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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Performance_and_handling_problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performance_and_handling_problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Performance and handling problems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performance_and_handling_problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cessna_177A" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cessna_177A"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Cessna 177A</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cessna_177A-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cessna_177B" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cessna_177B"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Cessna 177B</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cessna_177B-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cessna_177RG" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cessna_177RG"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Cessna 177RG</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cessna_177RG-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cessna_1023" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cessna_1023"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Cessna 1023</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cessna_1023-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Notable accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(Cessna_177B)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(Cessna_177B)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Specifications (Cessna 177B)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifications_(Cessna_177B)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177_Cardinal" title="Cessna 177 Cardinal – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cessna 177 Cardinal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177" title="Cessna 177 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cessna 177" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177" title="Cessna 177 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cessna 177" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7_%DB%B1%DB%B7%DB%B7_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84" title="سسنا ۱۷۷ کاردینال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سسنا ۱۷۷ کاردینال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177" title="Cessna 177 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cessna 177" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177_Cardinal" title="Cessna 177 Cardinal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cessna 177 Cardinal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177" title="Cessna 177 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cessna 177" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177_Cardinal" title="Cessna 177 Cardinal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cessna 177 Cardinal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cessna_177" title="Cessna 177 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cessna 177" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Cessna 177 Cardinal</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg/300px-Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg/450px-Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg/600px-Cessna177BCardinal05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">Cessna 177B Cardinal</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Light utility aircraft</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cessna" title="Cessna">Cessna Aircraft Company</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">4,295</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufactured</th><td class="infobox-data">1968–1978</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1968</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">July 15, 1966</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cessna 177 Cardinal</b> is a light single-engine, high-wing <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a> <a href="/wiki/Aircraft" title="Aircraft">aircraft</a> produced by <a href="/wiki/Cessna" title="Cessna">Cessna</a>. It was intended to replace the <a href="/wiki/Cessna_172_Skyhawk" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessna 172 Skyhawk">Cessna 172 Skyhawk</a>. First announced in 1967, it was produced from 1968 to 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cessna 177 (originally Model 341)<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was designed in the mid-1960s when the engineers at Cessna were asked to create a "futuristic 1970s successor to the <a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">Cessna 172</a>". The resulting aircraft featured newer technology such as a <a href="/wiki/Cantilever" title="Cantilever">cantilever</a> wing lacking the <a href="/wiki/Lift_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Lift strut">lift struts</a> of previous models, and a new <a href="/wiki/Laminar_flow_airfoil" class="mw-redirect" title="Laminar flow airfoil">laminar flow airfoil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 177 is the only production high-wing single-engined Cessna since the <a href="/wiki/Cessna_195" title="Cessna 195">Cessna 190 & 195</a> series to have both fixed landing gear and a cantilever wing without strut bracing.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna177BCardinal02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/aa/Cessna177BCardinal02.jpg/220px-Cessna177BCardinal02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/aa/Cessna177BCardinal02.jpg/330px-Cessna177BCardinal02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/aa/Cessna177BCardinal02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="247" /></a><figcaption>Cardinal logo seen on many 177s and 177RGs</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1968 model 177 was introduced in late 1967 with a 150 hp (112 kW) engine.<sup id="cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A deluxe model known as the "Cardinal" was also introduced that year with many otherwise optional interior/avionics upgrades installed as standard.<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the design goals of this 172 replacement was to allow the pilot an unobstructed view when making a turn. In the 172 the pilot sits under the wing and when the wing is lowered to begin a turn that wing blocks the pilot's view of where the turn will lead to. The engineers resolved this problem by placing the pilot forward of the wing's leading edge, but that led to a too-far-forward center of gravity.