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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Siste endringar</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Tilfeldig_side" title="Vis ei tilfeldig side [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Tilfeldig side</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Innhald" title="Hjelp til å bruke alle funksjonane."><span>Hjelp</span></a></li><li id="n-kontakt" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-query" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-query emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eksterne søk </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Normans" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83418" title="Lenkje til tilknytt element [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hovudside" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sider for utlogga bidragsytarar <a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Introduksjon" aria-label="Lær meir om redigering"><span>lær meir</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidraga_mine" title="Liste over endringar gjorde frå denne IP-adressa [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Diskusjonssida_mi" title="Diskusjon om endringar gjorde av denne ip-adressa [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-I_Normandie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_Normandie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>I Normandie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_Normandie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I_England" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_England"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>I England</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I_Skottland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_Skottland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>I Skottland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_Skottland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I_Irland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_Irland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>I Irland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_Irland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I_Middelhavsområdet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_Middelhavsområdet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>I Middelhavsområdet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_Middelhavsområdet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sjå_òg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjå_òg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sjå òg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjå_òg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kjelder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kjelder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kjelder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kjelder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innhaldslista</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Normannarar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 88 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">88 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannere" title="Normannere – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Normannere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normander" title="Normander – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Normander" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannere" title="Normannere – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Normannere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandi%C3%ABrs" title="Normandiërs – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Normandiërs" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannen" title="Normannen – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Normannen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نورمان – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نورمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandos" title="Normandos – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Normandos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandos" title="Normandos – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Normandos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanlar" title="Normanlar – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Normanlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D9%84%D8%B1" title="نورمنلر – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نورمنلر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="নর্মান জাতি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নর্মান জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_L%C3%A2ng" title="Norman Lâng – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Norman Lâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Нарманы – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нарманы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Нормани – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нормани" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normani" title="Normani – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Normani" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normaned" title="Normaned – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Normaned" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normands" title="Normands – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Normands" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman%C3%A9" title="Normané – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Normané" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normaniaid" title="Normaniaid – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Normaniaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannen" title="Normannen – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Normannen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannid" title="Normannid – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Normannid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%AF" title="Νορμανδοί – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νορμανδοί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normans" title="Normans – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Normans" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandos" title="Normandos – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Normandos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandoj" title="Normandoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Normandoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandiar" title="Normandiar – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Normandiar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="نورمن‌ها – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نورمن‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normands" title="Normands – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Normands" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandjers" title="Normandjers – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Normandjers" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normans" title="Normans – friulisk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Normans" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannaigh" title="Normannaigh – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Normannaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandos" title="Normandos – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Normandos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%8C%EC%9D%B8" title="노르만인 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노르만인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Նորմաններ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նորմաններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8" title="नॉर्मन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नॉर्मन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normani" title="Normani – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Normani" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Norman" title="Orang Norman – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Norman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannos" title="Normannos – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Normannos" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannar" title="Normannar – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Normannar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanni" title="Normanni – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Normanni" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="נורמנים – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נורמנים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ნორმანები – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნორმანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Нормандар – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нормандар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Норманндар – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Норманндар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanni" title="Normanni – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Normanni" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma%C5%86i" title="Normaņi – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Normaņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanai" title="Normanai – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Normanai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normande" title="Normande – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Normande" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normands" title="Normands – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Normands" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannok" title="Normannok – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Normannok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikkel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Нормани – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нормани" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B4rmana_(vahoaka)" title="Nôrmana (vahoaka) – madagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nôrmana (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_(%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4)" title="നോർമൻ (ജനത) – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നോർമൻ (ജനത)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanni" title="Normanni – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Normanni" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ნორმანეფი – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნორმანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نورمان – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نورمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Norman" title="Orang Norman – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Norman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandi%C3%ABrs" title="Normandiërs – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Normandiërs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E4%BA%BA" title="ノルマン人 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ノルマン人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normaunds" title="Normaunds – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Normaunds" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannlar" title="Normannlar – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Normannlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="نورمین – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نورمین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanowie" title="Normanowie – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Normanowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandos" title="Normandos – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Normandos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanzi" title="Normanzi – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Normanzi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Нормане – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нормане" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Норманны – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Норманны" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannos" title="Normannos – sardinsk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Normannos" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normandier" title="Normandier – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Normandier" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurmanni" title="Nurmanni – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nurmanni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normans" title="Normans – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Normans" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normani_(Normandia)" title="Normani (Normandia) – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Normani (Normandia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normani" title="Normani – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Normani" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Нормани – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нормани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normani" title="Normani – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Normani" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannit" title="Normannit – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Normannit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Normando" title="Mga Normando – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga Normando" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="நோர்மானியர் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நோர்மானியர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Норманнар – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Норманнар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="นอร์มัน – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นอร์มัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normanlar" title="Normanlar – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Normanlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Нормани – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нормани" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85" title="نارمن قوم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نارمن قوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Norman" title="Người Norman – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Norman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman" title="Norman – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Norman" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="诺曼人 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="诺曼人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="諾曼人 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="諾曼人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="諾曼人 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="諾曼人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83418#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Endra mellomspråklege lenkjer" class="wbc-editpage">Endra lenkjer</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Normannarar" title="Vis innhaldssida [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusjon:Normannarar&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusjon om innhaldssida (sida finst ikkje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Endre språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" 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accesskey="v"><span>Endre</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit" title="Endre kjeldekoden til sida [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Endre wikiteksten</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=history" title="Eldre versjonar av sida [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Sjå historikken</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" 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decoding="async" width="400" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Normans_possessions_12century-fr.png/600px-Normans_possessions_12century-fr.