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Disponible en 27 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="التسلسل الزمني للتاريخ التطوري للحياة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التسلسل الزمني للتاريخ التطوري للحياة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7_%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1" title="خط زمنى للتطور – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خط زمنى للتطور" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE" title="জীবনের বিবর্তনিক ইতিহাসের কালক্রম – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জীবনের বিবর্তনিক ইতিহাসের কালক্রম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taula_cronol%C3%B2gica_de_l%27evoluci%C3%B3" title="Taula cronològica de l'evolució – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Taula cronològica de l'evolució" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llinell_amser_esblygiad_bywyd" title="Llinell amser esblygiad bywyd – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llinell amser esblygiad bywyd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidslinje_for_livets_evolutionshistorie" title="Tidslinje for livets evolutionshistorie – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tidslinje for livets evolutionshistorie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_evolutionary_history_of_life" title="Timeline of the evolutionary history of life – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Timeline of the evolutionary history of life" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Cronolog%C3%ADa_de_la_historia_evolutiva_de_la_vida" title="Anexo:Cronología de la historia evolutiva de la vida – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Cronología de la historia evolutiva de la vida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%81%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سیر زمانی تاریخ فرگشتی حیات – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیر زمانی تاریخ فرگشتی حیات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ציר הזמן של ההיסטוריה האבולוציונית של החיים – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ציר הזמן של ההיסטוריה האבולוציונית של החיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="पृथ्वी पर जीवन के अस्तित्व का इतिहास – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पृथ्वी पर जीवन के अस्तित्व का इतिहास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronologija_evolucijske_povijesti_%C5%BEivota" title="Kronologija evolucijske povijesti života – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kronologija evolucijske povijesti života" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garis_waktu_Tata_Surya" title="Garis waktu Tata Surya – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Garis waktu Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronologia_dell%27evoluzione_della_vita" title="Cronologia dell'evoluzione della vita – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cronologia dell'evoluzione della vita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ევოლუციის ქრონოლოგია – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ევოლუციის ქრონოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AA%85%EC%A7%84%ED%99%94%EC%82%AC_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C" title="생명진화사 연표 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생명진화사 연표" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidslinje_over_livets_evolusjonshistorie" title="Tidslinje over livets evolusjonshistorie – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tidslinje over livets evolusjonshistorie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronologia_da_evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Cronologia da evolução – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cronologia da evolução" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronologia_istoriei_evolutive_a_vie%C8%9Bii" title="Cronologia istoriei evolutive a vieții – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cronologia istoriei evolutive a vieții" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Хронология эволюции – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хронология эволюции" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronologija_evolucije" title="Kronologija evolucije – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kronologija evolucije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hronologija_evolucije" title="Hronologija evolucije – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hronologija evolucije" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="ประวัติศาสตร์วิวัฒนาการของสิ่งมีชีวิต – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประวัติศาสตร์วิวัฒนาการของสิ่งมีชีวิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ya%C5%9Fam%C4%B1n_evrimsel_tarihi_kronolojisi" title="Yaşamın evrimsel tarihi kronolojisi – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yaşamın evrimsel tarihi kronolojisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" 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title="Chronologie de la paléontologie">Chronologie de la paléontologie</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css general" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour des articles plus généraux, voir <a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Terre" title="Histoire de la Terre">Histoire de la Terre</a> et <a href="/wiki/Histoire_%C3%A9volutive_du_vivant" title="Histoire évolutive du vivant">Histoire évolutive du vivant</a>. </p> </div></div> <div id="Container" class="toccolours" style="text-align: left; padding:0.5em 0 0 0; border-style:solid; float:right;clear:right; padding:0 0.5em; margin:0.3em 0 0.8em 1.4em; overflow: hidden;"><div id="Title" style="background-color:#77bb77; font-weight:bold; padding:0.2em; text-align:center; margin:0.6em 0 1.2em 0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chronologie de l'évolution du vivant</a></div><div id="Contains-Timeline-Scale-Notes"><div style="text-align:right; position:relative; top:-1em;"><small><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%89volution_du_vivant" title="Modèle:Évolution du vivant"><span style="color:#002bb8;" title="Voir cette chronologie dans sa page">voir</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Discussion_mod%C3%A8le:%C3%89volution_du_vivant" title="Discussion modèle:Évolution du vivant"><span style="color:#002bb8;" title="Discussion sur cette chronologie">discuter</span></a> • <span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="color:#002bb8;" title="Vous pouvez modifier cette chronologie. Prière de prévisualiser avant d'enregistrer."