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This problem was partially counteracted by the decision to use the significantly lighter <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_O-320" title="Lycoming O-320">Lycoming O-320</a> four-cylinder engine in place of the six-cylinder O-300 Continental used on the 172. The forward CG situation still existed even with the lighter engine, so a <a href="/wiki/Stabilator" title="Stabilator">stabilator</a> was chosen, to provide sufficient elevator control authority at low airspeeds.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 177 design was intended to be a replacement for the 172, which was to be discontinued after introduction of the new aircraft. The new design was originally to be called the 172J (to follow the 1968 model 172I). However, as the time came to make the transition, there was considerable resistance to the replacement of the 172 from the company's Marketing Division. The 1969 172 jumped to the designator 172K—there is no 172J.<sup id="cite_ref-CPA177_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPA177-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CPA172_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPA172-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 177 offers much better upward visibility than a 172 because of its steeply raked windshield and more aft-mounted wing. The absence of an obstructing wing support strut also makes the aircraft an excellent platform for aerial photography.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performance_and_handling_problems">Performance and handling problems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Performance and handling problems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Soon after delivery of the first Cardinals to customers there were reported incidents of <a href="/wiki/Pilot-induced_oscillation" title="Pilot-induced oscillation">pilot-induced oscillation</a> (PIO) that alarmed Cessna enough that the factory initiated a priority program to eliminate the problem. Reviewer Joe Christy explains: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We liked that airplane, and found almost nothing to pick at. However, owners soon discovered to their horror that it didn't fly or land exactly like a strutless Skyhawk, and some heavy-handed Super-Car drivers managed to smash the Cardinal tail into the pavement on landing, knock-off a few nose-wheels, etc. (apparently, this was possible if one closed his eyes, used full back-pressure on the wheel at the flare and then sat rigidly waiting for the crashing noises to subside). Cessna accepted the blame gracefully. That was proper because, after all, they had lulled a generation of Cessna pilots into near-effortless flying with the extremely forgiving 172 series, and it probably wasn't ethical to suddenly offer, to many of those same customers, a Cessna that didn't handle exactly like a Cessna. The company therefore picked up the tab for a list of modifications that gentled the Cardinal and returned the smiles to the faces of dealers and customers.<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <p>The solution, which was provided at no cost to all aircraft already delivered, was known as Operation "Cardinal Rule" and included a series of 23 inspection, installation, and modification instructions. This Service Letter, SE68-14, consisted of modifying the stabilator to install slots just behind the leading edge (to delay the onset of stabilator stall) and installing full counterbalance (11 pounds versus the original 7 pounds) on the stabilator to eliminate the PIO problem.<sup id="cite_ref-AOPA_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AOPA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg/220px-Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg/330px-Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg/440px-Cessna177C-FQEK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>An original 1968 model fixed pitch 150 hp Cessna 177 Cardinal</figcaption></figure> <p>The 177, with its 150 hp (112 kW) powerplant, was considered "underpowered", even though it had more power than the 145 hp (108 kW) Cessna 172.<sup id="cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cessna_177A">Cessna 177A</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cessna 177A"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recognizing that the aircraft was underpowered, Cessna introduced the 177A in 1969. The revision featured a 180 hp (135 kW) four-cylinder <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_O-360" title="Lycoming O-360">Lycoming O-360</a>, moving the design's price and role somewhere between that of the 172 and <a href="/wiki/Cessna_182" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessna 182">182</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The additional power improved cruise speed by 11 knots (20 km/h).<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-anet_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anet-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg/220px-Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg/330px-Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg/440px-Cessna177BCardinal01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>Cessna 177B Cardinal</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cessna_177B">Cessna 177B</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cessna 177B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1970 saw the introduction of the 177B, which had a new wing <a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">airfoil</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Constant-speed_propeller" class="mw-redirect" title="Constant-speed propeller">constant-speed propeller</a>, and other minor improvements. When empty, the 177B weighed 145 lb (66 kg) more than the earlier 177, with its maximum takeoff weight increased from 2,350 lb (1,067 kg) to 2,500 lb (1,135 kg).<sup id="cite_ref-Christy_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-anet_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anet-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1978, Cessna built a deluxe version of the 177B, the <b>Cardinal Classic</b>, with leather upholstery, a table for the rear passengers, and a 28-Volt electrical system.<sup id="cite_ref-CardinalFlyersOnLine_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CardinalFlyersOnLine-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg/220px-Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg/330px-Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg/440px-Cessna177RGCardinalRG01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>Cessna 177RG Cardinal</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cessna_177RG">Cessna 177RG</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cessna 177RG"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The final aircraft in the 177 line was the <a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">retractable-gear</a> 177RG Cardinal RG (originally Model 1008),<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which Cessna began producing in 1970. Both the nose-wheel and main wheels retract rearwards, with the nose-wheel enclosed by doors when retracted.