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data-alternative-spellings="bw" data-relevancy-booster="0">Botswana</option> <option value="bv" data-alternative-spellings="bv" data-relevancy-booster="0">Bouvet Island</option> <option value="br" data-alternative-spellings="br" data-relevancy-booster="2">Brazil</option> <option value="io" data-alternative-spellings="io" data-relevancy-booster="0">British Indian Ocean Territory</option> <option value="bn" data-alternative-spellings="bn" data-relevancy-booster="0">Brunei Darussalam</option> <option value="bg" data-alternative-spellings="bg" data-relevancy-booster="0">Bulgaria</option> <option value="bf" data-alternative-spellings="bf" data-relevancy-booster="0">Burkina Faso</option> <option value="bi" data-alternative-spellings="bi" data-relevancy-booster="0">Burundi</option> <option value="kh" data-alternative-spellings="kh" data-relevancy-booster="0">Cambodia</option> <option value="cm" data-alternative-spellings="cm" data-relevancy-booster="0">Cameroon</option> <option value="ca" 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data-alternative-spellings="cz" data-relevancy-booster="0">Czech Republic</option> <option value="dk" data-alternative-spellings="dk" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Denmark</option> <option value="dj" data-alternative-spellings="dj" data-relevancy-booster="0">Djibouti</option> <option value="dm" data-alternative-spellings="dm" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Dominica</option> <option value="do" data-alternative-spellings="do" data-relevancy-booster="0">Dominican Republic</option> <option value="ec" data-alternative-spellings="ec" data-relevancy-booster="0">Ecuador</option> <option value="eg" data-alternative-spellings="eg" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Egypt</option> <option value="sv" data-alternative-spellings="sv" data-relevancy-booster="0">El Salvador</option> <option value="gq" data-alternative-spellings="gq" data-relevancy-booster="0">Equatorial Guinea</option> <option value="er" data-alternative-spellings="er" data-relevancy-booster="0">Eritrea</option> <option value="ee" 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data-alternative-spellings="mq" data-relevancy-booster="0">Martinique</option> <option value="mr" data-alternative-spellings="mr" data-relevancy-booster="0">Mauritania</option> <option value="mu" data-alternative-spellings="mu" data-relevancy-booster="0">Mauritius</option> <option value="yt" data-alternative-spellings="yt" data-relevancy-booster="0">Mayotte</option> <option value="mx" data-alternative-spellings="mx" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Mexico</option> <option value="fm" data-alternative-spellings="fm" data-relevancy-booster="0">Micronesia, Federated States of</option> <option value="md" data-alternative-spellings="md" data-relevancy-booster="0">Moldova, Republic of</option> <option value="mc" data-alternative-spellings="mc" data-relevancy-booster="0">Monaco</option> <option value="mn" data-alternative-spellings="mn" data-relevancy-booster="0">Mongolia</option> <option value="me" data-alternative-spellings="me" data-relevancy-booster="0">Montenegro</option> <option value="ms" data-alternative-spellings="ms" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Montserrat</option> <option value="ma" data-alternative-spellings="ma" data-relevancy-booster="0">Morocco</option> <option value="mz" data-alternative-spellings="mz" data-relevancy-booster="0">Mozambique</option> <option value="mm" data-alternative-spellings="mm" data-relevancy-booster="0">Myanmar</option> <option value="na" data-alternative-spellings="na" data-relevancy-booster="0">Namibia</option> <option value="nr" data-alternative-spellings="nr" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Nauru</option> <option value="np" data-alternative-spellings="np" data-relevancy-booster="0">Nepal</option> <option value="nl" data-alternative-spellings="nl" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Netherlands</option> <option value="nc" data-alternative-spellings="nc" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">New Caledonia</option> <option value="nz" data-alternative-spellings="nz" data-relevancy-booster="0">New Zealand</option> <option value="ni" data-alternative-spellings="ni" data-relevancy-booster="0">Nicaragua</option> <option value="ne" data-alternative-spellings="ne" data-relevancy-booster="0">Niger</option> <option value="ng" data-alternative-spellings="ng" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Nigeria</option> <option value="nu" data-alternative-spellings="nu" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Niue</option> <option value="nf" data-alternative-spellings="nf" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Norfolk Island</option> <option value="mp" data-alternative-spellings="mp" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Northern Marianna Islands</option> <option value="no" data-alternative-spellings="no" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Norway</option> <option value="om" data-alternative-spellings="om" data-relevancy-booster="0">Oman</option> <option value="pk" data-alternative-spellings="pk" data-relevancy-booster="2">Pakistan</option> <option value="pw" data-alternative-spellings="pw" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Palau</option> <option