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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">West Indies anti-piracy operations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">Piracy in the Caribbean</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Schooner_Grampus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Schooner_Grampus.jpg/220px-Schooner_Grampus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Schooner_Grampus.jpg/330px-Schooner_Grampus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Schooner_Grampus.jpg/440px-Schooner_Grampus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="243" /></a></span><br />USS <i>Grampus</i> defeated the pirate ships <i>Palyrma</i> and <i>El Mosquito</i> during the operation.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>1814–1825</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> American victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281822-1836%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281822-1836%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281822-1836%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281822-1836%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281822-1836%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281822-1836%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Edward_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_Edward_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Edward_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_Edward_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Edward_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_Edward_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="470" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">Caribbean pirates</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/William_H._Crawford" title="William H. Crawford">William H. Crawford</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/James_Biddle_(commodore)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Biddle (commodore)">James Biddle</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/David_Porter_(naval_officer)" title="David Porter (naval officer)">David Porter</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Lafitte" title="Jean Lafitte">Jean Lafitte</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_La_Farges&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean La Farges (page does not exist)">Jean La Farges</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Executed"><img alt="Executed" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/14px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/21px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/28px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="490" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Louis-Michel_Aury" title="Louis-Michel Aury">Louis-Michel Aury</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Diabolito" title="Diabolito">Diabolito</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Cofresi" class="mw-redirect" title="Roberto Cofresi">Roberto Cofresi</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Executed"><img alt="Executed" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/14px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/21px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/28px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 2 <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a><br />2 <a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">corvettes</a><br />2 <a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">sloops of war</a><br />2 <a href="/wiki/Brig" title="Brig">brigs</a><br />4 <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooners</a><br />2 <a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">gunboats</a><br />1,346 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">sailors</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">marine infantry</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="West_Indies_Anti-Piracy_Operations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="wrap">West Indies Anti-Piracy Operations</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patterson%27s_Town_Raid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patterson's Town Raid (page does not exist)">Patterson's Town Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_schooner_Bravo" title="Capture of the schooner Bravo">Capture of the schooner <i>Bravo</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_24_October_1819&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 24 October 1819 (page does not exist)">Action of 24 October 1819</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_10_July_1820&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 10 July 1820 (page does not exist)">Action of 10 July 1820</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matanzas_Massacre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matanzas Massacre (page does not exist)">Matanzas Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_16_December_1821&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 16 December 1821 (page does not exist)">Action of 16 December 1821</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_6_March_1822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 6 March 1822 (page does not exist)">Action of 6 March 1822</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_15_August_1822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 15 August 1822 (page does not exist)">Action of 15 August 1822</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Funda_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Funda Bay (page does not exist)">Battle of Funda Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_2_November_1822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 2 November 1822 (page does not exist)">Action of 2 November 1822</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_9_November_1822" title="Action of 9 November 1822">Action of 9 November 1822</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_8_April_1823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 8 April 1823 (page does not exist)">Action of 8 April 1823</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_5_July_1823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 5 July 1823 (page does not exist)">Action of 5 July 1823</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_30_March_1823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 30 March 1823 (page does not exist)">Action of 30 March 1823</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fajardo_Incident&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fajardo Incident (page does not exist)">Fajardo Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Sagua_la_Grande&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Sagua la Grande (page does not exist)">Battle of Sagua la Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_sloop_Anne" title="Capture of the sloop Anne">Capture of the sloop <i>Anne</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>West Indies Anti-Piracy Operations</b> were a series of military operations and engagements undertaken by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> against <a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">pirates</a> in and around the <a href="/wiki/Antilles" title="Antilles">Antilles</a>. Between 1814 and 1825, the American <a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Squadron_(United_States)" title="West Indies Squadron (United States)">West Indies Squadron</a> hunted pirates on both sea and land, primarily around <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the capture of <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Cofresi" class="mw-redirect" title="Roberto Cofresi">Roberto Cofresi</a> in 1825, acts of piracy became rare, and the operation was considered a success, although limited occurrences went on until slightly after the start of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies,_Antilles,_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies%2C_Antilles%2C_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg/312px-1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies%2C_Antilles%2C_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg" decoding="async" width="312" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies%2C_Antilles%2C_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg/468px-1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies%2C_Antilles%2C_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies%2C_Antilles%2C_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg/624px-1818_Pinkerton_Map_of_the_West_Indies%2C_Antilles%2C_and_Caribbean_Sea_-_Geographicus_-_WestIndies2-pinkerton-1818.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3685" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Map of early 1800s West Indies</div></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Navy#Disarmament_(1785–1794)" title="History of the United States Navy">United States Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard#The_Revenue-Marine" title="History of the United States Coast Guard">U.S. Revenue Marine</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Cutter#First_ten_cutters" title="United States Coast Guard Cutter">cutter ships</a> had operated against piracy and the <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">slave trade</a> in the Caribbean and <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> for several years prior to 1822 when a permanent squadron was formed. After a September 1821 attack by pirates, in which three American merchant ships were captured, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> authorized <a href="/wiki/Commodore_(United_States)" title="Commodore (United States)">Commodore</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Biddle_(commodore)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Biddle (commodore)">James Biddle</a> to deploy a fleet to the Caribbean. This force consisted of two <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Macedonian" title="HMS Macedonian">USS <i>Macedonian</i></a>, and <a href="/wiki/USS_Congress_(1799)" title="USS Congress (1799)">USS <i>Congress</i></a>, two <a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">corvettes</a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Cyane_(1815)" title="USS Cyane (1815)">USS <i>Cyane</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_John_Adams_(1799)" title="USS John Adams (1799)">USS <i>John Adams</i></a>, two <a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">sloops-of-war</a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Hornet_(1805)" title="USS Hornet (1805)">USS <i>Hornet</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Peacock_(1813)" title="USS Peacock (1813)">USS <i>Peacock</i></a>, two <a href="/wiki/Brig" title="Brig">brigs</a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Spark_(1813)" title="USS Spark (1813)">USS <i>Spark</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(1799)" title="USS Enterprise (1799)">USS <i>Enterprise</i></a>, the <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooners</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_Grampus_(1821)" title="USS Grampus (1821)">USS <i>Grampus</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Alligator_(1820)" title="USS Alligator (1820)">USS <i>Alligator</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Shark_(1821)" title="USS Shark (1821)">USS <i>Shark</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Porpoise_(1820)" title="USS Porpoise (1820)">USS <i>Porpoise</i></a>. Gun schooners from the revenue marine <a href="/wiki/USRC_Alabama_(1819)" class="mw-redirect" title="USRC Alabama (1819)">USRC <i>Alabama</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USRC_Louisiana_(1819)" class="mw-redirect" title="USRC Louisiana (1819)">USRC <i>Louisiana</i></a>, as well as two other revenue marine <a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">gunboats</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_gunboat_No._158&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States gunboat No. 158 (page does not exist)"><i>No. 158</i></a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_gunboat_No._168&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States gunboat No. 168 (page does not exist)"><i>No. 168</i></a>, also participated with a total of over 1,500 personnel. Before the fleet was sent, only single ship operations had been undertaken. Over the course of a few decades the American West Indies Squadron continually engaged <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuelan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuban</a> and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</a> pirates. Many of the actions ended with the sinking or capturing of pirate vessels though often the outlaws escaped to shore.