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<span>Attractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Honorary_citizens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honorary_citizens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Honorary citizens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honorary_citizens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Twin towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zones_in_Birgu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zones_in_Birgu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Zones in Birgu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zones_in_Birgu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>General bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Birgu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%88" title="بيرجو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيرجو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Біргу – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Біргу" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Біргу – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Біргу" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il-Birgu_(munisipyo_sa_Malta)" title="Il-Birgu (munisipyo sa Malta) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Il-Birgu (munisipyo sa Malta)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittoriosa" title="Vittoriosa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vittoriosa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittoriosa" title="Vittoriosa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vittoriosa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Μπίργκου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπίργκου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%88" title="بیرگو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیرگو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il-Birgu" title="Il-Birgu – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Il-Birgu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EB%A5%B4%EA%B5%AC" title="비르구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비르구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Բիրգու – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բիրգու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittoriosa" title="Vittoriosa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vittoriosa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95" title="בירגו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בירגו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgus_(Melita)" title="Burgus (Melita) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Burgus (Melita)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Биргу – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Биргу" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81" title="बिर्गु – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बिर्गु" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%88" title="بيرجو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيرجو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B0_(%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BF)" title="ビルグ (マルタ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビルグ (マルタ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Биргу – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Биргу" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Биргу – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Биргу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittoriosa_(Birgu)" title="Vittoriosa (Birgu) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vittoriosa (Birgu)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Биргу – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Биргу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Birgu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Біргу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Біргу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%88" title="بیرگو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیرگو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%A4" title="比爾古 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="比爾古" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%A4" title="比尔古 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="比尔古" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q752346#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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location"><span class="latitude">35°53′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°31′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.88806°N 14.52250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.88806; 14.52250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vittoriosa&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Vittoriosa">Vittoriosa</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Vittoriosa" redirects here. For the coaster, see <a href="/wiki/MV_Vittoriosa" class="mw-redirect" title="MV Vittoriosa">MV Vittoriosa</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and Local council in South Eastern Region, Malta</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Birgu</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="mt">Il-Birgu</div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Città Vittoriosa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City and <a href="/wiki/Local_councils_of_Malta" title="Local councils of Malta">Local council</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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class="tsingle" style="width:101px;max-width:101px"><div style="border:1;;height:65px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg/99px-Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg/149px-Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg/198px-Malta_Maritime_Museum_from_Senglea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3392" data-file-height="2253" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:100px;max-width:100px"><div style="border:1;;height:65px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_(MSTHC)_06_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_%28MSTHC%29_06_ies.jpg/98px-Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_%28MSTHC%29_06_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_%28MSTHC%29_06_ies.jpg/147px-Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_%28MSTHC%29_06_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_%28MSTHC%29_06_ies.jpg/196px-Malta_-_Birgu_-_Ix-Xatt_tal-Birgu%2BCottonera_Marina_%28MSTHC%29_06_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">From top: skyline, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Angelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Saint Angelo">Fort Saint Angelo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Angleterre" title="Auberge d'Angleterre">Auberge d'Angleterre</a>, Advanced Gate, <a href="/wiki/Malta_Maritime_Museum" title="Malta Maritime Museum">Malta Maritime Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence%27s_Church,_Vittoriosa" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lawrence's Church, Vittoriosa">Church of St. Lawrence</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Birgu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Birgu"><img alt="Flag of Birgu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Birgu.svg/100px-Flag_of_Birgu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Birgu.svg/150px-Flag_of_Birgu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Birgu.svg/200px-Flag_of_Birgu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Birgu_coa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Birgu"><img alt="Coat of arms of Birgu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Birgu_coa.svg/64px-Birgu_coa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Birgu_coa.svg/97px-Birgu_coa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Birgu_coa.svg/129px-Birgu_coa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="930" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Malta_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Birgu