CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Galatians 1:14 I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/galatians/1-14.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/2/48_Gal_01_14.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Galatians 1:14 - Paul Preaches the Gospel" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/galatians/1-14.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/galatians/1-14.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/galatians/">Galatians</a> > <a href="/galatians/1.htm">Chapter 1</a> > Verse 14</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad14.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/galatians/1-13.htm" title="Galatians 1:13">◄</a> Galatians 1:14 <a href="/galatians/1-15.htm" title="Galatians 1:15">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Greek </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/galatians/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/galatians/1.htm">New International Version</a> I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/nlt/galatians/1.htm">New Living Translation</a> I was far ahead of my fellow Jews in my zeal for the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/esv/galatians/1.htm">English Standard Version</a> And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people, so extremely zealous was I for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/bsb/galatians/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/blb/galatians/1.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many contemporaries among my people, being more abundantly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/kjv/galatians/1.htm">King James Bible</a> And profited in the Jews' religion above many my equals in mine own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/nkjv/galatians/1.htm">New King James Version</a> And I advanced in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries in my own nation, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/nasb_/galatians/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> and I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries among my countrymen, being more extremely zealous for my ancestral traditions. <a href="/nasb/galatians/1.htm">NASB 1995</a> and I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries among my countrymen, being more extremely zealous for my ancestral traditions. <a href="/nasb77/galatians/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a> and I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries among my countrymen, being more extremely zealous for my ancestral traditions. <a href="/lsb/galatians/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries among my countrymen, being far more zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/amp/galatians/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a> And [you have heard how] I surpassed many of my contemporaries among my countrymen in [my advanced study of the laws of] Judaism, as I was extremely loyal to the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/csb/galatians/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> I advanced in Judaism beyond many contemporaries among my people, because I was extremely zealous for the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/hcsb/galatians/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> I advanced in Judaism beyond many contemporaries among my people, because I was extremely zealous for the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/asv/galatians/1.htm">American Standard Version</a> and I advanced in the Jews' religion beyond many of mine own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/cev/galatians/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> I was a much better Jew than anyone else my own age, and I obeyed every law our ancestors had given us. <a href="/erv/galatians/1.htm">English Revised Version</a> and I advanced in the Jews' religion beyond many of mine own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/gwt/galatians/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> You also heard how I was far ahead of other Jews in my age group in following the Jewish religion. I had become that fanatical for the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/gnt/galatians/1.htm">Good News Translation</a> I was ahead of most other Jews of my age in my practice of the Jewish religion, and was much more devoted to the traditions of our ancestors. <a href="/isv/galatians/1.htm">International Standard Version</a> I advanced in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries, because I was far more zealous for the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/msb/galatians/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/net/galatians/1.htm">NET Bible</a> I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries in my nation, and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my ancestors. <a href="/nheb/galatians/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> I advanced in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/wbt/galatians/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And profited in the Jews' religion above many my equals in my own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/wey/galatians/1.