<sup id="cite_ref-jawa71p275_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jawa71p275-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To offset the 145 lb (66 kg) increase in empty weight, much of which was from the electrically powered <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic">hydraulic</a> gear mechanism, the 177RG had a 200 hp (149 kW) <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_O-360" title="Lycoming O-360">Lycoming IO-360</a> engine.<sup id="cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This also allowed increase of the maximum weight by 300 lbs.<sup id="cite_ref-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The additional power and cleaner lines of the 177RG resulted in a cruise speed of 148 kn (274 km/h),<sup id="cite_ref-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 22 kn (41 km/h) faster than the 177B. 1,543 177RGs were delivered between the US and Reims, Cessna's licensed partner in France. The <b>Cardinal RG II</b> was introduced in 1975 with a preferred options package. Those built in France by Reims were referred to as the <b>Reims F177RG</b> (originally Model F1008).<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-anet_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anet-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cessna_1023">Cessna 1023</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cessna 1023"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1971, Cessna experimented with a "Quiet Cardinal" similar to the <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_QU-22_Pave_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Beechcraft QU-22 Pave Eagle">Beechcraft QU-22 Pave Eagle</a>. Designated <b>Model 1023</b>, a single 177B was modified with a 185 hp (138 kW) <a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel engine</a> with a large three bladed 100 inch diameter propeller with a belt driven gear reduction unit and a fuselage-length exhaust canted upward.<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_accidents_and_incidents">Notable accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>On 23 October 1968, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alben_Truitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alben Truitt (page does not exist)">Alben Truitt</a>, the grandson of former U.S. Vice President <a href="/wiki/Alben_Barkley" class="mw-redirect" title="Alben Barkley">Alben Barkley</a>, hijacked a Cessna 177 from Key West to <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>. He returned via Canada in February 1969, the hijacker was caught and arrested by police, and was then sentenced to 20 years for aircraft piracy and 20 years for kidnapping (to run consecutively). He was sentenced to a grand total of 40 years in jail.<sup id="cite_ref-Chronology_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chronology-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 11 April 1996, a Cessna 177B carrying 7-year-old <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Dubroff" title="Jessica Dubroff">Jessica Dubroff</a>, her <a href="/wiki/Certified_flight_instructor" class="mw-redirect" title="Certified flight instructor">certified flight instructor</a>, and Jessica's father Lloyd Dubroff, crashed after takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheyenne Airport">Cheyenne Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne,_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne, Wyoming</a>, killing all on board. Dubroff was attempting to set a cross-country record for young pilots, although her instructor was thought to have been at the controls at the time of the accident. No defect in the aircraft itself was found. The accident resulted in general public concern and new Federal legislation banning record attempts by non-holders of private pilot or higher certificates.<sup id="cite_ref-Avweb7Jul97_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avweb7Jul97-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FindLaw_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FindLaw-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 30 July 1998, a Cessna 177RG Cardinal collided with <a href="/wiki/Proteus_Airlines_Flight_706" title="Proteus Airlines Flight 706">Proteus Airlines Flight 706</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_1900D" class="mw-redirect" title="Beechcraft 1900D">Beechcraft 1900D</a> which deviated over <a href="/wiki/Quiberon_Bay" title="Quiberon Bay">Quiberon Bay</a> from its planned approach to <a href="/wiki/Lorient" title="Lorient">Lorient</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, to give its passengers and crew a better view of the <a href="/wiki/Ocean_liner" title="Ocean liner">ocean liner</a> <a href="/wiki/SS_France_(1960)" title="SS France (1960)">SS <i>Norway</i></a>. Both aircraft crashed into the bay, killing all 14 people on board the Beechcraft and the sole occupant of the Cessna 177RG.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 14 March 2003, a Cessna 177 Cardinal crashed into Old Fort Mountain near <a href="/wiki/Old_Fort,_North_Carolina" title="Old Fort, North Carolina">Old Fort</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, after taking off from <a href="/wiki/Asheville_Regional_Airport" title="Asheville Regional Airport">Asheville Regional Airport</a> in Asheville, North Carolina. The crash killed author <a href="/wiki/Amanda_Davis_(writer)" title="Amanda Davis (writer)">Amanda Davis</a>, who was on a book tour promoting her first novel <i>Wonder When You'll Miss Me</i>, and her parents.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On October 1, 2023, a Cessna 177RG Cardinal crashed after losing power on takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Placid_Airport" title="Lake Placid Airport">Lake Placid Airport</a>, and failed to return to the runway, killing pilot <a href="/wiki/Russ_Francis" title="Russ Francis">Russ Francis</a>, a former NFL tight end who recently purchased the Lake Placid Airways scenic tour business at the airport, and Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association’s Senior Vice President <a href="/wiki/Richard_McSpadden" title="Richard McSpadden">Richard McSpadden</a>, who was widely regarded as an expert on making the so-called "impossible turn" that likely preceded the fatal crash. Lake Placid Airport is noted for being surrounded by the high peaks of the Adirondacks, making a risky 180 degree turn an unfortunate necessity in such situations.