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impact</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: friction impact"> <meta name="keywords" content="friction impact"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="friction impact"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11733</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: friction impact</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11553</span> Microstructure Analysis of TI-6AL-4V Friction Stir Welded Joints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Leo">P. Leo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Cerri"> E. Cerri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Fratini"> L. Fratini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Buffa"> G. Buffa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Friction Stir Welding process uses an inert rotating mandrel and a force on the mandrel normal to the plane of the sheets to generate the frictional heat. The heat and the stirring action of the mandrel create a bond between the two sheets without melting the base metal. As matter of fact, the use of a solid state welding process limits the insurgence of defects, due to the presence of gas in melting bath, and avoids the negative effects of materials metallurgical transformation strictly connected with the change of phase. The industrial importance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is well known. It provides an exceptional good balance of strength, ductility, fatigue and fracture properties together with good corrosion resistance and good metallurgical stability. In this paper, the authors analyze the microstructure of friction stir welded joints of Ti-6Al-4V processed at the same travel speed (35 mm/min) but at different rotation speeds (300-500 rpm). The microstructure of base material (BM), as result from both optical microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis is not homogenous. It is characterized by distorted α/β lamellar microstructure together with smashed zone of fragmented β layer and β retained grain boundary phase. The BM has been welded in the-as received state, without any previous heat treatment. Even the microstructure of the transverse and longitudinal sections of joints is not homogeneous. Close to the top of weld cross sections a much finer microstructure than the initial condition has been observed, while in the center of the joints the microstructure is less refined. Along longitudinal sections, the microstructure is characterized by equiaxed grains and lamellae. Both the length and area fraction of lamellas increases with distance from longitudinal axis. The hardness of joints is higher than that of BM. As the process temperature increases the average microhardness slightly decreases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title=" microhardness"> microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti-6Al-4V" title=" Ti-6Al-4V"> Ti-6Al-4V</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27604/microstructure-analysis-of-ti-6al-4v-friction-stir-welded-joints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11552</span> Load Carrying Capacity of Soils Reinforced with Encased Stone Columns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chandrakaran">S. Chandrakaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Govind"> G. Govind</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stone columns are effectively used to improve bearing strength of soils and also for many geotechnical applications. In soft soils when stone columns are loaded they undergo large settlements due to insufficient lateral confinement. Use of geosynthetics encasement has proved to be a solution for this problem. In this paper, results of a laboratory experimental study carried out with model stone columns with and without encasement. Sand was used for making test beds, and grain size of soil varies from 0.075mm to 4.75mm. Woven geotextiles produced by Gareware ropes India with mass per unit area of 240gm/M2 and having tensile strength of 52KN/m is used for the present investigation. Tests were performed with large scale direct shear box and also using scaled laboratory plate load tests. Stone column of 50mm and 75mm is used for the present investigation. Diameter of stone column, size of stones used for making stone columns is varied in making stone column in the present study. Two types of stone were used namely small and bigger in size. Results indicate that there is an increase in angle of internal friction and also an increase in the shear strength of soil when stone columns are encased. With stone columns with 50mm dia, an average increase of 7% in shear strength and 4.6 % in angle of internal friction was achieved. When large stones were used increase in the shear strength was 12.2%, and angle of internal friction was increased to 5.4%. When the stone column diameter has increased to 75mm increase in shear strength and angle of internal friction was increased with smaller size of stones to 7.9 and 7.5%, and with large size stones, it was 7.7 and 5.48% respectively. Similar results are obtained in plate load tests, also. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20columns" title="stone columns">stone columns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encasement" title=" encasement"> encasement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plate%20load%20test" title=" plate load test"> plate load test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76343/load-carrying-capacity-of-soils-reinforced-with-encased-stone-columns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11551</span> The Effect of Adhesion on the Frictional Hysteresis Loops at a Rough Interface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bazrafshan">M. Bazrafshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20B.%20de%20Rooij"> M. B. de Rooij</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20J.%20Schipper"> D. J. Schipper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frictional hysteresis is the phenomenon in which mechanical contacts are subject to small (compared to contact area) oscillating tangential displacements. In the presence of adhesion at the interface, the contact repulsive force increases leading to a higher static friction force and pre-sliding displacement. This paper proposes a boundary element model (BEM) for the adhesive frictional hysteresis contact at the interface of two contacting bodies of arbitrary geometries. In this model, adhesion is represented by means of a Dugdale approximation of the total work of adhesion at local areas with a very small gap between the two bodies. The frictional contact is divided into sticking and slipping regions in order to take into account the transition from stick to slip (pre-sliding regime). In the pre-sliding regime, the stick and slip regions are defined based on the local values of shear stress and normal pressure. In the studied cases, a fixed normal force is applied to the interface and the friction force varies in such a way to start gross sliding in one direction reciprocally. For the first case, the problem is solved at the smooth interface between a ball and a flat for different values of work of adhesion. It is shown that as the work of adhesion increases, both static friction and pre-sliding distance increase due to the increase in the contact repulsive force. For the second case, the rough interface between a glass ball against a silicon wafer and a DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) coating is considered. The work of adhesion is assumed to be identical for both interfaces. As adhesion depends on the interface roughness, the corresponding contact repulsive force is different for these interfaces. For the smoother interface, a larger contact repulsive force and consequently, a larger static friction force and pre-sliding distance are observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20element%20model" title="boundary element model">boundary element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frictional%20hysteresis" title=" frictional hysteresis"> frictional hysteresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-sliding" title=" pre-sliding"> pre-sliding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98974/the-effect-of-adhesion-on-the-frictional-hysteresis-loops-at-a-rough-interface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11550</span> On a Determination of Residual Stresses and Wear Resistance of Thermally Sprayed Stainless Steel Coating </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merzak%20Laribi">Merzak Laribi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmadjid%20Kasser"> Abdelmadjid Kasser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal spraying processes are widely used to produce coatings on original constructions as well as in repair and maintenance of long standing structures. A lot of efforts forwarding to develop thermal spray coatings technology have been focused on improving mechanical characteristics, minimizing residual stress level and reducing