is located in Malta"><img alt="Birgu is located in Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Malta_relief_location_map.png/250px-Malta_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Malta_relief_location_map.png/375px-Malta_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Malta_relief_location_map.png/500px-Malta_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="719" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:66.928%;left:82.115%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Birgu"><img alt="Birgu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Birgu</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Malta</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Birgu is located in Mediterranean"><img alt="Birgu is located in Mediterranean" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png/250px-Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png/375px-Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png/500px-Relief_Map_of_Mediterranean_Sea.png 2x" data-file-width="1754" data-file-height="862" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.747%;left:43.48%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Birgu"><img alt="Birgu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Birgu</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Mediterranean</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Birgu&params=35_53_17_N_14_31_21_E_type:city_region:MT-03"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°53′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°31′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.88806°N 14.52250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.88806; 14.52250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Malta" title="Regions of Malta">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Region" title="South Eastern Region">South Eastern Region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Malta" title="Districts of Malta">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Malta#Southern_Harbour_District" title="Districts of Malta">Southern Harbour District</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Borders</th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b><a href="/wiki/Cospicua" title="Cospicua">Cospicua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalkara" title="Kalkara">Kalkara</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBabbar" title="Żabbar">Żabbar</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_places_in_Malta" title="List of mayors of places in Malta">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">John Boxall (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">PL</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0.5 km<sup>2</sup> (0.2 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(Jan. 2019)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,489</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">5,000/km<sup>2</sup> (13,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ġirbi (<a href="/wiki/Grammatical_gender" title="Grammatical gender">m</a>), Ġirbija (<a href="/wiki/Grammatical_gender" title="Grammatical gender">f</a>), Ġirbin (<a href="/wiki/Plural" title="Plural">pl</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Malta" title="Postal codes in Malta">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">BRG</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_country_calling_codes" title="List of country calling codes">Dialing code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">356</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">MT-03</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta#Patron_Saints" title="Religion in Malta">Patron saint</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence of Rome">St. Lawrence</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Malta#Traditional_Feasts" title="Public holidays in Malta">Day of festa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10 August</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://birgu.gov.mt/">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Birgu</b> (<a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>: <i lang="mt">Il-Birgu</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="mt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Maltese" title="Help:IPA/Maltese">[ɪlˈbɪrɡʊ]</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Vittoriosa</i>), also known by its title <b>Città Vittoriosa</b> ('Victorious City'), is an old <a href="/wiki/Fortifications_of_Birgu" title="Fortifications of Birgu">fortified</a> city on the south side of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Harbour" title="Grand Harbour">Grand Harbour</a> in the <a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Region" title="South Eastern Region">South Eastern Region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>. The city occupies a promontory of land with <a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Angelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Saint Angelo">Fort Saint Angelo</a> at its head and the city of <a href="/wiki/Cospicua" title="Cospicua">Cospicua</a> at its base. Birgu is ideally situated for safe anchorage, and over time it has developed a very long history with maritime, mercantile and military activities. </p><p>Birgu is a very old locality with its origins in medieval times. Prior to the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a> as capital and main city of Malta, military powers that wanted to rule the Maltese islands would need to obtain control of Birgu due to its significant position in the Grand Harbour. In fact, it served as the base of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Order of Saint John</a> and <i>de facto</i> capital city of Malta from 1530 to 1571. Birgu is well known for its vital role in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Great Siege of Malta</a> of 1565. </p><p>In the early 20th century, Birgu had a population of over 6000 people. Over the years this decreased, and stood at 2,629 in March 2014. The local population speaks the <a href="/wiki/Cottonera_Dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Cottonera Dialect">Cottonera dialect</a>, which is, however, most limited in Birgu.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa,_Malta,_1927.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa%2C_Malta%2C_1927.jpg/220px-Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa%2C_Malta%2C_1927.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa%2C_Malta%2C_1927.jpg/330px-Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa%2C_Malta%2C_1927.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa%2C_Malta%2C_1927.jpg/440px-Feast_of_St_Lawrence_in_Vittoriosa%2C_Malta%2C_1927.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Feast of St Lawrence, 10 August 1927</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg/220px-Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg/330px-Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg/440px-Fort_St_Angelo_in_Birgu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Angelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Saint Angelo">Fort Saint Angelo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Normans, the Angevines, the Aragonese and the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Order of Saint John</a> all contributed to the development of Birgu.