CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="oc" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Crosada — Wikipèdia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )ocwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"oc normal","wgMonthNames":["","genièr","febrièr","març","abril","mai","junh","julhet","agost","setembre","octobre","novembre","decembre"],"wgRequestId":"7fa1a3d7-f580-4b9c-8b21-cda77056f763","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Crosada","wgTitle":"Crosada","wgCurRevisionId":2433089,"wgRevisionId":2433089,"wgArticleId":22627,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Article de qualitat en macedonian","Bon article en anglés","Bon article en lituanian","Article de qualitat en afrikaans","Article de qualitat en latin","Article de qualitat en armèni","Bon article en norvegian","Article de qualitat en esperanto","Article de qualitat en chèc","Referéncia qu'utiliza lo modèl Metaligam cap a portal","Portal:Istòria/Articles ligats","Marrida utilizacion del modèl Multibendèl","Paginas utilizant de ligams magics ISBN", "Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals","Article redigit en provençau","Portal:Crosadas/Articles ligats","Crosada"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"oc","wgPageContentLanguage":"oc","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Crosada","wgRelevantArticleId":22627,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"oc","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"oc"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q12546","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=oc&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=oc&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=oc&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png/1200px-Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="714"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png/800px-Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="476"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png/640px-Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="381"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Crosada — Wikipèdia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//oc.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosada"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modificar" href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipèdia (oc)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//oc.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosada"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.oc"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipèdia" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Darri%C3%A8rs_cambiaments&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Crosada rootpage-Crosada skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vejatz lo contengut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menut principal/Menut principau" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menut principal/Menut principau</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menut principal/Menut principau</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-Navigacion" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Navigacion" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigacion </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Acuèlh" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Acuèlh</span></a></li><li id="n-La-tavèrna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:La_tav%C3%A8rna"><span>La tavèrna</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Portals tematics</span></a></li><li id="n-alphindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Totas_las_paginas"><span>Indèx alfabetic</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Pagina_a_l%27azard" title="Afichar una pagina a l'azard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una pagina a l'azard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contact-url"><span>contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuir" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuir" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuir </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Somari" title="L'endrech per s'assabentar."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh" title="A prepaus del projècte, çò que podètz far, ont trobar d'informacions"><span>Comunautat</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Darri%C3%A8rs_cambiaments" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments sul wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Darrièrs cambiaments</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh_dels_nov%C3%A8ls_venguts"><span>Acuèlh dels novèls venguts</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-oc.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'enciclopèdia liura" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-oc.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Rec%C3%A8rca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cercar dins Wikipèdia [C]" accesskey="C"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Recercar</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Recercar sus Wikipèdia" aria-label="Recercar sus Wikipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cercar dins Wikipèdia [C]" accesskey="C" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Recèrca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Recercar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Aisinas personalas"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Crosada" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Crosada" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Crosada" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Crosada" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connectar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_contribucions" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_discussions" title="La pagina de discussion per aquesta adreça IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Crosadas_d'Orient" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crosadas_d'Orient"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Crosadas d'Orient</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Crosadas_d'Orient-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Crosadas d'Orient</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Crosadas_d'Orient-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Causas_generalas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Causas_generalas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Causas generalas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Causas_generalas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lei_causas_religiosas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_causas_religiosas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Lei causas religiosas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_causas_religiosas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-L'accès_ai_Luòcs_Sants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'accès_ai_Luòcs_Sants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1.1</span> <span>L'accès ai Luòcs Sants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'accès_ai_Luòcs_Sants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_«_guèrra_justa_»_dei_Crestians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_«_guèrra_justa_»_dei_Crestians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1.2</span> <span>La « guèrra justa » dei Crestians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_«_guèrra_justa_»_dei_Crestians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_condicions_economicas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_condicions_economicas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Lei condicions economicas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_condicions_economicas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organizacion_dei_Crosadas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizacion_dei_Crosadas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Organizacion dei Crosadas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizacion_dei_Crosadas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-L'iniciativa_de_la_Crosada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'iniciativa_de_la_Crosada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>L'iniciativa de la Crosada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'iniciativa_de_la_Crosada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_finançament_de_la_Crosada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_finançament_de_la_Crosada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Lo finançament de la Crosada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_finançament_de_la_Crosada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Debanament_dei_Crosadas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Debanament_dei_Crosadas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Debanament dei Crosadas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Debanament_dei_Crosadas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Premiera_Crosada_(1095-1099)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Premiera_Crosada_(1095-1099)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Premiera Crosada (1095-1099)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Premiera_Crosada_(1095-1099)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Segonda_Crosada_(1145-1149)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segonda_Crosada_(1145-1149)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Segonda Crosada (1145-1149)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segonda_Crosada_(1145-1149)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tresena_Crosada_(1189-1192)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tresena_Crosada_(1189-1192)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Tresena Crosada (1189-1192)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tresena_Crosada_(1189-1192)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quatrena_Crosada_(1202-1204)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quatrena_Crosada_(1202-1204)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Quatrena Crosada (1202-1204)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quatrena_Crosada_(1202-1204)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinquena_Crosada_(1217-1221)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinquena_Crosada_(1217-1221)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>Cinquena Crosada (1217-1221)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinquena_Crosada_(1217-1221)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seisena_Crosada_(1228-1229)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seisena_Crosada_(1228-1229)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.6</span> <span>Seisena Crosada (1228-1229)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seisena_Crosada_(1228-1229)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crosada_de_1239-1241" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crosada_de_1239-1241"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.7</span> <span>Crosada de 1239-1241</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crosada_de_1239-1241-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Setena_Crosada_(1248-1254)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Setena_Crosada_(1248-1254)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.8</span> <span>Setena Crosada (1248-1254)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Setena_Crosada_(1248-1254)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uechena_Crosada_(1270)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uechena_Crosada_(1270)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.9</span> <span>Uechena Crosada (1270)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uechena_Crosada_(1270)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Novena_Crosada_(1271-1272)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novena_Crosada_(1271-1272)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.10</span> <span>Novena Crosada (1271-1272)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novena_Crosada_(1271-1272)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autrei_Crosadas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autrei_Crosadas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Autrei Crosadas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Autrei_Crosadas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Autrei Crosadas</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Autrei_Crosadas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_Crosada_de_1101" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Crosada_de_1101"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>La