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He previously worked at The Washington Post as a Military Veterans in Journalism Fellow, as well as covering local news in New England.Â ","url":"https://taskandpurpose.com/authors/max-hauptman/","image":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/15/Image-from-iOS-6-scaled-e1639579424820.jpg?quality=85","sameAs":["https://www.twitter.com/thatmaxhauptman","https://www.instagram.com/maxhauptman/?hl=en"]}],"headline":"Urban warfare expert offers Ukrainians tips on battling Russians in close combat","datePublished":"2022-02-28T15:31:45-05:00","dateModified":"2022-02-28T15:31:45-05:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/"},"wordCount":1034,"publisher":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?quality=85","articleSection":["Around the World","News","Russia","Tactics","Tech & Tactics","Ukraine","Warfare"],"inLanguage":"en-US","ArticleBody":"The war in Ukraine is now in its fifth day, with tensions between Russia and NATO seemingly escalating by the hour. Refugees are streaming west, and Russian and Ukrainian officials reportedly met on Monday near the border with Belarus. Russian forces have, thus far, failed to capture Kyiv, the capital, or Kharkiv, Ukraine’s second-largest city, but both cities have faced intermittent shelling and attacks. Kharkiv is now reportedly coming under heavy shelling, with 11 people killed and dozens wounded. It is now a distinct possibility that both cities will be the scene of fierce urban combat. \n\nAgainst this backdrop, John Spencer, an expert on urban combat, wrote a detailed Twitter thread on Saturday offering advice on how Ukrainians might resist an attack on their cities. Spencer, the chair of Urban Warfare Studies at West Point’s Modern War Institute, served over 25 years as an infantry soldier, including two deployments to Iraq. Some of his advice, such as preparing simple Molotov cocktails, is already being seen on the streets of Kyiv.\n\n“Urban combat is the great equalizer,” said Spencer. “Defense is the strongest form of warfare, and cities are sponges that soak up troops and resources.” \n\nWhile Ukrainian forces may be outmanned and outgunned by Russia, the possibility of fighting in dense, urban terrain negates how effectively things such as surveillance and reconnaissance, artillery and armor can be used. \n\n\nhttps://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583308976189443\n\n\n“The density, construction, and complexity of man-made physical terrain in urban areas allows soldiers to rapidly use or shape the environment to further strengthen a defense plan,” wrote Spencer, along with Canadian Army Maj. Jayson Geroux in an article for the Modern Warfare Institute published earlier this month. “These plans should seek to break apart an attacking formation, separate mounted from dismounted forces, limit the attacker’s ability to maneuver, degrade military technologies like intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance and aerial strike capabilities, maximize surprise, and either defeat the attackers in detail or buy time for other tactical, operational, and strategic actions.”\n\nThe main advantage for defenders is canalizing movement into an urban environment with barriers and obstacles. Disabled vehicles, concrete barriers, buildings that have been reduced to rubble and other debris can all be used to shape the environment and force the enemy into tight spaces. \n\n\nhttps://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583313732571145\n\n\nIn 2004 in Sadr City, Iraq, “refrigerators, vehicle engine blocks and axles, rolls of concertina wire, wooden furniture, heaps of burning trash, and rotting meat,” were used by Mahdi militiamen to construct hasty obstacles, wrote Spencer and Geroux. Many cities already have barriers in place to restrict vehicular movement. \n\nLarge buildings or other reinforced structures can be turned into strongpoints.\n\n“The goal is to hold terrain, and a single building can be turned into a battlefield that can resist superior forces,” said Spencer. \n\nIn 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad, Russian troops held a single four-story apartment complex overlooking a large square for 58 days, fending off countless German infantry and mechanized attacks. \n\nUrban terrain also offers an advantage to defenders in being able to maneuver with little visibility to attacking forces. \n\n\nhttps://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583322381180929\n\n\n“Mouseholing – creating holes through interior and exterior walls – allows defenders to move through buildings and to alternate positions with limited visibility,” said Spencer. \n\nIt’s critical for defenders to stay out of the streets and out of sight, according to Spencer. In many instances, sheets or tarpaulins have been strung between buildings to obscure movement or weapons emplacements. Using existing buildings and tunnels – sewers or subways – allows defenders to operate in small groups, perhaps no more than 3-5 personnel, and fight from multiple positions. \n\n\nhttps://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583327875715072\n\n\n“You need to be able to be mobile, to hit a target, move, and hit it again from a different location,” said Spencer. “In Grozny [The capitol of Chechnya that has been the scene of several battles between Russian and Chechnyan forces] you had an irregular force that was very effective at this, basically creating a nightmare for the enemy.”