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Birgu was part of a town named Birmula. When the order of St John came to Malta they planned to build 3 cities from this land. It started from Senglea, then Vittoriosa and Cospicua. The rest of the land was named Cottonera and it was surrounded with the Cottonera lines. </p><p>In the Middle Ages, the islands' communal organisation in this period pitted the <a href="/wiki/Mdina" title="Mdina">Mdina</a> town-council, or <i>Universitas</i>, against the independent entity centred around the <a href="/wiki/Fort_St_Angelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort St Angelo"><i>Castrum Maris</i></a>. Many inhabitants of Birgu, and the neighbouring villages argued that they were not liable to pay taxes to the Mdina town-council, as they fell within <i>Castrum Maris</i> jurisdiction. For example, this was the case with the inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBejtun" title="Żejtun">Żejtun</a>, who refused to pay the taxes due to the Mdina council in 1473,<sup id="cite_ref-Dalli_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalli-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> even if as late as 1494 they were expected to take refuge in Mdina, rather than Birgu.<sup id="cite_ref-Mdina_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mdina-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After being driven out of Rhodes by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, the Order of Saint John were granted Malta as their new home. In 1526, the Order sent a commission made up of eight knights to Malta, representing each of the <a href="/wiki/Langue_(Knights_Hospitaller)" title="Langue (Knights Hospitaller)">langues</a>. They described Birgu as a small defenceless town with old houses in poor condition.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When they arrived in 1530, they decided to make Birgu the capital city of Malta, since the former capital, <a href="/wiki/Mdina" title="Mdina">Mdina</a>, was inland and did not suit their naval requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city was fortified in the 1530s and strengthened in the 1550s in preparation for an attack by the Ottoman Empire. This included the construction of the Castle of <a href="/wiki/Fort_St_Angelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort St Angelo">St Angelo</a>, a large fortification separated from the city by a narrow channel, instead of the ancient <i>Castrum Maris</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The castle was connected to the city by means of a drawbridge.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Birgu was the site of major battles between the Knights and the Ottoman Empire during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Great Siege of Malta</a> in 1565. After four months of successful defence by the Knights, the city was almost captured by the Ottoman army in August, but was recaptured by the Knights under Grand Master <a href="/wiki/Jean_Parisot_de_Valette" title="Jean Parisot de Valette">Jean Parisot de Valette</a>. Reinforcements from Sicily arrived a month later, and the siege was abandoned by the Ottomans. After this, a new capital city was built on Mount Sceberras, bearing the name <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a>. In 1571, the Knights transferred their convent and seat to the new capital and Birgu lost some of its importance. Despite this, after the siege, Birgu was given the title <i>Città Vittoriosa</i>, Italian for "victorious city".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/French_occupation_of_Malta" title="French occupation of Malta">taking of Malta</a> by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> in 1798, French forces were garrisoned in the city. Soon after the Maltese rebelled and the Grand Harbour area was <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malta_(1798%E2%80%931800)" title="Siege of Malta (1798–1800)">blockaded</a> by Maltese rebels aided by Britain, Portugal and Naples. The French eventually capitulated in September 1800, and Malta became a <a href="/wiki/Malta_Protectorate" title="Malta Protectorate">British protectorate</a>. The Royal Navy's <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Fleet" title="Mediterranean Fleet">Mediterranean Fleet</a> established its base in Birgu, and British forces remained stationed in Birgu until 1979. </p><p>In 1806, Birgu's gunpowder magazine <a href="/wiki/1806_Birgu_polverista_explosion" title="1806 Birgu polverista explosion">exploded</a>, killing over 200 people.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Birgu was heavily bombed during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> due to its proximity to the <a href="/wiki/Malta_Dockyard" title="Malta Dockyard">Malta Dockyard</a>. A number of historic buildings were destroyed, including the <a href="/wiki/Birgu_Clock_Tower" title="Birgu Clock Tower">Birgu Clock Tower</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Allemagne,_Birgu" title="Auberge d'Allemagne, Birgu">Auberge d'Allemagne</a>. </p><p>In recent years, due to an agreement made by the Maltese Government with <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a>, this Catholic Order of Knighthood has returned to the Island. This agreement, which has a duration of 99 years, grants the Knights of Malta the exclusive use of Fort St. Angelo in Birgu.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attractions">Attractions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Attractions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Birgu is the location of several tourist attractions. The historic Vittoriosa Waterfront contains the former Palace of the General of the Galleys and the Order of St John's treasury. The area was refurbished in the early 2000s, and both buildings are used for other activities: the former is now a <a href="/wiki/Casino" title="Casino">casino</a>, while the latter is home to the <a href="/wiki/Malta_Maritime_Museum" title="Malta Maritime Museum">Malta Maritime Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FT_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FT-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second museum, the Vittoriosa 1565 Museum, is also located in the town and is dedicated to the siege and the battle in the town in 1565.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg/230px-San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg/345px-San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg/460px-San-lawrenz-vittoriosa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2125" /></a><figcaption>Collegiate Church of St Lawrence</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence%27s_Church,_Vittoriosa" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lawrence's Church, Vittoriosa">St. Lawrence's Church</a>, one of several churches in the parish, was once the Conventual Church of the Order of St John. It is dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence of Rome">St. Lawrence of Rome</a>, and the feast is very popular among locals for the decorations in the local streets. The celebrations start on 31 July and continue till 10 August, the saint's feast day.<sup id="cite_ref-Restore_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Restore-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other churches in Birgu include the <a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_St._Scholastica" title="Monastery of St. Scholastica">Monastery of St. Scholastica</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Our_Lady_of_Annunciation_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Our Lady of Annunciation Church (page does not exist)">Our Lady of Annunciation Church</a> which is run by the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican Order</a>. This church is also known as St. Dominic's Church. The feast of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Dominic" title="Saint Dominic">Saint Dominic</a> is held every last Sunday of August.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Freedom Monument commemorates the departure of British forces from the island in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Birgu also contains five Auberges of the Knights, including the <a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Angleterre" title="Auberge d'Angleterre">Auberge d'Angleterre</a>, for some time the home of the English Knights of St John on the island, which now contains a public library.