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> and how in devotion to Judaism I outstripped many men of my own age among my people, being far more zealous than they on behalf of the traditions of my forefathers. <a href="/web/galatians/1.htm">World English Bible</a> I advanced in the Jews’ religion beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/galatians/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and I was advancing in Judaism above many equals in age in my own race, being more abundantly zealous of my fathers’ deliverances, <a href="/blb/galatians/1.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many contemporaries among my people, being more abundantly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/ylt/galatians/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and I was advancing in Judaism above many equals in age in mine own race, being more abundantly zealous of my fathers' deliverances, <a href="/slt/galatians/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And I advanced in Judaism above many like in my race, being more abundantly zealous of paternal traditions.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/galatians/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And I made progress in the Jews' religion above many of my equals in my own nation, being more abundantly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/cpdv/galatians/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And I advanced in Judaism beyond many of my equals among my own kind, having proven to be more abundant in zeal toward the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/nabre/galatians/1.htm">New American Bible</a> and progressed in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries among my race, since I was even more a zealot for my ancestral traditions. <a href="/nrsvce/galatians/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> I advanced in Judaism beyond many among my people of the same age, for I was far more zealous for the traditions of my ancestors.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/galatians/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And how that I was far more advanced in the Jews’ religion than many of my age among the people of my race for above all, I was especially zealous for the doctrines of my forefathers. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/galatians/1.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> And I was greatly surpassing many associates in Judaism who were of my people, and I was very zealous in the teaching of my ancestors;<div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/galatians/1.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> and I surpassed in Judaism many of my own age and nation, being more exceedingly zealous for the tradition of my fathers.<CM> <a href="/godbey/galatians/1.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> and I was prominent in Judaism above many comrades in my race, being exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/haweis/galatians/1.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> and signalized myself in Judaism above many of those of my own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly a zealot for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/mace/galatians/1.htm">Mace New Testament</a> and that I made a greater proficiency in Judaism than many my contemporaries of my own nation, being an extraordinary zealot for the traditions of my forefathers. <a href="/wey/galatians/1.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> and how in devotion to Judaism I outstripped many men of my own age among my people, being far more zealous than they on behalf of the traditions of my forefathers. <a href="/worrell/galatians/1.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> and was making progress in Judaism above many companions of the same age in my own nation, being more exceedingly a zealot for my ancestral instructions. <a href="/worsley/galatians/1.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> and I made a proficiency in Judaism above many of the same age with me in my own nation, being excessively zealous for the traditions of my fathers. <a href="/parallel/galatians/1-14.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Jv8Ri4CeT34?start=115" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/galatians/1.htm">Paul Preaches the Gospel</a> …13For you have heard of my former way of life in Judaism, how severely I persecuted the church of God and tried to destroy it. 14<a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. "></a> <a href="/greek/4298.htm" title="4298: proekopton (V-IIA-1S) -- From pro and kopto; to drive forward, i.e. to advance.">I was advancing</a> <a href="/greek/1722.htm" title="1722: en (Prep) -- In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; in, at, on, by, etc.">in</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tō (Art-DMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/2454.htm" title="2454: Ioudaismō (N-DMS) -- The Jewish religion, Judaism. From Ioudaizo; Judaism, i.e. The Jewish faith and usages.">Judaism</a> <a href="/greek/5228.htm" title="5228: hyper (Prep) -- Gen: in behalf of; acc: above. ">beyond</a> <a href="/greek/4183.htm" title="4183: pollous (Adj-AMP) -- Much, many; often. ">many</a> <a href="/greek/4915.htm" title="4915: synēlikiōtas (N-AMP) -- One of the same age. From sun and a derivative of helikia; a co-aged person, i.e. Alike in years.">of my contemporaries</a> <a href="/greek/1722.htm" title="1722: en (Prep) -- In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; in, at, on, by, etc."