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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffieboon" title="Koffieboon – afrikanų" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koffieboon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="vertingas straipsnis"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86" title="بذور البن – arabų" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بذور البن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1vov%C3%A9_zrno" title="Kávové zrno – čekų" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kávové zrno" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffeuen_goffi" title="Ffeuen goffi – valų" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffeuen goffi" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffeb%C3%B8nne" title="Kaffebønne – danų" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kaffebønne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffeebohne" title="Kaffeebohne – vokiečių" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kaffeebohne" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_bean" title="Coffee bean – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Coffee bean" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafofabo" title="Kafofabo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kafofabo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohvioad" title="Kohvioad – estų" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kohvioad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%82%D9%87%D9%88%D9%87" title="دانه قهوه – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانه قهوه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%94" title="פולי קפה – hebrajų" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פולי קפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C" title="कॉफ़ी के बीज – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कॉफ़ी के बीज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biji_kopi" title="Biji kopi – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biji kopi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicco_di_caff%C3%A8" title="Chicco di caffè – italų" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chicco di caffè" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%92%E3%83%BC%E8%B1%86" title="コーヒー豆 – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コーヒー豆" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiji_kopi" title="Wiji kopi – javiečių" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wiji kopi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%A4%ED%94%BC%EC%BD%A9" title="커피콩 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="커피콩" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaffebunn" title="Kaffebunn – kolognų" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Kaffebunn" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kolognų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafe_(voany)" title="Kafe (voany) – malagasų" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kafe (voany)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biji_kopi" title="Biji kopi – malajiečių" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Biji kopi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffieboon" title="Koffieboon – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koffieboon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonchi_di_koffie" title="Bonchi di koffie – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bonchi di koffie" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_(semente)" title="Café (semente) – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Café (semente)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boab%C4%83_de_cafea" title="Boabă de cafea – rumunų" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Boabă de cafea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Кофейные зёрна – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кофейные зёрна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="काफीबीजम् – sanskritas" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="काफीबीजम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%A7" title="කෝපි ඇට – sinhalų" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කෝපි ඇට" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1vov%C3%A9_zrno" title="Kávové zrno – slovakų" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kávové zrno" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Кавове зерно – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кавове зерно" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qahva_donasi" title="Qahva donasi – uzbekų" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qahva donasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A1t_c%C3%A0_ph%C3%AA" title="Hạt cà phê – vietnamiečių" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hạt cà phê" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1%E8%B1%86" title="咖啡豆 – kinų" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="咖啡豆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q153697#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Keisti tarpkalbines nuorodas" class="wbc-editpage">Keisti nuorodas</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vardų sritys"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Straipsnis iš Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lt" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg/220px-Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg/330px-Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg/440px-Coffee_Plant_Uganda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Kavamedžio uogos</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_bean_(Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coffee_bean_%28Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg%29.jpg/220px-Coffee_bean_%28Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coffee_bean_%28Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg%29.jpg/330px-Coffee_bean_%28Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coffee_bean_%28Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg%29.jpg/440px-Coffee_bean_%28Coffee_museum_in_Saint_Petersburg%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="612" /></a><figcaption>Kavamedžio uogos maketas</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Unroasted_coffee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Unroasted_coffee.jpg/220px-Unroasted_coffee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Unroasted_coffee.jpg/330px-Unroasted_coffee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Unroasted_coffee.jpg/440px-Unroasted_coffee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Šviežios neskrudintos kavos pupelės</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg/220px-Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg/330px-Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg/440px-Roasted_coffee_beans.