value="ps" data-alternative-spellings="ps" data-relevancy-booster="0">Palestinian Territory, Occupied</option> <option value="pa" data-alternative-spellings="pa" data-relevancy-booster="0">Panama</option> <option value="pg" data-alternative-spellings="pg" data-relevancy-booster="0">Papua New Guinea</option> <option value="py" data-alternative-spellings="py" data-relevancy-booster="0">Paraguay</option> <option value="pe" data-alternative-spellings="pe" data-relevancy-booster="0">Peru</option> <option value="ph" data-alternative-spellings="ph" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Philippines</option> <option value="pn" data-alternative-spellings="pn" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Pitcairn</option> <option value="pl" data-alternative-spellings="pl" data-relevancy-booster="1.25">Poland</option> <option value="pt" data-alternative-spellings="pt" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Portugal</option> <option value="pr" data-alternative-spellings="pr" data-relevancy-booster="0">Puerto Rico</option> <option value="qa" data-alternative-spellings="qa" data-relevancy-booster="0">Qatar</option> <option value="re" data-alternative-spellings="re" data-relevancy-booster="0">Reunion</option> <option value="ro" data-alternative-spellings="ro" data-relevancy-booster="0">Romania</option> <option value="ru" data-alternative-spellings="ru" data-relevancy-booster="2.5">Russian Federation</option> <option value="rw" data-alternative-spellings="rw" data-relevancy-booster="0">Rwanda</option> <option value="bl" data-alternative-spellings="bl" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Barthelemy</option> <option value="sh" data-alternative-spellings="sh" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan Da Cunha</option> <option value="kn" data-alternative-spellings="kn" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Kitts and Nevis</option> <option value="lc" data-alternative-spellings="lc" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Lucia</option> <option value="mf" data-alternative-spellings="mf" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Martin (French Part)</option> <option value="pm" data-alternative-spellings="pm" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option> <option value="vc" data-alternative-spellings="vc" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saint Vincent and The Grenadines</option> <option value="ws" data-alternative-spellings="ws" data-relevancy-booster="0">Samoa</option> <option value="sm" data-alternative-spellings="sm" data-relevancy-booster="0">San Marino</option> <option value="st" data-alternative-spellings="st" data-relevancy-booster="0">Sao Tome and Principe</option> <option value="sa" data-alternative-spellings="sa" data-relevancy-booster="0">Saudi Arabia</option> <option value="sn" data-alternative-spellings="sn" data-relevancy-booster="0">Senegal</option> <option value="rs" data-alternative-spellings="rs" data-relevancy-booster="0">Serbia</option> <option value="sc" data-alternative-spellings="sc" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Seychelles</option> <option value="sl" data-alternative-spellings="sl" data-relevancy-booster="0">Sierra Leone</option> <option value="sg" data-alternative-spellings="sg" data-relevancy-booster="0">Singapore</option> <option value="sx" data-alternative-spellings="sx" data-relevancy-booster="0">Sint Maarten (Dutch Part)</option> <option value="sk" data-alternative-spellings="sk" data-relevancy-booster="0">Slovakia</option> <option value="si" data-alternative-spellings="si" data-relevancy-booster="0">Slovenia</option> <option value="sb" data-alternative-spellings="sb" data-relevancy-booster="0">Solomon Islands</option> <option value="so" data-alternative-spellings="so" data-relevancy-booster="0">Somalia</option> <option value="za" data-alternative-spellings="za" data-relevancy-booster="0">South Africa</option> <option value="gs" data-alternative-spellings="gs" data-relevancy-booster="0">South Georgia and The South Sandwich Islands</option> <option value="es" data-alternative-spellings="es" data-relevancy-booster="2">Spain</option> <option value="lk" data-alternative-spellings="lk" data-relevancy-booster="0">Sri Lanka</option> <option value="sd" data-alternative-spellings="sd" data-relevancy-booster="0">Sudan</option> <option value="sr" data-alternative-spellings="sr" data-relevancy-booster="0">Suriname</option> <option value="sj" data-alternative-spellings="sj" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Svalbard and Jan Mayen</option> <option value="sz" data-alternative-spellings="sz" data-relevancy-booster="0">Swaziland</option> <option value="se" data-alternative-spellings="se" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Sweden</option> <option value="ch" data-alternative-spellings="ch" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Switzerland</option> <option value="sy" data-alternative-spellings="sy" data-relevancy-booster="0">Syrian Arab Republic</option> <option value="tw" data-alternative-spellings="tw" data-relevancy-booster="0">Taiwan</option> <option value="tj" data-alternative-spellings="tj" data-relevancy-booster="0">Tajikistan</option> <option value="tz" data-alternative-spellings="tz" data-relevancy-booster="0">Tanzania, United Republic of</option> <option