></a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: mou (PPro-G1S) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I."></a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tō (Art-DNS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/1085.htm" title="1085: genei (N-DNS) -- Offspring, family, race, nation, kind. From ginomai; kin."></a> <a href="/greek/5225.htm" title="5225: hyparchōn (V-PPA-NMS) -- To begin, am, exist, be in possession. From hupo and archomai; to begin under, i.e. Come into existence; expletively, to exist (verb).">and was</a> <a href="/greek/4057.htm" title="4057: perissoterōs (Adv) -- Greatly, exceedingly, abundantly, vehemently. Adverb from perissos; superabundantly.">extremely</a> <a href="/greek/2207.htm" title="2207: zēlōtēs (N-NMS) -- One who is eagerly devoted to a person or a thing, a zealot. From zeloo; a zealot.">zealous</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tōn (Art-GFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">for the</a> <a href="/greek/3862.htm" title="3862: paradoseōn (N-GFP) -- An instruction, tradition. From paradidomi; transmission, i.e. a precept; specially, the Jewish traditionary law.">traditions</a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: mou (PPro-G1S) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.">of my</a> <a href="/greek/3967.htm" title="3967: patrikōn (Adj-GFP) -- Ancestral, paternal, belonging to the fathers (ancestors). From pater; paternal, i.e. Ancestral.">fathers.</a> 15But when God, who set me apart from my mother’s womb and called me by His grace, was pleased…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/philippians/3-5.htm">Philippians 3:5-6</a> circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin; a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; / as to zeal, persecuting the church; as to righteousness in the law, faultless. <a href="/acts/22-3.htm">Acts 22:3</a> “I am a Jew, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but raised in this city. I was educated at the feet of Gamaliel in strict conformity to the law of our fathers. I was just as zealous for God as any of you are today. <a href="/acts/26-5.htm">Acts 26:5</a> They have known me for a long time and can testify, if they are willing, that I lived as a Pharisee, adhering to the strictest sect of our religion. <a href="/romans/10-2.htm">Romans 10:2</a> For I testify about them that they are zealous for God, but not on the basis of knowledge. <a href="/matthew/15-2.htm">Matthew 15:2-3</a> “Why do Your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They do not wash their hands before they eat.” / Jesus replied, “And why do you break the command of God for the sake of your tradition? <a href="/mark/7-5.htm">Mark 7:5-8</a> So the Pharisees and scribes questioned Jesus: “Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders? Instead, they eat with defiled hands.” / Jesus answered them, “Isaiah prophesied correctly about you hypocrites, as it is written: ‘These people honor Me with their lips, but their hearts are far from Me. / They worship Me in vain; they teach as doctrine the precepts of men.’ ... <a href="/colossians/2-8.htm">Colossians 2:8</a> See to it that no one takes you captive through philosophy and empty deception, which are based on human tradition and the spiritual forces of the world rather than on Christ. <a href="/1_timothy/1-13.htm">1 Timothy 1:13-14</a> I was formerly a blasphemer, a persecutor, and a violent man; yet because I had acted in ignorance and unbelief, I was shown mercy. / And the grace of our Lord overflowed to me, along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus. <a href="/2_corinthians/11-22.htm">2 Corinthians 11:22</a> Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. <a href="/acts/21-20.htm">Acts 21:20</a> When they heard this, they glorified God. Then they said to Paul, “You see, brother, how many thousands of Jews have believed, and all of them are zealous for the law. <a href="/jeremiah/9-14.htm">Jeremiah 9:14</a> Instead, they have followed the stubbornness of their hearts and gone after the Baals, as their fathers taught them.” <a href="/isaiah/29-13.htm">Isaiah 29:13</a> Therefore the Lord said: “These people draw near to Me with their mouths and honor Me with their lips, but their hearts are far from Me. Their worship of Me is but rules taught by men. <a href="/hosea/4-6.htm">Hosea 4:6</a> My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge. Because you have rejected knowledge, I will also reject you as My priests. Since you have forgotten the law of your God, I will also forget your children. <a href="/2_kings/17-19.htm">2 Kings 17:19</a> and even Judah did not keep the commandments of the LORD their God, but lived according to the customs Israel had introduced. <a href="/2_kings/17-13.htm">2 Kings 17:13-14</a> Yet through all His prophets and seers, the LORD warned Israel and Judah, saying, “Turn from your wicked ways and keep My commandments and statutes, according to the entire Law that I commanded your fathers and delivered to you through My servants the prophets.” / But they would not listen, and they stiffened their necks like their fathers, who did not believe the LORD their God.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And profited in the Jews' religion above many my equals in my own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers.profited.