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d="M1478.57,552.87l-460.15,456c-232.12,230.29-608.25,230.29-840.4,0C62.09,893.81,4.11,743.12,3.97,592.36v-.93c.15-150.72,58.13-301.44,174.05-416.53C303.15,50.65,471.25-6.82,634.88,3.28c61.17,3.77,107.73,55.99,104,116.68-3.79,60.66-56.44,106.88-117.61,103.11-103.2-6.15-207.52,29.4-286.34,107.52-72.92,72.42-108.94,166.37-109.06,261.31,.12,94.88,36.14,188.83,109.06,261.25,72.98,72.33,167.63,108.12,263.28,108.21,95.65-.09,190.33-35.88,263.4-108.3l460.27-456.15v-.03c43.62-43.15,113.88-43.05,157.15,.03,43.21,43.02,43.12,112.7-.33,155.82-.06,.03-.12,.09-.15,.12Z" /> <path class="cls-1" d="M1301.63,1171.51c-43.33,42.99-113.59,42.99-156.89,0-43.39-42.99-43.33-112.7,0-155.7l400.31-397.26c43.48-43.15,113.8-43.24,157.12-.21,43.36,42.99,43.27,112.79-.21,155.94l-400.34,397.23Z" /> <g> <path class="cls-3" d="M3916.16,962.08h-23.8v62.35h-8.75v-62.35h-23.8v-7.92h56.34v7.92Z" /> <path class="cls-3" d="M3987.28,1024.43v-53.64l-22.73,41.27h-5.34l-22.82-41.27v53.64h-8.75v-70.27h9.23l24.97,45.64,25.06-45.64h9.14v70.27h-8.75Z" /> </g> </svg>  </a></div><div id="open-menu"><a href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a></div><div id="patents-header" class="content-header common-pad"><div id="content-header-wrapper" class="wrapper"><div id="header-title"><h1>Resources</h1></div></div></div><div id="patents-papers" class="common-pad bg-white"><div id="patents-papers-wrapper" class="wrapper content"><div id="patents-papers-title" class="patents-section-title">Papers & Presentations</div><div id="patents-papers-list"><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">A life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from direct air capture and Fischer–Tropsch fuel production</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Paper by Caroline M. Liu, Navjot K. Sandhu, Sean T. McCoy, & Joule A. Bergerson, Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 2020.)<br><a href="https://carbonengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/c9se00479c.pdf" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">A Process for Capturing CO<sub>2</sub> from the Atmosphere</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Paper by David W. Keith, Geoffrey Holmes, David St. Angelo, and Kenton Heidel, Joule Journal, 2018)<br><a href="https://www.cell.com/joule/fulltext/S2542-4351(18)30225-3" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">Carbon Engineering Case Study</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Harvard Business School Case Study, Joseph B. Lassiter III and Sid Misra, Oct 2013)<br><a href="https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=45759" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">Outdoor Prototype Results for Direct Atmospheric Capture of Carbon Dioxide</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Paper by CE Team presented at GHGT-11, published in Energy Procedia, 2013)<br><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610213007807#" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">An air-liquid contactor for large-scale capture of CO<sub>2</sub> from air</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Paper by Geoffrey Holmes and David Keith, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 2012)<br><a href="https://keith.seas.harvard.edu/files/tkg/files/148.holmes.keith_.contactorforlargescalecapture.e.pdf" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">Why capture CO<sub>2</sub> from the atmosphere?</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Paper by David Keith in Science, 325: 1654-1655)<br><a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/325/5948/1654" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">Capturing CO<sub>2</sub> from the atmosphere: rationale and process design considerations</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text">(Book chapter by David Keith, Kenton Heidel, and Robert Cherry in Geo-Engineering Climate Change: Environmental necessity or Pandora’s box? B. Launder and M. Thompson, editors. Cambridge University Press, p. 107-126)<br><a href="https://keith.seas.harvard.edu/files/tkg/files/116.cherry.heidel.capco2fromatmosp.p.pdf" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="patents-papers-item"><div class="patents-papers-item-title">Additional research papers on David Keith’s website</div><div class="patents-papers-item-text"><a href="https://keith.seas.harvard.edu/browse/publications?f%5B0%5D=sm_og_vocabulary%3Ataxonomy_term%3A111726" target="_blank" class="patents-link"><i class="fas fa-file-alt"></i> view</a></div></div><div class="clear"></div></div></div></div><div id="patents-content" class="common-pad bg-white"><div id="patents-content-wrapper" class="wrapper content"><div id="patents-content-title" class="patents-section-title">Patents</div><div class="patents-content-type">CE owned patents and pending patent applications:</div><div class="patents-content-table"><table><tr><th class="table-number