porosity of the coatings. The specific aim of this paper is to determine either residual stresses distribution or wear resistance of stainless steel coating thermally sprayed on a carbon steel substrate. Internal stresses determination was performed using an extensometric method in combination with a simultaneous progressive electrolytic polishing. The procedure consists of measuring micro-deformations using a bi-directional extensometric gauges glued on the substrate side of the materials. Very thin layers of the deposits are removed by electrochemical polishing across the sample surface. Micro-deformations are instantaneously measured, leading to residual stresses calculation after each removal. Wear resistance of the coating has been determined using a ball-on-plate tribometer. Friction coefficient is instantaneously measured during the tribological test. Attention was particularly focused on the influence of a post-annealing at 850 °C for one hour in vacuum either on the residual stresses distribution or on the wear resistance behavior under specific wear and lubrication conditions. The obtained results showed that the microstructure of the obtained arc sprayed stainless steel coating is classical. It is homogeneous and contains un-melted particles, metallic oxides and also pores and micro-cracks. The internal stresses are in compression in the coating. They are more or less scattered between -50 and -270 MPa on the surface and decreased more at the interface. The value at the surface of the substrate is about –700 MPa, partially due to the molten particles impact with the substrate. The post annealing has reduced the residual stresses in both coating and surface of the steel substrate so that the hole material becomes more relaxed. Friction coefficient has an average value of 0.3 and 0.4 respectively for non annealed and annealed specimen. It is rather oil lubrication which is really benefit so that friction coefficient is decreased to about 0.06. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title="residual stresses">residual stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20spraying" title=" thermal spraying"> thermal spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annealing" title=" annealing"> annealing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lubrication" title=" lubrication"> lubrication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124899/on-a-determination-of-residual-stresses-and-wear-resistance-of-thermally-sprayed-stainless-steel-coating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11549</span> Morphological, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties Investigations of CMTed Parts of Al-5356 Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antar%20Bouhank">Antar Bouhank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youcef%20Beellal"> Youcef Beellal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Adjel"> Samir Adjel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmadjid%20Ababsa"> Abdelmadjid Ababsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the impact of 3D printing parameters using the cold metal transfer (CMT) technique on the morphological, mechanical, and tribological properties of walls and massive parts made from aluminum alloy. The parameters studied include current intensity, torch movement speed, printing increment, and the flow rate of shielding gas. The manufactured parts, using the technique mentioned above, are walls and massive parts with different filling strategies, using grid and zigzag patterns and at different current intensities. The main goal of the article is to find out the welding parameters suitable for having parts with low defects and improved properties from the previously mentioned properties point of view. It has been observed from the results thus obtained that the high current intensity causes rapid solidification, resulting in high porosity and low hardness values. However, the high current intensity can cause very rapid solidification, which increases the melting point, and the part remains in the most stable shape. Furthermore, the results show that there is an evident relationship between hardness, coefficient of friction and wear test where the high intensity is, the low hardness is. The same note is for the coefficient of friction. The micrography of the walls shows a random granular structure with fine grain boundaries with a diﬀerent grain size. Some interesting results are presented in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20alloy" title="aluminum alloy">aluminum alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructures" title=" microstructures"> microstructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187724/morphological-mechanical-and-tribological-properties-investigations-of-cmted-parts-of-al-5356-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11548</span> Effect of TERGITOL NP-9 and PEG-10 Oleyl Phosphate as Surfactant and Corrosion Inhibitor on Tribo-Corrosion Performance of Carbon Steel in Emulsion-Based Drilling Fluids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadjavad%20Palimi">Mohammadjavad Palimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Y.%20Li"> D. Y. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kuru"> E. Kuru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emulsion-based drilling fluids containing mineral oil are commonly used for drilling operations, which generate a lubricating film to prevent direct contact between moving metal parts, thus reducing friction, wear, and corrosion. For long-lasting lubrication, the thin lubricating film formed on the metal surface should possess good anti-wear and anti-corrosion capabilities. This study aims to investigate the effects of two additives, TERGITOL NP-9 and PEG-10 oleyl phosphate, acting as surfactant and corrosion inhibitor, respectively, on the tribo-corrosion behavior of 1018 carbon steel immersed in 5% KCl solution at room temperature. A pin-on-disc tribometer attached to an electrochemical system was used to investigate the corrosive wear of the steel immersed in emulsion-based fluids containing the surfactant and corrosion inhibitor. The wear track, surface chemistry and composition of the protective film formed on the steel surface were analyzed with an optical profilometer, SEM, and SEM-EDX. Results of the study demonstrate that the performance of the emulsion-based drilling fluids was significantly improved by the corrosion inhibitor by a remarkable reduction in corrosion, coefficient of friction (COF) and wear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20inhibitor" title="corrosion inhibitor">corrosion inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion-based%20drilling%20fluid" title=" emulsion-based drilling fluid"> emulsion-based drilling fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribo-corrosion" title=" tribo-corrosion"> tribo-corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162731/effect-of-tergitol-np-9-and-peg-10-oleyl-phosphate-as-surfactant-and-corrosion-inhibitor-on-tribo-corrosion-performance-of-carbon-steel-in-emulsion-based-drilling-fluids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11547</span> Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Friction-Restricted Growth and Buckling of Elastic Fibers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20L.%20Varkonyi">Peter L. Varkonyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20A.%20Sipos"> Andras A. Sipos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quasi-static growth of elastic fibers is studied in the presence of distributed contact with an immobile surface, subject to isotropic dry or viscous friction. Unlike classical problems of elastic stability modelled by autonomous dynamical systems with multiple time scales (slowly varying bifurcation parameter, and fast system dynamics), this problem can only be formulated as a non-autonomous system without time scale separation. It is found that the fibers initially converge to a trivial, straight configuration, which is later replaced by divergence reminiscent of buckling phenomena. In order to capture the loss of stability, a new definition of exponential stability against infinitesimal perturbations for systems defined over finite time intervals is developed. A semi-analytical method for the determination of the critical length based on eigenvalue analysis is proposed. The post-critical behavior of the fibers is studied numerically by using variational methods. The emerging post-critical shapes and the asymptotic behavior as length goes to infinity are identified for simple spatial distributions of growth. Comparison with physical experiments indicates reasonable accuracy of the theoretical model. Some applications from modeling plant root growth to the design of soft manipulators in robotics are briefly discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastica" title=" elastica"> elastica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80631/analytical-and-numerical-investigation-of-friction-restricted-growth-and-buckling-of-elastic-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11546</span> Microstructure