<a href="/isaiah/29-13.htm">Isaiah 29:13</a> Wherefore the Lord said, Forasmuch as this people draw near me with their mouth, and with their lips do honour me, but have removed their heart far from me, and their fear toward me is taught by the precept of men:<a href="/isaiah/57-12.htm">Isaiah 57:12</a> I will declare thy righteousness, and thy works; for they shall not profit thee.equals.<a href="/acts/22-3.htm">Acts 22:3</a> I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers, and was zealous toward God, as ye all are this day.<a href="/acts/26-5.htm">Acts 26:5,9</a> Which knew me from the beginning, if they would testify, that after the most straitest sect of our religion I lived a Pharisee… <a href="/philippians/3-4.htm">Philippians 3:4-6</a> Though I might also have confidence in the flesh. If any other man thinketh that he hath whereof he might trust in the flesh, I more: … traditions.<a href="/jeremiah/15-2.htm">Jeremiah 15:2</a> And it shall come to pass, if they say unto thee, Whither shall we go forth? then thou shalt tell them, Thus saith the LORD; Such as are for death, to death; and such as are for the sword, to the sword; and such as are for the famine, to the famine; and such as are for the captivity, to the captivity.<a href="/matthew/15-2.htm">Matthew 15:2,3,6</a> Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread… <a href="/mark/7-3.htm">Mark 7:3-13</a> For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders… <div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/romans/13-12.htm">Advanced</a> <a href="/galatians/1-4.htm">Age</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-5.htm">Behalf</a> <a href="/job/11-4.htm">Beliefs</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/7-9.htm">Burning</a> <a href="/luke/16-8.htm">Contemporaries</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-26.htm">Countrymen</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/11-2.htm">Deliverances</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-3.htm">Devotion</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/7-13.htm">Exceedingly</a> <a href="/luke/18-23.htm">Extremely</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-23.htm">Far</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/10-16.htm">Farther</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/12-14.htm">Fathers</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/10-1.htm">Forefathers</a> <a href="/acts/13-36.htm">Generation</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/15-3.htm">Handed</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/8-16.htm">Interest</a> <a href="/galatians/1-13.htm">Jews</a> <a href="/galatians/1-13.htm">Judaism</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/3-16.htm">Nation</a> <a href="/2_samuel/18-23.htm">Outstripped</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/13-3.htm">Profited</a> <a href="/galatians/1-13.htm">Religion</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/11-2.htm">Traditions</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-2.htm">Zealous</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/genesis/18-11.htm">Advanced</a> <a href="/ephesians/1-21.htm">Age</a> <a href="/galatians/2-20.htm">Behalf</a> <a href="/job/11-4.htm">Beliefs</a> <a href="/hebrews/9-4.htm">Burning</a> <a href="/luke/16-8.htm">Contemporaries</a> <a href="/1_thessalonians/2-14.htm">Countrymen</a> <a href="/2_thessalonians/2-15.htm">Deliverances</a> <a href="/2_kings/20-3.htm">Devotion</a> <a href="/ephesians/3-20.htm">Exceedingly</a> <a href="/revelation/16-21.htm">Extremely</a> <a href="/galatians/2-17.htm">Far</a> <a href="/2_timothy/2-16.htm">Farther</a> <a href="/ephesians/6-1.htm">Fathers</a> <a href="/2_timothy/1-3.htm">Forefathers</a> <a href="/ephesians/3-5.htm">Generation</a> <a href="/1_timothy/1-20.htm">Handed</a> <a href="/galatians/4-17.htm">Interest</a> <a href="/galatians/2-7.htm">Jews</a> <a href="/acts/2-11.htm">Judaism</a> <a href="/ephesians/2-12.htm">Nation</a> <a href="/2_samuel/18-23.htm">Outstripped</a> <a href="/hebrews/13-9.htm">Profited</a> <a href="/colossians/2-23.htm">Religion</a> <a href="/colossians/2-8.htm">Traditions</a> <a href="/galatians/2-10.htm">Zealous</a><div class="vheading2">Galatians 1</div>1. <a href="/galatians/1-1.htm">Paul's greeting to the Galatians;</a> 6. <a href="/galatians/1-6.htm">He wonders why they have so soon left him and the gospel;</a> 8. <a href="/galatians/1-8.htm">and accurses those who preach any other gospel than he did.</a> 11. <a href="/galatians/1-11.htm">He learned the gospel not from men, but from God;</a> 14. <a href="/galatians/1-14.htm">and shows what he was before his calling;</a> 17. <a href="/galatians/1-17.htm">and what he did immediately after it.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/galatians/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/galatians/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/galatians/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries Paul, formerly known as Saul, was a Pharisee and a student of Gamaliel, a respected teacher of the law (<a href="/acts/22-3.htm">Acts 22:3</a>). His advancement in Judaism indicates his deep commitment and understanding of Jewish law and traditions. This advancement suggests a rigorous education and a high level of respect within the Jewish community. His contemporaries would have been other young men studying the law, possibly in Jerusalem, the center of Jewish learning. This phrase highlights Paul's former life and dedication to the Jewish faith before his conversion to Christianity, emphasizing his credibility and authority in discussing Jewish law and