Crosada de 1101</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Crosada_de_1101-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Crosada_norvegiana_(1107-1100)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Crosada_norvegiana_(1107-1100)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>La Crosada norvegiana (1107-1100)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Crosada_norvegiana_(1107-1100)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Crosada_dei_Wends_(1147)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Crosada_dei_Wends_(1147)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>La Crosada dei Wends (1147)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Crosada_dei_Wends_(1147)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_Crosadas_nòrdicas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_Crosadas_nòrdicas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Lei Crosadas nòrdicas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_Crosadas_nòrdicas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crosada_deis_Albigés_(1209-1229)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crosada_deis_Albigés_(1209-1229)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Crosada deis Albigés (1209-1229)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crosada_deis_Albigés_(1209-1229)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Crosada_aragonesa_(1284-1285)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Crosada_aragonesa_(1284-1285)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>La Crosada aragonesa (1284-1285)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Crosada_aragonesa_(1284-1285)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Crosada_d'Alexàndria_(1365)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Crosada_d'Alexàndria_(1365)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>La Crosada d'Alexàndria (1365)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Crosada_d'Alexàndria_(1365)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Crosada_de_Mahdia_(1390)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Crosada_de_Mahdia_(1390)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>La Crosada de Mahdia (1390)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Crosada_de_Mahdia_(1390)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_Crosadas_balcanicas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_Crosadas_balcanicas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Lei Crosadas balcanicas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_Crosadas_balcanicas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vejatz_tanben" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vejatz_tanben"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vejatz tanben</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vejatz_tanben-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Crosada</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 146 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-146" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">146 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruistog" title="Kruistog - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kruistog" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreuzzug" title="Kreuzzug - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kreuzzug" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%98%E1%88%B5%E1%89%80%E1%88%8D_%E1%8C%A6%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%90%E1%89%B6%E1%89%BD" title="የመስቀል ጦርነቶች - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የመስቀል ጦርነቶች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzadas" title="Cruzadas - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cruzadas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حملات صليبية - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حملات صليبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="حملات صليبيه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حملات صليبيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzaes" title="Cruzaes - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cruzaes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99lib_y%C3%BCr%C3%BC%C5%9Fl%C9%99ri" title="Səlib yürüşləri - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Səlib yürüşləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8_%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="صلیب یوروشلری - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="صلیب یوروشلری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Тәре яуҙары - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тәре яуҙары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%AB%C5%BEiaus_%C5%BE%C4%ABg%C4%93" title="Krīžiaus žīgē - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Krīžiaus žīgē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Крыжовыя паходы - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крыжовыя паходы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Крыжовыя паходы - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Крыжовыя паходы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кръстоносен поход - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кръстоносен поход" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1" title="ক্রুসেড - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্রুসেড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroaziadego%C3%B9" title="Kroaziadegoù - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kroaziadegoù" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krsta%C5%A1ki_ratovi" title="Krstaški ratovi - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Krstaški ratovi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porang_Salib" title="Porang Salib - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Porang Salib" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8D%D2%BB%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Хэрээһэтэнэй аян дайн - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хэрээһэтэнэй аян дайн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croades" title="Croades - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Croades" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="ЖӀарахойн тӀелетарш - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ЖӀарахойн тӀелетарш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Krusada" title="Mga Krusada - cebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mga Krusada" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%95%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%DA%86%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شەڕەکانی خاچھەڵگران - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەڕەکانی خاچھەڵگران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%C3%A7l%C4%B1lar_seferleri" title="Haçlılar seferleri - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Haçlılar seferleri" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%BEov%C3%A9_v%C3%BDpravy" title="Křížové výpravy - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Křížové výpravy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C4%95%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%C3%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Хĕрес харçисем - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хĕрес харçисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Croesgadau" title="Y Croesgadau - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Croesgadau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korstog" title="Korstog - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Korstog" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreuzzug" title="Kreuzzug - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kreuzzug" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Σταυροφορίες - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σταυροφορίες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Crusades" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krucmilitoj" title="Krucmilitoj - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Krucmilitoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzadas" title="Cruzadas - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cruzadas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ristis%C3%B5jad" title="Ristisõjad - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ristisõjad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurutzadak" title="Gurutzadak - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gurutzadak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="جنگ‌های صلیبی - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ‌های صلیبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ristiretket" title="Ristiretket - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ristiretket" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ristis%C3%B5da" title="Ristisõda - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ristisõda" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croisade" title="Croisade - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Croisade" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%BCstooch" title="Krüstooch - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Krüstooch" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosadis" title="Crosadis - friolan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Crosadis" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friolan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%BAstochten" title="Krústochten - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Krústochten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_Cros%C3%A1id%C3%AD" title="Na Crosáidí - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Na Crosáidí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krwazad" title="Krwazad - créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Krwazad" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogaidhean_na_Croise" title="Cogaidhean na Croise - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cogaidhean na Croise" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzadas" title="Cruzadas - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cruzadas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91orair%C3%B5_Marangatu" title="Ñorairõ Marangatu - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñorairõ Marangatu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Crusades" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%91" title="מסעי הצלב - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מסעי הצלב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="क्रूसयुद्ध - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्रूसयुद्ध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusade" title="Crusade - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Crusade" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%BEarski_ratovi" title="Križarski ratovi - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Križarski ratovi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwazad" title="Kwazad - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwazad" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keresztes_h%C3%A1bor%C3%BAk" title="Keresztes háborúk - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Keresztes háborúk" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81_%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Խաչակրաց արշավանքներ - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խաչակրաց արշավանքներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81_%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Խաչակրաց արշաւանքներ - arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Խաչակրաց արշաւանքներ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruciadas" title="Cruciadas - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cruciadas" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Salib" title="Perang Salib - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Salib" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nj%C3%A8_%C3%81gh%C3%A1_J%C3%A9su" title="Njè Ághá Jésu - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Njè Ághá Jésu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagiti_Krusada" title="Dagiti Krusada - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Dagiti Krusada" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krucomiliti" title="Krucomiliti - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Krucomiliti" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krossfer%C3%B0ir" title="Krossferðir - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Krossferðir" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crociata" title="Crociata - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Crociata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E8%BB%8D" title="十字軍 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="十字軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krusiedz" title="Krusiedz - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Krusiedz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Salib" title="Perang Salib - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Perang Salib" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ჯვაროსნული ლაშქრობები - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯვაროსნული ლაშქრობები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisuu_you_(Croisades)" title="Tisuu you (Croisades) - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tisuu you (Croisades)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Крест жорықтары - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Крест жорықтары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90%EA%B5%B0" title="십자군 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="십자군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefer%C3%AAn_xa%C3%A7perestan" title="Seferên xaçperestan - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Seferên xaçperestan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krowskasow" title="Krowskasow - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Krowskasow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%80_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кресттүүлөр жортуулдары - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кресттүүлөр жортуулдары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expeditio_sacra" title="Expeditio sacra - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Expeditio sacra" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krusatas" title="Krusatas - ladin" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Krusatas" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хашпересрин финар - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Хашпересрин финар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruutstoch" title="Kruutstoch - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kruutstoch" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crujades" title="Crujades - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Crujades" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croxade" title="Croxade - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Croxade" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kry%C5%BEiaus_%C5%BEygiai" title="Kryžiaus žygiai - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kryžiaus žygiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krusta_kari" title="Krusta kari - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Krusta kari" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroazada" title="Kroazada - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kroazada" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parang_Salib" title="Parang Salib - minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Parang Salib" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Крстоносни војни - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Крстоносни војни" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="കുരിശുയുദ്ധങ്ങൾ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കുരിശുയുദ്ധങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Загалмайтны аян дайн - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Загалмайтны аян дайн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1" title="क्रुसेड - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="क्रुसेड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Salib" title="Perang Salib - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perang Salib" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kru%C4%8Bjata" title="Kruċjata - maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kruċjata" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzada" title="Cruzada - mirandés" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cruzada" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ခရူးဆိတ် စစ်ပွဲများ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခရူးဆိတ် စစ်ပွဲများ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%BC%C3%BCztog" title="Krüüztog - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Krüüztog" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D" title="क्रुसेड्स् - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="क्रुसेड्स्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruistocht" title="Kruistocht - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kruistocht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krosstog" title="Krosstog - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Krosstog" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bons articles"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korstog" title="Korstog - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Korstog" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crou%C3%A9sade" title="Crouésade - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Crouésade" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Дзуары балцытæ - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дзуары балцытæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82" title="ਸਲੀਬੀ ਜੰਗਾਂ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਲੀਬੀ ਜੰਗਾਂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro%C3%A9sades" title="Croésades - picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Croésades" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krucjata" title="Krucjata - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Krucjata" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosi%C3%A0" title="Crosià - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Crosià" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="صلیبی جنگاں - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صلیبی جنگاں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%AC%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%90" title="صليبي جگړې - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="صليبي جگړې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruzada" title="Cruzada - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cruzada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruciad%C4%83" title="Cruciadă - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cruciadă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Крестовые походы - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крестовые походы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Хрестовы походы - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хрестовы походы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кириэс похуоттар - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кириэс похуоттар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crutzadas" title="Crutzadas - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Crutzadas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruciati" title="Cruciati - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cruciati" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%BEarski_ratovi" title="Križarski ratovi - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Križarski ratovi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%83_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0" title="කුරුස යුද්ධ - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කුරුස යුද්ධ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Crusades" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%BEiacka_v%C3%BDprava" title="Križiacka výprava - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Križiacka výprava" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kri%C5%BEarske_vojne" title="Križarske vojne - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Križarske vojne" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weeraradii_Siliibiyiinta" title="Weeraradii Siliibiyiinta - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Weeraradii Siliibiyiinta" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryq%C3%ABzatat" title="Kryqëzatat - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kryqëzatat" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Крсташки ратови - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Крсташки ратови" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korst%C3%A5g" title="Korståg - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Korståg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita_za_Misalaba" title="Vita za Misalaba - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vita za Misalaba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="சிலுவைப் போர்கள் - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிலுவைப் போர்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="క్రూసేడులు - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్రూసేడులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94" title="สงครามครูเสด - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามครูเสด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%C3%A7ly_%C3%BD%C3%B6ri%C5%9Fler" title="Haçly ýörişler - turcmèn" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Haçly ýörişler" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcmèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Krusada" title="Mga Krusada - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga Krusada" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%C3%A7l%C4%B1_Seferleri" title="Haçlı Seferleri - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Haçlı Seferleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4re_yawlar%C4%B1" title="Täre yawları - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Täre yawları" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%84%D9%89%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%89%DA%AD_%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%82%DB%95_%D9%8A%DB%88%D8%B1%DB%88%D8%B4_%D9%82%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B4%D9%89" title="سەلىپنىڭ شەرققە يۈرۈش قىلىشى - oigor" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سەلىپنىڭ شەرققە يۈرۈش قىلىشى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="oigor" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Хрестові походи - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хрестові походи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="صلیبی جنگیں - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="صلیبی جنگیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salib_yurishlari" title="Salib yurishlari - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Salib yurishlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozade" title="Crozade - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Crozade" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%ADp_t%E1%BB%B1_chinh" title="Thập tự chinh - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thập tự chinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruustochtn" title="Kruustochtn - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kruustochtn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croejh%C3%A5de_(guere)" title="Croejhåde (guere) - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Croejhåde (guere)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krusada" title="Krusada - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Krusada" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xarey_j%C3%B3o%C3%B1e" title="Xarey jóoñe - wòlof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xarey jóoñe" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wòlof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E5%86%9B%E4%B8%9C%E5%BE%81" title="十字军东征 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="十字军东征" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ჯვაროსანული ლაშქუეფი - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯვაროსანული ლაშქუეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%92" title="קרייצצוג - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קרייצצוג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibcihginh_doengcwngh" title="Cibcihginh doengcwngh - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Cibcihginh doengcwngh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E8%BB%8D%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%81" title="十字軍東征 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="十字軍東征" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E8%BB%8D%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%81" title="十字軍東征 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="十字軍東征" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%CC%8Dp-j%C4%AB-kun" title="Si̍p-jī-kun - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Si̍p-jī-kun" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E8%BB%8D%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%81" title="十字軍東征 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="十字軍東征" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12546#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Crosada" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Crosada&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Crosada"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bóstia d'aisinas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bóstia d'aisinas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aisinas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai d'opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Crosada"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=history"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generau </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_ligadas/Crosada" title="Lista de las paginas ligadas a aquesta. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Paginas connèxas</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguit_dels_ligams/Crosada" rel="nofollow" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments de las paginas ligadas a aquesta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seguit dels ligams</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=oc" title="Mandar un imatge o fichièr mèdia sul servidor [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Importar un fichièr</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_especialas" title="Lista de totas las paginas especialas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paginas especialas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&oldid=2433089" title="Ligam permanent cap a aquesta version de la pagina"><span>Ligam permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=info" title="Mai d’informacion sus aquesta pagina"><span>Informacion sus la pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Crosada&id=2433089&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacions sus cossí citar aquesta pagina"><span>Citar aqueste article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCrosada"><span>Obténer una URL acorchida</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCrosada"><span>Telecargar lo còdi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir / exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Crosada"><span>Crear un libre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Crosada&action=show-download-screen"><span>Telecargar coma PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&printable=yes" title="Version imprimibla d'aquesta pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimibla</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dins d'autres projèctes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crusades" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12546" title="Ligam cap a l’element de referencial de las donadas connectadas [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-1000_articles_fondamentals" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span title="Tièra de 1000 articles que totas las Wikipèdias deurián aver."><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="//oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Ti%C3%A8ra_de_1000_articles_que_totas_las_Wikip%C3%A8dias_deuri%C3%A1n_aver"><img alt="Tièra de 1000 articles que totas las Wikipèdias deurián aver." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/1000F.png/24px-1000F.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/1000F.png/36px-1000F.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/1000F.png/49px-1000F.png 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="908" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-dialecte-provençau" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span title="Aqueste article es redigit en provençau."><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="//oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proven%C3%A7au"><img alt="Aqueste article es redigit en provençau." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/30px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/45px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/60px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png/500px-Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png/750px-Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png/1000px-Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png 2x" data-file-width="1997" data-file-height="1188" /></a><figcaption>Mapa de las crosadas (<i>Larousse de 1922</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Lei <b>Crosadas</b> son un ensems d'expedicions militaras realizadas entre lei sègles XI e XIII a l'apèu de la papautat per reconquistar lei Luòcs Sants conquistats o menaçats per lei Musulmans. Per extension, lo mot designa tanben leis expedicions dirigidas còntra lei crestians o lei musulmans dins d'autrei regions d'Euròpa, principalament en <a href="/wiki/Occit%C3%A0nia" title="Occitània">Occitània</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Espanha" title="Espanha">Espanha</a>, còntra lei populacions jutjadas ereticas. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crosadas_d'Orient"><span id="Crosadas_d.27Orient"></span>Crosadas d'Orient</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Crosadas d'Orient" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Crosadas d'Orient"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Causas_generalas">Causas generalas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Causas generalas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Causas generalas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lei_causas_religiosas">Lei causas religiosas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei causas religiosas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei causas religiosas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="L'accès_ai_Luòcs_Sants"><span id="L.27acc.C3.A8s_ai_Lu.C3.B2cs_Sants"></span>L'accès ai Luòcs Sants</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : L'accès ai Luòcs Sants" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'accès ai Luòcs Sants"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins una societat prefondament cresenta, lei Luòcs Sants de Jerusalèm èran un element fòrça important per lei Crestians qu'i realizavan de romavatges nombrós. La conquista de la region per lei Musulmans en <a href="/wiki/638" class="mw-redirect" title="638">638</a> cambièt pas tròp la situacion. D'efèct, maugrat quauquei friccions, leis Arabis èran relativament tolerants envèrs lei Crestians e lei <a href="/wiki/Josieus" class="mw-redirect" title="Josieus">Josieus</a>. Pasmens, a partir dau sègle X, l'aumentacion de la seguritat dau transpòrt dins lei zonas orientalas de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Mediterran%C3%A8a" title="Mar Mediterranèa">Mar Mediterranèa</a>, e donc dau viatge vèrs Jerusalèm, entraïnèt l'aparicion de romavatges gropats, e de còp armats, enterin que lo nombre de romieus èra mai e mai important. Lei relacions ambé leis autoritats musulmanas de la vila de <a href="/wiki/Jerusal%C3%A8m" title="Jerusalèm">Jerusalèm</a> venguèron donc pauc a pauc delicatas. De rumors de chaples de romieus apaguèron, especialament en causa dau testimoniatge de monges coma <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8ire_l%27Ermita" title="Pèire l'Ermita">Pèire l'Ermita</a>, après una expedicion quasi exterminada en 1064 per lei Bedoïns e lei populacions turcas. Aquelei chaples èran generalament lo fach de tropas de bandits que l'activitat èra variabla. Per exemple, entre <a href="/wiki/1085" class="mw-redirect" title="1085">1085</a> e <a href="/wiki/1092" class="mw-redirect" title="1092">1092</a>, unei romavatges aguèron luòc sensa problema particular. Pasmens, lei chaples creèron pauc a pauc l'idèa en Occident que la via vèrs lei Luòcs Sants èra menaçada. D'autra part, la preséncia dei musulmans dins la region èra tanben considerada coma una ocupacion de tèrras crestianas presas durant leis invasions aràbias dau sègle VII. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="La_«_guèrra_justa_»_dei_Crestians"><span id="La_.C2.AB_gu.C3.A8rra_justa_.C2.BB_dei_Crestians"></span>La « guèrra justa » dei Crestians</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : La « guèrra justa » dei Crestians" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La « guèrra justa » dei Crestians"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En fòra dei menaças eventualas sus l'accès ai Luòcs Sants dau Crestianisme, lei Crosadas son una consequéncia deis idèas desvolopadas per la Glèisa per defendre lei territòris e la religion crestians. Ansin, la Glèisa de Roma aviá creada pauc a pauc dins lo corrent dei sègles precedents una nocion de « guèrra legitima » còntra leis enemics dau Crestianisme. Aquela nocion permetriá ais autoritats papalas de mobilizar d'esfòrç importants de la societat, tant au nivèu militar qu'economic. </p><p>D'efèct, a partir dau sègle IV, la Glèisa acomencèt de teorizar l'idèa que la guèrra còntra leis enemics dau Crestianisme èra justa e legitima. Aquò permetèt de mobilizar de combatents durant lo periòde trebolat de la fin de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">Empèri Roman</a> e deis invasions barbaras. Lo cristianisme foguèt l'element federatiu de la classa dei chivaliers que se formèt progressivament au començament de l'<a href="/wiki/Atge_Mejan" class="mw-redirect" title="Atge Mejan">Atge Mejan</a>. Au sègle XI, l'ideau dau chivalier gropava donc talents guerrièrs e fe crestiana. Ansin, un combat còntra lei musulmans o leis eretics èra per lei combatents crestians de l'epòca l'ocasion privilegiada d'exercir son activitat de soudat e d'obtenir lo salut de son arma. Per exemple, es lo cas de <a href="/wiki/Godofred_de_Bouillon" title="Godofred de Bouillon">Godofred de Bouillon</a> que desirava d'obtenir lo perdon de sa participacion ais operacions militaras de l'Emperaire germanic còntra lo Papa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greg%C3%B2ri_VII_(papa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregòri VII (papa) (la pagina existís pas)">Gregòri VII</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lei_condicions_economicas">Lei condicions economicas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei condicions economicas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei condicions economicas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei condicions economicas durant lei Crosadas demorèron un factor segondari a respèct dei motius religiós. Pasmens, divèrsei factors economics europèus encoratgèron l'aflux de volontaris. Premier, la populacion aumentèt, permetent d'obtenir un nombre sufisent de personas capablas de partir vèrs l'Orient. De 48 milions d'abitants en <a href="/wiki/1100" class="mw-redirect" title="1100">1100</a>, la populacion d'Euròpa passèt a 61 milions en <a href="/wiki/1200" class="mw-redirect" title="1200">1200</a> puei a 73 milions en <a href="/wiki/1300" class="mw-redirect" title="1300">1300</a>. D'autra part, lei règlas de succession feodala poguèron permetre la partença de fius cadets de l'aristocràcia desirós d'obtenir de fèus. Pasmens, aquela observacion se deu nuançar per lo fach qu'un nombre important de caps d'ostaus poderós (Tolosa, Normàndia...) participèron tanben ais expedicions. Enfin, lei diferentei Crosadas permetèron la dubèrtura de vias comercialas novèlas que van obtenir un interès major au sen deis estats marchands europèus coma lei ciutats italianas de Venècia o de Genòa. Ansin, certaneis expedicions foguèron largament sostengudas per aquelei vilas, especialament per la mobilizacion dei flòtas de transpòrt e d'avitalhament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizacion_dei_Crosadas">Organizacion dei Crosadas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Organizacion dei Crosadas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Organizacion dei Crosadas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="L'iniciativa_de_la_Crosada"><span id="L.27iniciativa_de_la_Crosada"></span>L'iniciativa de la Crosada</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : L'iniciativa de la Crosada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'iniciativa de la Crosada"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg/220px-Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg/330px-Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg/440px-Stained_glass_St_Bernard_MNMA_Cl3273.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="2450" /></a><figcaption>Predicacion de la Segonda Crosada per Sant Bernat.