\n\n“It’s kind of like Home Alone warfare,” added Spencer. \n\n\nhttps://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583331327700994\n\n\nThe urban environment is also the perfect terrain for snipers. “Operating in Baghdad in 2008, that was my biggest fear,” said Spencer. \n\nIn such a close environment, with poor visibility, even marksmen with limited training can effectively engage targets from countless firing points, even through buildings. “When someone is shooting at you and you can’t see where it is coming from, that creates havoc,” said Spencer.\n\nAs of Monday, Russian forces have made only limited incursions into Kyiv and Kharkiv. \n\n“A classic approach is to isolate a city and prepare for a surprise penetration,” said Spencer of the situation that has been developing over the past several days. “I think the shock and awe approach and inserting light forces to try and overwhelm the defense failed, so now you’re seeing them each night trying to find an opening, a route they can infiltrate and use to get into the city. \n\nShould that fighting around Kyiv and Kharkiv continue to escalate, it would be a worst-case scenario, for the soldiers on both sides, and most especially for the civilians caught in the crossfire. \n\n“Get underground if you can,” said Spencer. “Especially in a city like Kyiv that has an underground metro system, that’s the best place to be.”\n\nWhat’s new on Task & Purpose\n\nThe ‘Ghost of Kyiv’ is the first urban legend of Russia’s invasion of UkraineMan calls into public radio with tips on how to make Molotov cocktails in Ukraine‘Russian warship, go f–k yourself’ — Ukrainian troops make heroic last stand on Black Sea islandThe Navy is moving ahead with court-martial of a sailor accused of torching a $3 billion warshipMilitary nuclear experts explain the actual danger of troops battling in the shadow of ChernobylHere’s what those mysterious white ‘Z’ markings on Russian military equipment may mean\n\nWant to write for Task & Purpose? Click here. Or check out the latest stories on our homepage."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/","url":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/","name":"Urban warfare expert offers Ukrainians tips on fighting back in their cities","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?quality=85","datePublished":"2022-02-28T15:31:45-05:00","dateModified":"2022-02-28T15:31:45-05:00","description":"With Russian forces approaching Kyiv and Kharkov, an urban warfare expert offered advice on what combat in a dense city may look like","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/#primaryimage","url":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?quality=85","contentUrl":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?quality=85","width":1920,"height":1080,"caption":"Members of civil defense prepare Molotov cocktails in a yard in Kyiv, Ukraine, Sunday, Feb. 27, 2022. A Ukrainian official says street fighting has broken out in Ukraine's second-largest city of Kharkiv. Russian troops also put increasing pressure on strategic ports in the country's south following a wave of attacks on airfields and fuel facilities elsewhere that appeared to mark a new phase of Russia's invasion. (AP Photo/Efrem Lukatsky)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":"https://taskandpurpose.com/category/news/","description":"News and views from across the U.S. military and veteran community.","name":"News"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":"https://taskandpurpose.com/category/around-the-world/","description":"Military news based on region.","name":"Around the World"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":"https://taskandpurpose.com/category/ukraine/","description":"Military news related to Ukraine and the Ukrainian military.","name":"Ukraine"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Urban warfare expert offers Ukrainians tips on battling Russians in close combat"}],"numberOfItems":4,"itemListOrder":"Ascending","@context":"https://schema.org"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#website","url":"https://taskandpurpose.com/","name":"Task & Purpose","description":"Task & Purpose provides military news, culture, and analysis by and for the military and veterans community.","publisher":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#organization"},"alternateName":"Task And Purpose","inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#organization","name":"Task & Purpose","alternateName":"Task And Purpose","url":"https://taskandpurpose.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Task-and-Purpose-2.png?quality=85","contentUrl":"https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Task-and-Purpose-2.png?quality=85","width":3584,"height":730,"caption":"Task & Purpose"},"image":{"@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://facebook.com/taskandpurpose","https://x.com/taskandpurpose","https://www.instagram.com/taskandpurpose/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/taskandpurpose/","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSq3p5NKEtyp5Rjd4ctiEbg"],"publishingPrinciples":"https://taskandpurpose.com/about-task-purpose/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://taskandpurpose.com#/schema/person/6e79a28105f358356c37a420a5f66618","name":"Max Hauptman","description":"Max Hauptman is a former breaking news reporter at Task & Purpose. 