and SEM Analysis of Joints Fabricated by FSW of Aluminum Alloys 5083 and 6063</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaskirat%20Singh">Jaskirat Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roshan%20Lal%20Virdi"> Roshan Lal Virdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khushdeep%20Goyal"> Khushdeep Goyal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to perform a microstructural analysis of Friction Stir Welded joints of aluminum alloys 6063 and 5083, also to check the properties of the weld zone by SEM analysis. FSW experiments were carried on CNC Vertical milling machine. The tools used for welding were the round cylindrical pin shape and square pin shape. It is found that Microstructure shows the uniformly distributed material with minimum heat affected zone and dense welded zone without any defect. Microstructures indicate that the weld material is defect free. The SEM shows the diffusion of material with base metal with proper bonding without any defect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20alloy" title=" aluminum alloy"> aluminum alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM%20analysis" title=" SEM analysis"> SEM analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6489/microstructure-and-sem-analysis-of-joints-fabricated-by-fsw-of-aluminum-alloys-5083-and-6063" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11545</span> Static and Dynamical Analysis on Clutch Discs on Different Material and Geometries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jairo%20Aparecido%20Martins">Jairo Aparecido Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Estaner%20Claro%20Rom%C3%A3o"> Estaner Claro Romão </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the static and cyclic stresses in combination with fatigue analysis resultant of loads applied on the friction discs usually utilized on industrial clutches. The material chosen to simulate the friction discs under load is aluminum. The numerical simulation was done by software COMSOL<sup>TM</sup> Multiphysics. The results obtained for static loads showed enough stiffness for both geometries and the material utilized. On the other hand, in the fatigue standpoint, failure is clearly verified, what demonstrates the importance of both approaches, mainly dynamical analysis. The results and the conclusion are based on the stresses on disc, counted stress cycles, and fatigue usage factor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title="aluminum">aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20clutch" title=" industrial clutch"> industrial clutch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20and%20dynamic%20loading" title=" static and dynamic loading"> static and dynamic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78651/static-and-dynamical-analysis-on-clutch-discs-on-different-material-and-geometries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11544</span> Two Dimensional Steady State Modeling of Temperature Profile and Heat Transfer of Electrohydrodynamically Enhanced Micro Heat Pipe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Shokouhmand">H. Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tajerian"> M. Tajerian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A numerical investigation of laminar forced convection flows through a square cross section micro heat pipe by applying electrohydrodynamic (EHD) field has been studied. In the present study, pentane is selected as working fluid. Temperature and velocity profiles and heat transfer enhancement in the micro heat pipe by using EHD field at the two-dimensional and single phase fluid flow in steady state regime have been numerically calculated. At this model, only Coulomb force is considered. The study has been carried out for the Reynolds number 10 to 100 and EHD force field up to 8 KV. Coupled, non-linear equations governed on the model (continuity, momentum, and energy equations) have been solved simultaneously by CFD numerical methods. Steady state behavior of affecting parameters, e.g. friction factor, average temperature, Nusselt number and heat transfer enhancement criteria, have been evaluated. It has been observed that by increasing Reynolds number, the effect of EHD force became more significant and for smaller Reynolds numbers the rate of heat transfer enhancement criteria is increased. By obtaining and plotting the mentioned parameters, it has been shown that the EHD field enhances the heat transfer process. The numerical results show that by increasing EHD force field the absolute value of Nusselt number and friction factor increases and average temperature of fluid flow decreases. But the increasing rate of Nusselt number is greater than increasing value of friction factor, which makes applying EHD force field for heat transfer enhancement in micro heat pipes acceptable and applicable. The numerical results of model are in good agreement with the experimental results available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20heat%20pipe" title="micro heat pipe">micro heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrohydrodynamic%20force" title=" electrohydrodynamic force"> electrohydrodynamic force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusselt%20number" title=" Nusselt number"> Nusselt number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20temperature" title=" average temperature"> average temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20factor" title=" friction factor"> friction factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72377/two-dimensional-steady-state-modeling-of-temperature-profile-and-heat-transfer-of-electrohydrodynamically-enhanced-micro-heat-pipe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11543</span> The Influence of Water Content on the Shear Resistance of Silty Sands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Boualem%20Salah">Mohamed Boualem Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work involves an experimental study of the behavior of chlef sand under effect of various parameters influencing on shear strength. Because of their distinct nature, sands, silts and clays exhibit completely different behavior (shear strength, the contracting and dilatancy, the angle of internal friction and cohesion etc.). By cons when these materials are mixed, their behavior will become different from each considered alone. The behavior of these mixtures (silty sands etc.) is currently the state of several studies to better use. We studied in this work: The influence of the following factors on the shear strength: (The density, the fines content, the water content). The apparatus used for the tests is the shear box casagrande. This device, although one may have some disadvantages and modern instrumentation is appropriate used to study the shear strength of soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title="behavior">behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silt" title=" silt"> silt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20angle" title=" friction angle"> friction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fines%20content" title=" fines content"> fines content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20content" title=" moisture content"> moisture content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18663/the-influence-of-water-content-on-the-shear-resistance-of-silty-sands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11542</span> Performance of Bored Pile on Alluvial Deposit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Raja%20Rajan">K. Raja Rajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Nagarajan"> D. Nagarajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bored cast in-situ pile is a popular choice amongst consultant and contractor due to the ability to adjust the pile length suitably in case if any variation found in the actual geological strata. Bangladesh geological strata are dominated by silt content. Design is normally based on field test such as Standard Penetration test N-values. Initially, pile capacity estimated through static formula with co-relation of N-value and angle of internal friction. Initial pile load test was conducted in order to validate the geotechnical parameters assumed in design. Initial pile load test was conducted on 1.5m diameter bored cast in-situ pile. Kentledge method is used to load the pile for 2.5 times of its working load. Initially, safe working load of pile has been estimated as 570T, so test load is fixed to 1425T. Max load applied is 777T for which the settlement reached around 155mm which is more than 10% of diameter of piles. Pile load test results was not satisfactory and compelled to increase the pile length approximately 20% of its total length. Due to unpredictable geotechnical parameters, length of each pile has been increased which is having a major impact on the project cost and as well as in project schedule. Extra bore holes have been planned along with lab test results in order to redefine the assumed geotechnical parameters. This