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'iniciativa de la Crosada es generalament lo fach de l'autoritat papala relevada sus lo terran per la ierarquia de la Glèisa. Lo contraròtle de la Crosada per lo papa se melhorèt a mesura que d'expedicions foguèron mandadas. La presentacion oficiala deis expedicions evolucinèt tanben pauc a pauc. </p><p>Ansin, la proclamacion d'una Crosada es generalament una iniciativa papala. Una bofiga papala, o la decision d'un concili, fixava la data, leis objectius, lei rasons, lei privilègis donats ai membres de l'expedicion e, de còps, lei luòcs de passatge o de recampament dei tropas. Pasmens, levat de la Premiera Crosada, lo papa predicava rarament dirèctament la Crosada. Aqueu ròtle èra fisat a de legats o de clercs. Puei, durant la Premiera e la Segonda Crosada, l'apèu foguèt tanben retransmes per monges, d'ermitans o d'illuminats. Lei tèmas desvolopats per aquelei predicators son mau coneguts mai entraïnèron d'excès importants, especialament còntra lei comunautats josievas. </p><p>A partir dei Crosadas seguentas, lo papa aumentèt donc son contraròtle sus la predicacion. Lei legats la fisèron ais òrdres cistercians puei mendicants. Enterin, la presentacion oficiala evolucionèt e perdèt pauc a pauc son aspèct espirituala. Per exemple, dins lo corrent de la preparacion de la Premiera Crosada, l'expedicion es presentada coma una via de sauvament per lo fidèu. Pasmens, a partir de la Quatrena Crosada, lo mandadís d'una expedicion es tanben l'occasion per lo papa de vendre d'indulgéncias e l'expedicion perdèt progressivament una partida de son espiritualitat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_finançament_de_la_Crosada"><span id="Lo_finan.C3.A7ament_de_la_Crosada"></span>Lo finançament de la Crosada</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo finançament de la Crosada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo finançament de la Crosada"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo finançament de la Crosada varia en foncion dau periòde e de l'estatut dei membres de l'expedicion. A respèct dei premierei crosadas organizats per de senhors, lei fònts de sòus evolucionèron ambé la partença dei rèis catolics principaus vèrs d'otís mai e mai organizats e institucionaus. Enterin, la papautat assaièt tanben d'ajudar lo finançament deis operacions per la creacion d'impòsts visant lo clergat aumentats puei d'expedients divèrs. </p><p>Ansin, lei senhors participant a la Premiera Crosada deguèron generalament engatjar o vendre una partida de sei fèus. Per exemple, es lo cas de <a href="/wiki/Godofred_de_Bouillon" title="Godofred de Bouillon">Godofred de Bouillon</a>. L'excepcion principala èra Ramon IV de Tolosa que capitèt de reünir de finanças importantas gràcias a la dòt de sa frema, per una desvaluacion de la moneda dau comtat de Tolosa e per lo pilhatge dei regions conquistas. Pasmens, aqueu finançament privat foguèt rapidàment abandonant o completat per d'autrei mesuras. </p><p>Pasmens, tre lo començament dau sègle XII, lo sistèma venguèt pus oficiau e organizat. Lei senhors acomencèron de levar una contribucion excepcionala entre lei vassaus que venián pas en Crosada. Lo rèi Loís VII de França utilizèt un mejan similar per la Crosada de 1147, visant magerament lo clergat dau domeni reiau. Puei, a partir de la segonda mitat dau sègle XII, una taxacion pus regulara foguèt adoptat per lei sobeirans europèus. Per exemple, en <a href="/wiki/1183" class="mw-redirect" title="1183">1183</a>, un sistèma d'impòst proporcionau ai bens possedits foguèt adoptat en França puei en Anglatèrra. Enfin, a partir de <a href="/wiki/1187" class="mw-redirect" title="1187">1187</a>, lo papa autorizèt l'existéncia d'impòsts de crosada levats entre lei personas que restavan en Euròpa. </p><p>Enterin, lo papa assaièt tanben d'aumentar sei finanças e de crear un tesaur important capable de finançar una partida de la Crosada. L'encaminament foguèt similar a aquelei dei rèis e deis estats. Ansin, lei premierei fònts de finançament, principalament lei dons dei fidèus, foguèron rapidament insufisents e un sistèma pus organizat foguèt mes en plaça. D'efèct, a partir de <a href="/wiki/1200" class="mw-redirect" title="1200">1200</a>, lo papa creèt un impòst especiau per lo clergat. Lo taus d'aquela imposicion evolucionèt durant lo sègle XIII mai venguèt tanben insufisent. La Glèisa deguèt donc utlizar d'expedients coma lei legats, lei rescats de vòts o la venda d'indulgéncias. Lei sòus èran generalament donats directament au cap de la Crosada mai certanei papas, coma Gregòri IX, utilizèron aquelei còmptes per d'autrei fins que l'expedicion en Tèrra Santa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Debanament_dei_Crosadas">Debanament dei Crosadas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Debanament dei Crosadas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Debanament dei Crosadas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Premiera_Crosada_(1095-1099)"><span id="Premiera_Crosada_.281095-1099.29"></span>Premiera Crosada (1095-1099)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Premiera Crosada (1095-1099)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Premiera Crosada (1095-1099)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg/220px-Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg/330px-Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg/440px-Carte_de_la_premiere_croisade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1386" /></a><figcaption>Camin pres per la Premiera Crosada.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png/220px-Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png/330px-Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png/440px-Orient_Mejan_-_Fin_de_la_Premiera_Crosada.png 2x" data-file-width="703" data-file-height="929" /></a><figcaption>Mediterranèa Orientala e <a href="/wiki/Reiaume_Arm%C3%A8ni_de_Cil%C3%ADcia" title="Reiaume Armèni de Cilícia">Reiaume Armèni de Cilícia</a> après la fin de la Premiera Crosada.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/wiki/Primi%C3%A8ra_Crosada" title="Primièra Crosada">Premiera Crosada</a>.</i> </p><p>Vèrs <a href="/wiki/1074" class="mw-redirect" title="1074">1074</a>, tres ans après lo desastre bizantin de la <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Manzikert" class="mw-redirect" title="Batalha de Manzikert">batalha de Manzikert</a>, lo <a href="/wiki/Papa" title="Papa">papa</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greg%C3%B2ri_VII_(papa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregòri VII (papa) (la pagina existís pas)">Gregòri VII</a> assaièt de mobilizar l'ensems dei Crestians d'Occident per ajudar lei Crestians d'Orient, menaçats per lei progrès turcs. Pasmens, son projècte desboquèt pas e foguèt tornarmai prepausat en <a href="/wiki/1095" class="mw-redirect" title="1095">1095</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Urban_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urban II (la pagina existís pas)">Urban II</a> au concili de <a href="/wiki/Clarmont_d%27Auv%C3%A8rnhe" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarmont d'Auvèrnhe">Clarmont d'Auvèrnhe</a>. Suscitèt un estrambòrd un a fòga immens en Euròpa. </p><p>Una premiera Crosoda se dirigiguèt rapidàment vèrs l'Orient, compausada de romieus simples e mau armats. Foguèron aisament desfachs e anientats per lei turcs en <a href="/wiki/1096" class="mw-redirect" title="1096">1096</a>. Après aquela revirada, una segonda Crosada, organizada per la noblesa europèa, arribèt a <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ple" title="Constantinòple">Constantinòple</a>. Sei caps principaus èran <a href="/wiki/Godofred_de_Bouillon" title="Godofred de Bouillon">Godofred de Bouillon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Est%C3%A8ve_de_Bles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estève de Bles (la pagina existís pas)">Estève de Bles</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Ier_de_Normandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Ier de Normandia (la pagina existís pas)">Robert Ier de Normandia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boemond_de_Tarent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boemond de Tarent (la pagina existís pas)">Boemond de Tarent</a> e <a href="/wiki/Raimon_IV_de_Tolosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Raimon IV de Tolosa">Raimon IV de Tolosa</a>. </p><p>Ajudats per lei bizantins, lei crosats prenguèron Nicèa en junh de 1097 puei ataquèron Antiòquia. Dos sètges foguèron necessaris per assegurar la presa de la vila en junh de <a href="/wiki/1098" class="mw-redirect" title="1098">1098</a>. Lo premier se debanèt dau 21 d'octòbre de 1097 au 2 de junh de 1098 e permetèt la presa de la ciutat per lei crosats. Lo segond se debanèt dau 7 au 28 de junh de 1098 e opausèt lei crosats a una còntra-ataca turca. Maugrat de condicions malaisadas, lei crosats foguèron venceires e consolidèron sei posicions a l'entorn d'Antiòquia. En revenge, de dissensions esclatèron entre Crosats e Bizantins entraïnant la rompedura de l'aliança entre l'Empèri e la Crosada. Ansin, lo territòri d'Antiòquia foguèt conservat per lei crosats e la region venguèt lo fèu de Boemond de Tarent. En genier de 1099, lo rèsta de l'expedicion se dirigiguèt vèrs Jerusalèm. La vila es presa lo 15 de julhet de <a href="/wiki/1099" class="mw-redirect" title="1099">1099</a> e una partida de la garnison musulmana foguèt massacrada maugrat l'intervencion de Raimond de Tolosa. </p><p>Après aqueu succès, leis operacions militaras contunièron car lei caps crosats assaièron de conquistar de fèus a l'entorn dei territòris capturats. Aquelei campanhas permetèron la formacion d'estats latins cargats de defendre lei Luòcs Sants còntra un retorn dei fòrças turcas. Ansin, lei Crosats fondèron lo <a href="/wiki/Comtat_d%27Edessa" title="Comtat d'Edessa">Comtat d'Edessa</a>, lo <a href="/wiki/Comtat_de_Tr%C3%ADpol" title="Comtat de Trípol">Comtat de Trípol</a>, lo <a href="/wiki/Reiaume_de_Jerusal%C3%A8m" title="Reiaume de Jerusalèm">Reiaume de Jerusalèm</a> e lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Principat_d%27Anti%C3%B2quia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Principat d'Antiòquia (la pagina existís pas)">Principat d'Antiòquia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Segonda_Crosada_(1145-1149)"><span id="Segonda_Crosada_.281145-1149.29"></span>Segonda Crosada (1145-1149)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : Segonda Crosada (1145-1149)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Segonda Crosada (1145-1149)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Crosada" title="Segonda Crosada">Segonda Crosada</a>.</i> </p><p>Lei succès de la Premiera Crosada permetèron ais Estats latins de tenir la region durant lei premiereis annadas dau sègle XII. Pasmens, tre <a href="/wiki/1128" class="mw-redirect" title="1128">1128</a>, lo governador <a href="/wiki/Zengi" title="Zengi">Zengi</a> capitèt d'unificar leis estats musulmans de Mossol e d'Alèp. Puei, capitèt de prendre Edessa ai Crosats en <a href="/wiki/1144" class="mw-redirect" title="1144">1144</a>. La destruccion d'un estat latin entraïnèt la formacion d'una Crosada novèla dirigida per lo rèi Loís VII de França e l'emperaire germanic Conrad III. Pasmens, l'expedicion foguèt una revirada car lei dos sobeirans preferiguèron venir a Jerusalèm en romavatge puslèu que d'assaiar de reprendre Edessa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tresena_Crosada_(1189-1192)"><span id="Tresena_Crosada_.281189-1192.29"></span>Tresena Crosada (1189-1192)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : Tresena Crosada (1189-1192)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Tresena Crosada (1189-1192)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Tresena_Crosada.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Tresena_Crosada.png/220px-Tresena_Crosada.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Tresena_Crosada.png/330px-Tresena_Crosada.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Tresena_Crosada.png 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="605" /></a><figcaption>Victòrias de Saladin en 1187 e Tresena Crosada.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/wiki/Tresena_Crosada" title="Tresena Crosada">Tresena Crosada</a>.</i> </p><p>La Tresena Crosada foguèt entraïnada per lo desastre crestian de la <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Hattin" title="Batalha de Hattin">batalha de Hattin</a> lo 4 de julhet de 1187 e per la presa de Jerusalèm per Saladin lo 2 d'octòbre. En reaccion, lei rèis de <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> e d'<a href="/wiki/Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Anglatèrra">Anglatèrra</a> e l'emperaire roman germanic reüniguèron seis armadas per reprendre la vila santa. Pasmens, l'emperaire se neguèt per accident durant la traversada d'Anatòlia e la màger part de sei fòrças rintrèron en Euròpa. Ansin, lei tropas francesas e anglesas deguèron contuniar soletas la campanha. En <a href="/wiki/1190" class="mw-redirect" title="1190">1190</a>, desbarquèron vèrs Acre que foguèt enceuclada e presa en <a href="/wiki/1192" class="mw-redirect" title="1192">1192</a> après un sètge de dos ans. </p><p>Après la presa d'Acre, lei Francés rintrèron egalament en Euròpa. Leis Anglés contunièron la guèrra còntra Saladin. Venceires de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalha_d%27Arsof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalha d'Arsof (la pagina existís pas)">batalha d'Arsof</a>, capitèron de conquistar lo litorau de Palestina fins a Ascalon. Construguèron tornarmai lei forticacions de la region e assaièron de mandar doas ofensivas vèrs Jerusalèm en decembre de 1191 e junh de 1192. Dins aquò, Saladin aprofichèt l'alunchament entre leis Anglés e la còsta per menaçar lor linha d'avitalhament. Ansin, lei Crosats mau capitèron de conquistar tornarmai Jerusalèm. </p><p>Una trèva foguèt donc signada entre lei dos camps lo 3 de setembre de 1192 per tres ans. Lei Crestians conservèron lo litorau de Tir a Ascalon. De mai, la libertat de romavatge foguèt reconeguda per lei Crestians a Jerusalèm e per lei Musulmans a <a href="/wiki/La_M%C3%A8ca" title="La Mèca">La Mèca</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quatrena_Crosada_(1202-1204)"><span id="Quatrena_Crosada_.281202-1204.29"></span>Quatrena Crosada (1202-1204)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : Quatrena Crosada (1202-1204)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=14" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Quatrena Crosada (1202-1204)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png/220px-Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png/330px-Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png/440px-Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin_-_Partiment_apr%C3%A8s_la_Quatrena_Crosada.png 2x" data-file-width="1078" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>Partiment de l'Empèri Bizantin après la Quatrena Crosada (vèrs 1214).