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(Cessna_177B)"><span id="Specifications_.28Cessna_177B.29"></span>Specifications (Cessna 177B)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Specifications (Cessna 177B)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png" class="mw-file-description" title="3-view line drawing of the Cessna 177 Cardinal"><img alt="3-view line drawing of the Cessna 177 Cardinal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png/220px-Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png/330px-Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png/440px-Cessna_177_Cardinal_3-view_line_drawing.png 2x" data-file-width="1203" data-file-height="1742" /></a><figcaption>3-view line drawing of the Cessna 177 Cardinal</figcaption></figure> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> Airliners.net<sup id="cite_ref-anet_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anet-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 1</li> <li><b>Capacity:</b> 3 passengers</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 27 ft 8 in (8.43 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 35 ft 6 in (10.82 m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 8 ft 7 in (2.62 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 174 sq ft (16.2 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 1,495 lb (678 kg)</li> <li><b>Max takeoff weight:</b> 2,500 lb (1,134 kg)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 1 × <a href="/wiki/Lycoming_O-360" title="Lycoming O-360">Lycoming O-360</a>-A1F6D air-cooled <a href="/wiki/Flat-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat-4">flat-4 engine</a>, 180 hp (130 kW)</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 136 kn (157 mph, 252 km/h)</li> <li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 124 kn (143 mph, 230 km/h)</li> <li><b>Range:</b> 604 nmi (695 mi, 1,119 km)</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 14,600 ft (4,500 m)</li> <li><b>Rate of climb:</b> 840 ft/min (4.3 m/s)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p> <b>Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Musketeer" title="Beechcraft Musketeer">Beechcraft Musketeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Cherokee" class="mw-redirect" title="Piper Cherokee">Piper Cherokee</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Christy-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christy_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christy, Joe: <i>The Complete Guide to the Single-Engine Cessnas – 3rd Ed.</i>, pp. 54–61. TAB Books, 1979. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8306-2268-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8306-2268-3">0-8306-2268-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PlaneAndPilot-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlaneAndPilot_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Plane and Pilot: <i>1978 Aircraft Directory</i>, p. 25. Werner & Werner Corp Publishing, 1978. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-918312-00-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-918312-00-0">0-918312-00-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Phillips-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Phillips_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Phillips, Edward H: <i>Wings of Cessna, Model 120 to the Citation III</i>, Flying Books, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0911139052" title="Special:BookSources/0911139052">0911139052</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CPA177-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CPA177_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cessna.org">Cessna Pilots Association</a>, "177/177RG Model History", September 1, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CPA172-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CPA172_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cessna.org">Cessna Pilots Association</a>, "172 Model History", January 30, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AOPA-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AOPA_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas A. Horne, "The Cardinals", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aopa.org">AOPA Pilot</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150214124431/http://www.aopa.org/">Archived</a> 2015-02-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> March 1982, pp. 32–42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aopa.org/go-fly/aircraft-and-ownership/aircraft-fact-sheets/cessna-177-cardinal">"Cessna 177 Cardinal"</a>. <i>www.aopa.org</i>. September 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aopa.org&rft.atitle=Cessna+177+Cardinal&rft.date=2009-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aopa.org%2Fgo-fly%2Faircraft-and-ownership%2Faircraft-fact-sheets%2Fcessna-177-cardinal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACessna+177+Cardinal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anet-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anet_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anet_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anet_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anet_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=143">"Cessna 177 Cardinal"</a>. <i>Airliners.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Airliners.net&rft.atitle=Cessna+177+Cardinal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airliners.net%2Finfo%2Fstats.main%3Fid%3D143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACessna+177+Cardinal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CardinalFlyersOnLine-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CardinalFlyersOnLine_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson1997" class="citation news cs1">Peterson, Keith (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cardinalflyers.com/prep/info/article.php">"Cessna Cardinal article"</a>. <i>Cardinal Flyers Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cardinal+Flyers+Online&rft.atitle=Cessna+Cardinal+article&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardinalflyers.com%2Fprep%2Finfo%2Farticle.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACessna+177+Cardinal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jawa71p275-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jawa71p275_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1971" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_W._R._Taylor" title="John W. R. Taylor">Taylor, John W. R.</a>, ed. (1971). <i>Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1971–72</i>. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd. p. 275. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-354-00094-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-354-00094-2"><bdi>0-354-00094-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jane%27s+All+the+World%27s+Aircraft+1971%E2%80%9372&rft.place=London&rft.pages=275&rft.pub=Sampson+Low%2C+Marston+%26+Co.