article presents detailed design assumptions of geotechnical parameters in the design stage and the results of pile load test which made to redefine the assumed geotechnical properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20bearing" title="end bearing">end bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile%20load%20test" title=" pile load test"> pile load test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shaft%20friction" title=" shaft friction"> shaft friction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74868/performance-of-bored-pile-on-alluvial-deposit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11541</span> An Experimental Study on Heat and Flow Characteristics of Water Flow in Microtube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeynep%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCkak%C3%A7a">Zeynep Küçükakça</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nezaket%20Parlak"> Nezaket Parlak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesut%20G%C3%BCr"> Mesut Gür</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahsin%20Engin"> Tahsin Engin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk"> Hasan Küçük</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current research, the single phase fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are experimentally investigated. The experiments are conducted to cover transition zone for the Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 4800 by fused silica and stainless steel microtubes having diameters of 103-180 µm. The applicability of the Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) method is revealed and an experimental method is developed to calculate the heat transfer coefficient. Heat transfer is supplied by a water jacket surrounding the microtubes and heat transfer coefficients are obtained by LMTD method. The results are compared with data obtained by the correlations available in the literature in the study. The experimental results indicate that the Nusselt numbers of microtube flows do not accord with the conventional results when the Reynolds number is lower than 1000. After that, the Nusselt number approaches the conventional theory prediction. Moreover, the scaling effects in micro scale such as axial conduction, viscous heating and entrance effects are discussed. On the aspect of fluid characteristics, the friction factor is well predicted with conventional theory and the conventional friction prediction is valid for water flow through microtube with a relative surface roughness less than about 4 %. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microtube" title="microtube">microtube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminar%20flow" title=" laminar flow"> laminar flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20factor" title=" friction factor"> friction factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LMTD%20method" title=" LMTD method"> LMTD method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34123/an-experimental-study-on-heat-and-flow-characteristics-of-water-flow-in-microtube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11540</span> Determination of Forced Convection Heat Transfer Performance in Lattice Geometric Heat Sinks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayram%20Sahin">Bayram Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baris%20Gezdirici"> Baris Gezdirici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Ceylan"> Murat Ceylan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Ates"> Ibrahim Ates</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this experimental study, the effects of heat transfer and flow characteristics on lattice geometric heat sinks, where high rates of heat removal are required, were investigated. The design parameters were Reynolds number, the height of heat sink (H), horizontal (Sy) and vertical (Sx) distances between heat sinks. In the experiments, the Reynolds number ranged from 4000 to 20000; heat sink heights were (H) 20 mm and 40 mm; the distances (Sy) between the heat sinks in the flow direction were45 mm, 32 mm, 23.3 mm; the distances (Sx) between the heat sinks perpendicular to the flow direction were selected to be 23.3 mm, 12.5 mm and 6 mm. A total of 90 experiments were conducted and the maximum Nusselt number and minimum friction coefficient were targeted. Experimental results have shown that heat sinks in lattice geometry have a significant effect on heat transfer enhancement. Under the different experimental conditions, the highest increase in Nusselt number was 283% while the lowest increase was calculated as 66% as compared with the straight channel results. The lowest increase in the friction factor was also obtained as 173% according to the straight channel results. It is seen that the increase in heat sink height and flow velocity increased the level of turbulence in the channel, leading to higher Nusselt number and friction factor values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title="forced convection">forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20enhancement" title=" heat transfer enhancement"> heat transfer enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lattice%20geometric%20heat%20sinks" title=" lattice geometric heat sinks"> lattice geometric heat sinks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20drop" title=" pressure drop"> pressure drop</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90453/determination-of-forced-convection-heat-transfer-performance-in-lattice-geometric-heat-sinks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11539</span> Turbulent Boundary Layer over 3D Sinusoidal Roughness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misarah%20Abdelaziz">Misarah Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%20Djenidi"> L Djenidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mergen%20H.%20Ghayesh"> Mergen H. Ghayesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rey%20Chin"> Rey Chin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Measurements of a turbulent boundary layer over 3D sinusoidal roughness are performed for friction Reynolds numbers ranging from 650 < Reτ < 2700. This surface was fabricated by a Multicam CNC Router machine of an acrylic sheet to have an amplitude of k/2 = 0.8 mm and an equal wavelength of 8k in both streamwise and spanwise directions, a 0.6 mm stepover and 12 mm ball nose cutter was used. Single hotwire anemometry measurements are done at one location x=1.5 m downstream at different freestream velocities under zero-pressure gradient conditions. As expected, the roughness causes a downward shift on the wall-unit normalised streamwise mean velocity profile when compared to the smooth wall profile. The shift is increasing with increasing Reτ, 1.8 < ∆U+ < 6.2. The coefficient of friction is almost constant at all cases Cf = 0.0042 ± 0.0002. The results show a gradual reduction in the inner peak of profiles with increasing Reτ until fully destruction at Reτ of 2700. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotwire" title="hotwire">hotwire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TBL" title=" TBL"> TBL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZPG" title=" ZPG"> ZPG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136923/turbulent-boundary-layer-over-3d-sinusoidal-roughness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11538</span> Finite Element Modeling of Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadi%20Al-Badour">Fadi Al-Badour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesar%20Merah"> Nesar Merah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrahman%20Shuaib"> Abdelrahman Shuaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Bazoune"> Abdelaziz Bazoune</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current work, a Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) model is developed to simulate the friction stir welding (FSW) process of dissimilar Aluminum alloys (Al 6061-T6 with Al 5083-O). The model predicts volumetric defects, material flow, developed temperatures, and stresses in addition to tool reaction loads. Simulation of welding phase is performed by employing a control volume approach, whereas the welding speed is defined as inflow and outflow over Eulerian domain boundaries. Only material softening due to inelastic heat generation is considered and material behavior is assumed to obey Johnson-Cook’s Model. The model was validated using published experimentally measured temperatures, at similar welding conditions, and by qualitative comparison of dissimilar weld microstructure. The FE results showed that most of developed temperatures were below melting and that the bulk of the deformed material in solid state. The temperature gradient on AL6061-T6 side was found to be less than that of Al 5083-O. Changing the position Al 6061-T6 from retreating (Ret.) side to advancing (Adv.) side led to a decrease in maximum process temperature and strain rate. This could be due to the higher resistance of Al 6061-T6 to flow as compared to Al 5083-O. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissimilar%20metals" title=" dissimilar metals"> dissimilar metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20modeling" title=" finite element modeling"> finite element modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupled%20Eulerian%0D%0ALagrangian%20Analysis" title=" coupled Eulerian Lagrangian Analysis"> coupled Eulerian Lagrangian Analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2021/finite-element-modeling-of-friction-stir-welding-of-dissimilar-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11537</span> Enhancement of Tribological Behavior for Diesel Engine Piston of Solid Skirt by an Optimal Choice of Interface Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amara">M. Amara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tahar%20Abbes"> M. Tahar Abbes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Dokkiche"> A. Dokkiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Benbrike"> M. Benbrike</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shear stresses generate frictional forces thus lead to the reduction of engine performance due to the power losses. This friction can also cause damage to the piston material. Thus, the choice of an optimal material for the piston is necessary to improve the elastohydrodynamical contacts of the piston. In this study, to achieve this objective, an elastohydrodynamical lubrication model that satisfies the best tribological behavior of the piston with the optimum choice of material is developed. Several aluminum alloys composed of different components are studied in this simulation. An application is made on the piston 60 x 120 mm Diesel engine type F8L413 currently mounted on Deutz trucks TB230 by using different aluminum alloys where alloys based on aluminum-silicon have better tribological performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EHD%20lubricated%20contacts" title="EHD lubricated contacts">EHD lubricated contacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties%20of%20materials" title=" properties of materials"> properties of materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribological%20performance" title=" tribological performance"> tribological performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49879/enhancement-of-tribological-behavior-for-diesel-engine-piston-of-solid-skirt-by-an-optimal-choice-of-interface-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11536</span> Model Based Improvement of Ultrasound Assisted Transport of Cohesive Dry Powders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Dunst">Paul Dunst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ing.%20Tobias%20Hemsel"> Ing. Tobias Hemsel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ing.%20Habil.%20Walter%20Sextro"> Ing. Habil. Walter Sextro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of fine powders with high cohesive and adhesive properties leads to challenges during transport, mixing and dosing in industrial processes, which have not been satisfactorily solved so far. Due to the increased contact forces at the transporting parts (e. g. pipe-wall and transport screws), conventional transport systems and also vibratory conveyors reach their limits. Often, flowability increasing additives that need to be removed again in later process steps are the only option to achieve wanted transport results. A rather new ultrasound-assisted powder transport system showed to overcome some of the issues by manipulating the effective friction between powder and transport pipe. Within this contribution, the transport mechanism will be introduced shortly, together with preliminary transport results. As the tangential force of the transport pipe and the powder is the main influencing factor within the transport process, a test stand for measuring tangential forces of a powder-wall contact in the presence of an ultrasonic vibration orthogonal to the contact plane was built. Measurements for a sample powder show that the effective tangential force can already be significantly reduced at very low ultrasonic amplitude. As a result of the measurements, an empirical model for the relationship of tangential force, contact parameters and ultrasonic excitation is presented. This model was used to adjust the driving parameters of the powder transport system, resulting in better performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20transport" title="powder transport">powder transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20manipulation" title=" friction manipulation"> friction manipulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibratory%20conveyor" title=" vibratory conveyor"> vibratory conveyor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144040/model-based-improvement-of-ultrasound-assisted-transport-of-cohesive-dry-powders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11535</span> Dissimilar Cu/Al Friction Stir Welding: Sensitivity of the Tool Offset</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tran%20Hung%20Tra">Tran Hung Tra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Dinh%20Duong"> Hao Dinh Duong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masakazu%20Okazaki"> Masakazu Okazaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Copper 1100 and aluminum 1050 plates with a thickness of 5.0 mm are butt-joint using friction stir welding. The tool offset is linearly varied along the welding path. Two welding regimes, using the same linear tool offset but in opposite directions, are applied for fabricating two Cu/Al plates. The material flow is dominated by both tool offset and offset history. The intermetallic compounds layer and interface morphology in each welded plate are formed in a different manner. As a result, the bonding strength and fracture behavior between two welded plates are significantly distinct. The role of interface morphology on fracture behavior is analyzed by the finite element method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu%2FAl%20dissimilar%20welding" title="Cu/Al dissimilar welding">Cu/Al dissimilar welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offset%20history" title=" offset history"> offset history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface%20morphology" title=" interface morphology"> interface morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermetallic%20compounds" title=" intermetallic compounds"> intermetallic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength%20and%20fracture" title=" strength and fracture"> strength and fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170912/dissimilar-cual-friction-stir-welding-sensitivity-of-the-tool-offset" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11534</span> Friction Stir Processing of the AA7075T7352 Aluminum Alloy Microstructures Mechanical Properties and Texture Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roopchand%20Tandon">Roopchand Tandon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaheer%20Khan%20Yusufzai"> Zaheer Khan Yusufzai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Manna"> R. Manna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Mandal"> R. K. Mandal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present work describes microstructures, mechanical properties, and texture characteristics of the friction stir processed AA7075T7352 aluminum alloy. Phases were analyzed with the help of x-ray diffractometre (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) along with the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Depth-wise microstructures and dislocation characteristics from the nugget-zone of the friction stir processed specimens were studied using the bright field (BF) and weak beam dark-field (WBDF) TEM micrographs, and variation in the microstructures as well as dislocation characteristics were the noteworthy features found. XRD analysis display changes in the chemistry as well as size of the phases in the nugget and heat affected zones (Nugget and HAZ). Whereas the base metal (BM) microstructures remain un-affected. High density dislocations were noticed in the nugget regions of the processed specimen, along with the formation of dislocation contours and tangles. .The ɳ’ and ɳ phases, along with the GP-Zones were completely dissolved and trapped by the dislocations. Such an observations got corroborated to the improved mechanical as well as stress corrosion cracking (SCC) performances. Bulk texture and residual stress measurements were done by the Panalytical Empyrean MRD system with Co- kα radiation. Nugget zone (NZ) display compressive residual stress as compared to thermo-mechanically(TM) and heat affected zones (HAZ). Typical f.c.c. deformation texture components (e.g. Copper, Brass, and Goss) were seen. Such a phenomenon is attributed to the enhanced hardening as well as other mechanical performance of the alloy. Mechanical characterizations were done using the tensile test and Anton Paar Instrumented Micro Hardness tester. Enhancement in the yield strength value is reported from the 89MPa to the 170MPa; on the other