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1817–1821"><span id="1817.E2.80.931821"></span>1817–1821</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1817–1821"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During and after the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a>, Spanish naval power in the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> weakened, allowing for a resurgence of <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">piracy</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf Coast</a>. Many of the pirates in the period were <a href="/wiki/Latin_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin American">Latin Americans</a> and doubled as <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateers</a>. Revolution against Spain was widespread and both the rebel governments and the Spanish issued <a href="/wiki/Letters_of_marque" class="mw-redirect" title="Letters of marque">letters of marque</a>. Often the privateers captured American merchantmen and attacked their crews which resulted in them being branded as pirates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revenue_Marine_Service">Revenue Marine Service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revenue Marine Service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Revenue cutters were dispatched to fight the pirates early on. The first anti-piracy action from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Revenue_Cutter_Service" title="United States Revenue Cutter Service">Revenue Marine Service</a> happened back in 1793 the Cutter <i>Diligence</i> ran a pirate vessel ashore in the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a>. After the success, revenue cutters were charged with suppressing piracy and protecting the shores of America. In 1819, the one-gun schooners <a href="/wiki/USRC_Alabama_(1819)" class="mw-redirect" title="USRC Alabama (1819)">USRC <i>Alabama</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USRC_Louisiana_(1819)" class="mw-redirect" title="USRC Louisiana (1819)">USRC <i>Louisiana</i></a> along with the two gunboats joined the first established anti-piracy U.S. Naval fleet. The ships <a href="/wiki/Action_of_31_August_1819" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 31 August 1819">fought</a> major engagements with pirates, on the open sea, and a notable <a href="/wiki/Breton_Island_(Louisiana)" title="Breton Island (Louisiana)">Battle of Breton Island</a>. On 1818 June 22, Boarding parties from the Revenue cutter <i>Dallas</i> seized the privateer <i>Young Spartan</i>, her crew, and the privateer's prize, the <i>Pastora</i>, off Savannah, Georgia. The crew of the <i>Pastora</i> had been set adrift, and their fate remained unknown. The New York Evening Post noted that the crew of the privateer had committed offenses "that can only be expiated by making their exits on the gallows."<sup id="cite_ref-US_Coast_Guard_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Coast_Guard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Revenue Cutter <i>Active</i> captured the pirate vessel <i>India Libre</i> in the Chesapeake Bay on July 18 in 1818. On 1819 August 31. The <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_schooner_Bravo" title="Capture of the schooner Bravo">Capture of the schooner Bravo</a> led by Pirate Captain Jean Le Farges’ vessel engaged cutters <i>Louisiana</i> and <i>Alabama</i> off the coast of Florida. The cutters’ crews boarded the enemy and took the ship in a hand-to-hand struggle. Le Farges, a lieutenant of Jean Lafitte, was later hanged from <i>Louisiana</i>s yardarm.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Coast_Guard_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Coast_Guard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 July 1820, <i>Alabama</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_19_July_1820&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 19 July 1820 (page does not exist)">captured</a> four pirate ships off <a href="/wiki/La_Balize" class="mw-redirect" title="La Balize">La Balize</a>. <a href="/wiki/USRC_Louisiana" title="USRC Louisiana">USRC <i>Louisiana</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Peacock_(1813)" title="USS Peacock (1813)">USS <i>Peacock</i></a> manned with several cutter men would engage <a href="/wiki/HMS_Speedwell_(1815)" title="HMS Speedwell (1815)">HMS <i>Speedwell</i></a>, <i>Alabama</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_2_November_1822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 2 November 1822 (page does not exist)">engaged</a> pirates again, which resulted in the taking of five more pirate ships. This campaign was the beginning of the Anti-piracy, Coastal Defense, and Maritime law enforcement mission which is still practiced in the modern <a href="/wiki/U.S._Coast_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Coast Guard">U.S. Coast Guard</a> today.<sup id="cite_ref-US_Coast_Guard_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-US_Coast_Guard-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Navy_engagements">Navy engagements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Navy engagements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first American Navy vessels to serve against West Indies piracy were the schooners USS <i>Enterprise</i>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Nonsuch" title="USS Nonsuch">USS <i>Nonsuch</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Lynx_(1814)" title="USS Lynx (1814)">USS <i>Lynx</i></a> were among the vessels deployed between 1817 and 1822. All of these ships operated independently and there was no commander of the squadron until its official establishment. In 1819 <a href="/wiki/United_States_President" class="mw-redirect" title="United States President">President</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> sent Commodore <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Hazard_Perry" title="Oliver Hazard Perry">Oliver Hazard Perry</a> to Venezuela with the frigate <a href="/wiki/USS_Constellation_(1797)" title="USS Constellation (1797)">USS <i>Constellation</i></a>, the corvette USS <i>John Adams</i> and USS <i>Nonsuch</i>. The commodore's orders were to demand restitution for the capture of American merchant ships by Venezuelan privateers and to receive an assurance that the privateers would be restrained from attacking again. Perry was successful in completing his mission initially and a treaty was signed on August 11, though on his cruise back to the United States, he died of <a href="/wiki/Yellow_fever" title="Yellow fever">yellow fever</a> at <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a> which caused the agreement to fail. On December 22, 1817, USS <i>John Adams</i> forced the <a href="/wiki/Filibuster_(military)" title="Filibuster (military)">filibuster</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis-Michel_Aury" title="Louis-Michel Aury">Louis-Michel Aury</a> to evacuate his base at <a href="/wiki/Amelia_Island" title="Amelia Island">Amelia Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. Later, <i>John Adams</i> was <a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">flagship</a> of Commodore Biddle's squadron.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1820, hostilities with the pirates and privateers started to increase, United States warships engaged in several naval actions that year and a total of twenty-seven American merchant ships were captured. In Between 1818 and 1821, USS <i>Enterprise</i> captured thirteen pirate and slave ships while serving with the <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Squadron" title="New Orleans Squadron">New Orleans Squadron</a> and later in the West Indies. On October 24, 1819, while under command of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(navy)" title="Lieutenant (navy)">Lieutenant</a> J. R. Madison, USS <i>Lynx</i> captured two pirate schooners and two boats in the Gulf of Mexico and on November 9, she captured another pirate boat in <a href="/wiki/Galveston_Bay" title="Galveston Bay">Galveston Bay</a>. <i>Lynx</i> disappeared in January 1820 while sailing to <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, she likely sank due to a storm, none of her crew were ever seen or heard from again. In October, 1821, while sailing off <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Antonio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cape Antonio (page does not exist)">Cape Antonio</a>, Cuba, USS <i>Enterprise</i> came to the assistance of three merchantmen which had been seized by four pirate craft. Boats were launched and attacked the brigands, in the end, over forty pirates were killed or captured and two of their vessels taken. A month later, <i>Enterprise</i> attacked a pirate base near Cape Antonio and cleared the area criminals. In September 1821, three American merchant ships were <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matanzas_Massacre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matanzas Massacre (page does not exist)">massacred</a> off <a href="/wiki/Matanzas,_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Matanzas, Cuba">Matanzas, Cuba</a>. The crew of one ship was tortured and the vessel was set on fire, survivors were able to escape to shore in a boat. Three men were killed on the second American ship and everyone on the third vessel which was also burned. This incident was one of the main reasons why the anti-piracy operation was continued. USS <i>Hornet</i> captured a privateer schooner named <i>Moscow</i> on October 29, 1821, and on December 21, she captured a pirate ship apparently without a fight and the crew escaped to shore.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 16, 1821, Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/James_Ramage" class="mw-redirect" title="James Ramage">James Ramage</a> in USS <i>Porpoise</i> was sailing off Cape Antonio and found five enemy vessels, including the merchant brig <i>Bolina</i>. Forty sailors were lowered into five boats and Ramage led the advance. Though some of the pirates fled to shore, many resisted and the five American boats destroyed the five pirate ships by burning them. They also freed the <i>Bolina</i>. Three pirates were captured and several killed according to reports. In autumn of 1821, USS <i>Spark</i>, under Lieutenant <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Elton_(US)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Elton (US) (page does not exist)">John Elton</a>, departed <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> and joined the list of vessels assigned to counter piracy. In January 1822, Elton captured a <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> flagged pirate sloop. Seven prisoners were taken to <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a> for trial, <i>Spark</i> then returned to the Caribbean and remained on station for the next three years by which time the official West Indies Squadron was formed.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1822–1823"><span id="1822.E2.80.931823"></span>1822–1823</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1822–1823"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg/200px-Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg/300px-Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg/400px-Pyle_pirate_plank_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1930" data-file-height="2959" /></a><figcaption><i>Walking the Plank</i> by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Pyle" title="Howard Pyle">Howard Pyle</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Three significant engagements occurred between the British and the pirates in 1822 and 1823. In March, boat crews from USS <i>Enterprise</i> captured two <a href="/wiki/Launch_(boat)" title="Launch (boat)">launches</a> and four boats in a creek near Cape Antonio and on March 6, they seized eight more craft and over 150 pirates. A British merchantman under Captain William Smith was taken over by Spanish pirates of the schooner <i>Emanuel</i> in July 1822. The pirates made the British commander <a href="/wiki/Walking_the_plank" title="Walking the plank">walk the plank</a> and when he attempted to swim away, he was shot in the back. Also on the ship was the captain's fourteen-year-old son, the boy's head was crushed by the pirate captain when he could no longer stand to hear the crying child. <a href="/wiki/USS_Grampus_(1821)" title="USS Grampus (1821)">USS <i>Grampus</i></a> encountered the brig <i>Palyrma</i> flying Spanish colors on August 15, 1822. Commanding Lieutenant Gregory suspected the ship to be a pirate so he approached to board but as <i>Grampus</i> drew near, <i>Palyrma</i> opened fire and a brief three and a half minute <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_15_August_1822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 15 August 1822 (page does not exist)">battle</a> was fought. After boarding the wrecked vessel, the pirates were found to be from Puerto Rico and had a <a href="/wiki/Letter_of_marque" title="Letter of marque">letter of marque</a> that was intended to get the outlaws out of a situation like this. The letter was found to be fake so the pirates were detained and handed over to the Spanish in Cuba. At this time the usual procedure for dealing with captured pirates was turning them over to Spain because the United States didn't have the authority to imprison them.