><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:%C3%89volution_du_vivant&action=edit">modifier</a></span></span></small></div><div id="Scale" style="width:3.1em; position:relative; top:-0.82em; float:left; height:36em; padding:0px"><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:35.68281938326em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-4500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:33.700440528634em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:31.718061674009em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-4000 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:29.735682819383em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:27.753303964758em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-3500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:25.770925110132em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:23.788546255507em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-3000 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:21.806167400881em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:19.823788546256em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-2500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:17.84140969163em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:15.859030837004em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-2000 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:13.876651982379em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:11.894273127753em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-1500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:9.9118942731278em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:7.9295154185022em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-1000 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:5.9471365638767em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:3.9647577092511em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-500 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:1.9823788546256em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:0em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">0 —</span></div></div><div id="ScaleBar" style="width:1px; float:left; height:36em; padding:0; background-color:#242020"></div><div id="Timeline" class="toccolours" style="font-size:100%; width:100%; height:36em; padding:0px; float:left; width:10em; border:none; background-color:#e5cc7f;"><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#99ccff; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:34.985022026432em; margin-left:0.1em; width:9.9em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:16.04em; left:0.5em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-17.492511013216em;"><i><b><small><a href="/wiki/Origine_de_l%27eau_sur_la_Terre" title="Origine de l'eau sur la Terre">Eau</a></small></b></i></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#b3d9ff; border-style: 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title="Histoire géologique de l'oxygène"><span style="color:green;">Production de dioxygène</span></a></small></b></i></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#b3ffea; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:16.651982378855em; margin-left:1.4em; width:8.6em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:5.14em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-8.3259911894273em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eucaryotes</a></b></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#ccffe7; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:12.687224669604em; margin-left:1.4em; width:8.6em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.06em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-6.3436123348018em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Organisme_multicellulaire" title="Organisme multicellulaire">Organismes multicellulaires</a></b></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#cc9900; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:3.5191189427313em; margin-left:2em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:1.14em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.7595594713656em;"></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:2.8546255506608em; margin-left:2em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:0.69em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.4273127753304em;"><b><div style="color:white;"><small><a href="/wiki/Silurien#Faune_silurienne" title="Silurien">Faune silurienne</a></small></div></b></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#e6b800; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.51938325991189em; height:1.8594713656388em; margin-left:2.1em; width:7.9em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.28em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.92973568281938em;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Dinosauria" title="Dinosauria">Dinosaures</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#ffcc00; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:1.5859030837004em; margin-left:3em; width:7em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.36em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.79295154185022em;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Mammif%C3%A8re" title="Mammifère">Mammifères</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#ffff00; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:1.0308370044053em; margin-left:3.67em; width:6.33em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.51541850220264em;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Angiosperme" title="Angiosperme">Fleurs</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:blue; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0em; height:0.015859030837004em; margin-left:4.5em; width:5.5em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><div