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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en-us" lang="en-us"> <head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta name="copyright" content="(C) Copyright 2024" /> <meta name="DC.rights.owner" content="(C) Copyright 2024" /> <meta name="generator" content="DITA-OT" /><meta name="DC.type" content="bookmap" /> <meta name="DC.title" content="Oracle VirtualBox: User Guide for Release 7.1" /> <meta name="DC.format" content="XHTML" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="EN-VBOX-7-1-USER" /> <meta name="DC.language" content="en-US" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="commonltr.css" /> <title>Oracle VirtualBox: User Guide for Release 7.1</title></head> <body id="EN-VBOX-7-1-USER"><h1 class="title topictitle1">Oracle VirtualBox: User Guide for Release 7.1</h1><div><ul xml:lang="en-US" lang="en-US" class="map bookmap"><li class="topicref preface"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface">Preface</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface-audience">Audience</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface-reldocs">Related Documents</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface-conventions">Conventions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface-doc-accessibility">Documentation Accessibility</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface-accessibility">Access to Oracle Support for Accessibility</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/preface.html#preface-diversity">Diversity and Inclusion</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#Introduction">First Steps</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#virt-why-useful">Why is Virtualization Useful?</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#virtintro">Some Terminology</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#features-overview">Features Overview</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#frontends">Alternative Front Ends</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#hostossupport">Available Installation Packages</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#host-guest-matrix">Host and Guest Combinations</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#arm-host-limitations">Arm Host Limitations</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#hostcpurequirements">Intel Host CPU Requirements</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-installing">Installing Oracle VirtualBox and Extension Packs</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-starting">Starting Oracle VirtualBox</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#configuring_virtualbox">Configuring Oracle VirtualBox</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#preferences">Oracle VirtualBox Preferences</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#gui-experience-level">Experience Levels for VirtualBox Manager</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#gui-tools-global">Global Tools</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#add_vm">Adding Virtual Machines</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#create-vm-wizard">Creating a Virtual Machine</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#create-vm-wizard-name-os">Specify Name and Operating System</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#create-vm-wizard-unattended-install">Configure Unattended Guest OS Install</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#create-vm-wizard-hardware">Set Up VM Hardware</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#create-vm-wizard-virtual-hard-disk">Specify a Virtual Hard Disk</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-running">Running a Virtual Machine</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-starting-vm-first-time">Starting a New VM for the First Time</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#vm-status-bar">Virtual Machine Status Bar</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#keyb_mouse_normal">Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#specialcharacters">Typing Special Characters</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-removable-media-changing">Changing Removable Media</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-resize-window">Resizing the Machine's Window</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-save-machine-state">Saving the State of the Machine</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#managing_vms">Managing VMs</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#configbasics">Configure the Settings for a VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#gui-vmgroups">Using VM Groups</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#snapshots">Snapshots</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#snapshots-take-restore-delete">Taking, Restoring, and Deleting Snapshots</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#snapshots-contents">Snapshot Contents</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#intro-removing">Removing and Moving Virtual Machines</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#clone">Cloning a Virtual Machine</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#ovf">Importing and Exporting Virtual Machines</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#ovf-about">About the OVF Format</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#ovf-import-appliance">Importing an Appliance in OVF Format</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#ovf-export-appliance">Exporting an Appliance in OVF Format</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-integration">Integrating with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-integration-steps">Preparing for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Integration</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-create-api-keypair">Creating an API Signing Key Pair</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-upload-public-key">Uploading the Public Key to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-create-cloud-profile">Creating a Cloud Profile</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-using-cloud-profile-manager">Using the Cloud Profile Manager</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud_profile_creating">Creating a New Cloud Profile</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#unique_635493760">Importing a Cloud Profile</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vbox-oci-tasks">Using Oracle VirtualBox With Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm">Using Cloud Virtual Machines</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-oci-group">About the OCI VM Group</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-new">Creating a New Cloud VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-add">Adding a Cloud VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-clone">Cloning a Cloud VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-settings">Changing Settings for a Cloud VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-control">Controlling a Cloud VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-monitor">Monitoring Cloud VM Performance</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-remove">Removing a Cloud VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-vm-instance-console">Creating an Instance Console Connection for a Cloud VM</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-export-oci">Exporting an Appliance to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-export-oci-prepare-vm">Preparing a VM for Export to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-import-oci">Importing an Instance from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#import-instance-sequence">Importing an Instance: Overview of Events</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-using-cloud-networks">Using a Cloud Network</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#cloud-using-cli">Using VBoxManage Commands With Oracle Cloud Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#soft-keyb">Soft Keyboard</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#soft-keyb-using">Using the Soft Keyboard</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#soft-keyb-custom">Creating