hand, highest hardness value was reported in the nugget-zone of the processed specimens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20%20alloy" title="aluminum alloy">aluminum alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characterization" title=" mechanical characterization"> mechanical characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture%20characterstics" title=" texture characterstics"> texture characterstics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20processing" title=" friction stir processing"> friction stir processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151836/friction-stir-processing-of-the-aa7075t7352-aluminum-alloy-microstructures-mechanical-properties-and-texture-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11533</span> A Computational Study of Very High Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Circular Duct with Hemispherical Inline Baffles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipak%20Sen">Dipak Sen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajdeep%20Ghosh"> Rajdeep Ghosh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a computational study of steady state three dimensional very high turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics in a constant temperature-surfaced circular duct fitted with 900 hemispherical inline baffles. The computations are based on realizable k-ɛ model with standard wall function considering the finite volume method, and the SIMPLE algorithm has been implemented. Computational Study are carried out for Reynolds number, Re ranging from 80000 to 120000, Prandtl Number, Pr of 0.73, Pitch Ratios, PR of 1,2,3,4,5 based on the hydraulic diameter of the channel, hydrodynamic entry length, thermal entry length and the test section. Ansys Fluent 15.0 software has been used to solve the flow field. Study reveals that circular pipe having baffles has a higher Nusselt number and friction factor compared to the smooth circular pipe without baffles. Maximum Nusselt number and friction factor are obtained for the PR=5 and PR=1 respectively. Nusselt number increases while pitch ratio increases in the range of study; however, friction factor also decreases up to PR 3 and after which it becomes almost constant up to PR 5. Thermal enhancement factor increases with increasing pitch ratio but with slightly decreasing Reynolds number in the range of study and becomes almost constant at higher Reynolds number. The computational results reveal that optimum thermal enhancement factor of 900 inline hemispherical baffle is about 1.23 for pitch ratio 5 at Reynolds number 120000.It also shows that the optimum pitch ratio for which the baffles can be installed in such very high turbulent flows should be 5. Results show that pitch ratio and Reynolds number play an important role on both fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20factor" title="friction factor">friction factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20flow" title=" turbulent flow"> turbulent flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20duct" title=" circular duct"> circular duct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baffle" title=" baffle"> baffle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pitch%20ratio" title=" pitch ratio"> pitch ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27300/a-computational-study-of-very-high-turbulent-flow-and-heat-transfer-characteristics-in-circular-duct-with-hemispherical-inline-baffles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11532</span> A Reusable Foundation Solution for Onshore Windmills</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wael%20Mohamed">Wael Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Per-Erik%20Austrell"> Per-Erik Austrell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ola%20Dahlblom"> Ola Dahlblom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wind farms repowering is a significant topic nowadays. Wind farms repowering means the complete dismantling of the existing turbine, tower and foundation at an existing site and replacing these units with taller and larger units. Modern wind turbines are designed to withstand approximately for 20~25 years. However, a very long design life of 100 years or more can be expected for high-quality concrete foundations. Based on that there are significant economic and environmental benefits of replacing the out-of-date wind turbine with a new turbine of better power generation capacity and reuse the foundation. The big difference in lifetime shows a potential for new foundation solution to allow wind farms to be updated with taller and larger units in order to increase the energy production. This also means a significant change in the design loads on the foundations. Therefore, the new foundation solution should be able to handle the additional overturning loads. A raft surrounded by an active stabilisation system is proposed in this study. The concept of an active stabilisation system is a novel idea using a movable load to stabilise against the overturning moment. The active stabilisation system consists of a water tank being divided into eight compartments. The system uses the water as a movable load by pumping it into two compartments to stabilise against the overturning moment. The position of the water will rely on the wind direction and a water movement system depending on a number of electric motors and pipes with electric valves is used. One of the advantages of this active foundation solution is that some cost-efficient adjustment could be done to make this foundation able to support larger and taller units. After the end of the first turbine lifetime, an option is presented here to reuse this foundation and make it able to support taller and larger units. This option is considered using extra water volume to fill four compartments instead of two compartments. This extra water volume will increase the stability moment by 41% compared to using water in two compartments. The geotechnical performance of the new foundation solution is investigated using two existing weak soil profiles in Egypt and Sweden. A comparative study of the new solution and a piled raft with long friction piles is performed using finite element simulations. The results show that using a raft surrounded by an active stabilisation system decreases the tilting compared to a piled raft with friction piles. Moreover, it is found that using a raft surrounded by an active stabilisation system decreases the foundation costs compared to a piled raft with friction piles. In term of the environmental impact, it is found that the new foundation has a beneficial impact on the CO2 emissions. It saves roughly from 296.1 tonnes-CO2 to 518.21 tonnes-CO2 from the manufacture of concrete if the new foundation solution is used for another turbine-lifetime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20stabilisation%20system" title="active stabilisation system">active stabilisation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20emissions" title=" CO2 emissions"> CO2 emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FE%20analysis" title=" FE analysis"> FE analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reusable" title=" reusable"> reusable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20soils" title=" weak soils"> weak soils</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73559/a-reusable-foundation-solution-for-onshore-windmills" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11531</span> The Effect of the Water and Fines Content on Shear Strength of Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouledja%20Abdessalam">Ouledja Abdessalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work Contains an experimental study of the behavior of Chlef sand under the effect of various parameters influencing on shear strength. Because of their distinct nature, sands, silts, and clays exhibit completely different behavior (shear strength, the Contracting and dilatancy, the angle of internal friction and cohesion...). By cons when these materials are mixed, their behavior will become different from each considered alone. The behavior of these mixtures (silty sands...) is currently the state of several studies to better use. We have studied in this work: The influence of the following factors on the shear strength: The density (loose and dense), the fines content (silt), The water content. The apparatus used for the tests is the casagrande shear box. This device, although one may have some disadvantages and modern instrumentation is appropriately used to study the shear strength of soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title="shear strength">shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silt" title=" silt"> silt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractancy" title=" contractancy"> contractancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilatancy" title=" dilatancy"> dilatancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20angle" title=" friction angle"> friction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fines%20content" title=" fines content"> fines content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24378/the-effect-of-the-water-and-fines-content-on-shear-strength-of-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11530</span> Development of Fixture for Pipe to Pipe Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aashutosh%20A.