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Guinea and Cameroon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jamaican_Baptist_Mission_to_Eq._Guinea_and_Cameroon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lifetime_work_:_Bible_translation_in_Duala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lifetime_work_:_Bible_translation_in_Duala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Lifetime work : Bible translation in Duala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lifetime_work_:_Bible_translation_in_Duala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Working_with_fellow_missionaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Working_with_fellow_missionaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Working with fellow missionaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Working_with_fellow_missionaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tensions_with_missionaries_and_country_peoples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tensions_with_missionaries_and_country_peoples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Tensions with missionaries and country peoples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tensions_with_missionaries_and_country_peoples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Less_contrast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Less_contrast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Less contrast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Less_contrast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geographical_discoveries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geographical_discoveries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Geographical discoveries</span> 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British missionary</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Alfred James Lymmonds Saker</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Saker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Alfred_Saker.jpg/220px-Alfred_Saker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Alfred_Saker.jpg/330px-Alfred_Saker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Alfred_Saker.jpg/440px-Alfred_Saker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1282" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1814-07-28</span>)</span>28 July 1814<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Wrotham" title="Wrotham">Wrotham</a>, Kent, United Kingdom</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">12 March 1880<span style="display:none">(1880-03-12)</span> (aged 65)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">British</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Missionary in <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, Africa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Ann_Helen_Jessup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarah Ann Helen Jessup (page does not exist)">Sarah Ann Helen Jessup</a> (1816-1886)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alfred Saker</b> (21 July 1814 in <a href="/wiki/Wrotham" title="Wrotham">Wrotham</a>, Kent – 12 March 1880 in <a href="/wiki/Peckham" title="Peckham">Peckham</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a> <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Missionary Society">Baptist Missionary Society</a>. In 1858 he led a Baptist Mission that relocated from the then Spanish island of Fernando Po and landed in Southern Cameroons. According to the record, he bought land from indigenous Bimbia chiefs, established a seaside settlement christened Victoria after the reigning British Empress. The settlement was renamed Limbe by decree in 1982 by President <a href="/wiki/Ahmadou_Ahidjo" title="Ahmadou Ahidjo">Ahmadou Ahidjo</a> of Cameroon. </p><p>Alfred Saker wished to be known under no other designation than a "Missionary to Africa".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was a leader of the early <a href="/wiki/BMS_World_Mission" title="BMS World Mission">British Baptist missionaries</a> that established churches on <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Po_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernando Po Island">Fernando Po Island</a> and Cameroon. His 1844-1876 mission work included translation<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - between 1862 and 1872 - of the Bible into the <a href="/wiki/Duala_language" title="Duala language">Duala language</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_consecration_(1841_-_1842)"><span id="Early_life_and_consecration_.281841_-_1842.29"></span>Early life and consecration (1841 - 1842)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and consecration (1841 - 1842)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Birthplace – Childhood – Youth</b><br /> Alfred Saker was born on 21 July 1814 in <a href="/wiki/Borough_Green" title="Borough Green">Borough Green</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Wrotham" title="Wrotham">Wrotham, Kent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was a millwright and engineer, and the parent of a large family of children, many of whom died in infancy. Alfred was a weakly babe. His parents could afford only to send him to the National School of the place. He early showed a great love for books. He later entered his father's workshop, carrying with him a thirst for knowledge, study and books. Before he was sixteen, he had constructed a small steam-engine. </p><p><b>Conversion – Devotion to Christ</b><br /> There was, indeed, a small Baptist chapel in the hamlet. Alfred Saker's mind was not on the Gospel. One Sabbath evening he was strolling alone through the street, when the singing in a chapel that he passed drew his attention. He entered. He assisted in the <a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">choir</a>, and as his gifts drew attention, he was prompt to exercise them in the <a href="/wiki/Cottages" class="mw-redirect" title="Cottages">cottages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlets</a> around. He took an active part in every good work. On 4 January 1834, at 19 years old, he was baptized by Mr. Fremling, of <a href="/wiki/Foots_cray" class="mw-redirect" title="Foots cray">Foots cray</a>, and became a member of the church in the village of his nativity.