a Custom Keyboard Layout</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#vm-info">Monitoring of Virtual Machines</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#vm-activity-overview">VM Activity Overview</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#vm-activity-session-information">Session Information Dialog</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/Introduction.html#log-viewer">The Log Viewer</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/installation.html#installation">Installation Details</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#installation_windows">Installing on Windows Hosts</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-win-prereq">Prerequisites</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-win-installdir-req">Windows Installation Directory Security Requirements</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-win-performing">Performing the Installation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-win-uninstall">Uninstallation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-win-unattended">Unattended Installation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-win-public-props">Public Properties</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#installation-mac">Installing on macOS Hosts</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-mac-performing">Performing the Installation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-mac-uninstall">Uninstallation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-mac-unattended">Unattended Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-host">Installing on Linux Hosts</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-prereq">Prerequisites</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#externalkernelmodules">The Oracle VirtualBox Kernel Modules</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#kernel-modules-efi-secure-boot">Kernel Modules and UEFI Secure Boot</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-performing">Performing the Installation</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-debian-ubuntu">Installing Oracle VirtualBox from a Debian or Ubuntu Package</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-alt-installer">Using the Alternative Generic Installer (VirtualBox.run)</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-manual">Performing a Manual Installation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-update-uninstall">Updating and Uninstalling Oracle VirtualBox</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-debian-automatic">Automatic Installation of Debian Packages</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-rpm-automatic">Automatic Installation of RPM Packages</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#linux_install_opts">Automatic Installation Options</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-linux-vboxusers">The vboxusers Group</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#startingvboxonlinux">Starting Oracle VirtualBox on Linux</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-solaris-host">Installing on Oracle Solaris Hosts</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-solaris-performing">Performing the Installation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-solaris-vboxuser">The vboxuser Group</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-solaris-starting">Starting Oracle VirtualBox on Oracle Solaris</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#uninstall-solaris-host">Uninstallation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-solaris-unattended">Unattended Installation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#solaris-zones">Configuring a Non-Global Zone for Running Oracle VirtualBox</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-ext-pack">Installing an Extension Pack</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/installation.html#install-ext-pack-manager">The Extension Pack Manager</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#BasicConcepts">Configuring Virtual Machines</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#guestossupport">Guest Operating Systems</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#guest-os-x86">x86 and x86-64 Guest Operating Systems</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#guest-os-arm">Arm Guest Operating Systems</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#guest-os-other">Other Guest Operating Systems</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#intro-macosxguests">macOS Guests</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#intro-64bitguests">64-bit Guests</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#basic-unattended">Unattended Guest Installation</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#unattended-guest-install-example">Using VBoxManage Commands for Unattended Guest Installation</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#emul-hardware">Emulated Hardware</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-window">The Settings Window</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#generalsettings">General Settings</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-basic">Basic Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-general-advanced">Advanced Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-description">Description Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-disk-encryption">Disk Encryption Tab</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-system">System Settings</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-motherboard">Motherboard Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-processor">Processor Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-acceleration">Acceleration Tab</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-display">Display Settings</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-screen">Screen Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-remote-display">Remote Display Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-capture">Recording Tab</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-storage">Storage Settings</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-audio">Audio Settings</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-network">Network Settings</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#serialports">Serial Ports</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#usb-support">USB Support</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#settings-usb">USB Settings</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#usb-implementation-notes">Implementation Notes for Windows and Linux Hosts</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#shared-folders">Shared Folders</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#user-interface">User Interface</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#efi">Alternative Firmware (EFI)</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#efividmode">Video Modes in EFI</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/BasicConcepts.html#efibootargs">Specifying Boot Arguments</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadditions">Guest Additions</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-intro">Introduction to Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-install">Installing and Maintaining Guest Additions</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-windows">Guest Additions for Windows</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#mountingadditionsiso">Installing the Windows Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-windows-updating">Updating the Windows Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-windows-install-unattended">Unattended Installation of the Windows Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-windows-install-unattended-certs">Installing Code Signing Certificates</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#windows-guest-file-extraction">Manual File Extraction</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-linux">Guest Additions for Linux</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-linux-install">Installing the Linux Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-linux-install-unattended">Unattended