<sup id="cite_ref-FT_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FT-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG/220px-Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG/330px-Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG/440px-Birgu_Festival_2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2976" /></a><figcaption>Birgu Festival of Candle Lights</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG/220px-Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG/330px-Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG/440px-Malta_Vittoriosa_BW_2011-10-06_10-23-35.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Grand Harbour Marina</figcaption></figure> <p>At the centre of the Grand Harbour, the 16th-century Fort St Angelo still stands and is currently undergoing restoration.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The central piazza in Birgu was badly damaged by bombing during World War II, but one 19th-century palace thought to have been designed by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bonavia" title="Giuseppe Bonavia">Giuseppe Bonavia</a> survives, and is used as the headquarters of the St Lawrence Band Club.<sup id="cite_ref-Restore_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Restore-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1901, Birgu had a population of 6,093 people. After falling slightly over the following 20 years, this figure had increased to 6,673 in 1931. However, in 1948 the population stood at just 3,816, although it had increased slightly by 1957. The city's population fell in the following four censuses, and in 2005 was recorded as 2,701.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2011 the estimated value had risen slightly to 2,758. In March 2013 the population stood at 2,673,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it was slightly lower in March 2014, when it stood at 2,629.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Birgu's <a href="/wiki/Local_councils_of_Malta" title="Local councils of Malta">local council</a> was established by the Local Councils Act of 1993. The first election was held on 19 February 1994 and John Boxall was elected as mayor. In 1995 Joseph C. Azzopardi took over as mayor but in the 1998 local elections Boxall became the mayor once again. He contested in later elections in 2001, 2004, 2007 and 2012 and has held the office ever since. The present council is made up of the following people:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>John Boxall (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">PL</a>) - mayor</li> <li>Christopher Cassar (PL) - vice-mayor</li> <li>Anthony Gellel (<a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Party_(Malta)" title="Nationalist Party (Malta)">PN</a>)</li> <li>Trevor Mizzi (PL)</li> <li>Jason Portelli (PL)</li></ul> <p>The Birgu Local Council is housed at <a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_France,_Birgu" title="Auberge de France, Birgu">Auberge de France</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The architects and engineers <a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Cassar" title="Girolamo Cassar">Girolamo Cassar</a>, his brother Andrew Cassar, and his son <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Cassar" title="Vittorio Cassar">Vittorio Cassar</a> were all born in Birgu in the sixteenth century. The Cassar family moved to Valletta after the new city was built in the 1570s. </p><p>Architect <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Gaf%C3%A0" title="Lorenzo Gafà">Lorenzo Gafà</a> (1638–1703), who worked on a number of churches in Malta including <a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Cathedral,_Mdina" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul's Cathedral, Mdina">St. Paul's Cathedral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mdina" title="Mdina">Mdina</a>, was born in Birgu.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also designed many of the historic buildings in the Vittoriosa Waterfront area, some of which have recently been restored.<sup id="cite_ref-Restore_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Restore-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Paul_Boffa" title="Paul Boffa">Paul Boffa</a> (1890–1962), the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Prime Minister of Malta</a> between 1947 and 1950 and the country's first <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">Labour Party</a> Prime Minister, was also born in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/St_Monica_Choir#Founder_and_Director" title="St Monica Choir">Sr. Beniamina Portelli</a>, founder and director of the <a href="/wiki/St_Monica_Choir" title="St Monica Choir">St. Monica Choir</a> was born in Birgu.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Prosper_Grech" title="Prosper Grech">Prospero Grech</a> (1925–2019) was an Augustinian friar, who co-founded the Patristic Institute Augustinianum in Rome and was created a cardinal in 2012. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_citizens">Honorary citizens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Honorary citizens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>People awarded the <a href="/wiki/Honorary_citizenship" title="Honorary citizenship">honorary citizenship</a> of Birgu are: </p> <table class="wikitable" width="75%" style="font-size: 85%; border: gray solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: middle;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align: left;background:#B0C4DE">Date </th> <th width="240" style="text-align: left;background:#B0C4DE">Name </th> <th style="text-align: left;background:#B0C4DE">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>27 April 2003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bertie" title="Andrew Bertie">Andrew Bertie</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princes_and_Grand_Masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller">78th Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller</a> 1988-2008.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 April 2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Festing" title="Matthew Festing">Matthew Festing</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princes_and_Grand_Masters_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller">79th Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller</a> 2008-2017.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns">Twin towns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Twin towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Birgu is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint-Tropez" title="Saint-Tropez">Saint-Tropez</a>, France<sup id="cite_ref-St_Tropez_twinnings_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-St_Tropez_twinnings-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_fiction">In fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Dunnett" title="Dorothy Dunnett">Dorothy Dunnett's</a> novel <i>The Disorderly Knights</i>, the third volume of her <a href="/wiki/Lymond_Chronicles" title="Lymond Chronicles">Lymond Chronicles</a> series, covers the events in Birgu in 1551 around the events of the Dragut Raid.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zones_in_Birgu">Zones in Birgu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Zones in Birgu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bighi Sally Port</li> <li>Couvre Porte</li> <li>It-Toqba tal-Birgu</li> <li>Post is-Sagra Infirmerija</li> <li>Xatt Tal-Birgu</li> <li>Xatt il-Forn</li> <li>Xatt ir-Risq</li> <li>Xatt iż-Żejt</li> <li>Xatt Sant' Anġlu</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSciriha1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sciriha, Lydia (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/97092"><i>Id-djalett tal-Kottonera : analizi socjolingwistika</i></a> (in Maltese). Daritama Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-99909-68-26-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-99909-68-26-2"><bdi>978-99909-68-26-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Id-djalett+tal-Kottonera+%3A+analizi+socjolingwistika&rft.pub=Daritama+Publications&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-99909-68-26-2&rft.aulast=Sciriha&rft.aufirst=Lydia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.um.edu.mt%2Flibrary%2Foar%2Fhandle%2F123456789%2F97092&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gauci,G. Birgu: History and Traditions of a Medieval and Maritime City</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dalli-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dalli_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDalli1993">Dalli 1993</a>, pp. 1–12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mdina-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mdina_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMdina_Cathedral_Archives1494">Mdina Cathedral Archives 1494</a>, p. Ms. 34, f.110 v.