value="th" data-alternative-spellings="th" data-relevancy-booster="0">Thailand</option> <option value="tl" data-alternative-spellings="tl" data-relevancy-booster="0">Timor-Leste</option> <option value="tg" data-alternative-spellings="tg" data-relevancy-booster="0">Togo</option> <option value="tk" data-alternative-spellings="tk" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Tokelau</option> <option value="to" data-alternative-spellings="to" data-relevancy-booster="0">Tonga</option> <option value="tt" data-alternative-spellings="tt" data-relevancy-booster="0">Trinidad and Tobago</option> <option value="tn" data-alternative-spellings="tn" data-relevancy-booster="0">Tunisia</option> <option value="tr" data-alternative-spellings="tr" data-relevancy-booster="0">Turkey</option> <option value="tm" data-alternative-spellings="tm" data-relevancy-booster="0">Turkmenistan</option> <option value="tc" data-alternative-spellings="tc" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Turks and Caicos Islands</option> <option value="tv" data-alternative-spellings="tv" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Tuvalu</option> <option value="ug" data-alternative-spellings="ug" data-relevancy-booster="0">Uganda</option> <option value="ua" data-alternative-spellings="ua" data-relevancy-booster="0">Ukraine</option> <option value="ae" data-alternative-spellings="ae" data-relevancy-booster="0">United Arab Emirates</option> <option value="gb" data-alternative-spellings="gb" data-relevancy-booster="4">United Kingdom</option> <option value="us" data-alternative-spellings="us" data-relevancy-booster="3.5">United States</option> <option value="um" data-alternative-spellings="um" data-relevancy-booster="0">United States Minor Outlying Islands</option> <option value="uy" data-alternative-spellings="uy" data-relevancy-booster="0">Uruguay</option> <option value="uz" data-alternative-spellings="uz" data-relevancy-booster="0">Uzbekistan</option> <option value="vu" data-alternative-spellings="vu" data-relevancy-booster="0">Vanuatu</option> <option value="ve" data-alternative-spellings="ve" data-relevancy-booster="0">Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of</option> <option value="vn" data-alternative-spellings="vn" data-relevancy-booster="1.5">Vietnam</option> <option value="vg" data-alternative-spellings="vg" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Virgin Islands, British</option> <option value="vi" data-alternative-spellings="vi" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Virgin Islands, U.S.</option> <option value="wf" data-alternative-spellings="wf" data-relevancy-booster="0.5">Wallis and Futuna</option> <option value="eh" data-alternative-spellings="eh" data-relevancy-booster="0">Western Sahara</option> <option value="ye" data-alternative-spellings="ye" data-relevancy-booster="0">Yemen</option> <option value="zm" data-alternative-spellings="zm" data-relevancy-booster="0">Zambia</option> <option value="zw" 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src="/web/20190301020757im_/https://global.oup.com/system/images/headers/privacy_header" alt="Cookie Policy"/> <div id="lower_header_copy"> <h1>Cookie Policy</h1> <span><p>Our policy on using cookies on Oxford University Press websites</p></span> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div id="body"> <div id="lower_two_column_right"> <div class="content_block"> <span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/faq?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us">Cookie FAQ ></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/directory/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us">Cookie Directory A-Z</a><br></p><font size="2" face="Verdana"></font> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><font size="2" face="Verdana"><br>Updated on: 14th February 2013</font></span></span> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">Effective from: 14th February 2013<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><font color="#0080c0"><b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><br><font size="2" face="Verdana">Use of cookies</font></span></b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">OUP use cookies and other technologies to collect information on the website. The collection of such information helps OUP to facilitate your browsing of the website; it enables us to improve the website, to promote trust and safety and to monitor the web page flow of the website.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">If you disable or decline cookies, you may not be able to access some parts of the website, and some features may not function properly or be available to you. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">If you choose to accept our cookies, you can also delete such cookies later from your computer (see the 'Managing Cookies' section below). If you delete the cookies, any settings and preferences controlled by those cookies will be deleted and will need to be re-created when you visit the website subsequently.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">OUP may also track certain information regarding your use of the website through the use of JavaScript code, web beacons and third party website analytics providers.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">By using the website, you are agreeing to the provisions set out in this Cookie Policy.