</figcaption></figure> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/wiki/Quatrena_Crosada" title="Quatrena Crosada">Quatrena Crosada</a>.</i> </p><p>La Quatrena Crosada acomencèt en <a href="/wiki/1202" class="mw-redirect" title="1202">1202</a> per l'apèu d'<a href="/wiki/Innocenci_III" title="Innocenci III">Innocenci III</a>. Son objectiu militar èra la presa d'Egipte, region pron rica per norrir una armada importanta. Lo transpòrt deguèt èsser realizat per la flòta de <a href="/wiki/Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Venècia">Venècia</a>. Pasmens, la manca de sòus dei Crosats per pagar lei naviris <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Republica de Venècia">venecians</a> e lei manòbras politicas dau dòge <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrico_Dandolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrico Dandolo (la pagina existís pas)">Enrico Dandolo</a> entraïnèron lo desvirament de la Crosada vèrs Constantinople. Ailà, lei Crosats participèron inicialament ai luchas de succession de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a> puei prenguèron e pilhèron la ciutat en <a href="/wiki/1204" class="mw-redirect" title="1204">1204</a>. Creèron un estat latin que subrevisquèt fins a <a href="/wiki/1261" class="mw-redirect" title="1261">1261</a> e la restauracion de l'Empèri. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cinquena_Crosada_(1217-1221)"><span id="Cinquena_Crosada_.281217-1221.29"></span>Cinquena Crosada (1217-1221)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : Cinquena Crosada (1217-1221)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=15" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Cinquena Crosada (1217-1221)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinquena_Crosada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinquena Crosada (la pagina existís pas)">Cinquena Crosada</a></i>. </p><p>La Cinquena Crosada foguèt tanben decidida per Innocenci III, totjorn còntra Egipte. Foguèt una revirada, principalament en causa dau fanatisme dau legat dau papa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrico_Pelage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrico Pelage (la pagina existís pas)">Enrico Pelage</a>. D'efèct, après quauqueis assais infructuós en Palestina, lei Crosats desbarquèron en Egipte e prenguèron <a href="/wiki/Damieta" title="Damieta">Damieta</a> en <a href="/wiki/1219" class="mw-redirect" title="1219">1219</a>. Lo sultan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Malik_al-Kamil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Malik al-Kamil (la pagina existís pas)">al-Malik al-Kamil</a> prepausèt adonc d'escambiar lo pòrt egiptian còntra Jerusalèm. L'ofèrta foguèt pas acceptada per lei Crosats en causa de divergéncias entre lei contingents diferents : lei Francés e lo rèi de Jerusalèm èran per acceptar, leis Italians èran còntra per poder crear una basa comerciala en Egipte e lo legat dau papa i èra tanben opausat car vouguèt establir l'autoritat papala sus la region. Ansin, la guèrra contunièt e lei Crosats assaièron d'atacar vèrs lo sud en direccion dau <a href="/wiki/Lo_Caire" title="Lo Caire">Caire</a> sota la direccion de Pelage. Pasmens, lor ofensiva, mau organizada, trobèt una resisténcia ben preparada e lei Crosats foguèron lèu enceuclats per la venguda deis aigas dau <a href="/wiki/Nil" title="Nil">Nil</a> e la flòta aiúbida. Lei Crestians deguèron capitular e cambièron lor libertat còntra la vila de Damieta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seisena_Crosada_(1228-1229)"><span id="Seisena_Crosada_.281228-1229.29"></span>Seisena Crosada (1228-1229)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : Seisena Crosada (1228-1229)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=16" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Seisena Crosada (1228-1229)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg/220px-Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg/330px-Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg/440px-Map_Crusader_states_1240-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="690" /></a><figcaption>Leis estats latins après la Seisena Crosada e la campanha de 1239-1241.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seisena_Crosada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seisena Crosada (la pagina existís pas)">Seisena Crosada</a></i>. </p><p>La Seisena Crosada foguèt entraïnada per la promessa facha en 1215 per l'Emperaire Frederic II de se crosar e per la desirança dau papa d'alunchar l'armada germanica de seis estats italians. Ansin, quand en 1227, Frederic èra totjorn pas partit per l'Orient en causa dei dificultats intèrnas de l'Empèri, foguèt excomunicat. Deguèt donc partir en 1228 enterin que lei princes de la dinastia Aiúubida èran en plena guèrra civila. Ansin, Frederic II capitèt de prendre tornarmai Jerusalèm, que venguèt rèi, per la negociacion diplomatica ambé lo sultan al-Malik al-Kamil d'Egipte. Pasmens, la vila aviá plus de fortificacions e, après la partença de l'Emperaire, una guèrra civila acomencèt entre Crosats partisans e adversaris de Frederic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Crosada_de_1239-1241">Crosada de 1239-1241</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : Crosada de 1239-1241" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=17" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Crosada de 1239-1241"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada_de_1239-1241&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crosada de 1239-1241 (la pagina existís pas)">Crosada de 1239-1241</a>.</i> </p><p>La Crosada de 1239-1241 es pas numerotada, benlèu car foguèt solament compausada de nòbles francés. L'expedicion, relativament ben preparada au nivèu militar, foguèt un succès. De negociacions ambé lei senhors musulmans permetèron la restitucion au reiaume de Jerusalèm de la màger part dei territòris perduts après la batalha de Hattin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Setena_Crosada_(1248-1254)"><span id="Setena_Crosada_.281248-1254.29"></span>Setena Crosada (1248-1254)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : Setena Crosada (1248-1254)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=18" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Setena Crosada (1248-1254)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Setena_Crosada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Setena Crosada (la pagina existís pas)">Setena Crosada</a></i>. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/1244" class="mw-redirect" title="1244">1244</a>, Jerusalèm, sensa fortificacions dempuei la Seisena Crosada, foguèt presa per lei Corasmis. Puei, lei 17 e 18 d'octòbre, una aliança dei senhors crosats e de l'emir Al-Mansor foguèt esquichadas durant la batalha de la Forbie. Aquò marquèt l'afondrament militar quasi definitiu deis Estats latins e entraïnèt lo mandadís d'una Crosada novèla en <a href="/wiki/1248" class="mw-redirect" title="1248">1248</a>. </p><p>Dirigida per <a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADs_IX_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Loís IX de França">Loís IX de França</a> e per l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%92rdre_dau_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Òrdre dau Temple">Òrdre dau Temple</a>, la Crosada ataquèt tornarmai lo pòrt de Damieta que foguèt aisament conquistat lo 6 de junh de 1249. Blocats per la venguda deis aigas dau Nil, lei Crosats se dirigiguèron vèrs Lo Caire en novembre de 1249. Pasmens, en causa de l'indisciplina de l'<a href="/wiki/Avans-g%C3%A0rdia" title="Avans-gàrdia">avans-gàrdia</a> de l'expedicion, foguèron desfachs a Mansorah (8-11 de febrier de 1250) e lo rèi francés foguèt capturat durant la retirada. Obtenguèt sa liberacion còntra l'evacuacion de la ciutat de Damieta e anèt en Palestina fins a <a href="/wiki/1254" class="mw-redirect" title="1254">1254</a>. Organizèt lei defensas dau reiaume de Jerusalèm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Uechena_Crosada_(1270)"><span id="Uechena_Crosada_.281270.29"></span>Uechena Crosada (1270)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : Uechena Crosada (1270)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=19" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Uechena Crosada (1270)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ueitena_Crosada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ueitena Crosada (la pagina existís pas)">Uechena Crosada</a></i>. </p><p>La Uechena Crosada foguèt entraïnada per Loís IX per luchar còntra lo sultan d'Egipte. Son objectiu èra Tunis que la rumor disiá que l'emir desirava de venir crestian. Lo desbarcament aguèt luòc en 1270 mai l'emir se convertiguèt pas. Au contrari, s'estremèt dins Tunis que lei Crosats acomencèron lo sètge. Pasmens, en causa dau manca d'aiga, lo camp crosat foguèt rapidament victima de malautiá e lo rèi Loís IX moriguèt lo 25 d'aost. Lo rèsta de l'armada signèt un tractat de patz avantatjós (indemnitats de guèrra... etc) ambé l'emir de Tunis e tornèt en França. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Novena_Crosada_(1271-1272)"><span id="Novena_Crosada_.281271-1272.29"></span>Novena Crosada (1271-1272)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : Novena Crosada (1271-1272)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=20" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Novena Crosada (1271-1272)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Novena_Crosada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novena Crosada (la pagina existís pas)">Novena Crosada</a>.</i> </p><p>Inicialament prevista per ajudar la Crosada de Tunis, l'expedicion dau prince <a href="/wiki/Edoard_I%C3%A8r_d%27Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Edoard Ièr d'Anglatèrra">Edoard</a> arribèt après la mòrt de Loís IX e participèt donc pas ai combats dau sètge de la ciutat. Decidiguèt donc d'anar en Orient e formèt la Novena Crosada. Leis estats musulmans èran tanben menaçats per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">Mongòls</a>. Edoard s'alièt donc amb aquelei darriers per atacar simltaneament. Pasmens, en causa d'una guèrra civila intèrna a l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">Empèri Mongòl</a>, l'ajuda esperada per leis Anglés foguèt limitada e la Crosada s'acabèt en <a href="/wiki/1272" class="mw-redirect" title="1272">1272</a> sensa resultat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Autrei_Crosadas">Autrei Crosadas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modificar la seccion : Autrei Crosadas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=21" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Autrei Crosadas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>D'autreis expedicions sonadas Crosadas foguèron mandadas en Euròpa. Ai sègle XII e XIII, foguèron generalament dirigidas còntra lei territòris musulmans per de contingents limitats, sovent d'un país unic, en Orient Pròche a l'iniciativa d'un rèi, d'un grop d'aristocratas o amb un objectiu pus politic que religiós. Ulteriorament, après la presa de Constantinòple per lei Turcs, quauquei Crosadas assaièron de luchar còntra lei Turcs dins lei Balcans per sostenir lei reaiumes crestians de la region fins au sègle XV. En fòra dei territòris musulmans, unei Crosadas foguèron mandadas còntra lei regions europèas non crestianas, magerament en Euròpa Orientala, o consideradas ereticas per la Glèisa. </p><p>Una partida importanta d'aqueleis expedicions aguèron d'objectius principalament politics. Certanei, coma la Crosada deis Albigés (1209-1229), van opausar de crestians entre elei dins de conflictes saunós e acarnats. Ansin, aqueleis expedicions, que seis eissidas foguéron de còps desastrosas per lei Crestians, van pauc a pauc fòrtament descredibilizar l'ideau e l'esperit de la Crosada. Lei principalas Crosadas d'aqueu tipe foguèron : </p> <ul><li>la Crosada de 1101.