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Lėtai silpnai skrudintos kavos pupelės</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg/220px-Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg/330px-Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg/440px-Coffee_Beans_closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Stipriai skrudintos kavos pupelės pasidengia išsiskyrusiais aliejais</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kavos pupelė</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arab%C5%B3_kalba" title="Arabų kalba">arab.</a> <span lang="und-Arab" title="Nastaʿlīq" style="font-size:105%; font-style: tahoma;">‏قهوة‎ qahwa</span> 'kava' ir <i>‏بنّ‎ bunn</i> 'uoga') – <a href="/wiki/Kavamedis" title="Kavamedis">kavamedžio</a> krūmo vaisiaus sėkla. Kavamedžio vaisiai yra <a href="/wiki/Uoga" title="Uoga">uogos</a>, o jų viduje paprastai yra po dvi <a href="/wiki/S%C4%97kla" title="Sėkla">sėklas</a>, kurios ir vadinamos <a href="/wiki/Kava" title="Kava">kavos</a> pupelėmis. Dalies kavamedžių uogose yra viena sėkla (pupelė), tokio krūmo vaisius vadinamas žirniauoge (<a href="/wiki/Angl%C5%B3_kalba" title="Anglų kalba">angl.</a> <i>peaberry</i>) dėl <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDirnis" class="mw-redirect" title="Žirnis">žirnį</a> primenančios formos. Kavamedžio sėklos yra panašaus dydžio kaip <a href="/wiki/Vy%C5%A1nia" title="Vyšnia">vyšnios</a> kaulavaisiai, o pupelėmis vadinamos dėl panašumo su darže auginama <a href="/wiki/Pupel%C4%97" title="Pupelė">pupele</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Derlius">Derlius</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Derlius" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Derlius"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pirmąjį derlių kavamedis duoda po 3-4 metų, optimalus derlius išgaunamas po 7–8 metų. Kavamedžio uogos visiškai prinoksta per 8-9 mėnesius. Kuo geriau uoga sunokusi, tuo kokybiškesnė <a href="/wiki/Kava" title="Kava">kava</a> iš jos gaunama. Augalai labai jautrūs temperatūros pokyčiams, todėl reikalingas pastovus ir šiltas klimatas. Geriausia kava pagaminama iš <a href="/wiki/Plantacija" title="Plantacija">plantacijų</a>, esančių 700 m virš jūros lygio. Auginama <a href="/wiki/Atogr%C4%85%C5%BEos" title="Atogrąžos">atogrąžų</a> rajonuose: <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrikoje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azija" title="Azija">Azijoje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centrin%C4%97_Amerika" title="Centrinė Amerika">Centrinėje</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_Amerika" title="Pietų Amerika">Pietų</a> Amerikoje.<br /> Derlius nuimamas mechanizuotai arba rankomis. Rankiniu būdu nuimant derlių skinamos tik tinkamos ir gerai prinokusios uogos, mechanizuotai − skinamos visos. Iš vieno kavos krūmo galima pagaminti apie 0,5 kg kavos. </p><p>Yra du pagrindiniai pupelių išėmimo iš uogos metodai: šlapiasis bei sausasis, nuo kurių priklauso kavos savybės.<br /> Naudojant šlapiąjį metodą, švarios (be lapų ir kotelių) uogos suspaudžiamos, kad būtų atskirtas minkštimas bei odelė. Tuomet pupelės gali būti paliekamos fermentuotis nuo 12 iki 36 valandų − <a href="/wiki/Fermentacija" title="Fermentacija">fermentacija</a> kavai suteikia rūgštumo. Po to skalaujama bei plaunama po tekančiu vandeniu iki kol pupelės pradeda džiūti. Jos turi pergamentinę odelę, pašalinamą prieš valymą ir rūšiavimą. Esant ribotiems vandens ištekliams, uogos yra nuplaunamos siauruose tekančio vandens kanaluose. Tuomet 1–3 savaites laikomos išbertos ant akmeninių <a href="/wiki/Terasa" class="mw-disambig" title="Terasa">terasų</a> ar kitų paviršių saulės atokaitoje ir reguliariai vartomos, kad vienodai išdžiūtų. Minkštimas pasidaro tamsus ir raukšlėtas. Sausas minkštimas ir pergamentinė odelė pašalinami prieš valymą ir rūšiavimą. Pupelės dar kartą valomos ir atrenkamos mechanizuotai arba rankiniu būdu siekiant pašalinti visas odelių liekanas bei suskilusias, neprinokusias, netinkamos spalvos ar dydžio pupeles. </p><p>Nuo derliaus nuėmimo būdo, kavos pupelių atrinkimo bei išvalymo kokybės, pupelių išėmimo metodo bei fermentacijos, išvaizdos, aromato, rūgštumo ir kitų skoninių savybių, gamybos technologijų bei įvairių rūšių sumaišymo priklauso galutinio kavos produkto skonis, aromatas ir kaina. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gamybos_technologijos">Gamybos technologijos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Gamybos technologijos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Gamybos technologijos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Labiausiai vertinamas pilnai rankinis kavos pupelių rinkimo, rūšiavimo ir lėtas skrudinimo procesas. Tokiu būdu išgaunama aukščiausia įmanoma kokybė: pupelės gerai atrinktos, vienodai paskrudusios bei šviesiai rudos spalvos, unikalaus išraiškingo kvapo. Paruoštas kavos gėrimas savito sodraus skonio, turi subtilių kvapo bei skonio natų, kurios palaipsniui kinta gėrimui vėstant. Sumaltos kavos pupelės per mėnesį praranda reikšmingą dalį skoninių ir kvapo savybių, todėl aukštos kokybės pupelės paliekamos sumalti tik prieš pat vartojimą ar pardavimą.<br /> Tokių kavos pupelių pardavimo kaina siekia ar viršija 40-80 €/kg. </p><p>Greičiausias ir pigiausias - pilnai mechanizuotas konvejerinis masinės gamybos procesas. Jo metu kavos pupelės praranda subtilias aromato bei skonio savybes. Dėl per greito arba per stipraus skrudinimo siekiant užtikrinti visų pupelių pakankamą skrudinimą, didelė jų dalis tampa artimos juodai tamsiai rudos spalvos, perskrudintos. Dėl kitų technologinių procesų, siekiant dar labiau pagreitinti ar atpiginti masinę gamybą, gali prarasti ir reikšmingą dalį kofeino. Paruoštas kavos gėrimas kartaus skonio bei aštroko ar aitroko kvapo.