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><br><font color="#0080c0" size="2" face="Verdana">What are cookies?</font></span></b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Cookies are text files containing small amounts of information which are downloaded to your device when you visit a website. Cookies are then sent back to the originating website on each subsequent visit, or to another website that recognises those cookies. Cookies are useful because they allow a website to recognise a user鈥檚 device. You can find more information about cookies at: </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://www.aboutcookies.org/" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">www.allaboutcookies.org</font></a><font size="2" face="Verdana"> </font></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">and </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://www.youronlinechoices.eu/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">www.youronlinechoices.eu</font></a></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">. </font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">Cookies have various functions, like letting you navigate between pages efficiently, remembering your preferences, and generally improving the user experience. They can also help to ensure that adverts you see online are more relevant to you and your interests.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">Some cookies are allocated to your device only for the duration of your visit to a website, and these are called session based cookies. These cookies automatically expire when you close down your browser. Another type of cookie known as "persistent" cookies would remain on your device for a set period of time.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">In addition, please note that some websites contain third party cookies i.e. cookies that are set by a third party domain.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">The cookies used on the website have been categorised based on the categories found in the </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/https://www.cookielaw.org/media/1096/icc_uk_cookiesguide_revnov.pdf?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">ICC UK Cookie Guide</font></a><font size="2" face="Verdana">.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">We have summarised those categories in the 'Categories of Cookies' section below.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">You can also view the cookies and the functionality of such cookies used on each of our websites on our </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/directory/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Cookie Directory</font></a></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font color="#0000ff" size="2" face="Verdana">.</font></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><br><font color="#0080c0" size="2" face="Verdana">Categories of Cookies</font></span></b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">We have categorised the cookies used on the website based on the ICC's UK Cookie Guide.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">The categories are as follows: <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2"><u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN">Strictly Necessary Cookies</span></u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">These cookies are essential in order to enable you to move around the website and use its features, such as accessing secure areas of the website. Without these cookies services which you have selected, like shopping baskets or e-billing, cannot be provided. Because these cookies are strictly necessary, we do not need to ask for your consent to use them.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">You may at any time restrict, disable or delete the cookies by adjusting your web browser settings. For more information, please see the 'Managing Cookies' section below. However, you may not be able to access some parts of the website, and some features may not function properly or be available to you.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2"><u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN">Performance Cookies</span></u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">These cookies collect information about how visitors use a website, for instance which pages visitors go to most often, and whether they get error messages from web pages. These cookies don鈥檛 collect information that identifies a visitor. All information collected by these cookies is aggregated and therefore anonymous. It is only used to improve the performance of a website. In addition, some of these cookies are analytics cookies, set using third party web analytics software, which allow us to understand more about how our website is used. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">For example, some websites use Google Analytics cookies to help the owners of those websites to monitor their website traffic but those cookies do not collect information that identifies a visitor. The owners of those websites may also use such cookies to highlight products and/or services which they think will be of interest to you based on your use of their websites.