traditions.and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers Paul's zeal for the traditions of his fathers refers to his fervent adherence to the oral laws and customs passed down through generations, which were highly esteemed in Pharisaic Judaism. This zeal is evident in his initial persecution of Christians, as he believed he was defending the purity of the Jewish faith (<a href="/philippians/3-5.htm">Philippians 3:5-6</a>). The traditions of his fathers include the Mosaic Law and additional oral traditions that Pharisees held in high regard. His zeal can be compared to figures like Phinehas (<a href="/numbers/25-11.htm">Numbers 25:11</a>) and Elijah (<a href="/1_kings/19-10.htm">1 Kings 19:10</a>), who were also known for their fervent defense of God's laws. This phrase underscores the radical transformation in Paul's life, from a zealous defender of Jewish traditions to a passionate apostle of Christ, illustrating the power of the gospel to change hearts and redirect zeal towards the truth of Jesus Christ.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/p/paul.htm">Paul (formerly Saul of Tarsus)</a> The author of the letter to the Galatians, Paul was a former Pharisee who zealously persecuted the early Christian church before his conversion to Christianity. 2. <a href="/topical/j/judaism.htm">Judaism</a> The religious context in which Paul was raised and educated. It encompasses the religious traditions, laws, and cultural practices of the Jewish people. 3. <a href="/topical/c/contemporaries.htm">Contemporaries</a> Refers to Paul's peers within the Jewish religious community, particularly those who were also advancing in religious knowledge and practice. 4. <a href="/topical/t/traditions_of_my_fathers.htm">Traditions of my fathers</a> This phrase refers to the oral and written traditions of Judaism that were passed down through generations, including the Mosaic Law and Pharisaic interpretations. 5. <a href="/topical/z/zeal.htm">Zeal</a> A fervent and passionate commitment to a cause or belief, in this case, Paul's dedication to Jewish traditions before his conversion.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/u/understanding_zeal.htm">Understanding Zeal</a> Zeal can be both positive and negative. It is important to ensure that our zeal is aligned with truth and knowledge, as Paul later realized his was not. <a href="/topical/t/tradition_vs._truth.htm">Tradition vs. Truth</a> While traditions can be valuable, they should not overshadow the truth of the Gospel. Evaluate traditions in light of Scripture. <a href="/topical/t/transformation_through_christ.htm">Transformation through Christ</a> Paul's transformation from a zealous Pharisee to a devoted apostle of Christ demonstrates the power of the Gospel to change lives. <a href="/topical/h/humility_in_spiritual_growth.htm">Humility in Spiritual Growth</a> Recognize that spiritual advancement is not about surpassing others but about growing closer to God and understanding His will. <a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_education.htm">The Role of Education</a> Education and knowledge are important, but they should lead us to a deeper relationship with Christ, not just intellectual superiority.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_galatians_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Galatians 1</a> <a href="/q/who_is_the_author_of_galatians.htm">Who is the author of Galatians?</a> <a href="/q/who_were_england's_nonconformists.htm">Who is the author of Galatians?</a> <a href="/q/paul's_life_events_timeline.htm">What is the timeline of Paul's life events?</a> <a href="/q/who_was_the_gentiles'_apostle.htm">Who was the Gentiles' apostle?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/galatians/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(14) Profited.--Made progress. The kind of progress would correspond to the width of the term "Judaism," with which it is connected, and would imply, not merely proficiency in theological knowledge, but also increase in zeal and strictness of ritualistic observance.My equals.--Strictly, my equals in age. St. Paul is thinking of his contemporaries among the young men who came up, ardent like himself, to study the Law at the feet of Gamaliel or some other eminent Rabbi. He looks back upon them much as some English political or religious leader might look back upon his contemporaries at the university, and might point to his zealous advocacy of a cause that he has long since given over.Traditions.--The "traditions of the elders" mentioned in <a href="/matthew/15-2.htm" title="Why do your disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread.">Matthew 15:2</a>, <a href="/mark/7-3.htm" title="For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.">Mark 7:3</a>, by which the commandment of God "was made of none effect" (<a href="/matthew/15-6.htm" title="And honor not his father or his mother, he shall be free. Thus have you made the commandment of God of none effect by your tradition.">Matthew 15:6</a>); the oral or unwritten law, which had gradually grown up by the side of the Pentateuch, and was afterwards embodied in the Mishnah.