(1494)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZahra2007" class="citation news cs1">Zahra, Lorenzo A. (10 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2007-01-10/news/the-auberges-of-france-in-birgu-167442/">"The Auberges of France in Birgu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Malta_Independent" title="The Malta Independent">The Malta Independent</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Malta+Independent&rft.atitle=The+Auberges+of+France+in+Birgu&rft.date=2007-01-10&rft.aulast=Zahra&rft.aufirst=Lorenzo+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.com.mt%2Farticles%2F2007-01-10%2Fnews%2Fthe-auberges-of-france-in-birgu-167442%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStille1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stille" title="Alexander Stille">Stille, Alexander</a> (1 March 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/01/magazine/malta-emerges-from-the-waves-of-time.html?pagewanted=4&src=pm">"Malta, Emerges From the Waves of Time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Malta%2C+Emerges+From+the+Waves+of+Time&rft.date=1992-03-01&rft.aulast=Stille&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F03%2F01%2Fmagazine%2Fmalta-emerges-from-the-waves-of-time.html%3Fpagewanted%3D4%26src%3Dpm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1850" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Montgomery_Martin" title="Robert Montgomery Martin">Martin, Robert Montgomery</a> (1850). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e7INAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA117"><i>The British colonies: their history, extent, condition and resources</i></a>. London Printing and Publishing Company. p. 117.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+British+colonies%3A+their+history%2C+extent%2C+condition+and+resources&rft.pages=117&rft.pub=London+Printing+and+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1850&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Robert+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De7INAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGifford1817" class="citation book cs1">Gifford, C. H. (1817). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofwarsocc01giffuoft"><i>History of the wars occasioned by the French Revolution, from the commencement of hostilities in 1792, to the end of 1816</i></a>. W. Lewis. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofwarsocc01giffuoft/page/164">164</a>. <q>vittoriosa.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+wars+occasioned+by+the+French+Revolution%2C+from+the+commencement+of+hostilities+in+1792%2C+to+the+end+of+1816&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=W.+Lewis&rft.date=1817&rft.aulast=Gifford&rft.aufirst=C.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofwarsocc01giffuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170222050937/http://maltaramc.com/regsurg/rs1800_1809/rmo1806.html">"Explosion Polverista Vittoriosa"</a>. <i>Medical Officers of the Malta Garrison</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maltaramc.com/regsurg/rs1800_1809/rmo1806.html">the original</a> on 22 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medical+Officers+of+the+Malta+Garrison&rft.atitle=Explosion+Polverista+Vittoriosa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maltaramc.com%2Fregsurg%2Frs1800_1809%2Frmo1806.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100807093745/http://www.orderofmalta.org/the-order-and-its-institutions/225/mission/?lang=en">"Sovereign Order of Malta - Official Site-The Order and its Institutions-Mission"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orderofmalta.org/the-order-and-its-institutions/225/mission/?lang=en">the original</a> on 7 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sovereign+Order+of+Malta+-+Official+Site-The+Order+and+its+Institutions-Mission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orderofmalta.org%2Fthe-order-and-its-institutions%2F225%2Fmission%2F%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FT-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FT_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FT_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrima2007" class="citation news cs1">Grima, Godfrey (3 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150507053054/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/e8f6f77c-c92d-11db-9f7b-000b5df10621.html%23axzz1RFYCxqgH">"Three times the value"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/e8f6f77c-c92d-11db-9f7b-000b5df10621.html#axzz1RFYCxqgH">the original</a> on 7 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Three+times+the+value&rft.date=2007-03-03&rft.aulast=Grima&rft.aufirst=Godfrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2Fe8f6f77c-c92d-11db-9f7b-000b5df10621.html%23axzz1RFYCxqgH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorowskiStrüber2008" class="citation book cs1">Borowski, Birgit; Strüber, Reinhard (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FmSF1CLkV74C&q=%22vittoriosa+1565+museum%22&pg=PA239"><i>Malta, Gozo, Comino</i></a>. Mairdumont. p. 239. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8297-1112-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8297-1112-8"><bdi>978-3-8297-1112-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malta%2C+Gozo%2C+Comino&rft.pages=239&rft.pub=Mairdumont&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-3-8297-1112-8&rft.aulast=Borowski&rft.aufirst=Birgit&rft.au=Str%C3%BCber%2C+Reinhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFmSF1CLkV74C%26q%3D%2522vittoriosa%2B1565%2Bmuseum%2522%26pg%3DPA239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Restore-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Restore_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Restore_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Restore_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBugeja2011" class="citation news cs1">Bugeja, Lino (12 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20110612/life-features/A-proposal-to-regenerate-Vittoriosa-s-historic-square.370235">"A proposal to regenerate Vittoriosa's historic square"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Malta">The Times of Malta</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=A+proposal+to+regenerate+Vittoriosa%27s+historic+square&rft.date=2011-06-12&rft.aulast=Bugeja&rft.aufirst=Lino&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20110612%2Flife-features%2FA-proposal-to-regenerate-Vittoriosa-s-historic-square.370235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120710151815/http://maltadiocese.org/lang/en/parishes/vittoriosa/">"Vittoriosa (Il-Birgu)"</a>. <i>The Church in Malta</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maltadiocese.org/lang/en/parishes/vittoriosa/">the original</a> on 10 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+in+Malta&rft.atitle=Vittoriosa+%28Il-Birgu%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaltadiocese.org%2Flang%2Fen%2Fparishes%2Fvittoriosa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTesta2008" class="citation news cs1">Testa, Michael (1 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20080401/local/freedom-day-ceremony-marked-by-anti-pfp-protest.202336">"Freedom Day ceremony marked by anti-PfP protest"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Malta">The Times of Malta</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Freedom+Day+ceremony+marked+by+anti-PfP+protest&rft.date=2008-04-01&rft.aulast=Testa&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20080401%2Flocal%2Ffreedom-day-ceremony-marked-by-anti-pfp-protest.202336&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallace" class="citation book cs1">Wallace, RMM. <i>International Law, 2nd edition, London 1992</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nso.gov.mt/docs/Census2005_Vol1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+of+population+and+housing+2005&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=Malta+National+Statistics+Office&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nso.gov.mt%2Fdocs%2FCensus2005_Vol1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714184236/http://www.lc.gov.mt/mediacenter/PDFs/1_Population%2031-3-13.pdf">"Estimated Population by Locality"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Malta Government Gazette</i>. 