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Konstam198_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Konstam198-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States Navy could not pursue the pirates on Spanish soil either so in April 1822, Commodore <a href="/wiki/David_Porter_(naval_officer)" title="David Porter (naval officer)">David Porter</a>, in USS <i>Macedonian</i>, assumed command of the station and one of his first missions was to consult with <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Captain_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain General">Captain General</a> <a href="/wiki/Don_(honorific)" title="Don (honorific)">Don</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Mahy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Mahy (page does not exist)">Nicholas Mahy</a> of Cuba and the governor of Puerto Rico. Both governors denied Porter's request to allow American shore parties to land but at the same time the United States government permitted the West Indies Squadron to do so but only in remote areas. Commodore Porter then <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Funda_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Funda Bay (page does not exist)">attacked</a> and destroyed a pirate force at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Funda_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Funda Bay (page does not exist)">Funda Bay</a>, Cuba between September 28 and 30, 1822. Also on September 28, <i>Peacock</i> captured a boat filled with pirates about sixty miles (97 km) from <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, and later that afternoon, USS <i>Peacock</i> encountered the merchant vessel <i>Speedwell</i> which had been attacked by pirates two hours before. In response, Captain <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cassin" title="Stephen Cassin">Stephen Cassin</a> launched a boat expedition which captured four schooners but again most of the pirates escaped. On September 30, 1822, the twenty-six gun <a href="/wiki/HMS_Tyne_(1814)" title="HMS Tyne (1814)">HMS <i>Tyne</i></a> was escorting a one-gun merchant sloop <i>Eliza</i> when attacked by a five-gun pirate felucca named <i>Firme Union</i>. During the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_30_September_1822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 30 September 1822 (page does not exist)">engagement</a> that ensued, the British boarded and captured the pirate ship. Ten pirates were killed and the rest abandoned ship and escaped. On November 2, 1822, <a href="/wiki/USRC_Louisiana" title="USRC Louisiana">USRC <i>Louisiana</i></a> along with USS <i>Peacock</i> and the Royal Navy schooner <a href="/wiki/HMS_Speedwell_(1815)" title="HMS Speedwell (1815)">HMS <i>Speedwell</i></a> captured five pirate vessels off Havana. On November 8, 1822, Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Allen" title="William Howard Allen">William Howard Allen</a> of USS <i>Alligator</i> was killed in battle while leading an attack against three enemy schooners which were holding five merchantmen hostage. In the <a href="/wiki/Action_of_9_November_1822" title="Action of 9 November 1822">action</a>, two of the schooners were captured and at least fourteen pirates were killed. Due to Lieutenant Allen's death, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Smith_Thompson" title="Smith Thompson">Smith Thompson</a> authorized Commodore Porter to procure new vessels for the squadron.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Porter acquired eight new <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shallow_draft_schooners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shallow draft schooners (page does not exist)">shallow draft schooners</a>, five large <a href="/wiki/Barge" title="Barge">barges</a>, a steam powered <a href="/wiki/Riverboat" title="Riverboat">riverboat</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Storeship" class="mw-redirect" title="Storeship">storeship</a> schooner. The schooners were each armed with three guns and became the <a href="/wiki/USS_Beagle_(1822)" title="USS Beagle (1822)">USS <i>Beagle</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Ferret_(1822)" title="USS Ferret (1822)">USS <i>Ferret</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USS_Fox_(1822)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USS Fox (1822) (page does not exist)">USS <i>Fox</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Greyhound_(1822)" title="USS Greyhound (1822)">USS <i>Greyhound</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USS_Jackal_(1822)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USS Jackal (1822) (page does not exist)">USS <i>Jackal</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Terrier_(1822)" title="USS Terrier (1822)">USS <i>Terrier</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Weasel" title="USS Weasel">USS <i>Weasel</i></a>, and the <a href="/wiki/USS_Wild_Cat_(1822)" title="USS Wild Cat (1822)">USS <i>Wild Cat</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Konstam198_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Konstam198-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The storeship was <a href="/wiki/USS_Decoy" title="USS Decoy">USS <i>Decoy</i></a> and the steamer became <a href="/wiki/USS_Sea_Gull_(1818)" title="USS Sea Gull (1818)">USS <i>Sea Gull</i></a>. The new squadron left the United States for Cuba on February 15, 1823. Commodore Biddle also received new orders of conduct: he was now able to land shore parties in populated areas as long as he informed the locals first. Biddle was also ordered to cooperate with any other sovereign naval forces operating against pirates. <a href="/wiki/HMS_Grecian_(1821)" title="HMS Grecian (1821)">HMS <i>Grecian</i></a> of six guns captured the eight-gun schooner <i>La Cata</i> on March 1, 1823, south of Cuba. Thirty brigands were killed in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_1_March_1823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 1 March 1823 (page does not exist)">action</a> and only three were taken prisoner out of a force of over 100 men. USS <i>Fox</i> was sent to <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan, Puerto Rico</a>, in March 1823 to obtain a list of all legally commissioned privateers and a details of their instructions. When the American schooner entered <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_Harbor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Juan Harbor (page does not exist)">San Juan Harbor</a> on March 3, an <a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">artillery battery</a> fired on the ship. A few shots hit the <i>Fox</i> which mortally wounded her commander, Lieutenant <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_H._Cocke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William H. Cocke (page does not exist)">William H. Cocke</a>. Commodore Porter later accepted an apology for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_Incident&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Juan Incident (page does not exist)">incident</a> from Puerto Rico's governor. The British warships <i>Tyne</i> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Thracian" title="HMS Thracian">HMS <i>Thracian</i></a> of eighteen guns defeated the notorious pirate Captain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cayatano_Aragonez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cayatano Aragonez (page does not exist)">Cayatano Aragonez</a>'s thirteen-gun ship <i>Zaragozana</i> on March 31, in a running <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Mata_Harbor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mata Harbor (page does not exist)">battle</a>, the two British ships chased Captain Aragonez into <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mata,_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mata, Cuba (page does not exist)">Mata Harbor</a> where boats were lowered and captured the vessel. Ten pirates were killed and twenty eight were captured while the Royal Navy sustained only slight casualties. Two barges, <a href="/w/index.php?title=USS_Gallinipper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USS Gallinipper (page does not exist)">USS <i>Gallinipper</i></a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=USS_Mosquito_(1822)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USS Mosquito (1822) (page does not exist)">USS <i>Mosquito</i></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_8_April_1823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 8 April 1823 (page does not exist)">liberated</a> an American merchant vessel on April 8. The navy sailors killed two of the pirates and arrested one other though most got away.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 16, <i>Mosquito</i>, <i>Gallinipper</i> and USS <i>Peacock</i>, spotted a <a href="/wiki/Felucca" title="Felucca">felucca</a> off <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colorados,_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colorados, Cuba (page does not exist)">Colorados, Cuba</a>. <i>Peacock</i> managed to capture the felucca though its crew fled to shore before <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttling</a> three of their schooners. </p><p><i>Grampus</i> rescued the crew of the American schooner <i>Shiboleth</i> after it was taken by pirates in June 1823. The brigands had boarded the merchantman silently, killed the guards, and then cornered the remainder of the crew within the ship. The pirates robbed the ship and set her on fire, <i>Grampus</i> arrived when <i>Shiboleth</i> was still burning and took off her surviving crew. A few days later, pirates attacked another merchant before being detected by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Army" title="Spanish Army">Spanish Army</a> and captured. USS <i>Ferret</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s crew skirmished with the brigands in June. During one incident, <i>Ferret</i> found a few pirate craft in shallow water off <a href="/wiki/Matanzas,_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Matanzas, Cuba">Matanzas</a>. First <i>Ferret</i> attacked using her broadside guns and sank two of the boats which were fleeing along the coast. Due to the low depth, a boat was used to attack the remaining craft but when the Americans came within range, the pirates opened fire and shot a hole through their boat which returned to <i>Ferret</i> and sank. With their only boat destroyed, the Americans were forced to continue their patrol and the brigands got to shore. Later that day, <i>Ferret</i> commandeered a small vessel with a shallow draft and returned to where their boat was sunk, hoping to engage the pirates again but bad weather stopped the operation. The following morning the Americans encountered a British merchantman which gave them a boat. Again <i>Ferret</i> returned to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matanzas_Bay,_Cuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matanzas Bay, Cuba (page does not exist)">Matanzas Bay</a> but all that was there was the two sunken boats that she destroyed earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 5, 1823, USS <i>Sea Gull</i>, under the command of Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/William_H._Watson" title="William H. Watson">William H. Watson</a>, with the barges <i>Gallinipper</i> and <i>Mosquito</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_of_5_July_1823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action of 5 July 1823 (page does not exist)">fought</a> pirates off Matanzas, near where Lieutenant Allen was killed a year earlier. The three American vessels encountered a heavily armed schooner, with a crew of about seventy-five, near a Cuban village. The United States Navy attacked with their cannon and the schooner was hit so her captain began a retreat. When further hits struck the schooner, the pirates panicked and began to abandon ship by jumping into the water. The barges maneuvered in close to the schooner and the sailors and marines on board fired volleys into their fleeing enemy, shouting "Allen, Allen" in the process. Fifteen pirates made it ashore but were attacked by an American landing party. Eleven more were killed and the last four were captured by the Cuban villagers. In total about seventy pirates were killed while only five survived. On July 21, the commanders of <i>Beagle</i> and <i>Greyhound</i> were investigating <a href="/wiki/Cape_Cruz" title="Cape Cruz">Cape Cruz</a>, Cuba in a boat when it was fired upon from the shore. The Americans withdrew to their ship and on the next morning they landed sailors and marines who attacked and destroyed a makeshift <a href="/wiki/Fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort">fort</a>. The pirates evaded the American shore party but their base was dismantled and a few heavy artillery pieces were removed. USS <i>Sea Gull</i>, with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Voorhees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Voorhees (page does not exist)">Ralph Voorhees</a> in command, recaptured the merchant schooner <i>Pacification</i> from pirates on March 30.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1824–1825"><span id="1824.E2.80.931825"></span>1824–1825</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1824–1825"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pirata_Cofresi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Pirata_Cofresi.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="269" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="163" data-file-height="269" /></a><figcaption><i>A monument of Roberto Cofresi in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico.</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Throughout the history of the West Indies Squadron, tropical disease was common among the American warships which had to sail back to the United States when outbreaks occurred. By January 1824, most of the West Indies Squadron ships had been recalled, mainly because of illness though in February, the squadron under Commodore Porter, sailing in flagship <a href="/wiki/USS_Firefly" title="USS Firefly">USS <i>Firefly</i></a>, returned to operate for a few months before sailing north again in July. During this time, piracy in Puerto Rican waters began to briefly rise until mid-1825: between July and August, ten attacks on American merchant vessels were reported and only a few warships remained on station. By October the majority were back in home waters. Commodore Porter was relieved of duty in February 1825 and joined the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Navy" title="Mexican Navy">Mexican Navy</a>; this was after the Spanish authorities in Puerto Rico <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fajardo_Incident&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fajardo Incident (page does not exist)">detained</a> USS <i>Peacock</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s commander Lieutenant Platt in October 1824. That month pirates raided Saint Thomas in the Danish Virgin Islands and returned to <a href="/wiki/Fajardo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fajardo">Fajardo</a> with $5,000 worth of stolen merchandise from an American owned business. The stores owner requested that Lieutenant Platt help him recover his goods. Platt landed men in Fajardo on October 27. In order to not alert the pirates, the shore party wore civilian clothes and as a result, they were arrested by the Spanish Army and charged with piracy. Platt explained why he was out of uniform and later the Spanish allowed for one of his men to retrieve the lieutenant's uniform and commission. Upon seeing this, the Americans were released. When Commodore Porter heard of this he sailed to Fajardo with USS <i>John Adams</i>, <i>Beagle</i> and <i>Grampus</i>. There he landed a shore party on November 14 and demanded an apology from the Spanish. Eventually the Spaniards agreed to make a public apology so the expedition boarded their ships and sailed away. The United States government was not happy with Commodore Porter's actions and he was court martialed before resigning his commission. The American operation against West Indies pirates was declared a victory in 1825 though occasional outbreaks of piracy continued.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1825, <i>Gallinipper</i> was accompanied by the frigate <a href="/w/index.php?title=HMS_Dartmouth_(1813)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HMS Dartmouth (1813) (page does not exist)">HMS <i>Dartmouth</i></a> and the schooners <a href="/wiki/HMS_Lion_(1823)" title="HMS Lion (1823)">HMS <i>Lion</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Union_(1823)" title="HMS Union (1823)">HMS <i>Union</i></a> in an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_off_Sagua_la_Grande&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Action off Sagua la Grande (page does not exist)">operation</a> against Cuban pirates. United States Navy Lieutenant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_McKeever&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac McKeever (page does not exist)">Isaac McKeever</a> commanded and led an attack against a hostile schooner at the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Sagua_la_Grande" class="mw-redirect" title="Sagua la Grande">Sagua la Grande</a>. American and British forces took the ship, killed eight enemies and captured nineteen others, incurring only one man wounded. On the following day, another schooner was captured but the pirates escaped and the vessel was taken without bloodshed. <i>El Mosquito</i>, the ship of famed pirate <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Cofres%C3%AD" title="Roberto Cofresí">Roberto Cofresí</a> was <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_sloop_Anne" title="Capture of the sloop Anne">disabled</a> on March 5, by USS <i>Grampus</i> and two Spanish sloops off <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%ADa_de_Jobos" title="Bahía de Jobos">Boca del Infierno</a>. With his crew scattered, the pirate captain fled inland, where a local by the name of Juan Garay recognized and ambushed him allowing the authorities to capture him. Cofresí was considered the last Caribbean pirate to be successful. After he was executed on March 29, 1825, piracy declined in the region for good. United States naval operations in the West Indies were eventually turned over to the <a href="/wiki/Home_Squadron" title="Home Squadron">Home Squadron</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Brazil_Squadron" title="Brazil Squadron">Brazil Squadron</a> by 1842.<sup id="cite_ref-Wombwell_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Squadron" title="Africa Squadron">Africa Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_Pirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbary Pirates">Barbary Pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Africa" title="Blockade of Africa">Blockade of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Piracy" title="Golden Age of Piracy">Golden Age of Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lafitte" title="Jean Lafitte">Jean Lafitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_America_and_West_Indies_Station" title="North America and West Indies Station">North America and West Indies Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">Piracy in the Caribbean</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1911/december/repression-piracy-west-indies-1814-1825">"The Repression Of Piracy In The West Indies. 1814-1825"</a>. <i>usni</i>. December 1911<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usni&rft.atitle=The+Repression+Of+Piracy+In+The+West+Indies.+1814-1825&rft.date=1911-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usni.org%2Fmagazines%2Fproceedings%2F1911%2Fdecember%2Frepression-piracy-west-indies-1814-1825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Indies+anti-piracy+operations+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wombwell-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wombwell_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wombwell</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-US_Coast_Guard-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-US_Coast_Guard_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-US_Coast_Guard_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-US_Coast_Guard_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.uscg.mil/Complete-Time-Line/Time-Line-1700-1800/">"US Coast Guard Timeline 1700s-1800s"</a>. US Coast Guard<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Coast+Guard+Timeline+1700s-1800s&rft.pub=US+Coast+Guard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.uscg.mil%2FComplete-Time-Line%2FTime-Line-1700-1800%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Indies+anti-piracy+operations+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Konstam198-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Konstam198_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konstam198_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Konstam07">Konstam, 2007</a> p.198</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Farragut79" class="citation book cs1">Farragut, Loyall (1879). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifedavidglasgo00farrgoog"><i>The life of David Glasgow Farragut, first admiral of the United States navy:embodying his journal and letters</i></a>. <br />D. Appleton and company, New York. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifedavidglasgo00farrgoog/page/n622">586</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781376944440" title="Special:BookSources/9781376944440"><bdi>9781376944440</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+David+Glasgow+Farragut%2C+first+admiral+of+the+United+States+navy%3Aembodying+his+journal+and+letters&rft.pages=586&rft.pub=%3Cbr%3ED.+Appleton+and+company%2C+New+York&rft.date=1879&rft.isbn=9781376944440&rft.aulast=Farragut&rft.aufirst=Loyall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifedavidglasgo00farrgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Indies+anti-piracy+operations+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifedavidglasgo03farrgoog">Url</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Konstam07" class="citation book cs1">Konstam, Angus (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/piratespredators0000kons/page/240"><i>Predators of the Seas</i></a>. <br />Skyhorse Publishing Inc. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/piratespredators0000kons/page/240">240</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781602390355" title="Special:BookSources/9781602390355"><bdi>9781602390355</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Predators+of+the+Seas&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=%3Cbr%3ESkyhorse+Publishing+Inc.&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781602390355&rft.aulast=Konstam&rft.aufirst=Angus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpiratespredators0000kons%2Fpage%2F240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Indies+anti-piracy+operations+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1VH4ybYDnwMC&q=%22david+porter%22+%22west+indies%22,+pirates">Url</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Wombell" class="citation book cs1">Wombwell, A. James (2010). <i>The Long War Against Piracy: Historical Trends</i>. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: <br />Combat Studies Institute Press. p. 204. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9823283-6-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9823283-6-1"><bdi>978-0-9823283-6-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Long+War+Against+Piracy%3A+Historical+Trends&rft.place=Fort+Leavenworth%2C+Kansas&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=%3Cbr%3ECombat+Studies+Institute+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-9823283-6-1&rft.aulast=Wombwell&rft.aufirst=A.+James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+Indies+anti-piracy+operations+of+the+United+States" class="Z3988"></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TvjdYgEACAAJ">Book</a></li></ul> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text from the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> </i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_American_Naval_Fighting_Ships" title="Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships">Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships</a><i>.</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Indies_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ij0y2Km0xeU">History of US Navy</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Coast_Guard" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Category:United States Coast Guard">Category:United States Coast Guard</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commandant_of_the_Coast_Guard" title="Commandant of the Coast Guard">Commandant of the Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Commandant_of_the_Coast_Guard" title="Vice Commandant of the Coast Guard">Vice Commandant of the Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Chief_Petty_Officer_of_the_Coast_Guard" title="Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard">Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Seal_of_the_U.S._Coast_Guard.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_U.S._Coast_Guard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Seal_of_the_U.S._Coast_Guard.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_U.S._Coast_Guard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Seal_of_the_U.S._Coast_Guard.