style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.0079295154185022em;"> </div></div></div></div><div id="Annotations" style="float:left; position:relative; width:8.25em"><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 36em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/%C3%82ge_de_la_Terre" title="Âge de la Terre">Formation de la Terre (−4540)</a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 31.718061674009em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Origine_de_la_vie" title="Origine de la vie">Naissance de la vie</a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 30.925110132159em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Grand_bombardement_tardif" title="Grand bombardement tardif">Bombardement</a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18.237885462555em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Grande_Oxydation" title="Grande Oxydation">Grande <span style="color:green;">Oxydation</span></a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 9.5154185022026em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><a href="/wiki/Sexualit%C3%A9_(reproduction)" title="Sexualité (reproduction)">Apparition de la sexualité</a></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 4.9955947136564em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Explosion_d%27Avalon" title="Explosion d'Avalon"><span>Expl. d'Avalon</span></a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 4.2898678414097em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><small><a href="/wiki/Explosion_cambrienne" title="Explosion cambrienne"><span>Expl. cambrienne</span></a></small></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 0.0079295154185022em;"><div class="annot-arrow" style="position:relative; text-size:100%; top:-0.86em; left:-0em; float:left;"><div style="color:black;">←</div></div><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="line-height:9pt"><i><a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" title="Homo sapiens">Homo sapiens</a></i></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 0.87224669603524em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:70%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block"><a href="/wiki/Phan%C3%A9rozo%C3%AFque" title="Phanérozoïque">P<br />h<br />a<br />n<br />é<br />r<br />o<br />z<br />o<br />ï<br />q<br />u<br />e</a></span></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 9.9118942731278em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:0.5em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:70%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block"><a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%A9rozo%C3%AFque" title="Protérozoïque">P<br />r<br />o<br />t<br />é<br />r<br />o<br />z<br />o<br />ï<br />q<br />u<br />e</a></span></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 23.788546255507em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:0.75em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:70%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block"><a href="/wiki/Arch%C3%A9en" title="Archéen">A<br />r<br />c<br />h<br />é<br />e<br />n</a></span></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 31.718061674009em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.25em; left:-13em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:70%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><span style="display:block"><a href="/wiki/Had%C3%A9en" title="Hadéen">H<br />a<br />d<br />é<br />e<br />n</a></span></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 22.599118942731em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.85em; left:-14.1em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="position: absolute; left: -002px; top: 000px"><span style="font:bold 9px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:3.537px 10px 3.537px 10px;"><span style="color:black;"><small><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9soarch%C3%A9en" title="Mésoarchéen">Mésoarchéen</a></small></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 17.84140969163em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.85em; left:-14.1em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="position: absolute; left: 005px; top: 000px"><span style="font:bold 9px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:14px 4px 14px 4px;"><span style="color:black;"><small><a href="/wiki/Glaciation_huronienne" title="Glaciation huronienne">Huronien</a></small></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 5.3722466960352em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-1.15em; left:-14.1em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="position: absolute; left: 000px; top: 000px"><span style="font:bold 9px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:3px 4px 3px 4px;"><span style="color:black;"><small><a href="/wiki/Cryog%C3%A9nien" title="Cryogénien">Cryogénien</a></small></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 3.4493392070485em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-1.15em; left:-14.1em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="position: absolute; left: 002px; top: 000px"><span style="font:bold 9px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:0px 4px 0px 4px;"><span style="color:black;"><small><a href="/wiki/Glaciation_de_l%27And%C3%A9en-Saharien" title="Glaciation de l'Andéen-Saharien">Andéen</a></small></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 