31 March 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lc.gov.mt/mediacenter/PDFs/1_Population%2031-3-13.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malta+Government+Gazette&rft.atitle=Estimated+Population+by+Locality&rft.date=2013-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lc.gov.mt%2Fmediacenter%2FPDFs%2F1_Population%252031-3-13.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150621211549/https://secure2.gov.mt/localgovernment/file.aspx?f=7810">"Estimated Population by Locality 31st March, 2014"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Malta" title="Government of Malta">Government of Malta</a>. 16 May 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secure2.gov.mt/localgovernment/file.aspx?f=7810">the original</a> on 21 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estimated+Population+by+Locality+31st+March%2C+2014&rft.pub=Government+of+Malta&rft.date=2014-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure2.gov.mt%2Flocalgovernment%2Ffile.aspx%3Ff%3D7810&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://birgu.gov.mt/category/public-page/council-profile/present-council">Present Council</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140621182721/http://birgu.gov.mt/category/public-page/council-profile/present-council">Archived</a> 21 June 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Birgu Local Council. Retrieved 10 June 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://schoolnet.gov.mt/lorenzogafa/l.gafa.htm">Lorenzo Gafa</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723211224/http://schoolnet.gov.mt/lorenzogafa/l.gafa.htm">Archived</a> 23 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>schoolnet.gov.mt</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassa2004" class="citation news cs1">Massa, Ariadne (24 March 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20040324/local/gonzi-maltas-second-youngest-pm.126952">"Gonzi Malta's second youngest PM"</a>. <i>The Times of Malta</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Gonzi+Malta%27s+second+youngest+PM&rft.date=2004-03-24&rft.aulast=Massa&rft.aufirst=Ariadne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20040324%2Flocal%2Fgonzi-maltas-second-youngest-pm.126952&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vittoriosahistorica.org/news-2008-05.html">"Vittoriosa HCS - news"</a>. <i>www.vittoriosahistorica.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vittoriosahistorica.org&rft.atitle=Vittoriosa+HCS+-+news&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vittoriosahistorica.org%2Fnews-2008-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180901113145/http://birgu.gov.mt/node/25">"Knights' Grand Master made honorary citizen of Birgu"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://birgu.gov.mt/node/25">the original</a> on 1 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Knights%27+Grand+Master+made+honorary+citizen+of+Birgu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbirgu.gov.mt%2Fnode%2F25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/51831/knights_of_malta_grand_master_in_official_state_visit_to_malta_tomorrow#.W4nxUrgnaUk">"Knights of Malta Grand Master in official state visit to Malta tomorrow"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Knights+of+Malta+Grand+Master+in+official+state+visit+to+Malta+tomorrow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maltatoday.com.mt%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F51831%2Fknights_of_malta_grand_master_in_official_state_visit_to_malta_tomorrow%23.W4nxUrgnaUk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180901080523/https://www.gov.mt/en/government/press%20releases/press%20photos/pages/2015/april/17/smom1704.aspx">"State visit by H.M.E.H. Fra' Matthew Festing Prince and Grand Master Of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order"</a>. <i>gov.mt</i>. 17 April 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.mt/en/government/press%20releases/press%20photos/pages/2015/april/17/smom1704.aspx">the original</a> on 1 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gov.mt&rft.atitle=State+visit+by+H.M.E.H.+Fra%27+Matthew+Festing+Prince+and+Grand+Master+Of+the+Sovereign+Military+Hospitaller+Order&rft.date=2015-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.mt%2Fen%2Fgovernment%2Fpress%2520releases%2Fpress%2520photos%2Fpages%2F2015%2Fapril%2F17%2Fsmom1704.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-St_Tropez_twinnings-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-St_Tropez_twinnings_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20121030/local/Vittoriosa-twins-with-St-Tropez.443224">"Vittoriosa twins with St Tropez"</a>. <i>The Times of Malta</i>. TimesofMalta.com. 30 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Vittoriosa+twins+with+St+Tropez&rft.date=2012-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20121030%2Flocal%2FVittoriosa-twins-with-St-Tropez.443224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ambafrance-mt.org/Jumelage-entre-Vittoriosa-et-Saint">Jumelage entre Vittoriosa et Saint Tropez</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105163340/http://www.ambafrance-mt.org/Jumelage-entre-Vittoriosa-et-Saint">Archived</a> 5 November 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20051016/local/the-dunnett-siege-of-malta.75109">"The 'Dunnett Siege of Malta'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="The Times of Malta">The Times of Malta</a></i>. 16 October 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=The+%27Dunnett+Siege+of+Malta%27&rft.date=2005-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20051016%2Flocal%2Fthe-dunnett-siege-of-malta.75109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_bibliography">General bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: General bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalli1993" class="citation book cs1">Dalli, Charles (1993). "Medieval Communal Organization in an Insular Context: Approaching the Maltese <i>Universitas</i>". In Manduca, John (ed.). <i>The Making and Unmaking of the Maltese Universitas</i>. A Supplement of Heritage. Malta: Midsea Publications. pp. 1–12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Medieval+Communal+Organization+in+an+Insular+Context%3A+Approaching+the+Maltese+Universitas&rft.btitle=The+Making+and+Unmaking+of+the+Maltese+Universitas&rft.place=Malta&rft.series=A+Supplement+of+Heritage&rft.pages=1-12&rft.pub=Midsea+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Dalli&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMdina_Cathedral_Archives1494" class="citation book cs1">Mdina Cathedral Archives (1494). <i>Cathedral Archives</i>. Malta. p. Ms. 34, f.110 v.(1494).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cathedral+Archives&rft.place=Malta&rft.pages=Ms.+34%2C+f.110+v.