%20Tadse">Aashutosh A. Tadse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kush%20Mehta"> Kush Mehta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hardik%20Vyas"> Hardik Vyas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction Stir Welding is a process in which an FSW tool produces friction heat and thus penetrates through the junction and upon rotation carries out the weld by exchange of material within the 2 metals being welded. It involves holding the workpieces stiff enough to bear the force of the tool moving across the junction to carry out a successful weld. The weld that has flat plates as workpieces, has a quite simpler geometry in terms of fixture holding them. In the case of FSW of pipes, the pipes need to be held firm with the chucks and jaws according to the diameter of the pipes being welded; the FSW tool is then revolved around the pipes to carry out the weld. Machine requires a larger area and it becomes more costly because of such a setup. To carry out the weld on the Milling machine, the newly designed fixture must be set-up on the table of milling machine and must facilitate rotation of pipes by the motor being shafted to one end of the fixture, and the other end automatically rotated because of the rotating jaws held tight enough with the pipes. The set-up has tapered cones as the jaws that would go in the pipes thus holding it with the help of its knurled surface providing the required grip. The process has rotation of pipes with the stationary rotating tool penetrating into the junction. The FSW on pipes in this process requires a very low RPM of pipes to carry out a fine weld and the speed shall change with every combination of material and diameter of pipes, so a variable speed setting motor shall serve the purpose. To withstand the force of the tool, an attachment to the shaft is provided which will be diameter specific that will resist flow of material towards the center during the weld. The welded joint thus carried out will be proper to required standards and specifications. Current industrial requirements state the need of space efficient, cost-friendly and more generalized form of fixtures and set-ups of machines to be put up. The proposed design considers every mentioned factor and thus proves to be positive in the same. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20of%20tool" title="force of tool">force of tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title=" friction stir welding"> friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milling%20machine" title=" milling machine"> milling machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotation%20of%20pipes" title=" rotation of pipes"> rotation of pipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tapered%20cones" title=" tapered cones"> tapered cones</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102914/development-of-fixture-for-pipe-to-pipe-friction-stir-welding-of-dissimilar-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11529</span> The Effect of Water and Fines Content on Shear Strength of Silty Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dellal%20Seyyid%20Ali">Dellal Seyyid Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work Contains an experimental study of the behavior of Chlef sand under effect of various parameters influencing on shear strength. Because of their distinct nature, sands, silts and clays exhibit completely different behavior (shear strength, the Contracting and dilatancy, the angle of internal friction and cohesion ...). By cons when these materials are mixed, their behavior will become different from each considered alone. The behavior of these mixtures (silty sands ...) is currently the state of several studies to better use. We have studied in this work: The influence of the following factors on the shear strength: The density (loose and dense), the fines content (silt), the water content. The apparatus used for the tests is the casagrande shear box. This device, although one may have some disadvantages and modern instrumentation is appropriate used to study the shear strength of soils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title="shear strength">shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silt" title=" silt"> silt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contractanct" title=" contractanct"> contractanct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilatancy" title=" dilatancy"> dilatancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20angle" title=" friction angle"> friction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fines%20content" title=" fines content"> fines content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39451/the-effect-of-water-and-fines-content-on-shear-strength-of-silty-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11528</span> A CFD Analysis of Hydraulic Characteristics of the Rod Bundles in the BREST-OD-300 Wire-Spaced Fuel Assemblies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Fomichev">Dmitry V. Fomichev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20V.%20Solonin"> Vladimir V. Solonin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the findings from a numerical simulation of the flow in 37-rod fuel assembly models spaced by a double-wire trapezoidal wrapping as applied to the BREST-OD-300 experimental nuclear reactor. Data on a high static pressure distribution within the models, and equations for determining the fuel bundle flow friction factors have been obtained. Recommendations are provided on using the closing turbulence models available in the ANSYS Fluent. A comparative analysis has been performed against the existing empirical equations for determining the flow friction factors. The calculated and experimental data fit has been shown. An analysis into the experimental data and results of the numerical simulation of the BREST-OD-300 fuel rod assembly hydrodynamic performance are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BREST-OD-300" title="BREST-OD-300">BREST-OD-300</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ware-spaces" title=" ware-spaces"> ware-spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20assembly" title=" fuel assembly"> fuel assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computation fluid dynamics"> computation fluid dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11699/a-cfd-analysis-of-hydraulic-characteristics-of-the-rod-bundles-in-the-brest-od-300-wire-spaced-fuel-assemblies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11527</span> Temperature Evolution, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treatable Aluminum Alloy Welded by Friction Stir Welding: Comparison with Tungsten Inert Gas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saliha%20Gachi">Saliha Gachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouloud%20Aissani"> Mouloud Aissani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Boubenider"> Fouad Boubenider</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding technique that can join material without melting the plates to be welded. In this work, we are interested to demonstrate the potentiality of FSW for joining the heat-treatable aluminum alloy 2024-T3 which is reputed as difficult to be welded by fusion techniques. Thereafter, the FSW joint is compared with another one obtained from a conventional fusion process Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG). FSW welds are made up using an FSW tool mounted on a milling machine. Single pass welding was applied to fabricated TIG joint. The comparison between the two processes has been made on the temperature evolution, mechanical and microstructure behavior. The microstructural examination revealed that FSW weld is composed of four zones: Base metal (BM), Heat affected zone (HAZ), Thermo-mechanical affected zone (THAZ) and the nugget zone (NZ). The NZ exhibits a recrystallized equiaxed refined grains that induce better mechanical properties and good ductility compared to TIG joint where the grains have a larger size in the welded region compared with the BM due to the elevated heat input. The microhardness results show that, in FSW weld, the THAZ contains the lowest microhardness values and increase in the NZ; however, in TIG process, the lowest values are localized on the NZ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title="friction stir welding">friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tungsten%20inert%20gaz" title=" tungsten inert gaz"> tungsten inert gaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title=" aluminum"> aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92048/temperature-evolution-microstructure-and-mechanical-properties-of-heat-treatable-aluminum-alloy-welded-by-friction-stir-welding-comparison-with-tungsten-inert-gas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11526</span> Synthesis