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the public devotion of himself to Christ, he began to extend his labours in every direction. His evenings were either given to self-improvement or he would go to some member's house, where a few lowly people were gathered for converse and prayer. His fitness for evangelistic service became more and more apparent. Not a village or hamlet in the neighbour¬hood was left untouched by his zealous ministrations. This, perhaps, may be regarded as the beginning of his ministry. It was a voluntary movement on his part. The church soon called him to exercise his ministry in a more formal way, and for some time, at their request, he occupied every other Sabbath the little chapel at <a href="/wiki/Plaxtol" title="Plaxtol">Plaxtol</a>. </p><p><b>Dockyard at Devonport – Marriage</b> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mrs._Saker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Mrs._Saker.jpg/220px-Mrs._Saker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Mrs._Saker.jpg/330px-Mrs._Saker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Mrs._Saker.jpg/440px-Mrs._Saker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="1285" /></a><figcaption>Mrs Saker, portrayed in her daughter's book<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The death of his father, in 1838, led Saker to seek employment elsewhere. He applied at various dockyards, and was appointed in <a href="/wiki/Devonport,_Devon" class="mw-redirect" title="Devonport, Devon">Devonport</a>, preparing drawings for the Admiralty. In October 1839, he was sent for nine months to the dockyard at <a href="/wiki/Deptford" title="Deptford">Deptford</a>, to superintend the erection of machinery.<sup id="cite_ref-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1840, in St Marys, <a href="/wiki/Newington,_London" title="Newington, London">Newington, London</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was married to Helen Jessup<sup id="cite_ref-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-familytreemaker.genealogy.com_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-familytreemaker.genealogy.com-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and returned to Devonport. </p><p><b>Desire for a missionary life</b><br /> In the early days of his Christian life, he had formed the desire to consecrate his powers to the service of Christ in Africa. He owed much to his highly esteemed pastor, the Rev. Thos. Horton. In this wish he was encouraged by his devoted wife. In 1843, with his wife, he was hired as a missionary by the <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Missionary Society">Baptist Missionary Society</a> and took a ship to <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, before arriving at Port Clarence (<a href="/wiki/Malabo" title="Malabo">Malabo</a>) on <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Po_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernando Po (island)">Fernando Poo</a> (island of <a href="/wiki/Bioko" title="Bioko">Bioko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a>) in 1844.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the purpose of the missionary executive to use a small steamer in connection with mission work and Mr. <b>Saker</b> went out in the position of assistant missionary, combining with that the duties of engineer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mission">Mission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Origin of the African Mission & The exploration</b> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Slavery_Abolition_Act_1833" title="Slavery Abolition Act 1833">Act of Emancipation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> drove numbers of the <a href="/wiki/Freedman" title="Freedman">freed Africans</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> the light of life to the land of their fathers, the <i>Dark Continent</i>. Other British candidates like <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Merrick_(missionary)" title="Joseph Merrick (missionary)">Rev. Joseph. Merrick</a>, with their families, were examined and accepted. In 1845, he joined <a href="/wiki/Douala" title="Douala">Douala</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> and founded a school there.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jamaican_Baptist_Mission_to_Eq._Guinea_and_Cameroon">Jamaican Baptist Mission to Eq. Guinea and Cameroon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Jamaican Baptist Mission to Eq. Guinea and Cameroon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg/220px-Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg/330px-Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg/440px-Joseph_Wilson_the_first_convert_in_Fernando_Po.jpg 2x" data-file-width="779" data-file-height="1237" /></a><figcaption>Joseph Wilson, The first convert in Fernando Po</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, there was an end to <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a>. A number of ex-slaves who had become Christians decided to become missionaries in Africa. So began the Jamaican <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Missionary Society">Baptist Missionary Society</a> work in 1843, in Fernando Po, today Equatorial Guinea near the coast of Cameroon.<sup id="cite_ref-Molemaker_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molemaker-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1849, Saker founded Bethel Baptist Church.