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href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about changes from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header 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</a> <button aria-controls="toc-Elizabethan_era_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Elizabethan era features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Elizabethan_era_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-A_golden_age_of_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_golden_age_of_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>A golden age of culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_golden_age_of_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scientific_progress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientific_progress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Scientific progress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientific_progress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exploration_and_colonization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exploration_and_colonization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Exploration and colonization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exploration_and_colonization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monarchical_power" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monarchical_power"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Monarchical power</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monarchical_power-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-William_Shakespeare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#William_Shakespeare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>William Shakespeare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-William_Shakespeare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabethan era</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%8A" title="العصر الإليزابيثي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصر الإليزابيثي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Елизабетинска епоха – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Елизабетинска епоха" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88poca_elisabetiana" title="Època elisabetiana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Època elisabetiana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C5%BEb%C4%9Btinsk%C3%A1_%C3%A9ra" title="Alžbětinská éra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alžbětinská éra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oes_Elisabeth" title="Oes Elisabeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Oes Elisabeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabethanisches_Zeitalter" title="Elisabethanisches Zeitalter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elisabethanisches Zeitalter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethi_ajastu" title="Elizabethi ajastu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elizabethi ajastu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE" title="Ελισαβετιανή εποχή – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελισαβετιανή εποχή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethan_era" title="Elizabethan era – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Elizabethan era" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89poca_isabelina" title="Época isabelina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Época isabelina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeta_epoko" title="Elizabeta epoko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elizabeta epoko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabeldar_Aroa" title="Isabeldar Aroa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Isabeldar Aroa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA" title="دوره الیزابت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره الیزابت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88re_%C3%A9lisab%C3%A9thaine" title="Ère élisabéthaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ère élisabéthaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabetaanske_Tiid" title="Elizabetaanske Tiid – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elizabetaanske Tiid" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9_Eil%C3%ADseach" title="Ré Eilíseach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ré Eilíseach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%9E%90%EB%B2%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="엘리자베스 시대 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="엘리자베스 시대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_Elizabeth" title="Era Elizabeth – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Era Elizabeth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%C3%ADsabetart%C3%ADmabili%C3%B0" title="Elísabetartímabilið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Elísabetartímabilið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%C3%A0_elisabettiana" title="Età elisabettiana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Età elisabettiana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99" title="העידן האליזבתני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="העידן האליזבתני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ელისაბედის ხანა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელისაბედის ხანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="എലിസബീഥൻ കാലഘട്ടം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എലിസബീഥൻ കാലഘട്ടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_Elizabeth" title="Era Elizabeth – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Era Elizabeth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethaans_tijdperk" title="Elizabethaans tijdperk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elizabethaans tijdperk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B6%E3%83%99%E3%82%B9%E6%9C%9D" title="エリザベス朝 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エリザベス朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabethansk_tid" title="Elisabethansk tid – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elisabethansk tid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="د الیزابیت دوره – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د الیزابیت دوره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_elisabetano" title="Período elisabetano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Período elisabetano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoca_elisabetan%C4%83" title="Epoca elisabetană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Epoca elisabetană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Елизаветинская эпоха – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Елизаветинская эпоха" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabetinsko_obdobje" title="Elizabetinsko obdobje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Elizabetinsko obdobje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Елизабетанско доба – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Елизабетанско доба" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabetansko_doba" title="Elizabetansko doba – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elizabetansko doba" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabetin_aikakausi" title="Elisabetin aikakausi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elisabetin aikakausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabetansk_tid" title="Elisabetansk tid – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elisabetansk tid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%98" title="สมัยเอลิซาเบธ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมัยเอลิซาเบธ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_D%C3%B6nemi" title="Elizabeth Dönemi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elizabeth Dönemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Єлизаветинська епоха – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Єлизаветинська епоха" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="伊丽莎白时代 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊丽莎白时代" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q912595#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change 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class="mbox-text-span">The <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> used in this article or section <b>may not be easy for everybody to understand</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help Wikipedia by reading <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_write_Simple_English_pages" title="Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages">Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages</a>, then simplifying the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Elizabethan era</b> was a time in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_England" title="History of England">history of England</a>. Generally, the Elizabethan era refers to the years 1558 - 1603, when <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Queen_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of England">Queen of England</a>. </p><p>It is often called "The Golden Age," or even the "English <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>,"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because it was a time of great achievements in <a href="/wiki/Arts" title="Arts">the arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a>, and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though there was conflict between Catholics and Protestants, Elizabeth was able to keep these problems from spreading.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English <a href="/wiki/Economy" title="Economy">economy</a> prospered, and exploration changed the way <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europeans</a> viewed the world. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elizabethan_era_features">Elizabethan era features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Elizabethan era features" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Elizabethan era features"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A_golden_age_of_culture">A golden age of culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: A golden age of culture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: A golden age of culture"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Elizabethan era, the arts flourished.