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data-permalink="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/urban-warfare-expert-offiers-ukraine-tips-battling-russia-urban-combat/"> <header class="recurrent-article-full-width-hero mb-5" aria-label="Article Hero"> <nav class="article-breadcrumbs-wrapper mb-2" aria-label="Article breadcrumbs"> <a class="breadcrumb-link no-underline font-tertiary font-semibold text-accent-900 text-xs uppercase tracking-wide" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/category/news/">News</a> <div class="breadcrumb-arrow relative inline-block ml-1 mr-2 h-0 w-0 border-y-[4px] border-y-transparent border-l-[8px] border-l-accent-900 -top-[1px]"></div><a class="breadcrumb-link no-underline font-tertiary font-semibold text-accent-900 text-xs uppercase tracking-wide" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/category/around-the-world/">Around the World</a> <div class="breadcrumb-arrow relative inline-block ml-1 mr-2 h-0 w-0 border-y-[4px] border-y-transparent border-l-[8px] border-l-accent-900 -top-[1px]"></div><a class="breadcrumb-link no-underline font-tertiary font-semibold text-accent-900 text-xs uppercase tracking-wide" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/category/ukraine/">Ukraine</a> </nav> <h1 class="article-title font-primary text-secondary-900 text-4xl lg:text-15xl font-bold leading-2xl lg:leading-15xl mb-2">Urban warfare expert offers Ukrainians tips on battling Russians in close combat</h1> <div class="article-dek font-secondary text-base lg:text-2xl mb-2">“Urban combat is the great equalizer.”</div> <div class="flex flex-col gap-2"> <div class="article-byline lg:flex lg:flex-wrap lg:gap-2 w-full overflow-hidden mb-2 "> <div class="item-wrapper--author item-wrapper flex items-center mr-3"> <div class="byline-author-wrapper flex relative"> <p class="byline-item byline-item-author font-tertiary font-normal text-sm text-primary capitalize"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/authors/max-hauptman/">Max Hauptman</a></span></span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="item-wrapper--date item-wrapper flex items-center mr-3"> <div class="byline-date-wrapper flex relative"> <p class="byline-item byline-item-timestamp font-tertiary font-normal text-sm text-primary mb-0">Posted on Feb 28, 2022</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="article-layout-wrapper w-full flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-5 max-w-full"> <article id="post-251644" class="flex-auto post-251644 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-around-the-world category-news category-russia category-tactics category-tech-tactics category-ukraine category-warfare author_tag-max-hauptman exclude_tag-newsbreak exclude_tag-sangsang exclude_tag-smartnews exclude_tag-socialflow content_type-1-group content_type-2-page-type content_type-3-timeframe content_type-news content_type-non-evergreen content_type-non-membership"> <div 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https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?w=289&h=163 289w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?w=370&h=208 370w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?w=308&h=173 308w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/28/Molotov-cocktail-prep.jpeg?w=50&h=28 50w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px" fetchpriority="high" alt="Molotov cocktail prep" /> <div class="article-featured-image-caption-container"> <figcaption class="article-featured-image-caption font-primary font-normal text-sm text-secondary-800">Members of civil defense prepare Molotov cocktails in a yard in Kyiv, Ukraine, Sunday, Feb. 27, 2022. A Ukrainian official says street fighting has broken out in Ukraine's second-largest city of Kharkiv. Russian troops also put increasing pressure on strategic ports in the country's south following a wave of attacks on airfields and fuel facilities elsewhere that appeared to mark a new phase of Russia's invasion. 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class="article-paragraph skip">The war in Ukraine is now in its fifth day, with tensions between Russia and NATO seemingly escalating by the hour. Refugees are streaming west, and <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/28/russia-ukraine-war-putin-news/" target="_blank">Russian and Ukrainian officials reportedly met</a> on Monday near the border with Belarus. Russian forces have, thus far, <a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/russia-invasion-ukraine-kyiv/">failed to capture Kyiv</a>, the capital, or Kharkiv, Ukraine’s second-largest city, but both cities have faced intermittent shelling and attacks. Kharkiv is now reportedly coming under <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/28/russia-ukraine-war-putin-news/" target="_blank">heavy shelling</a>, with 11 people killed and dozens wounded. It is now a distinct possibility that both cities will be the scene of fierce urban combat. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Against this backdrop, John Spencer, an expert on urban combat, wrote a <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583307504046087" target="_blank">detailed Twitter thread</a> on Saturday offering advice on how Ukrainians might resist an attack on their cities. Spencer, the chair of Urban Warfare Studies at West Point’s Modern War Institute, served over 25 years as an infantry soldier, including two deployments to Iraq. Some of his advice, such as preparing simple Molotov cocktails, is <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://www.nytimes.com/video/world/europe/100000008230394/ukraine-molotov-cocktails.html" target="_blank">already being seen</a> on the streets of Kyiv.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“Urban combat is the great equalizer,” said <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://mwi.usma.edu/staff/john-spencer/" target="_blank">Spencer</a>. “Defense is the strongest form of warfare, and cities are sponges that soak up troops and resources.” </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">While Ukrainian forces may be outmanned and outgunned by Russia, the possibility of fighting in dense, urban terrain negates how effectively things such as surveillance and reconnaissance, artillery and armor can be used. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583308976189443" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"></a></blockquote> </div></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“The density, construction, and complexity of man-made physical terrain in urban areas allows soldiers to rapidly use or shape the environment to further strengthen a defense plan,” <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://mwi.usma.edu/defending-the-city-an-overview-of-defensive-tactics-from-the-modern-history-of-urban-warfare/" target="_blank">wrote</a> Spencer, along with Canadian Army Maj. Jayson Geroux in an article for the Modern Warfare Institute published earlier this month. “These plans should seek to break apart an attacking formation, separate mounted from dismounted forces, limit the attacker’s ability to maneuver, degrade military technologies like intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance and aerial strike capabilities, maximize surprise, and either defeat the attackers in detail or buy time for other tactical, operational, and strategic actions.”</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The main advantage for defenders is canalizing movement into an urban environment with barriers and obstacles. Disabled vehicles, concrete barriers, buildings that have been reduced to rubble and other debris can all be used to shape the environment and force the enemy into tight spaces. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583313732571145" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"></a></blockquote> </div></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">In 2004 in Sadr City, Iraq, “refrigerators, vehicle engine blocks and axles, rolls of concertina wire, wooden furniture, heaps of burning trash, and rotting meat,” were used by Mahdi militiamen to construct hasty obstacles, wrote Spencer and Geroux. Many cities already have barriers in place to restrict vehicular movement. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Large buildings or other reinforced structures can be turned into strongpoints.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“The goal is to hold terrain, and a single building can be turned into a battlefield that can resist superior forces,” said Spencer. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">In 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad, Russian troops <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://mwi.usma.edu/defending-the-city-an-overview-of-defensive-tactics-from-the-modern-history-of-urban-warfare/" target="_blank">held</a> a single four-story apartment complex overlooking a large square for 58 days, fending off countless German infantry and mechanized attacks. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Urban terrain also offers an advantage to defenders in being able to maneuver with little visibility to attacking forces. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583322381180929" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"></a></blockquote> </div></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“Mouseholing – creating holes through interior and exterior walls – allows defenders to move through buildings and to alternate positions with limited visibility,” said Spencer. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">It’s critical for defenders to stay out of the streets and out of sight, according to Spencer. In many instances, <a rel="nofollow noreferrer" href="https://mwi.usma.edu/defending-the-city-an-overview-of-defensive-tactics-from-the-modern-history-of-urban-warfare/" target="_blank">sheets or tarpaulins</a> have been strung between buildings to obscure movement or weapons emplacements. Using existing buildings and tunnels – sewers or subways – allows defenders to operate in small groups, perhaps no more than 3-5 personnel, and fight from multiple positions. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583327875715072" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"></a></blockquote> </div></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“You need to be able to be mobile, to hit a target, move, and hit it again from a different location,” said Spencer. “In Grozny [The capitol of Chechnya that has been the scene of several battles between Russian and Chechnyan forces] you had an irregular force that was very effective at this, basically creating a nightmare for the enemy.”