border">US Patent <span>Number</span>/US Publication <span>Number</span></th><th class="table-title border">Title</th></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">11,623,863</td><td class="table-title border">Air-to-syngas systems and processes</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">10,421,039</td><td class="table-title border">Capturing carbon dioxide</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">11,014,043</td><td class="table-title border">Capturing carbon dioxide</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">US20220096998A1</td><td class="table-title border">Capturing carbon dioxide</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">US20220193606A1</td><td class="table-title border">Capturing carbon dioxide</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">US20220176312A1</td><td class="table-title border">Capturing carbon dioxide</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">9,637,393</td><td class="table-title border">Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregate</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">8,119,091</td><td class="table-title border">Carbon dioxide capture</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">11,504,667</td><td class="table-title border">Carbon dioxide capture method and facility</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">9,095,813</td><td class="table-title border">Carbon dioxide capture method and facility</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">8,728,428</td><td class="table-title border">Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">US20220362737A1</td><td class="table-title border">Gas-liquid contactor with packing for capturing carbon dioxide</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">10,214,448</td><td class="table-title border">High temperature hydrator</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">US20210380475A1</td><td class="table-title border">High temperature hydrator</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">11,655,421</td><td class="table-title border">Method and system for synthesizing fuel from dilute carbon dioxide source</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">US20210101107A1</td><td class="table-title border">Hydration of gas streams</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">10,519,041</td><td class="table-title border">Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">US20220362707A1</td><td class="table-title border">Systems and methods for capturing carbon dioxide and regenerating a capture solution</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">8,871,008</td><td class="table-title border">Target gas capture</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">11,014,823</td><td class="table-title border">Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</td></tr><tr class="grey"><td class="table-number border">11,667,538</td><td class="table-title border">Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</td></tr><tr><td class="table-number border">9,975,100</td><td class="table-title border">Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</td></tr></table><p></p><p><em>CE owns patents and pending patent applications in other countries and jurisdictions.</em></p></div><div class="patents-mobile-list"><div class="patents-mobile-item">11,623,863<br> <strong>Air-to-syngas systems and processes</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">10,421,039<br> <strong>Capturing carbon dioxide</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">11,014,043<br> <strong>Capturing carbon dioxide</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20220096998A1<br> <strong>Capturing carbon dioxide</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20220193606A1<br> <strong>Capturing carbon dioxide</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20220176312A1<br> <strong>Capturing carbon dioxide</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">9,637,393<br> <strong>Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregate</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">8,119,091<br> <strong>Carbon dioxide capture</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">11,504,667<br> <strong>Carbon dioxide capture method and facility</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">9,095,813<br> <strong>Carbon dioxide capture method and facility</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">8,728,428<br> <strong>Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20220362737A1<br> <strong>Gas-liquid contactor with packing for capturing carbon dioxide</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">10,214,448<br> <strong>High temperature hydrator</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20210380475A1<br> <strong>High temperature hydrator</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">11,655,421<br> <strong>Method and system for synthesizing fuel from dilute