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Artists made advances in <a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">painting</a> (especially <a href="/wiki/Portrait" title="Portrait">portraiture</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Famous playwrights like <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Marlowe" title="Christopher Marlowe">Christopher Marlowe</a> created some of their most important works during this era. There was an increased interest in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">classical Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> works.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">Theatre</a> became a popular form of entertainment. Famous theaters like the <a href="/wiki/Globe_Theatre" title="Globe Theatre">Globe</a> were constructed, and plays were performed there to enthusiastic audiences. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance architecture</a> became popular. </p><p>Elizabethan clothing was very unique. <a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a> was often very elaborate, with ruffled collars, corsets, and richly embroidered garments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scientific_progress">Scientific progress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Scientific progress" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Scientific progress"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many important scientific advancements happened during the Elizabethan era. Fields like <a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">navigation</a> grew. Notable figures like <a href="/wiki/Francis_Drake" title="Francis Drake">Sir Francis Drake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Raleigh" title="Walter Raleigh">Sir Walter Raleigh</a> made significant contributions. </p><p>The clock, microscope, telescope, eyeglasses, gunpowder, flushing toilets, submarine, the compass, wrench, and screwdriver were all invented during the Elizabethan era.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exploration_and_colonization">Exploration and colonization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Exploration and colonization" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Exploration and colonization"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There was a surge in exploration by ship. Many <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colonies</a> were established during the Elizabethan era, most notably in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. </p><p>Famous Elizabethan explorers included:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Sir Francis Drake, who fought the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spanish Armada</a> and was the first to <a href="/wiki/Circumnavigation" title="Circumnavigation">sail all the way around the world</a></li> <li>Sir Walter Raleigh, who led voyages to the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a> and established the <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia colony</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roanoke_Island" title="Roanoke Island">Roanoke Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson" title="Henry Hudson">Henry Hudson</a>, who found the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavendish" title="Thomas Cavendish">Thomas Cavendish</a>, who sailed around the world after Drake did</li></ul> <p>Some of these explorers also worked as <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateers</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">pirates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monarchical_power">Monarchical power</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Monarchical power" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Monarchical power"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Queen Elizabeth I held a lot of power, and many English people admired her strong leadership. This contributed to political stability and <a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">national pride</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="William_Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: William Shakespeare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: William Shakespeare"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>William Shakespeare's works were extremely important during the Elizabethan era. They both reflected and shaped Elizabethan culture, politics, and society. </p><p>Shakespeare's plays, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i>, explored complicated emotions and issues within Elizabethan society. Through his plays, we can see what kinds of challenges Elizabethan people experienced, and what they valued. </p><p>Shakespeare's plays were entertainment, but also a powerful tool for political commentary. In plays like <i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i>, he discussed <a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">themes</a> like power, ambition, and the consequences of <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">total authority</a>. These themes also applied to the political struggles of the Elizabethan court. Reflecting the tensions within Elizabethan society, Shakespeare wrote about characters navigating treacherous political landscapes. </p><p>Shakespeare also changed the English language. He created around 1700 new words, and his writings helped to standardize English grammar, spelling, and vocabulary.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The patterns, melodies, and blank <a href="/wiki/Verse_(poetry)" title="Verse (poetry)">verses</a> he used in his poetry have become standard.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Elizabethan-Age">"Elizabethan Age | Definition, Facts, In England, & Literature | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. 2024-07-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Elizabethan+Age+%7C+Definition%2C+Facts%2C+In+England%2C+%26+Literature+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FElizabethan-Age&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AElizabethan+era" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2">2.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Elizabethan-Age">"Elizabethan Age | Definition, Facts, In England, & Literature | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. 2024-07-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Elizabethan+Age+%7C+Definition%2C+Facts%2C+In+England%2C+%26+Literature+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FElizabethan-Age&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AElizabethan+era" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1">3.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-2">3.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFTate" class="citation web cs1">Tate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/e/elizabethan">"Elizabethan"</a>. <i>Tate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Elizabethan&rft.au=Tate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fart%2Fart-terms%2Fe%2Felizabethan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AElizabethan+era" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Guy (1988) <i>Tudor England</i>, Oxford University Press, p. 32 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0192852132" title="Special:BookSources/0192852132">0192852132</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">From the 1944 Clark lectures by <a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">C. S. Lewis</a>; Lewis, <i>English Literature in the Sixteenth Century</i> (Oxford, 1954) p. 1, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/256072">256072</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cram.com/flashcards/elizabethan-era-science-and-technology-5220764#:~:text=Other%20inventions%20made%20were%20the,compass,%20wrench,%20and%20screwdriver.">"Elizabethan Era Science And Technology Flashcards - Cram.com"</a>. <i>www.cram.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cram.com&rft.atitle=Elizabethan+Era+Science+And+Technology+Flashcards+-+Cram.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cram.com%2Fflashcards%2Felizabethan-era-science-and-technology-5220764%23%3A~%3Atext%3DOther%2520inventions%2520made%2520were%2520the%2Ccompass%2C%2520wrench%2C%2520and%2520screwdriver.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AElizabethan+era" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCartwright" class="citation web cs1">Cartwright, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.org/collection/107/elizabethan-explorers-privateers--colonists/">"Elizabethan Explorers, Privateers & Colonists"</a>. <i>World History Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+History+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Elizabethan+Explorers%2C+Privateers+%26+Colonists&rft.aulast=Cartwright&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldhistory.org%2Fcollection%2F107%2Felizabethan-explorers-privateers--colonists%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AElizabethan+era" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-1">8.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFParvinIslam2020" class="citation journal cs1">Parvin, Forida; Islam, Shariful (2020-01-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejel/article/view/2818">"THE INFLUENCE OF WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE IN MODERN ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE"</a>. <i>European Journal of English Language Teaching</i>. <b>0</b> (0). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.46827%2Fejel.v0i0.2818">10.46827/ejel.v0i0.2818</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+English+Language+Teaching&rft.atitle=THE+INFLUENCE+OF+WILLIAM+SHAKESPEARE+IN+MODERN+ENGLISH+LANGUAGE+AND+LITERATURE&rft.volume=0&rft.issue=0&rft.date=2020-01-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.46827%2Fejel.v0i0.2818&rft.aulast=Parvin&rft.aufirst=Forida&rft.au=Islam%2C+Shariful&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foapub.org%2Fedu%2Findex.php%2Fejel%2Farticle%2Fview%2F2818&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AElizabethan+era" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_era&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_period" title="Tudor period">Tudor period</a></li></ul> <div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks" id="stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/45px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <i>This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">short article</a> can be made longer. 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