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_U.S._Coast_Guard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="304" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Organization of the United States Coast Guard">Organization</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Missions_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Missions of the United States Coast Guard">Missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Reserve" title="United States Coast Guard Reserve">Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Intelligence" title="Coast Guard Intelligence">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Investigative_Service" title="Coast Guard Investigative Service">Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Legal_Division" title="United States Coast Guard Legal Division">Legal Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Police" title="United States Coast Guard Police">Police</a></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard#Regional_responsibilities" title="Organization of the United States Coast Guard">Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard#Regional_responsibilities" title="Organization of the United States Coast Guard">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_sector" title="United States Coast Guard sector">Sectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_stations" title="List of United States Coast Guard stations">Stations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Air_Stations" title="United States Coast Guard Air Stations">Air Stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_radio_stations" title="List of United States Coast Guard radio stations">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Yard" title="United States Coast Guard Yard">Shipbuilding Yard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Ice_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="National Ice Center">National Ice Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Research_and_Development_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Coast Guard Research and Development Center">Research and Development Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Auxiliary" title="United States Coast Guard Auxiliary">Coast Guard Auxiliary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel and training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_people" title="List of United States Coast Guard people">Personnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Coast Guard officer rank insignia">Officer ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_enlisted_ranks" title="List of United States Coast Guard enlisted ranks">Enlisted ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_ratings" title="List of United States Coast Guard ratings">Ratings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Academy" title="United States Coast Guard Academy">Coast Guard Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Training_Center_Cape_May" title="United States Coast Guard Training Center Cape May">Training Center Cape May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_Center_Petaluma" title="Training Center Petaluma">Training Center Petaluma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Training_Center_Yorktown" title="Coast Guard Training Center Yorktown">Training Center Yorktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Law_Enforcement_Academy" title="Maritime Law Enforcement Academy">Maritime Law Enforcement Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Maritime_Training_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Maritime Training Center">Joint Maritime Training Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Aviation_Association" title="Coast Guard Aviation Association">Aviation Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Chaplain of the United States Coast Guard">Chaplain of the Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_four-star_admirals" title="List of United States Coast Guard four-star admirals">Four-star admirals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_vice_admirals" title="List of United States Coast Guard vice admirals">Three-star admirals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Uniforms and equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Uniforms of the United States Coast Guard">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Coast Guard">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Badges of the United States Coast Guard">Badges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Cutter" title="United States Coast Guard Cutter">Cutters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_cutters" title="List of United States Coast Guard cutters">List of cutters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_commissioning" title="Ship commissioning">Ship commissioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_commissioning#Ship_decommissioning" title="Ship commissioning">Ship decommissioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="List of equipment of the United States Coast Guard">Equipment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History and traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="History of the United States Coast Guard">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Act" title="Coast Guard Act">Coast Guard Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_City" title="Coast Guard City">Coast Guard City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Life-Saving_Service" title="United States Life-Saving Service">Life-Saving Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Revenue_Cutter_Service" title="United States Revenue Cutter Service">Revenue Cutter Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Lighthouse_Service" title="United States Lighthouse Service">Lighthouse Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steamboat_Inspection_Service" title="Steamboat Inspection Service">Steamboat Inspection Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Navigation" title="Bureau of Navigation">Bureau of Navigation</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Semper_Paratus_(march)" title="Semper Paratus (march)">Semper Paratus</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Flag of the United States Coast Guard">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard#Coast_Guard_Ensign" title="United States Coast Guard">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard#Service_Mark_("Racing_Stripe")" title="United States Coast Guard">Racing Stripe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Band" title="United States Coast Guard Band">United States Coast Guard Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Ceremonial_Honor_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard Ceremonial Honor Guard">United States Coast Guard Ceremonial Honor Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Pipe_Band" title="United States Coast Guard Pipe Band">United States Coast Guard Pipe Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Week" title="Fleet Week">Fleet Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Coast_Guard)" title="Service number (United States Coast Guard)">Coast Guard service numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guardsman" title="Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman">Coast Guardsman's Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Cutters" title="United States Coast Guard Cutters">United States Coast Guard Cutters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Bears" title="Coast Guard Bears">Coast Guard Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARS" title="SPARS">SPARS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Battles and operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quasi-War" title="Quasi-War">Quasi-War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West Indies anti-piracy operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_schooner_Bravo" title="Capture of the schooner Bravo">Capture of the schooner <i>Bravo</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingham_incident" title="Ingham incident"><i>Ingham</i> Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Amistad" title="La Amistad"><i>Amistad</i> Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Patrol" title="Great Lakes Patrol">Great Lakes Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Sumter" title="Battle of Fort Sumter">Battle of Fort Sumter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pig_Point" title="Battle of Pig Point">Battle of Pig Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Galveston_Harbor_(1862)" title="Battle of Galveston Harbor (1862)">Battle of Galveston Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Portland_Harbor" title="Battle of Portland Harbor">Battle of Portland Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overland_Relief_Expedition" title="Overland Relief Expedition">Overland Relief Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_Bay" title="Battle of Manila Bay">Battle of Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Battle of Cárdenas">Battle of Cárdenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Ice_Patrol" title="International Ice Patrol">Ice Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_operations_during_World_War_I" title="United States Navy operations during World War I">1st Battle of the Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Mississippi_Flood_of_1927" title="Great Mississippi Flood of 1927">Great Mississippi Flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_Patrol" title="Rum Patrol">Rum Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">2nd Battle of the Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guam_(1944)" title="Battle of Guam (1944)">Battle of Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord">Operation Overlord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Squadron_One" title="Coast Guard Squadron One">Coast Guard Squadron One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Market_Time" title="Operation Market Time">Operation Market Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sealords" title="Operation Sealords">Operation Sealords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_1_March_1968" title="Action of 1 March 1968">Action of 1 March 1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Persian Gulf War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">Afghanistan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Horn_of_Africa" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa">Operation Enduring Freedom HOA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Piracy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pirates" title="Template:Pirates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pirates" title="Template talk:Pirates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pirates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pirates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Piracy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">Piracy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Piracy_by_period" title="Category:Piracy by period">Periods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mediterranean_piracy" title="Ancient Mediterranean piracy">Ancient Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Piracy" title="Golden Age of Piracy">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_21st_century" title="Piracy in the 21st century">21st century</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_piracy" title="2022 in piracy">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_piracy" title="2023 in piracy">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_piracy" title="2024 in piracy">2024</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Types of pirate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_piracy" title="Albanian piracy">Albanian piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Turkish_piracy" title="Anglo-Turkish piracy">Anglo-Turkish piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Slavic_piracy" title="Baltic Slavic piracy">Baltic Slavic pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_pirates" title="Barbary pirates">Barbary pirates (corsairs)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corsairs_of_Algiers" title="Corsairs of Algiers">Algiers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brethren_of_the_Coast" title="Brethren of the Coast">Brethren of the Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buccaneer" title="Buccaneer">Buccaneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilician_pirates" title="Cilician pirates">Cilician pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_pirate" title="Child pirate">Child pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossack pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filibuster_(military)" title="Filibuster (military)">Filibusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_corsairs" title="French corsairs">French corsairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_pirates" title="Jewish pirates">Jewish pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Sulu_and_Celebes_Seas" title="Piracy in the Sulu and Celebes Seas">Moro pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narentines" title="Narentines">Narentines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">Privateers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_privateer" title="Confederate privateer">Confederate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_pirate" title="River pirate">River pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geuzen" title="Geuzen">Sea Beggars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Sea_Dogs" title="Elizabethan Sea Dogs">Sea Dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawarij" title="Bawarij">Sindhi corsairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_pirate" title="Timber pirate">Timber pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushkuyniks" title="Ushkuyniks">Ushkuyniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uskoks" title="Uskoks">Uskoks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikings" title="Vikings">Vikings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victual_Brothers" title="Victual Brothers">Victual Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wokou" title="Wokou">Wokou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_piracy" title="Women in piracy">Women in piracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Atlantic_World" title="Piracy in the Atlantic World">Atlantic World</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">Caribbean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="Piracy