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1853, the Spanish government, instigated by the <a href="/wiki/Jesuit_missionaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit missionaries">Jesuit missionaries</a>, insisted on the departure of the Baptists from Fernando Po, and suppressed all Protestant worship. The converts resolved to accompany their teachers, and the whole Baptist community removed under Mr. Saker's guidance to Amboises Bay, on the mainland. He purchased a tract of land on the coast from the Bimbia chief, and mapped out the new colony of Victoria. Under his energetic superintendence and untiring personal labor the ground was soon covered with houses and gardens for the exiles. Mr. Saker's influence upon the native chiefs and their people was most successfully exercised in suppressing many of their cruel and sanguinary customs. Indeed, if he had chosen, he might have made himself their king in the later years of his residence among them. Although he lived so long in a climate deadly to Europeans, he suffered greatly from fever and debility. </p><p>Shortly after his arrival at Fernando Po, the headquarters of the Baptist missionaries, he visited the tribes on the mainland at the mouth of the Cameroons River. Here he built a house suitable for the work, with his own hands, and gradually acquired acquaintance with the language of the people. Within two years of the commencement of his labors he had reduced their language to writing and prepared a lesson-book for the school which he had formed. With the printing-press and material sent to him by the church at Devonport he printed schoolbooks for the use of his scholars and portions of the New Testament. </p><p>In 1849, the church at Cameroons was formed, and a Christian civilization began to spread itself there through Mr. Saker's efforts. He induced the people to labor with something like regularity in agriculture, introducing various plants, such as bread-fruit, mangoes, oranges, and other fruits and vegetables for daily sustenance. These productions, moreover, enabled them to obtain manufactured articles from the ships frequenting the river, and in the course of a few years a civilized community was established. He taught his converts the industrial arts, and soon found himself surrounded by artisans of all sorts, carpenters, smiths, bricklayers, etc. The more forward scholars soon became helpful in the printing-office work, and aided in the translation and printing of the Scriptures in the Duala tongue, which was his lifelong task. </p><p>In 1851, the mission was reduced by death to such a degree that not a single fellow-laborer remained of those who went out with him, except one or two colored brethren. All his European colleagues were gone, and he was left alone. Hitherto he had been in a subordinate position, but now from necessity he was obliged to take the lead. </p><p>In 1858, the Spanish authorities expelled the Protestant missionaries from Fernando Po and Alfred Saker returned to the mainland with a group of liberated slaves, and bought a large tract of land (16 km x 8 km) from King <a href="/wiki/William_I_of_Bimbia" title="William I of Bimbia">William of Bimbia</a>. The small group built a school, a church, and other buildings for the mission, thereby founding the city of Victoria, now <a href="/wiki/Limbe,_Cameroon" class="mw-redirect" title="Limbe, Cameroon">Limbé</a> (since 1982). They also faced problems of health or the hostility of the population. They opened churches, dispensaries and centers of care and trained a great number of Cameroonian pastors, tailors, shoe-makers, masons and carpenters who helped them build the Church of Béthel in 1860. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lifetime_work_:_Bible_translation_in_Duala">Lifetime work : Bible translation in Duala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lifetime work : Bible translation in Duala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1847, the Jamaican <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Merrick_(missionary)" title="Joseph Merrick (missionary)">Joseph Merrick</a> had completed a translation of the Gospel of Matthew into the <a href="/wiki/Isubu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Isubu language">Isubu language</a>. A year later Saker himself started a translation in Douala.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1872 he had the whole Bible translated in this language and 200 copies were printed at his own press. In the meantime, Saker established a European settlement named Victoria. The Protestant missionaries were forced to leave the Roman Catholic Spanish island of Fernando Po and could now join forces with Saker from this settlement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Working_with_fellow_missionaries">Working with fellow missionaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Working with fellow missionaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg/220px-Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg/330px-Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg/440px-Merrick_at_Isubu_funeral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Merrick" title="Joseph Merrick">Joseph Merrick</a> at an <a href="/wiki/Isubu_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Isubu people">Isubu</a> funeral, Limbe (1845).</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the fascinating things in the work of Saker was working with people from Jamaica. Joseph Merrick can be seen as the pioneer of the work in Cameroon. He had a talent for learning languages and within a short time he preached in Isubu and Douala. He died on the way to Jamaica in the year 1849.