%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=0-354-00094-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACessna+177+Cardinal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs1_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson1999" class="citation news cs1">Peterson, Keith (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cardinalflyers.com/prep/specs/177rg.php">"Cessna Cardinal 177RG specifications"</a>. <i>Cardinal Flyers Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cardinal+Flyers+Online&rft.atitle=Cessna+Cardinal+177RG+specifications&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardinalflyers.com%2Fprep%2Fspecs%2F177rg.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACessna+177+Cardinal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs2-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CardinalFlyersOnLine177RGSpecs2_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson1999" class="citation news cs1">Peterson, Keith (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cardinalflyers.com/prep/specs/177rg2.php">"Cessna Cardinal 177RG specifications"</a>. <i>Cardinal Flyers Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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140">140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_150" title="Cessna 150">142</a><sup><small>a</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_150" title="Cessna 150">150</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_152" title="Cessna 152">152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_160" title="Cessna 160">160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_162_Skycatcher" title="Cessna 162 Skycatcher">162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_170" title="Cessna 170">170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_175_Skylark" title="Cessna 175 Skylark">175</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_180_Skywagon" title="Cessna 180 Skywagon">180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_182_Skylane" title="Cessna 182 Skylane">182</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_185_Skywagon" title="Cessna 185 Skywagon">185</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_187" title="Cessna 187">187</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188" title="Cessna 188">188</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_195" title="Cessna 195">190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_195" title="Cessna 195">195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">205</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">206</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">208</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_210_Centurion" title="Cessna 210 Centurion">210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_400" title="Cessna 400">240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">305</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_308" title="Cessna 308">308</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_170" title="Cessna 170">309</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_170" title="Cessna 170">319</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">321</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">325</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">341</a><sup><small>a</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_187" title="Cessna 187">343</a><sup><small>a</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_350_Corvalis" title="Cessna 350 Corvalis">350</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_400" title="Cessna 400">400</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1008</a><sup><small>a</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_XMC" title="Cessna XMC">1014</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_XMC" title="Cessna XMC">1034</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_NGP" title="Cessna NGP">NGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_X210" title="Cessna X210">X210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_XMC" title="Cessna XMC">XMC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Twin-engine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">P-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">P-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">T-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_C-106_Loadmaster" title="Cessna C-106 Loadmaster">260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T303_Crusader" title="Cessna T303 Crusader">303</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">310</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">318</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">320</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">327</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_340" title="Cessna 340">335</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">337</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_340" title="Cessna 340">340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">348</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">351</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_402" title="Cessna 402">360</a><sup><small>a</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">377</a><sup><small>a</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_402" title="Cessna 402">401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_402" title="Cessna 402">402</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_404_Titan" title="Cessna 404 Titan">404</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">405</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reims-Cessna_F406_Caravan_II" title="Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II">406</a><sup><small>c</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">407</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_408_SkyCourier" title="Cessna 408 SkyCourier">408</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_411" title="Cessna 411">411</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_414" title="Cessna 414">414</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_421_Golden_Eagle" title="Cessna 421 Golden Eagle">421</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_425" title="Cessna 425">425</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_441_Conquest_II" title="Cessna 441 Conquest II">435</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_441_Conquest_II" title="Cessna 441 Conquest II">441</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion" title="Textron AirLand Scorpion">530</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Four engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_620" title="Cessna 620">620</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_family" title="Cessna Citation family">Cessna Citation</a><br />family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Names:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_I" title="Cessna Citation I">I</a><sup><small>e</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_II" title="Cessna Citation