Installation of the Linux Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-linux-graphics-mouse">Graphics and Mouse Integration</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-linux-updating">Updating the Linux Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-linux-uninstall">Uninstalling the Linux Guest Additions</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-solaris">Guest Additions for Oracle Solaris</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-solaris-install">Installing the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-solaris-install-unattended">Unattended Installation of the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-solaris-uninstall">Uninstalling the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-solaris-updating">Updating the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#additions-os2">Guest Additions for OS/2</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#sharedfolders">Shared Folders</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#sf_mount_manual">Manual Mounting</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#sf_mount_auto">Automatic Mounting</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-clipboard">Clipboard</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-clipboard-limitations">Known Limitations</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-dnd">Drag and Drop</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-dnd-formats">Supported Formats</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-dnd-limitations">Known Limitations</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-video">Hardware-Accelerated Graphics</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-3d">Hardware 3D Acceleration (OpenGL and Direct3D 8/9)</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#seamlesswindows">Seamless Windows</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-guestprops">Guest Properties</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-guestprops-waits">Using Guest Properties to Wait on VM Events</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-gc-file-manager">Guest Control File Manager</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-gc-file-manager-using">Transferring Files</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-guestcontrol">Guest Control of Applications</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-memory-usage">Memory Overcommitment</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-balloon">Memory Ballooning</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-pagefusion">Page Fusion</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-resizing">Controlling Virtual Monitor Topology</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-resizing-linux">X11/Wayland Desktop Environments</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/guestadditions.html#guestadd-resizing-linux-limitations">Known Limitations</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/storage.html#storage">Virtual Storage</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#harddiskcontrollers">Hard Disk Controllers</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#vdidetails">Disk Image Files (VDI, VMDK, VHD, HDD)</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#virtual-media-manager">The Virtual Media Manager</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#create-virtual-hard-disk-image">Creating a Virtual Hard Disk Image </a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#create-optical-disk-image">Creating a Virtual Optical Disk Image</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#create-floppy-disk-image">Creating a Virtual Floppy Disk Image</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#hdimagewrites">Special Image Write Modes</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#diffimages">Differencing Images</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#cloningvdis">Cloning Disk Images</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#iocaching">Host Input/Output Caching</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#storage-bandwidth-limit">Limiting Bandwidth for Disk Images</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#storage-cds">CD/DVD Support</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#storage-iscsi">iSCSI Servers</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#vboximg-mount">vboximg-mount: A Utility for FUSE Mounting a Virtual Disk Image</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#vboximg-mount-display">Viewing Detailed Information About a Virtual Disk Image</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/storage.html#vboximg-mount-steps">Mounting a Virtual Disk Image</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#networkingdetails">Virtual Networking</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#nichardware">Virtual Networking Hardware</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#networkingmodes">Introduction to Networking Modes</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_nat">Network Address Translation (NAT)</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#natforward">Configuring Port Forwarding with NAT</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#nat-tftp">PXE Booting with NAT</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#nat-limitations">NAT Limitations</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_nat_service">Network Address Translation Service</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_bridged">Bridged Networking</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_internal">Internal Networking</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_hostonly">Host-Only Networking</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_udp_tunnel">UDP Tunnel Networking</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_vde">VDE Networking</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_cloud">Cloud Networks</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network-manager">Network Manager</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network-manager-host-only-tab">Host-Only Networks Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network-manager-nat-network-tab">NAT Networks Tab</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network-manager-cloud-network-tab">Cloud Networks Tab</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_bandwidth_limit">Limiting Bandwidth for Network Input/Output</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/networkingdetails.html#network_performance">Improving Network Performance</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#remotevm">Remote Virtual Machines</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#vrde">Remote Display (VRDP Support)</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#rdp-viewers">Common Third-Party RDP Viewers</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#vboxheadless">VBoxHeadless, the Remote Desktop Server</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#headless-vm-steps">Step by Step: Creating a Virtual Machine on a Headless Server</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#vboxheadless-separate-mode">Separate Mode</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#usb-over-rdp">Remote USB</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#vbox-auth">RDP Authentication</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#vrde-crypt">RDP Encryption</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/remotevm.html#vrde-multiconnection">Multiple Connections to the VRDP 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href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-sharedfolder">VBoxManage sharedfolder</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-showmediuminfo">VBoxManage showmediuminfo</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-showvminfo">VBoxManage showvminfo</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-signova">VBoxManage signova</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-snapshot">VBoxManage snapshot</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-startvm">VBoxManage startvm</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-storageattach">VBoxManage