<sup id="cite_ref-Molemaker_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molemaker-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tensions_with_missionaries_and_country_peoples">Tensions with missionaries and country peoples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tensions with missionaries and country peoples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg/220px-Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="351" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg/330px-Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg/440px-Conflicts_with_country_peoples.jpg 2x" data-file-width="837" data-file-height="1334" /></a><figcaption>The Conflicts with country peoples</figcaption></figure> <p>Another Jamaican was <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jackson_Fuller" title="Joseph Jackson Fuller">Rev. Joseph Jackson Fuller</a> (1825-1908), born into slavery in Jamaica. In 1850 he was accepted as a missionary and eight years later he became pastor. Fuller wrote in the period in Fernando Po about tensions between the whites from England and the former slaves from Jamaica. </p><p>The British showed themselves in a paternalistic attitude and a certain degree of cultural domination. Fuller realized a lot of work in education, oversaw the printing and negotiated with the local king. He also translated the book Pilgrims Progress in Douala. He left Cameroon in 1888 and until his death he lived in England.<sup id="cite_ref-Molemaker_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molemaker-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although all the missionaries of the <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Missionary Society">Baptist Missionary Society</a> were in theory equal, there was nevertheless differences. For example, in the wages: in 1863 Saker received £250 <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">pound</a>, Fuller £125 and Rev. Johnson, the first baptized by Saker, 100 pounds. </p><p>There were complaints about the actions of Saker from the local believers, but also a Scottish missionary protested his actions. After investigation the missionary organization said Saker was not guilty, however, the way he his treated the local believers had to change. The Scottish missionary was fired. This was of the opinion that the three performance Saker - Bible translation, printing and the foundation of Victoria - had been largely due to Merrick and Fuller.<sup id="cite_ref-Molemaker_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molemaker-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Less_contrast">Less contrast</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Less contrast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the end of the 1870s Saker stopped his work and returned to his homeland, where he died in 1880. The history of Alfred Saker shows a less black and white picture than seen on the memorial in Limbe.<sup id="cite_ref-Molemaker_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Molemaker-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geographical_discoveries">Geographical discoveries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geographical discoveries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg/220px-Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg/330px-Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg/440px-Cameroons_that_Saker_laboured.jpg 2x" data-file-width="869" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption>The Cameroons that Saker laboured</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_life">Family life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Family life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He has been supported during his mission by his wife and kids.<sup id="cite_ref-Em._Saker_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Em._Saker-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg/220px-Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg/330px-Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg/440px-Alfred_Saker_monument.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2640" data-file-height="1980" /></a><figcaption>Alfred Saker, Missionary to Africa, who landed, founded and named the Township Victoria. Tablet erected in memory of his devoted work to mark the Centenary of Victoria, 1858-1958</figcaption></figure> <p>Alfred Saker first went to Africa in 1844 as part of a missionary team on the island of Fernando Po (now <a href="/wiki/Bioko" title="Bioko">Bioko</a>). He was, in the opinion of <a href="/wiki/David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a>, the most important English <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionary</a> in West Africa. He envisioned great possibilities and tried to convince the English government to make this area a <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Colony">Crown Colony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Em._Saker_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Em._Saker-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He established his first missionary station on the continent near present-day Douala, Cameroon, in 1845. He founded the city of Victoria, Cameroon, and translated the Bible into <a href="/wiki/Douala" title="Douala">Douala</a>, the local language. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Places_named_in_his_honour_and_other_memorials">Places named in his honour and other memorials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Places named in his honour and other memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG/220px-COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG/330px-COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG/440px-COLLEGE_ALFRED_SAKER..JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Alfred Saker College, Douala</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Cameroon">In Cameroon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In Cameroon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Limbe">Limbe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Limbe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A Baptist school, <a href="/wiki/Saker_Baptist_College" title="Saker Baptist College">Saker Baptist College</a>, is named after him.