II">II-Bravo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_III" title="Cessna Citation III">III-IV<sup><small>b</small></sup>-VI-VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_V" title="Cessna Citation V">V-Ultra-Encore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_X" title="Cessna Citation X">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CitationJet/M2" title="Cessna CitationJet/M2">CitationJet/CJ/M2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_526_CitationJet" title="Cessna 526 CitationJet">CitationJet (526)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Columbus" title="Cessna Citation Columbus">Columbus</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Excel" title="Cessna Citation Excel">Excel-XLS-Ascend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Latitude" title="Cessna Citation Latitude">Latitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Longitude" title="Cessna Citation Longitude">Longitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Mustang" title="Cessna Citation Mustang">Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Sovereign" title="Cessna Citation Sovereign">Sovereign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Hemisphere" title="Cessna Citation Hemisphere">Hemisphere</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_I" title="Cessna Citation I">500/501</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Mustang" title="Cessna Citation Mustang">510</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CitationJet/M2" title="Cessna CitationJet/M2">525</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_526_CitationJet" title="Cessna 526 CitationJet">526</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_II" title="Cessna Citation II">550/551/552</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_V" title="Cessna Citation V">560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Excel" title="Cessna Citation Excel">560XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_III" title="Cessna Citation III">650</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_III" title="Cessna Citation III">670</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Sovereign" title="Cessna Citation Sovereign">680</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Latitude" title="Cessna Citation Latitude">680A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Longitude" title="Cessna Citation Longitude">700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_X" title="Cessna Citation X">750</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Columbus" title="Cessna Citation Columbus">850</a><sup><small>b</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Helicopters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CH-1_Skyhook" title="Cessna CH-1 Skyhook">CH-1/CH-4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gliders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CG-2" title="Cessna CG-2">CG-2</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_526_CitationJet" title="Cessna 526 CitationJet">526 JPATS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_A-37_Dragonfly" title="Cessna A-37 Dragonfly">A-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">AT-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">AT-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">C-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_404_Titan" title="Cessna 404 Titan">C-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_C-106_Loadmaster" title="Cessna C-106 Loadmaster">C-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion" title="Textron AirLand Scorpion">E530</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">JRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">L-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">L-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_195" title="Cessna 195">LC-126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">O-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-2_Skymaster" title="Cessna O-2 Skymaster">O-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">OE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">T-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-41_Mescalero" title="Cessna T-41 Mescalero">T-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_II" title="Cessna Citation II">T-47A</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_V" title="Cessna Citation V">B</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">T-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_150" title="Cessna 150">T-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">U-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_185_Skywagon" title="Cessna 185 Skywagon">U-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_195" title="Cessna 195">U-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">U-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">U-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_V" title="Cessna Citation V">UC-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Airmaster" title="Cessna Airmaster">UC-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">UC-78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Airmaster" title="Cessna Airmaster">UC-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CH-1_Skyhook" title="Cessna CH-1 Skyhook">YH-41</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cessna_models" title="List of Cessna models">Aircraft names</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_150" title="Cessna 150">Aerobat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188" title="Cessna 188">AGhusky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188" title="Cessna 188">AGpickup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188" title="Cessna 188">AGtruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188" title="Cessna 188">AGwagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Airmaster" title="Cessna Airmaster">Airmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">Bird Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">Bobcat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_402" title="Cessna 402">Businessliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">Caravan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reims-Cessna_F406_Caravan_II" title="Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II">Caravan II</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cardinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">Cargomaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_210_Centurion" title="Cessna 210 Centurion">Centurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_414" title="Cessna 414">Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CitationJet/M2" title="Cessna CitationJet/M2">CitationJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Columbus" title="Cessna Citation Columbus">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_150" title="Cessna 150">Commuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_425" title="Cessna 