CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134157dcd792ec8',cH: 'XUT9YtgPQsp693n2nN9KVogWKenHPp6GrWanOd8gOXU-1739777551-1.2.1.1-ugYMntSP30gDjZ3VG2z.hHfwjs2UlK0r6o4oZ6FdsHtCRmVetffVbxgGdm0ULr3c',cUPMDTk: "\/10008673.pdf?__cf_chl_tk=TnYgb1HwSPinPbLTi0KS6G20OUyLSSZibcm_a7aarVc-1739777551-1.0.1.1-3yuFm2uuIHw.N2cZkYjj0cyadH4MX8SKrCvJwYtORdE",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739777551',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10008673.pdf?__cf_chl_f_tk=TnYgb1HwSPinPbLTi0KS6G20OUyLSSZibcm_a7aarVc-1739777551-1.0.1.1-3yuFm2uuIHw.N2cZkYjj0cyadH4MX8SKrCvJwYtORdE",md: "OfM0mGQRO2Nj7IH7tJ8zazmCjozHAqc7uLQVjokGKHI-1739777551-1.2.1.1-JsY5mVx86ClcA5fUKaJa_IMdQKWDcb1AKYf0GzdhRT.O68NUM72epfnmlRwOu2p.h26myOhFVdgnPhsEmDgYQFQJ0ORk2q2H.4NrRACrZssZwNiqahMheRyeQANdQ9cFWOHdMcETF_cEkNKfjVlJRVJ_vLu9_LKvDr_pSUztDFEVO53sP3K6zzSPE8rUwF4GgEVfX7hfIEMQvBNlbyV5PNdm9M9gSS95DkhDH70KtD_CUcoejsx4_0hXF1KWxOEUDEj4gRmkMYxyr0hzPc2DrY04Ddf5GZhwalOF6wcNWGPxVzBofkVe59taCofMnkCnDBUbHUwm.dzCsxduKYzbfnolZ_.7nSDj2n4Rfzl_BSRyfeKz.xjR3hfxLIF8NYK8YvITAnAqMf5b7ogi6HXD29wny9O.uBnDWsQ0Cf5hDUEjtSdaQaFAB.slEcBZgMT5am72e3u1ltx7FjEGGMDSRMDXkagfIAWohynMGsPyT24RcHCG_p.QCPVKkUkApSHiFtxihmQ20esHeuDbzR7mvUTmuqgqNmurG1h.30_isFua10XmwwI5ZNIJYsFj62BT.Q2iyrSBlH4JkivvaDbGQZu6HlSNwPOPhoNifRmDicLAOY3SW4eNnv8yi4RCnjC8jCkAGUb9XtJwbLDvs7zU5iU3Y0Cu7ViGW6pJWVEpFsA4bjELK28smel1FnJhhUTzbrWYVrhudVTZ1vRSo9YIq72QGS_1xWEFcYPekEjR64UWiL.9Rsm7Ego0JIkXjNQccIw9eWLgU0I5FabAYZnojipzRZ8kUnn5.SLcy8aPbi4TZCOsubzR_X.lupbSp56qisv8W9BaLt7W8xPRQ5E4Srx5Vz.SSAomNvNkg4aFuk8Mfsm1qrb3fPoOowCarWFkgnE_z124XVLbe61s.D9M30KwDG6AmkL2MfEz.Pchm0ewKbH.RsU63w2DYB6eXHheddlAmCzdiGBidc1vbEVqpoDOjWdzwn6RaX.N.hOgPcmhxLlLNJ0o59G6_pRnZXCI88EWdPPV3dWQUIwm9rZrSTrW4QO3yLvtiF74CZ.34T0JvDvxUtsf9SEZWrhu0TdlojKMj4diYxDf9cV5xMv.kjrWoHQ.tFlOt9aACxUodbwD6fL8GoRs6BMwRw_O8qwKC713NHgC9TWqfM6mf8Rcr7M1V3a1IsfP9OyqiwXl6xbUPXF01mdNSjLC2Ci9ZQshOOwAPfibS1rYe_DAgSjvvinNtb7SfiP48OjO0avRaC8ACgcjjxaLn0rMocqcUxV6Dvz5ZJCysZHZ8K.hIOUQFTC_l1Gg0s9Kx.hmztTD4KmGBeVHeUIZe3hLDooTuEMSiiI7QYd7Pu5_bI7RnUJNc9YO3rH79ybGxgQ0jVUwC6rhOk9psOP.6kt26qEFWpGuIj0BhhEeG6fWX.PypDQJRlJ13cvsX0noCruG1NIZTIvVrNylsQ9XR0Ophgo0812EmQSg_uAL5EFmz39z3zBEqPTiUDhIQMrKUQ1w.RHHH5jYnFXEV4f5suu1WeEbDIf8ZkcpKHAtjuEh9Da1dWnI.6XN527CYYRq9rSpSogM4Yc1sM5LBn_9blMdJq_YnTm_U9AcpIbb5dPE2gT54C8L5XNsa4M4BinMj6voBgE_zzrhcSYEwYlrQrpJ1biDtYfJZNtlYP9E8zDzhhuyaAQNpkEPcnVn4U6MvcDwffxP_ElUf0gL_pRzP_VauAqTmZvQWen9XZ0NAwok7N7gHOWh7iVjNTt7IzgyHlSVh4EKX9BnQouEE20RPI72VUTVDNP1UXFTbHdSFCr6Mb1ofXk_r8pilQ0kUVt.qa.B4ozfktNLUUawFc9UevFam0YWEZn_bWvAsOtXcHZvMYCvlq616JpHauvwTgw8nQNMhNnG3x0",mdrd: "lpLHO5N34f3WNdQG8tUgmDvScdJnp1G1rWBpgwwJf9s-1739777551-1.2.1.1-P4jYLiYnhPLylpo_VDJRzAp7EwoopAJ_NwmfN_obpUcKlJxR7D.xolScb2IIrFurZ8iOP.NvH7fDTmh5BEFyhtroVJmZ9IKMH970HXmEctzL_9a2VGHddUkIFChxdPviKeEZ8hJr25lICXD_JwAWpRHcJ3d1XsK8J516apefagrmo3PeSMiheQw6Aho7xwmZGId14tUST_6m9Ppe1rTbvZznWlcqZfjD5ae3NmFGTg8tgrKX09tbbE370jx3ZLw_VHMlp7Xv23Mv_MXIziGtsqdpMKcfeed2eX_sg94n4dUPo4qjNyNrcrHbdtQ60uFwnZMDMIvei3o9SxpulN.Pma7kxhL2u1Fdi_LGJvsgev675J3Ai_BRA4q07mQ2BfSZi1ExJ653wGl_RR8mgGGAG.QA3BDB43kHSbKJpQdcaGo1LIHJZ1.78loPDIXaM.MxQe.FOHF.s6KBmp4Fzz3bOFSQV5IFOhRGrvdJ7SJAQUX.pICVwdPkEjaqIvDfTojLl__ZRebhh0Sh.q2YXchwjUO6nXqpvEPRwyyGrSzQ.O5D0Jc6FS93VgAo21Cz2KO6lewPamkL.LY1bHEndwPj1HKAV6Jc3iwCAIQfLU3hebj7vAXOC_vbXmlOdVaxYvytFxA34jE07J1.9L4XYXQoayUDomGqmxcG7xJ0JW2KVSqmWOfRCbfDO.6ug2PrSZLdDc8TITV8GvzI7bymi6VJbh5I_Kgmcwal8wfmtGAxJqNCElxpEo4eB2JIJM0UL7Av.N4fJ1_XqnOX1OjJcRkQIYVGEYdoNXIZ2rpbD7rWW9JOoqX1.BL9drJm3HyJalbupO_DElm9oWAMs4PxhT0YY_tqhOsR0NLQv2tIEOgXD78zn5PvpScUblgHlq3ffV7QEskTZk_d_a1K8Oof6V2y6sz60hYaYe1I3PVZHkILA8d8z5a0fkhGHiye09GmZJbYqDBpngdedUz0GHYMxu8xNAvrFd6Lky4r.YDSnrfyx5RzUmxJfpaaFYN9LVdt6tyRVBq4OiLgDr_Ge8r4uiB0sMxS53CWaWgpvdFvpV91S.G6tsUHLxdlTEqqiUdjge4EoVnXC7aXRXup_bPB6hn4TPEcYvr.O2b8QAp7o44blyu1I2DP5uigniptFiMhx8dO2dtG3TpfLDpUi15Rd9OwwxiVizrc6S4WPA3eglycAlI1PP4HFKOJYhAauDTHN6jFYkIthg7Vvcs0v_v8S5W0iRlbIw_wIXyLAcDp7qVM3Gz3HdY5qhjacEWxPl3521j8otEJCXcUB0q19K0X.Hpz.wmj.d7TxY9Bq.oKMDKZ83D7_.wpnJwhfcq5fhvIEw3poDn2r0AdMsJM6.q.SUgYxAYp02GDVeCnqMOsLPC5.EPqX1VqVbsW6HY6WCvTNvZeRA78XfilZXYUj3Ngl4Z0Ac7rjcPOXQAs9Jawf04aRLO5OFgtgFi.P2.lSz5ndhVSX234QajubeSDhckLpJK3PnWozaH4sCh18.YaK.3fmEZv_zbCIqsmGYUNl7McgOP6MQWJmZB61coIfCherqQJ21fziKAnqWcFyAXgQNZ8eeFXvACR7tvfLBtR5nn1_vjnoRHCkEORY8pWGCr2u9FOLEKqed41sBAFfK_Ff4ra5hZdbQZ9drwBkFKzUFuplUtlkjzjlX6FTljGmnqiJvmI5iNmo.a.0wEtcbmycrmxoiLrA5Ud77OXraZ3bJsvOY2lbLVXLtyWbbkorifWMACn.1UR.BnS8Or3XzGQIztcBGLHnvkgxV8lcYEkUQ4JgmLR1newndKVstex1xRvYeLyEcAfS2OtXIZtlY2ldVxj480UqHGu_IP6HR2Ym8UO5Mco0MgRFqPKPFlpGQsDTvBix5TBbVDk8hwtj6io5xE81DH.4OAnH0dFcJDjzitj0V4puockgFVtjFMGG0Z5PjAKgWbUHz_Ym2YFqs4qdKChIgvLNySliKLktE5P2yNXg2kP"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134157dcd792ec8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10008673.pdf?__cf_chl_rt_tk=TnYgb1HwSPinPbLTi0KS6G20OUyLSSZibcm_a7aarVc-1739777551-1.0.1.1-3yuFm2uuIHw.N2cZkYjj0cyadH4MX8SKrCvJwYtORdE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>