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">By using our website, you are agreeing that OUP may place these types of cookies on your device. For details of the cookies which would be used, please click on our cookie directory link below: </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/directory/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Cookie Directory</font></a></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font color="#0000ff"></font></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">You may at any time restrict, disable or delete the cookies by adjusting your web browser settings. For more information, please see the 'Managing Cookies' section below. However, if you to this then, you may not be able to access some parts of the website, and some features may not function properly or be available to you.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2"><u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN">Functionality Cookies </span></u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">These cookies allow websites to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language or the region you are in) and to provide enhanced and, more personal features. For example, a website may be able to provide you with local weather reports or traffic news by storing in a cookie the region in which you are currently located. These cookies can also be used to remember changes you have made to text size, fonts and other parts of web pages that you can customise. They may also be used to provide services you have asked for such as watching a video or commenting on a blog. The information these cookies collect may be anonymised and they cannot track your browsing activity on websites other than the website you are visiting. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">By using our website, you are agreeing that OUP may place these types of cookies on your device. For details of the cookies which would be used, please click on our cookie directory link below: </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/directory/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Cookie Directory</font></a></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font color="#0000ff"></font></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">You may at any time restrict, disable or delete the cookies by adjusting your web browser settings. For more information, please see the 'Managing Cookies' section below. However, if you do this, then you may not be able to access some parts of the website, and some features may not function properly or be available to you.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2"><u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN">Targeting or advertising cookies</span></u><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">These cookies are used to deliver adverts that are relevant to you and your interests. They are also used to limit the number of times you see an advertisement as well as help measure the effectiveness of the advertising campaign. They are usually placed by advertising networks with the permission of the website operator. They remember that you have visited a website and this information is shared with other organisations such as advertisers. Quite often targeting or advertising cookies will be linked to site functionality provided by the other organisations.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">By using our websites, you are agreeing that OUP may place these types of cookies on your device. For details of the cookies which would be used, please click on our cookie directory link below: </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/directory/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Cookie Directory</font></a></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">. <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">You may at any time restrict, disable or delete the cookies by adjusting your web browser settings. For more information, please see the 'Managing Cookies' section below. However, if you do this then, you may not be able to access some parts of the website, and some features may not function properly or be available to you.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><br><font color="#0080c0" size="2" face="Verdana">Cookie Directory</font></span></b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font size="2" face="Verdana">In accordance with best practice, we have made available information regarding the cookies used on our website on our cookie directory. For more information please click on the link below: </font><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301020757/http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/directory/?siteid=oup&lang=en_GB&cc=us" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Cookie Directory</font></a></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">.<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><br><font color="#0080c0" size="2" face="Verdana">Managing Cookies</font></span></b><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2"> <?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN"><font face="Verdana"><font size="2">You can manage the cookies (except flash cookies) stored on your device by adjusting your web browser settings. 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