</li> <li>Alfred Saker Baptist Church</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Douala">Douala</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Douala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>College Alfred Saker Deïdo</li> <li>Alfred Saker street in Douala</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p><b>Bibliographic sources</b> </p> <ul><li>Underhill, Edward Bean (1813-1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL22844687M/Alfred_Saker_missionary_to_Africa"><i>Alfred Saker (1814-1880), missionary to Africa : a biography</i></a>, (1884) London: Baptist Missionary Society <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li>Emily Martha Ashfield Saker, b. 1849.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Alfred Saker The Pioneer of the Cameroons</i>, (1908), London : Religious Tract Society <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1%2B175%2B69259%2BX" title="Special:BookSources/1+175+69259+X">1 175 69259 X</a></li> <li>Jaap Van Slageren. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/assr_0335-5985_1973_num_36_1_2076_t1_0218_0000_2"><i>Les origines de l'Église évangélique du Cameroun</i></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Citations</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnderhill1884" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bean_Underhill" title="Edward Bean Underhill">Underhill, Edward Bean</a> (1884). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/alfredsakermissi00unde#page/n8/mode/1up">"Preface P.IX"</a>. <i>Alfred Saker, The pioneer of the Cameroons</i>. Publ.:Baptist Missionary Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Preface+P.IX&rft.btitle=Alfred+Saker%2C+The+pioneer+of+the+Cameroons&rft.pub=Publ.%3ABaptist+Missionary+Society&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=Underhill&rft.aufirst=Edward+Bean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Falfredsakermissi00unde%23page%2Fn8%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaker1908" class="citation book cs1">Saker, Emily (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/alfredsakerthepi00sakeuoft#page/3/mode/1up">"Preface p. 3"</a>. <i>Alfred Saker The pioneer of Cameroons</i>. Publ.:The religious Tract Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Preface+p.+3&rft.btitle=Alfred+Saker+The+pioneer+of+Cameroons&rft.pub=Publ.%3AThe+religious+Tract+Society&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Saker&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Falfredsakerthepi00sakeuoft%23page%2F3%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/grammaticalelem00sakegoog#page/n57/mode/2up">"Grammatical elements of the Dualla language [by A.J.S. Saker]"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grammatical+elements+of+the+Dualla+language+%5Bby+A.J.S.+Saker%5D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fgrammaticalelem00sakegoog%23page%2Fn57%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William H. Brackney, <i>Historical Dictionary of the Baptists</i>, Scarecrow Press, USA, 2009, p. 501</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Bean Underhill, <i>Alfred Saker, Missionary to Africa: A Biography</i>, Baptist Missionary Society, UK, 1884, p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/alfredsakerthepi00sakeuoft#page/n40/mode/1up">"Alfred Saker, the pioneer of the Cameroons"</a>. 1908.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alfred+Saker%2C+the+pioneer+of+the+Cameroons&rft.date=1908&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Falfredsakerthepi00sakeuoft%23page%2Fn40%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edward_Bean_Underhill_1884,_p._5_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Bean Underhill, <i>Alfred Saker, Missionary to Africa: A Biography</i>, Baptist Missionary Society, UK, 1884, p. 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boards.ancestry.co.uk/localities.britisles.england.lnd.general/4537.1.1/mb.ashx">"Message Boards"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Message+Boards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboards.ancestry.co.uk%2Flocalities.britisles.england.lnd.general%2F4537.1.1%2Fmb.ashx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-familytreemaker.genealogy.com-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-familytreemaker.genealogy.com_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/s/a/k/Jeremy-R-Saker/WEBSITE-0001/UHP-0228.html">"Jeremy-R-Saker - User Trees - Genealogy.com"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeremy-R-Saker+-+User+Trees+-+Genealogy.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffamilytreemaker.genealogy.com%2Fusers%2Fs%2Fa%2Fk%2FJeremy-R-Saker%2FWEBSITE-0001%2FUHP-0228.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320202900/http://www.bwa-baptist-heritage.org/dek.htm">"Paul Dekar, Jamaican and British Baptists in West Africa, 1841-1888"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bwa-baptist-heritage.org/dek.htm">the original</a> on 20 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+Dekar%2C+Jamaican+and+British+Baptists+in+West+Africa%2C+1841-1888&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bwa-baptist-heritage.org%2Fdek.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William H. Brackney, <i>Historical Dictionary of the Baptists</i>, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2021, p. 525</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis B. Nyamnjoh, <i>Regional Balance and National Integration in Cameroon: Lessons Learned and the Uncertain Future</i>, African Books Collective, UK, 2011, p. 198</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Molemaker-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Molemaker_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molemaker_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molemaker_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molemaker_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molemaker_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrs._Willem_Molemaker" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Drs. Willem Molemaker. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221224857/http://eza.nl/media/upload/files/Zending%20Nu%202007%20juni%20-%20Van%20Jamaica%20naar%20Kameroen.pdf">"Van Jamaica naar Kameroen, Het leven en werk van Alfred Saker"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Dutch). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eza.nl/media/upload/files/Zending%20Nu%202007%20juni%20-%20Van%20Jamaica%20naar%20Kameroen.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 21 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Van+Jamaica+naar+Kameroen%2C+Het+leven+en+werk+van+Alfred+Saker&rft.au=Drs.+Willem+Molemaker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feza.nl%2Fmedia%2Fupload%2Ffiles%2FZending%2520Nu%25202007%2520juni%2520-%2520Van%2520Jamaica%2520naar%2520Kameroen.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert E. Johnson, <i>A Global Introduction to Baptist Churches</i>, Cambridge University Press, UK, 2010, p. 200</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jaap Van Slageren, <i>Les origines de l'Église évangélique du Cameroun: missions européennes et christianisme autochtone</i>, Brill Archive, Netherlands, 1972, p. 29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Em._Saker-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Em._Saker_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Em._Saker_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfred Saker: The Pioneer of the Cameroons (1908), Author: His daughter Emily M. Saker, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781164092612" title="Special:BookSources/9781164092612">9781164092612</a>, p.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/browse?type=atitle&index=992166&key=saker%02%20e%20m%20(emily%20martha)%02%20b%201849%01alfred%20saker%20the%20pioneer%20of%20the%20cameroons%20/%20by%20em%20saker&c=x">"Browse authors with titles: saker e m (emily martha) b 1849 alfred saker the pioneer of the cameroons / by em saker - The Online Books Page"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Browse+authors+with+titles%3A+saker+e+m+%28emily+martha%29+b+1849+alfred+saker+the+pioneer+of+the+cameroons+%2F+by+em+saker+-+The+Online+Books+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonlinebooks.library.upenn.edu%2Fwebbin%2Fbook%2Fbrowse%3Ftype%3Datitle%26index%3D992166%26key%3Dsaker%2502%2520e%2520m%2520%28emily%2520martha%29%2502%2520b%25201849%2501alfred%2520saker%2520the%2520pioneer%2520of%2520the%2520cameroons%2520%2F%2520by%2520em%2520saker%26c%3Dx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlfred+Saker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Saker&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alfred_Saker" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Alfred Saker">Alfred Saker</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204190229/http://www.bakweri.org/2004/03/august_21_1958_.html">Deed of Purchase of Victoria District, West Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protestant_missions_to_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protestant_missions_to_Africa" title="Template:Protestant missions to Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protestant_missions_to_Africa" title="Template talk:Protestant missions to Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protestant_missions_to_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protestant missions to Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protestant_missions_to_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Protestant missions to Africa</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Allen" title="Roland Allen">Roland Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Anderson_(missionary)" title="William Anderson (missionary)">William Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Stanley_Arnot" title="Frederick Stanley Arnot">Frederick Stanley Arnot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Arthur_(missionary)" title="John Arthur (missionary)">John Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_K._Becker" title="Carl K. Becker">Carl K. Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bill" title="Samuel Bill">Samuel Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Booth_(missionary)" title="Joseph Booth (missionary)">Joseph Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Coker" title="Daniel Coker">Daniel Coker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kumler_Flickinger" title="Daniel Kumler Flickinger">Daniel Kumler Flickinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Jackson_Fuller" title="Joseph Jackson Fuller">Joseph Jackson Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grenfell" title="George Grenfell">George Grenfell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hugo_Hahn" title="Carl Hugo Hahn">Carl Hugo Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hardcastle_(1752%E2%80%931818)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Hardcastle (1752–1818)">Joseph Hardcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Crane_Hartzell" title="Joseph Crane Hartzell">Joseph Crane Hartzell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ittmann" title="Johannes Ittmann">Johannes Ittmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Heinrich_Kleinschmidt" title="Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt">Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Ludwig_Krapf" title="Johann Ludwig Krapf">Johann Ludwig Krapf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Nicholl_Laird" title="Margaret Nicholl Laird">Margaret Nicholl Laird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Ignatius_Latrobe" title="Christian Ignatius Latrobe">Christian Ignatius Latrobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Livingstone_(n%C3%A9e_Moffat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Livingstone (née Moffat)">Mary Livingstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Murdoch_Mackay" title="Alexander Murdoch Mackay">Alexander Murdoch Mackay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Merrick_(missionary)" title="Joseph Merrick (missionary)">Joseph Merrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Moffat" title="Mary Moffat">Mary Moffat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Moffat_(missionary)" title="Robert Moffat (missionary)">Robert Moffat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murray_(minister)" title="Andrew Murray (minister)">Andrew Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Roseveare" title="Helen Roseveare">Helen Roseveare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Paludan_Smith_Schreuder" title="Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder">Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Philip_(missionary)" title="John Philip (missionary)">John Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martti_Rautanen" title="Martti Rautanen">Martti Rautanen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orishatukeh_Faduma" title="Orishatukeh Faduma">Orishatukeh Faduma</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfred Saker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Schmelen" title="Heinrich Schmelen">Heinrich Schmelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Sheppard" title="William Henry Sheppard">William Henry Sheppard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Slessor" title="Mary Slessor">Mary Slessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKendree_Springer" title="John McKendree Springer">John McKendree Springer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Stevenson" title="Marion Stevenson">Marion Scott Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Studd" title="Charles Studd">Charles Studd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulda_Stumpf" title="Hulda Stumpf">Hulda Stumpf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Denys_Taylor" title="John Denys Taylor">John Denys Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Taylor_(bishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Taylor (bishop)">William Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottlieb_Viehe" title="Gottlieb Viehe">Gottlieb Viehe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missionary<br />agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Board_of_Commissioners_for_Foreign_Missions" title="American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions">American Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Inland_Mission" title="Africa Inland Mission">Africa Inland Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Baptist_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Baptist Missionary Society">Australian Baptist Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Missionary_Society" title="Berlin Missionary Society">Berlin Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethel_Mission,_German_East_Africa" title="Bethel Mission, German East Africa">Bethel Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMS_World_Mission" title="BMS World Mission">BMS World Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congo-Balolo_Mission" title="Congo-Balolo Mission">Congo-Balolo Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_and_Missionary_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian and Missionary Alliance">Christian and Missionary Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Mission_Society" title="Church Mission Society">Church Mission Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echoes_of_Service" title="Echoes of Service">Echoes of Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Missionary Society">Finnish Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingstone_Inland_Mission" title="Livingstone Inland Mission">Livingstone Inland Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Missionary_Society" title="London Missionary Society">London Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Africa" title="Mission Africa">Mission Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_to_the_World" title="Mission to the World">Mission to the World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Evangelical_Missionary_Society" title="Paris Evangelical Missionary Society">Paris Evangelical Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhenish_Missionary_Society" title="Rhenish Missionary Society">Rhenish Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIM_(Christian_organization)" title="SIM (Christian organization)">SIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Society_Partners_in_the_Gospel" title="United Society Partners in the Gospel">USPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEC_International" title="WEC International">WEC International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wycliffe_Global_Alliance" title="Wycliffe Global Alliance">Wycliffe Global Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pivotal events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slave_Trade_Act_1807" title="Slave Trade Act 1807">Slave Trade Act 1807</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_Abolition_Act_1833" title="Slavery Abolition Act 1833">Slavery Abolition Act 1833</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Africa" title="Christianity in Africa">Christianity in Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Christian_missions" title="Timeline of Christian missions">Timeline of Christian missions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835444#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835444#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835444#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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