storageattach</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-storagectl">VBoxManage storagectl</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-unattended">VBoxManage unattended</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-unregistervm">VBoxManage unregistervm</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-updatecheck">VBoxManage updatecheck</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-usbdevsource">VBoxManage usbdevsource</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#vboxmanage-usbfilter">VBoxManage usbfilter</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/vboxmanage.html#man_vboximg-mount">vboximg-mount</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#AdvancedTopics">Advanced Topics</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#autologon">Automated Guest Logins</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#autologon_win">Automated Windows Guest Logins</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#autologon_unix">Automated Linux and UNIX Guest Logins</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#autologon_unix_lightdm">Oracle VirtualBox Greeter for Ubuntu/LightDM</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#adv-config-win-guest">Advanced Configuration for Windows Guests</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#sysprep">Automated Windows System Preparation</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#adv-config-linux-guest">Advanced Configuration for Linux and Oracle Solaris Guests</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#linux-guest-manual-setup">Manual Setup of Selected Guest Services on Linux</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#guestxorgsetup">Guest Graphics and Mouse Driver Setup in Depth</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#cpuhotplug">CPU Hot-Plugging</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#webcam-passthrough">Webcam 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href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#rawdisk">Using a Raw Host Hard Disk From a Guest</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#rawdisk-access-entire-physical-disk">Access to Entire Physical Hard Disk</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#rawdisk-access-disk-partitions">Access to Individual Physical Hard Disk Partitions</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#changevpd">Configuring the Hard Disk Vendor Product Data (VPD)</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#iscsi-intnet">Access iSCSI Targets Using Internal Networking</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#changenat">Fine Tuning the Oracle VirtualBox NAT Engine</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat-address-config">Configuring the Address of a NAT Network Interface</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat-adv-tftp">Configuring the Boot Server (Next Server) of a NAT Network Interface</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat-adv-settings">Tuning TCP/IP Buffers for NAT</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat-bind-sockets">Binding NAT Sockets to a Specific Interface</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat-adv-dns">Enabling DNS Proxy in NAT Mode</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat_host_resolver_proxy">Using the Host's Resolver as a DNS Proxy in NAT Mode</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat_host_resolver_name_intercepting">User-Defined Host Name Resolving</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nat-adv-alias">Configuring Aliasing of the NAT Engine</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#changedmi">Configuring the BIOS DMI Information</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#changeacpicust">Configuring Custom ACPI Tables</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#fine-tune-timers">Fine Tuning Timers and Time Synchronization</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#changetscmode">Configuring the Guest Time Stamp Counter (TSC) to Reflect Guest Execution</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#warpguest">Accelerate or Slow Down the Guest Clock</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#changetimesync">Tuning the Guest Additions Time Synchronization Parameters</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#disabletimesync">Disabling the Guest Additions Time Synchronization</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxbowsolaris11">Installing the Alternate Bridged Networking Driver on Oracle Solaris 11 Hosts</a></li><li class="topicref"><a 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href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#config-vm-selector-menu">Configure VM Selector Menu Entries</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#config-vm-window-menu">Configure VM Window Menu Entries</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#config-vm-window-status-bar">Configure VM Window Status Bar Entries</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#config-vm-window-visual-modes">Configure VM Window Visual Modes</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#host-key-customize">Host Key Customization</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#terminate-vm-action">Action when Terminating the VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#terminate-vm-default-action">Default Action when Terminating the VM</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#guru-meditation-action">Action for Handling a Guru Meditation</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#mouse-capture">Configuring Automatic Mouse Capturing</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#legacy-fullscreen-mode">Requesting Legacy Full-Screen Mode</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#restrict-network-attachments">Removing Certain Modes of Networking From the GUI</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwebsrv-daemon">Starting the Oracle VirtualBox Web Service Automatically</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwebsrv-linux">Linux: Starting the Web Service With init</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwebsrv-solaris">Oracle Solaris: Starting the Web Service With SMF</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwebsrv-osx">macOS: Starting the Web Service With launchd</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwatchdog">Oracle VirtualBox Watchdog</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwatchdog-ballonctrl">Memory Ballooning Control</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwatchdog-hostisln">Host Isolation Detection</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwatchdog-moreinfo">More Information</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwatchdog-linux">Linux: Starting the Watchdog Service With init</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxwatchdog-solaris">Oracle Solaris: Starting the Watchdog Service With SMF</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#otherextpacks">Other Extension Packs</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#autostart">Starting Virtual Machines During System Boot</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#autostart-linux">Linux: Starting the Autostart Service With init</a></li><li 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class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#usbip-setup-server">Setting up USB/IP Support on a Linux System</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#usbip-security">Security Considerations</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#hyperv-support">Using Hyper-V with Oracle VirtualBox</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#nested-virt">Nested Virtualization</a></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxsvc-session-0">VBoxSVC running in Windows Session 0</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#vboxsvc-session-0-known-issues">Known Issues</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref"><a href="topics/AdvancedTopics.html#viso">VISO file format / RTIsoMaker</a></li></ul></li><li class="topicref chapter"><a href="topics/TechnicalBackground.html#TechnicalBackground">Technical Background</a><ul><li class="topicref"><a 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