</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“It’s kind of like <a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/culture/a-tactical-assessment-of-kevins-battle-plan-in-home-alone/">Home Alone warfare</a>,” added Spencer. </p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpencerGuard/status/1497583331327700994" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"></a></blockquote> </div></figure> <p class="article-paragraph skip">The urban environment is also the perfect terrain for snipers. “Operating in Baghdad in 2008, that was my biggest fear,” said Spencer. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">In such a close environment, with poor visibility, even marksmen with limited training can effectively engage targets from countless firing points, even through buildings. “When someone is shooting at you and you can’t see where it is coming from, that creates havoc,” said Spencer.</p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">As of Monday, Russian forces have made only limited incursions into Kyiv and Kharkiv. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“A classic approach is to isolate a city and prepare for a surprise penetration,” said Spencer of the situation that has been developing over the past several days. “I think the shock and awe approach and inserting light forces to try and overwhelm the defense failed, so now you’re seeing them each night trying to find an opening, a route they can infiltrate and use to get into the city. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">Should that fighting around Kyiv and Kharkiv continue to escalate, it would be a worst-case scenario, for the soldiers on both sides, and most especially for the civilians caught in the crossfire. </p> <p class="article-paragraph skip">“Get underground if you can,” said Spencer. “Especially in a city like Kyiv that has an underground metro system, that’s the best place to be.”</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-s-new-on-task-purpose">What’s new on <em>Task & Purpose</em></h2> <ul class="wp-block-list"><li><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/ghost-kyiv/"><strong>The ‘Ghost of Kyiv’ is the first urban legend</strong></a><strong> of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine</strong></li><li><strong>Man calls into public radio with tips on </strong><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/ukraine-molotov-cocktail-wnyc/"><strong>how to make Molotov cocktails in Ukraine</strong></a></li><li><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/ukraine-russia-snake-island-last-stand/"><strong>‘Russian warship, go f–k yourself’</strong></a><strong> — Ukrainian troops make heroic last stand on Black Sea island</strong></li><li><strong>The Navy is moving ahead with court-martial of a </strong><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/navy-court-martial-bonhomme-richard/"><strong>sailor accused of torching a $3 billion warship</strong></a></li><li><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/military-nuclear-experts-explain-dangers-fighting-chernobyl/"><strong>Military nuclear experts explain the actual danger of troops</strong></a><strong> battling in the shadow of Chernobyl</strong></li><li><strong>Here’s what those mysterious </strong><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/russian-military-equipment-white-markings/"><strong>white ‘Z’ markings on Russian military equipment may mean</strong></a></li></ul> <p class="article-paragraph skip"><strong>Want to write for Task & Purpose? </strong><a href="https://taskandpurpose.com/military-life/task-purpose-writing-pitching/"><strong>Click here</strong></a><strong>. 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vehicle </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block">‘A catastrophic kill’ — Experts break down armored combat seen through the sights of a Ukrainian vehicle</span> </h3> </a> <div class="card-post-byline-wrapper flex gap-2 items-center text-sm leading-1.4 font-semibold text-secondary-800"> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm pr-0 m-0"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/authors/max-hauptman/">Max Hauptman</a></span></span> </p> <span class="card-post-byline-separator">/</span> <time class="uppercase" datetime="2022-03-15T09:40:28-04:00"> Mar 15 2022 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/russia-invasion-ukraine-kyiv/"> <div 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class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/russia-invasion-ukraine-kyiv/" > <h3 class="card-post-title hover-link font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden"> Kyiv remains in Ukrainian hands as Russian forces menace capital </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block">Kyiv remains in Ukrainian hands as Russian forces menace capital</span> </h3> </a> <div class="card-post-byline-wrapper flex gap-2 items-center text-sm leading-1.4 font-semibold text-secondary-800"> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm pr-0 m-0"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/authors/jeff-schogol/">Jeff