in the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Main" title="Spanish Main">Spanish Main</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_on_Lake_Nicaragua" title="Piracy on Lake Nicaragua">Lake Nicaragua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_off_the_coast_of_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Piracy off the coast of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian Ocean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_around_the_Horn_of_Africa" title="Piracy around the Horn of Africa">Horn of Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_off_the_coast_of_Somalia" title="Piracy off the coast of Somalia">Somali Coast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_Indonesia" title="Piracy in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Persian_Gulf" title="Piracy in the Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Strait_of_Malacca" title="Piracy in the Strait of Malacca">Strait of Malacca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nosy_Boraha" title="Nosy Boraha">Nosy Boraha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other waters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Slavic_piracy" title="Baltic Slavic piracy">Baltic Slavic piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_Coast" title="Barbary Coast">Barbary Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_on_Falcon_Lake" title="Piracy on Falcon Lake">Falcon Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirates_of_the_South_China_Coast" title="Pirates of the South China Coast">South China Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Sulu_and_Celebes_Seas" title="Piracy in the Sulu and Celebes Seas">Sulu Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pirate_haven" title="Pirate haven">Pirate havens</a><br />and bases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barataria_Bay" title="Barataria Bay">Barataria Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Sainte-Marie" class="mw-redirect" title="Île Sainte-Marie">Île Sainte-Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertatia" title="Libertatia">Libertatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lundy" title="Lundy">Lundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdya,_Morocco" title="Mehdya, Morocco">Mamora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Royal" title="Port Royal">Port Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pirates" title="Republic of Pirates">Republic of Pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Sal%C3%A9" title="Republic of Salé">Republic of Salé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Augustin,_Madagascar" title="Saint Augustin, Madagascar">Saint Augustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Malo" title="Saint-Malo">Saint-Malo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortuga_(Haiti)" title="Tortuga (Haiti)">Tortuga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Major figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pirates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abduwali_Muse" title="Abduwali Muse">Abduwali Muse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abshir_Boyah" title="Abshir Boyah">Abshir Boyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Baldridge" title="Adam Baldridge">Adam Baldridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Samuel" title="Abraham Samuel">Abraham Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alf_and_Alfhild" title="Alf and Alfhild">Alfhild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_W._Hicks" title="Albert W. Hicks">Albert W. Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Bonny" title="Anne Bonny">Anne Bonny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Dieu-le-Veut" title="Anne Dieu-le-Veut">Anne Dieu-le-Veut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Faria" title="António de Faria">António de Faria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Exquemelin" title="Alexandre Exquemelin">Alexandre Exquemelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemisia_I_of_Caria" title="Artemisia I of Caria">Artemisia I of Caria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awilda" title="Awilda">Awilda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartolomeu_Portugu%C3%AAs" title="Bartolomeu Português">Bartolomeu Português</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_Roberts" title="Bartholomew Roberts">Bartholomew Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_de_Soto" title="Benito de Soto">Benito de Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Hornigold" title="Benjamin Hornigold">Benjamin Hornigold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Caesar_(pirate)" title="Black Caesar (pirate)">Black Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackbeard" title="Blackbeard">Blackbeard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bully_Hayes" title="Bully Hayes">Bully Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Qian" title="Cai Qian">Cai Qian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calico_Jack" title="Calico Jack">Calico Jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibbs" title="Charles Gibbs">Charles Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_de_Berry" title="Charlotte de Berry">Charlotte de Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheung_Po_Tsai" title="Cheung Po Tsai">Cheung Po Tsai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Anna_Skytte" title="Christina Anna Skytte">Christina Anna Skytte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chui_A-poo" title="Chui A-poo">Chui A-poo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Seavey" title="Dan Seavey">Dan Seavey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diabolito" title="Diabolito">Diabolito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dido" title="Dido">Dido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Chivers" title="Dirk Chivers">Dirk Chivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_You" title="Dominique You">Dominique You</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_England" title="Edward England">Edward England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Low" title="Edward Low">Edward Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Boggs" title="Eli Boggs">Eli Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elise_Eskilsdotter" title="Elise Eskilsdotter">Elise Eskilsdotter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustace_the_Monk" title="Eustace the Monk">Eustace the Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_Burn" title="Flora Burn">Flora Burn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Gang" title="Flying Gang">Flying Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C5%ABma_Kotar%C5%8D" title="Fūma Kotarō">Fūma Kotarō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Drake" title="Francis Drake">Francis Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Le_Clerc" title="François Le Clerc">François Le Clerc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_l%27Olonnais" title="François l'Olonnais">François l'Olonnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gan_Ning" title="Gan Ning">Gan Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_O%27Malley" title="Grace O'Malley">Grace O'Malley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayreddin_Barbarossa" title="Hayreddin Barbarossa">Hayreddin Barbarossa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_Lucifer" title="Hendrick Lucifer">Hendrick Lucifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Caesar" title="Henri Caesar">Henri Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Every" title="Henry Every">Henry Every</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Morgan" title="Henry Morgan">Henry Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Strangways_(pirate)" title="Henry Strangways (pirate)">Henry Strangways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Bouchard" title="Hippolyte Bouchard">Hippolyte Bouchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Bamei" title="Huang Bamei">Huang Bamei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Hands" title="Israel Hands">Israel Hands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacquotte_Delahaye" title="Jacquotte Delahaye">Jacquotte Delahaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Janszoon" title="Jan Janszoon">Jan Janszoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lafitte" title="Jean Lafitte">Jean Lafitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_de_Clisson" title="Jeanne de Clisson">Jeanne de Clisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johanna_H%C3%A5rd" title="Johanna Hård">Johanna Hård</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hawkins_(naval_commander)" title="John Hawkins (naval commander)">John Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hoar" title="John Hoar">John Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Newland_Maffitt_(privateer)" title="John Newland Maffitt (privateer)">John Newland Maffitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pro" title="John Pro">John Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Jørgen Jørgensen">Jørgen Jørgensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaquim_Almeida" title="José Joaquim Almeida">José Joaquim Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Baker_(pirate)" title="Joseph Baker (pirate)">Joseph Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barss" title="Joseph Barss">Joseph Barss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_St%C3%B6rtebeker" title="Klaus Störtebeker">Klaus Störtebeker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lai_Choi_San" title="Lai Choi San">Lai Choi San</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurens_de_Graaf" title="Laurens de Graaf">Laurens de Graaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Prince" title="Lawrence Prince">Lawrence Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Daoming" title="Liang Daoming">Liang Daoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limahong" title="Limahong">Limahong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_Hon-cho" title="Lo Hon-cho">Lo Hon-cho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Michel_Aury" title="Louis-Michel Aury">Louis-Michel Aury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansel_Alcantra" title="Mansel Alcantra">Mansel Alcantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ribeiro_Pardal" title="Manuel Ribeiro Pardal">Manuel Ribeiro Pardal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Frobisher" title="Martin Frobisher">Martin Frobisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Cobham_and_Maria_Lindsey" title="Eric Cobham and Maria Lindsey">Mary Lindsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Read" title="Mary Read">Mary Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wolverston" title="Mary Wolverston">Mary Wolverston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_de_Grammont" title="Michel de Grammont">Michel de Grammont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Cohen_Henriques" title="Moses Cohen Henriques">Moses Cohen Henriques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Gordon" title="Nathaniel Gordon">Nathaniel Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_van_Hoorn" title="Nicholas van Hoorn">Nicholas van Hoorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng_Akew" title="Ng Akew">Ng Akew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Levasseur" title="Olivier Levasseur">Olivier Levasseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Gilbert" title="Pedro Gilbert">Pedro Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Easton" title="Peter Easton">Peter Easton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lafitte" title="Pierre Lafitte">Pierre Lafitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet_Pieterszoon_Hein" title="Piet Pieterszoon Hein">Piet Pieterszoon Hein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Sela" title="Princess Sela">Princess Sela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahmah_ibn_Jabir_al-Jalhami" title="Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami">Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Wall" title="Rachel Wall">Rachel Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oru%C3%A7_Reis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oruç Reis">Redbeard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Glover_(pirate)" title="Richard Glover (pirate)">Richard Glover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Culliford" title="Robert Culliford">Robert Culliford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Surcouf" title="Robert Surcouf">Robert Surcouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Cofres%C3%AD" title="Roberto Cofresí">Roberto Cofresí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roche_Braziliano" title="Roche Braziliano">Roche Braziliano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusla" title="Rusla">Rusla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadie_Farrell" title="Sadie Farrell">Sadie Farrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bellamy" title="Samuel Bellamy">Samuel Bellamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hall_Lord" title="Samuel Hall Lord">Samuel Hall Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Mason" title="Samuel