2.4581497797357em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-1em; left:-14.1em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="position: absolute; left: 002px; top: 000px"><span style="font:bold 9px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:0px 4px 0px 4px;"><span style="color:black;"><small><a href="/wiki/Glaciation_du_Karoo" title="Glaciation du Karoo">Karoo</a></small></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 0.010308370044053em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.28em; left:-14.1em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><div style="position: absolute; left: 002px; top: 000px"><span style="font:bold 9px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:0px 4px 0px 4px;"><span style="color:black;"><small><a href="/wiki/Glaciations_quaternaires" title="Glaciations quaternaires">Quaternaires</a></small></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div><div class="annot-bar" style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top: 18em;"><div class="annot-nudge" style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><div style="position:relative; width:auto; z-index:10; font-size:90%; color:black; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></div></div></div></div></div><div id="Legend" class="toccolours" style="margin-left:3.1em; border-style:none; float:left; clear:both;"></div><div id="Caption" class="toccolours" style="margin:0 0.5em; float:left; padding:0 auto; border-style:none; clear:both; text-align:center; width:20.5em"><a href="/wiki/Coordonn%C3%A9es_cart%C3%A9siennes" title="Coordonnées cartésiennes">Échelle</a> : <a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_des_temps_g%C3%A9ologiques" title="Échelle des temps géologiques">millions d'années</a>.<br /><small><span style="font:bold 10px Arial;display:inline;background-color:rgba(255,165,0,0.5);padding:0px 4px 0px 4px;"><span style="color:black;">Orange : </span><span style="color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Glaciation" title="Glaciation">glaciation</a></span></span></small><br /><small>Voir aussi : <a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Nature_timeline" title="Modèle:Nature timeline">la frise chronologique de l'Univers</a> et <a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_la_Terre" title="Histoire de la Terre">Histoire de la Terre</a></small></div></div><p>Cet article présente une <b>chronologie de l'évolution du vivant</b>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Geological_time_spiral.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Geological_time_spiral.png/220px-Geological_time_spiral.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Geological_time_spiral.png/330px-Geological_time_spiral.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Geological_time_spiral.png/440px-Geological_time_spiral.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2145" /></a><figcaption>Diagramme montrant l'échelle des temps géologiques.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>−4,54 milliards d'années : formation de la <a href="/wiki/Terre" title="Terre">Terre</a></li> <li>−4,52 milliards d'années : formation de la <a href="/wiki/Lune" title="Lune">Lune</a></li> <li>−4,4 milliards d'années : formation de l'<a href="/wiki/Hydrosph%C3%A8re" title="Hydrosphère">hydrosphère</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>a<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et de la <a href="/wiki/Cro%C3%BBte_terrestre" title="Croûte terrestre">croûte terrestre</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−4,28 milliards d'années : <a href="/wiki/Fossiles_les_plus_anciens" title="Fossiles les plus anciens">plus anciennes formes de vie</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−4,1 milliards d'années : <a href="/wiki/Grand_bombardement_tardif" title="Grand bombardement tardif">grand bombardement tardif</a></li> <li>−4 milliards d'années : apparition de la <a href="/wiki/Tectonique_des_plaques" title="Tectonique des plaques">tectonique des plaques</a></li> <li>−3,8 milliards d'années : apparition des premières <a href="/wiki/Cellule_(biologie)" title="Cellule (biologie)">cellules</a> alors que la température de surface est comprise entre 40 et <span title="176 °F ou 353,2 K" style="cursor:help">80</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−3,7 à −3,45 milliards d'années (absence de <a href="/wiki/Consensus_scientifique" title="Consensus scientifique">consensus scientifique</a>) : apparition des premiers <a href="/wiki/Stromatolithe" title="Stromatolithe">stromatolithes</a> et de la <a href="/wiki/Photosynth%C3%A8se" title="Photosynthèse">photosynthèse anoxygénique</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−3,2 milliards d'années : apparition des premiers <a href="/wiki/Acritarche" title="Acritarche">acritarches</a></li> <li>−2,45 milliards d'années : apparition de la <a href="/wiki/Photosynth%C3%A8se" title="Photosynthèse">photosynthèse oxygénique</a></li> <li>−2,4 milliards d'années : <a href="/wiki/Grande_Oxydation" title="Grande Oxydation">Grande Oxydation</a> et début de la <a href="/wiki/Glaciation_huronienne" title="Glaciation huronienne">glaciation huronienne</a></li> <li>−2,2 milliards d'années : transition <a href="/wiki/Prokaryota" title="Prokaryota">procaryote</a>-<a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">eucaryote</a> (apparition des <i><a href="/wiki/Grypania" title="Grypania">Grypania</a></i>)</li> <li>−2,1 milliards d'années : apparition des premiers <a href="/wiki/Organisme_multicellulaire" title="Organisme multicellulaire">organismes multicellulaires</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Groupe_fossile_de_Franceville" title="Groupe fossile de Franceville">Gabonionta</a></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−1,8 milliard d'années : début du <a href="/wiki/Milliard_ennuyeux" title="Milliard ennuyeux">milliard ennuyeux</a>, entre 1,8 et 0,8 Ga, caractérisé par une relative stabilité de l'atmosphère et un ralentissement apparent de l'évolution de la vie.