Schogol</a>, <a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" 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class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block">California to officially apologize for the WWII internment of Japanese Americans</span> </h3> </a> <div class="card-post-byline-wrapper flex gap-2 items-center text-sm leading-1.4 font-semibold text-secondary-800"> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm pr-0 m-0"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"></span></span> </p> <span class="card-post-byline-separator">/</span> <time class="uppercase" datetime="2020-02-18T14:01:46-05:00"> Feb 18 2020 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/kim-jong-un-purebred-horses/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?quality=85&w=600" srcset="https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png 600w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=301&h=200 301w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=325&h=216 325w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=280&h=186 280w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=289&h=192 289w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=370&h=246 370w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=308&h=205 308w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/22773045-1.png?w=50&h=33 50w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" loading="lazy" alt="Kim Jong Un keeps spending tens of thousands of dollars on horses from Russia" /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/kim-jong-un-purebred-horses/" > <h3 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loading="lazy" alt="Exclusive: US-Taliban ceasefire to begin on Feb. 22" /> </div> </a> <div class="post-content relative text-left"> <a class="card-post-title-link" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/afghanistan-truce-begins/" > <h3 class="card-post-title hover-link font-primary font-bold text-base lg:text-xl text-secondary-900 leading-tight"> <span class="mobile lg:hidden"> Exclusive: US-Taliban ceasefire to begin on Feb. 22 </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block">Exclusive: US-Taliban ceasefire to begin on Feb. 22</span> </h3> </a> <div class="card-post-byline-wrapper flex gap-2 items-center text-sm leading-1.4 font-semibold text-secondary-800"> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm pr-0 m-0"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/authors/jeff-schogol/">Jeff Schogol</a></span></span> </p> <span class="card-post-byline-separator">/</span> <time class="uppercase" datetime="2020-02-17T17:40:36-05:00"> Feb 17 2020 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/army-africa-casualty/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/19931575-1.jpg?quality=85&w=600" srcset="https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/19931575-1.jpg 600w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/19931575-1.jpg?w=369&h=200 369w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/19931575-1.jpg?w=399&h=216 399w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/19931575-1.jpg?w=280&h=152 280w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/19931575-1.jpg?w=289&h=157 289w, 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text-secondary-800"> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm pr-0 m-0"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"></span></span> </p> <span class="card-post-byline-separator">/</span> <time class="uppercase" datetime="2020-02-16T17:01:56-05:00"> Feb 16 2020 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mb-3"> <div class="card-post linkpack-post"> <a class="card-post-image-link block mb-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/news/border-wall-drains-pentagon/"> <div class="relative"> <img class="archive-post-thumb w-full aspect-thumbnail object-cover rounded-grid-post" src="https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/21993067-3.jpg?quality=85&w=600" srcset="https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/21993067-3.jpg 600w, https://taskandpurpose.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/21993067-3.jpg?w=355&h=200 355w, 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draining ever more of the Pentagon’s budget </span> <span class="desktop hidden lg:inline-block">The border wall is a succubus draining ever more of the Pentagon’s budget</span> </h3> </a> <div class="card-post-byline-wrapper flex gap-2 items-center text-sm leading-1.4 font-semibold text-secondary-800"> <p class="card-post-byline font-secondary font-semibold text-secondary-900 text-sm pr-0 m-0"> <span class="recurrent-byline"><span class="byline-segment"><span class="byline-text">By </span><a class="hover-link no-underline hover:underline" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/authors/jeff-schogol/">Jeff Schogol</a></span></span> </p> <span class="card-post-byline-separator">/</span> <time class="uppercase" datetime="2021-01-21T13:33:23-05:00"> Jan 21 2021 </time> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-span-full flex justify-center"> <a class="smart-linkpacks-see-more-link no-underline min-w-[281px] w-full md:max-w-[281px] h-auto rounded-3px py-3 px-6 inline-flex justify-center 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