<br /> Tokių kavos pupelių pardavimo kaina siekia iki 10-20 €/kg. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rūšys"><span id="R.C5.AB.C5.A1ys"></span>Rūšys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Rūšys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Rūšys"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kavos kokybė ir skonis labai priklauso nuo pupelių rūšies. Žinomos rūšys - <a href="/wiki/Arabika" class="mw-disambig" title="Arabika">arabika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robusta" class="mw-redirect" title="Robusta">robusta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberika" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberika">liberika</a>. Arabikos sėklos pailgos, lygiu paviršiumi, vos išlenktos „S“ raidės formos linija, pasaulyje sudaro apie tris ketvirtadalius kavos gamybos. Robustos sėklos apvalios, <a href="/wiki/Spalva" title="Spalva">spalva</a> nuo šviesiai <a href="/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda">rudos</a> iki <a href="/wiki/Pilka" title="Pilka">pilkšvai</a>-<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDalia" title="Žalia">žalios</a>. Sudaro apie ketvirtadalį pasaulinės kavos gamybos. Ši kavos rūšis mažiau <a href="/wiki/Aromatas" class="mw-redirect" title="Aromatas">aromatinga</a>, tačiau joje daugiau <a href="/wiki/Kofeinas" title="Kofeinas">kofeino</a>, kartoko skonio. Siekiant pagerinti kavos skonį ir aromatą, ji neretai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brandinimas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brandinimas (puslapis neegzistuoja)">brandinama</a>, kavos uogas keletą mėnesių išlaikant statinėse, o tik paskui lukštenant. Liberikos pupelės prastesnio skonio, naudojamos kavos gėrimams ir tirpiai kavai gaminti, užima tik apie 1 % pasaulinės produkcijos. </p><p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_roasting_grades.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Coffee_roasting_grades.png" decoding="async" width="698" height="105" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="698" data-file-height="105" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerija">Galerija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Galerija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Galerija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_berries_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kavamedžio uogos"><img alt="Kavamedžio uogos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coffee_berries_1.jpg/120px-Coffee_berries_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coffee_berries_1.jpg/180px-Coffee_berries_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coffee_berries_1.jpg/240px-Coffee_berries_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kavamedžio uogos</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffeebeansorting.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kavos pupelių rūšiavimas"><img alt="Kavos pupelių rūšiavimas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coffeebeansorting.jpg/120px-Coffeebeansorting.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coffeebeansorting.jpg/180px-Coffeebeansorting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coffeebeansorting.jpg/240px-Coffeebeansorting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="326" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kavos pupelių rūšiavimas</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:75_degrees_green_coffee.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Šviežios neskrudintos kavos pupelės"><img alt="Šviežios neskrudintos kavos pupelės" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/75_degrees_green_coffee.png/120px-75_degrees_green_coffee.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/75_degrees_green_coffee.png/180px-75_degrees_green_coffee.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/75_degrees_green_coffee.png/240px-75_degrees_green_coffee.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Šviežios neskrudintos kavos pupelės</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_house_5.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kavos pupelių skrudinimo aparatas"><img alt="Kavos pupelių skrudinimo aparatas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coffee_house_5.JPG/90px-Coffee_house_5.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coffee_house_5.JPG/135px-Coffee_house_5.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coffee_house_5.JPG/180px-Coffee_house_5.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kavos pupelių skrudinimo aparatas</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kavos pupelių skrudinimas"><img alt="Kavos pupelių skrudinimas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg/120px-Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg/180px-Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg/240px-Coffee_roasting_in_a_wok.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="253" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kavos pupelių skrudinimas</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Šaltiniai"><span id=".C5.A0altiniai"></span>Šaltiniai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Šaltiniai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Šaltiniai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuorodos">Nuorodos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nuorodos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavos_pupel%C4%97&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Nuorodos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" align="right" width="250" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category%3ACoffee+beans&uselang=lt"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/80px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td><div class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coffee_beans?&uselang=lt">Vikiteka: Kavos pupelė</a></b> – vaizdinė ir garsinė medžiaga </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coffeeresearch.org/agriculture/coffeeplant.htm">Arabikos ir robustos kavamedžiai</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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