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/galatians/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 14. - And profited in the Jews' religion (καὶ προέκοπτον ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαι'σμῷ); and was going forward in Judaism; that is, was going on further and further in Judaism. The Greek verb (προκόπτειν) "to make way," "advance," is found also <a href="/luke/2-52.htm">Luke 2:52</a>; <a href="/romans/13-12.htm">Romans 13:12</a>; <a href="/2_timothy/2-16.htm">2 Timothy 2:16</a>; <a href="/2_timothy/3-9.htm">2 Timothy 3:9, 13</a>. "In Judaism," i.e. in the sentiments and practices of Judaism. The particular kind of Judaism which he has in view was the Pharisean form of Mosaism. A "Pharisee and son of a Pharisee," a high-caste "Hebrew sprung of Hebrews" (<a href="/acts/23-6.htm">Acts 23:6</a>; <a href="/philippians/3-5.htm">Philippians 3:5</a>), Saul had thrown himself upon the study and observance, not only of all the rites and ceremonies prescribed in the written Law, but also of the doctrines, rites, and ceremonies which rabbinical teaching and tradition added thereto; outvying in strictness those who were the strictest; never satisfied without adopting whatever fresh observances the authority of a Pharisean rabbin might commend to his regard. Above many my equals in mine own nation (ὑπὲρ πολλοὺς συνηλικιώτας ἐν τῷ γένει μου)"Above," beyond; the same Greek preposition as in <a href="/acts/26-13.htm">Acts 26:13</a>; <a href="/philemon/1-16.htm">Philemon 1:16, 21</a>; <a href="/hebrews/4-12.htm">Hebrews 4:12</a>. Συνηλικιώτης, synonymous with συνῆλιξ, used in the Septuagint of <a href="/daniel/1-10.htm">Daniel 1:10</a>, is equivalent to ἡλικιώτης or ῆλιξ, the σύν being prefixed merely to make the notion of parity more emphatic. Saul was then "a young man" (<a href="/acts/7-58.htm">Acts 7:58</a>); and the reference which he here makes to "coevals" of his, as sharing in his Judaistic enthusiasm, but outstripped by him therein, seems to point to the rising up at that time of a party, "a young Jewry," as we might nowadays style it. especially espoused by the more youthful "Hebrews," which devoted itself to the revival and consolidation of Pharisean Judaism in its most advanced form. We may cone,lye of them as actuated by antagonism, alike to the Gentilizing spirit of the Herodians; to the rigid bare form of Mosaism cherished by the Sadducees which rejected that development of spiritual doctrine which for many generations had been going on in many pious and thoughtful minds; and finally, and perhaps most specially of all, to the new but rapidly spreading sect of the "Nazarenes." "In my nation." The apostle says "my," as conscious of the presence of the Gentiles to whom he is writing. For the like reason uses the singular possessive pronoun, "my people (τὸ ἔθνος μου) in his address to Felix and in his defense before Agrippa, this king sitting only as an assesor by compliment at the side of the heathen governor. (<a href="/acts/24-17.htm">Acts 24:17</a>; <a href="/acts/26-4.htm">Acts 26:4</a>). Elsewhere also St. Paul uses the word γένος "nation" to denote the Jewish people, whence also he employs the phrase "my kinsmen" συγγένης μου when addressing Gentiles to denote a fellow-Jew in contrast to Gentiles (<a href="/romans/9-3.htm">Romans 9:3, 16</a>:7, 21). In the present passage, "among my countrymen" presupposes is founded on relation to country, whereas γένος denotes a blood connection, comprising Jews of whatever country. Being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers (περισσοτέρως ζηλωτὴς ὑάρχω τῶν πατρικῶν μου παραδόσεων) The strong adverb here used, "more excessively" περισσοτέρως which frequently occurs in St. Paul's ardent style, always retains its proper comparative sense; as e.g. <a href="/2_corinthians/7-15.htm">2 Corinthians 7:15</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/11-23.htm">2 Corinthians 11:23, 12</a>:15. It means, therefore, more excessively than they." The word ζηλωτής rendered "zealous," followed by the genetive "of the traditions," has much the same meaning as in the phrases, "zealous of spirits [or, spiritual gifts];" "zealous of good works;" "zealous of the Law" (<a href="/1_corinthians/14-12.htm">1 Corinthians 14:12</a>; <a href="/titus/2-14.htm">Titus 2:14</a>; <a href="/acts/21-20.htm">Acts 21:20</a>); in all which passages it is rendered in the Authorized Version as here. Its meaning is illustrated by use of the verb from which it is derived in <a href="/1_corinthians/14-1.htm">1 Corinthians 14:1</a>, "Desire earnestly to prophesy;" denoting, as it should seem, "admire and long to possess" "aspire after" (see below, the notes on Galatians 4:17, 18). The clause may be paraphrased, "With more excessive fervency than they, affecting [or, being devoted to] the traditions of my fathers." The only remaining passage in the New Testament in which the Greek word occurs as an adjective in <a href="/acts/22-3.htm">Acts 22:3</a> (ζηλωτὴς τοῦ Θεοῦ), "zealous towards God" (Authorized Version), "zealous for God" (Revised Version); where the sense is probably still that of fervent devotion, but implying also a palliating reference to the intense zeal which the Jews were then showing in vindicating the honour of God against a supposed insult. "Zeal towards" an object implies also a "zeal for it;" in other words, fervent attachment and devotion has also an outward-looking aspect of resentment and resistance against any who are regarded as disposed to assail what we love. And this latter element of thought, the vindicatory, is frequently the more prominent of the two, in the use of the word "zeal" and its derivatives, in the Hellenistical Greek of both the LXX. and the New Testament; while in some cases it is not clear which for the moment is the most in the speaker's mind The latter, no doubt, forms the principal notion of the name "Zealot" as applied in the closing