</li> <li>−1,5 milliard d'années : apparition de la sexualité<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−1 milliard d'années : début de la <a href="/wiki/Terre_boule_de_neige" title="Terre boule de neige">Terre boule de neige</a></li> <li>−575 millions d'années : <a href="/wiki/Explosion_d%27Avalon" title="Explosion d'Avalon">explosion</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Faune_de_l%27%C3%89diacarien" title="Faune de l'Édiacarien">Édiacarien</a></li> <li>−555 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Triploblastique" title="Triploblastique">triploblastiques</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>b<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−542 millions d'années : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Extinction_fini-%C3%A9diacarienne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extinction fini-édiacarienne (page inexistante)">extinction fini-édiacarienne</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-Ediacaran_extinction" class="extiw" title="en:End-Ediacaran extinction"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « End-Ediacaran extinction »">(en)</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Explosion_cambrienne" title="Explosion cambrienne">explosion cambrienne</a></li> <li>−500 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata">chordés</a></li> <li>−480 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">plantes terrestres</a></li> <li>−475 millions d'années : <a href="/wiki/Extinction_Ordovicien-Silurien" title="Extinction Ordovicien-Silurien">extinction Ordovicien-Silurien</a></li> <li>−400 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Insecte" title="Insecte">insectes</a>, des <a href="/wiki/Graine" title="Graine">graines</a> et des <a href="/wiki/Sarcopterygii" title="Sarcopterygii">sarcoptérygiens</a> (poumons)</li> <li>−370 millions d'années : <a href="/wiki/Extinction_du_D%C3%A9vonien" title="Extinction du Dévonien">extinction du Dévonien</a></li> <li>−365 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Tetrapoda" title="Tetrapoda">tétrapodes</a></li> <li>−360 millions d'années : début de la <a href="/wiki/Glaciation_du_Karoo" title="Glaciation du Karoo">glaciation du Karoo</a> et apparition des <a href="/wiki/Amphibia" title="Amphibia">amphibiens</a></li> <li>−330 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Amniota" title="Amniota">amniotes</a></li> <li>−312 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Synapsida" title="Synapsida">synapsides</a> et des <a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">sauropsides</a></li> <li>−252 millions d'années : <a href="/wiki/Extinction_Permien-Trias" title="Extinction Permien-Trias">extinction Permien-Trias</a></li> <li>−230 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Dinosaure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinosaure">dinosaures</a></li> <li>−220 millions d'années : extinction "mineure" du Trias, apparition des <a href="/wiki/Mammif%C3%A8re" title="Mammifère">mammifères</a></li> <li>−200 millions d'années : <a href="/wiki/Extinction_Trias-Jurassique" title="Extinction Trias-Jurassique">extinction Trias-Jurassique</a></li> <li>−160 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">euthériens</a></li> <li>−150 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Oiseau" title="Oiseau">oiseaux</a></li> <li>−135 millions d'années : apparition des <a href="/wiki/Angiosperme#Apparition_et_histoire_évolutive" title="Angiosperme">plantes à fleurs</a></li> <li>−66 millions d'années : <a href="/wiki/Extinction_Cr%C3%A9tac%C3%A9-Pal%C3%A9og%C3%A8ne" title="Extinction Crétacé-Paléogène">extinction Crétacé-Paléogène</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chronologie_de_l%27%C3%A9volution_du_vivant&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chronologie_de_l%27%C3%A9volution_du_vivant&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">La température initiale des océans étant de <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 16 mai 2020)." style="cursor:help;"><span title="446 °F ou 503,2 K">230 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr></span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir notamment le <a href="/wiki/Genre_(biologie)" title="Genre (biologie)">genre</a> <a href="/wiki/Fossile" title="Fossile">fossile</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Dickinsonia" title="Dickinsonia">Dickinsonia</a></i>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chronologie_de_l%27%C3%A9volution_du_vivant&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chronologie_de_l%27%C3%A9volution_du_vivant&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Wilde,J_W_Valley,_W_H_Peck,C_M_Graham2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="S_A_Wilde,J_W_Valley,_W_H_Peck,C_M_Graham2001"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> S A Wilde,J W Valley, W H Peck,C M Graham, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Nature</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 409,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2001-01-11" data-sort-value="2001-01-11">11 janvier 2001</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">175–178</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35051550">10.1038/35051550</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evidence+from+detrital+zircons+for+the+existence+of+continental+crust+and+oceans+on+the+Earth+4.4+Gyr+ago&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.issue=409&rft.aulast=Wilde%2CJ+W+Valley%2C+W+H+Peck%2CC+M+Graham&rft.aufirst=S+A&rft.date=2001-01-11&rft.pages=175%E2%80%93178&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F35051550&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Dodd,_Dominic_Papineau,_Tor_Grenne,_John_F._Slack,_Martin_Rittner,_Franco_Pirajno,_Jonathan_O’Neil_&_Crispin_T._S._Little2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Matthew_S._Dodd,_Dominic_Papineau,_Tor_Grenne,_John_F._Slack,_Martin_Rittner,_Franco_Pirajno,_Jonathan_O’Neil_&_Crispin_T._S._Little2017"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Matthew S. Dodd, Dominic Papineau, Tor Grenne, John F. Slack, Martin Rittner, Franco Pirajno, Jonathan O’Neil & Crispin T. S. Little, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Nature</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 543, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 7643,‎ <time>2017</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">60–64</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature21377">10.1038/nature21377</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+early+life+in+Earth%27s+oldest+hydrothermal+vent+precipitates&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.issue=7643&rft.aulast=Dodd%2C+Dominic+Papineau%2C+Tor+Grenne%2C+John+F.