425">Conquest I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_441_Conquest_II" title="Cessna 441 Conquest II">Conquest II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_425" title="Cessna 425">Corsair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_350_Corvalis" title="Cessna 350 Corvalis">Corvalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_AT-17_Bobcat" title="Cessna AT-17 Bobcat">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T303_Crusader" title="Cessna T303 Crusader">Crusader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">Cutlass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Denali" title="Beechcraft Denali">Denali</a><sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_A-37_Dragonfly" title="Cessna A-37 Dragonfly">Dragonfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Excel" title="Cessna Citation Excel">Excel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">Executive Skyknight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_I" title="Cessna Citation I">Fanjet 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_421_Golden_Eagle" title="Cessna 421 Golden Eagle">Golden Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">Grand Caravan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Hemisphere" title="Cessna Citation Hemisphere">Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Latitude" title="Cessna Citation Latitude">Latitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_C-106_Loadmaster" title="Cessna C-106 Loadmaster">Loadmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Longitude" title="Cessna Citation Longitude">Longitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-41_Mescalero" title="Cessna T-41 Mescalero">Mescalero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Mustang" title="Cessna Citation Mustang">Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">Powermatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron_AirLand_Scorpion" title="Textron AirLand Scorpion">Scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_162_Skycatcher" title="Cessna 162 Skycatcher">Skycatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_408_SkyCourier" title="Cessna 408 SkyCourier">SkyCourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">Skyhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CH-1_Skyhook" title="Cessna CH-1 Skyhook">Skyhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_310" title="Cessna 310">Skyknight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_182_Skylane" title="Cessna 182 Skylane">Skylane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_175_Skylark" title="Cessna 175 Skylark">Skylark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Skymaster" title="Cessna Skymaster">Skymaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_180_Skywagon" title="Cessna 180 Skywagon">Skywagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_185_Skywagon" title="Cessna 185 Skywagon">Skywagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_Sovereign" title="Cessna Citation Sovereign">Sovereign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">Stationair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">Super Skylane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">Super Skywagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_210_Centurion" title="Cessna 210 Centurion">Turbo Centurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">Turbo Skywagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_206" title="Cessna 206">Turbo Stationair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">Super Cargomaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_404_Titan" title="Cessna 404 Titan">Titan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_V" title="Cessna Citation V">Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_T-37_Tweet" title="Cessna T-37 Tweet">Tweet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_402" title="Cessna 402">Utiliner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Licensees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reims_Aviation" title="Reims Aviation">Reims Aviation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Cessna" title="Clyde Cessna">Clyde Cessna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_W._Meyer_Jr." title="Russell W. Meyer Jr.">Russell W. Meyer Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_J._Pelton" title="Jack J. Pelton">Jack J. Pelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Roos" title="Victor Roos">Victor Roos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwane_Wallace" title="Dwane Wallace">Dwane Wallace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Aircraft_Field" title="Cessna Aircraft Field">Cessna Aircraft Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>a</sup> Redesignated during development  •  <sup>b</sup> Not built  •  <sup>c</sup> Produced only by Reims  •  <sup>d</sup> Transferred to <a href="/wiki/Beechcraft" title="Beechcraft">Beechcraft</a> during development  •  <sup>e</sup> Early models had no "I" suffix; some sources call these aircraft the <i>Citation 500</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&oldid=1260064381">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cessna_177_Cardinal&oldid=1260064381</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cessna_aircraft" title="Category:Cessna aircraft">Cessna aircraft</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:High-wing_aircraft" title="Category:High-wing aircraft">High-wing aircraft</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Single-engined_tractor_aircraft" title="Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft">Single-engined tractor aircraft</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1960s_United_States_civil_utility_aircraft" title="Category:1960s United States civil utility aircraft">1960s United States civil utility aircraft</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aircraft_first_flown_in_1967" title="Category:Aircraft first flown in 1967">Aircraft first flown in 1967</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aircraft_with_retractable_tricycle_landing_gear" title="Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear">Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aircraft_with_fixed_tricycle_landing_gear" title="Category:Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear">Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing title">CS1 errors: missing title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_November_2021" title="Category:Use mdy dates from November 2021">Use mdy dates from November 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_November_2021" title="Category:Use American English from November 2021">Use American English from November 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 November 2024, at 17:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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