decades of the Jewish commonwealth to a fanatical party, who felt they had a special vocation to vindicate the honour of God and his service by deeds of rancourous violence; to which party probably at one time belonged the Simon who in <a href="/luke/6-15.htm">Luke 6:15</a> is styled "Zelotes," a word no doubt, synonymous with the Chaldeian word "Cananaean" found in <a href="/matthew/10-4.htm">Matthew 10:4</a> and <a href="/mark/3-18.htm">Mark 3:18</a>. In the phrase, "the traditions of my fathers," the apostle has been supposed by some critics to allude to the circumstance that he was "the son of a Pharisee:" thus making it equivalent to "the traditions of my family. But the context shows that he is thinking of traditions observed likewise by those "coevals" of his to whom he refers; the "fathers," therefore, are the forefathers of the nation, equivalent to the "elders," in the phrase current among the Jews, "the tradition of the elders" (<a href="/matthew/15-2.htm">Matthew 15:2</a>)., Comp. <a href="/1_peter/1-18.htm">1 Peter 1:18</a>, "Your vain manner of life πατροπαραδότου handed down from your fathers." In the possessive pronoun "my" the apostle still speaks of himself as a born Jew, in contradiction to Gentiles such as he was addressing. If he had been addressing Jews, he would probably have written "our," or omitted the pronoun altogether, as in <a href="/acts/22-3.htm">Acts 22:3</a>; <a href="/acts/24-14.htm">Acts 24:14</a>; <a href="/acts/28-17.htm">Acts 28:17</a>. There seems to be a tone of mimesis in the phrase: q.d. "The traditions which I proudly and fondly cherished as those of my fathers." The adjective rendered "of the fathers" marks them as those who had transmitted παρέδοσαν those traditions παραδόσεις, not merely those who had possessed them. It has been questioned whether this phrase "paternal traditions" includes those transmitted religious maxims and observances which the Mosaic Law itself prescribed. Probably it does. The "customs which [the Jews said] Moses delivered παρέδωκεν to us" (<a href="/acts/6-14.htm">Acts 6:14</a>). as they appertained to "the fathers." at the same time, the apostle would hardly have written as he here has done, if he had had these alone in his view; he would rather have introduced the venerable name of "the Law." The expression appears chosen as comprehending, together with the prescriptions of the original Law, those transmitted maxims and usages also which are described in the Gospels (cf. <a href="/matthew/5.htm">Matthew 5</a>; <a href="/matthew/15.htm">Matthew 15</a>; <a href="/matthew/23.htm">Matthew 23</a>; <a href="/mark/7.htm">Mark 7</a>.) as things said "by" or "to" them of old time, or as "the traditions of the elders;" the particular instances of such which are specified in the Gospels being only samples taken out of a a very large class (<a href="/mark/7-4.htm">Mark 7:4</a>). Our Lord himself, it is true, made a distinction between these two classes of religions doctrines or observances, rebuking specifically many of the latter class, and discountenancing the whole class in general when enforced on men's consciences as a religious obligation; in contrast with "the Word of God," these, he insisted, were "commandments" or "traditions of men" (<a href="/mark/7-7.htm">Mark 7:7-13</a>). But a Judaist would hardly have been disposed to make the same distinction, Rather, it would be the habit of his mind to blend and confound the two together as forming one entire system of formal religion; regarding those of the latter class simply as explanatory of the former, or as a fitting suppletion required to give to the former due coherency and entireness. He would be disposed to consider that portion of the whole tradition which in reality was of purely human device as invested with the like obligatoriness as that other portion which could truly plead the sanction of Divine authorization. It is plain that this was the case with those Judaists with whom, in the Gospels, our Lord is seen contending. And in all the references which St. Paul makes to Judaism, whether as part of his own former life, or as confronted by him in his apostolic agency, nowhere, either, is he found making any distinction between the two certainly distinguishable elements which composed it. There were, however, different schools of thought in Judaistic traditionalism, some stricter, some more lax. We must, therefore, further define our view of the particular branch of "paternal traditions" which the apostle here refers to by remembering that, as he said in his speech from the stairs (<a href="/acts/22-3.htm">Acts 22:3</a>), he had been "instructed according to the strict manner of the Law of their fathers;" trained, that is, to construe the requirements of the Law as these were interpreted by the strictest of all the schools; as he said before Agrippa, "After the straitest sect of our religion I lived a Pharisee" (<a href="/acts/26-5.htm">Acts 26:5</a>). Here the inquiry presents itself - In what way does the substance of these two verses (13, 14) help to bear out the apostle's statement in ver. 12, that the gospel which he preached was altogether derived from God's own immediate revelation to himself? The whole complexion of the passage shows that the point which the apostle is here concerned to indicate relates to the posture of his own spirit at the time of his first receiving the gospel. The Saul of those days, he says, was animated by the sentiment of bitter hostility to the faith; by a stern resolve - the dictate, as he