showed that pretreatment of with antioxidants vitamin E and vitamin C when administered prior to testicular torsion in rats significantly reduced the torsion and detorsion induced histopathlogical injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20C" title="vitamin C">vitamin C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20E" title=" vitamin E"> vitamin E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20tubular%20diameter" title=" standard tubular diameter"> standard tubular diameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20epithelial%20height" title=" standard epithelial height"> standard epithelial height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20torsion" title=" testicular torsion"> testicular torsion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29446/protective-effects-of-vitamin-c-and-vitamin-e-on-experimentally-induced-testicular-torsion-and-detorsion-in-rat-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=125">125</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=126">126</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testicular%20germ%20cell&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2025 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>