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</div> <div class="control"> <button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.19522">arXiv:2405.19522</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.19522">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2024 </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Maslej%2C+N">Nestor Maslej</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Fattorini%2C+L">Loredana Fattorini</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Perrault%2C+R">Raymond Perrault</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Parli%2C+V">Vanessa Parli</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Reuel%2C+A">Anka Reuel</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Etchemendy%2C+J">John Etchemendy</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ligett%2C+K">Katrina Ligett</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lyons%2C+T">Terah Lyons</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Manyika%2C+J">James Manyika</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Niebles%2C+J+C">Juan Carlos Niebles</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Shoham%2C+Y">Yoav Shoham</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wald%2C+R">Russell Wald</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Clark%2C+J">Jack Clark</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.19522v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The 2024 Index is our most comprehensive to date and arrives at an important moment when AI's influence on society has never been more pronounced. This year, we have broadened our scope to more extensively cover essential trends such as technical advancements in AI, public perceptions of the technology, and the geopolitical dynamics surrounding its development. Featuring more original data than ev… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.19522v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2405.19522v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.19522v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The 2024 Index is our most comprehensive to date and arrives at an important moment when AI's influence on society has never been more pronounced. This year, we have broadened our scope to more extensively cover essential trends such as technical advancements in AI, public perceptions of the technology, and the geopolitical dynamics surrounding its development. Featuring more original data than ever before, this edition introduces new estimates on AI training costs, detailed analyses of the responsible AI landscape, and an entirely new chapter dedicated to AI's impact on science and medicine. The AI Index report tracks, collates, distills, and visualizes data related to artificial intelligence (AI). Our mission is to provide unbiased, rigorously vetted, broadly sourced data in order for policymakers, researchers, executives, journalists, and the general public to develop a more thorough and nuanced understanding of the complex field of AI. The AI Index is recognized globally as one of the most credible and authoritative sources for data and insights on artificial intelligence. Previous editions have been cited in major newspapers, including the The New York Times, Bloomberg, and The Guardian, have amassed hundreds of academic citations, and been referenced by high-level policymakers in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, among other places. This year's edition surpasses all previous ones in size, scale, and scope, reflecting the growing significance that AI is coming to hold in all of our lives. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.19522v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2405.19522v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 29 May, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03715">arXiv:2310.03715</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.03715">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2023 </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Maslej%2C+N">Nestor Maslej</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Fattorini%2C+L">Loredana Fattorini</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Etchemendy%2C+J">John Etchemendy</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ligett%2C+K">Katrina Ligett</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lyons%2C+T">Terah Lyons</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Manyika%2C+J">James Manyika</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ngo%2C+H">Helen Ngo</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Niebles%2C+J+C">Juan Carlos Niebles</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Parli%2C+V">Vanessa Parli</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Shoham%2C+Y">Yoav Shoham</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wald%2C+R">Russell Wald</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Clark%2C+J">Jack Clark</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Perrault%2C+R">Raymond Perrault</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2310.03715v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Welcome to the sixth edition of the AI Index Report. This year, the report introduces more original data than any previous edition, including a new chapter on AI public opinion, a more thorough technical performance chapter, original analysis about large language and multimodal models, detailed trends in global AI legislation records, a study of the environmental impact of AI systems, and more. Th… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2310.03715v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2310.03715v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2310.03715v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Welcome to the sixth edition of the AI Index Report. This year, the report introduces more original data than any previous edition, including a new chapter on AI public opinion, a more thorough technical performance chapter, original analysis about large language and multimodal models, detailed trends in global AI legislation records, a study of the environmental impact of AI systems, and more. The AI Index Report tracks, collates, distills, and visualizes data related to artificial intelligence. Our mission is to provide unbiased, rigorously vetted, broadly sourced data in order for policymakers, researchers, executives, journalists, and the general public to develop a more thorough and nuanced understanding of the complex field of AI. The report aims to be the world's most credible and authoritative source for data and insights about AI. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2310.03715v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2310.03715v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 October, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2023. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06318">arXiv:2211.06318</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.06318">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030: The One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Stone%2C+P">Peter Stone</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brooks%2C+R">Rodney Brooks</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Calo%2C+R">Ryan Calo</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Etzioni%2C+O">Oren Etzioni</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Hager%2C+G">Greg Hager</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Hirschberg%2C+J">Julia Hirschberg</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kalyanakrishnan%2C+S">Shivaram Kalyanakrishnan</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kamar%2C+E">Ece Kamar</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kraus%2C+S">Sarit Kraus</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Leyton-Brown%2C+K">Kevin Leyton-Brown</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Parkes%2C+D">David Parkes</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Press%2C+W">William Press</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Saxenian%2C+A">AnnaLee Saxenian</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Shah%2C+J">Julie Shah</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Tambe%2C+M">Milind Tambe</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Teller%2C+A">Astro Teller</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.06318v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In September 2016, Stanford's "One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence" project (AI100) issued the first report of its planned long-term periodic assessment of artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on society. It was written by a panel of 17 study authors, each of whom is deeply rooted in AI research, chaired by Peter Stone of the University of Texas at Austin. The report, entitled… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.06318v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2211.06318v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.06318v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In September 2016, Stanford's "One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence" project (AI100) issued the first report of its planned long-term periodic assessment of artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on society. It was written by a panel of 17 study authors, each of whom is deeply rooted in AI research, chaired by Peter Stone of the University of Texas at Austin. The report, entitled "Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030," examines eight domains of typical urban settings on which AI is likely to have impact over the coming years: transportation, home and service robots, healthcare, education, public safety and security, low-resource communities, employment and workplace, and entertainment. It aims to provide the general public with a scientifically and technologically accurate portrayal of the current state of AI and its potential and to help guide decisions in industry and governments, as well as to inform research and development in the field. The charge for this report was given to the panel by the AI100 Standing Committee, chaired by Barbara Grosz of Harvard University. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.06318v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2211.06318v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 31 October, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">52 pages, https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.03468">arXiv:2205.03468</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.03468">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The AI Index 2022 Annual Report </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+D">Daniel Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Maslej%2C+N">Nestor Maslej</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Etchemendy%2C+J">John Etchemendy</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lyons%2C+T">Terah Lyons</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Manyika%2C+J">James Manyika</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ngo%2C+H">Helen Ngo</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Niebles%2C+J+C">Juan Carlos Niebles</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Sellitto%2C+M">Michael Sellitto</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Sakhaee%2C+E">Ellie Sakhaee</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Shoham%2C+Y">Yoav Shoham</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Clark%2C+J">Jack Clark</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Perrault%2C+R">Raymond Perrault</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2205.03468v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Welcome to the fifth edition of the AI Index Report! The latest edition includes data from a broad set of academic, private, and nonprofit organizations as well as more self-collected data and original analysis than any previous editions, including an expanded technical performance chapter, a new survey of robotics researchers around the world, data on global AI legislation records in 25 countries… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2205.03468v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2205.03468v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2205.03468v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Welcome to the fifth edition of the AI Index Report! The latest edition includes data from a broad set of academic, private, and nonprofit organizations as well as more self-collected data and original analysis than any previous editions, including an expanded technical performance chapter, a new survey of robotics researchers around the world, data on global AI legislation records in 25 countries, and a new chapter with an in-depth analysis of technical AI ethics metrics. The AI Index Report tracks, collates, distills, and visualizes data related to artificial intelligence. Its mission is to provide unbiased, rigorously vetted, and globally sourced data for policymakers, researchers, executives, journalists, and the general public to develop a more thorough and nuanced understanding of the complex field of AI. The report aims to be the world's most credible and authoritative source for data and insights about AI. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2205.03468v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2205.03468v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 2 May, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2022. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.04200">arXiv:2201.04200</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.04200">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="General Economics">econ.GN</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The Turing Trap: The Promise & Peril of Human-Like Artificial Intelligence </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2201.04200v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In 1950, Alan Turing proposed an imitation game as the ultimate test of whether a machine was intelligent: could a machine imitate a human so well that its answers to questions indistinguishable from a human. Ever since, creating intelligence that matches human intelligence has implicitly or explicitly been the goal of thousands of researchers, engineers, and entrepreneurs. The benefits of human-l… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2201.04200v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2201.04200v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2201.04200v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In 1950, Alan Turing proposed an imitation game as the ultimate test of whether a machine was intelligent: could a machine imitate a human so well that its answers to questions indistinguishable from a human. Ever since, creating intelligence that matches human intelligence has implicitly or explicitly been the goal of thousands of researchers, engineers, and entrepreneurs. The benefits of human-like artificial intelligence (HLAI) include soaring productivity, increased leisure, and perhaps most profoundly, a better understanding of our own minds. But not all types of AI are human-like. In fact, many of the most powerful systems are very different from humans. So an excessive focus on developing and deploying HLAI can lead us into a trap. As machines become better substitutes for human labor, workers lose economic and political bargaining power and become increasingly dependent on those who control the technology. In contrast, when AI is focused on augmenting humans rather than mimicking them, then humans retain the power to insist on a share of the value created. Furthermore, augmentation creates new capabilities and new products and services, ultimately generating far more value than merely human-like AI. While both types of AI can be enormously beneficial, there are currently excess incentives for automation rather than augmentation among technologists, business executives, and policymakers. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2201.04200v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2201.04200v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 11 January, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Forthcoming in Daedalus, April 2022. Posted with permission</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">MSC Class:</span> 91 <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">ACM Class:</span> K.4.0; K.4.2 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.07258">arXiv:2108.07258</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.07258">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2108.07258">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bommasani%2C+R">Rishi Bommasani</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Hudson%2C+D+A">Drew A. Hudson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Adeli%2C+E">Ehsan Adeli</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Altman%2C+R">Russ Altman</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Arora%2C+S">Simran Arora</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=von+Arx%2C+S">Sydney von Arx</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bernstein%2C+M+S">Michael S. Bernstein</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bohg%2C+J">Jeannette Bohg</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bosselut%2C+A">Antoine Bosselut</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brunskill%2C+E">Emma Brunskill</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Buch%2C+S">Shyamal Buch</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Card%2C+D">Dallas Card</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Castellon%2C+R">Rodrigo Castellon</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Chatterji%2C+N">Niladri Chatterji</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+A">Annie Chen</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Creel%2C+K">Kathleen Creel</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Davis%2C+J+Q">Jared Quincy Davis</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Demszky%2C+D">Dora Demszky</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Donahue%2C+C">Chris Donahue</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Doumbouya%2C+M">Moussa Doumbouya</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Durmus%2C+E">Esin Durmus</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ermon%2C+S">Stefano Ermon</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Etchemendy%2C+J">John Etchemendy</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ethayarajh%2C+K">Kawin Ethayarajh</a> , et al. (89 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2108.07258v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> AI is undergoing a paradigm shift with the rise of models (e.g., BERT, DALL-E, GPT-3) that are trained on broad data at scale and are adaptable to a wide range of downstream tasks. We call these models foundation models to underscore their critically central yet incomplete character. This report provides a thorough account of the opportunities and risks of foundation models, ranging from their cap… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2108.07258v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2108.07258v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2108.07258v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> AI is undergoing a paradigm shift with the rise of models (e.g., BERT, DALL-E, GPT-3) that are trained on broad data at scale and are adaptable to a wide range of downstream tasks. We call these models foundation models to underscore their critically central yet incomplete character. This report provides a thorough account of the opportunities and risks of foundation models, ranging from their capabilities (e.g., language, vision, robotics, reasoning, human interaction) and technical principles(e.g., model architectures, training procedures, data, systems, security, evaluation, theory) to their applications (e.g., law, healthcare, education) and societal impact (e.g., inequity, misuse, economic and environmental impact, legal and ethical considerations). Though foundation models are based on standard deep learning and transfer learning, their scale results in new emergent capabilities,and their effectiveness across so many tasks incentivizes homogenization. Homogenization provides powerful leverage but demands caution, as the defects of the foundation model are inherited by all the adapted models downstream. Despite the impending widespread deployment of foundation models, we currently lack a clear understanding of how they work, when they fail, and what they are even capable of due to their emergent properties. To tackle these questions, we believe much of the critical research on foundation models will require deep interdisciplinary collaboration commensurate with their fundamentally sociotechnical nature. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2108.07258v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2108.07258v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 12 July, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 16 August, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> August 2021. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Authored by the Center for Research on Foundation Models (CRFM) at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). Report page with citation guidelines: https://crfm.stanford.edu/report.html</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06312">arXiv:2103.06312</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.06312">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Artificial Intelligence">cs.AI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="General Literature">cs.GL</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The AI Index 2021 Annual Report </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+D">Daniel Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Mishra%2C+S">Saurabh Mishra</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Etchemendy%2C+J">John Etchemendy</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ganguli%2C+D">Deep Ganguli</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Grosz%2C+B">Barbara Grosz</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lyons%2C+T">Terah Lyons</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Manyika%2C+J">James Manyika</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Niebles%2C+J+C">Juan Carlos Niebles</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Sellitto%2C+M">Michael Sellitto</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Shoham%2C+Y">Yoav Shoham</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Clark%2C+J">Jack Clark</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Perrault%2C+R">Raymond Perrault</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2103.06312v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Welcome to the fourth edition of the AI Index Report. This year we significantly expanded the amount of data available in the report, worked with a broader set of external organizations to calibrate our data, and deepened our connections with the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). The AI Index Report tracks, collates, distills, and visualizes data related to artif… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2103.06312v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2103.06312v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2103.06312v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Welcome to the fourth edition of the AI Index Report. This year we significantly expanded the amount of data available in the report, worked with a broader set of external organizations to calibrate our data, and deepened our connections with the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). The AI Index Report tracks, collates, distills, and visualizes data related to artificial intelligence. Its mission is to provide unbiased, rigorously vetted, and globally sourced data for policymakers, researchers, executives, journalists, and the general public to develop intuitions about the complex field of AI. The report aims to be the most credible and authoritative source for data and insights about AI in the world. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2103.06312v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2103.06312v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 8 March, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.04244">arXiv:2006.04244</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.04244">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Economic and Business Dimensions Cloud Computing and Electricity: Beyond the Utility Model </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Hofmann%2C+P">Paul Hofmann</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Jordan%2C+J">John Jordan</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2006.04244v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> An overly simplistic reliance on the utility model risks blinding us to the real opportunities and challenges of cloud computing. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2006.04244v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> An overly simplistic reliance on the utility model risks blinding us to the real opportunities and challenges of cloud computing. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2006.04244v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2006.04244v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 7 June, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Communications of the ACM, May 2010, vol. 53, no. 5 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.05655">arXiv:2002.05655</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.05655">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2002.05655">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applications">stat.AP</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">stat.ML</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3375627.3375826">10.1145/3375627.3375826 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Learning Occupational Task-Shares Dynamics for the Future of Work </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Das%2C+S">Subhro Das</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Steffen%2C+S">Sebastian Steffen</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Clarke%2C+W">Wyatt Clarke</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Reddy%2C+P">Prabhat Reddy</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brynjolfsson%2C+E">Erik Brynjolfsson</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Fleming%2C+M">Martin Fleming</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2002.05655v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The recent wave of AI and automation has been argued to differ from previous General Purpose Technologies (GPTs), in that it may lead to rapid change in occupations' underlying task requirements and persistent technological unemployment. In this paper, we apply a novel methodology of dynamic task shares to a large dataset of online job postings to explore how exactly occupational task demands have… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2002.05655v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2002.05655v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2002.05655v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The recent wave of AI and automation has been argued to differ from previous General Purpose Technologies (GPTs), in that it may lead to rapid change in occupations' underlying task requirements and persistent technological unemployment. In this paper, we apply a novel methodology of dynamic task shares to a large dataset of online job postings to explore how exactly occupational task demands have changed over the past decade of AI innovation, especially across high, mid and low wage occupations. Notably, big data and AI have risen significantly among high wage occupations since 2012 and 2016, respectively. We built an ARIMA model to predict future occupational task demands and showcase several relevant examples in Healthcare, Administration, and IT. Such task demands predictions across occupations will play a pivotal role in retraining the workforce of the future. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2002.05655v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2002.05655v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 January, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">9 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables, Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES), 2020</span> </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a 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