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Normans_possessions_12century-fr.png/800px-Normans_possessions_12century-fr.png 2x" data-file-width="1394" data-file-height="1012" /></a><figcaption>Dei normanniske områda på 1100-talet</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Normannarar</b> («nord-mennene») var opphavleg <a href="/wiki/Skandinavia" title="Skandinavia">skandinavar</a>, spesielt <a href="/wiki/Danmark" title="Danmark">danske</a> <a href="/wiki/Viking" class="mw-redirect" title="Viking">vikingar</a> som mot slutten av <a href="/wiki/800-talet" title="800-talet">800-talet</a> byrja å etablere seg i den nordlege delen av <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> som no blir kalla <a href="/wiki/Normandie" title="Normandie">Normandie</a>. Under <a href="/wiki/Hertug_av_Normandie" title="Hertug av Normandie">høvdingen</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rollo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rollo (sida finst ikkje)">Rollo</a> (moglegvis identisk med <a href="/wiki/Gange-Rolv" title="Gange-Rolv">Gange-Rolv</a>) svor dei truskap til <a href="/wiki/Karl_III_av_Frankrike" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl III av Frankrike">Karl III av Frankrike</a>, som i <a href="/wiki/911" title="911">911</a> gav dei eit område ved den nedre <a href="/wiki/Seinen" title="Seinen">Seinen</a> som dei etterkvart utvida til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hertugd%C3%B8met_Normandie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hertugdømet Normandie (sida finst ikkje)">hertugdømet Normandie</a>. </p><p>Dei tok til seg <a href="/wiki/Kristendom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristendom">kristendommen</a> og det <a href="/wiki/Fransk" title="Fransk">franske språket</a>, og skapte ein kulturell identitet som avveik både frå den skandinaviske og den franske. Normannarane var blant anna kjende for å vere driftige og for evna til å tilpasse seg, noko som førte til at dei med hell okkuperte fleire område i Europa. Spesielt viktige blant desse er <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sicilia" title="Sicilia">Sicilia</a>, men dei etablerte seg òg blant anna i <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland">Skottland</a> og på <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I_Normandie">I Normandie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: I Normandie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen I Normandie"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I løpet av <a href="/wiki/900-talet" title="900-talet">900-talet</a> gjekk dei nordiske vikingane over frå åtak langs dei franske elvane til meir eller mindre permanente busetjingar. I møtet med dei lokale innbyggjarane forsvann nordisk religion og språk, og vart erstatta med kristendom og <a href="/wiki/Normannisk_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Normannisk språk">normannisk språk</a>, basert på <a href="/w/index.php?title=O%C3%AFlspr%C3%A5k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oïlspråk (sida finst ikkje)">oïl</a>, eit lokalt språk som danna grunnlaget for fleire regionale språk i Frankrike. Normannisk er enno eit regionalt språk i Normandie, men har på grunn av ei avgjersle i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_franske_grunnlova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den franske grunnlova (sida finst ikkje)">Den franske grunnlova</a> ikkje status som offisielt språk. </p><p>Etter å ha etablert ein sikker base byrja dei å ekspandere, først innanfor dagens Normandie. Felttoga mot nærliggande stader vart for det meste leia av yngre søner som ikkje hadde utsikter til å arve, og andre som ikkje hadde nokon arverett i området. Normandie vart omtrent identisk med den gamle kyrkjelege provinsen med sete i <a href="/wiki/Rouen" title="Rouen">Rouen</a>. Regionen hadde ikkje nokre naturlege grenser. </p><p>Den framveksande <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B8ydalisme" title="Føydalisme">føydale</a> styreforma i Frankrike vart òg innført i Normandie. Både der og seinare i England vart det gjort modifikasjonar i systemet, slik at det vart tilpassa lokale tilhøve og alt i alt fungerte betre. </p><p>Krigarklassen til normannarane skilde seg frå det gamle franske aristokratiet. Mange av dei i sistnemnde kategorien kunne spore slekta si tilbake til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karolingisk_tid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karolingisk tid (sida finst ikkje)">karolingisk tid</a>, medan normannarane sjeldan kjende forfedrane sine meir enn nokre få generasjonar tilbake. Dei fleste av riddarane var òg fattige og hadde lite jord, og krigarar vart eksportert til andre land som leigesoldatar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I_England">I England</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: I England" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen I England"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I <a href="/wiki/1066" title="1066">1066</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_normanniske_invasjon_av_England&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den normanniske invasjon av England (sida finst ikkje)">invaderte</a> <a href="/wiki/Vilhelm_Erobraren" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilhelm Erobraren">hertug Vilhelm II av Normandie</a> England, og erobra landet. Normannarane erstatta <a href="/wiki/Angelsaksarane" class="mw-redirect" title="Angelsaksarane">angelsaksarane</a> som den herskande gruppa i England, og etter ein periode med opprør og mistru byrja dei to folkegruppene å blande seg gjennom ekteskap. Språka, normannisk og <a href="/wiki/Gammalengelsk" title="Gammalengelsk">gammalengelsk</a>, vart blanda slik at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mellomengelsk_spr%C3%A5k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mellomengelsk språk (sida finst ikkje)">mellomengelsk språk</a> etterkvart oppstod. Dette språket har til felles med <a href="/wiki/Engelsk" title="Engelsk">moderne engelsk</a> at det er eit <a href="/wiki/Germanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanske språk">germansk språk</a> med mange <a href="/wiki/Romanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Romanske språk">romanske</a> låneord. </p><p>Normannarane i England byrja etterkvart å identifisere seg som anglo-normannarar. Då <a href="/wiki/Hundre%C3%A5rskrigen" title="Hundreårskrigen">hundreårskrigen</a> braut ut identifiserte det anglo-normanniske aristokratiet seg først og fremst som engelsk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I_Skottland">I Skottland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: I Skottland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen I Skottland"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ein av dei som kravde den engelske trona i opposisjon til Vilhelm Erobraren var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edgar_Atheling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edgar Atheling (sida finst ikkje)">Edgar Atheling</a>. Han flykta til <a href="/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland">Skottland</a> med familien sin, og systera hans Margaret gifta seg der med kong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malcolm_Canmore_av_Skottland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malcolm Canmore av Skottland (sida finst ikkje)">Malcolm Canmore</a>. Det hadde då alt oppstått ei usemje mellom Malcolm og Vilhelm om grensa mellom Skottland og England. </p><p>Då Vilhelm invaderte Skottland i <a href="/wiki/1072" title="1072">1072</a> rei han sjølv heilt til <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Tay" title="Firth