+Slack%2C+Martin+Rittner%2C+Franco+Pirajno%2C+Jonathan+O%E2%80%99Neil+%26+Crispin+T.+S.+Little&rft.aufirst=Matthew+S.&rft.date=2017&rft.volume=543&rft.pages=60%E2%80%9364&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature21377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bounama,_S._Franck,_W._Von_Bloh2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="C._Bounama,_S._Franck,_W._Von_Bloh2001"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> C. Bounama, S. Franck, W. Von Bloh, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">The fate of Earth's ocean</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Hydrology and Earth System Sciences</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 5, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 4,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2001-10-16" data-sort-value="2001-10-16">16 octobre 2001</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">569-576</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+fate+of+Earth%27s+ocean&rft.jtitle=Hydrology+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issue=4&rft.au=C.+Bounama%2C+S.+Franck%2C+W.+Von+Bloh&rft.date=2001-10-16&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=569-576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="NutmanBennettL._FriendVan_Kranendonk2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Allen_P._NutmanVickie_C._BennettClark_R._L._FriendMartin_J._Van_Kranendonk2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Allen P. Nutman, Vickie C. Bennett, Clark R. L. Friend, Martin J. Van Kranendonk et Allan R. Chivas, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Rapid emergence of life shown by discovery of 3,700-million-year-old microbial structures</cite> », <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(revue)" title="Nature (revue)"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Nature</span></a></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 537, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 7621,‎ 22 septembre 2016 (publication en ligne : 31 août 2016), <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">535-538</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature19355">10.1038/nature19355</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature19355.html">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rapid+emergence+of+life+shown+by+discovery+of+3%2C700-million-year-old+microbial+structures&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.issue=7621&rft.aulast=Nutman&rft.aufirst=Allen+P.&rft.au=Vickie+C.+Bennett&rft.au=Clark+R.+L.+Friend&rft.au=Martin+J.+Van+Kranendonk&rft.au=Allan+R.+Chivas&rft.date=2016&rft.volume=537&rft.pages=535-538&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature19355&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnature%2Fjournal%2Fvaop%2Fncurrent%2Ffull%2Fnature19355.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Larousserie2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="David_Larousserie2016">David <span class="nom_auteur">Larousserie</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Les plus anciennes traces de vie découvertes au Groenland</cite> », <i>Le Monde.fr</i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-08-31" data-sort-value="2016-08-31">31 août 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1950-6244">1950-6244</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/sciences/article/2016/08/31/les-plus-anciennes-traces-de-vie-decouvertes-au-groenland_4990666_1650684.html">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-08-31" data-sort-value="2016-08-31">31 août 2016</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Les+plus+anciennes+traces+de+vie+d%C3%A9couvertes+au+Groenland&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.aulast=Larousserie&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2016-08-31&rft.issn=1950-6244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Allwood,_Minik_T._Rosing,_David_T._Flannery,_Joel_A._Hurowitz_&_Christopher_M._Heirwegh2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Abigail_C._Allwood,_Minik_T._Rosing,_David_T._Flannery,_Joel_A._Hurowitz_&_Christopher_M._Heirwegh2018"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Abigail C. Allwood, Minik T. Rosing, David T. Flannery, Joel A. Hurowitz & Christopher M. Heirwegh, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Reassessing evidence of life in 3,700-million-year-old rocks of Greenland</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Nature_(revue)" title="Nature (revue)">Nature</a></span></i>,‎ <time>2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0610-4">10.1038/s41586-018-0610-4</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Reassessing+evidence+of+life+in+3%2C700-million-year-old+rocks+of+Greenland&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.aulast=Allwood%2C+Minik+T.+Rosing%2C+David+T.+Flannery%2C+Joel+A.+Hurowitz+%26+Christopher+M.+Heirwegh&rft.aufirst=Abigail+C.&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41586-018-0610-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Albani_et_coll.2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="El_Albani_et_coll.2010"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> El <span class="nom_auteur">Albani et coll.