Ionising radiation

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icon--before icon--root">Navigation</a></p> </div> <div class="contentHead"> <div class="mod mod-backtooverview"> </div> <a href="javascript:$.printPreview.printPreview()" onclick="" class="icon icon--before icon--print pull-right" title="Print this page"></a> <div class="mod mod-contentpagefull"> <h1 class="text-inline">Ionising radiation</h1> </div> </div> <div class="mod mod-tabs"> <a id="context-sidebar"></a>  <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="active"> <a href="#tab__content_metas_en_home_fabe_ionisierende-strahlung_jcr_content_par_tabctrl" data-toggle="tab"> Portrait </a> </li> <li > <a href="#tab0__content_metas_en_home_fabe_ionisierende-strahlung_jcr_content_par_tabctrl" data-toggle="tab"> Services </a> </li> <li > <a href="#tab1__content_metas_en_home_fabe_ionisierende-strahlung_jcr_content_par_tabctrl" data-toggle="tab"> Research and development </a> </li> </ul>  <div class="tab-content tab-border"> <div class="tab-pane clearfix active" id="tab__content_metas_en_home_fabe_ionisierende-strahlung_jcr_content_par_tabctrl"> <h2 class="sr-only visible-print-block">Portrait</h2> <div class="mod mod-textimage"> <div class="clearfix"> <figure style="max-width:inherit"><img src="/metas/en/home/fabe/ionisierende-strahlung/_jcr_content/par/tabctrl/items/tab/tabpar/textimage/image.imagespooler.jpg/1594063202477/ionisierende-strahlung-p1.jpg" alt=""/></figure> <p>A precise knowledge of the ionising radiation dose is vital in the field of medical radiotherapy. METAS calibrates measurement instruments for radiotherapy and nuclear medicine, thereby contributing to the safety of patients and hospital personnel. The Ordinance of the FDJP on the measurement equipment for ionising radiation (StMmV) regulates the marketing and the utilisation of this equipment in the domains of radiation protection and medicine.</p> <p>The measuring equipment requires pattern approval and initial verification. To maintain the measurement stability periodic verifications are also mandatory.</p> <p>METAS and two verification laboratories authorized by him, the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Villigen, and the Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA) in Lausanne, provide the services required by the ordinance.</p> <p>METAS checks dosimeters of high energy radiotherapy facilities. METAS has an accelerator for high-energy electron and photons beams and a 60Co irradiation unit.</p> <p>The dose is disseminated the SI unit Gray (Gy = J / kg).</p> <p>METAS is also responsible for the verification of activimeters used in nuclear medicine for the dosage of radiopharma-ceuticals.</p> <p>The activity is disseminated in the SI unit Becquerel (Bq = 1/s).</p> <p>To ensure traceability of dose measurements at the Swiss level and remain at the forefront in its field of competence, the laboratory "Radiotherapy" develops and maintains two primary standards for the realization of the absorbed dose to water: water calorimeter and Fricke dosimeter.</p> </div> </div> <div class="multilist " id="id_96b365ff99a50cf5cbaad88cbbc7f298-box"> <h3> Further information </h3> <div class="" id="id_96b365ff99a50cf5cbaad88cbbc7f298-box-content"> <ul class="list-unstyled "> <li class=""> <a data-no-replace class=" icon icon--after icon--external" href="http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20121129/index.html" target="_blank" title="">Ordinance of the FDJP on the measurement equipment for ionising radiation</a> </li> <li class=""> <a data-no-replace class=" icon icon--after icon--external" href="http://www.psi.ch/asi/eichstelle" target="_blank" title="">Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Villigen</a> </li> <li class="line"> <a data-no-replace class=" icon icon--after icon--external" href="https://www.chuv.ch/fr/ira/ira-home/prestations/service-de-verification" target="_blank" title="">the Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA)</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/core/frontend/modules/multilist.min.css" type="text/css"> <script src="/etc/designs/core/frontend/modules/multilist.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { Namics.multilist.init(); }); </script> <div class="mod mod-html"> <style> iframe { max-width: 100%; } .iframe-container { position: relative; height: 0; padding-bottom: 56.25%; width: 100%; } .iframe-container > iframe { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style> <iframe width="512" height="288" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/v0r2zr-8duU?rel=0&wmode=opaque" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane clearfix " id="tab0__content_metas_en_home_fabe_ionisierende-strahlung_jcr_content_par_tabctrl"> <h2 class="sr-only visible-print-block">Services</h2> <div class="mod mod-textimage"> <div class="clearfix"> <figure style="max-width:inherit"><img src="/metas/en/home/fabe/ionisierende-strahlung/_jcr_content/par/tabctrl/items/tab0/tabpar/textimage/image.imagespooler.jpg/1603464206557/588.1000/ionisierende-strahlung-dl.png" alt=""/></figure> <p>The technical field "Radiotherapy" has an electron accelerator and a 60Co irradiation unit. The electron accelerator allows to generate high-energy electron and photon beams of variable radiation qualities (energies).</p> <p>To determine the calibration coefficient for absorbed dose to water of a dosimeter belonging to a client, the dosimeter is compared with a secondary standard ionisation chamber in a water phantom under well defined conditions. The secondary standard ionization chambers are calibrated against the primary standards.