of Tay">Firth of Tay</a>, der han møtte flåten sin. Malcolm underkasta seg raskt, og overgav sonen sin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Duncan_II_av_Skottland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duncan II av Skottland (sida finst ikkje)">Duncan</a> som gissel. Dette var starten på ein lang strid om i kva grad den skotske krona var underlagt den engelske. </p><p>Fleire normanniske familiar bygde slott i Skottland. Den seinare kongen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_the_Bruce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert the Bruce (sida finst ikkje)">Robert the Bruce</a> var av normannisk avstamming, og det same gjeld fleire klanar i høglandet. Det normanniske føydalsystemet vart innført, men dei hadde liten påverknad på språket; innføring av engelsk i Skottland kom seinare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I_Irland">I Irland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: I Irland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen I Irland"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Trim_Castle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Trim_Castle.jpg/220px-Trim_Castle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Trim_Castle.jpg/330px-Trim_Castle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Trim_Castle.jpg/440px-Trim_Castle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Normannisk festning i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trim_i_Irland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trim i Irland (sida finst ikkje)">Trim</a> i grevskapet <a href="/wiki/County_Meath" title="County Meath">Meath</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Normannarane i <a href="/wiki/Irland" title="Irland">Irland</a> kom for det meste i mindre grupper, og slo seg på <a href="/wiki/1100-talet" title="1100-talet">1100-talet</a> ned i eigne busetjingar og slott. Dei vart raskt tekne opp i det irske samfunnet, og mange har sagt at dei vart meir irske enn irane sjølv. Ved seinare invasjonar frå England stod etterkomarane til normannarane på irsk side, kanskje først og fremst fordi dei ikkje ville underleggje seg London og betale skatt. </p><p>Det viktigaste normanniske området på Irland er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pale_i_Irland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pale i Irland (sida finst ikkje)">Pale</a> i aust. Fleire store slott, som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trim_Castle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trim Castle (sida finst ikkje)">Trim</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dublin_Castle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dublin Castle (sida finst ikkje)">Dublin</a>, vart bygd av normannarar. </p><p>Nokre irske namn har klart normanniske opphav, som Molyneux i <a href="/wiki/County_Kerry" title="County Kerry">Kerry</a> og Devereux i <a href="/wiki/Wexford" title="Wexford">Wexford</a> og blir uttalt Devericks som nokre òg stavar det. Andre samband er ikkje like openberre, slik som med Tobin som er vorte Toíbín på irsk og eigenleg er ei forvansking av franske ‘de St. Aubyn’. Alle namn som byrjar med ‘Fitz’, Fitzgerald, Fitzpatrick, Fitzsimons og vidare er av normannisk opphav. Fitz er rett og slett ein feiluttale av franske ‘fil si’ (‘son av’), og nytta indikerer ein aristokratisk bakgrunn. </p><p>Andre samband kan vere mindre opplagde og meir obskure, som til dømes Redmond, som er fonetisk uttale av irske Réamonn som igjen er ei direkte omsetjing av franske ‘le Groast’ i meininga ‘stor mann’. Det same namnet ‘le Groast’ har igjen vorte førenamnet Grace. Nokre normanniske namn er eit uttrykk for posisjonen til beraren, namnet Butler (eigenleg ‘tenar’) er ein etterkomar frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theobald_Fitzwalter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theobald Fitzwalter (sida finst ikkje)">Theobald Fitzwalter</a> som vart utpeikt til Chief Butler (Første Tenaren) av Irland av kong <a href="/wiki/Henrik_II_av_England" title="Henrik II av England">Henrik II av England</a> i <a href="/wiki/1177" title="1177">1177</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I_Middelhavsområdet"><span id="I_Middelhavsomr.C3.A5det"></span>I Middelhavsområdet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: I Middelhavsområdet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen I Middelhavsområdet"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nokre normanniske grupper søkte sørover, og etablerte basar i <a href="/wiki/Aversa" title="Aversa">Aversa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Capua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capua (sida finst ikkje)">Capua</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aoulia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aoulia (sida finst ikkje)">Aoulia</a> og <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>. Frå desse basane lukkast dei etterkvart i å erobre <a href="/wiki/Sicilia" title="Sicilia">Sicilia</a> og <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> frå <a href="/wiki/Sarasenarar" title="Sarasenarar">sarasenarane</a>. Områda dei etterkvart styrte som hertug- eller kongedøme var: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abruzzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abruzzi">Abruzzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Apulia">Apulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoli" title="Napoli">Napoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilia" title="Sicilia">Sicilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thessalon%C3%ADki" title="Thessaloníki">Thessaloníki</a></li></ul> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> utgjorde dei ein viktig politisk faktor. I strida mellom <a href="/wiki/Pave" title="Pave">pavar</a> og <a href="/wiki/Tysk-romerske_riket" class="mw-redirect" title="Tysk-romerske riket">tysk-romerske</a> keisarar stilte dei seg normalt på paven si side. Eit av dei viktigaste døma er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Guiscard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Guiscard (sida finst ikkje)">Robert Guiscard</a>, som var den einaste støttespelaren til pave <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_VII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregor VII (sida finst ikkje)">Gregor VII</a> i konflikten med keisar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henrik_IV_av_Det_tysk-romerske_riket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henrik IV av Det tysk-romerske riket (sida finst ikkje)">Henrik IV av Det tysk-romerske riket</a>. Denne striden førte blant anna til at normannarane angreip <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, der adelen støtta keisaren, og plyndra og brente store delar av byen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sjå_òg"><span id="Sj.C3.A5_.C3.B2g"></span>Sjå òg</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Sjå òg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Sjå òg"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Den_normanniske_invasjonen_av_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Den normanniske invasjonen av England">Den normanniske invasjonen av England</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kjelder">Kjelder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Endre bolk: Kjelder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normannarar&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kjelder"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ul><li><i>Denne artikkelen bygger på «<a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normannere" class="extiw" title="nb:Normannere">Normannere</a>» frå <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovedside" class="extiw" title="nb:Hovedside">Wikipedia på bokmål</a>, den 22. juli 2011.</i></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3515230">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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