</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Large colonial organisms with coordinated growth in oxygenated environments 2.1 Gyr ago</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Nature</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 466,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2010-07-01" data-sort-value="2010-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 2010</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">100-104</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09166">10.1038/nature09166</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Large+colonial+organisms+with+coordinated+growth+in+oxygenated+environments+2.1%E2%80%89Gyr+ago&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.issue=466&rft.aulast=Albani+et+coll.&rft.aufirst=El&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.pages=100-104&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature09166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bœuf2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gilles_Bœuf2014"><a href="/wiki/Gilles_B%C5%93uf" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilles Bœuf">Gilles Bœuf</a>, <cite class="italique">La biodiversité, de l’océan à la cité</cite>, Collège de France, <time>2014</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 7<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+biodiversit%C3%A9%2C+de+l%E2%80%99oc%C3%A9an+%C3%A0+la+cit%C3%A9&rft.pub=Coll%C3%A8ge+de+France&rft.aulast=B%C5%93uf&rft.aufirst=Gilles&rft.date=2014&rft.pages=7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AChronologie+de+l%27%C3%A9volution+du+vivant"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffce00;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Pal%C3%A9ontologie" title="Modèle:Palette Paléontologie"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Pal%C3%A9ontologie&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9ontologie" title="Paléontologie">Paléontologie</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="background-color:#ffce00;" colspan="2"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fossile" title="Fossile">Fossile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subfossile" title="Subfossile">Subfossile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_la_pal%C3%A9ontologie" title="Histoire de la paléontologie">Histoire de la paléontologie</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffe000;"><a href="/wiki/Datation" title="Datation">Datation</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biostratigraphie" title="Biostratigraphie">Biostratigraphie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chronologie de la paléontologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_Terre" title="Chronologie de la Terre">Chronologie de l'histoire naturelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronostratigraphie" title="Chronostratigraphie">Chronostratigraphie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datation_au_carbone_14" title="Datation au carbone 14">Datation au carbone 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datation_radiom%C3%A9trique" title="Datation radiométrique">Datation radiométrique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_des_temps_g%C3%A9ologiques" title="Échelle des temps géologiques">Échelle des temps géologiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9ochronologie" title="Géochronologie">Géochronologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoire_%C3%A9volutive_du_vivant" title="Histoire évolutive du vivant">Histoire évolutive du vivant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9omagn%C3%A9tisme" title="Paléomagnétisme">Paléomagnétisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratigraphie" title="Stratigraphie">Stratigraphie</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffe000;"><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9o%C3%A9cologie" title="Paléoécologie">Paléoécologie</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background-color:#ffffd0;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coprolithe" title="Coprolithe">Coprolithe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnopal%C3%A9ontologie" title="Ethnopaléontologie">Ethnopaléontologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9oc%C3%A9anographie" title="Paléocéanographie">Paléocéanographie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9oclimatologie" title="Paléoclimatologie">Paléoclimatologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9oenvironnement" title="Paléoenvironnement">Paléoenvironnement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9og%C3%A9ographie" title="Paléogéographie">Paléogéographie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9oichnologie" title="Paléoichnologie">Paléoichnologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9olimnologie" title="Paléolimnologie">Paléolimnologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9ontologie_virtuelle" title="Paléontologie virtuelle">Paléontologie virtuelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9opalynologie" title="Paléopalynologie">Paléopalynologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9dologie_(g%C3%A9oscience)" title="Pédologie (géoscience)">Paléopédologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9otempestologie" title="Paléotempestologie">Paléotempestologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9ov%C3%A9g%C3%A9tation" title="Paléovégétation">Paléovégétation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taphonomie" title="Taphonomie">Taphonomie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxon_Lazare" title="Taxon Lazare">Taxon Lazare</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffe000;"><a href="/wiki/Pal%C3%A9obiologie" title="Paléobiologie">Paléobiologie</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Micropal%C3%A9ontologie" title="Micropaléontologie">Micropaléontologie</a></li> <li><a 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