Mason">Samuel Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pallache" title="Samuel Pallache">Samuel Pallache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyida_al_Hurra" title="Sayyida al Hurra">Sayyida al Hurra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Ping" title="Sister Ping">Sister Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shap-ng-tsai" title="Shap-ng-tsai">Shap-ng-tsai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirahama_Kenki" title="Shirahama Kenki">Shirahama Kenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Mascarino" title="Simon Mascarino">Simon Mascarino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stede_Bonnet" title="Stede Bonnet">Stede Bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teuta" title="Teuta">Teuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavendish" title="Thomas Cavendish">Thomas Cavendish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tew" title="Thomas Tew">Thomas Tew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veborg" title="Veborg">Veborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victual_Brothers" title="Victual Brothers">Victual Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Gambi" title="Vincenzo Gambi">Vincenzo Gambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhi_(pirate)" title="Wang Zhi (pirate)">Wang Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dampier" title="William Dampier">William Dampier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kidd" title="William Kidd">William Kidd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jing" title="Zheng Jing">Zheng Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Qi_(pirate)" title="Zheng Qi (pirate)">Zheng Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Yi_(pirate)" title="Zheng Yi (pirate)">Zheng Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Zhilong" title="Zheng Zhilong">Zheng Zhilong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Yi_Sao" title="Zheng Yi Sao">Zheng Yi Sao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pirate<br />hunters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Emo" title="Angelo Emo">Angelo Emo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaloner_Ogle" title="Chaloner Ogle">Chaloner Ogle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Porter_(naval_officer)" title="David Porter (naval officer)">David Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duarte_Pacheco_Pereira" title="Duarte Pacheco Pereira">Duarte Pacheco Pereira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brooke" title="James Brooke">James Brooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campuzano_Polanco_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Campuzano Polanco family">Jose Campuzano-Polanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fajardo_(Spanish_Navy_officer)" title="Luis Fajardo (Spanish Navy officer)">Luis Fajardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Enr%C3%ADquez_(privateer)" title="Miguel Enríquez (privateer)">Miguel Enríquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Men%C3%A9ndez_de_Avil%C3%A9s" title="Pedro Menéndez de Avilés">Pedro Menéndez de Avilés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Pompey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Avery_Hornsby" title="Richard Avery Hornsby">Richard Avery Hornsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Maynard" title="Robert Maynard">Robert Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Warren_(Royal_Navy_officer)" title="Thomas Warren (Royal Navy officer)">Thomas Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodes_Rogers" title="Woodes Rogers">Woodes Rogers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Pirate ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adventure_Galley" title="Adventure Galley">Adventure Galley</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Light_(ship)" title="Ambrose Light (ship)">Ambrose Light</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fancy_(ship)" title="Fancy (ship)">Fancy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flying_Dutchman" title="Flying Dutchman">Flying Dutchman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ganj-i-Sawai" title="Ganj-i-Sawai">Ganj-i-Sawai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_Revenge" title="Queen Anne's Revenge">Queen Anne's Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quedagh_Merchant" title="Quedagh Merchant">Quedagh Merchant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CSS_McRae" title="CSS McRae">Marquis of Havana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_de_Clisson" title="Jeanne de Clisson">My Revenge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_Roberts" title="Bartholomew Roberts">Royal Fortune</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saladin_(barque)" title="Saladin (barque)">Saladin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whydah_Gally" title="Whydah Gally">Whydah Gally</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MV_York" title="MV York">York</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Pirate battles and incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pirate_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pirate_Flag.svg/100px-Pirate_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pirate_Flag.svg/150px-Pirate_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pirate_Flag.svg/200px-Pirate_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="470" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1582_Cagayan_battles" title="1582 Cagayan battles">1582 Cagayan battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Lahad_Datu_ambush" title="1985 Lahad Datu ambush">1985 Lahad Datu ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_9_November_1822" title="Action of 9 November 1822">Action of 9 November 1822</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_28_October_2007" title="Action of 28 October 2007">Action of 28 October 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_11_November_2008" title="Action of 11 November 2008">Action of 11 November 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2009_raid_off_Somalia" title="April 2009 raid off Somalia">Action of 9 April 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_23_March_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 23 March 2010">Action of 23 March 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_1_April_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 1 April 2010">Action of 1 April 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_5_April_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Action of 5 April 2010">Action of 5 April 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea_anti-piracy_operations_of_the_United_States" title="Aegean Sea anti-piracy operations of the United States">Anti-piracy in the Aegean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_of_Boston" title="Antelope of Boston">Antelope incident</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anti-piracy in the West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Veracruz" title="Attack on Veracruz">Attack on Veracruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_expedition_to_Balanguingui" title="Spanish expedition to Balanguingui">Balanguingui Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Boca_Teacapan" title="Battle of Boca Teacapan">Battle of Boca Teacapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Fear_River_(1718)" title="Battle of Cape Fear River (1718)">Battle of Cape Fear River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Lopez" title="Battle of Cape Lopez">Battle of Cape Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doro_Passage" title="Battle of Doro Passage">Battle of Doro Passage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganj-i-Sawai" title="Ganj-i-Sawai">Battle of Mandab Strait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1574)" title="Battle of Manila (1574)">Battle of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Minicoy_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle off Minicoy Island">Battle off Minicoy Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Mukah" title="Battle off Mukah">Battle off Mukah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nam_Quan" title="Battle of Nam Quan">Battle of Nam Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_New_Orleans" title="Battle of New Orleans">Battle of New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackbeard" title="Blackbeard">Battle of Ocracoke Inlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pianosa" title="Battle of Pianosa">Battle of Pianosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Leotung" title="Battle of the Leotung">Battle of the Leotung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Tiger%27s_Mouth" title="Battle of the Tiger's Mouth">Battle of the Tiger's Mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tonkin_River" title="Battle of Tonkin River">Battle of Tonkin River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ty-ho_Bay" title="Battle of Ty-ho Bay">Battle of Ty-ho Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tysami" title="Battle of Tysami">Battle of Tysami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Beluga_Nomination_incident" title="MV Beluga Nomination incident"><i>Beluga Nomination</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Vane" title="Charles Vane">Blockade of Charleston (Vane)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chepo_expedition" title="Chepo expedition">Chepo Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Light_(ship)" title="Ambrose Light (ship)">Capture of the <i>Ambrose Light</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_John_%22Calico_Jack%22_Rackham" title="Capture of John "Calico Jack" Rackham">Capture of John "Calico Jack" Rackham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_schooner_Bravo" title="Capture of the schooner Bravo">Capture of the schooner <i>Bravo</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_schooner_Fancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of the schooner Fancy">Capture of the schooner <i>Fancy</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_sloop_Anne" title="Capture of the sloop Anne">Capture of the sloop <i>Anne</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carr%C3%A9_d%27As_IV_incident" title="Carré d'As IV incident"><i>Carré d'As IV</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Hong_Dan_incident" title="Dai Hong Dan incident"><i>Dai Hong Dan</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falklands_Expedition" title="Falklands Expedition">Falklands Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Patrol" title="Great Lakes Patrol">Great Lakes Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_incident" title="Irene incident"><i>Irene</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiajing_wokou_raids" title="Jiajing wokou raids">Jiajing wokou raids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maersk_Alabama_hijacking" title="Maersk Alabama hijacking"><i>Maersk Alabama</i> hijacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT_Zafirah_hijacking" title="MT Zafirah hijacking">MT <i>Zafirah</i> hijacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT_Orkim_Harmony_hijacking" title="MT Orkim Harmony hijacking">MT <i>Orkim Harmony</i> hijacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Moscow_University_hijacking" title="MV Moscow University hijacking">MV <i>Moscow University</i> hijacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Star_affair" title="North Star affair"><i>North Star</i> affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Horn_of_Africa" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa">Operation Enduring Freedom – HOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Atalanta" title="Operation Atalanta">Operation Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dawn_of_Gulf_of_Aden" title="Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden">Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dawn_8:_Gulf_of_Aden" title="Operation Dawn 8: Gulf of Aden">Operation Dawn 8: Gulf of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ocean_Shield" title="Operation Ocean Shield">Operation Ocean Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf_campaign_of_1809" title="Persian Gulf campaign of 1809">Persian Gulf Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_border_attacks_in_Sabah" title="Cross border attacks in Sabah">Pirate attacks in Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SY_Quest_incident" title="SY Quest incident"><i>Quest</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Cartagena_(1683)" title="Raid on Cartagena (1683)">Raid on Cartagena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Baltimore" title="Sack of Baltimore">Sack of Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Campeche_(1663)" title="Sack of Campeche (1663)">Sack of Campeche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Pirates" title="Salvador Pirates">Salvador Pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slave_raid_of_Su%C3%B0uroy" title="Slave raid of Suðuroy">Slave raid of Suðuroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Abductions" title="Turkish Abductions">Turkish Abductions</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Piracy law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_grace_(piracy)" title="Acts of