</li> <li>la Crosada norvegiana (1107-1100).</li> <li>la Crosada dei Wends (1147).</li> <li>la Crosada deis Enfants (1212).</li> <li>lei Crosadas nordicas dirigidas per Suècia o per l'Òrdre Teutonic còntra lei populacions d'Euròpa Orientala non crestianas o fidèlas de la Glèisa Ortodòxa.</li> <li>la Crosada deis Albigés (1209-1229).</li> <li>la Crosada dei Stedingers (1232-1234) mandada còntra una populacion catolica en revòuta còntra son arquevèsque.</li> <li>lei Crosadas còntra lei Tatars.</li> <li>la Crosada aragonesa (1284-1285) dirigida còntra lo rèi d'Aragon.</li> <li>la Crosada d'Alexàndria (1365) que foguèt una operacion navala limitada còntra lo pòrt egiptian.</li> <li>la Crosada de l'arquevesque de Norwich durant leis annadas 1380.</li> <li>la Crosada de Mahdia (1390) còntra lei piratas d'Africa dau Nòrd.</li> <li>lei Crosadas balcanicas entre 1396 e 1456 per luchar còntra lei Turcs.</li> <li>la Crosada Hussita entre 1420 e 1434.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Crosada_de_1101">La Crosada de 1101</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modificar la seccion : La Crosada de 1101" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=22" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Crosada de 1101"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada_de_1101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crosada de 1101 (la pagina existís pas)">Crosada de 1101</a></i>. </p><p>La Crosada de <a href="/wiki/1101" class="mw-redirect" title="1101">1101</a> foguèt la segonda expedicion crestiana en direccion de l'Orient Pròche. Partida de Constantinòple, l'expedicion capitèt de s'emparar d'Ankara lo 23 de junh avans d'èsser esquichada lo 31 de julhet dins Eraclèa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Crosada_norvegiana_(1107-1100)"><span id="La_Crosada_norvegiana_.281107-1100.29"></span>La Crosada norvegiana (1107-1100)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modificar la seccion : La Crosada norvegiana (1107-1100)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=23" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Crosada norvegiana (1107-1100)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada_norvegiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crosada norvegiana (la pagina existís pas)">Crosada norvegiana</a></i>. </p><p>La Crosada norvegiana se debanèt de 1107 a 1110. Principalament navala, la campanha obtenguèt divèrsei succès en <a href="/wiki/Mar_Mediterran%C3%A8a" title="Mar Mediterranèa">Mediterranèa</a> entre 1107 e 1109 avans d'ajudar lei Crosats francs au sètge de Sidon en 1110. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Crosada_dei_Wends_(1147)"><span id="La_Crosada_dei_Wends_.281147.29"></span>La Crosada dei Wends (1147)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modificar la seccion : La Crosada dei Wends (1147)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=24" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Crosada dei Wends (1147)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada_dei_Wends&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crosada dei Wends (la pagina existís pas)">Crosada dei Wends</a></i>. </p><p>Aquela crosada se debanèt durant la Segonda Crosada. Foguèt una expedicion danesa e saxona còntra leis Eslaus polabians non crestians. Lei Crosats capitèron quauquei succès mai foguèron finalament pas capables d'obtenir la conversion au catolicisme de la populacion. Pus tard, d'autrei campanhas aguèron luòc dins la region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_Crosadas_nòrdicas"><span id="Lei_Crosadas_n.C3.B2rdicas"></span>Lei Crosadas nòrdicas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei Crosadas nòrdicas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=25" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei Crosadas nòrdicas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei Crosadas nòrdicas son un ensems de crosadas dirigidas per Suècia e l'Òrdre Teutonic còntra lei populacions d'Euròpa Orientala qu'èran pas catolicas. Permetèron la creacion de dos estats poderós durant la fin de l'Edat Mejana gràcias a la conquista de territòris au nòrd de Polonha per l'Òrdre Teutonic e de territòris en direccion de Russia per Suècia. </p><p>Tre lo començament dau sègle XIII, l'Òrdre Teutonic, creat durant la <a href="/wiki/Tresena_Crosada" title="Tresena Crosada">Tresena Crosada</a> foguèt mandat en Euròpa Orientala. En 1198, acomencèron una premiera campanha còntra Livònia. Aquò foguèt la premiera etapa d'un ensems d'operacions militaras que van permetre a l'Òrdre Teutonic de conquistar lei regions baltas e lo nòrd de Polonha. Assaièron egalament de s'emparar dei territòris, sensa succès, fidèus a la Glèisa Ortodòxa en Russia, especialament còntra Novgorod. </p><p>De son caire, Suècia mandèt tres tièras de campanhas que foguèron dichas Crosada per leis istorians suedés dau sègle XIX. Permetèron au país de faire la conquista de Finlàndia. Pasmens, aquelei territòris èran ja majoritariament crestians e aqueleis expedicions, qu'obtenguèron pas totjorn la benediccion de la papautat, son donc puslèu de campanhas militaras de conquista ordinàrias. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crosada_deis_Albigés_(1209-1229)"><span id="Crosada_deis_Albig.C3.A9s_.281209-1229.29"></span>Crosada deis Albigés (1209-1229)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Modificar la seccion : Crosada deis Albigés (1209-1229)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=26" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Crosada deis Albigés (1209-1229)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg/320px-Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg/480px-Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg/640px-Albigensian_Crusade_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="703" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>Lo papa Innocenci III escomenja leis albigés (senèstra), Chaple deis albigés per lei crosats (drecha)</figcaption></figure> <p><i>De veire: <a href="/wiki/Crosada_dels_Albigeses" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosada dels Albigeses">Crosada deis Albigés</a></i> </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Crosada_dels_Albigeses" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosada dels Albigeses">crosada deis albigés</a> foguèt declarada 1209 per lo papa <a href="/wiki/Innocenci_III" title="Innocenci III">Innocenci III</a> per anequelir l'eresia <a href="/wiki/Catarisme" title="Catarisme">catara</a> en <a href="/wiki/Occit%C3%A0nia" title="Occitània">Occitània</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foguèt executada principalament per lei nòbles e barons francés interessats per lei tèrras occitanas <i>expausadas en presa</i>. Aquò foguèt una lucha de vint ans que s'acabèt per la presa dau contraròtle dau <a href="/wiki/Comtat_de_Tolosa" title="Comtat de Tolosa">comtat de Tolosa</a> per lo <a href="/wiki/Reiaume_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Reiaume de França">Reiaume de França</a> e l'exterminacion dei catars.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Crosada_aragonesa_(1284-1285)"><span id="La_Crosada_aragonesa_.281284-1285.29"></span>La Crosada aragonesa (1284-1285)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Modificar la seccion : La Crosada aragonesa (1284-1285)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=27" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Crosada aragonesa (1284-1285)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>De veire : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada_Aragonesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crosada Aragonesa (la pagina existís pas)">Crosada Aragonesa</a>.</i> </p><p>La Crosada aragonesa foguèt entraïnada per leis inquietuds de la papautat en fàcia dei progrès aragonés en Mediterranèa occidentala que menaçavan Sicília. Sostengut per França, lo papa mandèt donc una Crosada còntra lo reiaume d'Aragon. Pasmens, après doas annadas de combats saunós, lo reiaume d'Aragon capitèt de replegar França que son rèi moriguèt de malautiá. Lo tractat d'Agnani marquèt la fin oficiala de la Crosada en <a href="/wiki/1295" class="mw-redirect" title="1295">1295</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Crosada_d'Alexàndria_(1365)"><span id="La_Crosada_d.27Alex.C3.A0ndria_.281365.29"></span>La Crosada d'Alexàndria (1365)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Modificar la seccion : La Crosada d'Alexàndria (1365)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=28" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Crosada d'Alexàndria (1365)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La Crosada d'Alexàndria foguèt una expedicion navala mandada en <a href="/wiki/1365" class="mw-redirect" title="1365">1365</a> per lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reiaume_de_Chipre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reiaume de Chipre (la pagina existís pas)">reiaume de Chipre</a>. Capitèt de s'emparar dau pòrt d'Alexàndria que foguèt pilhat. Après aqueu succès, lei Crosats se retirèron. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Crosada_de_Mahdia_(1390)"><span id="La_Crosada_de_Mahdia_.281390.29"></span>La Crosada de Mahdia (1390)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Modificar la seccion : La Crosada de Mahdia (1390)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=29" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Crosada de Mahdia (1390)"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La Crosada de Mahdia foguèt una expedicion navala de França e de la <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_G%C3%A8noa" title="Republica de Gènoa">Republica de Gènoa</a> còntra lei piratas d'aquela vila. Aquela darriera capitèt de resistir mai lei musulmans foguèron pas capables de rompre lo sètge dirigit per lei Crosats. Lei dos camps deguèron negociar la retirada de l'expedicion còntra lo pagament d'un tribut per lei piratas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_Crosadas_balcanicas">Lei Crosadas balcanicas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei Crosadas balcanicas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=30" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei Crosadas balcanicas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Destinadas au sostèn deis estats crestians balcanics, aquelei Crosadas deguèron faciar lei Turcs Otomans a la fin dau sègle XIV e durant lo sègle XV. S'acabèron generalament per de reviradas majoras dau camp crestian, culminant ambé lei victòrias turcas de Nicopolis en <a href="/wiki/1396" class="mw-redirect" title="1396">1396</a> o de Varna en <a href="/wiki/1444" class="mw-redirect" title="1444">1444</a>, que foguèt pas capable d'empachar lei progrès turcs dins la region fins au sètge de Viena en <a href="/wiki/1529" class="mw-redirect" title="1529">1529</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vejatz_tanben">Vejatz tanben</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Modificar la seccion : Vejatz tanben" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=31" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Vejatz tanben"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconquista" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconquista">Reconquista</a></li></ul> <table class="bandeau-categorie" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="clear:both; margin:0; border:none; background-color:transparent; padding:0"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td width="100%"> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Crosadas" title="Portal de las crosadas"><img alt="Portal de las crosadas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/24px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/36px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/48px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Crosadas" title="Portal:Crosadas">Portal de las crosadas</a></span> </span></li></ul></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referéncias"><span id="Refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Modificar la seccion : Referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=32" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110917012909/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,897752-1,00.html">Massacre of the Pure</a>." <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Time_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Time (magazine) (la pagina existís pas)">Time</a></i>. 28 April 1961.