thought, of conscience - if possible to extirpate the Church. Was it supposable that a mind possessed with such an abhorrence of the Nazarenes was nevertheless accessible to voices and teachings coming to him out of their society? Again, an earnestly religious man according to his lights, Saul's spirit was absorbed by devotion to Judaism - to the eager carrying out in practice, and to the vindication, of those modes of religious life which the revered and fondly cherished traditions of his people recommended to him. Was it credible that he could for a moment have given a favourable hearing to statements, whether of matters of fact or of religious belief, which proceeded from a sect of latitudinarians such as these, whose teacher had notoriously been foremost both in trampling down the fences of Pharisaism in his own practice and in loudly denouncing alike its principles and its representatives? Why, anything which those men could have said would to his view be at once self-condemned because simply of the quarter from which it issued. It may be objected that words which he had heard, we may confidently believe, from the martyr Stephen, who, in the controversy between Judaism and Christianity, may be regarded as in a certain degree Paul's own forerunner, and very supposably from many another confessor of the faith of less enlightenment than St. Stephen, though at the time repelled from his acceptance through his all-absorbing Pharisaism, may nevertheless have deposited in his mind pregnant seeds of thought and instruction afterwards to be fully developed. To this objection it appears a sufficient reply that the gospel of the grace of God to all mankind, untrammelled by any Judaical restriction whatever, which was the gospel entrusted to St. Paul, and which at this present hour of conflict in Galatia he was more specifically concerned to maintain, had at the time of his conversion been as yet most imperfectly disclosed even to the most advanced disciples of the faith. This more perfectly developed form of the gospel it was not possible that he should have heretofore heard from any Christian martyr or from any Christian teacher; for at float time it was still a mystery, not patent as yet to the eyes of even apostles themselves (see <a href="/ephesians/3-1.htm">Ephesians 3:1-7</a>). <a href="/commentaries/galatians/1-14.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>I was advancing προέκοπτον (proekopton) Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4298.htm">Strong's 4298: </a> From pro and kopto; to drive forward, i.e. to advance. in ἐν (en) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1722.htm">Strong's 1722: </a> In, on, among. A primary preposition denoting position, and instrumentality, i.e. A relation of rest; 'in, ' at, on, by, etc. Judaism Ἰουδαϊσμῷ (Ioudaismō) Noun - Dative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2454.htm">Strong's 2454: </a> The Jewish religion, Judaism. From Ioudaizo; 'Judaism', i.e. The Jewish faith and usages. beyond ὑπὲρ (hyper) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_5228.htm">Strong's 5228: </a> Gen: in behalf of; acc: above. many πολλοὺς (pollous) Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_4183.htm">Strong's 4183: </a> Much, many; often. of my contemporaries συνηλικιώτας (synēlikiōtas) Noun - Accusative Masculine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_4915.htm">Strong's 4915: </a> One of the same age. From sun and a derivative of helikia; a co-aged person, i.e. Alike in years. [and] was ὑπάρχων (hyparchōn) Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_5225.htm">Strong's 5225: </a> To begin, am, exist, be in possession. From hupo and archomai; to begin under, i.e. Come into existence; expletively, to exist (verb). extremely περισσοτέρως (perissoterōs) Adverb <a href="/greek/strongs_4057.htm">Strong's 4057: </a> Greatly, exceedingly, abundantly, vehemently. Adverb from perissos; superabundantly. zealous ζηλωτὴς (zēlōtēs) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2207.htm">Strong's 2207: </a> One who is eagerly devoted to a person or a thing, a zealot. From zeloo; a 'zealot'. for the τῶν (tōn) Article - Genitive Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the. traditions παραδόσεων (paradoseōn) Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3862.htm">Strong's 3862: </a> An instruction, tradition. From paradidomi; transmission, i.e. a precept; specially, the Jewish traditionary law. of my μου (mou) Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1473.htm">Strong's 1473: </a> I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I. fathers. πατρικῶν (patrikōn) Adjective - Genitive Feminine Plural <a href="/greek/strongs_3967.htm">Strong's 3967: </a> Ancestral, paternal, belonging to the fathers (ancestors). From pater; paternal, i.e. Ancestral. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/galatians/1-14.htm">Galatians 1:14 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/galatians/1-14.htm">NT Letters: Galatians 1:14 I advanced in the Jews' religion beyond (Gal. Ga) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/galatians/1-13.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Galatians 1:13"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Galatians 1:13" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/galatians/1-15.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Galatians 1:15"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Galatians 1:15" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>