%281494%29&rft.date=1494&rft.au=Mdina+Cathedral+Archives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirgu" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgu&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Birgu" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Birgu">Birgu</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birgu.gov.mt/">Birgu Local Council</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.birgu-fest.com/">Birgu Fest</a></li></ul> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200411124902/http://birgu.gov.mt/">Archived</a> 11 April 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070510223657/http://www.stdominic-vittoriosa.com/">St. Dominic Feast in Birgu</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Birgu&#124;link=Birgu_Birgu" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Birgu" title="Template:Birgu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Birgu" title="Template talk:Birgu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Birgu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Birgu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Birgu&#124;link=Birgu_Birgu" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Birgu" title="Birgu"><img alt="Birgu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Birgu.svg/23px-Flag_of_Birgu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Birgu.svg/35px-Flag_of_Birgu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_Birgu.svg/45px-Flag_of_Birgu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birgu</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Gozo_(1551)#Malta" title="Invasion of Gozo (1551)">Attack of 1551</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Great Siege of Malta</a> (1565)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1806_Birgu_polverista_explosion" title="1806 Birgu polverista explosion">1806 Birgu polverista explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Cities" title="Three Cities">Three Cities</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Birgu_coa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Birgu"><img alt="Coat of arms of Birgu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Birgu_coa.svg/60px-Birgu_coa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Birgu_coa.svg/90px-Birgu_coa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Birgu_coa.svg/120px-Birgu_coa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="930" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Birgu</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Fortifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortifications_of_Birgu" title="Fortifications of Birgu">Fortifications of Birgu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cottonera_Lines" title="Cottonera Lines">Cottonera Lines</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Fort_St._Angelo" title="Fort St. Angelo">Fort St. Angelo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_San_Salvatore" title="Fort San Salvatore">Fort San Salvatore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Gate" title="Notre Dame Gate">Notre Dame Gate</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Church_of_Saint_Lawrence,_Vittoriosa" title="Collegiate Church of Saint Lawrence, Vittoriosa">Collegiate Church of Saint Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Our_Lady_of_Damascus,_Birgu" title="Chapel of Our Lady of Damascus, Birgu">Chapel of Our Lady of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_the_Madonna_of_Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of the Madonna of Montserrat (page does not exist)">Church of the Madonna of Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_the_Madonna_of_the_Guardian_Angels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of the Madonna of the Guardian Angels (page does not exist)">Church of the Madonna of the Guardian Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_the_Annunciation,_Birgu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of the Annunciation, Birgu (page does not exist)">Church of the Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_St_Anne,_Fort_St_Angelo" title="Chapel of St Anne, Fort St Angelo">Chapel of St Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Mary%27s_Nativity_within_the_Fort" title="Church of Mary's Nativity within the Fort">Chapel of the Nativity of Mary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inquisitor%27s_Palace" title="Inquisitor's Palace">Inquisitor's Palace</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Allemagne,_Birgu" title="Auberge d'Allemagne, Birgu">Auberge d'Allemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Angleterre" title="Auberge d'Angleterre">Auberge d'Angleterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Aragon,_Birgu" title="Auberge d'Aragon, Birgu">Auberge d'Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Auvergne_et_Provence" title="Auberge d'Auvergne et Provence">Auberge d'Auvergne et Provence</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Italie,_Birgu" title="Auberge d'Italie, Birgu">Auberge d'Italie</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_Castille_et_Portugal" title="Auberge de Castille et Portugal">Auberge de Castille et Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_France,_Birgu" title="Auberge de France, Birgu">Auberge de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Palace,_Birgu" title="Bishop's Palace, Birgu">Bishop's Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Maritime_Museum" title="Malta Maritime Museum">Malta Maritime Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_at_War_Museum" title="Malta at War Museum">Malta at War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisitor%27s_Palace" title="Inquisitor's Palace">Inquisitor's Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_in_Birgu" title="List of monuments in Birgu">List of monuments in Birgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Harbour" title="Grand Harbour">Grand Harbour</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Birgu_Clock_Tower" title="Birgu Clock Tower">Birgu Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Dockyard" title="Malta Dockyard">Malta Dockyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Edward%27s_College,_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Edward's College, Malta">St. Edward's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_St._Scholastica" title="Monastery of St. Scholastica">Monastery of St. Scholastica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vittoriosa_Stars_F.C." title="Vittoriosa Stars F.C.">Vittoriosa Stars F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortini_Ground" title="Fortini Ground">Fortini Ground</a> (stadium)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Category:Birgu" title="Category:Birgu">Main category</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Local_councils_and_administrative_committees_of_Malta_and_Gozo" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Local_councils_of_Malta_and_Gozo" title="Template:Local councils of Malta and Gozo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Local_councils_of_Malta_and_Gozo" title="Template talk:Local councils of Malta and Gozo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Local_councils_of_Malta_and_Gozo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Local councils of Malta and Gozo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Local_councils_and_administrative_committees_of_Malta_and_Gozo" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Local_councils_of_Malta" title="Local councils of Malta">Local councils</a> and <a href="/wiki/Local_councils_of_Malta#List_of_Maltese_local_communities_councils" title="Local councils of Malta">administrative committees</a> of <a href="/wiki/Malta_(island)" title="Malta (island)">Malta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gozo" title="Gozo">Gozo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malta_(island)" title="Malta (island)">Malta</a><br /><small>Local