and Tribological Properties of the Al-Cr-N/MoS₂ Self-Lubricating Coatings by Hybrid Magnetron Sputtering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tie-Gang%20Wang">Tie-Gang Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=De-Qiang%20Meng"> De-Qiang Meng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Mei%20Liu"> Yan-Mei Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ternary AlCrN coatings were widely used to prolong cutting tool life because of their high hardness and excellent abrasion resistance. However, the friction between the workpiece and cutter surface was increased remarkably during machining difficult-to-cut materials (such as superalloy, titanium, etc.). As a result, a lot of cutting heat was generated and cutting tool life was shortened. In this work, an appropriate amount of solid lubricant MoS₂ was added into the AlCrN coating to reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece. A series of Al-Cr-N/MoS₂ self-lubricating coatings with different MoS₂ contents were prepared by high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) and pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering (Pulsed DC) compound system. The MoS₂ content in the coatings was changed by adjusting the sputtering power of the MoS₂ target. The composition, structure and mechanical properties of the Al-Cr-N/MoS2 coatings were systematically evaluated by energy dispersive spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, nano-indenter tester, scratch tester, and ball-on-disk tribometer. The results indicated the lubricant content played an important role in the coating properties. As the sputtering power of the MoS₂ target was 0.1 kW, the coating possessed the highest hardness 14.1GPa, the highest critical load 44.8 N, and the lowest wear rate 4.4×10−3μm2/N. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-lubricating%20coating" title="self-lubricating coating">self-lubricating coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Cr-N%2FMoS%E2%82%82%20coating" title=" Al-Cr-N/MoS₂ coating"> Al-Cr-N/MoS₂ coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20rate" title=" wear rate"> wear rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20coefficient" title=" friction coefficient"> friction coefficient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116546/synthesis-and-tribological-properties-of-the-al-cr-nmos2-self-lubricating-coatings-by-hybrid-magnetron-sputtering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11525</span> Tribological Behavior of Hybrid Nanolubricants for Internal Combustion Engines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20M.%20Li%C3%B1eira%20Del%20R%C3%ADo">José M. Liñeira Del Río</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ram%C3%B3n%20Rial"> Ramón Rial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khodor%20Nasser"> Khodor Nasser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20J.G.%20Guimarey"> María J.G. Guimarey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The need to develop new lubricants that offer better anti-friction and anti-wear performance in internal combustion vehicles is one of the great challenges of lubrication in the automotive field. The addition of nanoparticles has emerged as a possible solution and, combined with the lubricating power of ionic liquids, may become one of the alternatives to reduce friction losses and wear of the contact surfaces in the conditions to which tribo-pairs are subjected, especially in the contact of the piston rings and the cylinder liner surface. In this study, the improvement in SAE 10W-40 engine oil tribological performance after the addition of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoadditives and two different phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) was investigated. The nanoparticle characterization was performed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tribological properties, friction coefficients and wear parameters of the formulated oil modified with 0.01 wt.% MgO and 1 wt.% ILs compared with the neat 10W-40 oil were performed and analyzed using a ball-on-three-pins tribometer and a 3D optical profilometer, respectively. Further analysis on the worn surface was carried out by Raman spectroscopy and SEM microscopy, illustrating the formation of the protective IL and MgO tribo-films as hybrid additives. In friction tests with sliding steel-steel tribo-pairs, IL3-based hybrid nanolubricant decreased the friction coefficient and wear volume by 7% and 59%, respectively, in comparison with the neat SAE 10W-40, while the one based on IL1 only achieved a reduction of these parameters by 6% and 39%, respectively. Thus, the tribological characterization also revealed that the MgO and IL3 addition has a positive synergy over the commercial lubricant, adequately meeting the requirements for their use in internal combustion engines. In summary, this study has shown that the addition of ionic liquids to MgO nanoparticles can improve the stability and lubrication behavior of MgO nanolubricant and encourages more investigations on using nanoparticle additives with green solvents such as ionic liquids to protect the environment as well as prolong the lifetime of machinery. The improvement in the lubricant properties was attributed to the following wear mechanisms: the formation of a protective tribo-film and the ability of nanoparticles to fill out valleys between asperities, thereby effectively smoothing out the shearing surfaces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lubricant" title="lubricant">lubricant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphonium-based%20ionic%20liquids" title=" phosphonium-based ionic liquids"> phosphonium-based ionic liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribology" title=" tribology"> tribology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165344/tribological-behavior-of-hybrid-nanolubricants-for-internal-combustion-engines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11524</span> Feasibility Study of Friction Stir Welding Application for Kevlar Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Ta%C5%9Fan">Ahmet Taşan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%BCha%20Tirke%C5%9F"> Süha Tirkeş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yavuz%20%C3%96zt%C3%BCrk"> Yavuz Öztürk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafer%20Bing%C3%BCl"> Zafer Bingül</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction stir welding (FSW) is a joining process in the solid state, which eliminates problems associated with the material melting and solidification, such as cracks, residual stresses and distortions generated during conventional welding. Among the most important advantages of FSW are; easy automation, less distortion, lower residual stress and good mechanical properties in the joining region. FSW is a recent approach to metal joining and although originally intended for aluminum alloys, it is investigated in a variety of metallic materials. The basic concept of FSW is a rotating tool, made of non-consumable material, specially designed with a geometry consisting of a pin and a recess (shoulder). This tool is inserted as spinning on its axis at the adjoining edges of two sheets or plates to be joined and then it travels along the joining path line. The tool rotation axis defines an angle of inclination with which the components to be welded. This angle is used for receiving the material to be processed at the tool base and to promote the gradual forge effect imposed by the shoulder during the passage of the tool. This prevents the material plastic flow at the tool lateral, ensuring weld closure on the back of the pin. In this study, two 4 mm Kevlar<sup>®</sup> plates which were produced with the Kevlar<sup>®</sup> fabrics, are analyzed with COMSOL Multiphysics in order to investigate the weldability via FSW. Thereafter, some experimental investigation is done with an appropriate workbench in order to compare them with the analysis results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20%20modeling" title="analytical modeling">analytical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20materials%20welding" title=" composite materials welding"> composite materials welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20stir%20welding" title=" friction stir welding"> friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20generation" title=" heat generation"> heat generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107293/feasibility-study-of-friction-stir-welding-application-for-kevlar-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20impact&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20impact&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20impact&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20impact&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20impact&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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