grace (piracy)">Acts of grace</a> (<a href="/wiki/1717%E2%80%931718_Acts_of_Grace" title="1717–1718 Acts of Grace">1717–1718 Acts of Grace</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_piracy_law" title="International piracy law">International piracy law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_of_marque" title="Letter of marque">Letter of marque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Declaration_Respecting_Maritime_Law" title="Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law">Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_Act" title="Piracy Act">Piracy Act</a> (<a href="/wiki/Offences_at_Sea_Act_1536" title="Offences at Sea Act 1536">1536</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piracy_Act_1698" title="Piracy Act 1698">1698</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transportation_Act_1717" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation Act 1717">1717</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piracy_Act_1721" title="Piracy Act 1721">1721</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piracy_Act_1837" title="Piracy Act 1837">1837</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piracy_Act_1850" title="Piracy Act 1850">1850</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_Law_of_1820" class="mw-redirect" title="Piracy Law of 1820">Piracy Law of 1820</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">Slave trade</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Africa" title="Slavery in Africa">African slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Slave_Trade_Patrol" title="African Slave Trade Patrol">African Slave Trade Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Amistad" title="La Amistad"><i>Amistad</i> Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_slave_trade" title="Barbary slave trade">Barbary slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Africa" title="Blockade of Africa">Blockade of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Veloz_Passagera" title="Capture of the Veloz Passagera">Capture of the <i>Veloz Passagera</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_brig_Brillante" title="Capture of the brig Brillante">Capture of the brig <i>Brillante</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_slave_trade" title="Indian Ocean slave trade">Indian Ocean slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Saharan_slave_trade" title="Trans-Saharan slave trade">Trans-Saharan slave trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Pirates_in_the_arts_and_popular_culture" title="Pirates in the arts and popular culture">Pirates in<br />popular<br />culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_pirates" title="List of fictional pirates">Fictional pirates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Askeladd" title="Askeladd">Askeladd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ayrton" title="Tom Ayrton">Tom Ayrton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbeard_(comics)" title="Redbeard (comics)">Barbe Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Birdseye" title="Captain Birdseye">Captain Birdseye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Blood_(novel)" title="Captain Blood (novel)">Captain Blood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonaldland" title="McDonaldland">Captain Crook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Flint" title="Captain Flint">Captain Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Hook" title="Captain Hook">Captain Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Nemo" title="Captain Nemo">Captain Nemo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Pugwash" title="Captain Pugwash">Captain Pugwash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Sabertooth" title="Captain Sabertooth">Captain Sabertooth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Stingaree" title="Captain Stingaree">Captain Stingaree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_de_Berry" title="Charlotte de Berry">Charlotte de Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davy_Jones_(Pirates_of_the_Caribbean)" title="Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean)">Davy Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Kenway" title="Edward Kenway">Edward Kenway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Marley" title="Elaine Marley">Elaine Marley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Swann" title="Elizabeth Swann">Elizabeth Swann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franky_(One_Piece)" title="Franky (One Piece)">Franky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guybrush_Threepwood" title="Guybrush Threepwood">Guybrush Threepwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Barbossa" title="Hector Barbossa">Hector Barbossa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Sparrow" title="Jack Sparrow">Jack Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacquotte_Delahaye" title="Jacquotte Delahaye">Jacquotte Delahaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gaspar" title="José Gaspar">José Gaspar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshamee_Gibbs" title="Joshamee Gibbs">Joshamee Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_John_Silver" title="Long John Silver">Long John Silver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_D._Luffy" title="Monkey D. Luffy">Monkey D. Luffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaas_Montenegro" title="Vaas Montenegro">Vaas Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Smee" title="Mr. Smee">Mr. Smee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nami_(One_Piece)" title="Nami (One Piece)">Nami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Robin" title="Nico Robin">Nico Robin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roronoa_Zoro" title="Roronoa Zoro">Roronoa Zoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandokan" title="Sandokan">Sandokan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanji_(One_Piece)" title="Sanji (One Piece)">Sanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Tony_Chopper" title="Tony Tony Chopper">Tony Tony Chopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usopp" title="Usopp">Usopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Turner" title="Will Turner">Will Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_(G.I._Joe)" title="Zanzibar (G.I. Joe)">Zanzibar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_(novel)" title="The Pirate (novel)">The Pirate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pilot:_A_Tale_of_the_Sea" title="The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea">The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island" title="Treasure Island">Treasure Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Facing_the_Flag" title="Facing the Flag">Facing the Flag</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Stranger_Tides" title="On Stranger Tides">On Stranger Tides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jim_Hawkins_and_the_Curse_of_Treasure_Island" title="Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island">Jim Hawkins and the Curse of Treasure Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Castaways_of_the_Flying_Dutchman" title="Castaways of the Flying Dutchman">Castaways of the Flying Dutchman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Angel%27s_Command" title="The Angel's Command">The Angel's Command</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyage_of_Slaves" title="Voyage of Slaves">Voyage of Slaves</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Long_John_Silver_(comics)" title="Long John Silver (comics)">Long John Silver</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Latitudes" title="Pirate Latitudes">Pirate Latitudes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mistress_of_the_Seas" title="Mistress of the Seas">Mistress of the Seas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silver_(Motion_novel)" title="Silver (Motion novel)">Silver: Return to Treasure Island</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tropes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buried_treasure" title="Buried treasure">Buried treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davy_Jones%27s_locker" title="Davy Jones's locker">Davy Jones's locker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyepatch" title="Eyepatch">Eyepatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jolly_Roger" title="Jolly Roger">Jolly Roger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skull_and_crossbones_(symbol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skull and crossbones (symbol)">skull and crossbones</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keelhauling" title="Keelhauling">Keelhauling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marooning" title="Marooning">Marooning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_purchase,_no_pay" title="No purchase, no pay">No purchase, no pay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegleg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegleg">Pegleg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companion_parrot" title="Companion parrot">Pet parrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_code" title="Pirate code">Pirate code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_utopia" title="Pirate utopia">Pirate utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_map" title="Treasure map">Treasure map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_the_plank" title="Walking the plank">Walking the plank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_pirate" title="Air pirate">Air pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_space_pirates" title="List of space pirates">Space pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Talk_Like_a_Pirate_Day" title="International Talk Like a Pirate Day">International Talk Like a Pirate Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirates_versus_Ninjas" title="Pirates versus Ninjas">Pirates versus Ninjas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_General_History_of_the_Pyrates" title="A General History of the Pyrates">A General History of the Pyrates</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Charles_Johnson" title="Captain Charles Johnson">Captain Charles Johnson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truce_of_Ratisbon" title="Truce of Ratisbon">Truce of Ratisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Round" title="Pirate Round">Pirate Round</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mutiny" title="Mutiny">Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matelotage" title="Matelotage">Matelotage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_kidnappings" title="Piracy kidnappings">Piracy kidnappings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Meta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pirates" title="List of pirates">Pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pirate_films_and_television_series" title="List of pirate films and television series">Pirate films and TV series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_privateers" title="List of privateers">Privateers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_attacked_by_Somali_pirates" title="List of ships attacked by Somali pirates">List of ships attacked by Somali pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_piracy" title="Timeline of piracy">Timeline of piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_piracy" title="Women in piracy">Women in piracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Barbary_pirates" class="mw-disambig" title="Category:Barbary pirates">Barbary pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pirates_by_nationality" title="Category:Pirates by nationality">By nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Female_pirates" title="Category:Female pirates">Female pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fictional_pirates" title="Category:Fictional pirates">Fictional pirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Piracy" title="Category:Piracy">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Piracy_by_year" title="Category:Piracy by year">Piracy by year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pirates" title="Category:Pirates">Pirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/29px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/44px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/58px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="490" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Piracy" title="Portal:Piracy">Piracy portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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.navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/21px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/32px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 1.5x, 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/20px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/30px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/40px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="490" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Piracy" title="Portal:Piracy">Piracy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" 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