councils</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attard" title="Attard">Attard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balzan" title="Balzan">Balzan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkirkara" title="Birkirkara">Birkirkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir%C5%BCebbu%C4%A1a" title="Birżebbuġa">Birżebbuġa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cospicua" title="Cospicua">Cospicua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingli" title="Dingli">Dingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fgura" title="Fgura">Fgura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floriana" title="Floriana">Floriana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7arg%C4%A7ur" title="Għargħur">Għargħur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7axaq" title="Għaxaq">Għaxaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudja" title="Gudja">Gudja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C5%BCira" title="Gżira">Gżira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamrun" title="Hamrun">Ħamrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iklin" title="Iklin">Iklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalkara" title="Kalkara">Kalkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkop" title="Kirkop">Kirkop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lija" title="Lija">Lija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luqa" title="Luqa">Luqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsa,_Malta" title="Marsa, Malta">Marsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsaskala" title="Marsaskala">Marsaskala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsaxlokk" title="Marsaxlokk">Marsaxlokk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mdina" title="Mdina">Mdina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellie%C4%A7a" title="Mellieħa">Mellieħa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%A1arr" title="Mġarr">Mġarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosta" title="Mosta">Mosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mqabba" title="Mqabba">Mqabba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msida" title="Msida">Msida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtarfa" title="Mtarfa">Mtarfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxxar" title="Naxxar">Naxxar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paola,_Malta" title="Paola, Malta">Paola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke,_Malta" title="Pembroke, Malta">Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0,_Malta" title="Pietà, Malta">Pietà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qormi" title="Qormi">Qormi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il-Qrendi" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-Qrendi">Qrendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabat,_Malta" title="Rabat, Malta">Rabat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safi,_Malta" title="Safi, Malta">Safi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_%C4%A0wann" title="San Ġwann">San Ġwann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Lu%C4%8Bija" title="Santa Luċija">Santa Luċija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Venera" title="Santa Venera">Santa Venera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senglea" title="Senglea">Senglea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si%C4%A1%C4%A1iewi" title="Siġġiewi">Siġġiewi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliema" title="Sliema">Sliema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Julian%27s,_Malta" title="St. Julian's, Malta">St. Julian's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Bay" title="St. Paul's Bay">St. Paul's Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swieqi" title="Swieqi">Swieqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27_Xbiex" title="Ta' Xbiex">Ta' Xbiex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarxien" title="Tarxien">Tarxien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xg%C4%A7ajra" title="Xgħajra">Xgħajra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBabbar" title="Żabbar">Żabbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBebbu%C4%A1" title="Żebbuġ">Żebbuġ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBejtun" title="Żejtun">Żejtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBurrieq" title="Żurrieq">Żurrieq</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Malta.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/50px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/75px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/100px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malta_(island)" title="Malta (island)">Malta</a><br /><small>Hamlets</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%A7ar_i%C4%8B-%C4%8Aag%C4%A7aq" title="Baħar iċ-Ċagħaq">Baħar iċ-Ċagħaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%A7rija" title="Baħrija">Baħrija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubaqra" title="Bubaqra">Bubaqra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmarrad" title="Burmarrad">Burmarrad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wardija" title="Wardija">Wardija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-Lys,_Malta" title="Fleur-de-Lys, Malta">Fleur-de-Lys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwardaman%C4%A1a" title="Gwardamanġa">Gwardamanġa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%A6al_Farru%C4%A1" title="Ħal Farruġ">Ħal Farruġ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappara" title="Kappara">Kappara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madliena" title="Madliena">Madliena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paceville" title="Paceville">Paceville</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Pietru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Pietru (page does not exist)">San Pietru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swatar" title="Swatar">Swatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tal-Virt%C3%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tal-Virtù (page does not exist)">Tal-Virtù</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gozo" title="Gozo">Gozo</a><br /><small>Local councils</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fontana,_Gozo" title="Fontana, Gozo">Fontana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnsielem" title="Għajnsielem">Għajnsielem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7arb" title="Għarb">Għarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7asri" title="Għasri">Għasri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ker%C4%8Bem" title="Kerċem">Kerċem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munxar" title="Munxar">Munxar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadur" title="Nadur">Nadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qala,_Malta" title="Qala, Malta">Qala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Malta" title="Victoria, Malta">Rabat (Victoria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lawrenz" title="San Lawrenz">San Lawrenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannat" title="Sannat">Sannat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xag%C4%A7ra" title="Xagħra">Xagħra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xewkija" title="Xewkija">Xewkija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBebbu%C4%A1,_Gozo" title="Żebbuġ, Gozo">Żebbuġ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gozo" title="Gozo">Gozo</a><br /><small>Hamlets</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsalforn" title="Marsalforn">Marsalforn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Lu%C4%8Bija,_Gozo" title="Santa Luċija, Gozo">Santa Luċija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xlendi" title="Xlendi">Xlendi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752346#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/146739096">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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