</p> <p><b>Verifications</b><br> METAS offers the following verifications:</p> <p>• Absorbed dose to water for photon radiation: tissue phantom ratio TPR2010 between 0.639 and 0.802<br> (4 MV to 21 MV)<br> • Absorbed dose to water for electron radiation: half-value depth R50 between 1.75 g/cm2 and 8.54 g/cm2 (5 MeV to 22 MeV)<br> • Absorbed dose to water for 60Co radiation<br> • Absorbed dose to water for soft X-rays up to 100 kV<br> • Air kerma for 60Co radiation<br> • Air kerma for soft X-rays up to 100 kV<br> • Verification of activimeters<br> • Measuring devices for radon gas </p> <p><b>Approval and type approval</b></p> <p>We issue national approvals for measuring equipment for ionising radiation and carry out the type tests.</p> <p>Information on submitting an application for approval of a type can be found in the following form.</p> <p><a href="/dam/metas/de/data/fachbereiche/ionisierende_strahlung/antrag_zur_zulassung_stmmv-d.docx.download.docx/antrag_zur_zulassung_stmmv-d.docx" title="Antrag zur Zulassung Messmittel für ionisierende Strahlung" class="icon icon--before icon--word">Antrag zur Zulassung Messmittel für ionisierende Strahlung<span class="text-dimmed"> (DOCX, 59 kB, 23.10.2020)</span></a></a></p> <p><b>Verification laboratories</b></p> <p>The mandated verification laboratories offer the following verifications:</p> <p>• Radiotherapy dosimeters for X-rays from 150 kV to 300 kV (IRA)<br> • Radiology dosimeters (IRA)<br> • Surface contamination monitors (PSI, IRA)<br> • Measuring devices for ambient dose rate (PSI, IRA)<br> • Deep well ionization chambers (IRA)<br> </p> </div> </div> <div class="multilist " id="id_503d53a120de67e1b2e89ed08d6a5254-box"> <h3> Further information </h3> <div class="" id="id_503d53a120de67e1b2e89ed08d6a5254-box-content"> <ul class="list-unstyled "> <li class=""> <a data-no-replace class=" icon icon--after icon--external" href="https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20022671/index.html" target="_blank" title="">Messmittelverordnung MessMV (SR SR 941.210)</a> </li> <li class=""> <a data-no-replace class=" icon icon--after icon--external" href="http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20121129/index.html" target="_blank" title="">Ordinance of the FDJP on the measurement equipment for ionising radiation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { Namics.multilist.init(); }); </script> </div> <div class="tab-pane clearfix " id="tab1__content_metas_en_home_fabe_ionisierende-strahlung_jcr_content_par_tabctrl"> <h2 class="sr-only visible-print-block">Research and development</h2> <div class="mod mod-textimage"> <div class="clearfix"> <figure style="max-width:inherit"><img src="/metas/en/home/fabe/ionisierende-strahlung/_jcr_content/par/tabctrl/items/tab1/tabpar/textimage/image.imagespooler.jpg/1603452168451/588.1000/ionisierende-strahlung.png" alt=""/></figure> <p><b>Primary standard: water calorimeter</b></p> <p>With the water calorimeter, the absorbed dose in water Dw is determined by the highly accurate measurement of a temperature difference. The temperature increase induced by the absorbed dose of radiation is measured by very high sensitive thermometers in a closed glass vessel that is filled with ultra-pure water at 4 ° C, the temperature for optimum thermal stability. This primary standard is primarily used for radiation of high energy photons.</p> <p><b>Primary standard: Fricke dosimetry</b></p> <p>The Fricke dosimeter is a chemical type dosimeter, using the oxidant effect of ionizing radiation on a solution containing Fe2+. The dose of radiation absorbed in a solution of Fricke (iron(II)-ammonium-sulfate) converts the Fe2+ ions to Fe3+ ions, their concentration being measured by UV absorption spectrometry. The Fricke dosimeter is particularly suited to the primary standard role for electron radiation.</p> <p>The primary standards are checked regularly through international comparison measurements.</p> <p><b>Current project</b></p> <p>PHOtonuclear Reactions (PHOR): Breakthrough Research in Radionuclides for Theranostics, in collaboration with University of Bern, Laboratory of High Energy Physics and Laboratory of Radiochemistry</p> <p>18HLT04 UHDpulse: Metrology for advanced radiotherapy using particle beams with ultra-high pulse dose rates, in collaboration with NMIs, Institutes, Universities and Companies</p> </div> </div> <div class="mod mod-text"> <article class="clearfix"> <h3>Project report<br> </h3> <p><a href="/dam/metas/en/data/fachbereiche/ionisierende_strahlung/rapport_projet_radon_suva-e.pdf.download.pdf/rapport_projet_radon_suva-e.pdf" title="Short-term exposures of radondosimeters" class="icon icon--before icon--pdf">Short-term exposures of radondosimeters<span class="text-dimmed"> (PDF, 844 kB, 06.10.2022)</span></a></a><br> </p> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mod mod-backtooverview"> </div> <div class="clearfix"> <p class="pull-left"> <small> <span class="text-dimmed">Last modification 24.09.2024</span> </small> </p> <p class="pull-right"> <small> <a href="#" class="icon icon--before icon--power hidden-print"> Top of page </a> </small> </p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="context-column"> <div class="mod mod-contactbox"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="active"> <a href="#contact" data-toggle="tab"> Contact </a> </li> </ul> <div class="tab-content tab-border"> <div class="tab-pane active" id="contact" data-print="contact-info"> <h2 class="sr-only visible-print-block">Contact</h2> <div class="mod mod-address"> <div> <div> <p> Federal Institute of Metrology<br/> Laboratory ionising radiation<br/> Lindenweg 50<br/> CH-3003 Bern-Wabern <br/> T <a href="tel:+41 58 387 01 11"> +41 58 387 01 11 </a><br/> <a 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