carbon dioxide source</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20210101107A1<br> <strong>Hydration of gas streams</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">10,519,041<br> <strong>Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">US20220362707A1<br> <strong>Systems and methods for capturing carbon dioxide and regenerating a capture solution</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">8,871,008<br> <strong>Target gas capture</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">11,014,823<br> <strong>Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">11,667,538<br> <strong>Recovering a caustic solution via calcium carbonate crystal aggregates</strong></div><div class="patents-mobile-item">9,975,100<br> 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>Bouvet Island</option><option value='Brazil' >Brazil</option><option value='British Indian Ocean Territory' >British Indian Ocean Territory</option><option value='Brunei Darussalam' >Brunei Darussalam</option><option value='Bulgaria' >Bulgaria</option><option value='Burkina Faso' >Burkina Faso</option><option value='Burundi' >Burundi</option><option value='Cambodia' >Cambodia</option><option value='Cameroon' >Cameroon</option><option value='Cape Verde' >Cape Verde</option><option value='Cayman Islands' >Cayman Islands</option><option value='Central African Republic' >Central African Republic</option><option value='Chad' >Chad</option><option value='Chile' >Chile</option><option value='China' >China</option><option value='Christmas Island' >Christmas Island</option><option value='Cocos Islands' >Cocos Islands</option><option value='Colombia' >Colombia</option><option value='Comoros' >Comoros</option><option value='Congo, Democratic Republic of the' >Congo, Democratic Republic of the</option><option value='Congo, Republic of the' >Congo, Republic of the</option><option value='Cook Islands' >Cook Islands</option><option value='Costa Rica' >Costa Rica</option><option value='Côte d'Ivoire' >Côte d'Ivoire</option><option value='Croatia' >Croatia</option><option value='Cuba' >Cuba</option><option value='Curaçao' >Curaçao</option><option value='Cyprus' >Cyprus</option><option value='Czech Republic' >Czech Republic</option><option value='Denmark' >Denmark</option><option value='Djibouti' >Djibouti</option><option value='Dominica' >Dominica</option><option value='Dominican Republic' >Dominican Republic</option><option value='Ecuador' >Ecuador</option><option value='Egypt' >Egypt</option><option value='El Salvador' >El Salvador</option><option value='Equatorial Guinea' >Equatorial Guinea</option><option value='Eritrea' >Eritrea</option><option value='Estonia' >Estonia</option><option value='Eswatini (Swaziland)' >Eswatini (Swaziland)</option><option value='Ethiopia' 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>Rwanda</option><option value='Saint Barthélemy' >Saint Barthélemy</option><option value='Saint Helena' >Saint Helena</option><option value='Saint Kitts and Nevis' >Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value='Saint Lucia' >Saint Lucia</option><option value='Saint Martin' >Saint Martin</option><option value='Saint Pierre and Miquelon' >Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value='Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' >Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value='Samoa' >Samoa</option><option value='San Marino' >San Marino</option><option value='Sao Tome and Principe' >Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value='Saudi Arabia' >Saudi Arabia</option><option value='Senegal' >Senegal</option><option value='Serbia' >Serbia</option><option value='Seychelles' >Seychelles</option><option value='Sierra Leone' >Sierra Leone</option><option value='Singapore' >Singapore</option><option value='Sint Maarten' >Sint Maarten</option><option value='Slovakia' >Slovakia</option><option value='Slovenia' >Slovenia</option><option value='Solomon Islands' >Solomon Islands</option><option value='Somalia' >Somalia</option><option value='South Africa' >South Africa</option><option value='South Georgia' >South Georgia</option><option value='South Korea' >South Korea</option><option value='South Sudan' >South Sudan</option><option value='Spain' >Spain</option><option value='Sri Lanka' >Sri Lanka</option><option value='Sudan' >Sudan</option><option value='Suriname' >Suriname</option><option value='Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands' >Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands</option><option value='Sweden' >Sweden</option><option value='Switzerland' >Switzerland</option><option value='Syria' >Syria</option><option value='Taiwan' >Taiwan</option><option value='Tajikistan' >Tajikistan</option><option value='Tanzania' >Tanzania</option><option value='Thailand' >Thailand</option><option value='Timor-Leste' >Timor-Leste</option><option value='Togo' >Togo</option><option value='Tokelau' 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