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/144695/Crusades/235534/Crusades-of-the-13th-century">Crusades of the 13th century</a>. Britannica Onlince Encyclopedia.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosada&action=edit&section=33" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>(en)</b> Abulafia, David. Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor (1988)</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Andrea, Alfred J. Encyclopedia of the Crusades. (2003).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Asbridge, Thomas. The First Crusade: A New History: The Roots of Conflict between Christianity and Islam (2005).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Asbridge, Thomas. The Crusades: The Authoritative History of the War for the Holy Land (2011).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> France, John. Western Warfare in the Age of the Crusades, 1000-1300 (1999).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Hillenbrand, Carole. The Crusades, Islamic Perspectives. (2000).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Holt, P.M. The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517. (1986).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Madden, Thomas F. The New Concise History of the Crusades. (2005).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Phillips, Jonathan. Holy Warriors: A Modern History of the Crusades (2010).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Riley-Smith, Jonathan. The Crusades: A History (2005).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Riley-Smith, Jonathan, ed. The Oxford History of the Crusades. (1995).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Riley-Smith, Jonathan, ed. The Atlas of the Crusades (1991).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Runciman, Steven. A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The First Crusade and the Foundations of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.; Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East 1100-1187. and Volume III: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades (1951–53), the classic narrative history; hostile toward the crusaders.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Tyerman, Christopher. God's War: A New History of the Crusades (2006).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Baldin, M. W., ed. The first hundred years (A History of the Crusades, volume, I) 1969.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Boas, Adrian J. Jerusalem in the Time of the Crusades: Society, Landscape, and Art in the Holy City under Frankish Rule (2001).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Bréhier, Louis. "Crusades," Catholic Encyclopedia (1908) vol 4.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Bréhier, Louis. "Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (1099-1291)," Catholic Encyclopedia (1910) vol 8.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Bull, Marcus, and Norman Housley, eds. The Experience of Crusading Volume 1, Western Approaches. (2003) 323pp).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Butler, R. Urban. "Urban II," Catholic Encyclopedia (1911).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Constable, Giles. "The Historiography of the Crusades" in Angeliki E. Laiou, ed. The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World (2001).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Edbury, Peter, and Jonathan Phillips, eds. The Experience of Crusading Volume 2, Defining the Crusader Kingdom. (2003) 326 paginas.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Edgington, Susan B., and Sarah Lambert, eds. Gendering the Crusades. (2002) 232 paginas.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Florean, Dana. "East Meets West: Cultural Confrontation and Exchange after the First Crusade." Language & Intercultural Communication, 2007, Vol. 7 Issue 2, pp144–151 in EBSCO.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Folda, Jaroslav. Crusader Art in the Holy Land, From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre (2005).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> France, John. Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade (1996).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Harris, Jonathan. Byzantium and the Crusades. (2003).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Hillenbrand, Car. The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives (1999).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Housley, Norman. The Later Crusades, 1274-1580: From Lyons to Alcazar (1992).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> James, Douglas. "Christians and the First Crusade." History Review (Dec 2005), Issue 53.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Kagay, Donald J., and L. J. Andrew Villalon, eds. Crusaders, Condottieri, and Cannon: Medieval Warfare in Societies around the Mediterranean. (2003).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Lane-Poole, Stanley. Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem (1898).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Maalouf, Amin. Crusades Through Arab Eyes (1989).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Madden, Thomas F. ed. The Crusades: The Essential Readings (2002), <a href="/wiki/Especial:Obratge_de_refer%C3%A9ncia/0631230238" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-631-23023-8</a>.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Madden, Thomas F. et al., eds. Crusades Medieval Worlds in Conflict (2010).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Munro, Dana Carleton. "War and History,' American Historical Review 32:2 (January 1927): 219–31. On medieval histories of the crusades.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Munro, Dana Carleton. The Kingdom of the Crusaders (1936).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Peters, Edward. Christian Society and the Crusades, 1198-1229 (1971).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Powell, James M. Anatomy of a Crusade, 1213-1221, (1986).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Queller, Donald E., and Thomas F. Madden. The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople (2nd ed. 1999).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Richard, Jean. Saint Louis: Crusader King of France (1992).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Riley-Smith, Jonathan.The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading, (1986).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Runciman, Steven. A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The First Crusade and the Foundations of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.; Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East 1100-1187. and Volume III: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades (1951-53).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Setton, Kenneth ed., A History of the Crusades. (1969-1989).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Smail, R. C. "Crusaders' Castles of the Twelfth Century" Cambridge Historical Journal Vol. 10, No. 2. (1951), pp. 133–149.</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Stark, Rodney. God's Battalions: The Case for the Crusades (2010).</li> <li><b>(en)</b> Tyerman, Christopher. England and the Crusades, 1095-1588. (1988).</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crosada&oldid=2433089">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crosada&oldid=2433089</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_mides_d%27imatge_que_contenen_px_addicionals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals (la pagina existís pas)">Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_redigit_en_proven%C3%A7au" title="Categoria:Article redigit en provençau">Article redigit en provençau</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:Portal:Crosadas/Articles_ligats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Portal:Crosadas/Articles ligats (la pagina existís pas)">Portal:Crosadas/Articles ligats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Crosada" title="Categoria:Crosada">Crosada</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias amagadas : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_macedonian" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en macedonian">Article de qualitat en macedonian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_angl%C3%A9s" title="Categoria:Bon article en anglés">Bon article en anglés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_lituanian" title="Categoria:Bon article en lituanian">Bon article en lituanian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_afrikaans" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en afrikaans">Article de qualitat en afrikaans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_latin" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en latin">Article de qualitat en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_arm%C3%A8ni" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en armèni">Article de qualitat en armèni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Bon_article_en_norvegian" title="Categoria:Bon article en norvegian">Bon article en norvegian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_esperanto" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en esperanto">Article de qualitat en esperanto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_de_qualitat_en_ch%C3%A8c" title="Categoria:Article de qualitat en chèc">Article de qualitat en chèc</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Refer%C3%A9ncia_qu%27utiliza_lo_mod%C3%A8l_Metaligam_cap_a_portal" title="Categoria:Referéncia qu'utiliza lo modèl Metaligam cap a portal">Referéncia qu'utiliza lo modèl Metaligam cap a portal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Portal:Ist%C3%B2ria/Articles_ligats" title="Categoria:Portal:Istòria/Articles ligats">Portal:Istòria/Articles ligats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Marrida_utilizacion_del_mod%C3%A8l_Multibend%C3%A8l" title="Categoria:Marrida utilizacion del modèl Multibendèl">Marrida utilizacion del modèl Multibendèl</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Paginas_utilizant_de_ligams_magics_ISBN" title="Categoria:Paginas utilizant de ligams magics ISBN">Paginas utilizant de ligams magics ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 6 abril de 2024 a 05.46.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. Vejatz las <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">condicions d’utilizacion</a> per mai de detalhs, e mai los credits grafics.<br /> Wikipedia® es una marca depausada de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organizacion de benfasença regida pel paragraf 501(c)(3) del còde fiscal dels Estats Units.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politica de confidencialitat</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Avertiments_generals">Avertiments</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Còdi de conducta</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Desvolopaires</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/oc.wikipedia.org">Estatisticas</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declaracion suls cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//oc.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crosada&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Afichatge mobil</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-76c6b8f495-t4vsq","wgBackendResponseTime":151,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.173","walltime":"0.240","ppvisitednodes":{"value":435,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":6189,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":607,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1026,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 133.701 1 -total"," 81.54% 109.015 1 Modèl:Multibendèl"," 78.56% 105.036 1 Modèl:Portal_crosadas"," 75.20% 100.537 1 Modèl:Metaligam_cap_a_portal"," 51.52% 68.883 1 Modèl:Categorizacion_badges"," 18.17% 24.296 1 Modèl:Seguiment_de_las_biografias"," 10.86% 14.520 1 Modèl:1000_fondamentals"," 10.77% 14.405 2 Modèl:Icòna_de_títol"," 5.07% 6.773 1 Modèl:Dialècte_Provençau"," 2.65% 3.537 1 Modèl:Metaligam_cap_a_portal/Categorizacion"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.049","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1924952,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-697b7966c5-msq7m","timestamp":"20241126182209","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Crosada","url":"https:\/\/oc.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crosada","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12546","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12546","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-01-18T09:51:55Z","dateModified":"2024-04-06T05:46:12Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d3\/Carte_des_croisades_avec_participation_des_Fran%C3%A7ais.png"}</script> </body> </html>